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IFPS) Zwischen 1960 Und 1980 Im Kontext Der Internationalen, Insbesondere Der Deutschen Psychoanalyse

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IFPS) Zwischen 1960 Und 1980 Im Kontext Der Internationalen, Insbesondere Der Deutschen Psychoanalyse Entstehungs- und Entwicklungsgeschichte der International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) zwischen 1960 und 1980 im Kontext der internationalen, insbesondere der deutschen Psychoanalyse Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer.nat.) vorgelegt von Huppke, Andrea an der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Sektion Fachbereich Psychologie Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 15.06.2018 1. Referent: Prof. Dr. Klaus Hoffmann 2. Referent: Prof. Dr. Thomas Müller 1 Konstanzer Online-Publikations-System (KOPS) URL: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-1tqgw7jjlfzpv9 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................................... 6 Danksagung ............................................................................................................................. 7 Einleitung .................................................................................................................................. 8 I. Teil 1. Kapitel 1.1. Vorgeschichte der International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) .................. 23 1.2. Internationaler Kongress in Amsterdam 1960 ...................................................................... 26 1.3. Der „Pre-Congress“ 1961 in Düsseldorf (6. – 11. September) ............................................. 28 1.4. Das I. Forum 1962 in Amsterdam (27.- 31. Juli 1962): Konflikt mit der American Academy of Psychoanalysis und Gründung der IFPS ................. 32 2. Kapitel 2.1. Die drei Gründungsgruppen ............................................................................................ 42 2.1.1. Die Deutsche Psychoanalytische Gesellschaft (DPG) ..................................................... 42 2.1.2. Igor Caruso und die Arbeitskreise für Tiefenpsychologie ................................................. 46 2.1.3. Erich Fromm und die Mexikanische Psychoanalytische Gesellschaft .............................. 50 2.2. Erweiterung durch das William Alanson White Institute und Gerard Chrzanowski ............ 54 2.3. Die Konflikte der vier ersten Gruppen untereinander ........................................................ 59 2.4. Beginn der Zusammenarbeit und Ausbau der Beziehungen bis 1965 .............................. 64 3. Kapitel 3.1. Das II. Forum in Zürich 11.–15. Juli 1965 .......................................................................... 72 3.2. Vorbereitungen für das III. Forum bis zum Zwischentreffen in Göttingen 1968 .................. 75 3.3. Internationale Arbeitstagung (Workshop) 1968 in Göttingen (29. August.–1. September 1968) ..................................................................................... 80 3 3.4. Planungen bis zum Forum in Mexiko ................................................................................ 83 3.5. Das III. Forum 1969 in Mexico .......................................................................................... 85 3.6. Folge des III. Forums: Recherche von Gerard Chrzanowski, Rose Spiegel und Arthur Feiner zur Psychoanalyse im Nationalsozialismus .................................................. 88 3.7. Die 2. Internationale Arbeitstagung 1.– 4. September 1970 in Madrid ............................... 91 3.8. Bis zum IV. Forum in New York 1972 ................................................................................ 94 3.9. Exkurs: Der Schwidder-Award .......................................................................................... 98 3.10. Das IV. Forum 28. September – 2. Oktober 1972 in New York ........................................ 101 4. Kapitel 4.1. Wege zur Institutionalisierung der IFPS nach dem New Yorker Forum ............................. 106 4.2. Vorgänge bis zum Forum 1974 ......................................................................................... 108 4.3. Das V. Forum 1974 in Zürich ............................................................................................ 111 4.4. Die Zeit bis zum VI. Forum in Berlin .................................................................................. 114 4.5. Das VI. Forum in Berlin (17.-21.August 1977) ................................................................... 120 4.6. Kritik am Berliner Forum ................................................................................................... 122 4.7. Die III. Conference in Helsinki (Veranstaltungsort: Haikko) ............................................... 126 4.8. Die zweite Formulierung der IFPS-Satzung ...................................................................... 128 4.9. Die Krise der IFPS in den 1980er-Jahren .......................................................................... 131 4.10. Ausblick auf die weitere Entwicklung der IFPS nach 1980 ............................................... 133 II. Teil 1. Kapitel 1.1. Die „liberale“ und die „orthodoxe“ Psychoanalyse .............................................................. 136 1.2. Die „Dissidenten“ Karen Horney, Franz Alexander und Harald Schultz-Hencke ................. 141 1.3. Gemeinsames in den Positionen der „Dissidenten“ ............................................................ 146 4 1.4. Die „orthodoxe“ Psychoanalyse am Beispiel von Kurt R. Eissler, Merton Gill, Edward Bibring und Leo Stone .......................................................................................... 147 1.5. Die Menninger-Studie 1952 bis 1982 ................................................................................. 155 2. Kapitel 2.1. Das Selbstverständnis der IFPS ..................................................................................... 159 2.1.1. „Fortschritte der Psychoanalyse“, Band I (1964) ............................................................. 161 2.1.2. „Fortschritte der Psychoanalyse“, Band II (1966) ............................................................ 163 2.1.3. „Fortschritte der Psychoanalyse“, Band III (1968) ........................................................... 165 2.1.4. „Fortschritte der Psychoanalyse“, Band IV (1970) ........................................................... 166 2.1.5. „Weiterentwicklung der Psychoanalyse und ihrer Anwendungen“, Band V (1977) ........... 168 2.1.6. „Weiterentwicklung der Psychoanalyse und ihrer Anwendungen“,Band VI (1977) ........... 169 2.2. Verbindendes zwischen den IFPS-Gesellschaften ............................................................. 171 2.3. Abschließende Diskussion ................................................................................................. 173 Anhang Liste der Abkürzungen .............................................................................................................. 179 Bibliographie ............................................................................................................................. 180 Liste der Kongresse .................................................................................................................. 190 Liste der Generalsekretäre der IFPS ......................................................................................... 192 Liste der Mitgliedsgesellschaften der IFPS ............................................................................... 193 Satzung der IFPS (vom 6.September 1974):............................................................................. 196 5 Zusammenfassung Die Entstehungs- und Entwicklungsgeschichte der International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) ist bisher nicht ausführlich und zusammenhängend beschrieben worden. Es handelt sich um eine internationale psychoanalytische Föderation, in der sich psychoana- lytische Ausbildungsinstitute und psychoanalytische Gesellschaften assoziiert haben, die nicht Mitglied in der großen, traditionsreichen International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA) werden konnten oder wollten. Meist hatte dies mit Ansichten und Haltungen zu tun, die von der „orthodoxen“ und von der IPA definierten psychoanalytischen Lehrmeinung abwichen. Das Grundprinzip der IFPS war von Beginn an geprägt von Offenheit und Toleranz neuen psychoanalytischen Konzepten und Methoden gegenüber und von Nichteinmischung in die Ausbildungsfragen der einzelnen Mitgliedsinstitute. Die IFPS wird 1962 von international tätigen, aber allesamt deutschsprachigen Psychoanalytikern gegründet. Die erste Satzung der IFPS wird 1974 noch auf Deutsch formuliert. Inzwischen ist die Verständigungssprache zum Englischen gewechselt und es gehören der IFPS insgesamt 28 psychoanalytische Institute und Gesellschaften an, viele davon aus dem englisch- und spanischsprachigen Raum. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Gründungsgeschichte der IFPS und die ersten 20 Jahre ihres Bestehens anhand von Archivmaterial nachvollzogen, das die Archivkommission der IFPS zusammengetragen hat. Zunächst geht es um die Vorgeschichte der Gründung, in der die Grundsätze der neuen internationalen Gemeinschaft bereits diskutiert und formuliert werden und in der erste Konflikte mit anderen psychoanalytischen Vereinigungen auftauchen. Dann werden die Gründer, ihre theoretischen Standpunkte und ihre Schwierigkeiten miteinander vorgestellt. Alle ein bis vier Jahre werden größere oder kleinere Tagungen durch die IFPS abgehalten. Diese Tagungen werden hinsichtlich ihres inhaltlichen und organisatorischen Rahmens dargestellt. Die Vorträge der ersten Tagungen werden in Auswahl in sechs Bänden veröffentlicht. Erst 1992 entsteht die
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