Table of Artificial Satellites Launched Between 1 January and 31 December 1967
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CR-/3017S B ORBITING SOLAR OBSERVATORY FINAL REPORT
4: it W::: 050-7 ~AS ACR-/3017s B ORBITING SOLAR OBSERVATORY FINAL REPORT N C) U2a ~ 0mU 4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-4' W 10 ~~~~~~ -7 Ol C",.1-a -9- ---- o ' ocl '.-l Q) o QU2i~WL4cO 1-a . ), 3xr N~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .~ tjir~ V I ed F7. 3 wUii rH1 _.1- ~~z,~~OULECORD r~ BALBOTESRSERHCRPRTO o~~~~~USDAY FBL OPRTO BOULDER, COLRAD I~ ~..... LDER-'COLOR.DO '-01 OSO-7 ORBITING SOLAR OBSERVATORY PROGRAM FINAL REPORT F72-01 December 31, 1972 PREPARED BY APPROVED BY OSO Program Staff J. O. Simpson Director, OSO Programs BALL BROTHERS RESEARCH CORPORATION SUBSIDIARY OF BALL CORPORATION BOULDER, COLORADO F72-01 PREFACE During the 1950's rapid progress was made in solar physics and in instrument and space hardware technology, using rocket and balloon flights that, although of brief duration, provided a view of the sun free from the obscuring atmosphere. The significance of data from these flights confirmed the often-asserted value of long-term observations from a spacecraft in advancing our knowledge of the sun's behavior. Thus, the first of NASA's space platforms designed for long-term observations of the universe from above the atmosphere was planned, and the Orbiting Solar Observatory program started in 1959. Solar physics data return began with the launch of OSO-1 in March of 1962. OSO-2 and OSO-3 were launched in 1965, OSO-4 and OS0-5 in 1967, OSO-6 in 1969, and the most recent, OSO-7/, was launched on September 29, 1971. All seven OSO's have been highly successful both in scientific data return and in per- formance of the engineering systems. -
Information Summaries
TIROS 8 12/21/63 Delta-22 TIROS-H (A-53) 17B S National Aeronautics and TIROS 9 1/22/65 Delta-28 TIROS-I (A-54) 17A S Space Administration TIROS Operational 2TIROS 10 7/1/65 Delta-32 OT-1 17B S John F. Kennedy Space Center 2ESSA 1 2/3/66 Delta-36 OT-3 (TOS) 17A S Information Summaries 2 2 ESSA 2 2/28/66 Delta-37 OT-2 (TOS) 17B S 2ESSA 3 10/2/66 2Delta-41 TOS-A 1SLC-2E S PMS 031 (KSC) OSO (Orbiting Solar Observatories) Lunar and Planetary 2ESSA 4 1/26/67 2Delta-45 TOS-B 1SLC-2E S June 1999 OSO 1 3/7/62 Delta-8 OSO-A (S-16) 17A S 2ESSA 5 4/20/67 2Delta-48 TOS-C 1SLC-2E S OSO 2 2/3/65 Delta-29 OSO-B2 (S-17) 17B S Mission Launch Launch Payload Launch 2ESSA 6 11/10/67 2Delta-54 TOS-D 1SLC-2E S OSO 8/25/65 Delta-33 OSO-C 17B U Name Date Vehicle Code Pad Results 2ESSA 7 8/16/68 2Delta-58 TOS-E 1SLC-2E S OSO 3 3/8/67 Delta-46 OSO-E1 17A S 2ESSA 8 12/15/68 2Delta-62 TOS-F 1SLC-2E S OSO 4 10/18/67 Delta-53 OSO-D 17B S PIONEER (Lunar) 2ESSA 9 2/26/69 2Delta-67 TOS-G 17B S OSO 5 1/22/69 Delta-64 OSO-F 17B S Pioneer 1 10/11/58 Thor-Able-1 –– 17A U Major NASA 2 1 OSO 6/PAC 8/9/69 Delta-72 OSO-G/PAC 17A S Pioneer 2 11/8/58 Thor-Able-2 –– 17A U IMPROVED TIROS OPERATIONAL 2 1 OSO 7/TETR 3 9/29/71 Delta-85 OSO-H/TETR-D 17A S Pioneer 3 12/6/58 Juno II AM-11 –– 5 U 3ITOS 1/OSCAR 5 1/23/70 2Delta-76 1TIROS-M/OSCAR 1SLC-2W S 2 OSO 8 6/21/75 Delta-112 OSO-1 17B S Pioneer 4 3/3/59 Juno II AM-14 –– 5 S 3NOAA 1 12/11/70 2Delta-81 ITOS-A 1SLC-2W S Launches Pioneer 11/26/59 Atlas-Able-1 –– 14 U 3ITOS 10/21/71 2Delta-86 ITOS-B 1SLC-2E U OGO (Orbiting Geophysical -
OSO 20M Telescope Handbook
OSO 20m Telescope Handbook Onsala Space Observatory August 31, 2016 The latest version of this handbook can be found here. Original version by Lars E.B. Johansson. Latest revisions by A.O.H.Olofsson and E. De Beck. Table of Contents Contents2 List of Figures5 List of Tables6 1 Introduction7 1 Quick system overview..........................7 2 Observing.................................8 3 Staff....................................9 4 Communication..............................9 2 Technical description 10 1 The telescope............................... 10 2 Receivers / frontends........................... 10 2.1 3 mm: 85 – 116 GHz........................ 11 2.2 4 mm: 67 – 87 GHz........................ 12 2.3 100 GHz receiver......................... 12 3 Spectrometers / backends........................ 14 4 Telescope and instrument control system................ 15 3 Spectral-line observations 16 1 Observing modes............................. 16 1.1 Beam switching.......................... 16 1.2 Position switching......................... 17 1.3 Frequency switching....................... 17 1.4 Mapping.............................. 17 2 Calibration................................ 18 3 Pointing strategy............................. 18 4 Velocity systems.............................. 18 5 Time estimates.............................. 19 6 Atmospheric transmission........................ 20 4 Data 22 1 Backups, retrieval and transfer...................... 22 2 File names................................. 22 2 OSO 20 m Telescope Handbook Table -
Pokroky Kosmické Astronomie
Pokroky matematiky, fyziky a astronomie Marcel Grün; Pavel Koubský Pokroky kosmické astronomie Pokroky matematiky, fyziky a astronomie, Vol. 15 (1970), No. 2, 62--76 Persistent URL: http://dml.cz/dmlcz/138230 Terms of use: © Jednota českých matematiků a fyziků, 1970 Institute of Mathematics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic provides access to digitized documents strictly for personal use. Each copy of any part of this document must contain these Terms of use. This paper has been digitized, optimized for electronic delivery and stamped with digital signature within the project DML-CZ: The Czech Digital Mathematics Library http://project.dml.cz POKROKY KOSMICKÉ ASTRONOMIE MARCEL GRÚN, PAVEL KOUBSKÝ, Praha Astronomická pozorování konaná ze zemského povrchu jsou znesnadňována přítomností atmosféry, která se chová jako filtr se specifickými vlastnostmi: 1. Je nepropustná pro většinu frekvencí elektromagnetických vln přicházejících z vesmíru (obr. I). 2. Omezuje rozlišovací schopnost v těch oborech, které propouští. Vzhledem k difrakci světla je teoretická rozlišovací schopnost přímoúměrná apertuře (průměru objektivu) a nepřímo- úměrná vlnové délce. To však platí pouze pro ideální podmínky, neboť turbulence atmosféry nedovoluje rozlišit ve viditelném oboru více než 0,1". Obvyklé pozorovací podmínky snižují tuto hodnotu nejméně o řád; třiceticentimetrový dalekohled ve vakuu je po stránce praktické rozlišo vací schopnosti ekvivalentní největším pozemským přístrojům. 3. Pozorování je rušeno existencí vlastního záření atmosféry a přítomností záření rozptýleného v atmosféře. Rozptýlené záření způsobuje, že dosah největších fotografických dalekohledů je nižší, než by odpovídalo optice a citlivosti detektorů. Záření atmosféry je překážkou též při spektrální analýze slabých objektů. Ve zprávě [1] se předpokládá, že třímetrový reflektor na oběž né dráze pointovaný s přesností 0,004" by byl schopen zachytit objekty do 29m, o 2 řády méně jasné než dosud ze Země. -
ARIEL – 13Th Appleton Space Conference PLANETS ARE UBIQUITOUS
Background image credit NASA ARIEL – 13th Appleton Space Conference PLANETS ARE UBIQUITOUS OUR GALAXY IS MADE OF GAS, STARS & PLANETS There are at least as many planets as stars Cassan et al, 2012; Batalha et al., 2015; ARIEL – 13th Appleton Space Conference 2 EXOPLANETS TODAY: HUGE DIVERSITY 3700+ PLANETS, 2700 PLANETARY SYSTEMS KNOWN IN OUR GALAXY ARIEL – 13th Appleton Space Conference 3 HUGE DIVERSITY: WHY? FORMATION & EVOLUTION PROCESSES? MIGRATION? INTERACTION WITH STAR? Accretion Gaseous planets form here Interaction with star Planet migration Ices, dust, gas ARIEL – 13th Appleton Space Conference 4 STAR & PLANET FORMATION/EVOLUTION WHAT WE KNOW: CONSTRAINTS FROM OBSERVATIONS – HERSCHEL, ALMA, SOLAR SYSTEM Measured elements in Solar system ? Image credit ESA-Herschel, ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), Marty et al, 2016; André, 2012; ARIEL – 13th Appleton Space Conference 5 THE SUN’S PLANETS ARE COLD SOME KEY O, C, N, S MOLECULES ARE NOT IN GAS FORM T ~ 150 K Image credit NASA Juno mission, NASA Galileo ARIEL – 13th Appleton Space Conference 6 WARM/HOT EXOPLANETS O, C, N, S (TI, VO, SI) MOLECULES ARE IN GAS FORM Atmospheric pressure 0.01Bar H2O gas CO2 gas CO gas CH4 gas HCN gas TiO gas T ~ 500-2500 K Condensates VO gas H2S gas 1 Bar Gases from interior ARIEL – 13th Appleton Space Conference 7 CHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS TODAY SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS WITH CURRENT INSTRUMENTS (HUBBLE, SPITZER,SPHERE,GPI) • Precision of 20 ppm can be reached today by Hubble-WFC3 • Current data are sparse, instruments not absolutely calibrated • ~ 40 planets analysed -
Photographs Written Historical and Descriptive
CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, MISSILE ASSEMBLY HAER FL-8-B BUILDING AE HAER FL-8-B (John F. Kennedy Space Center, Hanger AE) Cape Canaveral Brevard County Florida PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD SOUTHEAST REGIONAL OFFICE National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 100 Alabama St. NW Atlanta, GA 30303 HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, MISSILE ASSEMBLY BUILDING AE (Hangar AE) HAER NO. FL-8-B Location: Hangar Road, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), Industrial Area, Brevard County, Florida. USGS Cape Canaveral, Florida, Quadrangle. Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates: E 540610 N 3151547, Zone 17, NAD 1983. Date of Construction: 1959 Present Owner: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Present Use: Home to NASA’s Launch Services Program (LSP) and the Launch Vehicle Data Center (LVDC). The LVDC allows engineers to monitor telemetry data during unmanned rocket launches. Significance: Missile Assembly Building AE, commonly called Hangar AE, is nationally significant as the telemetry station for NASA KSC’s unmanned Expendable Launch Vehicle (ELV) program. Since 1961, the building has been the principal facility for monitoring telemetry communications data during ELV launches and until 1995 it processed scientifically significant ELV satellite payloads. Still in operation, Hangar AE is essential to the continuing mission and success of NASA’s unmanned rocket launch program at KSC. It is eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under Criterion A in the area of Space Exploration as Kennedy Space Center’s (KSC) original Mission Control Center for its program of unmanned launch missions and under Criterion C as a contributing resource in the CCAFS Industrial Area Historic District. -
Jacques Tiziou Space Collection
Jacques Tiziou Space Collection Isaac Middleton and Melissa A. N. Keiser 2019 National Air and Space Museum Archives 14390 Air & Space Museum Parkway Chantilly, VA 20151 [email protected] https://airandspace.si.edu/archives Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Biographical / Historical.................................................................................................... 1 Scope and Contents........................................................................................................ 2 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 2 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 2 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 4 Series : Files, (bulk 1960-2011)............................................................................... 4 Series : Photography, (bulk 1960-2011)................................................................. 25 Jacques Tiziou Space Collection NASM.2018.0078 Collection Overview Repository: National Air and Space Museum Archives Title: Jacques Tiziou Space Collection Identifier: NASM.2018.0078 Date: (bulk 1960s through -
The Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sky and the CTA Observatory
The very-high-energy gamma-ray sky and the CTA Observatory Jürgen Knödlseder (IRAP, Toulouse) Directeur de Recherche (CNRS) The menu Light starter I. Why we do gamma-ray astronomy Assortment of AppeMzers II. What have we learned so far Main Dish III. What comes next Desert IV. Concluding remarks First course I. Why we do gamma-ray astronomy A historical introducMon The discovery of cosmic rays 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 Viktor Franz Hess (1912) 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 The nature of cosmic rays 1910 Charged 1920 parMcles! Gamma 1930 rays! 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 Robert Millikan and Arthur Holly Compton (1931) A hot debate (1932) 2000 2010 Cosmic charged parMcles ! 1910 1920 1930 1940 MS ChrisMan Huygens 1950 Clay and Berlage (1932) 1960 1970 Geiger counter 1980 4 cm gold bar 1990 Geiger counter 2000 Bothe and Kohlhörster (1929) 2010 Cosmic stac 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Karl Jansky (1933) 2010 An ambiMous amateur 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Grote Reber (1944) 2010 … and the first radio sky map 1910 1920 Cas A 1930 Cygnus X 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 Galactic centre 1990 2000 2010 Synchrotron radiaon 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 Langmuir,Elder,Gurevitsch, 1970 Charleton et Pollock (1948) 1980 1990 2000 Discovery of synchrotron radiaon (1947) 2010 Consequences 1910 Cosmic-ray parMcles emit gamma rays! 1920 1930 Hayakawa (1952) 1940 Hutchinson (1952) 1950 1960 Feenberg and Primakoff (1948) 1970 1980 Curvature Radiation 1990 2000 2010 Radhakrishnan and Cooke (1969) Philip Morrison (1958) -
Plasma Sheet Recovery and the Poleward Leap of Auroral Zone Activity
VOL. 83, NO. All JOURNALOF GEOPHYSICALRESEARCH NOVEMBER1, 1978 MULTIPLE-SATELLITE STUDIES OF MAGNETOSPHERIC SUBSTORMS: PLASMA SHEET RECOVERY AND THE POLEWARD LEAP OF AURORAL ZONE ACTIVITY T.H.Pytte, I. West,1R. L. Jr.,- Mc•herron, and E. 2wM.. Hones,G.Kivels•n, Jr.- 2 Abstract. Particle observations from pairs of expansion phase onsets [Kisabeth and Rostoker, satellites (Ogo 5 and Vela 4A and 5A) during 28 1971; Clauer and McPherron, 1974; Wiens and plasma sheet thickening events are examined. Rostoker, 1975; Pytte et al., 1976a, b; Kamide et These data indicate that thickening of the night- al., 1977] and that the westward polar electrojet time plasma sheet during substorms occurs in two sometimes expands westward in an impulsive, step- main stages, one early stage of single or mul- like fashion [Wiens and Rostoker, 1975]. The tiple expansions of the near-earth (geocentric latter feature would indicate a similar steplike distancesr •< 15 RE ) plasmasheet at the onsetof progression of activity also in the geomagnetic substorm expansions (Pi 2 bursts) on the ground tail, as was originally suggested by Rostoker and and another later stage of plasma sheet recovery Camidge [1971]. However, examinations of the that starts near the time of maximum auroral zone plasma sheet dynamics in the near-earth region bay activity and is characterized by a large- scale thickening toward higher latitudes that oc- orbit(r •< 15 (r RE•) 18[Pytte R•.) [Honeset al.,et 1976a]al., 1967,and in 1973, the Vela curs over a broad azimuthal scale and from iono- 1976] have show• no clear evidence of such azi- spheric heights to beyond the Vela orbit muthally localized phenomena in the tail. -
Desind Finding
NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE ARCHIVES Herbert Stephen Desind Collection Accession No. 1997-0014 NASM 9A00657 National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC Brian D. Nicklas © Smithsonian Institution, 2003 NASM Archives Desind Collection 1997-0014 Herbert Stephen Desind Collection 109 Cubic Feet, 305 Boxes Biographical Note Herbert Stephen Desind was a Washington, DC area native born on January 15, 1945, raised in Silver Spring, Maryland and educated at the University of Maryland. He obtained his BA degree in Communications at Maryland in 1967, and began working in the local public schools as a science teacher. At the time of his death, in October 1992, he was a high school teacher and a freelance writer/lecturer on spaceflight. Desind also was an avid model rocketeer, specializing in using the Estes Cineroc, a model rocket with an 8mm movie camera mounted in the nose. To many members of the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), he was known as “Mr. Cineroc.” His extensive requests worldwide for information and photographs of rocketry programs even led to a visit from FBI agents who asked him about the nature of his activities. Mr. Desind used the collection to support his writings in NAR publications, and his building scale model rockets for NAR competitions. Desind also used the material in the classroom, and in promoting model rocket clubs to foster an interest in spaceflight among his students. Desind entered the NASA Teacher in Space program in 1985, but it is not clear how far along his submission rose in the selection process. He was not a semi-finalist, although he had a strong application. -
ESRO SP-72 European Space Research Organisation
ESRO SP-72 I. Proc. ESRO-GRI ESRO SP-72 I. Proc ESRO-GRI European Space Research Organisation Colloquium March 1971 European Space Research Organisation Colloquium March 1971 COLLOQUIUM ON WAVE-PARTICLE INTER II. ESRO SP-72 COLLOQUIUM ON WAVE-PARTICLE INTER II. ESRO SP-72 ACTIONS IN THE MAGNETOSPHERE HI. Texts in English ACTIONS IN THE MAGNETOSPHERE III. Texts in English September 1971 September 1971 iv + 284 pages iv + 284 pages The Colloquium on wave-particle interactions in the magnetosphere held in The Colloquium on wave-particle interactions in the magnetosphere held in Orleans (March 17-19,1971) intended to review the outstanding problems still unsolved Orleans (March 17-19, 1971) intended to review the outstanding problems still unsolved in this field : in this field : — large-scale dynamics of the magnetosphere; — large-scale dynamics of the magnetosphere; — distribution of 'Oasma parameters; — distribution of plasma parameters; — decoupling of n..gnetospheric from ionospheric plasma; — decoupling of magnetospheric from ionospheric plasma; — acceleration and convection mechanisms; — acceleration and convection mechanisms; — substorms; — substorms; — polar wind..., — polar wind..., as well as the theoretical and experimental work needed to solve these problems in the as well as the theoretical and experimental work needed to solve these problems in the light of previous experiments (rocket launchings in auroral zone, Ariel 3 satellite...) light of previous experiments (rocket launchings in auroral zone, Ariel 3 satellite...) and of technical achievements (onboard computers, new sensors...). and of technical achievements (onboard computers, new sensors...). Ensuing discussions attempted to define types of missions which could be carried Ensuing discussions attempted to define types of missions which could be carried out in the future by the Small Scientific Satellites now being considered by ESRO. -
Intervening Material in Sight-Lines Towards Grbs and Qsos
Programa de Doctorado en F´ısica y Matem´aticas Universidad de Granada Cosmic Lighthouses at High Redshift: Intervening material in sight-lines towards GRBs and QSOs Rub´en S´anchez Ram´ırez Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 10 June 2016 Supervisors: Prof. Javier Gorosabel Urkia, Dr. Antonio de Ugarte Postigo, and Prof. Alberto J. Castro Tirado Instituto de Astrof´ısica de Andaluc´ıa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient´ıficas Para todos aquellos que caminaron a mi lado, a´unsin yo mismo entender hacia d´ondeme dirig´ıa... ii In Memoriam Javier Gorosabel Urquia (1969 - 2015) “El polvo de las estrellas se convirti´oun dia en germen de vida. Y de ´elsurgimos nosotros en algun momento. Y asi vivimos, creando y recreando nuestro ambito. Sin descanso. Trabajando pervivimos. Y a esa dura cadena estamos todos atados.” — Izarren Hautsa, Mikel Laboa “La vida son estos momentos que luego se te olvidan”. Esa fue la conclusi´on a la que lleg´oJavier al final de uno de esos fant´asticos d´ıas intensos y maratonianos a los que me ten´ıa acostumbrado. Vi´endolo ahora con perspectiva estaba en lo cierto, porque por m´as que me esfuerce en recordar y explicar lo que era el d´ıa a d´ıa con ´el, no puedo transmitir con justicia lo que realmente fue. La reconstrucci´on de esos momentos es inevitablemente incompleta. Contaros c´omo era Javier como jefe es muy sencillo: ´el nunca se comport´ocomo un jefe conmigo. Nunca orden´o. Siempre me dec´ıa, lleno de orgullo, que no le hac´ıa ni caso.