DOCSLIB.ORG

Cooling Fans How to Measure the Air Flow

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cooling Fans How to Measure the Air Flow Cooling Fans How to Measure the Air Flow- Static Pressure Characteristics & the Characteristics of Noise Two methods are available for Nozzle Auxiliary Blower measuring the air flow – static pressure Fan to be Measured characteristics: the air-duct measurement method via the pitot tube, and the double chamber measurement method. Chamber A Chamber B Oriental Motor employs the double chamber method, which offers higher accuracy than the air-duct method and is used worldwide. Moreover, Oriental ∆P PS Motor uses measuring equipment conforming to AMCA (Air Moving and Conditioning Association) standard 210, a fan measurement standard that is recognized worldwide. Manometer In the double chamber method, air flow – static Figure 1 Double Chamber Measuring Device pressure characteristics of fan to be measured are obtained by measuring the pre- and post-nozzle differential pressure (∆P) and the pressure within the chamber (Ps), as shown in Figure 1. Oriental Motor's double chamber equipment is a measuring device with the highest level of general utility that may be used regardless of whether the fan is equipped with an intake or outlet tube. Q = 60CAV 2DP 3 Since this method allows the speed of the fluid = 60CA ρ [m /min] flowing through the nozzle to be determined from the A : Cross-sectional area of nozzle [m2] pressure differential between chambers A and B, the air C : Flow coefficient flow (Q) can be expressed as a product of the flow V : Average flow speed at the nozzle [m/sec] speed (V) through the nozzle, the nozzle area (A), and ρ : Air density [kg/m3] (ρ t 1.2 [kg/m3] at 20˚C [68˚F] and 1 atm.) the flow coefficient (C), as shown: DP : Differential pressure [Pa] The measurement of air flow – static pressure characteristics uses an auxiliary blower to control the pressure in chamber B, altering the pressure in chamber A. Thus, each point on the characteristics curve can be measured. Oriental Motor's measuring equipment is connected to a computer, providing extremely precise measurements in a short period of time. Changes in Air Flow – Static Pressure As shown in Figure 2, the maximum air Characteristics Using Two Fans flow is approximately twice as large using two fans. By using two fans featuring the same characteristics together, you can change the characteristics of the fans. One Fan One Fan 0.6 160 Two Fans 3200 0.6 140 Two Fans 2800 140 2800 0.5 120 2400 0.5 O] O] 120 2400 2 2 0.4 100 2000 0.4 100 2000 80 1600 0.3 80 1600 0.3 Speed [r/min] 60 1200 Speed [r/min] 60 1200 One Fan Static Pressure [Pa] 0.2 Static Pressure [Pa] Static Pressure [inH Static Pressure [inH 0.2 40 800 40 Two Fans 800 Two Fans 0.1 0.1 One Fan 20 400 20 400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 3 Air Flow [m /min] Air Flow [m3/min] 0 50 100 150 200 250 0 50 100 150 200 250 Air Flow [CFM] Air Flow [CFM] Figure 2 Change in Air Flow - Static Pressure Characteristics Using Two Fans 1 www.orientalmotor.com ● Changes in the Air Flow - Static Pressure As Figure 4 shows, the greater the Characteristics with Installation of Accessories pressure loss caused by accessories, the When installing a fan in equipment, the greater the reduction in air flow – static pressure safety and reliability of the overall apparatus characteristics. can be significantly improved by attaching accessories such as finger guards and filters. Noise However, these parts produce air flow resistance, affecting fan characteristics and fan ● What is Noise? noise. This should be taken into account when We generally refer to sounds that are selecting fans and accessories. unpleasant to us as "noise." In the case of fans, The graph in Figure 3 shows data the rotation of the fan blades causes air regarding pressure loss caused by its pressure fluctuation and generates noise. The accessories for a frame size 119 mm (4.69 in.) greater the change in air pressure, the louder sq. fan. The filter causes the most significant the resulting noise will be. pressure loss, while the finger guard causes little loss. ● Measurement of Noise The noise level of Oriental Motor fans is 0.35 measured in the A-weighted sound pressure 80 Filter level at a distance of 1 m (3.3 ft.) from the intake 0.30 Screen side (at a point above the center line of the 70 Finger Guard intake side). O] 0.25 2 60 Axial Fan Centrifugal Blower 1 m (3.3 ft.) 1 m (3.3 ft.) 0.20 50 Microphone 40 0.15 Static Pressure [Pa] Static Pressure [inH 30 0.10 Cross Flow Fan Cooling Module 20 1 m (3.3 ft.) 0.05 10 1 m (3.3 ft.) 0 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Air Flow [m3/min] 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Air Flow [CFM] Figure 3 Pressure Loss Caused by Accesories Figure 5 Ways to Measure Noise The graphs in Figure 4 show how ● Composition of Noise characteristics may change with installation of This section explains the noise level accessories, using the MU1225S-21 as an when using two fans, each of which produces example. 40 dB of noise. Noise is expressed in decibel units, and noise cannot be determined simply 50 Hz, 115 VAC 60 Hz, 115 VAC 70 70 by adding individual noise levels. The value that 0.25 0.25 60 60 expresses this combined noise is found by determining the energy of the noise and then O] O] 0.20 50 0.20 50 2 2 No Accessories using it to calculate the increase in sound 40 40 0.15 0.15 Finger Guard Equipped pressure. The relationship between sound No Accessories Screen Equipped energy (J) and sound pressure (P) is 30 Finger Guard Equipped 30 Static Pressure [Pa] 0.10 0.10 Static Pressure [Pa] Filter Equipped Static Pressure [inH Screen Equipped Static Pressure [inH expressed in the following formula: 20 20 Filter Equipped 0.05 0.05 10 10 P 2 0 0 0 0 J = 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 ρc Air Flow [m3/min] Air Flow [m3/min] where: 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Air Flow [CFM] Air Flow [CFM] ρ : Flow speed [m/s] c : Air density [kg/m³] Figure 4 Changes in Characteristics with Accessories Equipped to the MU12255-21 Using the above formula, the noise level can be expressed in decibel unit as follows: 2 www.orientalmotor.com Noise level = 20 log P/P0 3.0 2.8 = 10 log J/J0 2.6 P: Actual sound presence 2.4 J: Measured noise energy 2.2 P0, J0: Minimum noise energy audible to the human ear 2.0 1.8 In this formula the noise level is 1.6 1.4 expressed in decibels based on the reference 1.2 energy of J0. As the noise energy for n fans is n 1.0 times that of a single fan, the sound pressure Increase in Noise Level [dB(A)] 0.8 obtained by this formula will be: 0.6 0.4 0.2 Noise level = 10 log n • J/J0 0 = 10 log J/J0 +10 log n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Difference in Two Noise Levels [dB(A)] In other words, when n fans are operated simultaneously, the increase in noise is Figure 6 Difference in Two Noise Levels and Increase in equal to 10 log n [dB]. Noise Level In this example, if two 40 dB fans (n = 2) are operated simultaneously, the increase in ● Distance and Noise noise level is equal to 10 log 2 or 3 dB, and the The noise level decreases as the combined noise level is 43 dB. distance from sound source increases. The following explains the combined The decrease in noise level due to distance is noise level when a 40 dB fan and a 50 dB fan given by the following formula: are operated simultaneously. Again, the combined noise level is not given by a simple SPL2 = SPL1 - 20 log r2/r1 arithmetic sum but is obtained as follows: SPL2: Noise level at distance r2 SPL1: Noise level at distance r1 Take the difference between the two noise levels, 50 dB 10 dB At the 10 dB point on the horizontal axis of the graph, find the In the following example the noise level corresponding point on the curve and read the vertical at a distance of 2 m (6.6 ft.) from the intake side axis value 0.4 dB of fan, whose noise level is 40 dB at a distance of 1 m (3.3 ft.) from the intake side of fan, is Add 0.4 to the larger of the two noise levels, 50 dB calculated. Since r2 = 2 m (6.6 ft.), r1 = 1 m (3.3 ft.), and SPL1 = 40 dB, substituting in the The combined noise level when operating the two fans simultaneously is 50.4 dB formula gives: SPL2 = 40 - 20 log 2/1 If 40 dB of noise is combined with 50 = 34 [dB] dB, the resulting increase in noise level is only 0.4 dB.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Gold Standard in Fan Heaters
    WALL FAN HEATER ARWF SERIES THE GOLD STANDARD IN FAN HEATERS The PULSAIR™ is extremely popular for many reasons. First, it can be recessed or surface mounted with a surface adapter (optional). In addition, it can be mounted vertically or horizontally, directing the air flow upward or downward and to the right or to the left, respectively. Last, the slim-line PULSAIR™ can be recessed into W W W W Y Y Y A A A A T T a wall thickness of 2 in. to 3 in. While it’s a winning heating solu- T R R R R N N N R R R R A A A LIFETIME A A A A R R R N N N N R R R on element T T T T A A A tion for the hallway and bathroom, it can also be installed in other Y Y Y Y W W W W W W parts of the house, such as the office or in commercial buildings. W Y Y Y Y A A A A T T T T R R R R N N N R N Its nichrome element provides instant heat. Available from 500 W R A R A R A A A A R A R A R R N N N N 2YEAR R 3YEAR R 5YEAR R 5YEAR R T A T A T A T to 2000 W, and from 120 V to 277 V, the PULSAIR™ is recognized Y Y Y Y A W W W W W W W W and recommended by those in the know.
    [Show full text]
  • Single Pole Humidity Sensor and Fan Controller Cat
    Single Pole Humidity Sensor and Fan Controller Cat. Nos. IPHS5 - INDOOR USE ONLY 120VAC, 60Hz - Single Pole Only Incandescent: 600W - MLV/Fluorescent: 400VA - LED/CFL: 150W - Fan: 1/6Hp WARNINGS CAUTIONS • TO AVOID FIRE, SHOCK OR DEATH: TURN OFF POWER AT CIRCUIT BREAKER • Clean outer surface gently with damp cloth only. DO NOT use soaps or cleaning OR FUSE AND TEST THAT THE POWER IS OFF BEFORE WIRING! liquids. • TO AVOID PERSONAL INJURY OR PROPERTY DAMAGE, DO NOT install to • No user serviceable components. DO NOT attempt to service or repair. control a receptacle, or a load in excess of the specified rating. • Use this device WITH COPPER CLAD WIRE ONLY. • To be installed and/or used in accordance with electrical codes and regulations. • If you are not sure about any part of these instructions, consult an electrician. DI-000-IPHS5-02B INSTALLATION ENGLISH Features Location You Will Need: The humidity sensor and fan controller senses the humidity of your bathroom • Slotted/Phillips screwdriver • For bathroom applications the device should be placed and turns your bath fan or fan/light on when the humidity gets too high, • Pencil reducing condensation in your bathroom and increasing ventilation when used at a level to detect steam. Placing the detector directly in other household spaces. above a heater or near drafts is not recommended. • Electrical tape • Compatible with Incandescent, LED, CFL and Fluorescent loads when • NOTE: DO NOT use to control a fan/light combination • Cutters used with combination fan and light fixtures. where the fan/light is the only means of illumination.
    [Show full text]
  • Delta Fan Heater
    PAGE 1/2 DELTA FAN HEATER DELTA is a robust, reliable fan heater that is designed for use in TECHNICAL DATA areas that require a little more of materials and performance, for Voltage range: instance construction sites and ships. • 1x110V to 3x690V + PE DELTA is also used for more permanent installations such as in- Frequenzy, can be used at: dustrial buildings and warehouses, workshops, factories or ga- • 50 Hz and 60 Hz rages, as it can go from transportable to permanent fixture with Degree of protection for electrical components: a simple wall-bracket. • TP1: 3-9kW = IP44 • TP2: 15-21kW = IP34 It comes with an integrated 0-40°C room thermostat that en- Temperature control: sures optimal operation and minimizes energy consumption, as • TP1: Combi termostat with adjustable room thermostat 0-40°C well as a thermal cut-out to protect against overheating. The + thermal cut-out fan heater works without standby and does not use unneces- • TP2: Adjustable room thermostat 0-40°C + thermal cut-out sary power. Level regulation: • Manually operated 5-level change-over switch that regulates DELTA is built with internal casing in the heating chamber, which air speed and heating effect. Moreover, all types can be sup- ensures that the entire flow of air passes over the heating ele- plied with a 24-hour timer. A DELTA fan heater with timer ments. This eliminates problems with varying airflow and cold function switches on when the set time has elapsed. spots. Off The DELTA fan heater comes in two sizes: • TP1 = 3-9 kW - small cabinet Fan on • TP2 = 15-21 kW - large cabinet Half fan and half heat effect TP1: 372 mm TP1: 300 mm TP2: 462 mm TP2: 360 mm Full fan and half heat effect Full fan and full heat effect TP1: 435 mm TP2: 540 mm TP1: 322 mm ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION TP2: 392 mm Permanent installation must always be performed by an authori- zed electrician in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.
    [Show full text]
  • Airflow Measuring System Using Piezometer Ring – IM-105
    IM-105 Piezometer Ring June 2021 Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual REVIEW AMCA BULLETIN 410 PRIOR TO INSTALLATION This manual has been prepared to guide the users of an airflow measuring system using a piezometer ring in the proper installation, operation and maintenance procedures to ensure maximum equipment life with trouble-free operation. For safe installation, startup and operational life of this equipment, it is important that all involved with the equipment be well versed in proper fan safety practices and read this manual. It is the user’s responsibility to make sure that all requirements of good safety practices and any applicable safety codes are strictly adhered to. Because of the wide variety of equipment covered in this manual, the instructions given here are general in nature. Additional product and engineering information is available at www.tcf.com. SAFETY NOTICE Refer to the safety section(s) in this manual prior to installing or servicing the fan. The most current version of this installation and maintenance manual can be found on our website at www.tcf.com/resources/im-manuals. Table of Contents Safety & Hazard Warnings ...........................................................................................................................................................................2 Shipping & Receiving ....................................................................................................................................................................................2 Handling ......................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Optimization of Heat Exchanger Design and Fan Selection for Single Stage Refrigeration/Heat Pump Systems T
    Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning School of Mechanical Engineering Conference 1986 Optimization of Heat Exchanger Design and Fan Selection for Single Stage Refrigeration/Heat Pump Systems T. H. Kuehn Follow this and additional works at: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc Kuehn, T. H., "Optimization of Heat Exchanger Design and Fan Selection for Single Stage Refrigeration/Heat Pump Systems" (1986). International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference. Paper 24. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc/24 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. Complete proceedings may be acquired in print and on CD-ROM directly from the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories at https://engineering.purdue.edu/ Herrick/Events/orderlit.html OPTIMIZATION OF HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN AND FAN SELECTION FOR SINGLE STAGE REFRIGERATION/HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS THOMAS H. KUEHN Thermal Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A. 1. INTRODUCTION Thermodynamic second law analysis can be employed to determine where losses occur in a given system. Inputs to this analysis include thermodynamic state information, mass flows, work transfers and heat exchange. Applications to vapor compression refrigeration and heat pump systems are outlined in references /1/ and /2/. However additional details of the processes are required to identify the nature of the losses. From this detailed information one can then begin to develop simple models useful in component or system thermodynamic optimization. A thermodynamic second law analysis is performed on an air cooled single stage mechanical vapor compression refrigeration system operating steadily under full load.
    [Show full text]
  • Cooling Your Home with Fans and Ventilation
    DOE/GO-102001-1278 FS228 June 2001 Cooling Your Home with Fans and Ventilation You can save energy and money when Principles of Cooling you ventilate your home instead of using your air conditioner, except on the hottest Cooling the Human Body days. Moving air can remove heat from Your body can cool down through three your home. Moving air also creates a wind processes: convection, radiation, and per- chill effect that cools your body. spiration. Ventilation enhances all these processes. Ventilation cooling is usually combined with energy conservation measures like Convection occurs when heat is carried shading provided by trees and window away from your body via moving air. If the treatments, roof reflectivity (light-colored surrounding air is cooler than your skin, roof), and attic insulation. Mechanical air the air will absorb your heat and rise. As circulation can be used with natural venti- the warmed air rises around you, cooler air lation to increase comfort, or with air con- moves in to take its place and absorb more ditioning for energy savings. of your warmth. The faster this convecting air moves, the cooler you feel. Ventilation provides other benefits besides cooling. Indoor air pollutants tend to accu- Radiation occurs when heat radiates mulate in homes with poor ventilation, and across the space between you and the when homes are closed up for air condi- objects in your home. If objects are tioning or heating. warmer than you are, heat will travel toward you. Removing heat through ventila- tion reduces the tem- perature of the ceiling, walls, and furnishings.
    [Show full text]
  • HMIC Series Fan and Bypass Humidifiers
    HMIC Series Fan and Bypass Humidifiers Model: HMICSB12B Model: HMICLF18B Model: HMICLB17B As warm air passes through the humidifier pad and water flows through it, natural evaporation takes place. This creates comforting humidity which is distributed throughout the house by your forced air heating system. OPTIMAL GENERATION OF COMFORTING THREE HUMIDITY CONTROL OPTIONS. MOISTURE. Choose between 3 separate control options; the Working together, water solenoid valve, water humidistat, the HumidiTrac and the Thermidistat metering orifice, water distribution tray and aluminum control. Each option provides precise control of humidifier pad efficiently generate maximum levels of humidity levels in your home. comforting moisture. QUIET OPERATION. SIMPLE, INFREQUENT MAINTENANCE. Nearly silent operation is the result of ICP Designed for easy serviceability. In most instances, it Branded Humidifier’s precision engineered fan takes less than 1/2 hour since maintenance (including and motor combination in the large fan powered changing the humidifier pad) is performed once a unit. In all units, air is quietly drawn through the season. Unlike portables, there are no reservoirs humidifier pad which efficiently turns water into which need to be frequently cleaned and refilled. water vapor to humidify your home. LONG LASTING HIGH QUALITY COMPONENTS. WARRANTY. With proper maintenance, your humidifier will last for Electrical components are covered by a five-year many years. That’s because it’s designed with durable limited warranty and the entire unit is backed by UV and corrosion resistant plastic. This plastic resists a one-year limited warranty. deterioration even when exposed to Ultraviolet light sources common in many systems today. HMIC Series Humidifiers include a packet with logos for the ICP brands.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Heat Transfer in Air Cooled Condensers
    Analysis of Heat Transfer in Air Cooled Condensers Sigríður Bára Ingadóttir FacultyFaculty of of Industrial Industrial Engineering, Engineering, Mechanical Mechanical Engineering Engineering and and ComputerComputer Science Science UniversityUniversity of of Iceland Iceland 20142014 ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER IN AIR COOLED CONDENSERS Sigríður Bára Ingadóttir 30 ECTS thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a Magister Scientiarum degree in Mechanical Engineering Advisors Halldór Pálsson, Associate Professor, University of Iceland Óttar Kjartansson, Green Energy Group AS Gestur Bárðarson, Green Energy Group AS Faculty Representative Ármann Gylfason, Associate Professor, Reykjavík University Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science School of Engineering and Natural Sciences University of Iceland Reykjavik, May 2014 Analysis of Heat Transfer in Air Cooled Condensers Analysis of Heat Transfer in ACCs 30 ECTS thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a M.Sc. degree in Mechanical Engi- neering Copyright c 2014 Sigríður Bára Ingadóttir All rights reserved Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science School of Engineering and Natural Sciences University of Iceland VRII, Hjardarhagi 2-6 107, Reykjavik, Reykjavik Iceland Telephone: 525 4000 Bibliographic information: Sigríður Bára Ingadóttir, 2014, Analysis of Heat Transfer in Air Cooled Condensers, M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland. Printing: Háskólaprent, Fálkagata 2, 107 Reykjavík Reykjavik, Iceland, May 2014 Abstract Condensing units at geothermal power plants containing surface condensers and cooling towers utilize great amounts of water. Air cooled condensers (ACCs) are not typically paired with dry or flash steam geothermal power plants, but can be a viable solution to eliminate the extensive water usage and vapor emissions related to water cooled systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Varying Fan Speed on a Refrigerator/Freezer System
    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Center A National Science Foundation/University Cooperative Research Center Effects of Varying Fan Speed on a Refrigerator/Freezer System A. R. Cavallaro and C. W. Bullard ACRC TR-63 July 1994 For additional information: Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Center University of Illinois Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Dept. 1206 West Green Street Urbana, IL 61801 Prepared as part of ACRC Project 30 Cycling Performance of Refrigerator-Freezers (217) 333-3115 C. W. Bullard, Principal Investigator The Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Center was founded in 1988 with a grant from the estate of Richard W. Kritzer, the founder of Peerless of America Inc. A State of Illinois Technology Challenge Grant helped build the laboratory facilities. The ACRC receives continuing support from the Richard W. Kritzer Endowment and the National Science Foundation. The following organizations have also become sponsors of the Center. Acustar Division of Chrysler Allied Signal, Inc. Amana Refrigeration, Inc. Brazeway, Inc. Carrier Corporation Caterpillar, Inc. E. I. duPont Nemours & Co. Electric Power Research Institute Ford Motor Company Frigidaire Company General Electric Company Harrison Division of GM ICI Americas, Inc. Modine Manufacturing Company Peerless of America, Inc. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Army CERL Whirlpool Corporation For additional information: Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Center Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Dept. University of Illinois 1206 West Green Street Urbana, IL 61801 217 333 3115 Abstract Air-side heat transfer correlations were developed to describe variable conductance models for the condenser and evaporator. Few experimentally estimated parameters described well the changes of refrigerant and air-side conditions over a wide range of steady-state operating conditions for the extensively instrumented test refrigerator.
    [Show full text]
  • Ultra-Aire 150H Whole House Ventilating Dehumidifier UA-150H • Part No
    INSTALLER’S & OWNER’S MANUAL Ultra-Aire 150H Whole House Ventilating Dehumidifier UA-150H • Part No. 4024371 • Serial No.________________________________ Dehumidification Fresh Air Ventilation The highly efficient Ultra-Aire 150H dehumidifier utilizes refrigeration Optional fresh outdoor air may be ducted to the unit via a six inch to cool the incoming air stream below its dew point. This cooled and round duct. This provides fresh air to dilute pollutants and maintain drier air is used to pre-cool the incoming air stream resulting in a high oxygen content in the air. The amount of fresh air ventilation can significant increase in overall efficiency. After the pre-cooling stage, be regulated by a variety of dampers and controls. the processed air is reheated by passing through the condenser coil. The heat removed by the evaporator coil is returned to the air stream, Air Filtration resulting in an overall temperature increase of the air leaving the unit. The UA-150H includes air filtration to improve indoor air quality. A MERV-11 media filter is standard. An optional MERV-14 deep pleated The Ultra-Aire 150H is controlled by 24 volt remote wired controls. A 95% media filter is available for optimum air filtration and to reduce variety of controls are available suitable to various applications. potentially harmful airborne particles. If the optional filter is chosen, the standard filter operates as a prefilter. HVAC INSTALLER: PLEASE LEAVE MANUAL FOR HOMEOWNER © 2006 Therma-Stor LLC Manual P/N TS-245h 6/07 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Safety Precautions .......................................................................3 5.3H Damper Operation and Setting ...............................13 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Portable Fans and Portable Air Conditioning Units During COVID-19 in Long-Term Care and Retirement Homes
    AT A GLANCE The Use of Portable Fans and Portable Air Conditioning Units during COVID-19 in Long- term Care and Retirement Homes Key Findings Careful consideration should be given to the use of portable fans and air conditioning units in long-term care homes or retirement homes. Portable fans and portable air conditioning units require routine cleaning and preventative maintenance. Portable fans and portable air conditioning units need to be strategically located to minimize risk of potential healthcare-associated infections. Alternative cooling methods should be explored in the long-term care setting. Introduction Seasonal hot weather including extreme heat events (EHE) can impact our health and well-being, including those residing in long-term care homes (LTCH) and retirement homes (RH) where central air conditioning is unavailable. Several long-term care and retirement homes have old building design with no centralized heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Long-term care and retirement homes need to use alternative methods such as portable fans or portable air conditioning (AC) units to improve residents’ comfort and reduce the illnesses associated with excessive heat. Health care facilities such as LTCH need to be aware of the potential risk of infection transmission associated with some of the heat relief options. This document provides recommendations for consideration on the use of portable fans and air conditioning units in these facilities. Background The risk of heat-related illnesses is higher in elderly
    [Show full text]
  • Improving Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality During Wildfire Smoke Events Recommendations for Schools and Buildings with Mechanical Ventilation
    Improving Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality during Wildfire Smoke Events Recommendations for Schools and Buildings with Mechanical Ventilation Overview • Smoke is a complex mixture of carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons, other organic chemicals, nitrogen oxides (NOX), trace minerals, and particulate matter. o Particulate matter consists of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in the air. Particles with diameters less than 10 microns (PM10) are upper respiratory tract and eye irritants. o Smaller particles (PM2.5) are the greatest health concern – they can be inhaled deep into the lungs, and can affect respiratory and heart health. o Carbon monoxide, a colorless, odorless gas produced by incomplete combustion, is a particular health concern and levels are highest during the smoldering stages of a fire. • Outdoor (ambient) air pollutants, including smoke, enter and leave buildings in three primary ways: 1. Mechanical ventilation systems, which actively draw in outdoor air through intake vents and distribute it throughout the building. 2. Natural ventilation (opening of doors or windows). 3. Infiltration, the passive entry of unfiltered outdoor air through small cracks and gaps in the building shell. • Tightly closed buildings reduce exposure to outdoor air pollution. Upgrading the filter efficiency of the heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system and changing filters frequently during smoke events greatly improves indoor air quality. Supplementing with HEPA filters, particularly those with activated charcoal or other adsorbents, improves air quality even more. • During long-term smoke events, take advantage of periods of improved air quality (such as during rain or shifts in wind) to use natural ventilation to flush-out the building.
    [Show full text]