DOCSLIB.ORG

Bush Stone-Curlew Husbandry Manual

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bush Stone-Curlew Husbandry Manual bush stone-curlew husbandry manual File Name: bush stone-curlew husbandry manual.pdf Size: 3996 KB Type: PDF, ePub, eBook Category: Book Uploaded: 22 May 2019, 22:19 PM Rating: 4.6/5 from 569 votes. Status: AVAILABLE Last checked: 8 Minutes ago! In order to read or download bush stone-curlew husbandry manual ebook, you need to create a FREE account. Download Now! eBook includes PDF, ePub and Kindle version ✔ Register a free 1 month Trial Account. ✔ Download as many books as you like (Personal use) ✔ Cancel the membership at any time if not satisfied. ✔ Join Over 80000 Happy Readers Book Descriptions: We have made it easy for you to find a PDF Ebooks without any digging. And by having access to our ebooks online or by storing it on your computer, you have convenient answers with bush stone- curlew husbandry manual . To get started finding bush stone-curlew husbandry manual , you are right to find our website which has a comprehensive collection of manuals listed. Our library is the biggest of these that have literally hundreds of thousands of different products represented. Home | Contact | DMCA Book Descriptions: bush stone-curlew husbandry manual Indian stone curlew morphologically characterized by sandy black bill, large yellow eyes and prominent black and white wing bars. The nest was found to build on furrowed soil with fine clay, gravel or sand having free drainage during the months of March and April. The vegetation in breeding ground mainly comprised of species of Family Amaranthaceae, Solanaceae, Malvaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Polygonaceae and Asteraceae. During the breeding both the parents defend breeding ground against their natural enemies by maintaining the nest territory of 100 meters. Two eggs dirty white in colour with dark brown irregular patches were observed in each nest. The incubation period was 27 days. Both the parents participate in incubation and rearing the hatchlings. Hatchlings are precocial and start feeding after hatching. The young one migrates to feeding grounds after a span of approximately three to four months. Due to intensive anthropogenic activities, Indian stone curlew is facing habitat and breeding ground shrinkage. The farmers and town planners should be advised to manage some area with natural habitation to ensure its nesting, feeding and breeding success of this important species. Stone curlew in the breeding ground. Download fulltext PDF The nest was foun d to build on furrowe d soil with fine clay, grav el o r sand hav ing fre e drai nage during the months of March a nd April. The ve getati on in bre eding ground m ainl y comprised of species of Family Ama rantha ceae, Sola nacea e, Malv aceae, Euphorbiacea e, Polygo nacea e and Aste racea e. During th e b reedin g bo th th e p arents defen d bre eding groun d a gainst their natura l ene mies by maintain ing the nest territory of 100 meters. Two eggs dirty white in colour with dark brown irregula r patches were observe d in each nest. The incubatio n period was 27 days. Both the parents participate in incubatio n and rearin g the ha tchlings. Hatchli ngs are precocia l and sta rt feed ing after ha tching.http://danipatest.com/danipa/admin/images/sidebar/field-manual-for-m500-shotgun.xml bush stone curlew husbandry manual, bush stone-curlew husbandry manual, bush stone curlew husbandry manual, bush stone-curlew husbandry manual pdf, bush stone-curlew husbandry manual 2017, bush stone-curlew husbandry manual 2016, bush stone-curlew husbandry manual download. The y oung one migrates to f eedin g grounds after a spa n of approx imate ly three to four months. Due to int ensiv e anthro pogen ic activitie s, India n stone curlew i s facing habita t and breed ing ground shrinkage. Most of the stone curlews are threatened species of IUCN and a re charact erized by dis tinctive sandy brown colour, with long yellow legs, yellow and black bill, and large yellow eyes. Curlew is a s ensi tive bird and us ually s quats w ith body pressed to the ground and stre tches its neck when alarm ed. Stone curlews build their nest on soil, which is light and free draining; it may be fine clay, chal ky, gravel, lime stone or sand. The nests are normally present on bar e so il or arid waste land. Till date no information is available on its breeding biology in fast changing agroc limatic envi rons of Haryana. MA TERIALS AN D METHODS The field observati ons on Indian s tone curlew were con ducted during the months of March to May, 2014. The observ ations were recorded in the morning and evening hours. Photographs were taken by 5.3 mega pixel camera with 30X extend zoom. RESULTS Indian stone curlews are morphologically characte rized by sandy brown colour, with long yellow legs and more black and yellow bill, large yellow eyes and prominent black and white w ings bars, which camouflage with back ground ha bi tat Fig. 1. The stone curlew s initiated courtship behaviour in the month of March and built nest on furrowed land in Unive rsity Campus slightl y raised portio n in the field Fig. 2. The vegetat ion in thi s breeding ground comprised of Gomphrena globosa, Solanum nigrum, Sida sp., Ricinus communis, Coculus s p., Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, Rumex sp. Amaranthus sp., Ageratum sp., Silene sp., Euphorbia hirta, Argemone m exicana, Pluchea sp., Calotropis sp. and Ziziphus sp.http://www.sadrove-omietky.sk/uploads/field-manual-for-m9.xml However, i n site near Ayurvedi c College in urban estate, the nests were built only on soil with scarce grass around having Boerhaav ia diff usa, Dichant hium, Chenopodium album, Convolvul us ar vensis, Polygonu m sp., Malvastrum sp., Alternanthera sp., Peristrophe bicalycu lata and Phalaris major. How ever, most of the eggs were observed in March and April. During the breed ing, both t he parents defend breeding ground against numerous na tural enemies like sh ikras, kites, crows, lapwings, mongoose, snakes, squirrels and some ro dents species. T he nest territory, maintaine d by stone cur lew, was 100 me ters. T he nest territory was defended ag gressively against the intruders. In each nest two eggs were observed. Each egg w as ap proximately 50 mm long and 35 mm broad and dirty white in colour wi th dark brown irregular patches. Eggs were at broad in one end and pointed at other end. The egg colora tion, camoufl age with the nest background. Eggs were in cubated by both the parents for 27 days Fig. 3. Precocial chic ks were hatched out in the t hird week of April. Hatchlings and fledgi ng success was approximately 100% in the Kurukshetra University Campus in contrast to app rox im ate ly 5 0% in site s nea r A yur ve dic Col le ge. Hatchlings were very active Fig. 4 and left the nest on the date of hatc hing. Lapwings also shared the same breeding site and defend the predat ors along with cu rlews. The c hicks started selffe eding after one day and preferred to fe ed on insects and earthworms. Both the parents equa lly part ici pated in the parental care Fig. 5. The young one migrates to fe eding grounds after a span of a pproximately three or four months Fig. 6. Due to intensive agricultural practices and urbanization in H aryana, Indian stone curlew is facing habitat and breed ing ground shrinkage. Poachi ng, hunting, grazing and de forestation are serious threat for the survival of thi s bird. Stray dogs are posing a great threat to these birds. Fig. 1 Stone curlew in th e breeding grou nd. Note the ch aracteristic morpho logical features. Fig. 2 Breeding p air showing courtsh ip behav iour postures. Similar observations were made by Nadeem et al. 2014 and Anderson 1991. Whistler 1949 has recorded the breeding season in stone curlew extended from Marc h to August, and most nests were in a scrape on the ground near the base of bushes w hich is con sistent w ith the present observation. Nest territory defended by stone curl ew against intruder was rec orded 100 m eters during the present study in contrast to 200 meter radius re corded by e arlier workers Nadeem et al. 2014, Andrew 1 997 and Anderson 1991. The incubation period was 27 days similar to the obser vations recorded by Nadee m et al. 2014 i.e., 2427 days. Hatchlings and fledging success was approximately 100% in the Kurukshet ra University Campus and approximatel y 50% in sites near Ayurvedic College, which was s imilar to hatchling success rate recorded in different habitats of Pa kistan by Nadeem et al. 2014. CONCLUSION Indian stone curlews build their nests on furrowed s oil dur ing m onths of March and April. Both the parents partici pate in incubation and rearing the hat chlings. The young one migrates to feedi ng grounds after a span of approxi mately three or four months. Stone curlew is a t hreatened species of IUCN. Due to intensive agricul tural practices, urbanization, poaching, hunting, grazing and deforestation stone curlew is facing serious threat. The farmers and town planners should be advised for timing of plot managem ent and must leave some area with natural habitation to ensure its nesting, feeding and breeding habitat. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First author is grat eful to DBT for providing financ ial as sistance under Star College scheme.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • From the Double-Striped Stone Curlew Burhinus Bistriatus (Aves, Charadriiformes) in Colombia
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of 2-1996 Burhinotaenia colombiana n. sp. (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) from the Double-Striped Stone Curlew Burhinus bistriatus (Aves, Charadriiformes) in Colombia Boyko B. Georgiev Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Éva Murai Hungarian Natural History Museum Robert L. Rausch University of Washington, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Georgiev, Boyko B.; Murai, Éva; and Rausch, Robert L., "Burhinotaenia colombiana n. sp. (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) from the Double-Striped Stone Curlew Burhinus bistriatus (Aves, Charadriiformes) in Colombia" (1996). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 389. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/389 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. J. Parasitol.,82(1), 1996, p. 140-145 ? AmericanSociety of Parasitologists1996 BURHINOTAENIACOLOMBIANA N. SP. (CESTODA, CYCLOPHYLLIDEA)FROM THE DOUBLE-STRIPED STONE CURLEW BURHINUSBISTRIATUS (AVES, CHARADRIIFORMES)IN COLOMBIA Boyko B. Georgiev, Eva Murai*, and Robert L. Rauscht Instituteof Ecology,Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 GagarinStreet, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria ABSTRACT: Burhinotaeniacolombiana n. sp. (Dilepididae)is describedfrom the small intestine of the double-stripedstone curlewBurhinus bistriatus (Burhinidae) captured at Carimagua,Colombia. The new speciesis distinguishedfrom the most similar Burhinotaeniadelachauxi (Baer, 1925), a parasiteof the Old World Burhinusspp., by the longercirrus-sac (375-590, avg.
    [Show full text]
  • Learning About BUSH Stone-Curlews
    © 2018 Nature Conservation Working Group. This publication has been prepared as a resource for schools. Schools may copy, distribute and otherwise freely deal with this publication, or any part of it, for any educational purpose, provided that Nature Conservation Working Group is attributed as the owner. Acknowledgements: Jan Lubke and Judy Frankenberg from the Nature Conservation Working Group, Elisa Tack from Murray Local Land Services, Owen Dunlop from Petaurus Education Group Inc. and Val White. This resource was funded by Nature Conservation Working Group and supported by Murray Local Land Services through funding from NSW Catchment Action. Author: Peter Coleman, PeeKdesigns Photographers: Jan Lubke, Chris Tzaros (front cover), Raoul Slater, Simon Dallinger, Kelly Coleman, Thomas Brown, Darren Marshall Design: PeeKdesigns www.peekdesigns.com.au Printed on 100% recycled and uncoated stock. by Peter Coleman LeARnInG ABOUt BUSH StOne-CURLeWS CONTENTS Introduction for teachers ........................................................2 What are Bush Stone-curlews? ...................................................6 Activity: Colouring the Curlew . 7 Weir-loo ....................................................................9 Activity: Did you hear that? . 10 Activity: Grouping similar things . 11 Classification ................................................................12 Activity: Find the key to the name . 13 Activity: Making an Origami Curl . 14 Habitat ....................................................................16 Activity:
    [Show full text]
  • SHOREBIRDS (Charadriiformes*) CARE MANUAL *Does Not Include Alcidae
    SHOREBIRDS (Charadriiformes*) CARE MANUAL *Does not include Alcidae CREATED BY AZA CHARADRIIFORMES TAXON ADVISORY GROUP IN ASSOCIATION WITH AZA ANIMAL WELFARE COMMITTEE Shorebirds (Charadriiformes) Care Manual Shorebirds (Charadriiformes) Care Manual Published by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums in association with the AZA Animal Welfare Committee Formal Citation: AZA Charadriiformes Taxon Advisory Group. (2014). Shorebirds (Charadriiformes) Care Manual. Silver Spring, MD: Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Original Completion Date: October 2013 Authors and Significant Contributors: Aimee Greenebaum: AZA Charadriiformes TAG Vice Chair, Monterey Bay Aquarium, USA Alex Waier: Milwaukee County Zoo, USA Carol Hendrickson: Birmingham Zoo, USA Cindy Pinger: AZA Charadriiformes TAG Chair, Birmingham Zoo, USA CJ McCarty: Oregon Coast Aquarium, USA Heidi Cline: Alaska SeaLife Center, USA Jamie Ries: Central Park Zoo, USA Joe Barkowski: Sedgwick County Zoo, USA Kim Wanders: Monterey Bay Aquarium, USA Mary Carlson: Charadriiformes Program Advisor, Seattle Aquarium, USA Sara Perry: Seattle Aquarium, USA Sara Crook-Martin: Buttonwood Park Zoo, USA Shana R. Lavin, Ph.D.,Wildlife Nutrition Fellow University of Florida, Dept. of Animal Sciences , Walt Disney World Animal Programs Dr. Stephanie McCain: AZA Charadriiformes TAG Veterinarian Advisor, DVM, Birmingham Zoo, USA Phil King: Assiniboine Park Zoo, Canada Reviewers: Dr. Mike Murray (Monterey Bay Aquarium, USA) John C. Anderson (Seattle Aquarium volunteer) Kristina Neuman (Point Blue Conservation Science) Sarah Saunders (Conservation Biology Graduate Program,University of Minnesota) AZA Staff Editors: Maya Seaman, MS, Animal Care Manual Editing Consultant Candice Dorsey, PhD, Director of Animal Programs Debborah Luke, PhD, Vice President, Conservation & Science Cover Photo Credits: Jeff Pribble Disclaimer: This manual presents a compilation of knowledge provided by recognized animal experts based on the current science, practice, and technology of animal management.
    [Show full text]
  • An Ecological Study of Bush Stone-Curlews Burhinus Grallarius
    An Ecological Study of Bush Stone-curlews Burhi grallarius onKangaroo Island, South Australia Master of Science l)egree Department of Environmental Biolo gy Adelaide University Jody A. Gates 2001 Preface This thesis has been prepared in order to fulfil the requirements of the Degree of Master of Science by research, with the Department of Environmental Biology, at Adelaide University' This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or tertiary institution, and to the best of my knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference is made in the text of the thesis. I give consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Llbtary, being available for loan and photocopying. Signed: 2s-L-oZ A Date ll Acknowledsments The majority of the field research for this project was undertaken whilst I was working full- time as a Senior Ranger at Flinders Chase National Park on Kangaroo Island, between 1995 and 1998. This put considerable time constraints on f,reldwork timetables, however, National Parks and Wildlife, South Australia were supportive of the project and provided study leave to assist with undertaking fieldwork. The thesis was subsequently prepared between 1998 and 2001, when I was also predominantly employed full-time on various contracts with National Parks and Wildlife SA. The project was essentially self-funded, however, the generous support of my supervisor Dr David C. Paton is gratefully acknowledged. The NPWSA Wildlife Conservation Fund also provided a grant to cover some expenses associated with the radio-tracking component of the study.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Cuba
    ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE BIRDS OF CUBA Number 3 2020 Nils Navarro Pacheco www.EdicionesNuevosMundos.com 1 Senior Editor: Nils Navarro Pacheco Editors: Soledad Pagliuca, Kathleen Hennessey and Sharyn Thompson Cover Design: Scott Schiller Cover: Bee Hummingbird/Zunzuncito (Mellisuga helenae), Zapata Swamp, Matanzas, Cuba. Photo courtesy Aslam I. Castellón Maure Back cover Illustrations: Nils Navarro, © Endemic Birds of Cuba. A Comprehensive Field Guide, 2015 Published by Ediciones Nuevos Mundos www.EdicionesNuevosMundos.com [email protected] Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Cuba ©Nils Navarro Pacheco, 2020 ©Ediciones Nuevos Mundos, 2020 ISBN: 978-09909419-6-5 Recommended citation Navarro, N. 2020. Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Cuba. Ediciones Nuevos Mundos 3. 2 To the memory of Jim Wiley, a great friend, extraordinary person and scientist, a guiding light of Caribbean ornithology. He crossed many troubled waters in pursuit of expanding our knowledge of Cuban birds. 3 About the Author Nils Navarro Pacheco was born in Holguín, Cuba. by his own illustrations, creates a personalized He is a freelance naturalist, author and an field guide style that is both practical and useful, internationally acclaimed wildlife artist and with icons as substitutes for texts. It also includes scientific illustrator. A graduate of the Academy of other important features based on his personal Fine Arts with a major in painting, he served as experience and understanding of the needs of field curator of the herpetological collection of the guide users. Nils continues to contribute his Holguín Museum of Natural History, where he artwork and copyrights to BirdsCaribbean, other described several new species of lizards and frogs NGOs, and national and international institutions in for Cuba.
    [Show full text]
  • 164 Eurasian Stone-Curlew Put Your Logo Here
    Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze Sponsor is needed. Write your name here 164 Eurasian Stone-curlew Put your logo here AGEING 3 types of age can be recognized: Juvenile with fresh plumage till September with down at tip of tail feathers; longer lesser coverts sandy-white with a dark central streak; greater coverts with broad white band on tip. 1st year autumn/2nd year spring with moult limit between changed and juvenile retained greater coverts ( CAUTION: some birds can change all); flight feathers with the seam wear and worner than adults . Stone-curlew. Adult (08-IV). Adult usually with different wear on flight feathers; longer lesser coverts white barred dark at tip; all greater coverts with narrow white EURASIAN STONE-CURLEW band wearing to black tip. (Burhinus oedicnemus ) IDENTIFICATION 38-44 cm. Brown sandy plumage; yellow iris and legs; yellow bill with black tip; brown wings with two white bands. Stone-curlew. Ageing. Pattern of longer lesser co- verts: left adult; right juvenile. Stone-curlew. Pattern of head and upperparts. Stone-curlew. Ageing. Pattern of greater coverts: left adult; right juvenile. MOULT Complete postbreeding moult, with a large moult period between April and October; some birds ratain flight feathers during the winter which are moulted in March-April. Partial postjuvenile moult including body feathers, SIMILAR SPECIES central pair of tail feathers, and usually all or most of lesser and median wing coverts; some This species is unmistakable. birds moult all or most of greater coverts and all tail feathers; usually finished in November. SEXING Plumage of both sexes alike.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Cuba No. 2, 2018
    ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE BIRDS OF CUBA Number 2 2018-2019 Nils Navarro Pacheco www.EdicionesNuevosMundos.com Senior Editor: Nils Navarro Pacheco Editors: Soledad Pagliuca, Kathleen Hennessey and Sharyn Thompson Cover Design: Scott Schiller Cover: Cuban Pygmy Owl (Glaucidium siju), Peralta, Zapata Swamp, Matanzas, Cuba. Photo Nils Navarro Pacheco, 2017 Back cover Illustrations: Nils Navarro, © Endemic Birds of Cuba. A Comprehensive Field Guide, 2015 Published by Ediciones Nuevos Mundos www.EdicionesNuevosMundos.com [email protected] Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Cuba ©Nils Navarro Pacheco, 2018 ©Ediciones Nuevos Mundos, 2018 ISBN: 9781790608690 2 To the memory of Jim Wiley, a great friend, extraordinary person and scientist, a guiding light of Caribbean ornithology. He crossed many troubled waters in pursuit of expanding our knowledge of Cuban birds. 3 About the Author Nils Navarro Pacheco was born in Holguín, Cuba. He is a freelance author and an internationally acclaimed wildlife artist and scientific illustrator. A graduate of the Academy of Fine Arts with a major in painting, he served as curator of the herpetological collection of the Holguín Museum of Natural History, where he described several new species of lizards and frogs for Cuba. Nils has been travelling throughout the Caribbean Islands and Central America working on different projects related to the conservation of biodiversity, with a particular focus on amphibians and birds. He is the author of the book Endemic Birds of Cuba, A Comprehensive Field Guide, which, enriched by his own illustrations, creates a personalized field guide structure that is both practical and useful, with icons as substitutes for texts.
    [Show full text]
  • Burhinus Oedicnemus -- (Linnaeus, 1758)
    Burhinus oedicnemus -- (Linnaeus, 1758) ANIMALIA -- CHORDATA -- AVES -- CHARADRIIFORMES -- BURHINIDAE Common names: Eurasian Thick-knee; Stone Curlew European Red List Assessment European Red List Status LC -- Least Concern, (IUCN version 3.1) Assessment Information Year published: 2015 Date assessed: 2015-03-31 Assessor(s): BirdLife International Reviewer(s): Symes, A. Compiler(s): Ashpole, J., Burfield, I., Ieronymidou, C., Pople, R., Wheatley, H. & Wright, L. Assessment Rationale European regional assessment: Least Concern (LC) EU27 regional assessment: Least Concern (LC) In Europe this species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). The population trend appears to be increasing, and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (30% decline over ten years or three generations). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern in Europe. Within the EU27 this species has a very large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). The population trend appears to be increasing, and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (30% decline over ten years or three generations). For these
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation of Charadriiformes on the Peruvian Coast
    Pulido et al.: Charadriiformes on the Peruvian coast Conservation of Charadriiformes on the Peruvian coast Victor Pulido, Jaime Jahncke, Patricia Makamatsu & Cecilia Flores Pulldo, V., Jahncke,J., Makamatsu, P. & Flores, C. 1996. Conservation of Charadriiformes on the Peruvian coast. International Wader Studies 8: 55-61. On the Pacificcoast of Peru, the order Charadriiformesis representedby 75 species,of which 16 are residentand 59 migratefrom the Nearcticand Australregions and the GalapagosIslands. On the basisof studiesdone on shorebirdsbetween 1982 and 1991,suggestions are put forward for modifyingthe criteriafor the establishmentof Hemispheric,International and Regionalreserves within the WesternHemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network alongthe coastsof the southern Pacific.Also proposed is a strategyto be followedfor the conservationof migratorybirds on the coasts of Peru. En la costadel Pacificoen Peru,el ordende los Charadriiformesesta representado por 75 especies, de lascuales 16 sonresidentes y 59 migrande lasregiones neartica y australy de lasislas Galapagos.En basea estudioshechos sobre aves playeras entre 1982 y 1991,se plantean sugerenciaspara modificarlos criterios para el establecimientode reservashemisfericas, intemacionalesy regionales en el marcode la Redde Reservasde avesPlayeras del hemisferos Occidentala 1olargo de las costasdel oceanoPacifico sur. Tambiense propone una estrategiapara la conservacionde avesmigratorias en las costasde Peru. Sur la cStepacifique du P•rou, l'ordre desCharadriiformes compte 75 espc•ces,dont 16 y nichentet 59 y migrentdepuis les r•gions n•arctiques et australeset lesties Galapagos. Sur la foi d'•tudes d'oiseauxde rivageeffectu•es entre 1982 et 1991,on proposedes modifications aux crit•res d'•tabllssement,pour lescStes du PacifiqueSud, des r•serves h•misph•riques, intemationales et r•gionalesdu R•seaude r•servespour lesoiseaux de rivagede l'h•misph•reoccidental.
    [Show full text]
  • Infrequency of Pineal Atrophy Among Birds and Its Relation to Nocturnality
    INFREQUENCY OF PINEAL ATROPHY AMONG BIRDS AND ITS RELATION TO NOCTURNALITY W. B. QUAY Department of Zoology University of California Berkeley, California 94720 A recent resurgence of interest in the verte- any other part of the avian brain, and that it brate pineal organ or epiphysis cerebri has pro-’ is smallest in owls (Strigidae). Owing to the vided new evidence of its systematic diversity, hitherto relatively few species of adult birds as well as of its probable functional signifi- whose pineal glands have been examined, it cance in birds ( Ralph 1970). Although embry- has not been possible until recently to effec- ologically derived from the roof of a part of tively compare adult pineal development and the brain, the diencephalon, the pineal organ structure in birds with their behavioral traits has a different and unique structure and com- and daily times of activity. Although this situ- position. Microscopic and physiological studies ation has been improved, as can be ascertained have shown that, in general through the verte- from the data in table 1, it is still far from ideal. brate series, as pineal photoreceptoral activity Two major areas of deficiency in our informa- decreases, an apparent secretory capacity in- tion can be cited. There are still many families creases (Quay 1970b). Among birds only and a few orders (Gaviiformes, Gruiformes, abortive or vestigial photoreceptors have been Coliiformes, and Trogoniformes) in which identified so far in electron microscopic studies adult pineal size and structure are unknown. of the pineal organ (Oksche and Vaupel-von There are still commparativelyfew representa- Harnack 1966; Collin 1966a, b, 1967, 1968; tives of the Caprimulgiformes whose pineals Renzoni et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Indian Birds by Salim Ali
    ME*?* BOOK OF INDIAN BIRDS BY SALIM ALI \Wiih a map, 171 plates in colour (depicting 181 species) 3 in line and 18 in half-tone\ Published by THE BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, 6, Apollo Street, Fort, BOMBAY 1941 Preface A wise old Chinese proverb has it that one picture is worth 10,000 words. This is only too true in India where bird books and the amateur are concerned. The greatest drawback in most of the comparatively small number of books on Indian birds available has been the absence or extreme paucity of good coloured illustrations. A notable advance was made by Whistler's excellent Popular Handbook of Indian liirds which first appeared in 1928 and contained a small number of coloured plates. The response of the public to this long-desired feature was marked and immediate as proved by the fact that the 2nd. enlarged edition of the book lias since been sold out and a 3rd. edition, still further enlarged and with more coloured plates, is now under preparation. In the vear 1928 the Bombay Natural J^istory Society, as a step in their campaign for popularising;i Nature Study and creating a body of public opinion to back their efforts in the cause of the conservation of Indian fauna, issued a set of 5 wall- charts illustrating in colour some 200 species of common Indian birds, primarily for the vise of schools and other educational institutions. It was part of their plan that the plates prepared for these charts should l>c subsequently used to illustrate a book on the common birds of India containing simple descriptions and short life-histories of every species depicted, together with a few general chapters on bird-life calculated to interest the beginner and the lavman, and stimulate a desire for deeper study.
    [Show full text]
  • Stone Curlew (Burhinus Oedicnemus)
    Stone Curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus) 1 Definition The Stone Curlew is a migratory bird of dry, stony, open ground such as heathland and acid grassland. It is now largely confined to East Anglia, in particular the Breckland, where in recent years the species has adapted to breeding on open arable land. It is largely crepuscular or nocturnal and nests in scrapes on patches of bare earth. 2 Current status 2.1 National status Rare and localised in the UK, Stone Curlew numbers have fallen by some 85% since the 1940s and the species is now largely confined to Wessex and the Breckland. The Stone Curlew is a UK Red list species, having declined by over 50% in the last 25 years, as well as being a rare breeder and a species with an unfavourable conservation status in Europe (SPEC 3). 2.2 Local status Norfolk and Suffolk together held 183 pairs in 2000 (72% of UK breeding Stone Curlews). In Suffolk, these are largely confined to the Breckland although a small population also exists on the Suffolk coast. 2.3 Natural Areas Breckland, Suffolk Coast and Heaths 3 Current factors affecting Stone Curlew in Suffolk • Loss of semi-natural grasslands. The conversion to arable farmland or forestry of suitable short-grazed, sparsely vegetated grasslands, particularly chalk and heath grasslands, is thought to be the main reason for the decline in breeding Stone Curlews in England. • Reduced grazing by Rabbits and livestock. The reduction or loss of grazing pressure b y both Rabbits and livestock has resulted in areas becoming unsuitable for breeding stone curlews due to the growth of tall grass and scrub.
    [Show full text]