Syracuse University SURFACE Physics - Dissertations College of Arts and Sciences 2013 Light Trapping for Silicon Solar Cells: Theory and Experiment Hui Zhao Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/phy_etd Part of the Physics Commons Recommended Citation Zhao, Hui, "Light Trapping for Silicon Solar Cells: Theory and Experiment" (2013). Physics - Dissertations. 135. https://surface.syr.edu/phy_etd/135 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts and Sciences at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Physics - Dissertations by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. Abstract Crystalline silicon solar cells have been the mainstream technology for photovoltaic energy conversion since their invention in 1954. Since silicon is an indirect band gap material, its absorption coefficient is low for much of the solar spectrum, and the highest conversion efficiencies are achieved only in cells that are thicker than about 0.1 mm. Light trapping by total internal reflection is important to increase the optical absorption in silicon layers, and becomes increasingly important as the layers are thinned. Light trapping is typically characterized by the enhancement of the absorptance of a solar cell beyond the value for a single pass of the incident beam through an absorbing semiconductor layer. Using an equipartition argument, in 1982 Yablonovitch calculated an enhancement of , where is the refractive index. We have ͦ 4͢ ͢ extracted effective light-trapping enhancements from published external quantum efficiency spectra in several dozen silicon solar cells. These results show that this “thermodynamic” enhancement has never been achieved experimentally.