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Tradisi Pemakaian Zouri Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat

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Tradisi Pemakaian Zouri Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat TRADISI PEMAKAIAN ZOURI DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT JEPANG NIHON SHAKAI NO SEIKATSU NI OKERU ZOURI NO HAKI KANSHUU SKRIPSI Skripsi ini diajukan kepada Panitia Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan untuk melengkapi salah satu syarat ujian sarjana dalam bidang ilmu Sastra Jepang Oleh : FRIDA DAMANIK 140708109 PROGRAM STUDI SASTRA JEPANG FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur saya persembahkan kehadirat Tuhan Yesus Kristus, karena berkat rahmat dan karunia-Nya semata hingga penulis mampu menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Tradisi Pemakaian Zouri Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Jepang”. Skripsi ini disusun sebagai salah satu syarat untuk mendapat gelar sarjana pada program Strata-1 di Jurusan Sastra Jepang, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Adapun skripsi yang saya buat berisikan tentang tradisi pemakaian zouri dalam kehidupan masyarakat Jepang dari masa lampau hingga pada masa kini. Skripsi ini penulis persembahkan kepada orang tua penulis, Bapak Timbul Johnson Damanik S,ME dan Yayuk Rahayu Br Sinaga, orang tua terbaik dan terhebat yang dengan tulus memberikan kasih sayang, doa, perhatian, nasihat, dukungan moral dan materil kepada penulis sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan studi di Sastra Jepang USU, khususnya menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya atas bimbingan, didikan, kesabaran, semangat, dan doa yang tiada hentinya Bapak dan Ibu panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus untuk kesehatan, perlindungan, dan kesuksesan penulis dalam menggapai cita-cita. Pada kesempatan ini penulis juga ingin menyampaikan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu penulisdalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Penulis yakin tanpa bantuan, doa, dorongan dan semangat dari berbagai pihak, skripsi ini tidak dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada : 1. Bapak Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. 2. Bapak Prof.Hamzon Situmorang, MS.,Ph.D selaku Ketua Departemen Sastra Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara sekaligus juga sebagai Dosen Pembimbing I yang dengan sabar dan tekunnya dalam membimbing saya selama proses penyusunan skripsi ini, tanpa adanya bimbingan berupa doa, dukungan dan saran yang membangun dari beliau, penulis tidak dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini dengan baik. i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 3. Ibu Dr. Diah Syafitri Handayani M,Litt, selaku dosen pembimbing II yang telah memberikan waktu dan pemikirannya dalam membimbing, mengarahkan, serta memberikan saran-saran kepada penulis dalam penyusunan skripsi ini hingga selesai. 4. Bapak dan ibu dosen, para staf pegawai di Departemen Sastra Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah mendidik dan memberikan ilmu yang bermanfaat bagi penulisselama duduk di bangku perkuliahan. 5. Dosen Penguji Ujian Seminar Proposal dan Penguji Ujian Skripsi yang telah menyediakan waktu untuk membaca dan menguji skripsi ini. 6. Keluarga besar penulis juga kepada adik kandung penulis Samuel Jaya Damanik, kepada abang dan kakak sepupu penulis, Ruth Sry Yuthika, Kevin Kriswinardi Wiharjo dan David Kurniawan yang selalu mendoakan dan memberikan semangat kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 7. Alm. Kakek dan nenek penulis, Alm. Edy Sakiman dan Hanifah, kepada almarhum kakek tercinta yang senantiasa memberikan doa, semangat dan dukungan penuh kepada penulis sebelum beliau harus berpulang kerumah Bapa di Sorga pada akhir bulan Mei lalu, begitu juga dengan nenek yang selalu sabar dan penuh kasih sayang dalam memberikan dukungan juga doa yang tidak hentinya untuk penulis. 8. Kakak Putri selaku administrasi Departemen Sastra Jepang yang selalu membantu mengurus keperluan akademik dan surat-surat penulis. 9. Sahabat-sahabat penulis, Binsar Grand Winner Sitanggang, Nia Kurnia Amd.RMIK, Indah Hari Soraya Amd.Keb, Mario Tyson Nadapdap S.E, Yessy Grasella S.T, Tantry Pratiwi, Febri Novita Hutauruk, Novelyn Caesarea Manalu, Achmad S Manurung, Teguh Setiawan, Cindy Aprilya Haloho dan Putri Dewi Septina Silitonga yang selalu jadi teman diskusi, penghibur dengan semua tingkah gilanya, penyemangat, pendengar yang selalu ada untuk semua keluh kesah penulis, dan yang selalu mendoakan yang terbaik untuk penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 10. Teman-teman seperjuangan stambuk 2014, Emma Ninta Ginting, Dina Tarigan, Risnawati, Mawarni Hutasoit, Yohana Sipahutar, Cindy Cicilia, Dhea Al Zihan dan teman-teman 2014 lainnya yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu yang senantiasa mendukung, membantu, dan memberi semangat kepada penulis. 11. Abang dan kakak alumni tercinta, Yosua Limbong S.S, Ruth Masita Ambarita S.S, Kevin Anugerah Panggabean S.S, Naomi Wokamauw S.S, Mayang Putri Syalika S.S, Shina Aisya S.S, Febrina Angelly S.S, dan Ayu Pranata Saragih S.S yang senantiasa menyemangati dan menasehati penulis, selama proses pendidikan sampai pada penyelesaian skripsi ini. 12. Para junior penulis di Sastra Jepang, Nur Hasrat Laia, Ervita Sari Nababan, Rahel Pasaribu dan semua adik-adik stambuk 2015-2017 yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu yang senantiasa memberikan dukungan dan semangat kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 13. Serta kepada semua pihak yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu-persatu yang telah membantu dan memberikan dukungan kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Semoga kalian selalu diberkati Tuhan dalam setiap langkah kalian. Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi masih sangat jauh sekali dari kesempurnaan, karna menyadari segala keterbatasan yang ada. Untuk itu demi sempurnanya skripsi ini, penulis sangat membutuhkan dukungan dan sumbangsih pikiran, berupa kritikan saran yang bersifat membangun. Akhir kata, semoga skripsi ini berguna dan bermanfaat bagi penulis juga para pembaca. Medan, Juli 2018 Penulis Frida Damanik iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................................... i DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................................... iv BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah .................................................................................... 1 1.2 Perumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 5 1.3 Ruang Lingkup Pembahasan ............................................................................. 6 1.4 Tinjauan Pustaka dan Kerangka Teori .............................................................. 7 1.5 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................... 10 1.6 Metode Penelitian.............................................................................................. 11 BAB II SEJARAH KEMUNCULAN ZOURI DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT JEPANG 2.1 Pengertian Zouri ................................................................................................ 12 2.2 Sejarah Kemunculan Zouri ............................................................................... 15 2.3 Bentuk Zouri ..................................................................................................... 21 2.4 Jenis-Jenis Zouri................................................................................................ 24 BAB III TRADISI PEMAKAIAN ZOURI DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT JEPANG 3.1 Fungsi dan Makna Zouri Terhadap Kesehatan dan Penampilan ................................... 29 3.1.1 Fungsi dan Makna Zouri Terhadap Kesehatan .............................................. 29 3.1.2 Fungsi dan Makna Zouri Terhadap Penampilan ............................................ 30 3.2 Waktu Pemakaian Zouri ................................................................................................ 32 3.3 Cara Memilih dan Memakai Zouri ................................................................................ 37 BAB IV KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 4.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................................... 38 4.2 Saran .............................................................................................................................. 39 DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN ABSTRAK iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah Jepang adalah sebuah negara di bagian Asia Timur yang memiliki keunikan tersendiri diantara negara-negara disekitarnya. Dalam perkembangan sejarahnya Jepang mendapat pengaruh kuat dari negara China baik dari segi pengetahuan, pemerintahan juga kebudayaan. Jepang merupakan negara yang dijuluki negara matahari dan negara bunga sakura. Dijuluki demikian karena di negara Jepang mayoritas beragama Shinto yang menyembah matahari sehingga disebut negara matahari, sedangkan julukan negara sakura diberikan karena banyak bunga sakura yang tumbuh di tanah Jepang, bahkan untuk menyambut musim semi sakura orang Jepang mempunyai suatu tradisi, yaitu perayaan hanami (perayaan melihat mekarnya bunga) sebagai simbol kebahagiaan karena datangnya musim semi, dimana di saat itu bunga sakura mekar dengan cantiknya dari zaman Jomon sampai zaman Heisei sekarang, orang Jepang mampu melestarikan kebudayaannya sendiri. Menurut Ki Hajar Dewantara dalam (https://abdulaziz96.wordpress.com/2015/03/22/pengertian-kebudayaan). Kebudayaan berarti buah budi manusia adalah hasil perjuangan manusia terhadap dua pengaruh
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