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Early Greek Poets' Lives : the Shaping of the Tradition / by Maarit Kivilo

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Early Greek Poets' Lives : the Shaping of the Tradition / by Maarit Kivilo Early Greek Poets’ Lives Mnemosyne Supplements Monographs on Greek and Roman Language and Literature Editorial Board G.J. Boter A. Chaniotis K.M. Coleman I.J.F. de Jong T. Reinhardt VOLUME 322 Early Greek Poets’ Lives The Shaping of the Tradition By Maarit Kivilo LEIDEN • BOSTON 2010 This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the prevailing CC-BY-NC License at the time of publication, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched (KU). KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality content Open Access for the public good. More information about the initiative and links to the Open Access version can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kivilo, Maarit. Early Greek poets' lives : the shaping of the tradition / by Maarit Kivilo. p. cm. – (Mnemosyne supplements : monographs on Greek and Roman language and literature ; 322) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-90-04-18615-6 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Poets, Greek–Biography–History and criticism. 2. Greek prose literature–History and criticism. 3. Greece–Biography–History and criticism. 4. Classical biography–History and criticism. 5. Hesiod. 6. Stesichorus. 7. Archilochus. 8. Hipponax, fl. 540-537 B.C. 9. Terpander. 10. Sappho. I. Title. II. Series. PA3043.K58 2010 881'.0109–dc22 [B] 2010017664 ISSN 0169-8958 ISBN 978 9004 18615 6 Copyright 2010 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Brill has made all reasonable efforts to trace all right holders to any copyrighted material used in this work. In cases where these efforts have not been successful the publisher welcomes communications from copyright holders, so that the appropriate acknowledgements can be made in future editions, and to settle other permission matters. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. CONTENTS Acknowledgements.................................................... ix Abbreviations.......................................................... xi ChapterOne.Introduction............................................ 1 ChapterTwo.Hesiod .................................................. 7 . Thetradition ................................................... 7 . OriginandfamilyofHesiod................................... 8 . GenealogiesofHesiod......................................... 12 . Hesiod’slife..................................................... 17 . ThestoryofHesiod’sdeath .................................... 25 . TheworksofHesiodandonHesiod........................... 37 . ThedateofHesiod ............................................. 45 . Formulaic themes and Orphic/Pythagorean influences in Hesiod’stradition .............................................. 52 . TwomodernviewsonthetraditionofHesiod................ 56 . Conclusion..................................................... 59 ChapterThree.Stesichorus............................................ 63 . Thetradition ................................................... 63 . Stesichorus’family ............................................. 65 . Stesichorus’homeandtravels ................................. 68 . Stesichorus’poetryandmusic................................. 69 . Blindness, Helen,andthePalinode ............................ 73 . Stesichorusandpolitics........................................ 75 . Stesichorus’nameandhisdeath............................... 77 . ThedateofStesichorus......................................... 79 . TheconnectionswiththePythagoreantradition ............. 82 . Formulaicelementsinthetradition........................... 84 . Conclusions.................................................... 85 ChapterFour.Archilochus ............................................ 87 . Thetradition ................................................... 87 . Archilochus’familyandhisfriends ........................... 92 . Archilochus’home,journeys,andcontests ................... 94 vi contents . Archilochus’encounterwiththeMuses....................... 95 . TheoraclesinthetraditionofArchilochus ................... 96 . Archilochusandthecultofgods.............................. 102 . Lycambesandhisdaughters................................... 104 . ThedeathofArchilochus...................................... 106 . ThecultofArchilochus........................................ 107 . AncientcriticismofArchilochus.............................. 109 . ThedateofArchilochus........................................ 111 . TraditionalelementsinArchilochus’biography.............. 116 . Conclusion..................................................... 117 ChapterFive.Hipponax............................................... 121 . Thetradition ................................................... 121 . Hipponax’origin,hometownandfamily..................... 122 . Hipponax’inventionsandthestoryofIambe................. 125 . ThequarrelwithBoupalus..................................... 127 . ThedeathofHipponax......................................... 129 . AncientcriticismandeditionsofHipponax.................. 130 . ThedateofHipponax.......................................... 131 . FormulaicthemesinHipponax’tradition..................... 133 . Conclusion..................................................... 133 ChapterSix.Terpander................................................ 135 . Thetradition ................................................... 135 . Terpander’shomeandorigin.................................. 136 . TerpanderinSparta............................................ 139 . ThecitharodesofLesbos....................................... 144 . ThedeathofTerpander........................................ 147 . Terpander’spoetryandmusic ................................. 148 . ThedateofTerpander.......................................... 158 . FormulaicthemesinTerpander’stradition ................... 163 . Conclusion..................................................... 165 ChapterSeven.Sappho................................................ 167 . Thetradition ................................................... 167 . AncientportraitsandappearanceofSappho.................. 172 . Sappho’shomeandfamily ..................................... 173 . SapphoandPhaon,herexileanddeath....................... 179 . Sappho’sreputation,circle,andrivals ......................... 183 . Sappho’sinventionsandmusic ................................ 193 contents vii . The ancient editions of Sappho’s poetry, and the treatises on herlife.......................................................... 194 . ThedateofSappho............................................. 195 . Conclusions.................................................... 198 ChapterEight.Theformationofbiographicaltraditions............. 201 . Sources ......................................................... 201 . Time............................................................ 203 . Formulaicthemes.............................................. 208 ChapterNine.Conclusion............................................. 225 Appendix............................................................... 227 Bibliography ........................................................... 243 Index................................................................... 255 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This book is a slightly revised version of a doctoral thesis submitted to Oxford University in the Summer of . The manuscript was closed in substance in March ; since then I have not attempted any sys- tematic revision. I am endlessly grateful to my supervisor Dr. Nicholas Richardson for all his help, and his continued support of my work well beyond my D.Phil. supervisions. I should mention that he read and com- mented on more versions of this text than either of us would like to remember. I am also grateful for advice, criticism and encouragement from Prof. Oliver Taplin and Dr. Mait Kõiv, and for help in various mat- tersfromDr.IvoVolt.IwouldalsoliketothankBrillAcademicPub- lishers, in particular Caroline van Erp for her patience and help in the preparation of this book. I am also grateful to the anonymous reviewer for helpful criticism and detailed suggestions. I would like to acknowl- edge the substantial financial support during my doctoral studies from Oxford University Press (Clarendon Scholarship) and Magdalen College (Jan Hruska Scholarship); also the Cultural Endowment of Estonia, the Estonian World Council, and the Estonian Students Fund in the U.S.A. And finally, thanks to my friends and family for their loving support throughout this project. ABBREVIATIONS BMCR Bryn Mawr Classical Review: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/. CAH1 The Cambridge Ancient History (First edition). Ed. by J.B. Bury, S.A. Cook, et al. Cambridge, –
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