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Valuation of NFL Franchises
Valuation of NFL Franchises Author: Sam Hill Advisor: Connel Fullenkamp Acknowledgement: Samuel Veraldi Honors thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Graduation with Distinction in Economics in Trinity College of Duke University Duke University Durham, North Carolina April 2010 1 Abstract This thesis will focus on the valuation of American professional sports teams, specifically teams in the National Football League (NFL). Its first goal is to analyze the growth rates in the prices paid for NFL teams throughout the history of the league. Second, it will analyze the determinants of franchise value, as represented by transactions involving NFL teams, using a simple ordinary-least-squares regression. It also creates a substantial data set that can provide a basis for future research. 2 Introduction This thesis will focus on the valuation of American professional sports teams, specifically teams in the National Football League (NFL). The finances of the NFL are unparalleled in all of professional sports. According to popular annual rankings published by Forbes Magazine (http://www.Forbes.com/2009/01/13/nfl-cowboys-yankees-biz-media- cx_tvr_0113values.html), NFL teams account for six of the world’s ten most valuable sports franchises, and the NFL is the only league in the world with an average team enterprise value of over $1 billion. In 2008, the combined revenue of the league’s 32 teams was approximately $7.6 billion, the majority of which came from the league’s television deals. Its other primary revenue sources include ticket sales, merchandise sales, and corporate sponsorships. The NFL is also known as the most popular professional sports league in the United States, and it has been at the forefront of innovation in the business of sports. -
Sun Devil Legends
SUN DEVIL LEGENDS over North Carolina. Local sports historians point to that game as the introduction of Arizona State Frank Kush football to the national scene. Five years later, the Sun Devils again capped an undefeated season by ASU Coach, 1958-1979 downing Nebraska, 17-14. The win gave ASU a No. In 1955, Hall of Fame coach Dan Devine hired 2 national ranking for the year, and ushered ASU Frank Kush as one of his assistants at Arizona into the elite of college football programs. State. It was his first coaching job. Just three years • The success of Arizona State University football later, Kush succeeded Devine as head coach. On under Frank Kush led to increased exposure for the December 12, 1995 he joined his mentor and friend university through national and regional television in the College Football Hall of Fame. appearances. Evidence of this can be traced to the Before he went on to become a top coach, Frank fact that Arizona State’s enrollment increased from Kush was an outstanding player. He was a guard, 10,000 in 1958 (Kush’s first season) to 37,122 playing both ways for Clarence “Biggie” Munn at in 1979 (Kush’s final season), an increase of over Michigan State. He was small for a guard; 5-9, 175, 300%. but he played big. State went 26-1 during Kush’s Recollections of Frank Kush: • One hundred twenty-eight ASU football student- college days and in 1952 he was named to the “The first three years that I was a head coach, athletes coached by Kush were drafted by teams in Look Magazine All-America team. -
Sun Devil Stadium: University Gridiron Grows Up
Sun Devil Stadium: University Gridiron Grows Up arved between two mountain buttes in the desert Southwest is an impor- Ctant training facility for aspiring pro- fessional football players. Ironically profes- sional football plays no part in its construction or maintenance. Sun Devil Stadium in Phoe- nix, AZ., is the sole responsibility of Arizo- na State University (ASU) in Tempe. The fact that this stadium has become one of the most recognized in college football and may one day serve a professional football team is purely the result of the foresight of individuals in the athletic and physical plant departments at the university. There is no minor league in football. Those athletes whose desire in life is to be profes- sional football players have just one way to get there, by going to school and demon- strating their prowess on the gridirons at colleges and universities in small towns and cities across the U.S. These fields are the stage where football careers begin for some and end for others. They are the proving grounds and training facilities for a multi- billion dollar industry. But they are also a tremendous source of national recognition for American colleges and universities, a factor that attracts students and endowments to campuses. When Sun Devil Stadium was built in 1959, television was still in its infancy and national recognition for college teams was hard to gain. ASU trustees at the time wer- en't thinking about television revenues or professional football. Their primary concern was providing a football facility in which stu- dent athletes could compete successfully with other colleges in the Western Athletic Conference. -
Oakland Raiders Schedule Release 1220 Harbor Bay Parkway | Alameda, Ca 94502 | Raiders.Com
OAKLAND RAIDERS SCHEDULE RELEASE 1220 HARBOR BAY PARKWAY | ALAMEDA, CA 94502 | RAIDERS.COM RAIDERS TO PLAY IN FIVE PRIME-TIME GAMES IN 2017, MOST SINCE AFL/NFL MERGER 2017 HIGHLIGHTS 2017 SCHEDULE In their 58th season of play, the Raiders will play in five prime-time PRESEASON games in 2017, the most the team has played in since the AFL/ Sat., Aug. 12 at Arizona Cardinals 7:00 p.m. NFL merger in 1970. Aug. 17-21 LOS ANGELES RAMS TBD Sat., Aug. 26 at Dallas Cowboys 5:00 p.m. The schedule includes six games against playoff teams from 2016. Aug. 31-Sept. 1 SEATTLE SEAHAWKS TBD The Raiders have three back-to-back road trips in 2017 (Sept. 24 REGULAR SEASON at Washington and Oct. 1. at Denver; Oct. 29 at Buffalo and Nov. Sun., Sept. 10 at Tennessee Titans 10:00 a.m. CBS 5 at Miami; Dec. 25 at Philadelphia and Dec. 31 at LA Chargers). Sun., Sept. 17 NEW YORK JETS 1:05 p.m. CBS Sun., Sept. 24 at Washington Redskins 5:30 p.m. NBC Sun., Oct. 1 at Denver Broncos 1:25 p.m. CBS The Raiders have three straight home games twice (Weeks 5-7 Sun., Oct. 8 BALTIMORE RAVENS 1:05 p.m. CBS and Weeks 11-13), but the team’s Week 11 game vs. New England Sun., Oct. 15 LOS ANGELES CHARGERS 1:25 p.m. CBS is a home game in Mexico City. Thu., Oct. 19 KANSAS CITY CHIEFS 5:25 p.m. CBS Sun., Oct. 29 at Buffalo Bills 10:00 a.m. -
Georgia Dome Facts, Figures and Records
GEORGIA DOME FACTS, FIGURES AND RECORDS ‐ The Georgia Dome is the only venue to host the Olympics, Super Bowl and NCAA men’s basketball Final Four. ‐ The Georgia Dome had two general managers in its quarter century run: Khalil Johnson served as general manager from 1989 (during the construction phase) to 2002 when he was named Chief Operating Officer of the Georgia World Congress Center Authority; and Carl Adkins was promoted from assistant manager to general manager in 2002, staying in this role until 2016. ‐ More than 1,400 events took place at the Georgia Dome, drawing 37 million guests and generating more than $7 billion in economic impact. ‐ The grand opening of the Georgia Dome included the stadium’s first official public event entitled “Roam the Dome” held Aug. 14-16, 1992 featuring marching bands, parades and non-athletic competitions, drawing more than 230,000 visitors. ‐ The weekend after “Roam the Dome,” the Atlanta Falcons began the team’s 25-year residency at the Georgia Dome with an exhibition game victory over the Philadelphia Eagles on Aug. 23, 1992 in front of 66,464 fans. ‐ The Georgia Dome’s first concert was the Olympic Flag jam on Sept. 17, 1992, featuring performances by multiple acts, including Whitney Houston, James Brown, Travis Tritt, Santana, TLC, Trisha Yearwood, Lee Greenwood, Alabama, Atlanta Rhythm Section and Gladys Knight. ‐ The first headlining concert at the dome was U2’s Zoo TV Tour, which stopped over on Sept. 25, 1992, drawing a crowd of 52,318. Big Audio Dynamite II and Public Enemy were also on the bill. -
TAMPA GAME Tulane Stadium - TULANE UNIVERSITY - New Orleans, La
- -~ ------ Tulane Player Photos, 19-24 Tampa Player Pho tos, 39-41 Gridiron Glossary, 14 Tonight's Game, 3 Wave Words, 41 First Team to Fly, 37 Food For Though t, 53 Photos of New Library, 42-44 Saturday, October 5, 1968 - 7:30 p. m. TAMPA GAME Tulane Stadium - TULANE UNIVERSITY - New Orleans, La. Whenthe playgets rough and tough reach!or the brewthat's smooth and mellow JACKSON BREWING CO., NEW ORLEANS, LA. Published by TULANE UNIVERSI T Y ATHLETIC DEPT. Edited by B1LL CURL, Sports Information Dir. Photos by OUCHDOWlil Arm and Bertin, Tulane Univ .; Jim Laugh ead TULANE FOOTBALL MAGAZINE 6 Photography, Dallas, T ex.; Leon Tric e Pho AND OFFICIAL GAME PROGRAM tography, New Orlean s; Pedro's Art Studio , New Orleans. Cov ers by John Chase; Vol. 1, No. 2, Saturday, October 5, 1968 , New Orleans , la. Printin g by Mol~naar Printing Company . • TlaNTtun • Tl H .IIU. • 111 -• TULANE TACKLE LARRY MICKAL TAMPA TACKLE DICK NITTENGER CONTENTS All.Ameri can s -·· ·-········ -·-·················· ·- .............. 16 Athletic Staff ·······-····--- - ------ 15 Cam.PixBasketball _ ....-·········- ____ ···········-·········-·-·____ ___· ···-·····-·.42-44"'9 Conce ss.ion Prices .. _ _________ 12 Cover Story ------ - ------ 13 Do You Remember __________ 25 1968 Green Wave Football Staff --··· 17 Fr eshman Football -············ .. ·--· - --- -" S Scores and Schedule LineupFuture s Schedule___ s _····-····-______ -- ---_ __ - __.-cc,-.c8.2946 Next Home Opponents - - -- -····-·· ··- 56 Houston 54 ............... ..... .... ........ Tulane 7 Opponents _ _ ___ ·--- --·· ········- 38 Texas A & M 35 .......... ·-········-··· Tulane 3 Penalties -- :=-c:------------,,,,.... 51 Play er Photos , Tulane ________ 19.24 Oct. 5- *TAMPA ................ _Home- 7:30 .!'layer l'hotos, Opponents -······ - ···--··--- 39-41 Record s __ ____ ____ __ _ 32•36 Oct. -
PRO FOOTBALL HALL of FAME TEACHER ACTIVITY GUIDE 2020-2021 Edition
PRO FOOTBALL HALL OF FAME TEACHER ACTIVITY GUIDE 2020-2021 EDITIOn Quarterback Joe Namath - Hall of fame class of 1985 nEW YORK JETS Team History The history of the New York franchise in the American Football League is the story of two distinct organizations, the Titans and the Jets. Interlocking the two in continuity is the player personnel which went with the franchise in the ownership change from Harry Wismer to a five-man group headed by David “Sonny” Werblin in February 1963. The three-year reign of Wismer, who was granted a charter AFL franchise in 1959, was fraught with controversy. The on-the-field happenings of the Titans were often overlooked, even in victory, as Wismer moved from feud to feud with the thoughtlessness of one playing Russian roulette with all chambers loaded. In spite of it all, the Titans had reasonable success on the field but they were a box office disaster. Werblin’s group purchased the bankrupt franchise for $1,000,000, changed the team name to Jets and hired Weeb Ewbank as head coach. In 1964, the Jets moved from the antiquated Polo Grounds to newly- constructed Shea Stadium, where the Jets set an AFL attendance mark of 45,665 in the season opener against the Denver Broncos. Ewbank, who had enjoyed championship success with the Baltimore Colts in the 1950s, patiently began a building program that received a major transfusion on January 2, 1965 when Werblin signed Alabama quarterback Joe Namath to a rumored $400,000 contract. The signing of the highly-regarded Namath proved to be a major factor in the eventual end of the AFL-NFL pro football war of the 1960s. -
VENUECONNECT 2013 ATTENDEES As of 11/12/2013
VENUECONNECT 2013 ATTENDEES as of 11/12/2013 FULL_NAME COMPANY CITY STATE/ PROVINCE COUNTRY Aaron Hurt Howard L. Schrott Arts Center Indianapolis IN Abbie Jo Vander Bol Show Me Center Cape Girardeau MO Adam Cook Rexall Place & Edmonton Expo Centre Edmonton AB Canada Adam Saunders Robert A. (Bob) Bowers Civic Center Port Arthur TX Adam Sinclair American Airlines Center Dallas TX Adam Straight Georgia Dome Atlanta GA Adina Alford Erwin The Fox Theatre - Atlanta Atlanta GA Adonis Jeralds Charlotte Coliseum Charlotte NC Adrian Collier University Center Mercer University Macon GA Adrian Moreno West Cal Arena Sulphur LA AJ Boleski INTRUST Bank Arena/SMG Wichita KS AJ Holzherr Birmingham CrossPlex Birmingham AL Al Diaz McAllen Auditorium & Convention Center McAllen TX Al Karosas Bryce Jordan Center Penn State University University Park PA Al Rojas Kay Bailey Hutchison Convention Center Dallas TX Alan Freeman Louisiana Superdome & New Orleans Arena New Orleans LA Albert Driscoll Halifax Forum Community Association Halifax NS Albert Milano Strategic Philanthropy, LLC Dallas TX Alberto Galarza Humacao Arena & PAC Humacao PR Alexander Diaz Madison Square Garden New York NY Alexis Berggren Dolby Theatre Hollywood CA Allen Johnson Orlando Venues/Amway Center Orlando FL Andrea Gates-Ehlers UIC Forum Chicago IL Andrew McQueen Leflore County Civic Center/ Argi-Center Greenwood MS Andrew Thompson Harborside Event Center Fort Myers FL Andy Gillentine University of South Carolina Columbia SC Angel Mitchell Ardmore Convention Center Ardmore OK Angie Teel -
The History of the Ohio High School
The All-American Conference 1963-1978 The All-American Conference was the premier Ohio league during its existence. Massillon, Niles McKinley, Canton McKinley, and Warren Harding joined in 1963, with Steubenville in 1966, and Alliance in 1969. In 1979 the conference disbanded, primarily because of the dominance of Massillon. In the 16 years the league existed, Massillon won or tied for Champions 10 times, second 3 times, third 1 time, and fourth 2 times. 1963 – Massillon 2-0-0 1st 1971 – Massillon 3-2-0 3rd 1964 – Massillon 3-0-0 1st 1972 – Massillon 5-0-0 1st 1965 – Massillon 3-0-0 1st 1973 – Massillon 4-1-0 T 1st 1966 – Massillon 1-3-0 T-4th 1974 – Massillon 3-2-0 2nd 1967 – Massillon 4-0-0 1st 1975 – Massillon 3-2-0 2nd 1968 – Massillon 3-2-0 2nd 1976 – Massillon 5-0-0 1st 1969 – Massillon 2-2-1 4th 1977 – Massillon 4-1-0 T 1st 1970 – Massillon 5-0-0 1st 1978 – Massillon 4-0-1 1st The following is a Master’s Thesis by James Rubin (owner of Howards Tiger Rags) written in 1973. This is a partial history of the Conference. THE HISTORY OF THE OHIO HIGH SCHOOL ALL-AMERICAN FOOTBALL CONFERENCE 1963 - 1972 A Problem Presented to The College of Education of The University of Akron In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts James Rubin June, 1973 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. THE PROBLEM AND DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED ..............................................1 The Problem .........................................................................................................................4 Statement -
NFL World Championship Game, the Super Bowl Has Grown to Become One of the Largest Sports Spectacles in the United States
/ The Golden Anniversary ofthe Super Bowl: A Legacy 50 Years in the Making An Honors Thesis (HONR 499) by Chelsea Police Thesis Advisor Mr. Neil Behrman Signed Ball State University Muncie, Indiana May 2016 Expected Date of Graduation May 2016 §pCoJI U ncler.9 rod /he. 51;;:, J_:D ;l.o/80J · Z'7 The Golden Anniversary ofthe Super Bowl: A Legacy 50 Years in the Making ~0/G , PG.5 Abstract Originally known as the AFL-NFL World Championship Game, the Super Bowl has grown to become one of the largest sports spectacles in the United States. Cities across the cotintry compete for the right to host this prestigious event. The reputation of such an occasion has caused an increase in demand and price for tickets, making attendance nearly impossible for the average fan. As a result, the National Football League has implemented free events for local residents and out-of-town visitors. This, along with broadcasting the game, creates an inclusive environment for all fans, leaving a lasting legacy in the world of professional sports. This paper explores the growth of the Super Bowl from a novelty game to one of the country' s most popular professional sporting events. Acknowledgements First, and foremost, I would like to thank my parents for their unending support. Thank you for allowing me to try new things and learn from my mistakes. Most importantly, thank you for believing that I have the ability to achieve anything I desire. Second, I would like to thank my brother for being an incredible role model. -
Eagles' Team Travel
PRO FOOTBALL HALL OF FAME TEACHER ACTIVITY GUIDE 2019-2020 EDITIOn PHILADELPHIA EAGLES Team History The Eagles have been a Philadelphia institution since their beginning in 1933 when a syndicate headed by the late Bert Bell and Lud Wray purchased the former Frankford Yellowjackets franchise for $2,500. In 1941, a unique swap took place between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh that saw the clubs trade home cities with Alexis Thompson becoming the Eagles owner. In 1943, the Philadelphia and Pittsburgh franchises combined for one season due to the manpower shortage created by World War II. The team was called both Phil-Pitt and the Steagles. Greasy Neale of the Eagles and Walt Kiesling of the Steelers were co-coaches and the team finished 5-4-1. Counting the 1943 season, Neale coached the Eagles for 10 seasons and he led them to their first significant successes in the NFL. Paced by such future Pro Football Hall of Fame members as running back Steve Van Buren, center-linebacker Alex Wojciechowicz, end Pete Pihos and beginning in 1949, center-linebacker Chuck Bednarik, the Eagles dominated the league for six seasons. They finished second in the NFL Eastern division in 1944, 1945 and 1946, won the division title in 1947 and then scored successive shutout victories in the 1948 and 1949 championship games. A rash of injuries ended Philadelphia’s era of domination and, by 1958, the Eagles had fallen to last place in their division. That year, however, saw the start of a rebuilding program by a new coach, Buck Shaw, and the addition of quarterback Norm Van Brocklin in a trade with the Los Angeles Rams. -
Annual Awards
ANNUAL AwARDS Rehan Muttalib ’09 TEAM AwARDS Coach bob blackman trophy Jake crouthamel award Kenneth t. young award To the player, selected To the junior or sopho- To the junior or sopho- by the coaching staff, more offensive player, more defensive player, who has contributed selected by the coaching selected by the coaching most to the success of staff, who has contrib- staff, who has contrib- the team . Gift of L . G . uted most to the success uted most to the success Balfour Company . of the team . Gift of Ken- of the team . Gift of Ken- neth Young ’48 . neth Young ’48 . Ian Wilson, SS Tim McManus, WR Peter Pidermann, FS 2008 Winner 2008 Winner 2008 Winner 1959 Bill Gundy, QB 1972 Rick Klupchak, HB 1978 Cody Press, DB 1960 Alan Rozycki, HB 1973 Tom Snickenberger, QB 1979 Jerry Pierce, LB 1961 Gary Spiess, HB 1974 Reggie Williams, LB 1980 Scott Hacker, LB 1962 Bill King, QB 1975 Pat Sullivan, OG 1981 Joe Moore, DB Don McKinnon, C-LB 1976 Sam Coffey, TB 1982 Steve Karol, LB 1963 Scott Creelman, E 1977 Jeff Hickey, LB 1983 Don Pomeroy, LB 1964 Jack McLean, DB 1978 Jeff Dufresne, TB 1984 Peter Kortebein, LB 1965 Ed Long, E 1979 Dave Shula, SE 1985 Tom Ramsey, DT 1966 Pete Walton, FB 1980 George Thompson, OG 1986 Brett Matthews, DB 1967 Steve Luxford, HB 1981 Wayne Ferree, OT 1987 Paul Michael, LB 1968 Randy Wallick, OE 1982 Jack Daly, WR 1988 Kevin Luensmann, DT 1969 Tom Quinn, HB 1983 Rich Weissman, TB 1989 Peter Chapman, DT 1970 John Short, HB 1984 Doug Keare, TE 1990 Sal Sciretto, DB 1971 Stuart Simms, FB 1985 Dave Gabianelli, QB Harry