Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Kennedy
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Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Kennedy Pit (Category 1 - Class A Pit Below Water) PIN 04566-0179, Lot 7, Concession 5 being the South West 1/4 Geographic Township of Torbolton City of Ottawa Licensee: Nick Adams MA Prepared by: Nick Adams Date: August 28, 2012 License # P003 PIF# P003-348-2012 report type: Original regulatory process: Aggregates Resources Act, City of Ottawa Zoning By-Law Amendment ADAMS HERITAGE 3783 Maple Crest Court, Inverary, Ontario K0H 1X0 Phone / Fax (613) 353-1463 email: [email protected] CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1.0 PROJECT PERSONNEL 3 2.0 DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT 4 3.0 HISTORICAL CONTEXT 5 4.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT 8 4.1 Archaeological Potential 14 5.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL TESTING - Field Methods 16 6.0 RESULTS - RECORD OF FINDS 16 7.0 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS 16 8.0 RECOMMENDATIONS 17 9.0 REFERENCE / SOURCES 18 10.0 MAPS 21 11.0 IMAGES starting page 31 Tables Table 1: General cultural chronology of the Ottawa Region 13 Figures Figure 1: The Study Area - General Location 21 Figure 2: Section of the 1:40,000 topographical map 22 Figure 3: Section of the 1:20,000 topographical map 23 Figure 4: Air photograph showing surrounding features 24 Figure 5: Surficial geology 25 Figure 6: Soils 26 Figure 7: Air photograph showing location of former river channel 27 Figure 8: Archaeological potential (City of Ottawa) 28 Figure 9: Areas of Archaeological Potential / Areas Tested 29 Figure 10: Locations / Orientations / Photo Plate No.s 30 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The following study was undertaken in support of an application for a Category 1 - Class A Pit Below Water under the Aggregates resources Act. Stage 1 The site of the proposed Category 1, Class A Pit Below Water within part of Lot 7, Concession 5, Torbolton (Geographic) Township (now City of Ottawa), County of Carleton, Ontario, was assessed by Adams Heritage for its archaeological potential. Specifically; historical research was undertaken, previous archaeological investigations in the area were evaluated, and the geography of the site considered, to determine whether significant historical or prehistoric cultural resources might exist on the property and to determine whether further archaeological investigations are warranted. The historical research indicates that the property was not the site of significant historic occupation and that, as with much of the township, the poor quality of the land did not support agricultural development. The whole heavily wooded, property lies less than 300 metres of the edge of Constance Creek and a smaller watercourse to the north. Archaeological potential is therefore indicated for prehistoric sites, with a low potential for historic period archaeological sites. Adams Heritage therefore makes the following Stage 1 recommendations. C Stage 2 archaeological investigations should be undertaken prior to any pit development work which results in soil disturbance. Stage 2 Archaeological testing (Stage 2 test pit survey) was conducted throughout the property. All field testing was completed in accordance with the Ministry of Tourism and Culture’s “Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists 2011". No evidence of archaeological sites was encountered. 1 Clearance of any archaeological conditions affecting this property is recommended. It is hereby requested that the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport supply a ‘letter of concurrence’ indicating that the ministry’s concerns for archaeological heritage on this property have been met. the following are standard recommendations included in all archaeological assessment reports: 2. If during the process of development (deeply buried / undetected) archaeological remains are uncovered, the developer or their agents should immediately notify the Archaeology Section of the Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport (416) 314-7132. 3. In the event that human remains are encountered during construction, the proponent should immediately contact the police, the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport, and the Registrar of Cemeteries, Cemeteries Regulation Unit, Ministry of Consumer Services, Consumer Protection Branch (416-326-8404). 1 Kennedy Pit (Part Lot 7, Con 5, Torbolton (Geo) Twp. Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Adams Heritage Advice on compliance with legislation 1. Advice on compliance with legislation is not part of the archaeological record. However, for the benefit of the proponent and approval authority in the land use planning and development process, the report must include the following standard statements: a. This report is submitted to the Minister of Tourism and Culture as a condition of licensing in accordance with Part VI of the Ontario Heritage Act, R.S.O. 1990, c 0.18. The report is reviewed to ensure that it complies with the standards and guidelines that are issued by the Minister, and that the archaeological fieldwork and report recommendations ensure the conservation, protection and preservation of the cultural heritage of Ontario. When all matters relating to archaeological sites within the project area of a development proposal have been addressed to the satisfaction of the Ministry of Tourism and Culture, a letter will be issued by the ministry stating that there are no further concerns with regard to alterations to archaeological sites by the proposed development. b. It is an offence under Sections 48 and 69 of the Ontario Heritage Act for any party other than a licensed archaeologist to make any alteration to a known archaeological site or to remove any artifact or other physical evidence of past human use or activity from the site, until such time as a licensed archaeologist has completed archaeological fieldwork on the site, submitted a report to the Minister stating that the site has no further cultural heritage value or interest , and the report has been filed in the Ontario Public Register of Archaeology Reports referred to in Section 65.1 of the Ontario Heritage Act. c. Should previously undocumented archaeological resources be discovered, they may be a new archaeological site and therefore subject to Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The proponent or person discovering the archaeological resources must cease alteration of the site immediately and engage a licensed consultant archaeologist to carry out archaeological fieldwork, in compliance with Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. d. The Cemeteries Act, R.S.O. 1990 c. C.4 and the Funeral, Burial and Cremation Services Act, 2002, S.O. 2002, c.33 (when proclaimed in force) require that any person discovering human remains must notify the police or coroner and the Registrar of Cemeteries at the Ministry of Consumer Services. 2. Reports recommending further archaeological fieldwork or protection for one or more archaeological sites must include the following standard statement: “Archaeological sites recommended for further archaeological fieldwork or protection remain subject to Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act and may not be altered, or have artifacts removed from them, except by a person holding an archaeological licence.” 2 Kennedy Pit (Part Lot 7, Con 5, Torbolton (Geo) Twp. Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Adams Heritage 1.0 PROJECT PERSONNEL Project Personnel Project / Field Archaeologist: Nick Adams MA Historical Research: Christine Adams MAC Field Technicians: Sam Adams, Doug Kirk, Chris Cadue, Steve Errington, John Errington Report Authors and Preparation: Nick Adams, Christine Adams Date of Field Testing July 19th, 20th, 23rd, 24th 2012 Weather Conditions Fine, warm, dry. Permission for Access Provided by owners Karson Aggregate. 3 Kennedy Pit (Part Lot 7, Con 5, Torbolton (Geo) Twp. Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Adams Heritage 2.0 DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT A Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment was carried out on lands scheduled to be developed within parts of Lots 7, Concession 5, Geographic Township of Torbolton. (Figures 1-4). The archaeological assessment is required as part of a submission to the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources for a Category 1 - Class A Pit Below Water under the Aggregates Resources Act, and a City of Ottawa Zoning By-Law Amendment As indicated in Section 1.0, access to the property for the purposes of the archaeological assessment (including retrieval of artifacts as necessary) was provided by the owners, Karson Aggregate. The property owned by the clients includes part of the extensive wetland surrounding Constance Creek. This is defined as Provincially Significant Wetland (PSW) which will not form part of the study area and was not tested. It also includes lands which, while not part of the PSW, lie below the defined floodplain boundary (Figure 9). These lands were included in the study, although, because of the nature of the terrain, are of low archaeological potential, being waterlogged and swampy. The area under investigation, therefore, consists of approximately 24.5 acres (9 Ha.) of heavily forested, undeveloped land lying between the community of Dunrobin and Constance Bay on the Ottawa River (Figures 1-4). The study area lies between two large former pits, now existing as lakes. An inspection and testing of the current study property was completed in late July 2012. The whole area is heavily wooded with mixed forest to the extent that it is now unavailable for cultivation. Archaeological assessment using test pit survey methods was the only viable option (S & G’s 2011: Standard 2.1.2.1c). 4 Kennedy Pit (Part Lot 7, Con 5, Torbolton (Geo) Twp. Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Adams Heritage 3.0 HISTORICAL CONTEXT Initially, the lands in the Ottawa Valley were more valuable for their timber than for settlement. Torbolton Township was not surveyed until 1822-23, and was only open for a year, which put a damper on settlement. According to an early history of the area, many of the grants were to officers who held them in speculation for too high a price, given the relative poverty of the land for farming1. There was very little settlement between 1823 and 18402. No settlement of the study area is indicated on Walling’s map of 18633.