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Geographical Information System Sector “Knowing where things are, and why, is essential to rational decision making.” Jack Dangermond 162 NESPAK PROFILE 1973 - 2018 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM SECTOR The Geographical Information System (GIS) SCOPE OF SERVICES is a framework to collect, store, manage, manipulate, analyse and visualise spatial Real-time Crop Water Monitoring using data. GIS enables to store information in Satellites: Identification of crop types, layers and retrieve data to identify unique development of Normalised Difference patterns, solve complex problems, Vegetation Indexes (NDVIs), generation of automate processes and build decision NDVI time-series using Fourier components support systems. (magnitude and phase), calculation of evapotranspiration and calculation of crop The GIS has the potential to be used in water requirements. virtually every field. The application of GIS includes urban planning, transportation DSM and DTM Generation from Drone planning, environmental risk analysis, Imaging: Production of extremely high- climate change, flood forecasting and resolution Ortho-mosaics (less than 10cm), damage estimation, disaster management Digital Surface Models (DSM) and Digital and mitigation, emergency response, hydro- Terrain Models (DTM) from Unmanned informatics, irrigation water management, Aerial Vehicle (UAV) or Drone imaging. Geo- reservoir site selection, wetlands mapping, rectification by state-of-the-art Differential natural resources management, wildlife Global Positioning Systems (DGPS) for management, landslide hazard zonation, survey grade accuracy results. soil mapping, mineral exploration, modelling renewable energy, agriculture, Photogrammetry: Aerial triangulation, land information system, public health, stereo compilation, bundle block waste management, crime analysis and adjustments, digital surface modelling, utilities mapping. digital terrain modeling, ortho-rectification, ortho-mosaicking and feature collection At NESPAK, the GIS Sector continues to (topographic/planimetric maps) grow exponentially in the engineering and environmental domains. NESPAK is the Remote Sensing: Information extraction pioneer in the GIS Sector in Pakistan and its from passive and active remotely sensed industry leadership extends over three data (e.g., multi-spectral radiometer, Radar, decades. The Company's vast experience in Lidar), digital image processing, pattern diverse disciplines has increased its recognition, automated classification of portfolio of GIS projects manifold. So far, land covers, supervised classification, more than 70 projects have been unsupervised classification, Geographic undertaken in this sector for local and Object-based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) and international clients in addition to providing change detection. in-house services for the Company. NESPAK possesses a strong team of GIS experts Web GIS Application: Development of having excellent technical knowledge and browser-based GIS application on both broad experience to ensure successful and Environmental Systems Research Institute timely completion of projects. (ESRI) and open source platform. Online spatial querying, overlay and buffer analysis NESPAK scope of services and experience in and other geo-processing tasks. Dynamic the GIS Sector are given below: development of thematic maps, based on NESPAK PROFILE 1973 - 2018 163 the outputs of hydrological and hydraulic Indus Basin Model Revised (IBMR), Neelum- models. Jhelum Hydropower Project, Greater Thal Canal Project and Alborz Integrated Land GIS Database and Model Development: and Water Management. Detail of Development of geo database consisting of experience areas is as follows: thematic map layers e.g., land use, soils, elevation, geology, slope, watersheds, Ÿ Flood Forecasting: In the field of flood floodplain map layers and their integration forecasting, NESPAK has carried out the with hydrologic, groundwater, National Flood Protection Plan-IV evapotranspiration, watershed and river project, wherein previously developed flow models. Flood Early Warning System (FEWS) model was updated. Land-use map of Geographical Data Analysis: GIS data Indus River and its major tributaries analysis includes querying, reclassification, (Kabul, Swat, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi and retrieval, map generalisation, map Sutluj) has been developed along with abstraction, map sheet manipulations, high, medium and low flood risk zones. buffer generation, polygon overlay and FEWS predict expected areas of dissolve, measurements, digital terrain inundation for any part of 3,500 km analysis (hydrology, topography etc.), cut/fill long Indus Basin. All land-use and risk volume calculations, network analysis and maps are accessible through a web GIS overlay analysis. application developed for stakeholders. GIS Field Data Collection and Verification: Ÿ Drought Mitigation and Planning: GIS Data collection through field surveys, has been utilised to evaluate the topographic survey, etc., being applied to all impact of prolonged drought in types of features such as roads, rivers, Pakistan in Rod Malazai and Pishin dams. districts, Balochistan and Soan Valley, Map Production: Map production as per District Khushab, Punjab. After an ESRI cartographic standards. intense resource evaluation based on satellite imageries, potential sites for EXPERIENCE recharge dams and deep groundwater development were identified. A NESPAK offers a broad spectrum of GIS Disaster Mitigation Plan was prepared services in near real-time monitoring of with GIS overlays and modelling. flood, reservoirs, crop conditions, forest disturbances e.t.c., using very high- GIS in Dam Engineering: GIS is being used resolution satellite imagery, extremely high- extensively in a number of ongoing resolution digital surface models produced hydropower projects. Large-scale from drone imaging. Development of Web topographical mapping, catchment area GIS applications and its integration with delineation, geological mapping and engineering models and customised GIS resettlement studies have been carried out applications as per client requirements. To for the Kalabagh Dam, Diamer-Basha Dam, date, NESPAK has developed GIS database Mangla Dam Raising and Mirani Dam and models for urban development, utilities projects. mapping, flood forecasting, watershed management, irrigation and dam GIS in Urban Planning: As many as 15 engineering. projects have been carried out in the urban planning sector by NESPAK. The important GIS in Water Sector: NESPAK has provided ones are the Development of GIS Geo- extensive GIS services for 28 projects in the spatial for Five Cities in Punjab, Satellite Water Sector. Key projects include National Imageries of 42 Military Cantonments of Flood Protection Plan-IV, Water Resources Pakistan, Sindh Six Cities Improvement Management Information System (WRMIS), Investment Programme, Rawalpindi 164 NESPAK PROFILE 1973 - 2018 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM SECTOR Improvement Project, Integrated Master Ÿ was prepared. NESPAK also provided Plan for Lahore and Integrated Master Plan GIS services for the Sewerage and for Multan. Drainage Scheme for Southern Lahore and Multan Master Plan Project. GIS in Highways Sector: NESPAK offers GIS services for projects pertaining to roads and Ÿ Water Supply System Mapping: highways. NESPAK has provided services for Another NESPAK project in the utilities Corridor and Alignment Study of Batinah sector is the Quetta Water Supply and Expressway, Detailed Field Inventory Environmental Improvement Project. Planning and Preparation of Krookies Along Water supply network has been Batinah Coastal Highway, Treatment of digitised and all the parameters have Landslides on Kohala-Muzaffarabad Road, been incorporated for various nodes Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Sialkot- and lines in the network. The network Lahore Motorway Project. has been linked with MIKE Urban Software of the Danish Hydraulic GIS in Utilities Mapping: As many as 16 Institute and simulates the flow projects have been carried out in the utility distribution in the network. NESPAK network sector. Details are given below: also provided GIS services for Water Supply System mapping for Multan Ÿ Power Distribution System Mapping: Master Plan. NESPAK developed a GIS for 11 kV network of one of the grid stations for Ÿ Corridor Mapping: NESPAK also renders the Karachi Electric Supply Company for services in corridor mapping which managing information of the power includes corridor and route selection distribution network from the grid for a collision-free corridor. Corridor station to the transformers. The selection comprises identification and conventional database for consumer mapping of constraints, i.e., data management has been linked to environmentally protected areas, steep the base map to record consumer slope areas, water bodies, built-up location. This can be helpful for further areas, prohibited areas and heritage analyses to aid power engineers in load sites within a specific corridor. NESPAK balancing and location-based loss has carried out Iran-Pakistan Gas statistics. pipeline 800km route selection and 1,300 km long Power Transmission line Ÿ Gas Distribution System Mapping: A from Karachi to the Upcountry using its GIS application has been developed for expert services. the Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited. Complete distribution system of Sui Gas SOFTWARE USE network from SMS (Short Message Service) to consumer has been digitised NESPAK is using ArcGIS program for with the help of existing maps, latest mapping and
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