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Sitting Bull and Other Lakota Leaders Took Their Followers North to Canada Iii
Living With Strangers The Nineteenth-Century Sioux and the Canadian-American Borderlands David G. McCrady B.A., University of Victoria, 1990 M.A., University of Victoria, 1992 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History - - BDavid Grant McCrady, 1998 University of Manitoba Al1 rights reserved. Thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services seMces bibliographiques 395 WeüiiStreet 395. nie Wellington OtoiwaON K1AW O~~W~ONKIAW canada canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Libraty of Canada to BMiothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distri%ute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de rnicrofïche/6lm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. FACULT'Y OF GWUAïESTtDIES *+++* COP'LRIGHT PERMISSION PAGE A Thesis/Prncticum sabmlmd to the Facuiw of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in pareid fulfillment of the requirements of the degee of DOCTOB OF PHILOSOPBP David G. -
50 FACES of WAR Left: an Artist’S Depiction of the First Meeting Between Brock and Tecumseh
50 KEY INDIVIDUALS WHO HAD A PART IN DEFENDING CANADA AGAINST AMERICAN INVASION LEGIONMAGAZINE.COM 8riliicl1 Pu(Jl.r(!iinu .,_,.,,••ut t".>M~,1twhi'I"J\'f'ul'1fl. ·w ,m"''!IIN J./,v.1 .lt:ui,, n/1.;;, ,J J"n,o./T.llHJtt/; inJ .,,,. w.,, f'inru,m H] . llt,,,i _,1;.,.,.) i,,.J; P.~•·"*' J',w11.'!,1,.,,.,.;i, .1Ni..ow (JJ,,._ ~frf!I ,1/kW:f«,.7;.,.,.;,.~ _n,,..,,,-..,,,,'p ~ / (J, 111~(' .\',,....lrw,.ni'hW "' l ,ltlUf,1 .L.,uw, l ~•Uld ,I.,.. f)p, 1,•ti11wil11 r1,o, I/,t/tiit .r ~,,,A,,, :v--,,,{ :r"',...'""' (tmtt¥1.fl'.mt •# JftJ/,/M .11 ,T Special Collector’s Issue www.legionmagazine.com Legion Magazine is published by Canvet Publications Ltd., ISSN 1209-4331. Member of CCAB, a division of BPA International. Printed in Canada. PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40063864 RETURN UNDELIVERABLE CANADIAN ADDRESSES TO LEGION MAGAZINE SUBSCRIPTION DEPARTMENT 86 AIRD PLACE, KANATA, ON K2L 0A1 email: [email protected] Published six times per year, January/February, March/April, May/June, July/August, September/October and November/December. Copyright Canvet Publications Ltd. 2013. Reproduction or recreation, in whole or in part, in any form or media, is strictly forbidden and is a violation of copyright. Reprint only with written permission. Recommended by The Royal Canadian Legion. Editorial & Advertising Policy Opinions expressed are those of the writers. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, articles do not imply endorsement of any product or service. The advertisement of any product or service does not indicate approval by the publisher unless so stated. -
Land Use and Settlement Patterns in Michigan, 1763-1837
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 8-2007 Land Use and Settlement Patterns in Michigan, 1763-1837 Ray De Bruler Jr. Western Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Bruler, Ray De Jr., "Land Use and Settlement Patterns in Michigan, 1763-1837" (2007). Dissertations. 838. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/838 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LAND USE AND SETTLEMENT PATTERNS IN MICHIGAN, 1763-1837 by Ray De Bruler, Jr. A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History Dr. Jose A. Brandao, Advisor Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan August 2007 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LAND USE AND SETTLEMENT PATTERNS IN MICHIGAN, 1763-1837 Ray De Bruler, Jr., Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2007 This dissertation examines various types of land use practices and settlement patterns from the end of the French era through statehood at Detroit, the Straits of Mackinac and the St. Joseph River Valley. In addition, this work describes a series of land ordinances, treaties, land office practices and acts and demonstrates how they shaped, or tried to shape, the ways people viewed the land and what they did with it. -
The Upper Country in the War of 1812: a Chronology
Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region Volume 1 Article 6 2013 The ppU er Country in the War of 1812: A Chronology Russell Magnaghi Northern Michigan University, [email protected] Ted Bays Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.nmu.edu/upper_country Recommended Citation Magnaghi, Russell and Bays, Ted (2013) "The ppeU r Country in the War of 1812: A Chronology," Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region: Vol. 1 , Article 6. Available at: http://commons.nmu.edu/upper_country/vol1/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by NMU Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region by an authorized editor of NMU Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. Magnaghi and Bays: The Upper Country in the War of 1812: A Chronology The Upper Country in the War of 1812: A Chronology compiled by Russell Magnaghi and Ted Bays Background: Casus Belli 1803-1812: British warships detain U. S. merchant vessels and impress American men for service on British ships; the British commit other acts—trade embargoes, firing on the U. S. ship Chesapeake—that insult the U. S. Great Britain is heavily involved in the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. Some U. S. elements harbor vague notions of annexing Canada amid more widespread and explicit visions of unfettered Expansion. Republican “War Hawks” elected to Congress in 1810 press for war. British fur traders continue to foment disaffection for the U. S. among the Natives. -
The Upper Country in the War of 1812: a Chronology
The Upper Country in the War of 1812: A Chronology compiled by Russell Magnaghi and Ted Bays Background: Casus Belli 1803-1812: British warships detain U. S. merchant vessels and impress American men for service on British ships; the British commit other acts—trade embargoes, firing on the U. S. ship Chesapeake—that insult the U. S. Great Britain is heavily involved in the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. Some U. S. elements harbor vague notions of annexing Canada amid more widespread and explicit visions of unfettered Expansion. Republican “War Hawks” elected to Congress in 1810 press for war. British fur traders continue to foment disaffection for the U. S. among the Natives. 1807-1812: The British encourage the Native nationalist Tecumseh and his brother the Shawnee Prophet, or Tenskwatawa, to form a confederation to oppose U. S. expansion. 51 June 1812: President Madison sends a message to Congress detailing British offenses and the U. S. House and Senate send a declaration of war back to Madison, who signs it on June 18. Because none of the Federalist opposition party vote for the war declaration, some contemporaries call the war “Mr. Madison's War.” It has also been called the Second War of Independence, after Benjamin Franklin's observation that “The War of Revolution is won, but the War of Independence is yet to be fought.” The War in Michigan Territory & Upper Canada (Upper Canada (present-day Ontario) was upstream—i.e. southwest—of Lower Canada (present-day Quebec), on the St. Lawrence River.) pre-1812: Joseph Varnum, the Factor (government trading agent) at Mackinac Island since Nov. -
A Journal of the Lake Superior Region
Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region Vol. 1 2013 Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region Vol. 1 2013 Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region EDITOR: Ted Bays ARTICLE REVIEW BOARD: Michael Marsden, St. Norbert College, DePere, WI; Robert Archibald, Director, Missouri History Museum, St. Louis (retired); Russell Magnaghi, Director, Center for Upper Peninsula Studies, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI ILLUSTRATIONS --p. 16 : Fig. 1, The Weekendica (Hoefferle) --p. 16 : Fig. 2, Norwich Knobs (Hoefferle) --p. 17 : Fig. 4, The Dam Shack (Hoefferle) --p. 17 : Fig. 5, Back Shack (Hoefferle) --p. 37-38 : Big Finn Hall (Lakehead University, Parks Canada) --p. 39-40 : LS&I Ore Dock and Niagara (J. Deo, T. Buchkoe) Front cover photograph by NASA Landsat (public domain) AVAILABILITY Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region, can be viewed on Northern Michigan University's Center for Upper Peninsula Studies web site: www.nmu.edu/upstudies. Send comments to [email protected] for screening and posting; or mail written comments and submit manuscripts to Upper Country, c/o The Center for Upper Peninsula Studies, 1401 Presque Isle Avenue, Room 208, Marquette, MI 49855. COPYRIGHT Copyright © Northern Michigan University. All rights reserved. Photocopying of excerpts for review purposes granted by the copyright holder. Responsibility for the contents herein is that of the authors. AUTHOR GUIDELINES Please address submissions in print form to Upper Country, c/o The Center for Upper Peninsula Studies, Northern Michigan University, 1401 Presque Isle Avenue, Marquette, MI, USA 49855. Original papers welcomed. Short photo-essays considered; image format information available upon request. -
The Naval War of 1812: a Documentary History
The Naval War of 1812: A Documentary History Volume III 1814–1815 Chesapeake Bay, Northern Lakes, and Pacific Ocean Part 1 of 7 Naval Historical Center Department of the Navy Washington, 2002 Electronically published by American Naval Records Society Bolton Landing, New York 2011 AS A WORK OF THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT THIS PUBLICATION IS IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN. .Mi~·/I'-~. A Documentary History ~ THE NAVAL WAR OF 1812 sxtq)~~ THE NAVAL WAR OF 1812 dq)~~ Volume III 1814-1815 Chesapeake Bay, Northern Lakes, and Pacific Ocean MICHAEL J. CRAWFORD Editor CHRISTINE F. HUGHES Associate Editor CHARLES E. BRODINE,jR. CAROLYN M. STALLINGS Assistant Editors With a Foreword by WILLIAM S. DUDLEY Director of Naval History and Series Editor NAVAL HISTORICAL CENTER DEPARTMENT OF THE NAW WASHINGTON, D.C. 2002 SECRETARY OF THE NAWS ADVISORY Foreword SUBCOMMITTEE ON NAVAL HISTORY The history of the United States Navy during the years 1814 and 1815 illus Dr. David Alan Rosenberg (Chair) trates many of the principles-tactical, strategic, and logistical-of naval war Commander Wesley A. Brown, CEC, USN (Ret.) fare. Perhaps the most valuable principle that the naval history of those years underscores, however, is moral: the value of perseverance. Dr. Frank G. Burke During the final year and some months of the war, the nation reached the limits of its naval resources. The treasury was empty and the nation's credit Vice Admiral Robert F. Dunn, USN (Ret.) strained to the breaking point. Ships of the line of the largest class were rising Vice Admiral George W. Emery, USN (Ret.) on shipways on the shores of Lake Ontario, even though the shipwrights went unpaid, and even though there was serious doubt that they could be manned. -
Fur-Trade on the Upper Lakes, 1778-1815
Library of Congress Fur-trade on the upper lakes, 1778-1815. 234 Fur-Trade on the Upper Lakes 1778–1815 John Askin 1778: SUPPLIES RECEIVED AND FORWARDED [Letters of John Askin to fur-traders at Montreal and Detroit, and on Lake Superior.41 Original MS. letter-book in library of Clarence M. Burton, Detroit.] 41 The business of forwarding supplies of provisions and liquors to the traders in the Northwest had its headquarters at Michilimackinac, and at this time (1778) was largely in the hands of John Askin. Provisions in Indian corn, bears' tallow, etc., were picked up around the lakes, while the liquors came up from Montreal by two routes: that of the Ottawa (Grand River), and that of Niagara and Detroit. The former was more expensive, because light boats had to be used, on account of the many portages; the latter more uncertain, especially in times of war. The following letters from John Askin's letter-book, which now rests in the Burton Library, Detroit, reveal the names of traders engaged in the traffic, the predominance of the North West Company, and the difficulties of the business; they also incidently throw much light on conditions along the upper lakes during the Revolution, the state of shipping, and the interference with trade due to the progress of the war. For a brief sketch of John Askin see Wis. Hist. Colls., xviii, p. 309, note 29. To that should be added the information that he came West soon after the treaty of Paris (1763); that his wife was Archange Barthe of Detroit; and that after the transfer of the posts to the United States in 1796, he elected to remain a British subject, and removed to the Canadian side Fur-trade on the upper lakes, 1778-1815. -
The War of 1812: the End of an Uncommon Alliance
State University of New York College at Buffalo - Buffalo State College Digital Commons at Buffalo State History Theses History and Social Studies Education 8-2013 The aW r of 1812: The ndE of an Uncommon Alliance Ryan Barrett Buffalo State College, [email protected] Advisor Andrew D. Nicholls, Ph.D., Professor of History First Reader Andrew D. Nicholls, Ph.D., Professor of History Second Reader Misty D. Rodeheaver, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of History Third Reader York A. Norman, Associate Professor of History Department Chair Andrew D. Nicholls, Ph.D., Professor of History To learn more about the History and Social Studies Education Department and its educational programs, research, and resources, go to http://history.buffalostate.edu/. Recommended Citation Barrett, Ryan, "The aW r of 1812: The ndE of an Uncommon Alliance" (2013). History Theses. Paper 21. Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/history_theses Part of the Military History Commons State University of New York College at Buffalo Department of History The War of 1812: The End of an Uncommon Alliance A Thesis in History By Ryan Barrett Submitted in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts August 2013 Approved by: Andrew D. Nicholls, Ph.D. Chair and Professor of History and Social Studies Thesis Adviser Kevin Railey, Ph.D. Associate Provost and Dean of the Graduate School 1 Table of Contents Abstract ………………………………………………………………..1 Introduction………………………………………………………........3 Chapter 1: Origins of Cooperation………………………………..…7 Chapter 2: Necessary Partners…………………………………….31 Chapter 3: Peace………………………………………………........64 Conclusion……………………………………………………………96 Bibliography…………………………………………………………101 2 Abstract The War of 1812: The End of an Uncommon Alliance The War of 1812 was a struggle between three groups: Americans, British, and Native Americans. -
Historical Collections. Collections and Researches Made by the Michigan Pioneer and Historical Society
Library of Congress Historical collections. Collections and researches made by the Michigan pioneer and historical society ... Reprinted by authority of the Board of state auditors. Volume 15 HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS COLLECTIONS AND RESEARCHES MADE BY THE Michigan Pioneer and Historical Society VOL. XV REPRINTED WITH NOTES BY JOSEPH GREUSEL AND A SKETCH OF GENERAL HENRY PROCTOR BY CLARENCE M. BURTON LC LANSING, MICHIGAN WYNKOOP HALLENBECK CRAWFORD CO., STATE PRINTERS 1909 F561 M775 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1890, by the MICHIGAN PIONEER AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY; In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D. C. D. of D. FEB 2 1915 LC PREFACE Historical collections. Collections and researches made by the Michigan pioneer and historical society ... Reprinted by authority of the Board of state auditors. Volume 15 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.5298f Library of Congress F. B. M. 1915 3 8 The collection of original documents as an aid to historical research, in which the Michigan Pioneer and Historical Society is at present engaged, has in the present volume its ample justification. The war of 1812 formed an interesting epoch in the history of the American continent; and while in a general sense the facts relative thereto are familiar to the general reader, now for the first time are brought together in print the official reports and correspondence of the British officers in command on the Canadian frontier and in Michigan; and in this volume can be found that portion of the British official story of the first two years of that war which forms a page in the annals of Michigan, together with such parts thereof relating to Upper Canada as was found inseparable therefrom. -
Title: General Order from Edward Baynes, 1814 Creator: Baynes
Title: General Order from Edward Baynes, 1814 Creator: Baynes, Edward Dates of October 7, 1814 Reference RG 690 Material: Number: Scope and One printed broadside from Head Quarters, Cornwall. This contains a General Content: Order which states that the Commander of the Forces has received a report from Lieutenant-Colonel McDouall of the Glengarry Light Infantry which was dated September the 9th. This conveys the message that two armed schooners, the Tigress and the Scorpion have been captured. This was planned and executed by Lieutenant Worsley of the Royal Navy and a detachment of 50 rank and file of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment. Other officers were commended for their role in the capture, they included: Lieutenants Bulger, Armstrong and Radenurst of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment and Mr. Dickson and Livingston of the Indian Department who volunteered their services. The name at the bottom of the document is Edward Baynes, Adjt.- Gen. N.A. There is no signature. An address on the back indicates that this document was sent to a schooner in Lake Huron. Physical This document is 32 cm. x 20 cm. The royal coat of arms is at the top. This Description / item has been repaired and reinforced with Japanese tissue on the back folds. Condition: Biographical / Edward Baynes (1768-1829) was primarily a member of staff during the Administrative French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars. He was appointed Notes: Commander of the Glengarry Light Infantry during the War of 1812. Previous to, and during the War of 1812 he was responsible for communicating strategies and orders to commanders in the field. -
Women, Gender, and War During the War of 1812 in the Great Lakes Region
RHETORIC AND REALITIES: WOMEN, GENDER, AND WAR DURING THE WAR OF 1812 IN THE GREAT LAKES REGION Sherri Quirke Bolcevic A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2015 Committee: Rebecca Mancuso, Advisor Michael Brooks © 2015 Sherri Quirke Bolcevic All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Rebecca Mancuso, Advisor The bicentennial of the War of 1812 has reinvigorated interest in the conflict, but there are still elements of this war which remain unplumbed. Within the locality of the Great Lakes region, using diaries, journals, and letters as my main primary sources, I explore how gender dynamics established by whites prior to the War of 1812 influenced a mindset that said women were incapable of fruitful participation in warfare. In contrast to those who argue that women’s participation in the War of 1812 was extraordinary, I argue that women participated by any means that they were permitted. Although this participation occasionally flew in the face of traditional gender boundaries, many women aided in war efforts through everyday means, though they ultimately received little acknowledgment because their actions were reinterpreted through a lens of domesticity. My research shows that women were a significant part of the War of 1812, despite gendered thinking which regulated them to the role of the victim. iv This is for my grandmother, Blennie Quirke. I love you, Grandma. Thank you for giving me this chance. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My deepest gratitude goes to Dr. Rebecca Mancuso, who inspired me to pursue this project and then supported and guided me through its completion.