Published at UCSD December 2003 By the n.i.collective 36th Year of Publication

TeachingAssistants prepare to strike inside Unionprotests the University’s unfair labor and bargaining practices page2 As thispublication goes to press, versity’shandling of thebargaining U.S.Intervention inLatin America administrators,students, and instruc- process. torsat alleight University of Cali- BringHalliburton Home Beforethe Octoberstrike, the byNaomi Klein tbrniacampuses are preparing lbr a unionfiled 64 grievancesagainst strikecalled by the union representing the university,charging the UC page3 theUC system’steaching assistants, withthiling to honorbasic require- PressFreedom Falls Short in Iraq readers,and tutors. In a November mentsof the contractbargaining byRobert Fisk 25 pressrelease, the UnitedAuto process.Chuong-Dai Vo, a member WorkersLocal 2865, which repre- page4 of the UAW bargainingteam from TheChavez Government’s Economic sentssome 10,000 employees in the UCSD,chiims that the unionhas Policies UC system,stated that its bargaining "triedrepeatedly to get University byC.P. Pandya and Justin Podur teamhad "’voted unanimously to call negotiatorsto bargain in a produc- foran untP.iir labor practice strike at tive,cooperative, andlawful manner page5 allUC campuses."The strike, which withoutsuccess. That’s why we feel What’sDiebold Afraid of? byReia & Karantina isscheduled to begin during the week we haveno alternativebutto strike of December1, is expectedto impact at thistime--even though wc realize page8 theoperations of hundreds of courses thatit will be disruptive tothe entire MaoistInsurgency inNepal: Internal asthe Fall term comes to a close. universitycommunity." Dimensions Theaction may also impact other In additionto protestingtheUC’s byDr. Chitra K.Tiwari universityopcr~’.tions as unions rep- handlingof thebargaining process, resentingnurses, administrative staff, unionmembers have rejected Uni- andclerical workers have encouraged versityproposals to revampemploy- theirmembers to honorthe UAW’s cos"workload arbitration system and picketline. to prohibitthe UAW from striking in Theexpected strike follows a one- sympathywith other unions. daystrike carried out on October3, JinahKim, a TeachingAssistant inthe Warren College The UAW has receivedsupport a WritingProgram, grades a student paper. Hundreds of when academicstudent employees letterof supportfrom thirty Califor- academicstudent employees on theUCSD campus are walkedout in protestof proposed nialegislators, including District 78 expectedtogo on strike this week. contractchanges and of the Uni- AssemblywonlanChristine Kchoe. Politicalprisoners in Que se vayan todos... Chile on hunger strike Bolivia,gas, and neoliberal economics Thetiny Aynlara wonl~in in tileI’htza de Arnlassnliled :1I nle :IS she expl;lli~cdwhal 21 politicalprisoners in the Maximum thana year,despite having been cleared waswas wrong w’ilh lhe pl;iii lo export SecurityPrison ((’AS) of Santiagohave of thecharges :lg:linsl her twice, and is nainralgas froln t~Jolivia toNorth Anlerica declaredan indefinitehunger strike, demandingthat the courts finish process- throughthe Chilean port of Mejillones. puttingpressure on the governmentto ingher case within this year. Shehad a tableset up on theedge of the approvea law of pardonthat has been idle ThroughtOctober and November, squarewith flyers about the issues and in theSenate for nearly a year.The law titherprisoners and groupsof prison- collagesofnews articles and information, wouldmake political prisoners who have ershave been declaring hunger strikes and,along with several others was collect- beenimprisoned forover 10 yearseligible as well.The collective "’Kamina Libre", ingsignatures ona petitionand talking to tbrpardon and release. Most of the politi- fourex-members of the Mapu-[,autaropassers-byabout the issue. At thetime, 1 calprisoners who would benefit from the politicalparty imprisoned fortheir anti- hadno ideathat what the friendly woman hiwarc imprisoned for struggling against dictatorshipactivities, began their hunger in colorfulclothes was telling me about thePinochet dictatorship. strikeon 27 October,demanding l’reedom wouldrestllt in thelhll of a governmcnl Theprisoners who were arrested in the forall the Chilean and Mapuche political andnearly 100 deaths. 1980’sfighting for a returnto democracyprisoners.Four more collectives ofpoliti- Twomonths hirer, back at school,I wcrctried and sentenced twice (some up calprisoners joined the hunger strike 10 couldn’tget her ott" my mindas I scoured to lburtimes) on the samecharges, by November,demanding the approval of the theLatin American press tbr information militaryand civilian courts. They have lawof pardon,and several more individual aboutthe increasingly chaotic situation beendenied access to dueprocess, tor- prisonersare hunger striking aswell. in Boliviaas thegovernment responded turedin prisonboth before and after the Therehave been several solidarity withfierce repression to protests against Bythe time that the situation inBolivia endof themilitary regime, and have been actionsthroughout the country, rang- thegas exportphin. "1 giveGent two finallymade the U.S. papers. I had been deniedbasic rights in theprison, such as ingfrom street theater in thePlaza de weekstops," I was saying, to a friendwho lbllowingitfor almost a month in various visits,medical atten,ion, andthe ability la Constituci6nandart displays in the waslooking at me as thoughi was from LatinAmerican newspapers and the BBC. to communicatewith the outside world. Plazade Armasin Santiago,to marches Mars,"maybe three if he doessome seri- 1 didn’tsee a singlearticle about it in the Theyhave been denied access to lawyers in Valparaiso,to a protestin downtown ousass-saving." In retrospect, I should’vc U.S.media until the government of S~in- andthe right to defendthemselves against Santiagothat ended in skirmisheswith triedto betmoney on it,because Gonzalo chczde Lozadahad already fallen and the thecharges, have been conviced based on thepolice and nearly 30 arrests.Activists S~inchezde Lozada(known as "’Gent"and deathtoll was over 70. testimoniesobtained under torture, and arebringing drinking water to theprison "thegringo dictator") hlsted a week and a So whathappened in Holivia?From havehad to waityears for the charges forthe hunger strikers, and organizing halfas president tit"Bolivia. a politicalscience perspective, (toni againstthem to bcprocessed. solidarityactions outside the prison every I rememberwhen the governnlent of pushed hisagenda tOO t),lr vlHhoul ship- Internationalhuman rights groups have Sunday. l)cla Ruafell in Argentina,what a sur- pingIo considerwhat lie had support for. condemnedthe judicial process by which IrmaV61iz, a paramedicwho works priseit was.Several of thepeople who 1 I to waseleclcd in 2002 with just 22.4f¢% thepolitical prisoners were convicted, in the(’AS, is concernedfor the health knewthai actually noticed had Io lookat of thevole. Raised and educaled in the theirconditions andtreatment incaptivity, of the hungerstrikers, some of whom a mapto findwhere Argentina was, tile I!.S.,he hada stronglyneolibcral ideol- andthe long delay in theSenate of the law havealready lost over 251bs. "I’m wor- vastmajority had never heard lhe nanlc of ogy,promoting privalizalion and foreign ofpardon. ried,"she said, "because scvcral years thedeposed president, and no onehad the exploilalionof Bolivian resources, like PatriciaTroncoso, imprisoned for her ago,when they took away their right to slightestidea what had led tip to thepro- the"(’hicago boys" in (’hileand other activismin solidaritywith the Mapuche receivevisits, they were capable of a dry testsand subsequent regime change. The I,alinAmerican ncolibcrals educated in (indigenouspeople of southernChile) hungerstrike of ninedays. They ended up pressin theU.S. does an cerily effective theIJ.,~., he believedin a Reagan-esque cause,began a hungerstrike on 12 Octo- jobof filteringinformation and shaping ber.She has beenimprisoned for more continuedon page7 thepublic discourse. continuedon page 3 new indicator new indicator Page3

U.S. Interventionin Latin America the new indicator Under US Control, Press ducedpaper -and the stress must instructionsevery day from the be on the word"produced"--is ministerof infbrmation,telling .rigi.al/yp,,bli.&di. &,,.is;, by saidthat the entire hemisfero was in the Nicaraguauntil 1933, acting as police copywhich is printed without a byline Az-Zaman,which, roughly maybe assumed to representthe us whatto writeand whatnot "EstudiantesRebeldes" in Santiagode "sphereof influence"of the U.S, and if andtaking all the income from customs positionofthe new Indicator collective. Freedom Falls Short in Imq translated,means The Ageand to writeit justgot worse and Chile anyEuropean country intervened in the dutiesto pay the national debt. When they is run by SaadAI-Bazaz, the worseover the last 13 years.’" Americas,the U.S. would consider it a finallyleft, they were replaced bya brutal articlesandletters arewelcomed. by RobertFisk fbrmerIraqi diplomat who fell Noone suggests that .iournal- Burriedin the newsabout the receW. threatto the "’peace and security" of the andrepresive National Guard under the pleasetype them and send them to: ofthe Arab world, including Iraq me fromthe Convention Palace outwith Saddam and published Freedomof thepress is begin- itselt:The resistance andthe ter- ismunder the Anlcricans bears conflictin Boliviaand the resignation entireAmericas and respond accordingly. controlofAnastasio Somoza. [email protected] (theAmerican headquarters that hispaper from London through anyrelation to thosedays. But orto: ningto smella littlerotten in rorists,meanwhile, will still be of theBolivian president was a sentence Theydid nothing to to stopEngland from Withthe Cold War, the U.S. intervened alsohouses the station’s offices), thelong last years of Baathist Iraqiwriters fi:cl that the Brcmcr that,although not the least bit surpris- newIndicator collective thenew Iraq. A coupleof weeks ableto saywhat they want. What interveningin Latin America four times muchmore frequently to preventand B-023CStudent Center that’sall." rule.Bazaz was himselfthe "codeof conduct"lbrbidding ing,caught my attentionbecause of how ago,the Arabic AI-Jazeera tele- a perfectopportunity to pour As PatriceClaude of Lc more,but the doctrine was used later to overthrowmarxist governments and gov- LaJolla, CA92093 visionchannel received a phone tbrmereditor of Saddam’sAI- "intemperateisic) speech that incrediblyvague it wasand because all justifythe vast majority ofthe U.S. inter- ernmentswhich didn’t want to do what theirfootage onto the airwaves Mondenoted in hispaper, all Jumhouriyanewspaper, and one callfrom one of U.S.Proconsul andcapture the hearts and minds couldincite ~iolence" is an the newssources used the exact’;ame ventionsinLatin America. theU.S. told them to. They also trained theviews expresse~l inthis publication theAmerican-run media relier of hisformer colleagues on the exampleof "selectivedemoc- PaulBremer’s flunkies at the of lraqisdesperate for stability phrasewithout changing a word.The Afterthe Spanish-AmericanWar,the thousandsof LatinAmerican military aresole~ those of the new Indicator to theauthorities as"the forces oldBaathist rag, Nada Shawqat, racy,"smlilar in spiritif notm UnitedStates, they said, was sending a collective.whilethepublisher of presidentialpalace compound. andsome leadership." of liberation,"even though the PlattAmendment of theconstitution of personelin the"School of theAmericas", thispublication Isrecognii~d asa is nowthe editorial supervisor effectto thecensorship under "smallteam of securityspecialists" to The stationhad to answera Thingsare no betterin the foreignpress- including the newly-independentCuba gave the U.S. whoused their training to commitatro- campusstudent ocganizatlon atthe seriesof questionsin 24 hours, tbr Az-Zamanin Baghdad."We Saddam. La Paz.What is thatsupposed to mean? theright to meddlein Cubanaffairs and universityofcidifornle, sandiego, the American-runtelevision and NewYork Times- refer to them cioushuman rights violations. In Chile, itsreporters weretold. havea circulationof 50,000 Accordingto journalist Hopefullythey’re not the same "security to maintaina military base on theisland. viewsexpressed inits publiciKlon do radiostations in Baghdad.The as "occupationforces." The in Baghdad,another 15,000 in forexample, 1 out of 7 agentsin thecom- notrepresent those of ~ the "Theyinsisted that if we KhadhimAchrash, "’the deci- specialists"whohave left a trailof deaths, TheCuban economy was, from then until mandstructure of the DINA (the inthmous 357 journalistsworking from UnitedStates has supposedly Basra,each edition carrying 12 siondoesn’t fit with the U.S. universityofctdifomle, theregents, their didn’tgo to them,they’d come theBremer palace grounds have disappearances,torture and politicial pris- therevolution, very dependent on goods secretservice) were trained in theSchool officers,oremployee~ eachpublication alreadyspent just over 21 mil- pagesof foreignand Arab news announcementthat they came onersthroughout theAmericas for the last importedfrom the U.S. --these increased for us,"one of AI-Jazeera’stwicegone on strikefor more lionpounds sterling on Iraq’s and eightof localnews," she of theAmericas. bearsthe ~1 ~ responsibilityfor Its reporterstold The Independent. hereto liberateIraq and set up a twocenturies. from$15 million in 1898to $131million Therecently declassified training man- content. pay and have complainedof newaudiovisual output, but the says."It’s good to feel like a real democraticsystem." TheU.S. involvement in Latin America And comethey did--todrive censorship.According to one in 1914. ualsfrom the School of theAmericas and Iraqistaff say they’ve not seen journalistatlast." Manyof thenew papers carry’ beganin 1797,increasing exports from WhenWalker invaded Nicaragua, it thestation’s employees to the of thereporters, they were told the money.When Le Monde’s But allnews decisions are the U.S.Southern Command in Panama palace,where they were handed a menuof gossipand entertain- 3% to 12%when Spain liberalized trade wasbecause he thoughtthat the canal havedetailed torture techniques, andrec- by John Sandrock--headof man in Baghdadasked Sandrock made in Az-Zaman’sLondon mentand storiesof the old inits colonies. Inaddition totrade, during wasgoing to be builtthrough Nicaragua a sheetof paperasking if they the privateAmerican company tbran explanation,he declined offices,and the papernever comendthe "neutralization" of student had beengiven advance notice regime.One of the first, terrible the19th century, the U.S. was buying and insteadof Panama.Since the U.S. gov- SAIC,which runs the television torespond. refersto the"occupation," only andunion leaders, along with other mem- of"terrorist attacks" orhad paid reportsof Saddam’satrocities conqueringmany of theterritories that ernmentknew that the canalwas going station-that "either you accept On thesurlhce, of course, to the "coalition,"America’s bersof civilsociety, including mayors and "terrorists"forinformation. toldof histreatment of soldiers arecurrently make up thecountry. They to be throughPanama, in 1903,they policechiefs. They explain how to intil- whatwe offeror you resign; Bremer’spublicity men can ownfavored expression for the accusedof cowardicein the boughtLouisiana en 1806and pansof beganto encouragethe independence of AI-Jazeera---alongwithits thereare plenty of candidates for boastof a thrivingnew free armiesof theUnited States and trateorganizations andhow to organize rivalchannel, AI-Arabiya--had 1980-88Iran-lraq war. Two New Mexicoand Texasin 1853.They Panama(which belonged to Colombiaat yourjobs." press--atleast 106 new news- itsallies inIraq. Bazaz still lives chillingphotographs taken by a guerillamovement (like the Contras in alreadybeen denouncedby conqueredi:lorida in 1819,a hugechunk thetime) so thatthey could control the Needlesstosay, the television papersin Baghdadalone, many in London,where Az-Zaman was Saddam’sown military intelli- Nicaraguain the 80’s). They teach tech- the U.S.-appointedGoverning of Mexico(Califbrnia, Nevada, Arizona, futt.recanal. Nicaragua, meanwhile, was "news"is a miserableaflhir that of themsponsored by political printedfor years in exile.Two genceofficers showed a firing niquesfor assasination andinterrogation, Council,currently led by the New Mexico& Texas)m 1848,and Guam, invadedby theU.S. In 1912.An American andhave examples of propaganda. oftenPails to makeany mention partiesor by men who want otherpapers-- the Iraqi National partyexecuting a line ot’soldiers convictedfraudster Ahmed Cha- PuertoRico, the Phillipines andHawaii in businessin Nicaraguahad overthrown the Thesemanuales and theentire con- of thegrowing violence and anti- to becomepoliticians. Some Congress"AI-Moutamar and the andan officergiving the coup de 1989.The first military intervention in governmentin 1909when the president labi,and punished for allegedly Americanattacks in lraqthat havecalled for a jihadagainst KurdishAl-lttihad have also ceptof theSchool of theAmericas come provocativeprograms by being graceto a still-livingmanas he current-dayLatin America was in 1855, cancelledan agreementwith another everyforeign journalist-- and the Americansand have been comeout of foreign exile to print layon the ground. directlyfrom Project X, the training bannedfrom the council’s press when the businessmanWilliam Walker U.S.-basedcompany and threatened programfor LatinAmerican soldiers mostIraqi newspapers report. visitedby Americanofficers in Baghdad. ManyIraqi journalists believe conferencestbrtwo weeks. invadedNicaragua with a privatearmy, onewith this one. in 1912,the marines andintelligence agents that lasted until When a bomb blew up in askingwhy. Others have car- Shawqatstayed at herpost at thesemi-legal "’press syndicate" Then the same council-- declaredhimself president, and ruled fbr invadedNicaragua to defendthe presi- the 60’s,when it was abandoneddue to partof a mosquein Fallujah riedblatantly untruthfnl stories the SaddamitcAI Jumouriyah takingshape in Baghdad is still twoyears until he wasoverthrown. dent,Adoifo Diaz (an employeeof that obviouslyon Bremer’sinstruc- lastmonth, for example--kill- aboutthe occupationarmy, untilthe very last day of the war, Baathistat rootalthough others its humanrights abuses. Large pans of tionslisted a seriesof "do’s’" Meanwhile,the MonroeDoctrine company)from the constitutional forces ingat leastthree men---local claimingthat U.S. soldiers have April9, whenits offices were sayit couldbc usedto enacta {declaredm 1823 by PresidentMonroe), and"’don’ts" for all the media, residentsclaimed the building beeninvolved in distributing tryingto regaincontrol. They stayed in continuedon nextpage lootedand burnedand when new presslaw thatwould take rangingfrom a prohibitionon had beenhit by a rocketfrom pornographicpictures toschool- its archives-which included censorshipout of Bremer’s incitingviolence all the way to a an Americanjet. The Americans girlsor takingIraqi women to thepaper’s own reports of the hands.Jalal AI-Mashta, the banon reporting onthe rebirth of thisdetail, the US army’sLaw of Land deniedthis. But no mentionof the bedroomsof thePalestine 1983meeting between Donald editorof An-Nahda,blames theBaath Party or speechesby Bring Halliburton Home Warfarestates that "the occupant does not the incidentwas madeon the Hotel.One problem is thatmany Rumsfeldand Saddam--were much of the problemon the Saddam.As columnistHassan havethe right of saleor unqualifieduse American-controlledmedia in journalistsforthe Iraqi papers destroyed. speedof transition. Fattahremarked about the Baghdad.Asked 1br an expla- by Naomi Klein authorityhas shredded that simple rule of[non-military] property". This is pretty areeither converts from the old Shawqatsaid that under "’Thelong-muzzled Iraqi withgleeful defiance. council’spunishment of the two nation,ncwsreader Fadl ltatta regimeor newwriters who have Saddam,she had somefreedom presswas nonprofessional and Cancelthe contracts. Ditch the deals. Rip straightforward:bombing something does Iraq’sconstitution outlaws the priva- notgive you the right to sell it. Arabchannels, "the council and AI-Timinireplied: "’1 don’t know nojournalistic training in thir- towrile - until his two sons, Udai tightlycontrolled, then suddenly up therules. Those are just a fewof the tisationof keystate assets, and it bars theinterim council ~ill be silent tile answerto that I’mhere to hessor (actchecking. andQusai. took an interestin the it becametree," he said suggestionsfor slogans that could help Thereis everyindication that the CPA for twoweeks, Ilmmghoul much foreignersfrom owning Iraqi firms. No is wellaware of thelawlessness of its readthe news thal’s brought to Themost professionally pro- press."Then we startedgetting Fornow, at least. unifythe growing movement against the plausibleargument can be madethat the privatisationscheme. In a leakedmemo occupationof Iraq. So far, activist debates CPA was "absolutelyprevented" from have focusedon whetherthe demand writtenon March26, the British attor- respectingthose laws, and yet two months ney general,Lord Goldsmith,warned Interventionin Latin America: hating propaganda, massacares thefact that the flip-side ofthe shouldbe fora completewithdrawal of of civilians, sabotage and terror-Bolivia: ago,the CPA overturnedthem unilater- TonyBlair that "the imposition of major fromprevious page "’neoliberaltrickle-down model" troops,or forthe United States to cede ally. ing shellm the reefwhere Castro ism to weakenthe governmentfrom front page is the"nationalize everything powerto theUnited Nations. structuraleconomic reforms would not be tileSOA manualswere copied On September19, Bremer enacted the authorisedbyinternational law". swam.The CIA also offered the of theFSLN. model."When tile U.S. press Butthe "troops out" debate overlooks straightfrom the Project X man- nowinfamous Order 39. It announcedthat So far,most of thecontroversy sur- Mafia$150,000 to killCastro. In additionto coupsand trickle-downeconomic model, finallypicked up the story, they an importantPact. If everylast soldier 200Iraqi state companies would be priva- uals,without changing anything. In 1961, theattempted invasion militaryinterventions, theU.S. claimingthat the profits that hada fieldday ridiculing thesilly pulledout of the Gulftomorrow and a roundingIraq’s reconstruction has tised;decreed that foreign firms can retain focusedon thewaste and corruption in the The U.S.prommotes abuses of at Bayof Pigstailed. II00 of intervenesin elections, paying mulitnationalswot.ld gain from Bolivians~tlo want to national- sovereigngovernment came to power, 100%ownership of Iraqibanks, mines humanrights, training represivc tile1300 invaders were taken $20 millionfbr the campaign sellingBolivian gas would even- izc tilegas resourccs...because Iraqwould still be occupied:by laws awardingof contracts.This badly misses andfactories; and allowed these firms to thescope of tileviolation: even if the forcesand overthrowing demo- prisoner,and 141 died, without of EduardoFrei in Chilein tuallyfind their way back to the theyjusl don’t understand lhal writtenin theinterest of another country; move100% of theirprofits out of fraq. sell-offof lraqwere conducted with full craticgovermnents. constitutinga threat to the gov- 1964,t, singpropaganda and masses.Right. thereis moregas lhan can bc by,foreign corporations controlling its Alteran unsuccessful attenlpt ernment, TheEconomist declared the new rulesa transparencyandopen bidding, it would demonstrationsin Jamaica in Witha mandateof only22%, usedjust m Bolivia.The BB(" essentialservices: by 70%unemployment "capitalistdream". to overthrowthe government of TheU.S. intervened in Ecua- 1980so MichaelManley would hc had nowherenear the popu- too,seemed to thinkthat the sparkedby publicsector layoft~. ’stillbe illegal tbr the simple reason that Order39 violatedthe Hagueregula- Iraqis not America’s tosell. Jost~Figueres in CostaRica m dor in IO61to overthrowthe lose,giving money to Eugenia larsupport lhal a planlike his conceptof "’gasboliviam) para Any movementserious about Iraqi tionsin otherways as well.The conven- 1953,the CIA directed a coup govermncntof tloseVelasco Charlesill 1980 in Dominicaso gas phm wouldhave required. losboli~mnos" was about keep- self-determinationmustcall not only Thesecurity council’s recognition of tionstates that occupying powers "shall theUnited States" and Britain’s occupa- thatoverthrew’ the govermncnt lbarra,in BritishGuiana OliverSeraphim would lose. and Not onlywas the planhighly ingall the ,,as in Boliviafor foran endto Iraq’smilitary occupation, be regardedonly as administratorand of JacoboArbenz (;uznlan between1962-4 to overthrowthe interveningin the Nicaraguan controversial,with nearly the personaluse, and had nothing to butto itseconomic colonisation as well. tionauthority provides no legalcover. usufructuaryof public buildings, real TheUN resolutionpassed in Mayspecifi- Guatemala(where they released govermnentof Cheddi Jagan, in electionsin1990 so the Sandini- entirecountry opposed to it,but do withthe idea that maybe the Thatmeans reversing the shock therapy estate,forests and agricultural estates (’heGuevara from jail because Brazilduring the same period to staswould lose. supportlbr his govermnent had Boliviansshould get the profits reformsthat US occupationchief Paul callyrequired the occupying powers to belongingtothe hostile state, and situated "complyfully with their obligations under copyleftnotice’-""-- "’hewasn’t anyone importantk overthrowJoao Goulart, in the Theintervention of the U.S. alreadyfallen lower than the fromtheir natural resources Bremerhas fraudulentlypassed off as in theoccupied country. It mustsafeguard Thedictatorship that follwed DominicanRepublic in 1963 in LatinAmerica and througout 22%he waselected with. insteadof handingthem over "reconstruction",andcancelling all pri- internationallawincluding inparticular thecapital of theseproperties, andadmin- theGeneva conventions of 1949 and the was,for 30 years,one of the to overthrowJuan Bosch (and theworld is stillgoing on. ! So whythe opposition to the to British(;as, RepsoI-YPF vatisationcontracts that are flowing from isterthem in accordancewith the rules of Hagueregulations of 1907". mostbrutal military regiemes againin 1965 with 22,000 troops don’tknow what the "security gas plan?Everyone has their {Spainand Argentina)and Pan thesereforms. usufruct." of thecentury, with thousands to preventthe constitutional specialists"aredoing in Bolivia,own opinon,ranging from my AmericanEnergy {USA). If I fow cansuch an ambitiousgoal be Accordingto a growingnumber of Bouvier’sLaw Dictionarydefines internationallegal experts, that means andthousands of disappearanceslorcesfrom regaining power), butthey’re training the army in friend’srich Bolivian boyfriend nationalized,theprofits from the achieved?Easy: by showingthat Bremer’s "usufruct"(possibly the ugliest word in and summaryexecutions. This andin Ecuadorin 1963to over- Nepalin "counterinsurgency",whotold me that"it’s just that gascould be usedto fundsocial reformswere illegal to beginwith. They thatif thenext Iraqi government decides theEnglish language) as an arrangementit doesn’twant to be a whollyowned interventionin Guatemala was throwCarlos Julio Arosemena. killingcivilians in lraqand 70°/,,of the population isindig- programsor createjobs in the clearlyviolate the international conven- thatgrants one party the right to use and subsidiaryof Bechtel and Halliburton, it motivatedby economicinter- Theyspent at least$8,400,000 in Afghanistan,giving money and enousand they’renot capable poorestcountry on thecontinent, tiongoverning the behaviourof occu- derivebenefit from another’s property willhave powerful legal grounds to rena- ests- Guatemalawas goingto Chilefinancing the coup which weaponsto the soldiersand ofunderstanding wha*,’s best for insteadof leavingthe country to pyingforces, the Hagueregulations of "withoutaltering the substance of the tionaliseassets that were privatised under nationalizelands being used by overthrewSalvador Allende paramilitariesthatkill civilians thecountry" to a Chileanfriend benefitforeign investors. 1907(the companion to the1949 Geneva thing".Put more simply, if youare a hous- CPAedicts. an Americancorporation, and in 1973,and organizeda coup in Colombia,spying and con- whoargued that "there is no way Anotherpan of the opposi- conventions,both ratified by theUnited esitter,you can eat the food in the fridge, JulietBlanch, global head of energy thecorporation wanted them to in Grenadawhich overthrew spiringfrom the U.S. embassies thatthe Bolivians should let the tion,which is ignoredby basi- States),as wellas the US army’sown butyou can’t sell the house and turn it into andinternational arbitration forthe huge paymore for the land. MauriceBishop in 1980,one in everycountry, and torturing yankeesnear their gas, because callyeveryone except for the codeof war. condos.And yet that is justwhat Bremer internationallawfirm Norton Rose, says Cubahas survived much U.S. in Guatemalawhich overthew prisonersof war in the U.S. mili- oncethey have it, they’ll come Chileanpress {and now Hugo The Hagueregulations state that an is doing:what could more substantially thatbecause Bremer’s reforms directly Interventionsince 1959. The Angel AnibalGuevara, and tarybase in Cuba.What are you to dependon it andwill do any- Chfivezand KofiAnnan), who occupyingpower must respect "unless alter"the substance" ofa publicasset than contradictIraq’s constitution, they are CIAhas tried to assasinate Fidel anotherin Bolivato overthrowgoingto do to stopthem? thingto maintaincontrol of it didn’tseem to be ableto focus absolutelyprevented, the laws in force toturn it into a privateone? Castrocountless times, using CelsoTorrelio. The U.S. also -justlook at poor iraq.". onanything else, is thefact that inthe country". The coalition provisional In casethe CPA was still unclear on continuedon Page6 techniquessuch as poisoned trainedand financed the Contras My takeon it is thata large cigarsand food, and an explod- in Nicaraguainthe 80’s, coordi- partof theopposition is due to continuedon page4 new indicator

The Chavez Government’s Economic Policies If "Perceptionis Reality"From the DieboLd Emaits: by C.:/.~/~lndyaa,tddcclinc set in that still has m)t billion. Thcnon-oilseclorlost whati$ Diebold Afraid of? D|sregardforEtections/Election Law J.sti,Pod.r beenreversed. That trend began about $1.19 billion and the Despiteattempts by theW.’nezu- witha declinein internationaloil governmentsaid that as a result elanoppositlOll and the US busi- pricesand an increasein interna- of thevirtual shut down o1" the by Reia & Karantina I’akenfrom an e-mailto the "bugtrack" list nesspress to paintthe (’havez tionalinterest rates in a country economy(,1neaning little revenue alsoco,1nments on thc succcss Diebold’sclaim of copyright dated~u, 2 Sep1999flora T. SF-IMC go\crnnlent as theCilUSe of Vell- dependenton oil exportsand was comingin) it would have of the openpublishing system infringementfro,in linking to employedby the hndy,1nedia ezuela’seco,11olnic proble,1ns, the borrowingtbr finance.Chavez trouble,1ncctmg $5 billionin inlbnnationposted elsewhere o,11 Somewhere9in GENSthere must be a settingto causethe foltowin econonriccrisis m Venezuela, isnot the first Venezuela,11 presi- debtobligatio,11s for200Y Recentlya stringof leaked ncwswire,stating thal ;.,1 third theWeb is ridiculous,and even happen:race is a votefor one; write-in voting in attowed;voter votes and indeedthroughout the poor dentto theecapital llight nor thc Soonafter the national strike e-mailshas cometo lightthat mirrorhad been added by a user 1notesilly is theclaim that wc forboth a namedcandidate and the write-in space; race is nottreated cotnltries,is nlorewidespread, firstto applyexchange co,11trols: beganin I)cce,1nbcr2002, lbr- arc creatingpanic amongst the betweenthe time lhe letter~as as an ISPcould bc liablelbr our asan overvote,but instead the vote is givento thewrite-in space. This deeper,and honger-rnntm]gthan "’capitalflight reached historical eign exchangeanalysts esti- executivesof DieboldElection draftedand the time it wassent client’sweb links." is a requirementof North Carolina election law. I wasof theopin- anytl,1in~lhal Call be attributed levelsat the eml 1.11" 1982 with I+rS ,1natedthe bolivar would slip to Syste,1ns.Diebold is thesecond to OP(i. ion(as was the GEMS documentation dated 6/30/98) that the way to a singh."regilne. A quick hook S8 billi1,mleaving the country. VI:B20()()per dollar by the largest,and lhstestgrowing AInongstthe revelations No Paper]’rail causethis to happenwas to setthe Write-In setting (under AccuVote at theecononlics of VcnezuChl’s Thegover,1nnenl forced the slalc of 2003because of theconstanl electronicvoting corporation in withinthese me,1nos is theh,1ck Options)to Override.I was wrong. Is therea placeto setthe AccuVote ncighd~ours (’1,flotnbia,or oilconlpa,11y to repatriate lbrcign politicMuncertainty lolncnted the world,and producestouch of securityagainst talnpermg Anotherof thenmior complaints forthe behavior required by theRorth Carolina election code? If not, Brazil- shmvstllat Venezuela reserves ill .~nl attenlpl to shore by thebusiness elite. The threat scree,11voting stations used m withinthe program and, in filet, b~ electlonic",oting cxperls and thereshould be immediately.This has been noticed by oneof theNorth lldx I"11,1 lnonoptd).1,111 l~roblelns 37 statesin the country.Touch praiselbr security modilications up thedomestic currency. ]he,1+ 31.11"a steadilydevahued current conrputerscientists isthe hick 1.11" CaroLinacustomers in preparation fortheir October municipal elections. [ikc po\er1~,inflation, unem- in 1983.l,uis Ilerrera (’alnpiltS screenvoting booths will sound by eleclionofficials in Washing- broughtI~2i,1,1"s of massi’~e capital VenezuelanPresident Hugo Chavez addresses the UN in 2001 auditing,1.)1 proof, thi,11 is done. Novemberelections follow immediatety. I’mwilling to letit rideuntit l)h,~ylncnt,a,11d social probh.’tns ( President1979-1984) imposed flightand flight i1.)quality. (4) talniliarto many Californian tonstate. The engineer, (’lark, To putit simply, the,1e is no proof afterNovember, but I wouldUke salesto weighin on theissue to like,, ioh.’11t crinre. a tieredsystem 1.11" exchange As im,’estorsbegan hook- Venezuela.again, wits in an eco- of poor,out of workcitizens and votersbecause these were the in oneof hise-mails, addresses thalthe voter’s actual choice is determinebow muchdamage this may cause. If thisfunctionality (hegory Wilpert recently controlswith the cheapest rate - ingto buydollars and close up n1.)rniccrisis and at the ,1nercy of indebtedgovernments. sa,1nenlachines that were used securityconcel"laS whel~ he says registered.There can be ilo hasnever been in place,no oneseemed to noticein thethree accounts pulqished:tl] asseSSlllellt 1.11" 1orthe i,1’nport ofcsselltial goods dealsin Venezuela,the central fo,1eigninvestors and elites. The I:oreignreserves are also throughoutthe stateduriwg the "’Jane(I thJl]kit was.lane) did recounl,i,1nd 111.) proof of ~oling. usingGEblS in 1998(Ashe, Avery, Iredell). Several North Carolina the(’have/ goxernlnent’s fight - setat 7 bolivarsto thedollar." bank in January2003 suspended opposition’scharacterization bei,11gprcscrved and rcplcnished Oct.7th Recall Election. some lhncy rootwork(111 the Accordingto a lenglhyinter\ Jew accountshave now upgraded to GEMSor havetheir service bureau work againstpoxert) (I). tie argues 13) This devaluationfrom 4.3 auctio,11s1.)1" dollars. Foreig,11 thatthe cunencycomrols are a throughcontrols on creditcard Diebold,1nachines were also .indblilt in (iastonrecently. conductedby WillianlRivers doneon GEMS(namely HaLifax, Harnett, Edgecombe, Franklin, Rowan, that (+lla~.c/, on conlingto power bolivarsto thedolhtr made debt reserves,which act as a bt,1tt’cr retaliatory,1neasure by (’havez spe,11ding.The (’havczgovem- usedin theGeorgia 2002 general knov¢our dealersdo it. King Pilt with Rebecca Mercuri, Richmond).Also, we’ve run into a bitof troubleat theN.C. State Board in 191,~9.inherited an econotny repaylncntsmore difficult, and againstthe flight 1.)I" inoney and to punishthe privatebusiness nlcntis limitingthe amountof electionswith disaslrous results. (’ounl}is fanlousfor il. Thal’s BarbaraSi,1nons, and l)avid Dill, of Elections(albeit over an entirelydifferent issue of AccuVotebehav- thatwas undergoillg a long-term corruptio,11cost the country $11 investment,stood at $11.05bil- sectorbears little stea,1n. The ,1honeyVcnezuelans can spend Voterswere helpless when they why we’venever put a password all notedcolnputer scientists. ior).Robert P. hadto do a bitof tapdandng to keepthem off our trend towardsIncreasing pox- billionUSI) in tbrcignreserves lionon Jan.20, 2003down from bureaucraticburdens and fnan- whiletraveling abroad to $2,000 triedto picktheir choice, but saw on tltefie belbre." After lhe leak thesyste,1n can bc signifcantlybacks. ertv,misel T, andinequality, llc .(3) $ I 1.93billion at thebeginning of ciallosses the business elite arc a year, meaningthe currency only the Republicancandidate of the,1ne,1nos King (’ounty elec- improvedby simplyprinting a EDITOR:emphasis not present in originalmemo. argues,further, lhal Venezuela To dealwith this"crisis", 2003,according to centralbank facingin thewake of thesecon- controlscannot be circumvented receivingthe vote.There were tionchief, l)ean Logan, vowed paperballot alter each vote is under Chavczhas nlanagedto President(’arlos Andres F’erez, statistics.Such rapid decreases trolsare an after-effectof their by eliteslooking to exchange also numerousproblems with to resolvesecurity issues, and in castand that the voter can verify Takenfrom an e-mail to the "bugtrack" list achieveso,1ne success in lighting electedin 1988.delivered lhe in capitalprompted the (’haven intendedpurpose: to protectthe bolivarsfor dollars.Under the ,1nachinesboth missing and not factlimited elnployee access to anddrop into a ballotbox. These datedSat, 9 Oct1999from T. povertythrough redistributive countryover to IMF orthodoxy. governmentto revertback to the economyfrom capital flight. As restrictions,thegovermnent will working.Workers were censored votingnmchines prior to lheday paperballots can enable a suc- policieslike rural and urban land Privatization,public spendmg now-thmiliarpolicy of applying historyhas shown, the applica- heavilyfine anyonespending from speakingwith politicmns of election. cessfulrecount. (’unently this Badnews, everyone. Georgia will certify whatever is certi- relbrm,micro-credit lending, cuts.liberalization, andderegu- currencycontrols. tionof thesecurrency controls is overthe $2,000 limit. who mightoppose the political is ,11otpossible because any bugs fiedby Nichots.They are also one of thosestates whose State Board of publiceducation, food distribu- lationfollowed. The economy Thistime around, a state-run one of the few monetarypolicy The move, while incon- orientationof the Dieboldman- What’sthe panicabout? in theoriginal programming will Electionsis a stickierfor using the "certified release" and nothing eLse tion+and health clinics. contractedby 8.6% and general currencycontrols board, known tools the governmenthas to sequentialto the majorityof age,1nent. influencethe electronic source of (ratherLike Horida although not quite as fascisticabout it). Gwinnett In its anti-povertyfght, poverty went from 43.9% in as theCadivi, was set up to sell protectthe economyfrom the Venezuelanstoo poorto travel Alterthe Californiarecall What was revcaled indepen- therecount as well.According to Countywas here for training last week and I didn’teven show them how (’havcz’seconomic team has had 1988to 66.5%of thepopulation dollarsto companiesthat pass its whimsof intemationfilinvestors abroad,has angered the business elections officials worked dentlyby bothBeverly ttarris RebeccaMercuri, whe,11 the pro- toupgrade off the FTP site. If this fix will be in"the next GEMS release", to grapplewith a verydifficult in 1989.(3) Not onlydid these strictguidelines at theofficial and theirdomestic puppets. To elite.Fedcameras - theleading aroundthe clocktrying to sort {authorof Black Box Voting, posalof printinga ballot receipt then"the next GEMS release" should be theone going to Hicholsfor problem:what can a poor coun- measuresfail to solvethe prob- rate of 1,598 bolivarsto the banks and brokerages,foreign businessgroup - and Consecom- out problemswith malfunction- availableonline in pdf lbrmat at the end of each vote was certification.Sorry to haveto dropthis one, but there’s the facts. If trymanage to do in a neoliberal lems they purportedlyhad set dollar.Venezuelans privileged governmentsand institutional ercio- theleading retail umbrella mg machines.There have also here) and by the memos is broughtto Dieboldthey replied anyonehas a betteridea how to getaround this certification issue > c’Olllexl’. ]’he poor countriesare outto solve(ie., inflation), bul enoughto travelabroad (a small lenders,poor comltrieslike group- havepushed hard for an been problems with poorly ridiculouslycasy way to ta,1npcr thatit wouldbe to1,)expensive to (notat allunlikely), speak up. Gwinnett has been trained on GEMS oftensaddled with large exter- theyhad devastating side cffects percentage,given that in 1997 Venezuela(coldly referred to overturnof thecurrency controls trainedemployees. The Diebold withthe electionresults. Both installprinters in theirmachines. eventhough it’s not yet certified based upon the premise that it wilt be naldebts the form of loansand +" on thepopulation. 67% livedon less than $2 USD as "emergingmarkets ) arejust and will go to great lengths enlployeemanual specifically sourcesclearly indicate that the Laterit becameobvious that the certifiedby thetime they implement. 6winnett expects to beginabsen- interestpayinents inade possible The presidentwho preceded a day) mustbuy dollarson the anothertbrm of investmentto to see thesepolicies changed. statesthat "you will be consid- auditreports of the computer inachinesCOlne inslalled with teevoting for their Presidential Preference Primary on 3anuary 20. Nost b) lendingmstitutio,11s like the (’havcz,Ralhel Caldera, again blackmarket, where thc going pullin and out of in timesof Fedcameras,incidentally, was a eredthe parago,11 of knowledge thattallies the results fnml all of printersas it is butIhey are only of therest of Georgia’scounties probably don’t care whether they’re 1M F. If theywant t1.1 develop and facedmassive capital flight, due rateis aboutVEB2.500. boo,inand bust. The real impli- leaderof the strike and o,11e of its andauthority...even though you thetouch screen results ca,11 he usedat theslarl imd end (1t" the usinga certifiedrelease or not(Chatham County doesn’t even gen- reduce unelnployment,speed to a bankingcrisis. [)evah,1mg Thenlove to tixthe bolivar to ci,1tionsof suchwhimsy can be nlavbe theleast qualified person changedby an oll-the-shelfve,1- election1.1aV. The i,1hnost rhetori- erateseparate ballots for polling and absenteein disregardor ec1,1111,tllliCmlpro~ elnent and thecurre,11cy brought intlation continuedon page 7 thedollar was an adlnissionthat lbund m the growingnumbers on site...do1101 pr1.)nlo|e y1.~u,r slon of MicmsotiAccess. Wilh calquesti1,m relnains: x~hy1.11.1 I],1c ignoranceof thatprovision in thetaw), but Gwinnett’s Supervisor reducetheir indebtedness, they Io 7(1.8,,in 1994.a,11d price and ignorance"It even goes on to tell thisthe totals can be changed c-\olingc1,mlpanics notilnl~lO\ of Elections,Norma Lyons, used to workfor the State Board of Elec- needcapital and invesl,1nent. exchangecontrols were imposed employeesnot to "’offerdanmg- ,aithottla trace duc lo theeasy Iheir~,oting process signiticanll’, lionsand knows the |aw very well and expects to followit. For what lhcscdvnalniCs l’orce goxerll- again,Another SI.4 billion IMF illgopi,11ions of oursyste,1ns, access1,11" the audit liD. I1,1 lhct, ~ithlhc tcchntdog,, th.:,1t is it’sworth... lllent~,iIltO :.I "iacc to lhe boltonl’+ hoan,with its slructnral adjust- Bolivia: c~cnwhe,11 their thilings becolne accoMingto th,1rrisa ,,oting alreatl>there’.’ EDITOR:emphasis not present in originalmemo. as lhcvhowcr labor, health, and nlenl,was negotiatedin lq95. continuedfrom page 3 obvious". actixistnatllcd .liln March hils lhc issucof the secrecyof CID. irt+nlneiilil] standards(the Therewere more privatizations: A total of approxi,1nately Inadea (’I)to illustratehow thesou,1"cc code uscd hy I)iebold Flawsin the Product ~cr\ things"developmc,1W is lbreigninvestment increased, 1,1il the gas would leave Bolivia 15,000internal e-mails tbnn a easilythus is doneand 11.1 t, sc andother c-voting c1,/rporations st,pposcdto bring)in orderto pricesrose - butpovcrly kept 1.),11 througha (’hilcanpo11. (’hilt [)icbold,1nailing list tbr tech- it as a lobbyingdevice against is anotherprobleln. These issues Takenfrom an e-mail to the"salestalk" list interthe conditions of investors growing.This was the situation stillmaintains very tense rela- nical supporthas been leaked thepresent system of electronic wouldhave never su,1"hlced unless datedWed, 14 Apr1999from 3.R. and lenders.Whether these are Chavcz’sgovemnlc,111 inhcrited tions with Pcru and Bolivia, and hosted on the website voting. the source code of I)iebold Datamust be storedon morethan just one media. We havehad some prwate,or institutio,11allikethe in 1999. afterhaving stolen large chunks Blackboxvoting.org.Only days The leaked me,1nos were programming had nol been fieldexperience with this problem. The fact that we havehad a disk hltemationalMonetary t:und, Theirresponse was to tryto of theirland in the Warof the belbre the electionDiebold sentout by an unknowninsider uncoveredby computerscience on chiphas saved our bacon in TarrentCounty, Shdby County, and in investorsand creditorsexact improvethe livingstandards of Pacificin 1879The port through 6astonCounty. Since we do nothave paper ballots to reconstructthe lawyersforced the site down to variouswebsites and media graduatestudents in JohnsHop- a terribleprice from people in thepeople while trying to avoid which the gas wouldleave was votescasts as theAccuVote unit has if its memory card fails, The Accut- claimingthat the memos were organizationsincluding Scoop kinsand othersin CalTech.The exchangefor their investments, discouragementsto private partof Boliviauntil the war, undertheir copyright, and that Media,who hostedthe 15,000 lackof transparencyoffered by ouchwilt be at themercy of thatone memory card without a backup. the benefitsof which somehow investors.But the Venezuelan alongwith all of what is now Harris,the ownerof the site, piecesof Diebolde-mail before Dieboldin votingsystems does eludethe population. But trying opposition’sincessant attacks the regionof Antofagastain waseffectively stealing Diebold it came underneathpressure notseem to applyto theirown Takenfrom an e-mailto the "salestalk" list to live outsideof the global on the Chavezgovernment have Chile.In additionto takingaway property.By doingthis Diebold from Diebold¯ Diebold has sourcecodes and to morethan a dated7ue, 6 Nov2001 from S.K. economyand ’delink’(2) from severelysabotaged these efforts. Bolivia’saccess to thePacific, Pteasereport any corrupted memory cards to me fromerections. I’ve had has acknowledgedthe validity claimedownership of the memos quartermillion of Texasvoters’ it,particularly when a vindictive the regionof Antofagastais of thee-mails. Recently the Bay andhas threatenedto sueScoop privateintbrmation, including onein SantaBarbara tonight. I’m curious how many more we have.We globalpower applies sanctions, Fightingthe current crisis incrediblyrich in mineralsand The mostconflictive point was social securitynumbers and areentering another cycle of electionswithout this fixed I guess. hisvice president, to take power, Area IndependentMedia Center andother websites. blockades,and terrorist attacks makes up a huge portion of El Alto,a poorsuburb ofLa Paz, partyaffiliation, that were avail- and avoided a more dramatic has alsocame under attack from Afterthe ceaseand desist (aspartially ’delinked’ Cuba has The mostrecent round of Vene- Chile’smining profits. whichjust happensto be where fall of the governmentwhich Dieboldfor a poston it’sopen lettersent to the web hostof able for downloadfrom their ~ktnfrom an e-mailto the"salestalk" list faced),is evenharder. zuela’songoing economic crisis Thegas plan laid the ground- theairport is, cutting the city off website. datedI’hu, 7 3un2001 from L.D. would probablyhave ended up publishingnewswire. The host lndymedia, Open Publishing Havinglearned from Venezu- began with the U.S.-backed workfor the fall of thegovern- fromair transport in additionto Youhave a ballotwith a raceof 5 candidatesthat allows you to vote withone of theleftist indigenous for the Bay Area Independent Group,the onlinefree speech ela’spast experience, Chavez’s coupin April2002, followed by ment of Sfinchezde Lozada, forone. Two candidates are touched simultaneously andthe vote is reg- theblocked freeways. oppositionleaders, Evo Morales Media Center, Online Policy advocacygroup the Electronic FromPublic Elections to governmenthas tried various thelate 2002 general strike led but what cementedit was his One by one, Goni’sgovern- CorporateElections isteredfor the candidate between the Z thatwere touched. This is the or FelipeQuispe, in control. Group, receiveda cease and FrontierFoundation issued a waysto dealwith this problem. by oilexecutives at the state oil hard-lineapproach to the pro- ment abandoned him, from normalaction for a resistivetouch panet, but can cause concern. This The U.S.,who was encouraging desistletter on October10th pressrelease discounting the None of them are long-term monopolyPetroleos de Venezu- testsagainst the plan.Instead ministersto thevice president, ElectronicVoting Systems have is somethingthat IT peoplelike to point out and say that our system is boththe gas plan and the violent where OPG is given 24 hours validityof theefforts Diebold’s solutions,but they are policies ela (PdVSA)and the business of listeningto the demandsof flawed.Wrong, all resistive touch screens react in thismanner. denouncinghis violentresponse repressionfrom the embassyin to removethe postingand the lawyershave been makingin a long,and problematichistory thoughtout to try to help the elite.The strike, which affected the peopleand adjustinghis to the protests.When the NFR, ¯ Chapter2 in BeverlyHarris’s La Paz,sent "security special- immediatecomments that were orderto keepthe controversial economy survive the class- allsectors of theeconomy, para- plansaccordingly, he cracked oneof theother parties in his book,Black Box Voting, details Takenfrom an e-maitto the"bugtmck" Ust ists"to Bolivia,and announced addedfeaturing mirror sites to informationsecret. According basedconflict and sabotage the lyzedoil exportsand cost the downhard on the protestswith government,left the coalition, the many miscountsthat have datedFri, 23 Apr1999 from K.C. thatthey would not recognize an thememos (a mirrorweb site is to the EFF the OnlinePolicy countryhas faced. countrynearly $8 billion. brutalrepression, leaving nearly he wrotea letterof resignation occurredsince the adventof Makeactive the "cancel" vote button on thecast ballot screen on the oppositiongovernment if Goni’s copyof theoriginal site in order GroupExecutive Director Will The National Assembly’s a hundreddead and countless to givethe congress, and fled electronicvoting. There are endof eachbaltot. governmentfell. foreasier, faster and uninhibited Dohertyhas stated"We defend The Inheritedeconomy EconomicAdvisory Office esti- wounded.Large chunksof the to SantaCruz de la Sierrain the threemajor players in thisgame ~EDITOR:snip> Will Mesa be any better? accessfor users of the world stronglythe free speech right of mateslosses to the country’s countryremained basically with- middleof the night,where he of voter manipulation:ES&S I don’texpect you will see a fixin Umefor the election, since it is At this point,il doesn’tseem wide web) ourclient lndyMedia to publish Venezuela had enjoyed some vitaloil sector, which accounts outsupplies and transportation met up with his wife and kids (the largest),Diebold, and tomorrow. so. He’s blamingthe violence Comically,the authorof the linksto Dieboldmemos relevant economicgrowth and redistri- for about one-thirdof gross fornearly a month,as policeand and continuedon to Miami. ceaseand desistletter, Ralph to thepublic debate about elec- continuedon page 6 bution until the 1980s,when domesticproduct, totaled $3.7 soldiersbattled with protesters. This allowedCarlos Mesa, continuedon page 7 E. Jocke,representing Diebold, tronicvoting machine security. new indicator

tionalCorporation.SAICisone Maoists: Die ob : of Idthemajor players in the cur- porate game of rebuilding Iraq.PU ....B.... LIe . D ECLARATION Chavez: continuedfrom back page continuedfrom page5 Itis one of thetop ten companies continuedfrom page 4 to receivedefense contracts. It OF HUNGER STRIKE tbmlerleaders, Pedro Cam~ona tau~cas wellas quantitative Sequoia.In Texasin 1996800 regularlyworks with Vinnell Estanga,was Venezuela’s48- changesin thepolitical balance voteswere recorded, although Corporation,oneof theleaders hourdictator during the coup m ofthe country. Tile split has also only500 people voted. In the intraining foreign militaries. It April2002. helpedin raising the centrality of 1998general election in Dallas, is almostentirely made up of (CAJ)havetntiated tm~fin/te hunger strike (liquids only), atm/dniglat ofMon~, 10 November. But the Chavezgovernment Maoistmo,~ement. In thct,the over 41.000votes were not retiredmilitary and intelligence hasbeen careful not to chokeoff colnlnunistmovement has nOW counted.ES&S took responsi- personnel,including Dr. Steven we amom g tm miket. +omm a a much-neededforeign investment polarizedinto Maoist and non- bilityfor that little mishap,. In ttatfill,a former germ warfare two+ r. totally.Since August, the finance Maoistblocs. This process of the sameyear in PimaCounty, scientist.It’sdirector isretired limatpmone.", which A marchin support ofKamina Ubre in Chile ministryhas issued billions of polarizationis a goodsource of AZ no voteswere recorded in GeneralWayne Downing,of hasbeen tn the Senate s/rice December of200L and which is, today,~most ~ possibilityofa sotution toour reality. dollarsinbonds to besold within powerto Maoists.The thilure of 24 precincts,although the voter theU.S. Army, who also served POLITICALPRISONERS IN CHILE Venezuela,providing institu- otherIcfi groups m lbrmingand recordshowed that thousands on the boardof the Committee Itis a hilt~t 1,,,~, already been years in the making, andhas Womenmilitia members inRolpa District, Western Nepal nothi~to’~’~ imim~, We wantthe Congress to voteit tionalinvestors aswell as private maintainingunity has certainly had voted.Also in thatyear, forthe Liberation of iraq with CHILEANPOLITICAL MarceloGaete Mansilla citizenswith an opportunityto helpedMaoists. promoteit, and for them to open CtaudioCerda Bravo A few communistleaders then allegedpolice spies and inform- in theschool bond election tbr Bechteldirector George Shultz. PRISONERS: lsaiasMorales Avendafio getaround the currency controls. arguedthat their main enemy erswho are alsonotorious in OrangeCounty, CA therewas He wasalso a lobbyistfor the ReinaldoCortOs Valenzuela Thisis an innovativeapproach to BernardoAcevedo Lagos PopularSupport was domesticfeudalism led by thevillages. In thepast such a 100% errorwhen the ’yes’ U.S.backed Iraqi National Con- EricMaichin Neipen stimulateinvestment in Venezu- " 11 andahalf yearn, EstebanBurgos Torrealba Ren~Salfate 0sofio the kingwhile others insisted extremismused to evaporate and ’no’answers were switched gress. Ram6nEscobar Diaz cia’seconomy while protecting The successivefailures of thatNepali Congress with its withina shortspan of timebut by an unknownprogrammer. In Eventssuch as theelectoral jeopardies,RafaetEscorza Henriquez itfrom these investors. government’spolice operations supportfrom expansionist India thereis no indicationof such 2000a testmachine in Iowawas dramain Floridain the 2000 lackof in themiUtary and civilian aorgeEspinola Robles CHILEANPOLITICAL The bondsales, of course, in Maoistinsurgency clearly andimperialist America was the evaporationthis time arounu court~.] endthis political imprisonment. LuisFuentes Santib6fiez fed300 votes, but reported four presidentialracehave influenced PatricioGattardo Trujitlo PRISONERSIN PERU: are notwithout some controls showsthat the insurgencyis mainenemy. As a result,Nepal anywherenear the sight. In fact million.On November5, 2002 the generaldisillusionment VictorGonzalez Gonz~tez of theirown. The Finance Min- takingmomentum with substan- saw at one momentas manyas it is on themarch towards new in BrowardCounty, FL 103,222 regardingthe indirectdemoc- We areseeking a concrete objective: freedom for all political 3aimeCastillo Petruzzi A[varoGonz~tez Olivares LautaroMellado S. istrysaid financial institutions tialpopular support. This is no 19 communistparties! stageswith each day passing. voteswere left out of thefinal racyafforded by voting.The two prisoners.The government has the responsibility to hasten the FernandoGonzAlez 01ivares as a group- meaningbanks and AbrahamLarrea Zamorano AlejandroAstorga V. longersimply a lawand order The Maoist movementhas tally.Recently in KingCounty, partysystem that requires one to legislativeprocess so thatwe canonce again return to our AtejandroValdivia L brokerages- will only be able to streets.There is enoughsupport for this path to a solution,air DaniloMacaya Cocio problem.Why are the people emergedin the backgroundof New Characteristics WA the pollsin one precinct be wealthyin orderto have a say ManuelMartinez 6arces blarceta6onz~tez A. purchase20% of thelatest $1 in rebelareas providing sanc- thishistory o fNepal’s commun ist weretallied hours before the inpolicies (that affect billions thatis lackin 9 isthe political will to follow through with it. Jorgebiateluna Rojas MariaConcepcion Pincheira billionin bondsbeing issued. tuariesto insurgents?Why are movement.The Naxallitemove- Broadlyspeaking, communist pollsclosed. of peoplearound the world) is ClaudioMelgarejo Chavez Thisleaves $800 million of the PabloMorales Fuhfiman insurgentsfinding sanctuaries in mentof Jhapain early1970s, movementin Nepalin the past stillregarded as democracyby Thewhole C/kS is on hungerstrike, absotutety convinced that MAPUCHEPOLITICAL bondsfor residents and private thisimprisonment needs to endnow, because our liberty is 6uillerm00ssand6n Cafias areas,which in thepast had been too,had the samebackground. hasbeen left-intellectual move- Dieboldanegger? manycitizens of theUS. Will 3ulioPefia Parada PRISONERS: investors.Each individual finan- stnmgholdsof constitutionalThe Jhapa movementevapo- ment.The participating intel- this misperceptioncontinue a just,clignified aad beautiful cause. We ca|lon everyoneto HardyPefia Trujitlo 3os~Huenchunao Marifian cialinstitution willonly be able VictorAncalaf Llaupe parties?Independent observers ratedin a fewyears due mainly lectualsin thismovement had Californianvoters are skepti- whenthe outcomeof an elec- strugglealongside+ us, supporting the hunger strike, however 3aimePinto Angloni topurchase a total of $50 million CarlosPlaza ViUarroel 3alineCona Tranamil arguethat the government suf- to thesuppression of Naxaliites comprisedof uppercaste (Brah- cal of the heavyinvolvement tionis decidedpre-emptively, youcan, however you want, in solidaritywith our mobiliza- AnibatSalazar Huichacura of thebonds. tion. 3aimePoblete Cortes fersfrom political instability in India,youthful inexperience min-Chhetri-Newar-BCN).In betweenDiebold and the elec- withno faqadeof choice?"Of 3ulioPrado Bravo 3os~Ltanquileo Antileo The IO-monthlong currency and rampantcorruption. The of leadersexpressed in termof otherwords, past movements toralapparatus. Diebold’s CEO courseeveryone knows percep- RodolfoRetamales Leiva Ang+licalqancupil P0blete MauricioContreras O. controlshave proven their effi- moneyallocated lbr develop- middleclass extremism, decline werebasically the movements is WallyO’DelI, a memberof tionis reality" begins an e-mail WEWILL BE VICTORIOUS!! AlejandroRodriguez Escobar cacy.The Venezuehmfinance b PedroRosas Aravena Marcel0Ouintraleo mcntof interiorareas never of Maoismin Chinaafter Man’s againstBCN ruling elite by the "Rangers"and "’Pioneers",the fromDiebold chief engineer OscarHicjueras Quezada ministryestimates tbreign Groupof Independent Prisoners CarlosSilva Duncan reachesthere. A largenumber deathin 1976,and lack of Jhapa- BCN non-rulingelite. That elitegroup of Bushsupporters KenClark. If thisis thecase, PabloVargas L6pez 3us+Hualquin Antina0 reserveswill end 2003 at $20.7 ofvillages arc totally ignored by typemilitancy in other districts scenario,however, has changed who committo raisingfunds andDiebold is creatingthe per- LautaroSubversive Force biarceloVillarroet Sepfilveda JoseCafiqueo Saravia billion- an increaseof $9 bil- economicplanners. There are of Nepal.The leaders of Jhapa nowin viewof thebroader par- PolitieaIPrisoners 0rianaAlcayaga Zeoeda 3os6Miltacheo Matin lbr W. O’Dellrecently spent ceptionof an electedcandidate, JuanNecul Marin lion,or roughly30%, since mid- noschools, noroads, no electric- movementgradually took to the ticipationof persons from other RodriguistCollective inPrison ElizabethN6fiez Duarte timewith Bush at hisCrawlbrd, whatdoes it haveto fearfrom TitoMedel Vega 3os~Mari!.eo Saravia January. ity,and no medicalfacilities. At constitutionalpathand even par- castesparticularly theuntouch- Texasranch, and then sponsored its leakedmemos? The issue Maximum,~.arl W Prison,Santisgo deChile, 10Nov. 2003 JaimeCells Adasme JuanCiriaco Miltacheo Venezuela’seconomy is thenational level, the educated ticipatedin Panchayatelections ablecastes such as Kami,Sarki, a $600,000fundraiser for Dick tbrDiebold is thattheir faqade FedorS~nchez Piderit JuanLIanka Llanka expectedto contract10%-I I% unemploymentis increasing at as "pro-peoplePanchas." Damai,etc. in the pastwhen Cheney. He also came away is crumbling,and perception is m 2003,Finance Minister Tobias geometricalproportions. Close non-rulingBCNs wcrc fight- fromthe vacation "committed to ever more becominga matter mentpackage to peoplein the ber whenthey were denied the Nobregahas said. Nobrega said to 100,000rural youths failing NewRealities ing the rulingBCNs there was helpingOhio deliver its electoral of reality.It isnow up tothose Maoists earlyperiod of insurgency.The Prisoners:benefitsbecause of "outstanding fourth-quarterG DPgrowth could highschool examination every alwaysscope tbr mediationand votesto the president next year". voterswho feel disenfranchised reliefpackage that the govern- charges"that had neither been from previouspage continuedfrom front page be around0%, as the economy \earhave neither a jobnor The presentday Maoistmove- compromisedue to thenetwork Electronicvoting booths are fromthe electoralprocess to ment has allocatedafter so processednor mentioned in their beginsto recover,and he said schoolto go wherethey could bc ment,however, must not be of familyrelations. Nosuch net- supposedto be runthrough mul- demandthat their voices are much of killingshas become in thehospital and some of them decadeof captivity. 2003inflation will be around kept busy.Fhcsc unemployed viewedin lightof Naxaliitc workof familyrelations exists tipletests, which Diebold claims heard:Will the U.S. hold up this mentof theproblem is no where irrelevant.Counter-insurgency almostdied on us." For more information(in 25%.These estimates don’t say youths,15 to18 years in age, arc movernentof the early1970s now betweenBCN elite and to havecompleted. Their "inde- farceof a democracyin the lace nearthe sight. measuresrequire civil-military The Kamina Libre hunger Spanish)about the hunger strike muchabout a Venezuelaneco- +joiningthe ranks of armed guer- forseveral reasons: first, Mao- guerrillascoming from untouch- pendent"observer, however, was of suchblatant disregard lbr the coordinationin which clean civil strikersended their hunger strike andfor the latest updates, please nomicrecovery, but shouldbe rillas.The Maoists, however, istsunlike Jhapali Naxaliites do ablelower castes, which narrows ScientificApplication Intema- people? Summaryand Conclusion administratorsareexpected to on 16 November when they visithttp://www.libertad.ya.st/ takenin thecontext of constant haveproblems of providingarms nothave the advantage of geo- the chancesof mediationand disburseeconomic development receivedpermission to leave the or,if youwant information in assaultson the Chavezregime tothese willing recruits. graphicalcontinuity from India. compromise. Fightinga guerrilla war is an package.Here lies the prob- jailon Sundays,but two of them, English,feel free to write us at and therefore,the country’s Second,Maoists do not enjoy Anothernotable characteris- Halliburton:CPA’sillegal laws, which will expensiveproposition for any lem.Nepal’s problem is notthe MarceloVillaroel and Pablo ni(¢libertad.ucsd.edu,andwe’ll economicstability. How cana the ideologicalsupport from ticof Maoistmovement is the thenbe celebratedas the happy state.Guerrilla war has no front Maoistwar but an entrenched Moralesbegan hunger striking letyou know what the latest is countrywork towards growth RadioBcijing. So thecharges dcgrcc()I + ~omen’sparticipation continuedfrom page2 marriageof frecmarkets and lines.Guerrillas operate in the coalitionof corrupt politicians again on Monday,24 Novem- whenit mustfirst work to cancel of foreigninspiration is a moot in guerrillaranks. Women’s "inbreach of internationallaw freepeople. Once that happens, midstof, and oftenhidden or andbureaucrats that profits from out thesabotage consistently point here.Third. Maoists politicalparticipation inthe past andarc likely not enforceable". it willbe toolate: the contracts protectedby, civilianpopula- Maoistwar. It is verymuch beingimposed upon it? To try havelearnt many lessons from hadbccn limited 1o electoral Blanchargues that the CPA willbe lockedin, the deals done tions.The purpose of guerrillalikelythat the economic relief convenenew elections,even to enacteconomic policies other themistakes of Jhapauprising. areas,especially, in voting and "hasno authorityor abilityto andthe occupation of lraq per- waris not to engagean enemy packageannounced to combat Bolivia: thoughtbe only way to constitu-thanharsh neoliberal ones is to Fourth,the communistsof all occasionalcandidacy in elec- signthose [privatisation] con- manent. armyin direct confrontation, but insurgencycould bc yetanother continuedfrom page 4 tionallycall new elections would becomea besiegedeconomy and . shadesand sizes are now avail- tiaras.It is a bigsurprise that tracts",and thata sovereign Which is why anti-war ratherto harassand punish it so opportunitytocorrupt civilian as be if he resignedalong with the society.Surviving, even making ablein everyvillage of Nepal. Nepaliwomen now havejoined Iraqigovernment would have forcesmust use this fast-closing asto gradually limit its operation wellas militaryauthorities for on membersof civilsociety SenatePresident, Speaker of the modestprogress under these Manyof themarc disillusioned guerrillaorganization under "quitea seriousargument for windowto demandthat the next andeffectively liberate territory embezzlement.Counter-insur- and notthe military,meeting ttouseand the Chief Justice of conditions,has required clever withthe inability of their lead- arms.More than a dozenwomen renationalisationwithout paying Iraqigovernment bc freefrom fromits control.Eflbrts to gencymeasure, if appliedand withother presidents (includ- theSupreme Court. Considenng thinking. ers who haveparticipated in havealready given their lives compensation".Firms facing theshackles ofthese retbrms. combatsuch a guerrillaarmy- executedby cleanhands, will ingPresident Lagos of Chile)to thathe wasGoni’s running mate, parliamentarysystem telling the whilefighting the police opera- thistype of expropriationwould, It’stoo late to stopthe war, counterinsurgency-ofteninclude helpminimize the distribution negotiatetrade agreements, thereis very little chance that his I ) Wilpert,’Venezuela’s Missionto cadresthat there is an alternative tions.According to an estimate accordingto Blanch,have "no butit’s not too late to deny Iraq’s programsto "winthe hearts and crisis,which in turn,will help andstill trying to finda wayto governmentis goingto be any FightPoverty" http://www.zmag.org/ toarmed revolution. about30% of Maoistguerrillas legalremedy". invadersthe myriadeconomic minds"of ruralpopulations so to neutralizepopular support to exportthe gas. When first sworn different,except possibly a bit content/showarticle.ctm? Thatthe Maoistinsurgency compriseof women.This is The only way out for the prizesthey went to war to collect thatthey stop sheltering the guerrillas.Otherwise, it remains in,he waspaying lip-service to moreprudent in termsof public SectionlD:45<emlD=4497 has survivedfive-year period totallya new phenomenonin administrationis to makesure inthe first place. guerrillas.Inguerrilla war, there a protractedproblem and there is thedemands of theopposition, image. (2)This phrase isSamir Amin’s. tie Backgroundof Communist and continuesto enterinto Nepal,which must not be taken thatIraq’s next government is It’snot too late to cancel the is muchterritory that neither no wayto obstructMaoist revo- promisingto makeconcessions In orderto addressthe needs believes"delinking" fromthe global Movement newsphases is in itselfa clear lightly. anythingbut sovereign. It must contractsandditch the deals. sidecontrols; both sides exert lution.The government forces, which would be impossible and demandsof the people, economyoffers Ix~+r countries a better indicationthat the movement is Furthermore,more and more be pliantenough to ratifythe militaryleverage over the same underthe present policies, could to makeconstitutionally, such thereneeds to be a muchmore chanceatdevelopmenl thantrying to Maoistinsurgency must be no longera temporaryphenom- personsfrom Janajati people placeat the sametime. This wincouple of battleshere and as conveninga constitutional profoundand structural change surviveitsravages. viewedin thelight of Nepal’s enonwithout social bases. The (Rai,Limbu, Gurung, Magar, makesguerrilla wars extremely therebut will never win the war. assemblyto writea new con- in the governmentthan just 13)Julia Buxton. "Economic Policy historyof communistmove- officialapproach of viewing Tamang,etc) are joiningthe painfulfor civilian population Thebest they could expect is stitution(which can’t be done replacinga president with the andthe Rise of Hugo Chavez’+. in ment. The communistmove- Maoistmovement as an activity ranksof Maoistinsurgency in LateNight Cafe becausethe governmentarmed a negotiationforthe safe pas- witha standingparliament...the vice-presidenthe ran with. As Stevet-liner andDaniel tlellinger, eds.. mentin Nepal that first appeared of individualkilling and pure thehope that they will be "eman- forcesfighting against guerril- sagewith the victorious Maoist equivalenthere would be if Bush thechant in Argentinawhen they "’VenezuelanPoliticsin the Chavez Era", in 1949after the formation of terrorismhas not helped to solve cipated"from the "clutches" of OPEN NOWi lasoften do notdistinguish them People’sGuerrilla Army in years gottogether a group of peopleto toppledthe government of De la LynneRienner Publishers, 2003. 7PM-2AMevery day except Thursday CommunistParty of Nepalunder theproblem. While it istree that BCN.Although it is not quite fromcivilians, andso strike both to come. writea newconstitution instead Ruasaid, "que se vayantodos, (4)Dow Jones Newswires, 12-06- theleadership of late Pushpa Lal thereis middle-classextremism clearwhether these Janajatis will Justsouth of Revelle’s Stonehenge together. DrTiwari isthe co-author ofNepale~ of amendingit in Congress), queno quedeni un solo" 02"Venezuela Congress Appnwes Shresthaemerged as an intellec-insidethe Maoist movement but remainloyal to Maoistcause in Nepalistrategic planners PoliticalBehavior published fromDen- and promisingto be a tempo- VEB41.6TinBudget For 21’103" tualopposition to NepaliCon- it is notthe extremism directed theaftermath of thesuccess of broughtto youby: havefailed to finda way in markin 1994. Cummtly, heworks as an rarytransitional president and (5)For some more sources andfigures, gress’spolicy of compromise.by indiscriminateterrorism. Maoistpeople’s war, suffice it whichpeople would stop giving independentconsultant oninternational seewww.bev.org.ve/- Venezuela’s (’en- Evenduring the daysof king’s Theterrorist acts perpetuated by theChe Cafe Collective tosay here that a peacefulsettle- meettngsthursd~, Spinopen to all sanctuariesto guerrillas. This affairsinWashinston, D.C. tralBank www.mf.gov ve/-Venezuela’s absolutismCommunist move- insurgentsarecarefully selective couldhave been done by means financeministry continuedon nextI~ge meritwas unclear in itsgoals. andare limited to thekillings of of massiveeconomic develop- Maoist Insurgency in Nepal: Internal Dimensions the new

by l)r.Chitra K. 7)’u,ari indicator ./anuary20, 2001 a newspaperof political Itis no secret that Nepal, a coun- try sandwichedbetween two andcultural criticism Asiangiants India and China, is sufl’crmgfrom the worst polit- icalcrisis in itshistory. A con- stitutionaldemocracy thai was establishedtbllowing the 1990 People’sMovement appears to be on theverge of collapsedue to continuedsuccess of Maoist guerrillainsurgency or "People’s Gurkhasoldiers. Authorities sus- underthe policy of "searchand War"thai was launched in Feb- pectthat some of theseretirees destroy,"Maoist insurgency ruaryof 1996by theCommunist arcproviding training to Maoist doesnot appear to be dying.The Partyof NepaI-Maoist((’PN- guerrillas. insurgency,in thct, has appeared Maoist).The MaoistPeople’s The Maoistinsurgency-hit in districtswhich otherwise had PHOTOGRAPHERS Warhas become a directthreat areascover 165 of the205 par- beenconsidered anarea of influ- anda death-knellto the goveru- liamentaryelectoral constituen- enceof constitutional ruling par- mentof Nepal. ciesof Nepal.The insurgencyties.While no oneknows exactly The(’PN-Maoist first tired hasdirectly affected the lives of howmany guerrillas are there in ILLUSTRATORS itssalvo of "’People’sWar" on rot,ghlytwo-thirds ofthe 24 mil- thejungles of Nepal,yet some February12, 1996seeking to lionpcoplc of Nepal.The state expertsbelieve that number of and destroyconstitutional monarchy is on the.verge of defeat.The full-timeguerrillas under arms is andamfing to establisha Maoist policeoperations have failed around2000 and another10,000 people’sdemocracy. By the to controlguerrillas. There is irregularsor militias armed with DESIGN end of Decemberof 2000,the a widespreadrealization that if homemadeguns. In almostall insurgencyhas takenthe life theguerrillas continue to expand battlesbetween the policeand of an estimated1600 persons theirzone of influenceat the theMaoist guerrillas, theinsur- (unofficiallythefigure goes as currentspeed, they will be able gentshave proved their military highas 4,000dead.) There are to beatthe Nepali State within superiority.These incidents TO fourcategories of people killed a shortspan of time. Such haveshaken the wholecountry m theprocess: Maoist guerril- realizationis reflected in the andhas established thefiact that write,illustrate, and lay out a las,police, alleged intbrmers of government’srecent activation Maoistinsurgency is a living police,and innocent civilians. of theNational Security Coun- realityand that the Communist collectivelyrun student publication Independentobservers say that ciland its decision to createa Partyof Nepal(Maoist) is publishedhi-quarterly at the policehas killed more innocent para-militarytbrce comprising undeniablepolitical force. civiliansin filke"encounters" 15,000men (to be increased In viewof tilepresent day Universityof CalUornla,San Diego thanthe MaoisI guerrillas. The to 25,(lO0-mengradually) with politicaluncertainties character- policeadministration is also modernsophisticated weapons. izedby competitionfor office accusedofextra-ludicial killings Althoughthe royal army has not betweenand amongparties of in captivityand disappearance of bccnofficially ordered against personsunder custody. tileguerrillas, the government hasdecided to establishsix new INFORMATION (;eopoliticsof Insurgency and militarybases at battalion level (,overnmentPolicy aroundinsurgency hit districts. qM’enty-fivedistrict head- SESSION The insurgencythat began quartersare now underRoyal from3 mid-westernmountain NepaliArmy (RNA) protection. districtsof Rolpa,Rukum, and Anothertwenty-five district Friday,January 9th, 3 to 4pm Jajarkot, western districtof administratorshave reportedly (iorkhaand an eastern district of soughtRNA protection. at theEucalyptus Lounge Sindhulihas now spread to 68 of Sincethe start of insurgency inthe "Old Student Center" Nepal’s75 districts.According in 1996, differentgovernments to government’sown admission of Nepalhave treated the Maoist (directlyabove the food co-oop} 32 districtsarc believed to be waras a ’lawand order" prob- thehardest hit where guerrillas lem.The government has sought roamfreely and organizeopen to containMaoists by n)eansof Maoistleader Krishna Bahadur Mahara ifyou can’t come, you can massmeetings. By mid-Januarypoliccoperations code narncd speaksata publicmeting atKirtipur 2001,the Maoisls have declared "OperationRomeo,’" "Kilo onthe outskirts ofKathmandu during contactthe new indicator at: theformation of a provisionalShcraTwo," "JungleSearch a welcomerail7 on Aug. 29, 2001 [email protected] revolutionarydistrict govern- Opcration,’"and "Searchand mentsin Rukum,Jajarkot, Sal- Destroy."The state has justi- allshades and sizes, continuing http://newin d icator, ucsd. edu lyanand Rolpa districts. fiedauthoritarian policies inthe splitbetween and amongpar- A closestudy of insurgent nameof suppressingthe insur- liamentaryroyal communists, activitiesin thecountry show gency,but without addressing and NepaliCongress’s unde- thaithe most affected area is thebasic inequalities thatplague clareddivorce with socialism, contiguousand concentrated in Nepalisociety. These police thechances for Maoist politics the mid-westernregion. This operationshave appliedthe to reignNepal appears pretty is one of the mostbackward policyof "encircleand kill", a high.If historyis anyguide, andleast accessible districts of policysimilar to China’sChiang Nepalicommunists, no matter Nepal.The affected areas are all Kai-shek’s"extermination" of how muchdivided they may be, too closeto Kathmandu.Many communistscampaign in 1930s. havenever been totally rejected of theaffected areas are spread In theprocess of this"encircle by theelectorate. In 1994, Uni- OUtalong Terai districls close andkill’" policy the police opera- fiedMarxist & Leninist(UML) to India.Nepal government tionhas in manyplaces actually gotan opportunityto fornl the officialshave reportedly tiled a killedmore innocent civilians government.The inexperience complaintwith New’ Delhi that thanthe guerrillas, a fact noted in rulingthe cotmlry, on the tileMaoists are socking sheller by severalhuman rights organi- onehand, and greed R~r power, m India. zationsincluding the Amnesty on theother led to notonly the Themost disturbing situation International. exitfrom the governmentbut lbrthe counter-insurgency plan- alsothe vertical division of the nersis thatmany of theMaoist Insurgents’Strength UMLparty. The vertical split of affectedareas are inhabited by UML has broughtabout quali- a largenumber of welltrained Despitethe killings of hundreds retiredIndian and British Army of Maoists,real or imagined, continuedinside on page6