Actinopterygii Class: Amphibia Class: Arachnida Class: Insecta
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Class: Actinopterygii • Bony Fishes Class: Amphibia • Frogs, toads, salamanders, caecilians Class: Arachnida • Eight-legged invertebrates includes spiders, scorpions, mites Class: Insecta • Six-legged invertebrates includes insects Goldfish Carassius auratus Class: Actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes Family: Cyprinidae Characteristics: There are many different varieties of goldfish that vary greatly in color and appearance. Common, wild goldfish range in color from orange to olive green to milky white. These goldfish have a general fin pattern that is two sets of paired fins - the pectoral fins and pelvic fins, and three single fins- the dorsal, caudal, and anal fin. Goldfish can grow to be 1.5 feet long, but are usually smaller. They have large eyes and no scales on the head. (Animal Range & Habitat: Diversity) Native to Eastern Asia, including China and adjacent Behavior: Goldfish are somewhat social fish and tend to school with regions. Goldfish can now be other fish of similar size. They live well with other varieties of found almost everywhere there goldfish and different fish species. Goldfish are very common as pets is fresh water. Goldfish are and ornamental pond fish. If properly cared for, they do well in mostly kept as pets in these environments. Goldfish are also commonly used in research. aquariums or small ponds. Reproduction: Females will spawn multiple times during the breeding period. The eggs are sticky and will hold on underwater vegetation for development. The juveniles need high temperatures to grow properly (Fishbase). Goldfish can hybridize with common carp and in some places the hybrids outnumber the pure goldfish. (blue:native red:introduced) Diet: Wild: Goldfish are opportunistic feeders and will feed on most Lifespan: up to 25 years in captivity, 6-7 years in the wild. available items like crustaceans, insects, and various plant matter. Zoo: Pelleted fish food Special Adaptations: Goldfish were domesticated from carp Conservation: IUCN evaluated the goldfish as least concern. more than a thousand years ago in Goldfish can be found most places that fresh water exists. The China. Goldfish are smaller and species has been introduced worldwide. In the USA, goldfish in the more colorful than common carp. wild are considered a pest species. (USGS) IUCN Conservation Status: FYI: Least Concern - Goldfish have a good memory and can even recognize faces and voices of its owners. -They can be trained to swim through hoops and play soccer. Koi Cyprinus carpio haematopterus Class: Actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes Family: Cyprinidae Characteristics: Small to very large size fish, depending on age. Koi are an ornamental, decorative variety of domesticated common carp. Carp were first bred for color in 1820 in Japan. There are over 20 different Koi varieties, distinguished mostly by their color patterns. Koi vary in color with different varieties being white, black, red, yellow, blue, and cream. The possible colors are virtually limitless, due to specific breeding of the fish. Koi are hardy fish, and can even survive winter temperatures. However, they do require the water to have a great deal of oxygen while they are polluting it quickly. Oxygen pumps or water circulation devices are often Range & Habitat: necessary in smaller ponds. Carp are originally found in central Europe and Asia. Carp were first Behavior: domesticated in East Asia, and Koi are very friendly fish. They can even learn to recognize the person have since spread almost feeding them and take food from the hand. They live peacefully with other worldwide. Koi are generally kept fish species, and will school together if they are comfortable in their in outdoor koi ponds or water environment. Koi will stir up the sediment from the bottom of the pond, gardens. causing very dirty water. Reproduction: Koi reproduce similarly to most other fish species. This reproductive method is called spawning. The female will lay a large numbers of eggs, and one or more males will externally fertilize the eggs. Koi will produce thousands of offspring, called fry, at one time. Diet: Lifespan: up to 100-200 Wild: Omnivores eating mostly algae, insect larvae, and pond vegetation. years in captivity. Zoo: Koi pelleted fish food Special Adaptations: Koi are an Conservation: ornamental variety of common Information is only available for wild common carp. carp, and have beautiful colors. FYI: IUCN Conservation Status: Koi fish are common symbols in Chinese culture and feng shui. The koi fish Not Evaluated is said to have a powerful and energetic life force, demonstrated by its ability to swim against currents and even travel upstream. Some of the symbolism associated with koi are; good fortune, success, prosperity, longevity, courage, ambition, and perseverance. Green Tree Frog Litoria caerulea Class: Amphibia Order: Anura Family: Hylidae Characteristics: The Green Tree Frog (also known as White’s Tree Frog) ranges in color from green, to blue, to brown, to gray. These frogs have some color changing ability and often change from colorful to brown and back again. Green Tree Frogs are one of the largest tree frog species with females measuring about 4 inches long and males about 3 inches long. They have webbed feet fingers and toes and very large toe pads. Females have a white, smooth throat, while males have a grayish, wrinkled throat. The fat folds and ridges, along with their color, contribute to the nickname “dumpy” tree frog. The skin is covered in a slimy mucus to aid in moisture retention. (Bruin, T. 2000) Range & Habitat: Found in the northern and eastern Behavior: parts of Australia, and in southern The Green Tree Frog does not have a fear of humans, and is very tame in nature. New Guinea. They prefer moist They are most active during the summer rainy months at all times of day and forest habitat, but have adapted to night. During the dry season, they will often burrow into the ground to stay moist. drier areas as well. Often found in The males will call year round, but this should not be confused with the high- pitched distress call. (National Zoo) urban and suburban areas in bathrooms, water tanks, and Reproduction: reservoirs. Mating season for the Green Tree Frog is in the summer. They are sexually mature at 2 years of age. The female shoots her 150-300 eggs out, through the deposited sperm cloud, with such energy, that the eggs can land up to 1.5 feet away. The eggs float on top of the water until they are fertilized. Once fertilized, the eggs sink and hatch about three days later. Metamorphosis from a tadpole to a frog can occur in two to three weeks. Diet: Wild: Insects such as, moths, locusts, and roaches. Zoo: Crickets Lifespan: up to 16 years in captivity. Conservation: IUCN lists the Green Tree Frog as least concern since 2004, but also noted that the Special Adaptations: Scientists information needs updating. The population is considered stable. Pollution, believe they can control how much predation, export for pet trade, and disease epidemic are of greatest concern for water is lost through the skin and the decline of the species. therefor adapt to many different habitats including dry and urban. FYI: The Green Tree Frog is also known as the White’s Tree Frog, Australian Green Tree Frog, or Dumpy Tree Frog. These frogs have been known to hop onto IUCN Conservation Status: people’s laps while they are using the restroom. Least Concern Ornate Horned Frog Ceratophrys ornata Class: Amphibia Order: Anura Family: Ceratophryidae Characteristics: The name horned frog comes from the folds of skin above its eyes that look like horns. This is a large frog, usually measuring about 5.5 inches long. These frogs can weigh up to a pound with females being larger than males. Ornate Horned Frogs are very colorful with many shades of green, red, orange, yellow, black, and brown on their body. Sometimes they are referred to as “mouths with legs” because the mouth takes up most of the front portion of the body. (National Zoo) Range & Habitat: Behavior: Found in Argentina, Uruguay, and These frogs are most active in the day, but are very passive. Juveniles may southern Brazil. These frogs live in be active hunters, but adult frogs will burrow into the ground and wait for grasslands near water, and in prey to come close. Ornate Horned frogs are terrestrial frogs that are ditches or irrigated cropland. often solitary. They are known to be fearless, and will defend themselves against any size predator. If threatened, the Ornate Horned Frog will bite predators using their vomerine teeth. Reproduction: Ornate Horned Frogs reach sexual maturity around 1.5-2 years of age. The females will deposit up to 2,000 eggs into standing water. The eggs will take a few weeks to hatch, and tadpoles metamorphose within 2 weeks in good conditions. (Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium) Diet: Wild: Ornate Horned Frogs are notorious for eating any prey item that they can fit in their mouth including; mice, insects, lizards, and other frogs. Lifespan: up to 6 years Zoo: Crickets, pinkies in captivity. Conservation: Special Adaptations: They will In 2004, the species was listed as near threatened, but it has been noted hibernate for up to 6 months in the by IUCN that the research needs updating. Ornate Horned Frogs are dry season to conserve water. declining in the wild. It is now rare in Brazil and Argentina. The biggest threat to the population is habitat loss due to development and pollution. IUCN Conservation Status: It is also used in the pet trade and for research. Near Threatened FYI: They can also be known as Argentina Horned Frog, Bell’s Ceratophrys, or Pac-man frogs. Chilean Rose Tarantula Grammostola rosea Class: Arachnida Order: Artanae Family: Theraphosidae Characteristics: Body -1.5 in or longer; leg span up to 5.75 in.