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Valuation of NFL Franchises
Valuation of NFL Franchises Author: Sam Hill Advisor: Connel Fullenkamp Acknowledgement: Samuel Veraldi Honors thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Graduation with Distinction in Economics in Trinity College of Duke University Duke University Durham, North Carolina April 2010 1 Abstract This thesis will focus on the valuation of American professional sports teams, specifically teams in the National Football League (NFL). Its first goal is to analyze the growth rates in the prices paid for NFL teams throughout the history of the league. Second, it will analyze the determinants of franchise value, as represented by transactions involving NFL teams, using a simple ordinary-least-squares regression. It also creates a substantial data set that can provide a basis for future research. 2 Introduction This thesis will focus on the valuation of American professional sports teams, specifically teams in the National Football League (NFL). The finances of the NFL are unparalleled in all of professional sports. According to popular annual rankings published by Forbes Magazine (http://www.Forbes.com/2009/01/13/nfl-cowboys-yankees-biz-media- cx_tvr_0113values.html), NFL teams account for six of the world’s ten most valuable sports franchises, and the NFL is the only league in the world with an average team enterprise value of over $1 billion. In 2008, the combined revenue of the league’s 32 teams was approximately $7.6 billion, the majority of which came from the league’s television deals. Its other primary revenue sources include ticket sales, merchandise sales, and corporate sponsorships. The NFL is also known as the most popular professional sports league in the United States, and it has been at the forefront of innovation in the business of sports. -
Annual Awards
ANNUAL AwARDS Rehan Muttalib ’09 TEAM AwARDS Coach bob blackman trophy Jake crouthamel award Kenneth t. young award To the player, selected To the junior or sopho- To the junior or sopho- by the coaching staff, more offensive player, more defensive player, who has contributed selected by the coaching selected by the coaching most to the success of staff, who has contrib- staff, who has contrib- the team . Gift of L . G . uted most to the success uted most to the success Balfour Company . of the team . Gift of Ken- of the team . Gift of Ken- neth Young ’48 . neth Young ’48 . Ian Wilson, SS Tim McManus, WR Peter Pidermann, FS 2008 Winner 2008 Winner 2008 Winner 1959 Bill Gundy, QB 1972 Rick Klupchak, HB 1978 Cody Press, DB 1960 Alan Rozycki, HB 1973 Tom Snickenberger, QB 1979 Jerry Pierce, LB 1961 Gary Spiess, HB 1974 Reggie Williams, LB 1980 Scott Hacker, LB 1962 Bill King, QB 1975 Pat Sullivan, OG 1981 Joe Moore, DB Don McKinnon, C-LB 1976 Sam Coffey, TB 1982 Steve Karol, LB 1963 Scott Creelman, E 1977 Jeff Hickey, LB 1983 Don Pomeroy, LB 1964 Jack McLean, DB 1978 Jeff Dufresne, TB 1984 Peter Kortebein, LB 1965 Ed Long, E 1979 Dave Shula, SE 1985 Tom Ramsey, DT 1966 Pete Walton, FB 1980 George Thompson, OG 1986 Brett Matthews, DB 1967 Steve Luxford, HB 1981 Wayne Ferree, OT 1987 Paul Michael, LB 1968 Randy Wallick, OE 1982 Jack Daly, WR 1988 Kevin Luensmann, DT 1969 Tom Quinn, HB 1983 Rich Weissman, TB 1989 Peter Chapman, DT 1970 John Short, HB 1984 Doug Keare, TE 1990 Sal Sciretto, DB 1971 Stuart Simms, FB 1985 Dave Gabianelli, QB Harry -
1920 Akron Pros Ken Crippen
Building a Champion: 1920 Akron Pros Ken Crippen BUILDING A CHAMPION: 1920 AKRON PROS By Ken Crippen It’s time to dig deep into the archives to talk about the first National Football League (NFL) champion. In fact, the 1920 Akron Pros were champions before the NFL was called the NFL. In 1920, the American Professional Football Association was formed and started play. Currently, fourteen teams are included in the league standings, but it is unclear as to how many were official members of the Association. Different from today’s game, the champion was not determined on the field, but during a vote at a league meeting. Championship games did not start until 1932. Also, there were no set schedules. Teams could extend their season in order to try and gain wins to influence voting the following spring. These late-season games were usually against lesser opponents in order to pad their win totals. To discuss the Akron Pros, we must first travel back to the century’s first decade. Starting in 1908 as the semi-pro Akron Indians, the team immediately took the city championship and stayed as consistently one of the best teams in the area. In 1912, “Peggy” Parratt was brought in to coach the team. George Watson “Peggy” Parratt was a three-time All-Ohio football player for Case Western University. While in college, he played professionally for the 1905 Shelby Blues under the name “Jimmy Murphy,” in order to preserve his amateur status. It only lasted a few weeks until local reporters discovered that it was Parratt on the field for the Blues. -
1925:Red Equals Green
The Professional Football Researchers Association Red Equals Green 1925 By Bob Carroll In Joe Carr's Master Plan, the National Football League would rid independently since 1915 and were better prepared for the NFL itself of lesser municipalities like Evansville, Hammond, Green Bay, than any team in Boston, a city Carr might have preferred. even his own Columbus, and play exclusively in the nation's largest cities. He'd gained a Philadelphia team in 1924 (although Frankford Carr also brought Detroit back into the league under the actually played in a suburb). Chicago had the Bears and Cardinals. management of Jimmy Conzelman. Although it was never stated Cleveland was the league champ. It was time to get serious about officially, Conzelman apparently got a free ride on the guarantee New York. fee and did not even have to put up the $500 franchise fee. The situation had improved in Gotham. A new law on the books Something similar was done about Canton. The home of the made it legal to play pro football on Sundays. Carr approached original Bulldogs was not on Carr's "must" list, but it had promoter Billy Gibson, who'd had a stake in the 1921 Brickley sentimental support as well as some very vocal fans. A new team Giants. Gibson wasn't interested in going it alone, but he knew was set up to be run by some of the old Bulldog players. Wilbur someone who was, and he sent Carr to see Tim Mara, a New York Henry and Harry Robb came back from Pennsylvania, and Sam bookmaker. -
NFL 1926 in Theory & Practice
THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 24, No. 3 (2002) One division, no playoffs, no championship game. Was there ANY organization to pro football before 1933? Forget the official history for a moment, put on your leather thinking cap, and consider the possibilities of NFL 1926 in Theory and Practice By Mark L. Ford 1926 and 2001 The year 1926 makes an interesting study. For one thing, it was 75 years earlier than the just completed season. More importantly, 1926, like 2001, saw thirty-one pro football teams in competition. The NFL had a record 22 clubs, and Red Grange’s manager had organized the new 9 team American Football League. Besides the Chicago Bears, Green Bay Packers and New York Giants, and the Cardinals (who would not move from Chicago until 1959), there were other team names that would be familiar today – Buccaneers (Los Angeles), Lions (Brooklyn), Cowboys (Kansas City) and Panthers (Detroit). The AFL created rivals in major cities, with American League Yankees to match the National League Giants, a pre-NBA Chicago Bulls to match the Bears, Philadelphia Quakers against the Philly-suburb Frankford Yellowjackets, a Brooklyn rival formed around the two of the Four Horsemen turned pro, and another “Los Angeles” team. The official summary of 1926 might look chaotic and unorganized – 22 teams grouped in one division in a hodgepodge of large cities and small towns, and is summarized as “Frankford, Chicago Bears, Pottsville, Kansas City, Green Bay, Los Angeles, New York, Duluth, Buffalo, Chicago Cardinals, Providence, Detroit, Hartford, Brooklyn, Milwaukee, Akron, Dayton, Racine, Columbus, Canton, Hammond, Louisville”. -
Nyungar Tradition
Nyungar Tradition : glimpses of Aborigines of south-western Australia 1829-1914 by Lois Tilbrook Background notice about the digital version of this publication: Nyungar Tradition was published in 1983 and is no longer in print. In response to many requests, the AIATSIS Library has received permission to digitise and make it available on our website. This book is an invaluable source for the family and social history of the Nyungar people of south western Australia. In recognition of the book's importance, the Library has indexed this book comprehensively in its Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Biographical Index (ABI). Nyungar Tradition by Lois Tilbrook is based on the South West Aboriginal Studies project (SWAS) - in which photographs have been assembled, not only from mission and government sources but also, importantly in Part ll, from the families. Though some of these are studio shots, many are amateur snapshots. The main purpose of the project was to link the photographs to the genealogical trees of several families in the area, including but not limited to Hansen, Adams, Garlett, Bennell and McGuire, enhancing their value as visual documents. The AIATSIS Library acknowledges there are varying opinions on the information in this book. An alternative higher resolution electronic version of this book (PDF, 45.5Mb) is available from the following link. Please note the very large file size. http://www1.aiatsis.gov.au/exhibitions/e_access/book/m0022954/m0022954_a.pdf Consult the following resources for more information: Search the Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Biographical Index (ABI) : ABI contains an extensive index of persons mentioned in Nyungar tradition. -
VOL. 31, No. 1 2009
VOL. 31, No. 1 2009 PFRA-ternizing 2 PFRA Committees 3 Seasons in the Sun 4 Left Wingers 9 Horses, Trucks, and Rockets 12 Hanford Dixon 16 Under Friday Night Lights 18 2009 Necrology 21 Classifieds 24 THE COFFIN CORNER: Vol. 31, No. 1 (2009) 2 couldn’t get work illustrating the phone book’s PFRA-ternizing white pages.) ATTN: READERS OF OUR WEBSITE The player’s drawings are 3” X 4.5” with one, two, or sometimes four on a page. If you can We are looking for people to help with the receive an attachment in Microsoft Word, PFRA website. We have over 1,200 articles you’ll know how to increase or decrease the from thirty years of Coffin Corner. We would size of the drawing. You can have your like people to write a sentence or two on each favorite big enough to be a pin up or small as article. Something that we can add that is a postage stamp. more than just the title and the author. The intent of this project is to give readers a better understanding of the content of the article before they open the file. For example, in the very first issue of Coffin Corner, there is an article titled, “The First All-Star Game.” We would like to expand on the article. A description as follows would be beneficial to the reader, “Five years after the first recognized pro game, an All-Star team was selected and played the Pittsburgh champs.” If you are interested in helping with this project or have any comments on the PFRA website, please contact Ken Crippen at: [email protected] (215) 421-6994 * * * * FREE DRAWINGS! For thirty years, the illustrations for the Coffin Corner have been drawings, not photos. -
Southern Yearbook 1968 Info
Official Announcement of the 1968 Officers and Executive Committees SL TA Committees District Officers Membership Southern Rankings for 1967 District Rankings for 1967 1968 Schedule of Sanctioned Southern Tournaments SOUTHERN LAWN TENNIS ASSOCIATION SLTA-USLTA 1968 JUNIOR TENNIS CIRCUIT J 't June 3-6 ALABAMA STATE JUNIOR OPEN Junior and Boys 16-10sd, Girls 18~ OFFICERS 10sd, Mobile Tennis Center, Mobile, Alabama. PRESIDENT... -----------------------------------------------Victor Sheshunoff June 10-15 SOUTHERN JUNIOR AND BOYS P. 0. Box 709 OPEN CHAMPIONSHIPS, Junior & Magnolia, Arkansas 71753 Boys 16-12sd, Davidson College, Da FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT______________________ ]. Randolph Gregson vidson, N. C. 915 Carondelet Bldg. June 17-22 GEORGIA STATE JUNIOR OPEN, New Orleans, La. 70130 Junior and Boys 16-lOsd, Girls 18- 10sd, Bitsy Grant Tennis Center, At SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT --------------------Leslie H. Jenkins lanta, Ga. 817 Whirlaway Drive Knoxville, Tenn. 37919 June 24-30 SOUTHERN GIRLS OPEN AND TVI, Junior and Boys 16-12sd, Girls SECRETARY-TREASURER __________________ Mrs. Joseph E. Lay 18-12sd, Manker Patten Tennis Cen 3009 Rockingham Dr., N.E. ter, Chattanooga, Tenn. Atlanta, Georgia 30327 July 1-6 VOLUNTEER STATE JUNIOR SECTIONAL DELEGATE ---------------------------Victor Sheshunoff OPEN, Junior and Boys 16-12sd, P. 0. Box 709 Girls 18-12sd. Vanderbilt University, Magnolia, Arkansas 717 53 c/o Nashville Tennis Assn., Nashville, Tenn. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ____________________ Miss Natalie Cohen July 15-20 SMOKY MOUNTAIN J UN I 0 R SLTA Sectional Office OPEN, Junior and Boys 16-10sd, 3121 Maple Dr., N.E., Room 21-B Girls 18-10sd, Knoxville Racquet Atlanta, Georgia 30305 Club, Knoxville, Tenn. Tel. N<l. Area Code 404 - 237-1319 or (Home) 876-8383 USLT A Junior Championships and Other Important Tournaments DELEGATES AT LARGE June 17-22 USLTA Interscholastics for Boys and Howard McCall, III... -
Albo Nfl Usa
Enciclopedia del football italiano Albo d’oro National Football League (American Professional Football Association (1920) / American Football League – National Football League ) 1 aggiornato domenica 30 agosto 2020 Enciclopedia del football italiano Albo d’oro National Football League (American Professional Football Association (1920) / American Football League – National Football League ) Albo d’Oro 1920 Akron PROS - 1921 Chicago STALEYS - 1922 Canton BULLDOGS - 1923 Canton BULLDOGS - 1924 Cleveland BULLDOGS - 1925 Chicago CARDINALS - 1926 Frankford YELLOW JACKETS - 1927 New York GIANTS - 1928 Providence STEAM ROLLER - 1929 Green Bay PACKERS - 1930 Green Bay PACKERS - 1931 Green Bay PACKERS - 1932 Chicago BEARS Portsmouth SPARTANS 9-0 Chicago Stadium, Chicago 1933 Chicago BEARS New York GIANTS 23-21 Wrigley Field, Chicago 1934 New York GIANTS Chicago BEARS 30-13 Polo Grounds, New York 1935 Detroit LIONS New York GIANTS 26-7 Titan Stadium, Detroit 1936 Green Bay PACKERS Boston REDSKINS 21-6 Polo Grounds, New York 1937 Washington REDSKINS Chicago BEARS 28-21 Wrigley Field, Chicago 1938 New York GIANTS Green Bay PACKERS 23-17 Polo Grounds, New York 1939 Green Bay PACKERS New York GIANTS 27-0 Dairy B. at Wisconsin S.F.P., West Allis 1940 Chicago BEARS Washington REDSKINS 73-0 Griffith Stadium, Washington 1941 Chicago BEARS New York GIANTS 37-9 Wrigley Field, Chicago 1942 Washington REDSKINS Chicago BEARS 14-6 Griffith Stadium, Washington 1943 Chicago BEARS Washington REDSKINS 41-21 Wrigley Field, Chicago 1944 Green Bay PACKERS New York GIANTS -
Pittsburgh Steelers Game Release Week 13 Washington Football Team
WEEK 13 - STEELERS VS. WASHINGTON | 1 PITTSBURGH STEELERS COMMUNICATIONS Burt Lauten - Director of Communications Michael Bertsch - Communications Manager Angela Tegnelia - Communications Coordinator PITTSBURGH STEELERS Alissa Cavaretta - Communications Assistant/Social Media 3400 South Water Street • Pittsburgh, PA 15203 Thomas Chapman - Communications Intern 412-432-7820 • Fax: 412-432-7878 PITTSBURGH STEELERS GAME RELEASE WEEK 13 WASHINGTON FOOTBALL TEAM GAME INFORMATION 2020 REGULAR SCHEDULE (11-0) Monday, December 7 Heinz Field Day Date Opponent Location TV Time/Result 5 p.m. ET Pittsburgh, PA Mon. Sept. 14 New York Giants MetLife Stadium W, 26-16 Capacity 68,400 // Natural Grass Sun. Sept. 20 Denver Heinz Field W, 26-21 FOX Kevin Burkhardt (play-by-play) Locally WPGH-TV Daryl Johnston (analysis) Sun. Sept. 27 Houston Heinz Field W, 28-21 Pam Oliver (field reporter) Sun. Oct. 4 BYE WEEK* Steelers Radio Network (48 affiliates) Bill Hillgrove (play-by-play) Sun. Oct. 11 Philadelphia Heinz Field W, 39-28 102.5 WDVE-FM (Pittsburgh) Tunch Ilkin (analysis) Sun. Oct. 18 Cleveland Heinz Field W, 38-7 970 WBGG-AM (Pittsburgh) Craig Wolfley (analysis) Missi Matthews (field reporter) Sun. Oct. 25 Tennessee* Nissan Stadium W, 27-24 THE SERIES Sun. Nov. 1 Baltimore* M&T Bank Stadium W, 28-24 All-Time Washington leads, 42-33-3 Last: Steelers Win, 38-16 (Sept. 12, 2016) Sun. Nov. 8 Dallas AT&T Stadium W, 24-19 Home Washington leads, 22-20 Last: Steelers Win, 27-12 (Oct. 28, 2012) Sun. Nov. 15 Cincinnati Heinz Field W, 36-10 Away Washington leads, 20-13-3 Last: Steelers Win, 38-16 (Sept. -
Pro Football Hall of Fame
PRO FOOTBALL HALL OF FAME The Professional Football Hall Between four and seven new MARCUS ALLEN CLIFF BATTLES of Fame is located in Canton, members are elected each Running back. 6-2, 210. Born Halfback. 6-1, 195. Born in Ohio, site of the organizational year. An affirmative vote of in San Diego, California, Akron, Ohio, May 1, 1910. meeting on September 17, approximately 80 percent is March 26, 1960. Southern Died April 28, 1981. West Vir- 1920, from which the National needed for election. California. Inducted in 2003. ginia Wesleyan. Inducted in Football League evolved. The Any fan may nominate any 1982-1992 Los Angeles 1968. 1932 Boston Braves, NFL recognized Canton as the eligible player or contributor Raiders, 1993-1997 Kansas 1933-36 Boston Redskins, Hall of Fame site on April 27, simply by writing to the Pro City Chiefs. Highlights: First 1937 Washington Redskins. 1961. Canton area individuals, Football Hall of Fame. Players player in NFL history to tally High lights: NFL rushing foundations, and companies and coaches must have last 10,000 rushing yards and champion 1932, 1937. First to donated almost $400,000 in played or coached at least five 5,000 receiving yards. MVP, gain more than 200 yards in a cash and services to provide years before he is eligible. Super Bowl XVIII. game, 1933. funds for the construction of Contributors (administrators, the original two-building com- owners, et al.) may be elected LANCE ALWORTH SAMMY BAUGH plex, which was dedicated on while they are still active. Wide receiver. 6-0, 184. Born Quarterback. -
"Babe" Ruth 1922-1925 H&B
HUGGINS AND SCOTT'S November 10, 2016 AUCTION PRICES REALIZED LOT# TITLE BIDS 1 Rare George "Babe" Ruth 1922-1925 H&B "Kork Grip" Pro Model Bat Ordered For 1923 Opening Day of Yankee Stadium!46 $ 25,991.25 2 1909-11 T206 White Borders Ray Demmitt (St. Louis) Team Variation-- SGC 50 VG-EX 4 12 $ 3,346.00 3 1909-11 T206 White Borders Christy Mathewson (White Cap) SGC 60 EX 5 11 $ 806.63 4 1909-11 T206 White Borders Christy Mathewson (White Cap) SGC 55 VG-EX+ 4.5 11 $ 627.38 5 1909-11 T206 White Borders Christy Mathewson (Portrait) PSA VG-EX 4 15 $ 1,135.25 6 1909-11 T206 White Borders Christy Mathewson (Dark Cap) with Sovereign Back--PSA VG-EX 4 13 $ 687.13 7 1909-11 T206 White Borders Ty Cobb (Bat On Shoulder) Pose--PSA Poor 1 9 $ 567.63 8 1909-11 T206 White Borders Larry Doyle (with Bat) SGC 84 NM 7 4 $ 328.63 9 1909-11 T206 White Borders Johnny Evers (Batting, Chicago on Shirt) SGC 70 EX+ 5.5 7 $ 388.38 10 1909-11 T206 White Borders Frank Delehanty SGC 82 EX-MT+ 6.5 6 $ 215.10 11 1909-11 T206 White Borders Joe Tinker (Bat Off Shoulder) SGC 60 EX 5 11 $ 274.85 12 1909-11 T206 White Borders Frank Chance (Yellow Portrait) SGC 60 EX 5 9 $ 274.85 13 1909-11 T206 White Borders Mordecai Brown (Portrait) SGC 55 VG-EX+ 4.5 5 $ 286.80 14 1909-11 T206 White Borders John McGraw (Portrait, No Cap) SGC 60 EX 5 10 $ 328.63 15 1909-11 T206 White Borders John McGraw (Glove at Hip) SGC 60 EX 5 10 $ 262.90 16 1909-11 T206 White Border Hall of Famers (3)--All SGC 30-60 8 $ 418.25 17 1909-11 T206 White Borders Nap Lajoie SGC 40-50 Graded Trio 21 $ 776.75