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VOLUME 27, ISSUE 11 SEPTEMBER 2013



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TRUEXTTRUEXTRUEXTENTENTTTE TETECHTECH BRBRIBRIBRIEFEF BeX™ Be40166 in RaRadian 950PB Compression Driver d Electro-Acous tende Peter J. Andrews, Sr. Electro-Acoustics Engineer ectively, one product. Extended Range Berylliummers have b Dome Diaphragm: Let Y e Math! Recently, our customers have beent noticingTuning the high Forks: performance 2 Let of theYour Truextent Ears Be4008 Do and Th Be4016 in the Radian 950PB compres- uropeanDrivers dis AssemblyAssem sion for driver. Large One European Format distributor has even Compression2 decidedand Sam to Saye sell this combination as, eff ic ll compare2, Gordont Peter Simmons J. Andrews, Sr. Electro-Acousticstro-Acoust Engineer Th is Tech Brief1 will compare the performance of two diaphragms: the Truextent Be4016 and Radian’s 1245-16, both mounted in a , Peter compressionAndrews est metal for electro-acoustic transducers, it is MarshallRadian Buck 950PB-16 compression driver. All curves are taken esin andthe Truextentengin Acoustic Test Chamber with the compression driver red, ussion L 2386 horn. While many audiophiles and engineers are aware that is the lightest and stiff mounted on a JBL 2386 horn. Each diaphragm is driven withasp thea 1Vrms vast p sine chirp (log sweep), and e beryllium the microphone diaphragm is ~0.5mis shown from in the 1 Psychotechnology,er throat. Inc, SiLosm Angeles,perhaps CA 90034,not easy USA to grasp the vast performance advantages it has over other commonree tuning ey ‘lightweight’ show forks that to the metals exact same from dimensions; a theoretical one disc made of compression driver throat. Similar resultslike our would white be paper expected 1. For comparing an easileasily audible 8-ohm demonstration,versions. we machined th ’t . on ad a chance to ‘ping’ these at a recent trade show demonstration 2 Materion Electrofusion,-axis frequen Fremont,aluminum, CA 94538, one ) USA areof titanium,representative nium, and one of what of beryllium. one might We see hope in published you h datasheets. Th s First we show on-axis frequency responses, both smoothed (12th-octave) and unsmoothed. Th Metal Matrixix Titaniumitanium Aluminum n blue. Th ee smoothed sm curves (left   Genuine AlBeMet® the aluminum in  atter response in the critical 2-10kHz range (beryllium show Compositee s cover rough Properties Beryllium both diaphragms cover roughly the same frequency range at roughly the same level. A casual observer might even think there isn between the smoothing much diff erence betweenABSTRACT the two except for the higher output and fl Hz). Physical Properties 2.78 +3dB near 5kHz). 2.90 1.74 4.51 3 1.84 2.07 Frequency Re - @ 25°C, g/cm 23.2 Frequency Response; 1/12th-oct smoothed Frequency Response; no 26.1 8.60 11. 5 13.9 13.4 The development,de manufacture, and testing of a new large format compression  CTE @ 25°C, ppm/°C 159 16.4 193 driver diaphragm using a beryllium dome and new type of polymer surround is 216 210 130 ( Thermal Conductivity @ 25°C, W/m·K detailed that exhibits improved performance. This design promises to give long life 1.025 0.523 0.875 1.925 1.56 0.800 and goodgo reliability with little or no change in performance anticipated over the life Y    0  of the diaphragm. Design exercises include material properties comparisons, finite avier in erence in weight, with the titanium feeling much he elementelemen analysis, and modal simulations. A Thcomprehensive e first thing you set might ightof tests noticenoti ceof when wberyllium, picking up the three forks is the diff 3. Th e aluminum fork is defi nitely aluminum,alumin and titanium diaphragm compression drivers is describeder including your hands comparedd to the othother two. Titanium, of course, has a relatively high density,3. Th e actual at 4.50g/cm masses of our example tuning forks are: frequencyfreque response, distortion, wavelet time domain analysis 3on a 2 inch plane waveM echanical Properties 186 lighter, at 2.70g/cm , and the berylliumbery fork even lighter than that, only 1.85g/cm 570 196 344 tube and laser scans of modes. Substantial differences were measured in the MPa 370 435 UTS Ultimate Tensile Strength, 75.8 performanceperfo categories, particularly in the frequency range aboveuminum 4kHz. Fork 105 275 Aluminum Fork = 55.7 g (2.0 oz.) 240 321 480 tanium Fork = YS Yield Strength, MPa Titanium Fork = 93.7 g (3.3 oz.)  44.0 105 73.1 ryllium Fork = requency 140 Beryllium Fork = 38.5 g (1.4 oz.) a 303 193  Young’s Modulus, GP blue) n a 0.33 0.30 0.35 0.37 0.33 eforks aluminum ring at diaphragm nearly the (same pitch0.070 (roughly - 0.180 C5) 0.17 when struck o 1. INTRODUCTIONINTRO Th e next thing you mightmight notice notice is is that the aluminum* and Rtitaniumatio er than aluminum, it is Poisson’s 4,82555,15,128 curves ( hard surface, but thee berylliuberylliumm rinrings at a much redhigher) remains pitch (roughlysmooth to E6). over Even 20kHz, though with titanium dense modal is ~1.6x stiff 5,029 Th e unsmoothedoothed curves (right) are a bit harder to read because of what looks like noise, or sharp peaks1, which and dips, predicted in the high-f~2.4x higher 12,833 9,656 6,948 This paper presents a rationalerse, for this the is use of beryllium as the givingmaterial ess entialfor the diaphragmc Speed of a of Sound, m/sec region. Off course,cou this is not noise,also but~1.7x rather heavier, densely giving packed essentially break-up the modessame resonant of the diaphragm. frequency inTh both materials. high frequencyfrequ electroacousticows this transducer. behavio The material properties of beryllium are compared clearly shows this behavior above ~10kHz, is agrees whereas with the the beryllium theoretical diaphragm work done ( in our white paper ) with aluminumalumi and titaniumstarting and atare aroun found to be superior for this purpose. Other components of the assembly,asse break-up which is starting designed at aroundto retrofit 23kHz. many Th standard two inch exit compression drivers, break-up. are also addresseda onset for of break-up.improvements, such as the voice coil and the surround. Manufacturing TDS2011 06/2013 The above table contains typical typical values values processes are described, and reliability testing results are given. Comprehensive acoustic testing Truextent and AlBeMet are registered he frequency resp MATERION CORPORATION from www.matweb.com for Beryllium,Beryllium, While the frequency response can be (and usually is) smoothed to hide this ELECTROFUSIONbehavior, the time-domain response (impulse response trademarks of Materion Brush Inc. data on a terminated tube are presented comparing the three materials. Laser scans show modal www.materion.com/electrofusion AlBeMet® AM162 rolled sheet, a clearer view of 44036 South Grimmer Boulevard behavior of thegives three us diaphragms. a clearer view of what’s happening. Magnesium annealed sheet, Aluminum Fremont, CA 94538-6346 2024-O, and Titanium GraGradede 2. 2. +1 510.661.9755 [email protected] CORPORATION 2. HISTORYHIST OF BERYLLIUM AS A DIAPHRAGM MATERIALELECTROFUSION www.materion.com/truextent 44036 South Grimmer Boulevard Fremont, CA 94538-6346 Beryllium is a rare and unique metal which is used in a +1number 510.661.9755 of high technology industries including medical, aerospace, and high-energy physics. [email protected] for beryllium include x-ray componentscompon used in healthcare, scientific instruments used for advancing our understanding of MATERION CORPORATION ELECTROFUSION the deedeepest laws of nature, satellite structures and aircraft components. www.materion.com/truextent 44036 South Grimmer BoulevardBoul evard CopyrightCo © 2011 Materion Brush Inc. Fremont, CA 94538-6346 ® +1 510510.661.9755 661.9755 [email protected] pure power.

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) the rest of the home B&W Group, California Audio Technology, Cambridge • Create comprehensive documentation Audio, Carver Holdings Group, Control 4, Core Brands, Crestron Electronics, Current Audio, Definitive Home Theater Design All-Star Panel, Moderator not Technology, Earthquake Sound, Elan Home Systems, specified; Panelists: Sam Cavitt, Anthony Grimani, and Epson America, Focal JMLab, Genelec, GoldenEar Theo Kalomirakis—Join a panel of industry icons to learn Technology, GTL Sound Labs, Harman International, how they have overcome real-world challenges to success- Induction Dynamics, James Loudspeaker, JL Audio, JVC, fully complete high-profile projects. Discuss how to prevent KEF America, Leon Speakers, Linn, Listen Audio, Martin potential problems in the future. Logan, McIntosh Laboratory, M&K Sound, Monitor Audio, Audio Setup and Calibration, Instructor: Gary Lemay— Monster, Mordaunt-Short, NEAR, NHT Audio, Niles Audio, Explore the complex science of audio calibration within a NuVo Technologies, Onkyo, OSD Audio, Paradigm, home theater setting. Participants will receive the knowl- Parts Express, Phase Technology, Pioneer Electronics, edge required to effectively listen, properly utilize calibra- Polk Audio, Pro Audio Technology, Procella Audio, tion equipment, and efficiently perform an advanced home Proficient Audio, PSB Speakers, RBH Sound, Rockustics, theater audio calibration. At the conclusion of this course, Russound, Snap AV, Sonance, Sonos, SpeakerCraft, participants should be able to: Stealth Acoustics, Steinway Lyngdorf, Sunfire, Tannoy, Terra Speakers, Triad Speakers, TRUAudio, Waterfall • Explain how to create a well-designed audio system Audio, Wisdom Audio, Xantech, and Yamaha Electronics. • List sound practices for system connections For more information, visit http://expo.cedia.net. • Operate audio calibration equipment and interpret data Eminence Speaker’s New 1.4” • Calibrate a home theater audio system Compression Driver Eminence Speaker has added the PSD:3014, a new Learn to Listen v. 3.0, Instructors: Frederick J. Ampel 1.4” exit compression driver, to its popular line of high- and David J. Weinberg—Every time you hear an audio frequency products. With a 100-W continuous AES system (especially a multichannel one), you are receiv- power rating, the PSD:3014 features a 3” voice coil and ing a huge amount of information on that system’s a 800-Hz recommended minimum crossover frequency. specific attributes and capabilities. Unfortunately, most The PSD:3014’s specifications include: electronic systems contractors (ESCs) do not under- stand that they and their clients will actually use and • Throat size: 1.4”, 35.6 mm process only a small portion of what they hear, primarily • + because they have not been trained to decipher the rest • Power rating: 100 W (AES) of the information. • Free-air resonance: 419 Hz This class has been updated and redesigned to teach • Usable frequency range: 800 Hz to 20 kHz you how to use music, soundtracks, and tools to deter- • Recommended crossover: 12 dB/octave at 800 Hz mine any multichannel audio system’s performance • Sensitivity: 108.4 dB (1 W/1 m across 800 Hz to for calibration and tuning purposes, as well as how to 20 kHz on axis; H2EA horn with 1.4” to 2” exit use that same information as a sales tool to showcase adaptor) your ability to deliver a totally involving entertainment • Magnet weight: 80 oz experience. • Voice coil diameter: 3”, 76.2 mm The Changing Face of Distributed Audio, Facilitator: • “+ Dave Pedigo—With the prevalence of mobile devices, • + at 2.5 kHz streaming services, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi-enabled sys- tems, is it still possible to make money and ensure high For more information, visit www.eminence.com. quality with distributed audio systems? Several pio- neers of the distributed audio industry will debate this ® topic and others during the panel presentation. Beapartof The CEDIA Expo has become an important show ALMA the action – for home theater and distributed audio loudspeaker manufacturers. However, there is also no question that INTERNATIONAL Join today! the slump in the new housing market has taken its toll on CEDIA members. With some improvement in the overall CEDIA target market, this year’s show will offer Association of Loudspeaker more in terms of education and exhibitors. The list of Manufacturing & Acoustics International loudspeaker manufacturers and other loudspeaker- ALMA is the only international trade association dedicated related exhibitors at the CEDIA Expo 2013 includes: to improving the design and manufacture of loudspeakers. American Audio & Video, Artison, Atlantic Technology, www.ALMAInternational.org | 978.772.6977 AudioXperts, Bass Egg, BG Radia, Bose, Bryston,

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-* stored on a mobile device and any app’s audio to one speaker at a time. The Pure Connect app also enables users to direct PC-stored music to Jongo speakers. Only one song at a time can be streamed. The $199 Jongo S3 portable, rechargeable wireless speaker and the $129 A2 multi- room hi-fi adapter are available from several retailers, including Amazon, Target, OfficeMax, and Pure. The Pure Connect app for iOS devices is available with an Android version to be released later this year. The company also plans availability of the 100-W AC-only tabletop T6 speaker. The A2, J3, and T6 incor- porate built-in Wi-Fi 802.11b/g with WEP and WPA/ WPA2 support; Ethernet port; and decoding of WMA, AAC, MP3, MP2, and FLAC audio files. The AC/DC J3 features a 3.5” neodymium upward-firing mid/bass driver and four 0.75” high-frequency drivers in 360° with a total 10-W RMS output. Its rechargeable bat- tery pack delivers at least 10 h of listening per charge. The J3 and T6 come with color grille options. The A2 adapter incorporates 24-bit internal DAC and optical, coaxial, and dual (RCA) phono analog audio outputs.

Bowers & Wilkins Introduces the CM10 Bowers & Wilkins is replacing the flagship speaker in its CM series, bringing technologies used in its refer- ence 800 series to the CM series for the first time. The CM10 replaces the CM9 and became available in August Photo 4: The new CM10 is shown with a painted black- at a suggested price of $4,000 per pair. gloss finish. (Photo courtesy of Bowers & Wilkins)

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* D-fend™ can be incorporated into your OEM application in board-only configurations. To license this technology for Professional Audio and Musical Instrument applications worldwide, please contact Eminence at (502)845-5622 or [email protected]. © Eminence Speaker LLC. All rights reserved. D-FEND™ is a trademark of Intrinsic Audio Solutions, Inc., D.B.A SLS Audio.