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A Political Landscape of Street Trader Organisations in Inner City Johannesburg, Post Operation Clean Sweep

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A Political Landscape of Street Trader Organisations in Inner City Johannesburg, Post Operation Clean Sweep A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADER ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY JOHANNESBURG, POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP Edited by Prof. Claire Bénit-Gbaffou A Wits Planning & Politics third year class report November 2014 ARPL 3023 – Politics, Governance and the City – Wits 2014 A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADING ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY BENIT-GBAFFOU C JOHANNESBURG – POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP (ED), 2014 A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADER ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY JOHANNESBURG, POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP Claire Bénit-Gbaffou (ed.) A Wits Third year Planning and Politics Students Research Report, November 2014 I BÉNIT-GBAFFOU C A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADING ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY (ED), 2014 JOHANNESBURG – POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP Acknowledgements We wish to thank the street trader organizations, for having –sometimes a bit reluctantly and fearfully, at least initially- granted us the opportunity of conducting research on and with them. It has been an enlightening encounter, frustrating at times, surprising often, eye opening always. We express our gratitude to CUBES, the Planning Programme and the School of Architecture at Wits, for their support, trust and sympathy. They are offering a unique home where this type of teaching, research and civic engagement initiative is not only possible, but is also valued and celebrated. I, as the editor of the report and facilitator of the course, wish to thank this extraordinary group of Planning and Politics students, who have pushed their own boundaries to contribute to this report, as their first, deep research experience. II A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADING ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY BENIT-GBAFFOU C JOHANNESBURG – POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP (ED), 2014 Table of content Table of figures _____________________________________________________________________ iv Table of maps ______________________________________________________________________ vi List of acronyms ___________________________________________________________________ vii INTRODUCTION: WHY STUDY STREET TRADER ORGANISATIONS? 1 CHAPTER 1 – AFRICAN COOPERATIVE FOR HAWKERS AND INFORMAL BUSINESSES (ACHIB) 19 CHAPTER 2 – SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL TRADERS AND RETAILERS ALLIANCE (SANTRA) 57 CHAPTER 3 – SOUTH AFRICAN INFORMAL TRADERS FORUM (SAITF) 87 CHAPTER 4 – ONE VOICE OF ALL HAWKERS ASSOCIATION 117 CHAPTER 5 – GAUTENG INFORMAL DEVELOPMENT ALLIANCE (GIDA) 141 CHAPTER 6 – NIGERIAN UNION OF TRADERS (NUT) 173 CHAPTER 7 – AFRICAN TRADERS ASSOCIATION (ATO) 201 CONCLUDING THOUGHTS 227 III BÉNIT-GBAFFOU C A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADING ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY (ED), 2014 JOHANNESBURG – POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP Table of figures Figure I.1 – Students’ personal reflections on the project 12 Figure 1.1 –ACHIB executive members gather at Sonnyboy’s stall 19 Figure 1.2 – ACHIB: A 2014 Profile 22 Figure 1.3 - How ACHIB presents itself online in 2014 25 Figure 1.4 - Leon Louw’s account of the creation of ACHIB 26 Figure 1.5 - A portrait of Lawrence Mavundla in the late 1980s 27 Figure 1.6 - Hawkers' platform fulfilling a need 29 Figure 1.71 - Livingstone in ACHIB 2004, Livingstone in SANTRA 2014 30 Figure 1.8 - The benefits of becoming a NAFCOC member 32 Figure 1.9 – ACHIB Leaders Profiles 35 Figure 1.10 - ACHIB rallies’ location, 2003 and 2014 39 Figure 1.11 - A success story for Victoria Mali ACHIB Deputy Chair 43 Figure 1.122- NAFCOC and ACHIB’s 2003 national policy proposals 45 Figure 1.133 - Limpopo Premier welcomes ACHIB wholesaler 47 Figure 1.14 - Application form used by NAFCOC 51 Figure 1.15 – Rumbidzai Kangara’s story 53 Figure 2.14 – SANTRA’s contention through social networks 59 Figure 2.2 – SANTRA: a 2014 profile 60 Figure 2.3 - Structure of the executive committee of SANTRA, 2014 63 Figure 2.4 – Leaders’ vision for a new structure for SANTRA (2014) 64 Figure 2.5 – Portraits of SANTRA leaders 65 Figure 2.6 - SANTRA Membership Form 70 Figure 2.75 - Payment of executive committee members, 2014 71 Figure 2.8 (a & b): Edmund illustrates the success of the launch (Elias, 2014) 73 Figure 2.9 – Edmund’s vision for branded and formalised trading kiosks 73 Figure 2.10 – SANTRA managed trading spaces in the Retail Improvement District 73 Figure 2.11 –Wanderers Taxi Rank an attractive business location 74 Figure 2.126 (a & b) –JMPD confiscates goods from SANTRA legal traders in 2014 74 Figure 2.137 – Martha’s invoice from JPC 76 Figure 2.14 - SANTRA email campaign October 2014 81 Figure 2.15 – SANTRA’s submission to the City of Johannesburg, 2014 84 Figure 3.18 – SAITF General Meeting, 21 August 2014, Beyers Naude Square City 87 Figure 3.2– South African Informal Traders Forum: A 2014 Profile 88 Figure 3.3. How SAITF general meeting was disrupted by JMPD 92 Figure 3.4 (a, b & c) - Portraits of SAITF leaders 95 Figure 3.5 - SAITF leadership – National 2014 96 Figure 3.6 - SAITF leadership – Gauteng 2014 96 Figure 3.7 – List of SAITF affiliates, 2014 98 Figure 3.8 – Block Leaders Portraits 99 Figure 3.9 – Student’s observations on SAITF General Meeting 101 Figure 3.10 – Ndlovu’s narrative of Operation Clean Sweep 111 IV A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADING ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY BENIT-GBAFFOU C JOHANNESBURG – POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP (ED), 2014 Figure 4.1 - One Voice March to Braamfontein City Offices 117 Figure 4.2 - One Voice of All Hawkers Association – A 2014 Profile 118 Figure 4.3 – Operational structure of One Voice, 2014 126 Figures 4.4 (a-d) - Profiles of One Voice leaders 127 Figure 4.59. One Voice Registration form 130 Figure 4.6 - One Voice Pamphlet calling for a march, 24 October 2012 133 Figure 4.7 (a &b)- Orderly street trading for One Voice hawkers 137 Figure 4.8 a & b – Negotiating functional trading spaces around Park Station 138 Figure 5.1– Hoek Street Linear Market, inner city Johannesburg 141 Figure 5.2 - Gauteng Informal Development Alliance (GIDA) – A 2014 Profile 142 Figure 5.3 - Structure of GIDA executive committee, 2014 151 Figure 5.4 – Profiles of GIDA leaders 153 Figure 5.5 – Flyer notifying the public of construction works for the African Food Hub 166 Figure 5.6 - GIDA executive meeting, St Mary Cathedral’s boardroom, October 2014. 167 Figure 5.7 - GIDA traders on Eloff Street, during public work to construct the African Food Hub 167 Figure 5.810. The Food and Cultural Hub project in Park Station, inner city Johannesburg. 169 Figure 5.9 – GIDA’s profile 2013 171 Figure 5.10 – GIDA’s submission to the City of Johannesburg 172 Figure 6.1. A typical NUT stand – legal, neat and tidy, on wide pavements 173 Figure 6.2 – Nigerian Union of Traders: A 2014 Profile 174 Figure 6.3 – Structure of NUT leadership 180 Figure 6.4 – NUT Constitution 183 Figure 6.5 – NUT leaders 185 Figure 6.6 – NUT collects food that they will deliver to an orphanage in Soweto 186 Figure 6.7 – NUT clean up day - Group photograph with MTC officials 186 Figure 6.8 MTC and street trading waiting lists 188 Figure 6.9 – Securing trading spaces next to BRT stations 189 Figure 6.10 a & b – Street traders on the narrow side of Delvers Street. 191 Figure 6.11 – Troye street, narrow pavement trading and the BRT station. 192 Figure 6.1211 – Building’s extension on the pavement, newly demarcated stalls for NUT 192 Figure 6.13 – JPC new demarcated trading sites, narrowing down the previous ones 192 Figure 6.14 - NUT Submission to the City of Johannesburg 198 Figure 7.1 – ‘De Villiers used to be desert, ATO has rendered it vibrant’ 201 Figure 7.2 - African Trader Organisation – A 2014 Profile 202 Figure 7.3 -Hussle and Bussle on de Villiers 211 Figure 7.4 - In quest of ATO cleaners, on a rainy day 212 Figure 7.5 (a & b) - ATO office, a cultivated business environment 212 Figure 7.6 – Portraits of ATO leaders ` 217 Figure 7.8 – Matron Mhlanga’s account of Operation Clean Sweep 223 Figure 7.9 - ATO submission to the City of JHB 225 Figure 8.1 – Strategically positioning the organisation 230 Figure 8.2 – Scaling street trader organisations 231 V BÉNIT-GBAFFOU C A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADING ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY (ED), 2014 JOHANNESBURG – POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP Table of maps Map 1.1 – Regional distribution of ACHIB membership, 2014 40 Map 2.1 – Location of SANTRA membership 2014 (citywide) 67 Map 2.2 – Location of SANTRA members in inner city Johannesburg 68 Map 3.1 – Regional distribution of SAITF affiliates, 2014 106 Map 3.2 – SAITF membership in the inner city, 2014 107 Map 4.1 – Regional distribution of One Voice membership 131 Map 4.2 – Spatial distribution of One Voice members in the inner City 131 Map 5.1 – Location of GIDA members in greater Johannesburg, 2014 158 Map 5.2 – Location of GIDA members in inner city Johannesburg 158 Map 6.1 - Location of NUT members in inner city Johannesburg 187 Map 7.3 - ATO members: tree blocks in De Villiers Street, Johannesburg CBD 205 Map 7.4 – ATO clothing and food trade location, 2014 206 Map 8.1 – Spatial distribution of street trader organisations in Gauteng, 2014 232 VI A POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF STREET TRADING ORGANISATIONS IN INNER CITY BENIT-GBAFFOU C JOHANNESBURG – POST OPERATION CLEAN SWEEP (ED), 2014 List of acronyms ACHIB African Council of Hawkers and Informal Businesses ATO African Traders Organisation CBD Central Business District CID City Improvement District CJP Central Johannesburg Partnership CoJ City of Johannesburg COSATU Congress of South African Trade Unions DED Department of Economic Development ESSET Ecumenical Services for Socio Economic Transformation GHA Gauteng Hawkers Association GIDA Gauteng Informal Development Association
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