CONTENTS Politics 1-6 Commentary 8-11 FORUM DulvNoted 11-12
APRIL 15, 1974 Vol. X, No.8 50 CENTS
in the primary. Bud Brown ran for POLITICS: REPORTS Congress in South Dakota in 1964, be fore moving to Arizona from Wyo ming in 1967. ARIZONA speculation he would seek a fourth term. Auto dealers, who seem to be PHOENIX - Sen. Barry Gold prominent in both parties in Arizona, water won't have any trouble renew will be represented by Evan Mecham, ing his return pass to the Senate this in Republican speculation. Because of year, but other Arizona Republicans the possible heavy concentration of may not be so fortunate. Maricopa County talent in the pri For the first time in history, ac mary, State Senate President William cording to the Phoenix Gazette, both Jacquin was given a good chance to parties will have primaries. Now that win a muLti-candidate field; Jacquin is Gov. Jack Williams (R) has official from Tucson in Pima County. Cur ly announced he will not seek re rently, Russell Williams is regarded election, Republicans appear headed as the GOP favorite. toward a four-way race for the gu bernatorial nomination. Four Phoenix The leading Democratic gubernato residents are running: former Mayors rial candidate is Raul H. Castro, for Milton Graham and John Driggs, mer ambassador to Bolivia who is now Maricopa County Board of Supervi a Tucson lawyer. Castro, who came sors Chairman Robert Corbin, and for within 7,000 votes of defeating Jack mer Corporation Commissioner Rus Williams in 1970, lost some Democrat sell Williams. (Graham reportedly lost ic support by opposing the effort to one professional campaign adviser al recall Williams as governor. Mesa ready in a dispute over moderation auto dealer Jack Ross, who ran against of Graham's flashy wardrobe; he Castro in the 1970 Democratic pri Goldwater served three terms as mayor before mary, has also announced. Phoenix At he was defeated in 1970. by Driggs.) torney Gerald Pollock may also enter Gov. Williams, himself a former may the race against the moderate Castro and the conservative Ross. U.S. Rep. John J. Rhodes (R) also or of Phoenix, delayed his retirement had a relatively tough race in 1972, announcement until March, prompting Both U.S. Reps. Morris K. Udall winning only 57 percent of the vote, (D) and Sam Steiger (R) are favor compared to 68 percent in his old ed for re-election. (Steiger was in district in 1970. Rhodes' new prestige strumental recently in convincing the in Washington, however, will aide his White House to assist in the strangula re-election campaign, which was boost tion of land-use legislation sponsored ed to a quick start with $50,000 from by Udall.) the state GOP's quarterly Trunk 'n' A number of Arizona Republicans Tusk dinner. That contribution wrink would refrain from weeping if U.S. led some noses in the Arizona GOP, Rep. John B. Conlan (R) had a tough where $10-20,000 is closer to the nor race, however. In 1972 Conlan won 53 mal state GOP donation for congres percent of the vote against Democratic sional candidates. Rhodes will probably attorney Jack E. Brown. This year's face Mesa veterinarian John Carney Democratic candidate Jack Brown has this year. an "A" for a middle initial and cattle Two Democrats have shown an and real estate for an occupation. interest in Gold water's Senate seat: Brown, backed by Steiger, will oppose Jonathan Marshall, a Scottsdale pub a Phoenix attorney, Daniel Salcito, and lisher, and Bob Begam, a Phoenix at John Rhodes another Brown (ByronT. "Bud") torney. • States Jaycee organization, rising to out yet. The Democrats should make KENTUCKY National Jaycee president. He return this a probable gain, but Kentuckians ed to Kentucky to become a state sen are notoriously independent and have ator in 1965, lieutenant governor in upset many past candidates who were LEXINGTON - Kentucky's Sen 1967, and governor in 1971. Ford is "sure bets" to win. Ford is an ambiti ate election this year may be decided a moderate conservative, associated on ous man, and the national Democratic in the courts this spring. the national level with the Henry leadership wants the Kentucky seat At issue is the decision of state Jackson wing of the Democratic Par quite badly. Kentucky, therefore, will officials that GOP Sen. Marlow Cook ty. be the site of a classic confrontation is ineligible to run because he failed The governor will be the strongest between the parties, with important to file papers listing his campaign possible candidate the Democrats could overtones for 1976. • treasurer. Although Cook filed for the run. Before and during his term as May 28 primary on March 22, he was governor, Ford and his allies have not notified by of the error in filing been building a well-financed campaign ALASKA until April 4, one day after the dead vehicle. Democratic hopes were bol line. stered by 1973 victories in Louisville, JUNEAU - In 15 years of state Cook is contesting the ruling by Jefferson County, and the General As hood, Alaska has had three governors. Kentucky Secretary of State Thelma sembly, further limiting Republican All three are again running for that Stovall and Attorney General Ed Han strength to the southeastern 5th CD. office this year: incumbent Gov. Wil cock, both Democrats, in the state Ford's decision effectively precluded liam Egan (D), who has occupied courts. Cook, who said he was un· candidacies by Lt. Gov. Julian Carroll the office for 11 of those years; for aware of the new state law requiring (D) and Jefferson County Judge Todd mer Gov. Walter Hickel (R) who the designation of the campaign treas Hollenbach (D), both of whom are left office in 1969 for the Nixon Ad urer, may have been treated different now expected to seek the governor ministration; and Hickel's successor, ly from other candidates. Two Ken ship in 1975. State Sen. Keith Miller (R) of An tucky congressmen, both Republicans, Republican fortunes have tumbled chorage. filed in January. They did not file the since Cook's election in 1968. Since Real estate executive Hickel's an treasurer designat!,~m either, but were that time, the GOP has lost the gov nouncement that he would seek the able to correct the defect within one ernorship, the other Senate seat, a governorship rather than oppose Sen. week of the original filing when congressional seat, and numerous local Mike Gravel (D) surprised some po Stovall notified them of the error. and county offices. In the legislature, litical observers, who had interpreted However, according to Stovall, she the Republicans, once a powerful near an earlier candidacy announcement by verbally notified Cook of the missing majority, have diminished to a rear Miller as indicative that Hickel would name on the day that Cook filed his guard of only 29 of 138 legislators. not also challenge Egan. papers. Cook will argue in court that Cook in 1968 put together a coali Hickel has hinted that he would he is in "substantial compliance with tion of votes from Louisville, Lexing like Miller as his running mate for Kentucky law." ton, northern Kentucky, and the rock lieutenant governor and there is spec Since Kentucky has a closed prima ribbed 5th CD. Today, the Democrats ulation that Miller might drop out ry, Cook will be unable to wage a control Cook's former stronghold in - just as there is speculation that for write-in campaign. Either he wins in Jefferson County, and in virtually no mer State Sen. Jay S. Hammond (R) the courts, or the former Louisville other region or locality have the Re might drop into the gubernatorial race. official will be vacating his office for publicans been able to make gains. Hammond, now mayor of Bristol Bay Gov. Wendell Ford (D) next Jan Cook has not been seen often in Ken Borough, has a mixed image as a poet uary. tucky, leading some GOP leaders to and wilderness guide; he is a former Cook was first elected to the Senate complain that "Marlow comes in for State Senate president. in 1968 after serving as a state legis a Lincoln Day dinner and then we Egan has been defeated only once lator and county judge of Jefferson don't see him again for a year." While for governor (in 1966 by Hickel); he County. His record in state and local that sentiment may be unfair, Cook has ousted Miller 52-46 percent in 1970. government was one of innovation not been keeping his fences mended Now, however, Egan's popularity may and opposition to the old guard bi with party officials and grass-roots be dimming and it may be time for partisan leadership in the moribund workers. another governor . . . even if it is Kentucky General Assembly. As a sen The November election, therefore, a former governor. Egan has not yet ator, however, he has moved some puts Cook at a disadvantage. Ford announced for governor but reacted what to the right and has been a gen will be well financed and at the head to Hickel's announcement by saying, eral supporter of the programs of the of a smoothly rolling campaign or "I think he would be the easiest to Nixon Administration. His independ ganization trying to keep its string ,of beat." (The Hickel announcement ap ent streak remains, however, and the victories intact. Cook has to bear the parently shelved plans by House Speak President cannot count on Senator cross of President Nixon's unpopular er Tom Fink (R) to run for gover Cook to be a knee-jerk rubber stamp ity and the recent ineffectiveness of nor.) on all issues. the Kentucky GOP. Although he did not totally rule Wendell Ford began his political Cook, however, is a great cam out involvement in 1976 presidential career in the Kentucky and United paigner and should not be counted politics, Hickel said he intends to 2 serve a full, four-year term if elected. Speaker Kenneth B. Lee (R) is the With Hickel out of the Senate race, Republican candidate for lieutenant State Senate President Terry Miller, PENNSYLVANIA governor but his obstructionist legis 31, is the leading Republicancandi lative tactics may be a GOP drawback date. The liberal Miller will face an this fall.) other state senator, C R. Lewis, a PHILADELPHIA - Traditional Pennsylvania Republicans .are still member of the national council of the Republican-Democratic roles may well recovering from last fall's debacle in John Birch Society. be reversed in Pennsylvania's Senate Philadelphia, when the city Republican contest this fall. organization lost the posts of district Gravel has damaged himself in attorney and controller as well as many ways in the eyes of his constit Once, Sen. Richard Schweiker (R) 3,000 patronage jobs in the court sys uents during his first term, but he looked like a sure bet for a second tem. Philadelphia Republican leaders has been campaigning actively for the term. Schweiker, whose backing ranges William Meehan and William Devlin past year. He's won pipeline points from labor to the anti-gun control had backed D.A. Arlen Spector for with the passage of legislation allow lobby, appeared earlier to have only governor until his defeat in 1973; ing progress on the Alaskan pipeline. the state insurance commissioner to Meehan reportedly has yet to recon So far, Gravel's only prominent pri fear. However, two Democrats are cile himself to Lewis' candidacy. Both mary opponent is former House Speak now vying for the opportunity to former Gov. William Scranton and er Eugene Guess, who was demolished oppose Schweiker: former Insurance U.S. Rep. John Heinz III turned down in the 1972 Senate election by Sen. Commissioner Herbert Denenberg and Pittsburgh Mayor Peter Flaherty. Flah entreaties that they run for the state Ted Stevens (R). Guess's loser image house. won't help his campaign effort this erty, a genial populist whose fiscal year. parsimony has endeared him to Al At a meeting March 16, State Sen. legheny County residents, is the fa Richard C Frame was elected to suc Freshman U.S. Rep. Don Young (R) vorite. Denenberg's candidacy is an ceed State GOP Chairman Clifford L. will probably draw two Democratic noying to Gov. Milton Shapp, who Jones, who will become an executive opponents: State Sen. William L. would like to avoid a ticket headed with the Pennsylvania Manufacturers Igagruk Hensley and former Attorney by two Philadelphia Jews. ('f.he GOP Association. Frame was Lewis' choice General John Havelcfk. Like the op ticket will be headed by two sub for the job. ponent Young defeated in a 1972 spe urban Philadelphia W ASPs, a situa Although Philadelphia continues in cial election, Hensley is an Alaskan tion some Republicans also sought to disarray after the new Democratic dis native. avoid.) While Denenberg will pour trict attorney refused to empanel a Rounding out the Miller situation money and organization into his drive, grand jury to investigate new charges in Alaska, Anchorage State Rep. Jo Flaherty's campaign will be pure per of corruption on the Philadelphia po Ann Miller (R), who reportedly is sonality Pete. lice force, Mayor Frank Rizzo's coterie not popular with other legislative If Flaherty is nominated in the May of loyalists are held together by the ladies, would like to be lieutenant !!fJv 21 primary, as expected, he will cam city's declining crime rate and steady ernor. • paign as an opponent of spending and tax rates. criticize Schweiker as too liberal. His Situations in two eastern Pennsyl appearance on the ticket with Schweik vania congressional races are murky. er will provide geographical balance In the 5th CD. where U.S. Rep. to the statewide ticket and be a for John Ware (R) is retiring, State Rep. midable obstacle for Schweiker and Richard Schulze, 44, is the choice of the GOP candidate for governor, organization leaders in Montgomery, Andrew Lewis. Lewis, former GOP Chester, and Delaware counties. Schulze finance head and business executive, has four primary opponents, however, faces a governor immensely strength including former White House aide ened by his performance in the na John Robin West, a 27-year-old at tionwide truckers strike. torney with a high-spending campaign; Lewis' own problems are char Edward Conroy, a moderate attorney acterized by his first bumper stickers who formerly was chief counsel for which asked "Drew Who?" Having the federal Economic Development overcome some of his recognition Administration; and James S. Milne, problem with a TV advertising cam a liberal political science professor paign, Lewis' stickers now say "Drew from West Chester State College. When?" Although Lewis is an im Organization support may not be all pressive figure ~n the campaign trail, it used to be in these counties, how he may well be a candidate this ever, as demonstrated by the situa year whose name has not yet come. tion in Delaware County's 7th CD. (A sharp setback in the guberna where U.S. Rep. Lawrence G. Wil torial race may well cost the GOP the liams (R) has been denied the en Richard Schweiker state House of Representatives. House dorsement of the "War Board," the 3 GOP's board of supervisors which has House enemies list. Helmke's name identification as a run the county with iron hands. Wil Lugar, however, has looked like a former prosecutor should make the liams has developed delusions of in "politician" in some of the opening district the GOP's best bet to win a dependence from the War Board, moves of the campaign and may be Democratic seat. which dumped him in favor of Coun hurt by his 1971 pledge to serve out A third rematch is shaping up in ty D.A. Stephen J. McEwen, Jr. The his term as mayor. Undoubtedly, Rich the 10th CD. U.S. Rep. David W. primary will be a test of strength ard Nixon will be one of the top is Dennis (R) defeated Philip R. Sharp for Chester County boss Ted Rubino. sues this year in the state. The Dem with 57 percent of the vote in 1972. Politics is quieter in the 19th CD. ocratic state chairman seldom loses Sharp must defeat four Democrats to where U.S. Rep. George A Goodling, an opportunity to describe Lugar as face Dennis in November, but Den 77, is retiring. John W. Eden, a 44- Nixon's "favorite mayor." Lugar, so nis' involvement in the proceedings year-old engineer, is the leading can far, has not shied away from the Pres of the House Judiciary Committee didate for the GOP nomination but a ident, saying, "I believe my identifica may limit his appearances in the dis former Democratic opponent to Good tion with President Nixon will be trict. ling, Arthur Berger, is seeking the helpful." In fact, some Republicans While State Sen. Elden C Tipton Democratic nomination again. Berger think the Lugar campaign should iden (D) did not oppose U.S. Rep. John got 44 percent against Goodling in tify more closely with Nixon. T. Myers (R-7th CD.) in 1972, he did so in 1966 and wants that honor 1970.• In the 11th. CD. which will be the again. Myers won re-election in 1972 chief target of Democrats, the divorce with 62 percent. of U.S. Rep. William H. Hudnut III, Although in the 5th CD. U.S. Rep. a minister, may be offset by the Elwood H. Hillis won re-election with INDIANA earlier divorce of Hudnut's predeces 64 percent of the vote in 1972, sor and current opponent, Andrew he is also considered vulnerable. His INDIANAPOLIS - Mayor Rich Jacobs (D). Hudnut upset Jacobs in fate may hang on the health of the ard Lugar's Senate candidacy has been 1972 by only 4,601 votes. His re auto industry in Anderson and Koko slowed somewhat by revelations by the election effort may be further irritated mo. Indianapolis Star of corruption in the this rear by a pro-impeachment op Indiana voters still tend to vote city police department. Lugar has al ponent in the GOP primary. Lugar's tickets, and the fate of many Repub ready demoted the police chief and presence on the ticket, however, will licans in the state may welI hinge on replaced him with a criminology pro help Hudnut in a marginal district. fessor, but the handling of the scandal how well Richard Lugar does in his by the nation's most visible Republican U.S. Rep. Earl Landgrebe (R), who Senate race. Both the GOP's present mayor may well determine his chances escape primary opposition, will also control of the legislature and Lugar's against Sen. Birch Bayh (D) this fall. face a rematch. In 1972, the arch~ presidential ambitions may hang in the conservative Landgrebe beat Purdue balance. Four issues are expected to dominate University Professor Floyd T. Fithian the Senate campaign: Bayh's support by 19,000 votes in the 2nd CD. Land of busing will be contrasted with grebe's margin in 1970 was even slim Lugar's opposition to court-ordered, mer. Fithian is back in '74, but not LOUISIANA one-way busing for eight Indiana coun expected to win. ties. (The plan will close several in ner-city schools.) Bayh's opposition to A less conservative Republican than NEW ORLEANS - Louisiana Re the Alaskan pipeline wiII be criticized State Sen. Allan Bloom (R) might publicans held a state convention by Lugar. Lugar may be helped by have defeated U.S. Rep. Edward Roush March 2-3 and discovered that the his support for the Highland Dam (D) in the 4th CD. in 1972; Roush party could no longer "hold its con in suburban Marion County; Bayh has got only 51 percent. In 1975 Roush vention in a phone booth." opposed the dam. On balance, Lugar will face State Sen. Walter Helmke The Louisiana GOP stilI has troubk strategists expect "energy" to help the (R), but the incumbent is perhaps finding party members (only three GOP. And then there is Richard Nix the state's best D~mocratic campaigner percent of statewide registration is Re on; Bayh rated inclusion on the White in a basically Republican district. publican), workers, and candidates, but
THE RIPON SOCIETY INC Is a Republican research and SUBSCRIPTION RATES are $15 a year, $7.50 for students, serv , • policy organization whose icemen, and for Peace Corps, Vista and other volunteers. Overseas members are young business, academic and professional men and air mail, $3 extm. Advertising rates on request. Please allow women. It has national headquarters In District of Columbia, five weeks for address changes. chapters In fifteen cities, National Associate members throughout the fifty states, and several affiliated groups of subchapter status. Editor: Dick Behn The Society is supported by chapter dues, Individucll contribu Editoriczl Boardl tions and revenues from its publications and contract work. Robert D. Behn, Chairman Tanya Melich THE RIPON FORUM Is published semi-monthly by the Robert H. Donaldson Robert G. Stewart Ripon Society, Inc., 509 C Street N.E., James Manahan Ralph Thayer Washington, D.C. 20002. Second class postage rates paid at Wash Contributing Editors: Clifford Brown, Glenn Gerstel!, William A. ington, D.C. and other mailing houses. Contents are copyrighted Koelsch, Daniel J. Swillinger, Josiah Lee Auspllz, Richard W. Rahn, © 1974 by the Ripon Society, Inc. Correspondence addressed to the John A. Rehfuss, and Thomas A. Sargent E"ditor ts welcomed. Assistant Editorl M. Victoria Golden In pub1!sh1ng this magazine the Ripon Society seeks to provide a forum for fresh ideas, well-researchEld proposcUs and for a spirit Technicczl Editor: Evelyn LaBan of criticism, innovation, and Independe:ut tliinklng within the Re Art: Leslie Morrill and AnnIe Greene publican Party. Articles do not necessariIy represent the opinion Advertising Mcmagan Deborah Bowen of the National Governing Board or the Editorial Board of the Ripon Society, unless they are explicitly so labelled. Staff Assistantl Nelson Millet
4 about 400 delegates were able to hear Alexandria businessman John Cade. teewoman Jean Boese also comes from John Connally, George Bush, North Cade, who ran Treen's 1972 congres Alexandria, she resigned and was re Carolina Gov. James Holshouser and sional campaign, defeated New Or placed by Patricia Lindh of Baton U.S. Rep. David Treen of Louisiana. leans attorney Martin Feldman for the Rouge. Treen, whose own district is only three post. Meanwhile in the 6th C.D., a "self percent Republican faces the possibili Feldman denied he was a liberal, described "Charles Percy Republican" ty of a stiff re-election campaign, but but apparently enough Republicans in hopes to oppose U.S. Rep. John no Democratic challengers have yet the GOP State Central Committee dis Rarick (D) this fall. The young mod announced. trusted his past friendship with Sen. erate, Morton Laitner, will be op Treen was replaced as national com Charles Percy (R-Ill.) to cost him the posed by GOP State Treasurer Henson mitteeman at the state convention by post. Because GOP National Commit- Moore.•
publican voice that speaks on Watergate, then his words POLITICS: PEOPLE become Republican words. They become our words. And I don't care if every Republican walks out of this room, the President's words are not my words, his pol • In the March 1 FORUM, it was reported that itics not my politics, his tactics not my tactics," said Cleveland City Councilman Dennis Kucinich had with Sen. Lowell Weicker (R) in a speech in New Milford, drawn as a Democratic candidate for the 23rd C.D. Conn., March 16. Weicker called White House state in Ohio. Actually, Kucinich, who received 47 percent ments on Watergate "trash" and was particularly crit of the vote as the Democratic candidate in 1972, is ical of references to the "mandate" of the 1972, elec running as one of five independent candidates in the tion. "As a Republican I'd like to differ with Richard race; there are six Democrats seeking their nomina Nixon on the mandate of 1972. It would have been a tion. One independent, Boydan Futey, is basing his great mandate if it had been achieved under rules that campaign on the claim that he is the "only genuine were the same for everybody. They weren't. And so ethnic candidate." The leading Republican in the three goodbye to the mandate of 1972 as "a Republican plus." way primary is State Rep. George E. Mastics. • Illinois Republican National Committeeman • Kansas State Treasurer Tom R. Van Sickle, a Cliffard Carlson narrowly won the Republican nomi former leader of the National Young Republican Fed nation to succeed U.S. Rep. Leslie Arends over four eration, has announced his candidacy for attorney gen other Republicans March 19. Former U.S. Rep. Carl eral. Van Sickle also sought the same nomination in son, who won less than 25 percent of the vote, has 1970, but was defeated in the GOP primary by for the right to oppose Democrat Timothy HaU, who won mer Assistant Attorney General Richard Seaton. The the 15th C.D. nomination over two other more pro incumbent attorney general, Democrat Vern Miller, is gressive aspirants. In Illinois' two other open districts, running for governor. U.S. Rep. William Roy (D) re Republican Val Oshel will oppose former Lt. Gov. cently announced his candidacy for Sen. Bob Dole's Paul Simon (D) in the downstate 24th C.D., and State seat. Rep. Henry Hyde (R) will oppose former Cook Coun ty State's Attorney Edward V. Hanrahan in suburban • John Marttila, the former RNC official who Chicago's 6th C.D. helped mastermind U.S. Rep. Richard VanderVeen's upset victory in Michigan, says there's only one way for Republicans to escape such disasters this year. The Democratic campaign consultant says Republicans have to completely disassociate themselves from President Nixon; the President, according to Marttila, is a leg itimate campaign issue. Voters don't really have to JAWS OF VICTORY choose which candidate is more qualified - just who will represent their views more effectively, he argues. By Clifford Brown and the Ripon Society • Florida Public Service Commissioner Paula Hawkins has been moving toward an announcement that she will challenge Sen. Edward Gurney. Mrs. Hawkins, the GOP national committeewoman, has ac Release Date: June 14 Price $10.95 cused Gurney of lying when he denied that she had been under consideration for the post of U.S. treasurer. Advance Copies are available "My only feeling toward him is one of pity. I was shocked and very disappointed that a man of his stature, from The Ripon Society and holding an office as high as he holds, would stoop 509 C Street N. E., Washington, D.C. so low as to take a 'swipe at a housewife from Mait land," she said. Asked at a news conference if she would help a move to dump Gurney, Mrs. Hawkins said, " ... is an important and useful book for anyone "Where?" who wants to keep abreast of contemporary pol itics." John Gardner. • "The political truth is that the President is in volved with Watergate if only by virtue of his handling of the crisis. And if by our silence, his is the only Re- 5 • Conservative disenchantment with the Republi finally have found a candidate to oppose Sen. Emc:st can Party appears to be spreading. I!l a re.cent iss~e Hollings (D): State Rep. Weston Adams of Columbia. of Human Events American Conservative U mon Chair • New Jersey politics are now back to the p~c man M. Stanton 'Evans wrote, "The major issue to be Cahill days when Webster Todd was state GOP chair decided is whether the Republican Party will some man and Conover Spencer was GOP executive director. how manage to become the vehicle of that (con~rva Both men lost their posts when William Cahill became tive feeling), or whether, as sugg~sted b~ the pse of
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FiJI in coupon, clip it out and return it - with your check or money more. 2 ,ears (12 issues) $4.50 1 ,ear (18 1_) $9.00 order if necessary - to the address above. 1 ,ear (6 Issues) $4.00 .--.....•••. -.-...... -.-.. --...... ---~ to start with a wann relationship be second-rater who uses his second-rate tween government and business and assets so well that he can perfonn COMMENTARY: bring in labor as a regulated junior above the level of many who might partner, while Jackson would like to be first-raters. In short, Jackson is POLITICS start with government and labor and America's premier overachiever. bring in business in a similar fashion. What are the chances that this man There are many examples of Jack might become the presidential nomi son's affinity for this new corporate nee of the Democratic Party? It de image of society: his dose proximity pends on the new rules of the game. to the military-industrial complex, his The Democrats are engaged once more Does support for the Lockheed loan and in a massive reform effort that will other governmental subsidies for key again create a revolution in the nom- industries, his proposal for a nation . inating process. The name of this revo Sooop al land-use program, and his sugges lution is proportionality. (See David tions for regulation of the oil indus Broder's shrewd and extensive analy try. All these show that the "senator sis in the March AI/alllit-.) Under from Boeing" is not a laissez-faire these new rules the winner-take-all Got capitalist in the usual right-wing tra concept will be replaced by a scheme dition - a fact that Barry Goldwater in which all candidates will receive pointed out with great vigor in a delegates proportional to their strength speech to the board of directors of the in primaries or caucuses (if they reach It! American Iron and Steel Institute. some minimum percentage, say 15 per To suggest ~hat Jackson is the Dem cent). ocrats' answer to Connally, however, The rule will have several effects: by Clifford W Brown is a vast oversimplification. The Wash Every serious national contender will ington senator is a very complex man, have to run in every state to accumu Several Democrats have started walk and over the years he has tracked back late his percentage. There will be a ing for the 1976 presidential nomina and forth over many issues on all sides strong tendency toward favorite-son tion. Walking has become a useful po of the prevailing left-right spectrum. candidacies, in order to create a con litical tactic in recent years, but Sen. For example, he is famous for his ef vention-bargaining posture. These two Henry Martin "Scoop" Jackson has forts on behalf of conservation (un tendencies and the general dynamics added a new twist to walking for til ecological doctrines began to con of the situation will make it very dif President. Jackson is walking across flict with corporate interests). He is ficult for anyone candidate to average America's television screens and leav noted for his fascina,tion with Israel more than 50 percent in every state ing the dear imprint of his heel and the Jews. He is remembered for across the country - the minimum mark: "I told you so." In so doing, his suggestion over a year ago that a requirement for a first-ballot victory. it has been prophesized that Jackson massive Apollo-style program was nec The situation created by this rule will will trample all the other Democratic essary to develop our energy resources. be the functional equivalent of a na walkers - Senators Walter Mondale, He is also remembered as a consistent tional primary with 50 percent re Lloyd Bentsen, et ai. - underfoot by hawk, an ancient foe of the Russians, quired to win. The chance that this convention time. and as one of the few senators to reform will produce a power-broker Jackson is correctly regarded as a deny consistently that the Vietnam War ed convention is enormous, since it "right of center" Democrat, but "right" was a mistake. He earns a 100 per will be mathematicallr very difficult in a special sense. He is a strong cent COPE rating most of the time, for anyone to reach the 50-percent supporter of what the Ripon Society and he has a commendable civil rights figure. Consider the 1972 situation in has called the "New Right" philosophy record ...... :. although in 1972 he hopped which McGovern won because of the (see "The Old Right Versus the nimbly on the anti-busing bandwagon. unit rules. In fact, McGovern got 50 New Right," January FORUM), and In short, almost every group in this percent of the vote in only two pri he would like to lead the Democratic country can find some action of Hen maries. (Wallace fared much better, Party in the same direction that John ry Jackson's that they find commend incidentally, but in overall votes, he, Connally would like to push the Re able and, with the exception of the McGovern, and Humphrey had equiv publicaJl Party: towards a new cor AFL-CIO, almost every group can find alent shares.) poratism where Big Government,' Big some action of Henry jackson's that Two other trends also shape the Business, and Big Labor would enjoy they find infuriating. There is, how rules of 1976. First, the tendency to a warm, cozy relationship of mutual ever, a universal consensus about his ward more primaries will continue. backscratching justified by a doctrine personality: he is a very hard-working, Second, there will be some sort of of security - job security, corporate dedicated, serious person, an intense campaign funding reform, probably security, and, of course, national se man with no sense of humor, given a limit on the size of individual curity. In fact, in economic affairs, to occasional fits of vindictiveness and contributions. Together these reforms the only difference between these two dosemindedness, a politician of me create an interesting situation, because Democrats i, that Connally would like dium depth and intense energy, a the need to enter more primaries will 8 boost costs, while campaign contribu son's base. The liberals will have can would be totally unacceptable to both tions will presumably be cut. This didates that will suit them better. ~ left and right wings, of the party. In a combination will greatly benefit la will the blacks. Jackson'S civil rights brokered situation,the length of the en bor candidates and "cause" candidates record will not gain him many points emies list is more important than the (such as Wallace and his equivalents in the delegate selection process. His length of the friends list,' since many on the Left), while hurting the mod biggest potential, obviously, is labor. have a veto power but few have an erates (Muskie, for instance, suffered Labor may well come to view him unchecked king-making power. It is from a similar problem in 1972 on a as the vehicle for stopping Wallace easy to see Jackson's civil rights rec smaller scale). Under these guidelines, and restoring its pivotal position in ord and his affinity for big labor and Scoop Jackson will have a difficult time the nominating process. Labor's efforts, business alienating the racist-populism getting either 50 percent of the dele however, cannot be limited to the of WalIace delegates (especially if gates or emerging as the nominee of usual twisting of arms behind the Jackson was their chief antagonist in a brokered convention. scenes. Labor will have to mount a the campaign). It is easy to see Jack It will be difficult for Jackson to major campaign in primaries and cau son's hawkishness, emphasis on de emerge from this new nominating cuses. It will have to commit itself fense spending, and cozy relationship process wi,th enough delegates to be wholeheartedly to Jackson early and with the military-industrial complex within striking distance of an early wage for the first time an all-out in becoming an unacceptable liability for ballot majority. In addition to the traparty campaign, while other left the Left. And it is easy to see labor mathematical problems, Jackson has wing candidates also make claims on choosing one of its many other accept an image problem. If the nominating its loyalties. Considering the possibility able candidates in order to placate process becomes ,the functional equiv for dissension from liberal unions such right and left wings and win the elec alent for a national primary - with as the United Auto Workers, labor tion. everyone having to run in every state unity in 1976 may be more efferves Even more important is the ques - then candidates and their managers cent than it was in 1972. Without la tion of how the convention might be will have to turn increasingly to na bor's wholehearted backing, Jackson brokered. There is no recent precedent tionwide media purchases, which are will be lost. Even with it, he will have for such a situation. In the old days, more economical than local media pur problems. brokers brokered. That is, they spoke chases. This means network television, Assuming there is no clear conven for their delegate blocs. In 1976 talk shows, debates, etc., as well as tion choice in 1976, Jackson might ap there will be a serious question about strictly "media" appearances along the pear to be a logical compromise be whether many "brokers" will exist in expanded campaign trail. Television is tween the supporters of Wallace, or the classic sense of the word. The new not Jackson's medium. He is harsh, ganization-labor, and left wings of the rules will generate delegates commit wooden, and dull. Television is a re party. After all, Jackson's conserva ted to causes or principles but not laxed medium where a sense of humor tism overseas and his patriotism at "deliverable" in the classic sense. Wal is an asset. He lacks the verve of the home would appeal to the first group; lace might control his delegates, but he revivalist that might translate his "con his historic loyalties and voting record could not deliver them to a liberal can servatism" into a medium to which would appeal to the second group; didate. Labor might control "its" del Wallace supporters could relate. Fur and his civil rights record (together egates, but certainly not to the ex thermore, he lacks the charisma and perhaps with his Russophobia) to the tent it traditionally has been able to pseudo-sophistication that might trans third group. It is possible, however, to do. The Left leadership would lose late his "liberalism" into a medium envision a situation in which Jackson its delegates if it tried to be too "stra that New Left professionals would find tegic" in its maneuvers. The favorite attractive. Jackson is a conventional son would be able to hold their blocs man, and television is a more demand but not convey them. The process of ing medium. Jackson suffers from a delegate selection would take on a lack of warmth, a particularly reveal different meaning in a situation with ing attribute on the tube. out traditional power brokers. Jackson is also not on good terms with the Establishment and its media Finally, a "compromise" candidate connections. The press may respect would face an additional variable: him, but it does not love him. the willingness of various factions to If Jackson has a personality-image compromise rather than pick up their problem, then it seems logical that marbles and "bolt." There is a vast he must create an "issues" constituency. legitimacy problem in the Democratic Jackson, however, is competing with Party, and unless it is solved reason Wallace for the same kind of sup ably well to the satisfaction of the porter in many parts of the country: major factions, no "compromise" can the conservative southerner and the didate will emerge. northern blue-collar worker. To the Henry Jackson, for all his strengths, extent that Wallace is a serious con may not be in the Democratic spirit of tender, he will cut severely into Jack- Henry M. Jackson 1976.•
9 If it is agreed that an income tax tions of dividend receipts, as they now ought to tax income, then all income are. This provision would also en COMElTU!: ought to be taxed alike whether it courage corporations to payout a comes from salaries, gambling, gifts, larger portion of their earnings. IATIOI inheritances, interest, dividends, or Provisions for a lower .tax rate on capital gains. (Income-averaging pro capital gains tax preference cannot visions could be expanded to take be justified by the money inflation of care of large fluctuations in income re assets, since it treats all capital gains sulting from sweepstakes winnings, in equally regardless of whether the prop heritances, or large capital gains.) erty was purchased in 1776 or six InGOlDe Since an income tax is based on months ago. Nor can it be justified on the principle of "ability to pay," the our "ability to pay" premise. Such way the income is spent should be gains as the sale of a house can be the business of the income earner, not handled as fairly by income-averaging Tax the government. and the overall reduction of marginal tax rates. If these premises are accepted, then Tax-exempt state and municipal the following changes in the tax law bonds should be eliminated by pro Betor.. should be enacted: hibiting the issuance of any new Income-splitting provisions for mar ones. Not only is this a tax preference ried couples ought to be eliminated. that only the wealthy can enjoy, but For years, single individuals complain the federal government loses more ed of the discrimination of the in revenue from them than state and local by Richard W Rahn come-splitting provision. The Tax Re governments save. An increase in di form Act of 1969 gave singles some rect :iubsidies to state and local gov relief but discriminated against mar ernments by such devices as revenue ried people where the income of each sharing would be a more appropriate spouse was approximately the same. means to the desired end. Nobody likes taxes, but public opin Specifically, a married couple who ion polls show that Americans in The interest expense deduction each makes $15,000 has to pay a great should be eliminated. It is as much of creasingly believe that their taxes are er total tax than if they were both levied unfairly. Although it may be a discretionary expense as others for single and living together. (Separate t\le income recipient, and there is little difficult to describe objectively a filing for married people does not "good" or "bad" tax system, it is rea justification for treating it different eliminate this discrimination.) Hence, ly from any other expenditure. sonable to assert that the tax screws the state encourages marriage at cer should turn wtth equal force on per Most deductions for chari.table con tain income levels and discourages it tributions should be eliminated or sons of equivalent income. at others. The income tax system Unfortunately, the current Ameri curtailed, e.g., such contributions as should be blind to the marital status can income tax system does not pro church donations, which result in one of taxpayers, particularly in view of taxpayer indirectly supporting another vide such equality. population concerns. The present system also violates the taxpayer's theology with which he may tenet that a tax ought to be neutral. To alleviate a possible increase in not agree. (This particular provision Taxes ought not to affect the price and the tax burden to low-income families also results in greater subsidies for supply of some goods and services as a result of the elimination of the in high-cost ,religions as opposed to low differently than others, for if it does, come-splitting provisions, major in cost ones. This occurs because any it will result in disruption and inef creases should be made in the per tax deduction reduces total government ficiency in the economic system. sonal and dependent income exemp revenue which must be offset by high The current income tax structure tions. An adjustment in the personal er tax rates for everycne.) There exist provides for rates ranging from 14- exemption from ,the current $750 to many other organizations which all 70 percent, with the maximum aver $2,000 per person would more accu taxpayers subsidize by deductible con age effective rate of about 30 percent rately reflect the cost of contempo tributions but which produce : .ighly applying to persons with incomes over rary living. This. change would also debatable general social betterment. $100,000. reduce the burden felt by the work Each of these suggested reforms The recommendations which follow ing poor in supporting their depen will be opposed by highly vocal vested would make the income tax system dents. interests opponents. Given the in more equitable and thus would help Corporate income taxes should be creasing cynicism with which the pub restore the public's faith in their tax revised so that the amount of tax lic views government in general and system. If these recommendations are able income would be reduced by the the tax system in particular, it would put into effect, the present rate struc amount paid out in dividends. Stock behoove Congress to show a little ture could be substantially reduced holders would then pay the same in strength and honesty by increasing the to something on the order of 12-50 come tax rate on their dividends as fairness of our income tax system and percent and still generate the same on earned wages, but would not be enacting a program such as the one federal income. taxed twice on the non-excluded por- described. • 10 nation is still faced with the task of to the growth of a "loyal opposition." defining what its future role in the Nha's attitude toward political oppo COMMENTABY: Vietnamese struggle should be. sition is illustrative of a growing flex For many Americans, the moral dis ibility in the Thieu government. This illusionment of the Vietnam war has fact is recognized by Professor Nguyen WORLD spurred the country to turn inward and Ngoc Huy, who, as leader of the op toward isolationism. But the United position party (Social Democratic Al States has an international responsibili liance), finds increasing freedom to ty which should be based on the les speak openly about the government. sons of its mistakes and an awareness America's long-time involvement in The of its limitations. the Vietnam conflict and the effects Since the Vietnam cease-fire accord of a relentless war have made South was signed in Paris in January 1973, Vietnam's economy dependent upon there have been more than 335,000 continuing U.S. aid. That our aid will Future cease-fire violations. The Soviets and not continue endlessly has been recog Chinese have continued to pour °nized by the South Vietnamese lead weapons mto North Vietnam, and the ership. President Thieu is now active United States has responded in kind. ly seeking international economic as There is clearly no immediate hope sistance, and he seems willing to ac for peace since all available intelligence cept the fact (perhaps reluctantly) data still indicates that the leadership that the extent of American support Vietll8.lll of North Vietnam remains committed will continue to decline. Herein lies to the goal of taking over the South, the future of America's role in South which is enjoying greater legitimacy Vietnam. by Peter Hughes with the general populace than ever South Vietnam is a developing before. country with a great economic poten and .Mark Harol! South Vietnam is not without its tial. Through its strong agricultural problems, including the continuing base and with economic development "The Vietnam War," wrote Robert war, corruption, and inflation. But the the country certainly has the potential Bartley in the Christian Science Moni government of South Vietnam is not to achieve economic stability. The tor, is "far greater national tragedy an anonymous collection of military prospects for discovering oil on its than even Watergate. In this case it and bureaucratic "hacks." The aver shores are rated excellent, and such cannot be said that our institutions re age age of Thieu's cabinet is 41 years, a discovery would be a major boost strained mistaken men." compared to an average age of 60 toward that country's self-sufficiency. Vietnam has come to symbOlize the years for members of Hanoi's Polit But these developments will take time, loss of 55,000 American lives, domestic bureau. Many of these young cabinet and it is time that the United States divisiveness, violent protest, a fallen members were educated in the United seems unwilling to give them. President, and a deeply wounded na States and share a common belief in Somewhere in the process of be tional pride. The result is that most classical liberalism. Most would like coming involved in Vietriam, we seem Americans have attempted to block to see the government's decentraliza to have forgotten both the interna Vietnam out of their consciousness. tion and civil liberty expansion pro tional events that resulted in America's Only one year after the Paris cease-fire ceed as quickly as possible. South Viet commitment as well as our original agreement, the war in Vietnam con nam's minister of information, H.E. purpose. We now have the opportu tinues unabated. Although America's Hoang Du Nha, one of the most able nity to learn from our mistakes and military involvement has ended, the Cabinet members, is totally committed come forth with a positive policy . •
kind of politician who takes a nap during a campaign, DULY NOTED POLITICS: which is why he will be favored to win a 15th straight term this year," writes Dalton. • CbalIengers Une up AgaInst Donahue, by Corne • Letter From Washington, February ZZ, by Rich lius Dalton, Boston Herald.American, Sunday Advertiser, ard H. Rovere, The New Yorker, March 4, 1974. While March 24,1974. The second-ranking member of the House many have commented on the prevalence of advertising Judiciary Committee may be in trouble in Massachusetts' executives rather than professional politicians in the 3rd C.D. "Although they don't say so openly, (U.S. Rep. Nixon White House, Richard Rovere emphasizes the role Harold) Donahue's challengers believe that he is vul of professional manipulators. "It is noteworthy that nerable because of his age, which is 72, and that time has among the leading Watergate figures there was not one run out on him." He has two liberal Democratic primary - unless the Senate includes Nixon among them - with opponents: Gerald D'Amico, 25, a popular member of any stature either in traditional professional poiltics or the Worcester school committee; and John Anderson, a in industry in the old sense. Except for a few skilled Holy Cross professor active in 1972 McGovern politics. electronic technicians who worked with "the plumbers," Donahue, however, has easily defeated both Democratic the key figures are all manipulators of one sort or an primary and Republican geneml-election opposition in other." Rovere is concerned not only about the irole of the past. This year, the Republican will be State Rep. manipulators in poiltics, but in industry as well "During David J. Lionett, 30. "Donahue, they say, occasionally Nixon's years in politics," he writes, "American capital takes a nap during the long and often boring sessions of ism has become a system in which the production of the House, which he faithfully attends. But he isn't the goods requires less energy, imagination, and inventiveness 11 than does the distribution of what is produced, and the • "Party Hopping Dims Connally's Candle," by David businessmen seeking influence have not been old-fashion S. Broder. Newark Star-Ledger, March 17, 1974. "From ed captains of indiustry but newer breeds from the sales, the loOk of things here, it will be a long time before promotion, and adlvertising departments. Today, continues (John) Connally's new allies have a genuine gubernato Rovere, "what is generally regarded as business talent rial victory - or much of anything else - to celebrate. has less to do with production or engineering or even, Last spring, when the former three-term governor and for that matter, banking, than with manipulating tech political strongman took his presidential ambitions U!.to niques that are not unlike those employed in politics." the GOP, Texas Republicans hailed his move as 'the And we might add, during Nixon's years in politics, the most tremendous politioaI breakthrough' possible. They Republican Party's association with American capitalism. predicted a wave of conversions that would tip the bal has become less one of encouraging the productivity of ance of state politics to the GOP." But it did not happen. aggressive and intelligent entrepreneurs than of protect "Whatever the explanation, it appears unlikely that Con ing the inefficiency of the aggressive and intelligent man nally will be able to claim credit this year for helping ipulators. his adopted party score any significant breakthrough in his own state. And that failure - together with the milk • "WUlIam Scranton Remalns Aloof: He Says He fund testimony and the continuing problems of his patron, Doesn't Want to Be God, or Governor," by Steve Neal. President Nixon - may well cloud his chances of head Phlladelphla Inquirer, March 31, 1974. William Scranton ing the Republican ticket in 1976," writes Broder. has in the past six years rejected bids to become vice president, secretary of state, ambassador to three coun • "Connally - A Man Without A Party," by Row tries, and energy czar. He has also rejected the en land Evans and Robert Novak. Boston Globe, March 25, treaties of Pennsylvania Republicans to run for governor 1974. Despite the success of John Connally's dinner cam this year. The 56-year-old former governor is chairman his is of the board of Northeastern Bank in Scranton and pre paigning in recent months, presidential campaign fers reading to running for office. Commenting on his not going anywhere. The reason, according to Evans and abortive 1964 presidential run, Scranton says, "I knew Novak, that "Connally is a Republican to the Democrats, that I never had a chance to be nominated. There just but he is still a Democrat to Republicans - in short, a wasn't that much strength in the liberal end of the par man without a party. oMreover, his politically inert de fense of President Nixon may not hurt him in the South, ty. I ran primarily out of concern for the future of the but it is not helping either." The columnists quote one party. Republicans were being portrayed as a white Connally associate as observing, "Connally thinks about supremacy party and that really threw me off - it was Nixon and national politics like they think in Dallas, so contrary to the party's record. I was disturbed about and Dallas just ain't the USA." So, the columnists say, what was happening to the party. I wasn't personally "With no Connally political organization in sight and not ambitious for power. This bothered people like Hugh the slightest Connally effort to build one, 1976 looms Scott who think that everybody wants to be God. I did bleak today. And 1976, Connally says, would be the last not want to be President." chance for him." • "Sheehan's Campaign for Governor Faltering," by David Farrell. Boston Globe, April 11, 1974. Peter Fuller, • "Congress and the Media: Partnel"s In Propagan the Massachusetts Republican who was gearing up his in da.," by Ben H. Bagdikian. ColumbIa Journalism Review, dependent gubernatorial campaign, suddenly withdrew January February 1974. Local media are too uncritical from the race for unexplained personal reasons in late of congressional incumbents, according to the Review's March. Fuller's withdrawal has had an adverse effect on national correspondent. Citing such examples as the em the gubernatorial campaign of another anti-Sargent Re ployment of joint employment of a Scranton Tribune re publican, former Commerce Secretary Carroll Sheehan. porter by both the Tribune and U.s. Rep. Joseph M. Mc According to Farrell, Sheehan hoped to pick up Ful Dade, (R-Pa.) Bagdikian argues that the media advan ler's suppOrters in his primary campaign against Gov. tages of congressional incumbents contribute to the low Francis Sargent. Sargent, however, has an almost mag turnover in the House of Representatives and ultimately ieal ability to discourage Republican opposition, most re to "the growing impotence and insensitivity of the leg cently coopting Sheehan's prospective running mate for islative branch." Although about half of the House of lieutenant governor, Raymond Fontana, a former mem Representatives were freshmen a century ago, the per ber of the Governor's Council. "Several of the original centage dropped to 12 percent by 1970. Concludes Bag leaders of the anti-Sargent faction are starting to back dUdan, "... the renewal of the House on the basis of off and head out of the building before the whole struc performance and changes in public desires is not work ture collapses on them. About the only certainty of the ing. One important reason is that the news media simply current situation is that it will take a miracle and a lot don't tell the folks back home what their member of of money for Carroll Sheehan to refuel his sagging p0- Congress really does. Worse than that, most of the media litical fortunes. Both are unlikely," says Farrell. are willing conduits for the highly selective information the member of Congress decid~ to feed the electorate • "Ford Speeulates on Edsel Future for GOP," by This propaganda is sent to newspapers and broadcastmg Robert Comstock. (Hackensack, N.J.) Record, March 31, stations, and the vast majority of them pass it off to 1974. Vice President Gerald Ford's March visit to New the voters as professionally collected, written and edited Jersey failed to put much of a dent in U.S. Rep. Charles 'news.' " The impact that aggressive media coverage could Sandman's huge debt from his 1973 gubernatorial cam have on Congress is revealed in one persuasive statistic paign. Sandman raised only $35,000 against his $247,000 cited by Bagdikian: "In 1972, for example, of 60 new debt. "Under an arrangement worked out by GOP State members elected to the House, including some Ifilling Chairman Webster B. Todd, Ford's appearance in At vaoancies, 57, or 95 percent, came from the minority of lantic City was supposed to exhaust the state party's House districts with a newspaper or broadcasting station obligation for Sandman's debt. The state party, mean that ~ntains some direct Washington correspondence." while, raised $47,000 the same night against its $124,000 Accordmg to the Ralph Nader Congress Project the per debt. Meanwhile, Jersey Democrats have public dreams ce~tages of media outlets with Washington cont~cts were: of sweeping the entire 15-man congressional delegation daIly newspapers, 28 percent; TV stations, 4 percent; and this fall. radio stations, 1 percent.
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