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Save the Tasmanian Devil SEPTEMBER 2012 — ISSN 1833-4954 SAVE THE TASMANIAN DEVIL. FREE NEWSLETTER 3 Testing 5 Latest 6 Devils on a Devil Devil Display Road Grid Research establishing four free range enclosures genetic suitability and wild behavioural now housing many of the IP devils in traits. Following their release, the devils Protecting the State. The DIP received the proceeds will be closely monitored using a range from Devil Island member and chef Fiona of techniques including remote camera, Hoskins’ recipe book and announced that radio tracking and trapping. Devils in it would be working with the Program to further develop the isolation projects. Forestier Peninsula is the site for the first of the Landscape Isolation projects. Like the Wild The Maria Island Translocation Project the MITP, the Forestier Peninsula Project is (MITP) has undergone a comprehensive aimed at establishing a natural population and rigorous assessment process over of healthy devils but it is logistically more After safeguarding the Tasmanian the past 18 months. It has now been complex because of the need for physical devil against extinction through the approved by the Parks and Wildlife Service barriers and the removal of diseased devils establishment of a disease-free Insurance (PWS) subject to a set of conditions (depopulation) prior to the re-introduction Population (IP), the Save the Tasmanian aimed at protecting the natural and of healthy devils (re-wilding). Devil Program is now implementing cultural heritage values on the island. conservation strategies to ensure the These conditions highlight the need for To date, the Program has been gathering survival of the species in the wild. ongoing monitoring of the introduced intelligence on how to achieve the devils along with other native species. depopulation and physical isolation of The large scale protection of healthy The requirements are being incorporated the Peninsula. A pilot project to test the devils, quarantined in their natural into the MITP plan and formalised in a effectiveness of trapping as the primary habitat, is the aim of recent proposals memorandum of understanding with the depopulation method was undertaken in by the Program for island translocation PWS for the ongoing management of the May-June and the results were favourable. and landscape isolation projects. These devil population. A total of 35 devils were caught over 28 projects are also designed to preserve days of trapping (all within the first two the species’ wild traits for future About 50 devils will be released in a weeks); 11 of which were DFTD positive, reintroductions of devils. staged approach over the next two years. A giving a disease prevalence of 31% on the detailed operational plan is being prepared Peninsula. The Program will now proceed The sites most suited to landscape to coordinate the activities needed for a with the second phase of the Project and isolation in Tasmania have been successful first translocation of around focus on completing the depopulation identified, investigated and assessed over ten animals in November. The devils will and constructing the incursion buffer at the past two years. They include Maria be selected from the IP according to their Dunalley. Island, Forestier, Tasman and Freycinet peninsulas, and Woolnorth in North West Tasmania. Of these, the immediate focus is on Maria Island and Forestier Peninsula. However, some of the other isolation projects may also be progressed with the fundraising assistance of volunteer group, Devil Island Project (DIP). The DIP has already contributed significantly to the Program, being instrumental in Forestier and Tasman peninsulas will be protected from diseased devils and used to 1 SAVE THE TASMANIAN DEVIL PROGRAM NEWSLETTER re-wild healthy Tasmanian devils Heading in Right Direction THE STORY to Save the Devil SO FAR... An external review of the Save Population (IP) of disease-free devils in The Devil Facial Tumour Disease the Tasmanian Devil Program has order to safeguard the species against (DFTD) is a unique contagious acknowledged that significant extinction and as a source of future cancer that kills all infected devils. achievements have been made since the reintroductions. The target for the IP of It poses a significant threat to the start of the 2008-13 funding period. The 500 devils representing over 98% of the survival of the Tasmanian devil and mid-term review conducted by Landcare species’ genetic diversity was achieved has devastated devil populations in Research New Zealand and commissioned earlier this year – ahead of schedule – the wild. by the Program, concluded that the STDP with the support of the Australian Zoo is performing well against its objectives and Aquarium Association (ZAA). The and is heading in the right direction devils are being held by about 20 of Devil numbers are estimated to regarding the conservation strategies ZAA’s member zoos and parks in captive have declined across the State being implemented. breeding and semi-free range facilities by over 80% as a result of DFTD. spread throughout Australia. At Mt William in NE Tasmania The Program is planning a range of where the disease was first strategies to achieve its vision of “an While excellent progress has also been recorded in 1996, the loss is well enduring and ecologically functioning made in understanding the disease over 90%. population of Tasmanian devils in the and its spread (see page 5), the only wild”. A broad scope is necessary due to management tool currently available to the complex nature of the problem; and prevent the spread of DFTD is to break the the Program has the support of many transmission cycle by preventing healthy The disease has spread in a south- partner organisations, conservation devils from being bitten by diseased ones. westerly direction to cover much specialists and scientific collaborators. This is the purpose of the Program’s most of the State. The disease ‘front’ is It represents the largest threatened recent strategies (ie island translocation currently located just west of the species response in Australia to date, with and landscape isolation projects), which Murchison Highway in the North significant funding from the Australian aim to establish natural populations of West. However, recent cases have and Tasmanian governments. It has also disease-free devils in landscapes protected been recorded within 16 km of the attracted considerable international from the disease. These strategies are now West Coast, and in the Zeehan area interest due to the science behind this rare the focus of the Program along with Devil in 2011 and at Mawbanna in 2012. disease, the uniqueness of the species and Island Project, a community volunteer- the significance of the conservation effort. based organisation that is supporting the Program in constructing free range DFTD produces small lumps in and The first strategy undertaken by the enclosures and some of the landscape around the mouth which develop Program was to secure an Insurance isolation areas. into large tumours on the face and neck. Death follows as a result of starvation and the breakdown of bodily functions. DFTD is transmitted from animal to animal through biting. The foreign cells of the tumour aren’t recognised by the individual animal’s immune system, which is thought to be due to the nature of the DFTD cells as well a limited genetic variation within the devil population. The next step is re-wilding disease-free devils into large isolated landscapes, which are protected from diseased animals The Tasmanian devil is listed as Endangered under the Australian Government’s Environment WHO WE ARE Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and The Save the Tasmanian Devil Progam is the Tasmanian Government’s the official response to the threat of DFTD to the survival of the Tasmanian devil. Threatened Species Protection The Program is a joint initiative of the Australian and Tasmanian Governments. Act 1995. 2 SAVE THE TASMANIAN DEVIL PROGRAM NEWSLETTER SEPTEMBER 2012 Freycinet to test the response by the testing the effectiveness of motion Designing a resident devils. activated sounds, lights and short bursts of compressed air or water jets “We’ve collected and viewed over 639 and misters. Devil Road Grid videos of devils interacting with the The landscape isolation strategies grid,” said Doozie. “Ultimately, the landscape isolation require physical barriers to keep barriers will include a range of healthy devils separated from diseased “Our observations show that these measures, such as fencing, road grids, devils. This can be achieved with animals are very determined, agile, behavioural deterrents, monitoring bio-secure fencing except when the strong and versatile when it comes to and trapping,” said Doozie. fence-line is intersected by a road. crossing the grid; they use their tails So finding ways to restrict devil and chins like a movements along roads is a priority 5th and 6th leg for the Program. which suggests that a road grid Meet Dr David (‘Doozie’) Pemberton alone is not who has been investigating various sufficient to configurations of road grids and stop a motivated looking at options for barriers devil!” he said. at Forestier and Freycinet. After receiving specialist engineering “We’re trialling advice, Doozie’s team constructed a modifications to prototype grid (designed to engineers’ the grid, which specifications for use on public roads) look promising in the Free Range Enclosure at and we’re also Devils are agile, strong, versatile and very determined to get across the grid Maria Island has a single land The Program has invested significant Why Maria tenure; being owned and managed effort to understand the potential by the Tasmanian Government as a impacts of the devil introduction on National Park. The Parks and Wildlife Maria Island, undertaking extensive Island? Service (PWS) is a close partner of monitoring and assessment over Several extensive surveys and the Program; providing additional an 18 month period.
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