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Styrene Oxide Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet Common Name: STYRENE OXIDE Synonyms: (Epoxyethyl)Benzene; Epoxy Styrene CAS Number: 96-09-3 Chemical Name: Oxirane, Phenyl- RTK Substance Number: 1749 Date: December 1999 Revision: June 2008 DOT Number: UN 3082 Description and Use EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE BACK PAGE Styrene Oxide is a colorless to pale, straw-colored liquid with Hazard Summary a pleasant, sweet odor. It is used as a diluent or reactive Hazard Rating NJDOH NFPA plasticizer for epoxy resins and as a chemical intermediate in Styrene Glycol production, as surface coatings, and in fiber HEALTH 3 1 and textile treatment. FLAMMABILITY - 2 REACTIVITY - 0 f ODOR THRESHOLD = 0.06 to 0.4 ppm CARCINOGEN f Odor thresholds vary greatly. Do not rely on odor alone to COMBUSTIBLE determine potentially hazardous exposures. POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; Reasons for Citation 4=severe f Styrene Oxide is on the Right to Know Hazardous Substance List because it is cited by DOT, NTP, DEP, IARC, f Styrene Oxide can affect you when inhaled and may pass NFPA and EPA. through the skin. f This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance f Styrene Oxide should be handled as a CARCINOGEN and List. MUTAGEN--WITH EXTREME CAUTION. f Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. f Inhaling Styrene Oxide can irritate the nose, throat and lungs. f Exposure can cause headache, dizziness, lightheadedness, SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. and passing out. f Styrene Oxide may cause a skin allergy. f Styrene Oxide may affect the liver. FIRST AID Eye Contact f Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact Workplace Exposure Limits lenses, if worn, while rinsing. The following exposure limits are for Styrene: Skin Contact OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is f Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash 100 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift; 200 contaminated skin with large amounts of soap and water. ppm not to be exceeded at any time; and 600 ppm as the 5-minute maximum peak which should never be Inhalation exceeded in any 3-hour work period. f Remove the person from exposure. f Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit (REL) is breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. 50 ppm averaged over a 10-hour workshift and f Transfer promptly to a medical facility. 100 ppm, not to be exceeded during any 15-minute work period. EMERGENCY NUMBERS ACGIH: The threshold limit value (TLV) is 20 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift and 40 ppm as a STEL Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222 (short-term exposure limit). CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 f Styrene Oxide is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans. NJDEP Hotline: 1-877-927-6337 There may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802 all contact should be reduced to the lowest possible level. f The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When skin contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even though air levels are less than the limits listed above. STYRENE OXIDE Page 2 of 6 Determining Your Exposure Reproductive Hazard f Styrene Oxide may damage the developing fetus. f Read the product manufacturer’s Material Safety Data f There is limited evidence that Styrene Oxide may affect Sheet (MSDS) and the label to determine product female fertility in animals. ingredients and important safety and health information about the product mixture. Other Effects f Styrene Oxide may cause a skin allergy. If allergy f For each individual hazardous ingredient, read the New develops, very low future exposure can cause itching and a Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance Fact skin rash. Sheet, available on the RTK website f Styrene Oxide may affect the liver. (www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb) or in your facility’s RTK Central File or Hazard Communication Standard file. f You have a right to this information under the New Jersey Medical Worker and Community Right to Know Act, the Public Medical Testing Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Act For frequent or potentially high exposure (half the TLV or if you are a public worker in New Jersey, and under the greater), the following are recommended before beginning federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) if you work and at regular times after that: are a private worker. f Liver function tests f The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers to label chemicals in the workplace and If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the requires public employers to provide their employees with following is recommended: information concerning chemical hazards and controls. The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 f Evaluation by a qualified allergist can help diagnose skin CFR 1910.1200) and the PEOSH Hazard Communication allergy. Standard (N.J.A.C. 12:100-7) require employers to provide Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and similar information and training to their employees. present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already done are not a substitute for controlling This Fact Sheet is a summary of available information exposure. regarding the health hazards that may result from exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee effects described below. Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). Mixed Exposures Health Hazard Information f More than light alcohol consumption can cause liver Acute Health Effects damage, drinking alcohol may increase the liver damage The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur caused by Styrene Oxide. immediately or shortly after exposure to Styrene Oxide: f Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. f Inhaling Styrene Oxide can irritate the nose, throat and lungs causing coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. f Exposure can cause headache, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, lightheadedness, and passing out. Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Styrene Oxide and can last for months or years: Cancer Hazard f Styrene Oxide is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans since it has been shown to cause liver cancer in animals. f Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen. STYRENE OXIDE Page 3 of 6 Workplace Controls and Practices Eye Protection f Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles Very toxic chemicals, or those that are reproductive hazards or when working with liquids. sensitizers, require expert advice on control measures if a less f Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with toxic chemical cannot be substituted. Control measures corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. include: (1) enclosing chemical processes for severely f Do not wear contact lenses when working with this irritating and corrosive chemicals, (2) using local exhaust substance. ventilation for chemicals that may be harmful with a single exposure, and (3) using general ventilation to control exposures to skin and eye irritants. For further information on Respiratory Protection workplace controls, consult the NIOSH document on Control Improper use of respirators is dangerous. Respirators Banding at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ctrlbanding/. should only be used if the employer has implemented a written program that takes into account workplace conditions, The following work practices are also recommended: requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory f Label process containers. Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134). f Provide employees with hazard information and training. f Monitor airborne chemical concentrations. f Use engineering controls if concentrations exceed f Where the potential exists for exposure over 20 ppm (as recommended exposure levels. Styrene), use a NIOSH approved respirator with an organic f Provide eye wash fountains and emergency showers. vapor cartridge. More protection is provided by a full f Wash or shower if skin comes in contact with a hazardous facepiece respirator than by a half-mask respirator, and even material. greater protection is provided by a powered-air purifying f Always wash at the end of the workshift. respirator. f Change into clean clothing if clothing becomes f Leave the area immediately if (1) while wearing a filter or contaminated. cartridge respirator you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect f Do not take contaminated clothing home. Styrene Oxide, (2) while wearing particulate filters abnormal f Get special training to wash contaminated clothing. resistance to breathing is experienced, or (3) eye irritation f Do not eat, smoke, or drink in areas where chemicals are occurs while wearing a full facepiece respirator. Check to being handled, processed or stored. make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it is, f Wash hands carefully before eating, smoking, drinking, replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer good, applying cosmetics or using the toilet. you may need a new respirator. f Consider all potential sources of exposure in your workplace. You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges to protect against different forms of a chemical (such as Personal Protective Equipment vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals. f Where the potential exists for exposure over 200 ppm (as The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR Styrene), use a NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate a full facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train positive-pressure mode.
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