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Appendix a Common Abbreviations Used in Medication
UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM MASTERS THESIS Impact of Medication Grouping on Fall Risk Prediction in Elders: A Retrospective Analysis of MIMIC-III Critical Care Database Student: SRP Mentor: Noman Dormosh Dr. Martijn C. Schut Student No. 11412682 – SRP Tutor: Prof. dr. Ameen Abu-Hanna SRP Address: Amsterdam University Medical Center - Location AMC Department Medical Informatics Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam Practice teaching period: November 2018 - June 2019 A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medical Informatics iii Abstract Background: Falls are the leading cause of injury in elderly patients. Risk factors for falls in- cluding among others history of falls, old age, and female gender. Research studies have also linked certain medications with an increased risk of fall in what is called fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs), such as psychotropics and cardiovascular drugs. However, there is a lack of consistency in the definitions of FRIDs between the studies and many studies did not use any systematic classification for medications. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of grouping medications at different levels of granularity of a medication classification system on the performance of fall risk prediction models. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-III cohort database. We created seven prediction models including demographic, comorbidity and medication variables. Medica- tions were grouped using the anatomical therapeutic chemical classification system (ATC) starting from the most specific scope of medications and moving up to the more generic groups: one model used individual medications (ATC level 5), four models used medication grouping at levels one, two, three and four of the ATC and one model did not include med- ications. -
Summary of Product Characteristics
Summary of Product Characteristics 1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT MAXITROL ophthalmic ointment 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Ophthalmic ointment: 1 g ointment contains 1 mg dexamethasone, 3,500 I.U. neomycin sulphate (as base) and 6,000 I.U.polymyxin B sulphate. For a full list of excipients, see section 6.1. 3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM Ophthalmic ointment White to very pale yellow homogeneous translucent ointment 4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic indications Maxitrol ophthalmic ointment is indicated for the treatment of eye infections which are responsive to steroids, when an antibiotic is also needed. 4.2 Posology and method of administration Children and Adults (including the Elderly) Apply a small amount (1-1.5 cm) in the conjunctival sac 3 to 4 times daily, or use as a supplement to the eye drops at bedtime. After application of the ointment, look downward for a moment before closing the eyes. Method of administration: For ocular use. To prevent contamination of the tube tip and ointment, care must be taken not to touch the eyelids, surrounding areas, or other surfaces with the tube tip. Keep the tube tightly closed when not in use. 4.3 Contraindications • Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1. • Herpes simplex keratitis. • Vaccinia, varicella, and other viral infection of cornea or conjunctiva. • Fungal diseases of ocular structures. • Mycobacterial ocular infections. 4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use - For topical ophthalmic use only. Not for injection or ingestion. - As with all antibacterial preparation prolonged use may lead to overgrowth of non- susceptible bacterial strains or fungi. -
The National Drugs List
^ ^ ^ ^ ^[ ^ The National Drugs List Of Syrian Arab Republic Sexth Edition 2006 ! " # "$ % &'() " # * +$, -. / & 0 /+12 3 4" 5 "$ . "$ 67"5,) 0 " /! !2 4? @ % 88 9 3: " # "$ ;+<=2 – G# H H2 I) – 6( – 65 : A B C "5 : , D )* . J!* HK"3 H"$ T ) 4 B K<) +$ LMA N O 3 4P<B &Q / RS ) H< C4VH /430 / 1988 V W* < C A GQ ") 4V / 1000 / C4VH /820 / 2001 V XX K<# C ,V /500 / 1992 V "!X V /946 / 2004 V Z < C V /914 / 2003 V ) < ] +$, [2 / ,) @# @ S%Q2 J"= [ &<\ @ +$ LMA 1 O \ . S X '( ^ & M_ `AB @ &' 3 4" + @ V= 4 )\ " : N " # "$ 6 ) G" 3Q + a C G /<"B d3: C K7 e , fM 4 Q b"$ " < $\ c"7: 5) G . HHH3Q J # Hg ' V"h 6< G* H5 !" # $%" & $' ,* ( )* + 2 ا اوا ادو +% 5 j 2 i1 6 B J' 6<X " 6"[ i2 "$ "< * i3 10 6 i4 11 6! ^ i5 13 6<X "!# * i6 15 7 G!, 6 - k 24"$d dl ?K V *4V h 63[46 ' i8 19 Adl 20 "( 2 i9 20 G Q) 6 i10 20 a 6 m[, 6 i11 21 ?K V $n i12 21 "% * i13 23 b+ 6 i14 23 oe C * i15 24 !, 2 6\ i16 25 C V pq * i17 26 ( S 6) 1, ++ &"r i19 3 +% 27 G 6 ""% i19 28 ^ Ks 2 i20 31 % Ks 2 i21 32 s * i22 35 " " * i23 37 "$ * i24 38 6" i25 39 V t h Gu* v!* 2 i26 39 ( 2 i27 40 B w< Ks 2 i28 40 d C &"r i29 42 "' 6 i30 42 " * i31 42 ":< * i32 5 ./ 0" -33 4 : ANAESTHETICS $ 1 2 -1 :GENERAL ANAESTHETICS AND OXYGEN 4 $1 2 2- ATRACURIUM BESYLATE DROPERIDOL ETHER FENTANYL HALOTHANE ISOFLURANE KETAMINE HCL NITROUS OXIDE OXYGEN PROPOFOL REMIFENTANIL SEVOFLURANE SUFENTANIL THIOPENTAL :LOCAL ANAESTHETICS !67$1 2 -5 AMYLEINE HCL=AMYLOCAINE ARTICAINE BENZOCAINE BUPIVACAINE CINCHOCAINE LIDOCAINE MEPIVACAINE OXETHAZAINE PRAMOXINE PRILOCAINE PREOPERATIVE MEDICATION & SEDATION FOR 9*: ;< " 2 -8 : : SHORT -TERM PROCEDURES ATROPINE DIAZEPAM INJ. -
Constipation: a Parent's Guide
CONSTIPATION: A PARENT’S GUIDE Twenty Questions About Constipation: Answers to Guide Parents and Professionals Constipation is the abnormally delayed or infrequent passage of hard stools. Most children, and many adults, too, become constipated from time to time. Often, the duration is short; occasionally it persists for months, even years. Although constipation can be uncomfortable, may create worry, and sometimes seem serious, fortunately it does not have long-term, troubling effects in most healthy children. This Booklet is designed to help you deal with childhood constipation by answering several questions and outlining management instructions for you to follow. Questions answered are: 1. What are the normal 11. What can we learn from patterns of bowel physical exam results? movements at 12. What is our treatment different ages? program for constipation? 2. What makes up bowel 13. How is the colon movements and how do cleaned out? they travel? 14. How are stools softened? 3. What is constipation? 15. Why is trying to have 4. When is constipation most bowel movements twice likely to occur? a day so important? 5. Why does constipation 16. What are the expected persist in some children? results of the treatment 6. Why would a child hold program? back stool and what 17. What do we do if the happens then? cleansing regimen is 7. How can proper toilet not successful? training help? 18. What is the long-term 8. Why would stool back up program for children in the colon? prone to constipation? 9. Why do some children 19. Does a special diet help have soiling accidents? resolve constipation? 10. -
Antibiofilm Efficacy of Tea Tree Oil and of Its Main Component Terpinen-4-Ol Against Candida Albicans
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Periodontics Antibiofilm efficacy of tea tree oil and of its main component terpinen-4-ol against Candida albicans Renata Serignoli Abstract: Candida infection is an important cause of morbidity FRANCISCONI(a) and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The increase in its Patricia Milagros Maquera incidence has been associated with resistance to antimicrobial therapy HUACHO(a) and biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Caroline Coradi TONON(a) efficacy of tea tree oil (TTO) and its main component – terpinen-4-ol – Ester Alves Ferreira BORDINI(a) against resistant Candida albicans strains (genotypes A and B) identified by molecular typing and against C. albicans ATCC 90028 and SC 5314 Marília Ferreira CORREIA(a) reference strains in planktonic and biofilm cultures. The minimum Janaína de Cássia Orlandi inhibitory concentration, minimum fungicidal concentration, and SARDI(b) rate of biofilm development were used to evaluate antifungal activity. Denise Madalena Palomari Results were obtained from analysis of the biofilm using the cell (a) SPOLIDORIO proliferation assay 2,3-Bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H- tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) and confocal laser scanning (a) Universidade Estadual Paulista – Unesp, microscopy (CLSM). Terpinen-4-ol and TTO inhibited C. albicans School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Department of Physiology and Pathology, growth. CLSM confirmed that 17.92 mg/mL of TTO and 8.86 mg/mL Araraquara, SP, Brazil of terpinen-4-ol applied for 60 s (rinse simulation) interfered with (b) Universidade Estadual de Campinas – biofilm formation. Hence, this in vitro study revealed that natural Unicamp, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, substances such as TTO and terpinen-4-ol present promising results Department of Physiological Sciences, for the treatment of oral candidiasis. -
The Impact of a Changed Legislation on Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions in Sweden, with Focus on Nurses Reporting
The impact of a changed legislation on reporting of adverse drug reactions in Sweden, with focus on nurses reporting Sofia A. Karlsson, Ingela Jacobsson, Marit Danell Boman, Katja M. Hakkarainen, Henrik Lövborg, Staffan Hägg and Anna K Jönsson Linköping University Post Print N.B.: When citing this work, cite the original article. The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com: Sofia A. Karlsson, Ingela Jacobsson, Marit Danell Boman, Katja M. Hakkarainen, Henrik Lövborg, Staffan Hägg and Anna K Jönsson, The impact of a changed legislation on reporting of adverse drug reactions in Sweden, with focus on nurses reporting, 2015, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, (71), 5, 631-636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-015-1839-6 Copyright: Springer Verlag (Germany) http://www.springerlink.com/?MUD=MP Postprint available at: Linköping University Electronic Press http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-118037 The impact of a changed legislation on reporting of adverse drug reactions in Sweden, with focus on nurses’ reporting Sofia A Karlsson1, Ingela Jacobsson2, Marit Danell Boman3, Katja M Hakkarainen4,5, Henrik Lövborg2, Staffan Hägg2,5, Anna K Jönsson2 Affiliations: 1. Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden 2. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden 3. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden 4. Nordic School of -
Assessing the Availability, Service Quality, and Price of Essential Medicines In
Assessing the Availability, Service Quality, and Price of Essential Medicines in Private Pharmacies in Afghanistan Norio Kasahara A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2015 Reading Committee: Louis P. Garrison, Jr., Chair Joseph B. Babigumira Andy Stergachis Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research and Policy ©Copyright 2015 Norio Kasahara ii Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................ .................................................................................. ............... vvv Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ................................................................................. ............ viiviivii Summary ................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................... -
Antifungal Agents in Agriculture: Friends and Foes of Public Health
biomolecules Review Antifungal Agents in Agriculture: Friends and Foes of Public Health Veronica Soares Brauer 1, Caroline Patini Rezende 1, Andre Moreira Pessoni 1, Renato Graciano De Paula 2 , Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa 3, Siddaiah Chandra Nayaka 4, Vijai Kumar Gupta 5,* and Fausto Almeida 1,* 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil; [email protected] (V.S.B.); [email protected] (C.P.R.); [email protected] (A.M.P.) 2 Department of Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES 29047-105, Brazil; [email protected] 3 Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India; [email protected] 4 Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India; [email protected] 5 Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia * Correspondence: [email protected] (V.K.G.); [email protected] (F.A.) Received: 7 July 2019; Accepted: 19 September 2019; Published: 23 September 2019 Abstract: Fungal diseases have been underestimated worldwide but constitute a substantial threat to several plant and animal species as well as to public health. The increase in the global population has entailed an increase in the demand for agriculture in recent decades. Accordingly, there has been worldwide pressure to find means to improve the quality and productivity of agricultural crops. Antifungal agents have been widely used as an alternative for managing fungal diseases affecting several crops. However, the unregulated use of antifungals can jeopardize public health. -
Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. Page 1 of 13 HIGHLIGHTS OF
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION ---------------------DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS---------------------- CLENPIQ oral solution: Each bottle contains 10 mg of sodium picosulfate, These highlights do not include all the information needed to use ® 3.5 g of magnesium oxide, and 12 g of anhydrous citric acid in 160 mL of CLENPIQ safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for solution (3) CLENPIQ. -------------------------------CONTRAINDICATIONS------------------------------ ® • Patients with severe reduced renal impairment (creatinine clearance less CLENPIQ (sodium picosulfate, magnesium oxide, and anhydrous citric than 30 mL/minute) (4, 5.3, 8.6) acid) oral solution • Gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction or ileus (4) Initial U.S. Approval: 2012 • Bowel perforation (4) • ----------------------------RECENT MAJOR CHANGES-------------------------- Toxic colitis or toxic megacolon (4) Indications and Usage (1) 08/2019 • Gastric retention (4) Dosage and Administration (2.1) 10/2019 • Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients in CLENPIQ (4) Dosage and Administration (2.2) 08/2019, 10/2019 Dosage and Administration, Day-Before Dosage Regimen (2.3) -----------------------WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS------------------------ Removed 10/2019 • Risk of fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, arrhythmia, seizures, and renal Warnings and Precautions (5.1) 08/2019 impairment: Encourage adequate hydration, assess concurrent medications, and consider laboratory assessments prior to and after use. (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, ----------------------------INDICATIONS AND USAGE--------------------------- 7.1) CLENPIQ® is a combination of sodium picosulfate, a stimulant laxative, and • Use in patients with renal impairment or taking concomitant medications magnesium oxide and anhydrous citric acid, which form magnesium citrate, that affect renal function: Use caution, ensure adequate hydration, and an osmotic laxative, indicated for cleansing of the colon as a preparation for consider testing. -
Summary of Product Characteristics
Health Products Regulatory Authority Summary of Product Characteristics 1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT Audaval 0.1% Ointment 2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One gram of ointment contains 1 mg of betamethasone (0.1% w/w) as valerate. For a full list of excipients, see section 6.1. 3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM Ointment Opaque ointment. 4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic Indications Audaval preparations are indicated for the treatment of: eczema in children over 1 year elderly and adults; including atopic and discoid eczemas; prurigo nodularis; psoriasis (excluding widespread plaque psoriasis); neurodermatoses, including lichen simplex, lichen planus; seborrhoeic dermatitis; contact sensitivity reactions; discoid lupus erythematosus and they may be used as an adjunct to systemic steroid therapy in generalised erythroderma. In general, ointment preparations are particularly appropriate for dry, lichenified or scaly skin conditions whereas a cream preparation may be more suitable in the case of moist or weeping lesions. 4.2 Posology and method of administration For topical use only. If no improvement is seen after two to four weeks, the diagnosis should be reconsidered and specialist referral may be necessary. Adults, adolescents and the elderly A small quantity of Audaval should be applied to the affected area one to three times daily as directed by physician until improvement occurs. It may then be possible to maintain improvement by applying once a day, or even less often, or by using the appropriate ready diluted (1 in 4) preparation, Audaval RD 0.025% Ointment. Allow adequate time for absorption after each application before applying an emollient. If no improvement is seen within two to four weeks, reassessment of the diagnosis, or referral, may be necessary. -
Endogenous Metabolites in Drug Discovery: from Plants to Humans
Endogenous Metabolites in Drug Discovery: from Plants to Humans Joaquim Olivés Farrés TESI DOCTORAL UPF / ANY 201 6 DIRECTOR DE LA TESI: Dr. Jordi Mestres CEXS Department The research in this T hesis has been carried out at the Systems Pharmacolo gy Group , within the Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB) at the Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB). The research presented in this T hesis has been supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación project BIO2014 - 54404 - R and BIO2011 - 26669 . Printing funded by the Fundació IMIM’s program “Convocatòria d'ajuts 2016 per a la finalització de tesis doctorals de la Fundació IMIM.” Agraïments Voldria donar les gràcies a tanta gent que em fa por deixar - me ningú. Però per c omençar haig agrair en especial al meu director la tesi, Jordi Mestres, per donar - me la oportunitat de formar part del seu laboratori i poder desenvolupar aquí el treball que aquí es presenta. A més d’oferir l’ajuda necessària sempre que ha calgut. També haig de donar les gràcies a tots els companys del grup de Farmacologia de Sistemes que he anat coneguent durants tots aquests anys en què he estat aquí, en especial en Xavi, a qui li he preguntat mil coses, en Nikita, pels sdfs que m’ha anat llençant a CTL ink, i la Irene i la Cristina, que els seus treballs també m’ajuden a completar la tesis. I cal agrair també a la resta de companys del laboratori, l’Albert, la Viktoria, la Mari Carmen, l’Andreas, en George, l’Eric i l’Andreu; de Chemotargets, en Ricard i en David; i altres membres del GRIB, com són l’Alfons, en Miguel, en Pau, l’Oriol i la Carina. -
WSAVA List of Essential Medicines for Cats and Dogs
The World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) List of Essential Medicines for Cats and Dogs Version 1; January 20th, 2020 Members of the WSAVA Therapeutic Guidelines Group (TGG) Steagall PV, Pelligand L, Page SW, Bourgeois M, Weese S, Manigot G, Dublin D, Ferreira JP, Guardabassi L © 2020 WSAVA All Rights Reserved Contents Background ................................................................................................................................... 2 Definition ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Using the List of Essential Medicines ............................................................................................ 2 Criteria for selection of essential medicines ................................................................................. 3 Anaesthetic, analgesic, sedative and emergency drugs ............................................................... 4 Antimicrobial drugs ....................................................................................................................... 7 Antibacterial and antiprotozoal drugs ....................................................................................... 7 Systemic administration ........................................................................................................ 7 Topical administration ........................................................................................................... 9 Antifungal drugs .....................................................................................................................