POL 133 J Contemporary Korean Politics (Winter Quarter 2017)

Political Science, UCSD

♣ Instructor : Prof. Chung-In Moon

♣ Office : TBA (E-mail: [email protected]/ [email protected])

♣ Web site : http://www.cimoon.net

♣ Class Hours: TUTH 2:00-3:20pm in CSB 0005.

♣ Office Hours: Thursday, 4:00-5:30 PM and by appointment

Course Description: The course is designed to explore the evolving dynamics of contemporary South Korean politics. Initial attention will be paid to critical historical junctures of including democratic opening and transition in 1987, which will be followed by the examination of institutional foundation, political leadership, and political actors and processes. Such salient topical issues as the politics of economic transformation, succession politics in , and Korean unification and inter-Korean relations will also be covered. In conclusion, the course aims at drawing theoretical and empirical implications of Korean politics in comparative perspectives.

Evaluation: In-class performance: presentation and class participation (30%), mid-term examination (40%), individual or group term paper (30%) due on March 17. No final examination.

Core Readings:

1) Don Oberdorfer and Robert Carlin, The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (New York: Basic Books, 2014)

2) Soong hoom Kil and Chung-in Moon (eds.), Understanding Korean Politics (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2001)

3) Chung-in Moon, The Sunshine Policy: In Defense of Engagement as a Path to Peace in Korea (: Press, 2012)

Optional reading: Ezra Vogel and Byung-Kook Kim (eds.) The Park Chung Hee Era – The Transformation of South Korea (Cambridge: Press, 2011)

To follow the up-to-date information on Korea, the following newspapers and magazines will be useful. Korea Herald (a daily newspaper in English): http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/

English version of Korean daily newspapers: progressive Hankyoreh (http://english.hani.co.kr); conservative Chosun (http://english.chosun.com/) and JoongAng (http://joongangdaily.joins.com). Korea Focus (a monthly webzine and a quarterly journal published by the ): Available at http://www.koreafocus.or.kr/ Los Angeles editions of 한국 일보 (http://www.koreatimes.com/local.asp) and 중앙일보 (http://www.koreadaily.com) are available in the SGPS Study Area. 1

Useful websites for library research:

Korean Online Full-Text database “KSI KISS”( http://kiss.kstudy.com/), which contains more than 1 million full text articles (most articles are in Korean, but some are in English and many have English abstracts) from 1200 academic journals in Korea, is available for UCSD fac ulty and students at Roger. E- (http://www.e-koreanstudies.com), DBpia(http://www.dbpia.co.kr/), and Nurimedia (http://nanc.nurimedia.co.kr) are also available at Roger.

Many government documents and master's and doctor's dissertations approved by Korean universities are available at the "" of The National Assembly Library (http://www.n anet.go.kr/). Copyrighted materials are available by clicking on the “NADL 2004” icon on the designated computers in the IR/PS computer lab and Geisel Library. Also, the following sites may be useful. www.riss4u.net (Korea Education and Research Information Service, 교육학술정보원) and Korean Social Survey Data Archive (http://www.kossda.or.kr/eng/). On this website, users may search the data and literature archive, download data files, and perform online statistical analysis.

Course Outline

Week 1 (Jan. 10): Introduction and course overview/ open discussion over contemporary Korean politics/ assignment of in-class presentation

No reading assignment

Week 2 (Jan. 12, 17): Korean Politics: Historical setting- colonial rule, liberation, national division, the Korean War, the First Republic, and historical overview of contemporary Korean politics

-Don Oberdorfer and Robert Carlin, The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History (entire, skim over time)/ Bruce Cumings, Korea's Place in the Sun: A Modern History (Updated) (WW Norton & Company, 2005), Ch. 4. “Passions: 1945-48.” Ch. 5. “Collision: 1948-53/ Kil in Kil and Moon, pp. 33-70/Chung-in Moon, "Over-developed State and the First Republic: A Critical Reinterpretation," Asian Perspective, 23:1, 179-203 (1999) with Sang-young Rhyu

Presentation topic: Debates on the origin of the Korea War (orthodox, revisionist, and re-revisionist perspectives)

-Optional readings: Kathryn Weathersby, “New Russian Documents on the Korean War, Introduction and Translation,” and “An Exchange on Korean War Origins with Bruce Cumings/ Kathryn Weathersby,” Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) Bulletin 6/7, Winter 1995, pp. 30-35, 120-122.

Week 3 (Jan. 19, 24): Critical juncture in South Korea's political history: From authoritarianism to democracy/ democratic opening, transition, and consolidation/ dynamics of structure, culture and leadership choice: Confucianism, materialism, and post-materialism/ challenges to Korean democracy

-Woon-tai Kim in Kil and Moon, 9-32/Sameul Kim, "Korea's Democratization in the Global- Local Nexus," In Sam Kim (ed.), Korea's Democratization (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2003), pp. 3- 44/ Cumings, Ch. 7.,“The Virtues II: The Democratic Movement, 1960-Present”/ Chung- in Moon, “A Circle of Paradox: Development, Politics, and Democracy in South Korea,” in Adrian Le ftwich (ed.), Democracy and Development: Essays on Theory and Practice (Cambridge, UK: Polity P 2

ress, 1995), with Y. Kim/ Jang Jip Choi, "Political Cleavages in South Korea" and Hagen Koo, " The State, Minjung and the Working Class in South Korea, Uchang Kim, "Politics and Culture" in Hagen Koo (eds), State and society in Contemporary Korea ( Press, 1993)/ Heo, Uk, and S ung Deuk Hahm. “Political Culture and Democratic Consolidation in South Korea”. Asian Survey 54. 5 (2014): 918940/ Soo Young Auh, "Where are Koreans going?: Change and stability in values amon g Koreans and democratization." Korea Observer 31.4 (2000): 497/ Doa C. Shin, Confucianism and D emocracy in East Asia (Cambridge, 2012), pp. 53-70, 317-333.

Presentation topic: "Determinants of democratic transition in 1987: structure, culture, or leadership choice?"

Week 4 (Jan. 26, 31): Korean politics: Institutional setting - Constitutional foundation/ strong executive, weak legislature, partial judiciary/executive bureaucratic nexus/ institution and politics/ debates on imperial presidency/ presidential vs. parliamentary system/ bureaucratic system/ electoral institution

- Kil, David Kang, and Bark in Kil and Moon, pp. 33-69, pp. 71-106, and pp. 175-200/ Hahm, Chaihark. "Conceptualizing Korean Constitutionalism: Foreign Transplant or Indigenous Tradition." Journal of Korean Law 1 (2001) / Yuki. "Presidentialism in Korea: A Strong President and a Weak Government(Ch.3) " In Kasuya, Yuko. Presidents, assemblies and policy-making in Asia (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013)/ Park, Chan Wook. 2000. “Legislative-Executive Relations and Legislative Reform.” In Diamond and Shin eds., Institutional Reform and Democratic Consolidation in Korea (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press), Ch. 3/ Park, Chan Wook. "The national assembly of the Republic of Korea." The Journal of Legislative Studies 4.4 (1998): 66-82/ Kyung-chul Kim, S. Cho, and J. Hong, "The mixed member majoritarian system as a policy solution," Korean Observer 46:3 (Autumn 2015), pp. 461-488/ Jaung, Hoon. 2009. “Two Tales of the Korean Presidency: Imperial but Imperiled Presidency,” in Mo and Brady eds., The Rule of Law in South Korea (Hoover Institution Press), 61-82 / Sang-young Rhyu, “Catastrophe 2016 in South Korea: A Tale of Dynamic History and Resilient Democracy,” East Asia Foundation Policy Brief (November 22, 2016), http://www.keaf.org/book/EAF_Policy_Debate_Catastrophe_2016_in_South_Korea:_A_Tale_of_Dy namic_History_and_Resilient_Democracy

Presentation topic: What went wrong with presidential system?: The case of Park Geun-hye presidency”

Week 5 (Feb. 2, 7): Political leadership in South Korea: a survey of political leadership/ an in- depth examination of Park Chung-hee/ Park's modernization strategy- success and failures/ myth and reality of political leadership in South Korea

-Ki-shik S.J. Han in Kil and Moon, pp. 107-140/ Pyŏng-guk Kim and Ezra F. Vogel. The Park Chung Hee Era (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2011), parts I, II, and III (skim)/ Woo Jin Kang, “Policies and Politics : Democratic Performance and Park Chung-hee: Nostalgia in Korean Democracy,” Asian Perspective, 40:1 (2016), pp. 51-78.

Optional: Yi, Pyŏng-chʻŏn. Developmental dictatorship and the Park Chung-hee era: the shaping of modernity in the Republic of Korea (Homa & Sekey Books, 2006)/ Suh, Dae-Sook (ed.). Political Leadership in Korea (Seattle: Press, 2014). /Carter, Eckert J. Park Chung Hee and modern Korea: the roots of militarism 1866-1945 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2016)

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Presentation topic: “Debates on legacies of Park Chung-hee leadership: industrialization vs. democracy"

Week 6 (Feb. 9, 14): Political actors and political process: elections and voting behavior/ political parties / media, the military, students, labor, and NGOs/ changing landscape of political process

Lee in Kil and Moon, 174/ Jaung, Hoon. “Electoral Politics and Political Parties.” in LarryDiamond and Shin,/ Kim, Byung Kook, “Party Politics in South Korea’s Democracy: The Crisis of Success.” in Larry Diamond and Byung-Kook Kim eds, Consolidating Democracy in South Korea, 53-85/ Kim, Sunhyuk. 2012. “Contentious Democracy in South Korea: An Active Civil Society and Ineffectual Political Parties.” Taiwan Journal of Democracy, Volume 8, No. 2: 51-61/ Kim, H-R. "The paradox of social governance: State, civil society, NGOs in South Korean reform politics." Korea Observer 35:.3(2004), 417-432/ Lee, Jongkon. "The Instability of Korean Political Parties: Cue-givers and Cue-chasing Politicians." Japanese Journal of Political Science 15.01 (2014): 113-130/Chungin Moon and Sangyoung Rhyu. "Democratic Transition, Persistent Civilian Control over the Military, and the South Korean Anomaly," Asian Journal of Political Science 19:3 (2011): 250-269/ Hyunji Lee, “Militants or Partisans: Labor Unions and Democratic Politics in Korea and Taiwan,” Journal of East Asian Studies. 15:1 (2015), pp156-158..

Presentation topic: "Is military re-intervention in civil politics possible?

Week 7 (Feb. 16, 21): Political economy of development in South Korea: debates on colonial modernity/ transition to export-led growth and industrialization/ developmental state and state-business relations/ economic crises in 1997 and 2009/ inequality and social policy/ new challenges to the South Korean economy

-Moon and Lim in Kil and Moon, pp. 201-230/ Haggard, Kang, and Moon. 1997. “Japanese Colonialism and Korean Development: A Critique.” World Development 27 (6), pp. 867-881. Haggard, Stephan, Byung-kook Kim, and Chung-in Moon. "The transition to export-led growth in South Korea: 1954–1966." The Journal of Asian Studies 50.04 (1991): 850-873/ Haggard and Moon, " The State, Politics and Economic Development in Postwar South Korea," in Hagen Koo (ed.), State and Society in Contemporary Korea (Cornell University Press, 1993)/ Haggard, Stephan, and Chung- in Moon. "Institutions and economic policy: theory and a Korean case study." World Politics 42.2 (1990): 210-237/ Moon, Chung-in, and Jongryn Mo. "Korea after the Crash." Journal of Democracy 10.3 (1999): 150-164/ Yang, Jae-jin. "Parochial Welfare Politics and the Small Welfare State in South Korea," , Comparative Politics, Vol.45, No.4 (2012)/Chung-in Moon, “Changing Patterns of Business-Government Relations in South Korea,” in Andrew MacIntyre (ed.), Business and Government in Industrialising Asia (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994)/ Chung-in Moon, “South Korea: Globalization, Neoliberal Labor Reform, and the Trilemma of an Emerging Welfare State,” in Joseph S. Tulchin and Gary Bland(eds.) Getting Globalization Right: The Dilemmas of Inequality(London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2005) with Jae-Jin Yang/ )/ Chung-in Moon, “Beyond the Developmental State: Networks, Politics, and Institutions,” Governance: An International Journal of Policy and Administration, 7:4 (October 1994), with R. Prasad Asaba

Optional: Jong-sung You, Democracy, Inequality, Corruption (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2015/ Kim, Byung-Kook,“The Politics of Chaebol Reform, 1980-1997.” In Stephan Haggard, Wonhyuk Lim, Euysung Kim eds., Economic Crisis and Corporate Restructuring in Korea: Reforming the Chaebol (New York : Cambridge University Press, 2003) / Thomas

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Kalinowski ,”Trends and mechanisms of corruption in South Korea,” The Pacific Review, 2016 Volume 29 Issue 4 pp. 625-645.

Presentation topics: "The Korean Chaebol- Blessing or Curse?"

February 23 (Thu), mid-term examination

Week 8 (Feb. 28, March 2): Understanding North Korean politics and economy: the paradox of succession politics/ Juche economy/ Kim Jung Un, ruling or reigning? / contingency and the coming collapse of North Korea?- false expectations and reality/ North Korea's foreign policy- rational or irrational?/ human rights in North Korea

-Yang in Kil and Moon, pp. 269-308/ Cumings, "The Corporate State in North Korea," in Hagen Koo, pp. 197-230/ Avram Agov, “North Korea: The Politics of Leadership Change,” Harvard Asia Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 1, 2013, pp. 15-27/ Young Soo Park, “Policies and Ideologies of the Kim Jong-un Regime in North Korea: Theoretical Implications,” Asian Studies Review, Vol 38. No. 1, pp.1-14/ Bennett, Bruce W., and Jennifer Lind. "The collapse of North Korea: military missions and requirements." International Security 36.2 (2011): 84-119/ Cumings, Bruce. "Why Did So Many Influential Americans Think North Korea Would Collapse?." North Korean Review 9.1 (2013): 114/Chung-in Moon, "Should We Welcome the Collapse of North Korea?: A Scary Scenario," Foreign Affairs 93: 6 (November/ December 2014), pp. 179-132, with John Delury/ Chung-in Moon, “Identity, Supreme Dignity, and North Korea’s External Behavior: A Cultural/Ideational Perspective,” Korea Observer Vol. 45 No. 1 (2014), pp.1-37, with Ildo Hwang./ Chung-in Moon, “South Korea’s Engagement Policy: Revisiting a human rights policy,” Critical Asian Studies Vol. 46 No.1 (2014) pp. 15-38, with Jong-Yun Bae/ Chung-in Moon, "Strong, Prosperous or Great? North Korean Security and Foreign Policy," with John Delury, in Handbook on International Relations in Asia, (Oxford: Oxford University Press 2015), pp. 427-445/ Walter C. Clements, "How to Deal with Kim Jong Un?" Global Asia 10:4 (Winter 2015), pp. 68-79 (www.globalasia.org)/ Brian Bridges, Chan Che-po, “Can North Korea Keep Playing Off Its Two Large Neighbors?”, Gobal Asia, 11:1 (2016), pp. 76-82.

Presentation topics: "Debates on North Korean collapse-Is it imminent?"

Week 9 (March 7, 9): Debates on Korean unification: models and pathways to Korean unification/ 'unification as bonanza and costs of unification/ barriers to Korean unification/ The sunshine policy and its limits/ dealing with the North Korean nuclear quagmire

-Chung-in Moon, The Sunshine Policy (entire, skim)/ B.C. Koh in Kil and Moon, pp. 231- 268/ Oberdorfer and Carlin, Ch. 16. Turn toward Engagement. Ch. 17. The End of the Agreed Framework. Ch. 18. Trouble in the US-ROK Alliance. Ch. 19. The Emperor’s New Clothes/ “Between Principle and Pragmatism: What Went Wrong with the Lee Myung-bak Government’s North Korean Policy?”, Journal of International and Area Studies, Vol. 18, No. 2 (December, 2011)/ Chung-in Moon and Seung-Chan Boo, “Korean Foreign Policy: Park Geun-hye Looks at and North Korea,” in Takashi Inoguchi(ed.), Japanese and Korean Politics: alone and apart from each other(London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015), pp. 221-248 / Sigal, Leon V. 2013. “North Korea’s Earthquake: Just Let the Dust Settle.” Global Asia 8, 1(Spring). http://globalasia.org/print.php?c=e563/ C. Kenneth Quinones，”Korea’s New Leaders and Prospects for Reconciliation，Asian Survey”55:4 (2015), pp. 691-714/

Presentation topics: "How to resolve the North Korean nuclear problem?"

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Week 10 (March 14, 16): Conclusion: Wrap-up /recasting and forecasting Korean politics/ theoretical and empirical implications of South Korean politics in comparative perspectives.

No reading assignment

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