Thor Heyerdahl, Waters, Beyond Help of Any Kind

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Thor Heyerdahl, Waters, Beyond Help of Any Kind 1 En reise dømt til undergang A journey headed for doom and destruction Våren 1947 dro seks mann ut på en ekspedisjon med absolutt In the spring of 1947, six men embarked on an expedition alle odds mot seg. Fartøyet var uprøvd, og hadde en rekke with all odds against them. Their vessel had never been tested, potensielle svakheter. Teorien som hevdet at forsøket var and it had several potentially dangerous flaws. The theory forsvarlig, ble i beste fall karakterisert som kontroversiell. claiming that the expedition was safe was considered contro- Skulle noe gå galt, ville mennene drive hjelpeløst rundt i versial at best. If anything went wrong, the crew would be noen av verdens mest urolige farvann, hinsides redning. drifting helplessly in some of the world’s most turbulent Lederen, den 33 år gamle nordmannen Thor Heyerdahl, waters, beyond help of any kind. The leader, 33-year-old slet med til dels kraftig vannskrekk, hadde minimale Norwegian Thor Heyerdahl, suffered from severe hydrophobia, svømmeferdigheter og absolutt ingen erfaring innen had minimal swimming skills, and had no experience as a sjømannskap. sailor whatsoever. Dette er historien om han, og hvorfor han og fem av hans This is the story about him, and why he and five other men likesinnede dro på en sjøreise en hel verden av eksperter succeeded on a journey, which most experts had predicted spådde undergang og død. failure and certain death. 1: Thor Heyerdahl: ekspedisjonens leder. 1: Thor Heyerdahl: the expedition leader. L’expédition Kon-Tiki, La spedizione Kon Tiki, La expedición de Kon Tiki, première partie prima parte primera parte Au printemps 1947, une embarcation en balsa Nella primavera del 1947, una zattera di legno En la primavera de 1947, una balsa de madera avec six membres d’équipage quitta le Pérou di balsa con a bordo sei uomini lasciò il suolo tripulada por seis hombres abandonó la tierra pour se lancer à l’assaut de l’océan pacifique. Les del Perù e si avventurò nell’Oceano Pacifico. La firme de Perú y se lanzó al Océano Pacífico. La experts dans ce domaine pensaient qu’elle était maggior parte degli esperti non dava alcuna mayoría de los expertos en la materia no creían vouée à l’échec. Ils ne pensaient même pas que speranza di successo alla spedizione. Essi ritene- que la expedición tuviera posibilidades de éxito. l’équipage survivrait au voyage. Le responsable vano che i membri dell’equipaggio non sareb- Ni siquiera creían que los miembros de la tripu- de l’expédition était un norvégien âgé de 33 ans, bero nemmeno sopravvissuti al viaggio. Il capo lación fueran a sobrevivir al viaje. El líder de la Thor Heyerdahl. della spedizione era il trentatreenne norvegese expedición era el noruego Thor Heyerdahl, de 33 Thor Heyerdahl. años. Il avait eu l’idée de cette expédition 11 ans plus tôt sur Fatu Hiva, une île de l’océan pacifique où La spedizione era il risultato di un’idea che Hey- La expedición surgió a partir de una idea que il avait découvert plusieurs statues en pierre qui erdahl aveva avuto 11 anni prima su Fatu Hiva, tuvo Heyerdahl 11 años antes en Fatu Hiva, una ressemblaient étrangement à des statues dé- un’isola dell’Oceano Pacifico. Sull’isola, Heyer- isla del Océano Pacífico. Allí descubrió una ex- couvertes en Amérique du Sud. En s’appuyant dahl aveva scoperto numerose statue di pietra, traordinaria semejanza entre varias estatuas de sur ces découvertes, il émit une nouvelle théorie estremamente simili a quelle trovate in Sud piedra de ese lugar con las estatuas existentes révolutionnaire : ces îles du pacifique n’avaient America. Sulla base del ritrovamento elaborò en América del Sur. Y a partir de este descubrim- pas été colonisées depuis l’Ouest, comme le una teoria nuova e rivoluzionaria: le isole del Pa- iento, inició una teoría novedosa y revolucion- supposaient les chercheurs, mais de l’Est. La cifico non erano state colonizzate a partire da aria: las islas del Océano Pacífico no fueron po- communauté scientifique rejeta sa théorie en ovest, come si era sempre pensato, ma a partire bladas desde Occidente, como se creyó siempre. bloc. Cela l’obligea à utiliser une méthode sci- da est. La comunità scientifica rigettò con deci- Los pobladores llegaron desde el este. La recon- entifique jamais utilisée jusque là : pour prou- sione la sua teoria. Di conseguenza, Heyerdahl ocida comunidad científica descartó su teoría ver qu’un tel voyage était possible, il décida de decise di adottare un metodo scientifico senza sin demasiada reflexión. Lo obligaron a utilizar l’effectuer lui-même. precedenti: per provare che un viaggio come un método científico sin precedentes: para com- quello era possibile, decisi di farlo lui stesso. probar que un viaje como ese era posible, decid- Avant de pouvoir naviguer sur les eaux du ió hacerlo él mismo. pacifique, Heyerdahl fut confronté à plusieurs Per far arrivare la zattera fino all’Oceano Pacifico, défis qui lui semblèrent impossible à relever. Il Heyerdahl doveva superare una serie di diffi- A fin de que Heyerdahl lograra que la balsa trouva malgré tout des solutions et, le 28 avril, coltà apparentemente impossibili. Riuscì a su- zarpara hacia el Pacífico, tuvo que afrontar varias l’embarcation en balsa baptisée « Kon-Tiki » perarle e il 28 di aprile la zattera di legno di balsa tareas que parecían imposibles. Las resolvió ni quitta les côtes péruviennes à l’assaut de la plus “Kon Tiki” lasciò la costa del Perù per affrontare bien surgieron, y el 28 de abril, la balsa de made- vaste étendue d’eau de la planète. la massa d’acqua più grande del pianeta. ra “Kon Tiki” abandonó la costa de Perú para lan- zarse a la masa de agua más grande del planeta. Die Kon-Tiki-Expedition, Экспедиция «Кон-Тики», コン・ティキ号の探険、 Teil 1 часть первая 第一部 Im Frühling 1947 verließen sechs Männer auf ei- Весной 1947 года от берегов Перу шесть 1947年の春、6人が乗船したバルサの筏がペ nem Floß aus Balsaholz das Festland Perus und мужчин отправились на плоту из бальзовых ルーから出港し、太平洋へと冒険に出発しまし machten sich in den Pazifischen Ozean auf. Die деревьев в опасное путешествие через た。この分野の専門家でこの冒険に成功の可能 meisten Experten auf dem Gebiet sahen keine Тихий океан. Большинство ученых не давали 性があると考えた人はほとんどいませんでした。 großen Erfolgschancen für die Expedition. Sie этой экспедиции ни единого шанса на успех. それどころか、乗組員がこの旅から生還すること gingen nicht einmal davon aus, dass die Besat- Более того, они не верили, что команда さえ期待していませんでした。冒険のリーダーは zungsmitglieder die Reise überleben würden. вообще вернется из путешествия. Возглавлял 33歳のノルウェー人、トール・ヘイエルダールで Anführer der Expedition war der 33-jährige Nor- экспедицию 33-летний норвежец Тур した。 weger Thor Heyerdahl. Хейердал. この11年前、ヘイエルダールが太平洋の島「フ Die Expedition war aus einer Idee Heyerdahls К экспедиции привела идея, возникшая у ァツヒバ」である考えを思いついたことが、この冒 entstanden, die ihm 11 Jahre zuvor auf Fatu Хейердала 11 лет назад на острове Фату- 険のきっかけでした。その島で彼は南アメリカで Hiva gekommen war, einer Insel im Pazifischen Хива в Тихом океане. Там он обнаружил Ozean. Hier entdeckte er mehrere Steinstatuen, каменные статуи, очень похожие на те, 発見された像と極めてよく似た石像をいくつか die den in Südamerika zu findenden Statuen er- что были известны по находкам в Южной 発見したのです。このことから、彼は新しい画期 staunlich ähnlich waren. Darauf baute er eine Америке. Отталкиваясь от этого факта, 的な説を発表しました。それまで考えられていた neue und revolutionäre Theorie auf: Die Inseln Хейердал выдвинул новую, революционную ように、太平洋にあるこの島には西から来た人々 im Pazifik waren nicht, wie zuvor angenommen, теорию: острова в Тихом океане заселялись が住んでいたわけではなく、東からやって来た人 vom Westen aus besiedelt worden. Sie wurden не с запада, как было принято считать, а с 々が住んでいたという説です。既存の科学界は、 vom Osten her besiedelt. Die etablierten Ver- востока. Признанное научное сообщество 彼の説をにべもなく一蹴しました。このためヘイ treter der Wissenschaft auf dem Gebiet verwar- с пренебрежением отвергло эту теорию, エルダールは前例のない科学的方法を用いらざ fen die Theorie, ohne ihr viel Aufmerksamkeit zu что заставило Хейердала использовать るを得なくなったのです。それは、このような航 schenken. Das zwang ihn zu einer noch nie da неслыханный научный метод: чтобы доказать, 海が可能であることを証明するというもので、彼 gewesenen wissenschaftlichen Methode: Um zu что такое путешествие возможно, он решил は自分自身で 実 行 することにしました 。 beweisen, dass eine solche Reise möglich war, сам совершить его. wollte er sie selbst unternehmen. ヘイエルダールが太平洋に向かって筏で出発す Прежде чем плот вышел в Тихий океан, るまでには、不可能だと思われた課題にいくつも Bevor Heyerdahl sein Floß aber in den Pazi- Хейердалу пришлось столкнуться со 直面しました。彼は課題が明らかになる度に即 fik schwimmen lassen konnte, musste er eine множеством невыполнимых на первый взгляд 座 に 対 処 し 、4 月 2 8 日 に バ ル サ の 筏「 コ ン ・ テ ィ キ Zahl vermeintlich unmöglicher Aufgaben be- задач. Однако он преодолел все трудности по 号」は地球上最大の海と相対するべく、ペルーの wältigen. Er überwand alle Hindernisse, auf die мере их появления, и 28 апреля бальзовый 海岸線を後にしました。 er traf, und am 28. April verließ das Balsaholz- плот «Кон-Тики» покинул побережье Перу, Floß “Kon Tiki” die Küste von Peru, um sich den чтобы пересечь самый большой и глубокий größten Wassermassen des Planeten zu stellen. водоем на планете. 1 En idé blir formet An idea comes to life Fortellingen om Kon-Tiki starter 11 år før flåten ble sjøsatt. The story of Kon-Tiki began 11 years before the raft was I 1937-38 hadde Thor og kona Liv tilbragt ett år på øya Fatu launched. In 1937-38 Thor Heyerdahl and his wife Liv spent Hiva i Stillehavet. Thor studerte zoologi, og paret hadde a year on the island of Fatu Hiva in the Pacific Ocean. Thor gjennomført et omfattende feltarbeide. En kveld bemerket studied zoology, and the couple conducted comprehensive Liv at bølgene alltid slo mot østsiden av øya. Dette vekket fieldwork. One night Liv remarked that the ocean waves Thors nysgjerrighet. En av øyas eldste innbyggere hadde always struck the eastern shore of the island. This caught fortalt at stamfaren hans, Tiki, hadde kommet til Fatu Hiva Thor’s attention. One of the elders on the island had told him fra et stort land bortenfor havet.
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