2014 Master Plan Update

Home , Indian Springs Metropark, Paint Creek Trail, Pontiac Silverdome, Sheridan (automobile), Stony Creek Metropark, The Crofoot

City of Pontiac, Michigan Adopted October 7, 2014 500 Griswold Avenue, Suite 2500, Detroit, MI 48226 313.961.3650 • www.wadetrim.com

Table of Contents

1. Foreword ...... 1

2. Executive Summary ...... 3

3. Goals and Objectives ...... 8 Sustainable Pontiac ...... 8 Methodology ...... 8 Vision ...... 8 Placemaking and Smart Growth ...... 9 Goals and Objectives ...... 11

4. Demographics ...... 17 Population ...... 18 Housing ...... 18 Age and Household Data ...... 18 Population Analysis ...... 18 Household Growth and Composition ...... 21 Housing Analysis ...... 23 Transportation ...... 25 Employment ...... 27 Technology ...... 28 Census Tract Areas ...... 28

5. Existing Land Use ...... 33 Existing Land Use ...... 34

6. Transportation ...... 37 Overview ...... 38 Travel Route Improvements ...... 40 Context Sensitive Solutions ...... 41 Street Standards and Design Principles ...... 41 Downtown Pontiac Transportation Assessment ...... 41 Woodward Loop Alternatives ...... 43 Public Transit ...... 44 Non-Motorized Transportation ...... 47

This two-sided document has been printed on recycled paper. Each chapter starts on a new page requiring some blank pages on the left side.

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update i 7. Parks, Recreation and Natural Features ...... 49 Parks and Recreation Facilities ...... 50 Action Plan ...... 56 Natural Features ...... 58

8. Economic Development - Placemaking and the New Economy ...... 63 The New Economy ...... 63 Strategic Placemaking and the New Economy ...... 66 Neighborhood Economic Development Strategy ...... 67 Entrepreneurial Districts ...... 73

9. Future Land Use ...... 79 Future Land Use Goals ...... 80 Future Land Use Policy ...... 82 Future Land Use Plan ...... 84 Zoning Plan ...... 86

10. Zoning and Implementation Plan ...... 107 Implementation ...... 107 Zoning and Regulation ...... 108

11. Public Participation ...... 111 Comprehensive List/Community Session Notes ...... 112

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update ii Exhibits Exhibit 1 Historic Population Trend and Projections 1900-2040 ...... 19 Exhibit 2 Population and Percentage of Oakland Co . Population, Pontiac, 1900-2040 . . . . 19 Exhibit 3 Percent Increases in Censuses Count of Population ...... 19 Exhibit 4 Total Population and Population Growth Rates, Pontiac and Surrounding Communities, 1980-2010 ...... 20 Exhibit 5 Median Age and Percentage of Total Population under 18 years of age and over 65 years of age in Pontiac, Oakland County, Michigan, and the US, 2013 . . . . . 20 Exhibit 6 Change in Median Age, Pontiac (1980-2012) ...... 21 Exhibit 7 Change in the Proportion of Age Populations, Pontiac (2000-2012) ...... 21 Exhibit 8 Comparison of Age Groups, 2012 ...... 21 Exhibit 9 Educational Attainment, Population 25 and over, 2010 ...... 22 Exhibit 10 Educational Attainment (Population 25 and over), 2010 ...... 22 Exhibit 11 Household Composition Pontiac, Region, and Oakland County, 2012 ...... 22 Exhibit 12 Median Household Income, Pontiac, Surrounding Communities and Oakland County ...... 22 Exhibit 13 Median Household Income, 2012 ...... 22 Exhibit 14 Housing Type Pontiac, Oakland County, and Region, 2010 ...... 23 Exhibit 15 Comparison of Housing Types by Percentage, 2010 ...... 24 Exhibit 16 Housing Occupancy and Tenure Pontiac, Oakland County, and Region, 2010 .24 Exhibit 17 Age of Housing, Pontiac, 2012 ...... 24 Exhibit 18 Building Permits Issued, Pontiac, 2002-2014 ...... 24 Exhibit 19 Vehicles Available per Occupied Housing Units, Pontiac, Oakland County, . . . Michigan, and US, 2012 ...... 25 Exhibit 20 Median Home Value Comparison, 2012 ...... 26 Exhibit 21 Median Rent Comparison, 2012 ...... 26 Exhibit 22 Means of Commute Transportation, 2012 ...... 27 Exhibit 23 Employment Status, Pontiac, Oakland County, MI, US, 2012 ...... 27 Exhibit 24 Internet Accessibility Oakland County, 2011 ...... 28 Exhibit 25 Percentage of Housing Units with Access to Broadband, by Technology, Oakland County, 2011 ...... 28 Exhibit 26 Pontiac Census Tracts ...... 29 Exhibit 27 Income Characteristics by Census Tract, Pontiac, 2012 ...... 30 Exhibit 28 Housing Characteristics by Census Tract, Pontiac, 2012 ...... 30 Exhibit 29 Income and Housing Characteristics by Census Tract, Pontiac, 2012 ...... 31 Exhibit 30 Pontiac, 2013 Land Use Map ...... 35 Exhibit 31 Pontiac, 2013 Land Use Statistics ...... 36 Exhibit 32 Preferred Alternative - Pontiac Downtown Transportation Assessment ...... 45 Exhibit 33 SMART 2014 Transit Routes ...... 46 Exhibit 34 Priority Non-Motorized Routes Map ...... 48 Exhibit 35 Recreation Inventory Map ...... 51 Exhibit 36 Recreation Facility Inventory ...... 52 Exhibit 37 Clinton River Watershed ...... 59 Exhibit 38 Natural Features Mao...... 60 Exhibit 39 Pontiac Green Infrastructure Map ...... 62 Exhibit 40 Pontiac School District Building Data ...... 76 Exhibit 41 The “Missing Middle” Housing Types ...... 83 Exhibit 42 Pontiac Future Land Use Map ...... 91 Exhibit 43 Implementation Plan ...... 109 Exhibit 44 Public Engagement Meetings ...... 113

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City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update iv Chapter 1: Foreword

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 1 Foreword

Chapter 1

This foreword is dedicated to all of those who helped draft this Master Plan for Pontiac . As Mayor, I am grateful to all of those who con- tributed their efforts to making this document a true representation of the paradigm shift that has happened in this city .

As one of Michigan’s greatest industrial centers, Pontiac is on its way back and is staking a claim to a new destiny . As we have emerged from Emergency Manager control but still on a course that is charted by state control, we are united to produce a new narra- tive for Pontiac that takes Pride in its rich and storied history . Pontiac is the county seat of Oakland County . It is a city with extraordinary assets and bright prospects on which to build a revised destiny . It is with this spirit that the Steering Committee undertook the revision of the Master Plan .

We give thanks for the extraordinary effort of the members of the Master Plan Steering Committee and the Planning Commission . We also recognize all those who engaged the community and neighborhood input by training and conducting “visioning sessions” at 20 sites throughout the City during this process . We also recognize the expertise and tremendous efforts of James Sabo and Chip Smith of Wade Trim the project coordinators, whose commitment to Pontiac is commendable .

Dr . Deirdre Waterman, Mayor June 16, 2014

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 2 Chapter 2: Executive Summary

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 3 Executive Summary

Chapter 2

The 2014 Master Plan update sets a bold There are five major differences between the course for Pontiac - one focused on creating 2014 Master Plan and the 2008 Master Plan . a positive future for the residents of the City . 1 . Future Land Use . In this chapter, and in This plan builds on the 2008 Master Plan and the map, residential districts have been incorporates new data, best practices, and consolidated into fewer categories and a leading policies to ensure the City creates a new category - Entrepreneurial Districts blueprint for a prosperous future . - has been created to provide greater flexibility and creativity for redevelopment In 2008 the City of Pontiac adopted a new within these designated areas . These Master Plan which charted a new course for districts replace the Special Purpose the City and resulted in the transformative and Potential Intensity Change Areas update of the City’s zoning ordinance . This (PICAs) from the 2008 Plan, which did ordinance update, officially adopted in 2011, not provide enough flexibility and were has been a major factor in streamlining the very prescriptive as far as pre-determining review process, creating more certainty in the land uses for specific parcels and areas. development review process for applicants, This new approach creates a framework and perhaps most importantly, codifies best to guide redevelopment, but does not planning practices . specifically identify a single land use for these properties . In accordance with Public Act 33 of 2008, the 2 . Transportation . The 2014 Master Plan Planning Enabling Act, the City is required incorporates the Downtown Pontiac to review its Master Plan at least every five Transportation Study recommendations years . As part of this review, the City deter- for reconfiguring the Woodward Ave. mined that an update is needed, in particular, Loop (Wide Track Dr .) . Furthermore, the to address some of the conditions and oppor- recommendations include expansive tunities resulting from of the 2008-2012 eco- non-motorized transportation alternatives, nomic recession and the associated property a policy of expanded transit services foreclosure and abandonment crisis . and an emphasis on creating Complete Streets throughout the City . This chapter The City, guided by the Master Plan Steering is the most expansively different when Committee (MPSC), engaged residents in compared with the 2008 Master Plan . multiple public forums and through an on-line 3 . Walkable Urbanism . Unlike the 2008 survey . These public meetings, facilitated by Master Plan which continued to members of the MPSC, city planning staff emphasize auto-centric planning, the 2014 and citizens, shaped the new Master Plan so Master Plan adopts a new approach to that it reflects the current needs and desires redevelopment, one that favors walkable of residents and stakeholders . This process urbanism . Walkable urbanism is, simply helped generate new priorities and initiatives put, using the traditional urban Pontiac that compliment many of the goals, objectives neighborhood as a model to create self- and policies described in the 2008 Master sustaining neighborhoods that can provide Plan . a range of uses and services all within a walkable distance .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 4 The concepts of walkable urbanism and complete streets gained strong support in all of the public meetings . 4 . Neighborhood Economic Development . The 2014 Master Plan expands the Strategic Placemaking emphasized in the City’s Economic Development goals and objectives to the neighborhoods . The 2008 Economic Development chapter focused on city-wide placemaking . The 2014 update includes expansive recommendations for neighborhood-scale economic development . Small businesses are the great job creators, particularly in urban communities . This focus on neighborhood economic development reflects the importance small business plays both within neighborhoods and the City . The City doesn’t have the resources to provide seed funding to small business start-ups, but this chapter outlines how the City can help put entrepreneurs together with funding and technical assistance and then establishes neighborhood groups as the groups responsible for promoting neighborhood redevelopment and establishing the acceptable parameters of that development . 5 . Parks, Recreation and Natural Features . This chapter now includes the City’s Parks and Recreation 2012-2016 Master Plan .

These major changes are in addition to minor changes that can be found throughout the Goals and Objectives, Demographics and Ex- isting Land Use chapters . The changes to the Goals and Objectives chapter came directly from the MPSC and public input sessions . Changes to demographics and existing Land use reflect changes in conditions since the 2008 Master Plan .

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City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 6 Chapter 3: Goals and Objectives

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 7 Goals and Objectives

Chapter 3

propriate land use polices related to changes Sustainable Pontiac in the economy. Specifically, the updated It is a primary goal of this plan to lay the land use policies will seek to address future groundwork for a sustainable Pontiac . Sus- land use decisions related to the 2009 Gen- tainability - environmental, economic and eral Motors bankruptcy and other significant cultural – is best described as ensuring the challenges that resulted from the economic environment, economics and social fabric of downturn described as the “Great Recession .” the City continues indefinitely to allow for a high quality of life for all residents . The Steering Committee was asked to research potential property for master plan update consideration and for any other sig- Methodology nificant changes over the past five years that The process for developing an updated Vision would warrant potential consideration under for the City of Pontiac in accordance with the the master plan update process . five-year review process from Public Act 33 of 2008 started with two public town meetings During March and April of 2014, the Master sponsored by the MSU Land Policy Institute Plan Steering Committee facilitated more than and MSHDA Community Development Divi- ten public meetings across the City to solicit sion . input about specific neighborhood conditions and goals and to determine if the City’s At the meetings, participants were introduced Master Plan goals still represent community to the key components of Placemaking . They desires. These sessions affirmed most of the were informed that 95% of the master plan Master Plan objectives and demonstrated update process would be performed internally a much higher priority for non-motiorized by the Planning Department and that the transportation and complete streets than was intent of the update process is to make minor expressed in 2008 . adjustments and corrections to the existing Pontiac Master Plan that was adopted in December of 2008 . The Master Plan Steering Vision Committee was informed that the 2008 plan Mayor Dr . Deirdre Waterman’s Branding and is still valid and still in effect . The goal of the Visioning Transition Team developed a new current master plan update process will be vision statement for Pontiac during the spring to adjust the existing master plan to reflect ap- of 2014 .

City of Pontiac Vision: The City of Pontiac is the County Seat with a strong economic development focus . It is a destination that promotes diversity, is business friendly, vibrant, and an inviting place to live, work and visit . Pontiac is a community with a small town feel, retaining its sense of history while adjusting gracefully to changes in the twenty-first century.

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 8 Placemaking And Smart Growth Ten Principles of Smart Growth Creating a “sense of place” is simply referred The City should employ the 10 Smart to as Placemaking . It describes a certain Growth Principles for future land deci- type of community development based upon sions: common ground where people gather or live, 1 . Create Range of Housing such as housing, squares, streets, green Opportunities and Choices spaces, plazas, parks, and waterfronts . It’s an 2 . Create Walkable Neighborhoods examination and accounting of the types of 3 . Encourage Community and places where talented people, entrepreneurs, Stakeholder Collaboration and businesses want to locate, invest, and 4 . Foster Distinctive, Attractive expand . Placemaking is based on a single Communities with a Strong Sense of principle - people choose to live in places Place that offer specific amenities, social networks, 5 . Make Development Decisions resources and opportunities to support thriv- Predictable, Fair and Cost Effective ing lifestyles . 6 . Mix Land Uses 7 . Preserve Open Space, Farmland, Following the major economic changes from Natural Beauty and Critical 2009 -2011, the City should employ the key Environmental Areas components of both “Placemaking” and 8 . Provide a Variety of Transportation “Smart Growth” for future land use decisions Choices and economic development decisions . 9 . Strengthen and Direct Development Towards Existing Communities The intent of the Goals and Objectives Sum- 10 .Take Advantage of Compact Building mary for the Pontiac Master Plan update is Design to combine and “blend” the economic development strategies of both Placemaking and Smart Growth and to include the best prac- Transportation tices of each policy program . The blended Access to transportation is a prime factor strategy approach is detailed here . when choosing a place to live and it affects the sustainability and livability of a city . Place- Components of Placemaking making seeks to have a positive impact on and Smart Growth Housing public transportation by creating commuting An important component of placemaking is alternatives and walkability . Initiatives such as to improve and revitalize homes, neighbor- Complete Streets can improve the functional- hoods, and communities . Rental rehabilitation ity of roadways within the local context of an programs can help renovate second-story area and address the mobility needs of all housing units in traditional downtown areas users . A variety of transportation choices pro- to increase pedestrian activity and business vides people with greater choices for housing, revenue . Redevelopment grants can help cre- shopping, and employment and is an impor- ate low-interest home improvement loans and tant component of both the Placemaking and down payment assistance . Creating a range Smart Growth Strategies . Utilizing existing of quality housing opportunities and quality transportation infrastructure and the accompa- housing choices is an important part of Smart nying resources that existing neighborhoods Growth along with walkable neighborhoods . provide can help conserve open space on the Having a desirable and walkable place to urban fringe and is a key aim for both Smart live and work is a key component of both the Growth and Placemaking efforts within a com- Placemaking and Smart Growth strategies . munity .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 9 Historic Preservation green assets in Pontiac . Similarly, Smart Pontiac’s historic buildings, downtown, and Growth seeks to enhance the quality of life by neighborhoods define the architectural fab- preserving open space and directing future ric of the community and consequently its development into existing communities with sense of “place” . It’s important to preserve the existing public service infrastructure . places that make a community unique . His- toric preservation enhances property values, Talent creates jobs, and promotes tourism . Historic Attracting and acquiring talent is a strategy places are vibrant and vital community assets component that is unique to Placemaking . and the State of Michigan Historic Preserva- Our local region is transitioning from a manu- tion Office Tax Credit program can help inves- facturing-based to a knowledge-based econ- tors preserve Pontiac’s significant inventory omy and the ability to provide employers with of historical assets . In addition, community skilled workers is critical to the City of Ponti- development and architectural standards fos- ac’s local economy . It’s important to work with ter a distinctive, attractive, and beautiful place local colleges, organizations, and high tech to live and work . Strong historic preservation businesses to support initiatives that help to values and well-conceived community devel- ensure talented young and mid-career people opment standards are important aspects of choose to live and work in Pontiac . Creating a Placemaking and Smart Growth strategies . vibrant and talent-based community will help attract new talent and businesses to the City . National Main Street Program Incorporation of Placemaking strategies is The National Main Street Program provides critical to attracting skilled talent to move the technical assistance to downtown businesses City forward . to help revitalize and preserve their traditional downtown commercial business districts, Entrepreneurialism thereby attracting new residents with mixed- “Economic Gardening” is the entrepreneur- use housing in the downtown area . The en- ial philosophy of placemaking . It is a growth hanced area can further energize Pontiac and model based on encouraging the growth attract new businesses, promote investment, and development of local businesses with and spur economic growth in downtown and high growth aspirations and potential versus beyond . While incorporation of the National an outward focus on new business acquisi- Main Street Program is not a specific compo- tions . The types of communities that foster nent of Placemaking or Smart Growth strate- this process are often referred to as new gies, it is a successful four-point program and urbanism communities and include retail, dovetails very well with both Placemaking and residential and commercial uses with a dense Smart Growth efforts . population, which creates energy and activity . Neighborhoods are within walking distance to Green Space restaurants, shops, pubs, and music venues . Protecting green space is an important com- The philosophy of economic gardening can ponent of Placemaking, which relates to help cultivate a culture of entrepreneurialism protecting the City’s natural resources and that will provide a stable source of future jobs the economic benefits related to natural and opportunities for Pontiac . resources . City parks and recreation areas have the potential to generate revenue, which TIDE (Talent, Innovation, Diversity, can be used to help protect green spaces and Environment) park areas near housing and the downtown . TIDE is the community assessment tool de- Quality green spaces and parks help create signed by the Michigan State University sustainability and livability . It is important to (MSU) Land Policy Institute to assist commu- support organizations that seek to protect nities with their asset analysis and strategic

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 10 planning for economic growth . TIDE is an Objectives economic growth model developed by the Land Policy Institute that conducts an analysis 1 . Encourage new residential development, of the four components (talent, innovation, particularly in the downtown district . diversity and environment) and helps com- • Transform Lot 9 into mixed-use munities identify specific improvements and developments with public open space . how that will correlate with job and economic • Create more live/work and loft- growth . style residential opportunities in the Downtown . During the February 2014 MSU Land Policy • Create a high-density, Transit-Oriented Institute Placemaking seminars, a plan was Development (TOD) with residential designed for Pontiac to evaluate its assets units within ¼ mile of a major mass and establish an assessment profile using transit hub . TIDE . With a new TIDE assessment, Pontiac 2 . Protect and strengthen existing residential will better understand where to focus its atten- neighborhoods . tion and resources to create a more prosper- • Identify and remove blighting ous and vibrant community . influences such as abandoned cars, trash, debris, condemned and burned houses and enforce property Goals And Objectives: maintenance standards . The City’s vision statement sets the policy • Work with banks, savings and loans, for land use decisions . Based on that vision credit unions, other private lenders and statement, the following goals and objectives non-profits to provide affordable home were created. These terms are defined as repair and improvements loans to low- follows: and moderate-income residents . • Work with neighborhood groups to Goals are broad descriptions based on com- develop strategies to combat blighted munity desires for the future . Goals are long property and to acquire and/or maintain term ends toward which programs or activities vacant properties . are directed . • Create opportunities for new infill housing development . Objectives are specific and measurable inter- • Work with Michigan State University mediate ends that are achievable and make Extension Service or other urban progress toward achieving a goal, and conse- agriculture non-profit/provider to quently, affect the realization of the commu- develop a small-scale urban farming nity’s vision . or community gardening program on vacant and/or blighted property . This Residential may include amending the zoning ordinance to allow agriculture on plots Goals of less than one acre as a permissible 1 . Strengthen existing residential use in the City’s residential districts . neighborhoods . • Continue to advocate for an Oakland 2 . Providing new, diverse housing choices . County Land Bank program . 3 . Ensure that residential redevelopment 3 . Provide a diverse housing stock appealing and new infill developments complement to a population with a wide range of and enhance the character of the existing incomes . neighborhoods and have a positive effect • Encourage projects to include a on property values . diversity of income ranges .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 11 • Work with non-profits and other groups prevention and minimal maintenance in to help older residents maintain their mind . homes as they age . 3 . Aggressively pursue and seek creative 4 . Establish design standards for residential and unique sources and partnerships to and infill development. increase funding for park maintenance, • Develop appropriate standards for operation, programs and improvements . historic districts . 4 . Increase staffing levels as funding permits • Catalog historic home styles by and seek to foster partnerships with neighborhood . organizations and volunteers to maintain a 5 . Encourage mixed-use development in the higher level of maintenance and offerings downtown district, around downtown and within the City . along Woodward Avenue . 5 . Ensure access to park and recreation • Create partnerships between facilities for citizens of all ages, incomes, the Pontiac Downtown Business and abilities . Association (PDBA), Oakland 6 . Preserve and protect sensitive natural County and the Michigan Economic resources . Development Corp . (MEDC) to recruit 7 . Reduce the carbon footprint of new downtown development . development in Pontiac . 6 . Encourage historic preservation and rehabilitation of historic homes and Objectives commercial buildings . • Work with Oakland County Planning 1 . Focus efforts to secure funding for the and Economic Development Services’ design and construction of the final Historic Preservation Architect to segment (Phase IV) of the Clinton River help promote available tax credits, Trail and/or the CN Railroad north spur new market credits and historic option . rehabilitation . • Continue to coordinate and partner • Develop a Historic Preservation Plan with the Friends of the Clinton River and produce fact sheet illustrating the Trail to assist with the completion, economic benefits and incentives for improvement and maintenance of the historic preservation and restoration . system including events, signage, • Work with community groups and surface improvements, etc . Oakland County Planning to update 2 . Encourage and facilitate discussions the historic building inventory for each with City staff and consultants to ensure neighborhood and the Downtown existing and proposed work within public District . rights-of-way meets the intention of the • Develop a pattern book of infill housing Complete Streets movement . styles that is compatible with each 3 . Establish a Baseball/Softball Commission historic neighborhood . with appointees from each existing League . Commission would be Parks and Recreation responsible for organization, scheduling, facility maintenance, improvements and Goals grievances at Aaron Perry and Jaycee 1 . Provide a complete, connected, Parks . Commission would not be City universally accessible, and well- funded . maintained non-motorized network . 4 . Seek funds (internally or externally) to 2 . Dedicate resources to remove obsolete increase staffing related to management, and unsafe elements from parks and operations, programming and maintenance design all new improvements with crime at the parks and senior centers .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 12 5 . Continue conversations with Oakland Development (Commercial, County regarding a possible County Park Industrial, Mixed-Use, Green) within the City limits . Goals 6 . Foster relationships with the public and private schools to seek opportunities 1 . Take advantage of Pontiac’s central for joint agreements regarding use, location and affordability to attract new maintenance, improvements and long- office, retail, commercial and mixed-use term youth programs . development/redevelopment to Pontiac 7 . Consider and be open to partnerships that works to help recruit “New Economy” with private organizations for the joint businesses and workers . management of facilities . 8 . Bolster the Adopt-A-Park program and Objectives adoption of right-of-way areas throughout the City . 1 . Prioritize pedestrian and human-scale 9 . Encourage the establishment of a non- development and redevelopment . profit “Friends” of Pontiac Parks group • Adopt standards to ensure that that can secure grants and donations that commercial strip development creates the City is not eligible for and can assist in a walkable, pedestrian-friendly improvements at City Parks . experience . 10 .Remove obsolete fixtures and facilities • Adopt more flexible standards to as outlined in the 2011-2016 Parks & encourage commercial, industrial, Recreation Plan CIP table with particular mixed-use and/or green redevelopment focus on community parks such as Aaron of vacant and underutilized buildings . Perry, Beaudette, Crystal Lake, Galloway, • Adopt design standards for corridor Oakland and Rotary . commercial developments that require 11 . Repair facilities that are damaged in a higher quality materials and improve timely manner to encourage use and the appearance of traditional strip discourage vandalism . commercial centers . 12 .Improvements at parks should adhere to 2 . Encourage mixed-use development along Crime Prevention Through Environmental Woodward Avenue . Design (CPTED) principles and strategies 3 . Create opportunities for New Economy to deter criminal behavior . (Information Technology (IT), Research 13 .Design and select materials for minimal and Development, Communications and maintenance . Medical) development . 14 .Modify City code to allow for advertising • Develop new standards for the and signage at City parks . improvement and conversion of former 15 .Continue to seek grants from national, manufacturing land and vacant school state, regional and local agencies and buildings to office space for research private foundations . and development and technology . 16 .Seek to establish endowments for parks to • Work with the PDBA, Pontiac Regional ensure long-term maintenance of existing Chamber of Commerce, Committee and/or new facilities . of 50 and Oakland County PEDS 17 .Utilize partnerships with other to attract start up businesses and governmental or school organizations to prepare marketing brochures and a recognize desired improvements . development handbook . 18 .Provide park and recreation opportunity • Work with Oakland County PEDS within walking distance (typically ¼ mile or and MEDC to identify strategies for less) of each residential neighborhood . redeveloping former industrial sites . • Work with Oakland County to target

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 13 brownfield sites for redevelopment and using public and/or non-motorized develop process to help developers transportation . clean up sites . • Work with Oakland County and MDOT • Work with the Pontiac School Board to to update average daily traffic volumes facilitate the sale and re-use of closed and identify streets and roads that, school buildings for redevelopment and due to low traffic volumes, should be adaptive re-use . considered for “road diets” . • Work with Oakland County PEDS 2 . Create an interconnected network of trails, and MEDC to attract new research, sidewalks, on-road bike lanes, protected communication and IT businesses to cycle tracks and separated bike paths . Pontiac . • Develop a non-motorized transportation 4 . Develop Transit-Oriented Development plan that identifies both locations for (TOD) Downtown . specific non-motorized improvements • Identify potential parcels for a TOD and standards for different types of within downtown for a future SMART non-motorized facilities . or Regional Transit Authority (RTA) • Create safe and secure routes to regional multi-modal transit center school . Identify the safe routes to all • Work with the State of Michigan, schools and implement necessary Oakland County, the Woodward improvements to ensure student safety . Avenue Action Association (WA3), • Work with schools and community SMART and the RTA to secure groups to create signage identifying commitment for a northern transit hub safe routes to school . in downtown Pontiac . • Work with churches, non-profits, • Create density incentives for TOD in community groups and schools to the downtown district . promote walking and non-motorized transportation . Transportation 3 . Encourage and implement traffic calming measures to limit the speed and volume Goals of vehicular traffic through residential 1 . Create a safe and connected multi-modal neighborhoods . transportation network that provides a 4 . Adopt the Downtown Pontiac range of transportation options for all Transportation Assessment as city policy . residents . • Work with Oakland County to obtain 2 . Create a northern transit hub in downtown funding to convert the Loop into Pontiac . two-way traffic as described in the 3 . Expand transit alternatives for all Transportation chapter . residents . 5 . Re-connect Saginaw Street to completely restore Downtown . 6 . Work with SEMCOG, Oakland County, the Objectives State of Michigan, federal government, 1 . Adopt a Complete Streets ordinance and SMART and the RTA to create mass a policy . transit hub which includes a Bus Rapid • Develop typical street profiles that Transit (BRT) line that has a hub in require the implementation of complete Downtown Pontiac . streets . These standards include • Work with RTA, SMART, SEMCOG, bicycle and pedestrian facilities and Oakland County and State officials standards . to identify potential funding to create • Work with the PDBA and downtown a transit line between Pontiac and employers to create incentives for Detroit .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 14 7 . Improve wayfinding throughout the City. deconstruction) in ways that utilize • Develop unique Downtown wayfinding vacant property in Pontiac . signage . 4 . Develop a street tree action plan and • Improve the appearance and function program . of all gateways into the City .

Green Infrastructure, Natural Resources and Climate Goals 1 . Reduce Pontiac’s carbon footprint and greenhouse gas emissions in measurable ways . 2 . Reduce the impact of development-related stormwater runoff on the Clinton River . 3 . Reduce the cost of grey infrastructure (traditional storm drains and stormwater conveyance systems) through the implementation of green infrastructure requirements . 4 . Adopt clean energy and energy saving practices in all City properties . 5 . Adhere to smart growth principles that cluster urban development efficiently.

Objectives 1 . Encourage innovative stormwater treatment options through the use of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) . 2 . Work with community groups and schools to monitor the water quality of the Clinton River and lakes within the City . 3 . Adopt a vacant land reuse strategy . • Work with community groups to create community gardens and urban agriculture plots on vacant and abandoned properties . • Develop a post-demolition specification that requires the use of native plants, grasses, wildflowers and trees. • Work with non-profits and other agencies (Michigan State University Extension, Growing Hope, Greening of Detroit, Michigan WORKS!) to help develop career training opportunities in green industries (urban gardening, nurseries, architectural salvage/

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City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 16 Chapter 4: Demographics

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 17 Demographics

Chapter 4

number of persons completing higher Population education . • Population has continued to decline since • Of the population over 25 years of age, 1970, although Pontiac’s percentage of all 25 .4% did not graduate from high school, Oakland County population has stabilized but this number fell 5 .7% from 2000 . at about 5% since 2000 . • The City’s educational trends are positive, • Based on 2013 SEMCOG estimates, yet clearly indicate a need to remain population declined by less than 1% since focused on promoting education . the 2010 census . This trend and rate of • 17% of households have no access to a car . population decline is expected to continue through 2040 . Population Analysis This population analysis examines charac- Housing teristics of the people and households who • Vacancy continues to be a major issue, reside in the City of Pontiac, MI . with 18% of all housing units reported by the 2010 census and SEMCOG a being Total Population vacant . Changes in a community’s population affect • Over 20% of the City’s housing stock was the area’s overall development . Population built between 1950 and 1959 . growth leads to investment and redevelop- • In 2012 (most recent year for which data ment, while an unplanned decline in popula- is available), median housing value was tion can result in abandonment and blight . $70,000 . The population trends of a community and the regional context must be understood to develop an effective future land use plan . This Age and Household Data section describes the City’s historical popula- • The City’s median age, 33 .5 years, is lower tion trend, analyzes the regional population than that of Oakland County, the State, growth context, and compares the City’s and the US . population growth to that of neighboring com- • Pontiac’s median age has steadily munities . increased over the past 30 years . • More residents are continuing to live in the The City’s and Oakland County’s historic City as they age . population trends, based on the decennial • The number of households in Pontiac census, are presented in Exhibit 1 and Exhibit declined from 24,234 in 2000 to 22,959 in 2 . The City experienced its largest population 2010, a decrease of 1,275 or 5 .3% . increases over the 1910 – 1930 time period, • The household decline of 5 .3% was less and in 1920 accounted for nearly 40% of than the population decline over the Oakland County’s total population . Popula- same period of 11 .8%, which points to a tion growth increases slowed following World decrease in the average household size . War II, and peaked in 1970 . Pontiac has • Since 2000, more people graduated from experienced population decline since 1970, high school, and there was a rise in the although Pontiac’s percentage of all Oakland

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 18 County population has stabilized at about 5% even though the State as a whole gained since 2000 . population . During this time period, the City of Pontiac lost nearly 30% of its residents, Comparative Population Trend resulting from population redistribution in a The comparative population trend is present- region that was experiencing a net decline in ed in Exhibit 3 . The data shows the percent total population . Suburbanization saw popula- increase in population for each Census from tion shift from older areas such as Pontiac to 1980 through 2010 . For the entire 30-year pe- newer suburbs . riod, the City’s growth has been significantly lower than the growth rate for the County, the Population and population growth trends region, the State and the United States (US) . for Pontiac and surrounding communities From 1980 through 2010, Pontiac and the are presented in Exhibit 4 . Over the 30-year Detroit Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) period from 1980 to 2013, the 6 communities experienced a decrease in total population, displayed varying rates of growth . Auburn

Exhibit 1 Historic Population Exhibit 2 Population and Percentage of Oakland County Trend and Projections 1900-2040 Population,Figure Pontiac, 2.1 Population 1900-2040 and Percentage of Oakland County Population Population City of Pontiac, 1900-2040 90,000 40% Year City of Oakland 80,000 Pontiac County 35%

70,000 1900 9,769 44,792 30%

1910 14,532 49,576 60,000 25%

1920 34,273 90,050 50,000 1930 64,928 211,251 20% 40,000 Percent

15% 1940 66,626 254,068 Number ofPersons 30,000 1950 73,681 396,001 10% 1960 82,233 690,259 20,000 5% 1970 85,279 907,871 10,000

1980 76,715 1,011,793 0 0% 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2040 1990 71,166 1,083,592 Population Percentage of Oakland County Population 2000 67,506 1,194,156 Source: SEMCOG, with data from the 2010 US Census 2010 59,515 1,202,362 2020 57,180 1,218,449 2040 55,870 1,246,863

Source: SEMCOG, with data from the 2010 US Census

Exhibit 3 Percent Increases in Censuses Count of Population Oakland Detroit SEMCOG Year Pontiac Michigan US County MSA1 Region2 1980 to 1990 -7 .3% 7 .1% -3 .3% -2 .0% 0 .4% 9 .8% 1990 to 2000 -5 .1% 10 .2% 3 .3% 5 .3% 6 .9% 13 .2% 2000 to 2010 -11 .8% 0 .7% -4 .4% -2 .7% -0 .6% 9 .7% 1980 to 2010 -28 .9% 15 .8% -4 .7% 0 .5% 6 .3% 26 .6%

1 Detroit MSA includes the counties of Macomb, Oakland, and Wayne 2 SEMCOG Region includes the counties of Livingston, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, Washtenaw, and Wayne Source: SEMCOG, US Decennial Censuses

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 19 Hills and Waterford Township grew over the The City’s median age, 33 .5 years, is lower 33-year period, while the remaining communi- than that of Oakland County, the State, and ties lost population . the US as seen in Exhibit 5 . However, Exhibit 6 on the following page displays how Pon- Age tiac’s median age has steadily increased over The age of a community’s population has very the past 30 years . In addition, Exhibit 7, also real implications for planning and develop- on the following page, represents how each ment . The portion of the population under 18 age group over 55 has experienced recent years of age determines the need for area growth . This evidence suggests that more schools . Empty nesters and elderly residents residents are continuing to live in the City as require housing alternatives that are suit- they age . able to their needs . This section analyzes the age of the City’s population – based on age Age Structure structure, median age, and percentage of the Age structure refers to the portion of a com- population under 18 years of age and over munity’s population in each age group . This 65 years of age – and assesses the implica- section first compares the City’s age structure tions of the population’s age on land use and to that of the region and the surrounding com- development . munities .

Exhibit 4 Total Population and Population Growth Rates, Pontiac and Surrounding Communities, 1980-2010 Bloomfield Auburn Lake Waterford Year Pontiac Sylvan Lake Twp. Hills1 Angelus Twp. 1980 76,715 42,876 15,388 397 64,250 1,949 1990 71,136 42,473 17,076 328 66,692 1,914 2000 67,506 43,023 19,837 326 71,981 1,735 2010 59,515 41,070 21,412 290 71,707 1,720 20132 59,243 41,779 22,000 298 72,166 1,770 Time Period Percent Increase 1980 to 1990 -7 .3% -0 .9% 11 .0% -17 .4% 3 .8% -1 .8% 1990 to 2000 -5 1%. 1 .3% 16 .2% -0 .6% 7 .9% -9 .4% 2000 to 2010 -11 .8% -4 5%. 7 .9% -11 .0% -0 .4% -0 .9% 1980 to 2013 -22 .8% -2 .6% 43 .0% -24 .9% 12 .3% -9 .2%

1 Data represents population of Pontiac Township in 1980, and the City of Auburn Hills for 1990-2013 2 Data for 2013, SEMCOG’s population for July 2013 Source: Pontiac and Surrounding Communities, 1980-2010

Exhibit 5 Median Age and Percentage of Total Population under 18 years of age and over 65 years of age in Pontiac, Oakland County, Michigan, and the US, 2013 Oakland Age Pontiac Michigan US County Median Age (In Years) 33 .5 40 .2 38 .8 37 .2 Under 18 (% of total population) 27 .4 23 .4 23 .7 23 .9 65 and older (% of total population) 9 .4 13 .4 13 .9 13 .2

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 20 Exhibit 8 compares age group distributions in tion . Of the population over 25 years of age, Pontiac to national, state, and county averag- 25 .4% did not graduate from high school, but es . The whole of Pontiac is generally younger this number fell 5 .7% from 2000 . The City’s than the comparison areas . However, Exhibits educational trends are positive, yet clearly 6 and 7 support the trend of an aging popula- indicate a need to remain focused on promot- tion in the City . ing education .

Educational Attainment The educational attainment of Pontiac’s Household Growth and residents is particularly important for future Composition redevelopment and investment . A strong This section of the demographic analysis as- economy requires a skilled and educated sesses the growth and composition of house- workforce . While Pontiac’s workforce is rela- holds in the City . Households are an important tively young, the vast majority of adults over component of analysis because changes in the age of 25 lack education beyond the high the number of households drive the demand school level, as seen in Exhibit 9 and Ex- for housing . Households are also the basic hibit 10 . Since 2000, more people graduated purchasing unit that drives demand for retail from high school, and there was a rise in the sales and for retail offices. number of persons completing higher educa-

Exhibit 6 Change in Median Age, Exhibit 7 Change in the Proportion of Age Figure 2.2 Change in Median Age, Pontiac Pontiac (1980-2012) Populations,Figure 2.3 Pontiac Change in the (2000-2012) proportion of age populations, (1980-2012) Pontiac (2000-2012) 40 7.0%

35 33.5 6.0% 31.8 30 30 28.3 5.0% 25.6 25

4.0% 55 to 59 years 20 60 to 64 years

MedianAge 65 to 74 years 3.0% 15 75 to 84 years 85 years and over Proportion Proportion Population of

10 2.0%

5 1.0%

0 1980 1990 2000 2010 2012 0.0% Year 2000 2010 2012 Year Source: US Decennial Census, 2008-2012 American Community Survey Source: US Decennial Census, 2008-2012 American Community Survey

Exhibit 8 Comparison of Age Groups, 2012 Oakland Age Pontiac Michigan US County Under 5 (Pre-school) 7 .3 5 .7 6 .0 6 .5 5 to 17 (School age) 20 .1 17 .7 17 .7 17 .4 18 to 44 (Family forming) 39 .7 33 .7 34 .6 36 .5 45 to 64 (Mature families) 23 .5 29 .5 27 .8 26 .4 Over 65 (Retirement) 9 .4 13 .4 13 .9 13 .2

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 21 Exhibit 9 Educational Attainment, Exhibit 10 Educational Attainment Population 25 and over, 2010 (Population 25 and over), 2010 Percent Census Highest Level of Education Change 2010 2000-2010 25.4% Graduate/ Professional Degree 3 .4% 0 .3% 33.9% Bachelor's Degree 8 .1% 0 .8% Associate Degrees 6 .0% 1 .3% 3.4% Some College, No Degree 23 .3% 1 .8% 8.1% High School Graduate 33 .9% 1 .4% Did Not Graduate High School 25 .4% -5 .7% 6% 23.3% Source: SEMCOG, with data from the 2010 US Census Source: SEMCOG, with data from the 2010 US Census

Exhibit 11 Household Composition Pontiac, Region, and Oakland County, 2012 SEMCOG Oakland Household Composition Pontiac Region County Total Households 23,330 1,812,434 482,978 Married Couple Households 6,361 842,121 247,540 Percent of total households 27 .3% 46 .5% 51 .3% Number of Female Headed Households with 5,731 256,693 53,337 No Husband Present Percent of total households 24 .6% 14 .2% 11 .0% Householder Living Alone 8,212 541,078 139,581 Percent of total households 35 .2% 29 .9% 28 .9% Householder 65 and Older Living Alone 2,193 189,079 47,332 Percent of total households 9 .4% 10 .4% 9 .8% Number of Households with an Individual Under 18 8,305 587,663 155,036 Percent of total households 35 .6% 32 .4% 32 .1% Number of Households with an Individual 60 or Older 6,462 617,340 161,315 Percent of total households 27 .7% 34 .1% 33 .4% Average Household Size 2 .50 2 .63 3 .00 Average Family Size 3 .29 3 .13 3 .08

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

Exhibit 12 Median Household Income, Pontiac, Surrounding Communities Exhibit 13 Median and Oakland County Household Income, 2012 $28,825

$74,103 Hills Year Twp. Twp. Twp. Lake Lake $104,277 Sylvan County Auburn Pontiac Angelus Oakland

Waterford Waterford $55,138 Bloomfield Pontiac 2000 $61,907 $31,207 $103,897 $51,376 $114,524 $55,008 $71,875 Bloomfield Twp. $52,224 Auburn Hills 2010 $66,390 $30,753 $106,778 $49,558 $186,667 $55,573 $75,694 Lake Angelus 2012 $65,637 $28,825 $104,277 $52,224 $160,893 $55,138 $74,103 $160,893 Waterford Twp. Sylvan Lake Source: SEMCOG, 2008-2012 American Community Survey, 2006-2010 American Community Survey Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 22 Number of Households indicates that Pontiac has the lowest median The number of households in Pontiac de- household income . clined from 24,234 in 2000 to 22,959 in 2010, a decrease of 1,275 or 5 .3% . The household decline of 5 .3% was less than the population Housing Analysis decline over the same period of 11 .8%, which Understanding housing issues is important points to a decrease in the average house- because the demand and development of hold size . The Southeast Michigan Council of houses provide much of the focus for master Governments (SEMCOG) has a household plans . forecast for Pontiac that projects a slight decrease to 22,418 by 2040 . Total Housing Units The total number of housing units in the City Exhibit 11 describes the composition of increased from 26,336 in 2000 to 27,970 in households in Pontiac compared to the re- 2010, indicating that more housing units were gion . There is a higher number of households constructed than were demolished during the with an individual under 18 years of age . In 2000s . addition, Pontiac differs from the surrounding area in its household composition . The City Housing Type has a relatively high number of household- The available 2010 US Census data on hous- ers living alone (35 .2% of total households), ing is categorized into the following types: and a relatively low number of married couple • One-family, detached households (27 .3% of total households) . The • One-family, attached number of female headed households with no • Two-family/duplex husband is more than double the percentage • Multi-unit apartment in Oakland County . This data demonstrates • Mobile homes that housing needs in Pontiac differ from sur- • Other units (includes boats, RVs, etc .) rounding areas . The types of housing in the City are compared Household Income to those in the region in Exhibit 14 and Exhibit Median household income is an indicator of 15 . The City includes a slightly lower propor- the relative wealth of a community . House- tion of single-family housing and a slightly hold income information for Pontiac, Oakland higher proportion of multiple family housing County, and the surrounding communities is than Oakland County or the SEMCOG region . presented in Exhibit 12 and Exhibit 13, which

Exhibit 14 Housing Type Pontiac, Oakland County, and Region, 2010 Number Percentage Housing Type Oakland SEMCOG Pontiac Pontiac County Region One-Family, Detached 17,791 63 .6% 68 .3% 68 .7% One-Family, Attached 1,349 4 .8% 6 .3% 6 .5% Two-Family/Duplex 1,214 4 .3% 1 .3% 3 .1% Multi-Unit Apartment 7,119 25 .5% 21 .1% 18 .6% Mobile Homes 497 1 .8% 3 .0% 3 .1% Other Units 0 0 .0% 0 .0% 0 .0%

Source: SEMCOG, with data from the 2010 US Census

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 23 Figure 2.6 Comparison of Housing Types by Exhibit 15 Comparison of Housing TypesPercentage, by Percentage, 2010 2010 80.0% 68.7% 70.0% 68.3% 63.6%

60.0%

50.0%

40.0% Percentage 30.0% Pontiac 25.5% Oakland County 21.1%

20.0% 18.6% SEMCOG Region

10.0% 6.5% 6.3% 4.8% 4.3% 3.1% 3.1% 3.0% 1.8% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Housing Type

Source: SEMCOG, with data from the 2010 US Census

Exhibit 16 Housing Occupancy and Tenure Exhibit 17 Age of Housing, Pontiac, 2012 Pontiac, Oakland County, and Region, 2010 0.1% Housing 7.6% Oakland SEMCOG 5.6% Built 2010 or Later 22.1% Occupancy and Pontiac Built 2000 to 2009 County Region 6.7% Tenure Built 1990 to 1999 Occupied Housing 82 .0% 91 .7% 89 .5% Built 1980 to 1989 11.4% Owner Occupied 39 .1% 66 .6% 62 .9% 11.2% Built 1970 to 1979 Built 1960 to 1969 Renter Occupied 43 .0% 25 .2% 26 .6% Built 1950 to 1959 13% Vacant Housing 18 .0% 8 .3% 10 .5% Built 1940 to 1949 22.2% Built 1939 or Earlier Source: SEMCOG, with data from the 2010 US Census Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

Exhibit 18 Building Permits Issued, Pontiac, 2002-2014 Building Permits and Demolition 2002-2005 2006-2009 2010-2014 2002-2014 New Units 700 50 194 944 Single-Family 577 44 47 668 Two-Family/Attached Condo 123 6 0 129 Multiple-Family 0 0 147 147 Units Demolished 49 185 526 760 Net Units 651 -135 -332 184

Source: SEMCOG, with data from the 2010 US Census

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 24 Housing Occupancy and cent years. The growth in new units is fluctu- Tenure ating . The current trend is fewer single-family Occupancy refers to the amount of housing units and there has been a recent surge in that was used as residences at the time of the multiple family units during the 2010 to 2014 2010 US Census . Housing units that were not period . used as residences are identified as vacant units . Tenure indicates that housing was oc- Value of Housing cupied by the owner or rented to a tenant . Exhibit 20 and 21 on the following page Occupancy and tenure data for the City, the summarize the value of owner-occupied region, and the surrounding communities is and rental housing . Home values tend to be presented in Exhibit 16 . significantly lower than surrounding communities; the next lowest median home value is Exhibit 16 indicates that Pontiac has a signifi- in Auburn Hills, and is over $55,000 more in cantly higher percentage of renter occupancy median value . Rental values are on a smaller than surrounding areas . More importantly, the scale but remain much closer to area aver- data in Exhibit 16 shows that vacancy re- ages . mains a primary concern for Pontiac, as 18% of City’s housing units are considered vacant, which is significantly higher than both Oak- Transportation land County and the SEMCOG region . The ease and ability to move from one place to another is an important factor for a com- Age of Housing munity’s development. Traffic, parking, and The age of the City’s housing stock is pre- public transportation are all common topics sented in Exhibit 17 . The largest percentage in an area experiencing growth . Southeast of the City housing was constructed between Michigan is known as a pioneer in the auto- 1950 and 1959 . Older housing requires more motive industry, however many households maintenance and possibly replacement after have limited options for transportation . Exhibit it reaches 50 years of age . Maintaining a 19 displays the number of vehicles available vibrant and attractive housing stock will likely in an occupied housing unit . At 17 .3%, Pon- be one of the major issues facing the City in tiac has a high percentage of housing units the upcoming years . that have no vehicles available for use . The means of transportation used for commuting Building Permits is shown in Exhibit 22 . Pontiac has a higher Building permits and demolition activity in level of carpooling than most communities Pontiac over the past 12 years is summarized and uses public transportation more than the in Exhibit 18 . The table indicates that Pontiac populations of Oakland County or Michigan . has been increasingly demolishing units in re-

Exhibit 19 Vehicles Available per Occupied Housing Units, Pontiac, Oakland County, Michigan, and US, 2012 Oakland Vehicle Availability Pontiac Michigan US County No vehicles available 17 .3% 5 .5% 7 .7% 9 .0% 1 vehicle available 44 .7% 34 .1% 34 .9% 33 .7% 2 vehicles available 28 .7% 42 .0% 38 .9% 37 .6% 3 or more vehicles available 9 .3% 18 .4% 18 .5% 19 .7%

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 25 Exhibit 20 MedianFigure Home 2.8 Value Median Comparison, Home 2012 Value Comparison, 2012 $1,200,000

$1,000,000 + $1,000,000

$800,000

$600,000

$400,000 $346,900

$200,000 $177,600 $170,600 $126,100 $136,500 $70,900

$- Oakland County Pontiac Bloomfield Twp. Auburn Hills Lake Angelus Waterford Twp. Sylvan Lake

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

Exhibit 21 MedianFigure Rent Comparison, 2.9 Median 2012 Rent Comparison, 2012 $2,000

$1,800 $1,750

$1,600

$1,400

$1,200

$989 $1,000 $909 $889

$800 $763 $728 $734

$600

$400

$200

$- Oakland County Pontiac Bloomfield Twp. Auburn Hills Lake Angelus Waterford Twp. Sylvan Lake Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 26 Exhibit 22Figure Means of 2.10Commute Means Transportation, of Commute 2012 Transportation, 2012 100.0%

90.0%

80.0%

70.0%

60.0%

50.0% Pontiac Oakland County Percent Use Percent 40.0% Michigan US 30.0%

20.0%

10.0%

0.0% Car, truck, or Car, truck, or Public Walked Other Means Worked at van- drove van- carpooled transportation Home alone (excluding taxicab) Form of Transportation

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

and over in the labor force . Those not in the Employment labor force include students, retirees, disabled Employment status is often examined to persons, and others unable to work . These are determine the strength of a region’s economy . people who do not have a job and are not look- Exhibit 23 organizes information about Pon- ing for one . The labor force is further divided tiac’s labor force and compares it with the between the civilian labor force and the armed County, State, and the US . The table lists forces . Percentages of the employed and un- the percentage of the population 16 years employed refer to the civilian labor force .

As previously discussed, the Exhibit 23 Employment Status, Pontiac, Oakland County, MI, population of Pontiac is generally US, 2012 younger than surrounding areas . However, there is still a much Oakland Employment Status Pontiac Michigan US County higher percentage of the popula- In Labor Force 60 .9% 67 .3% 62 .3% 64 .7% tion not in the labor force . This Civilian Labor Force 100 .0% 100 .0% 99 .9% 99 .2% suggests that there are a high number of students, disabled Employed 78 .6% 89 .7% 87 .3% 90 .1% persons, or retirees in the City . In Unemployed 21 .4% 10 .2% 12 .6% 9 .3% addition, 21 .4% unemployment Armed Forces 0 .0% 0 .0% 0 .1% 0 .7% is considerably higher than the Not in Labor Force 39 .1% 32 .7% 37 .7% 35 .3% County and State unemployment

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey rates .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 27 Major roads, natural features, and/or the per- Technology ceptions of the residents of a community often The Internet has been increasingly used for define the boundaries of a particular neighbor- communication and gathering information . hood . For the purposes of this analysis, we Many people use this technology to search for have defined neighborhood areas based on jobs, real estate, school performance rates, 2010 US Census tract boundaries (which gen- and businesses to patronize . For a community erally follow major roads and major natural to be competitive in today’s market, comput- features such as rivers) . There are 17 census ers and the Internet must be accessible to tracts inside the City boundaries . We then its citizens . Exhibits 24 and 25 provide infor- summarized key physical and demographic mation about Internet availability in Oakland characteristics of each neighborhood area . County . Income and Housing Characteristics Census Tract Areas Exhibits 27 and 28 present demographic and The makeup, character, and health of a com- housing data for the 17 census tracts shown munity’s neighborhoods is a vital component in Exhibit 26 . Data was collected from the of the City’s overall character . Neighborhoods 2008-2012 American Community Survey . The can be residential, commercial, industrial, shaded cells in the tables indicate outlier val- or mixed-use in character. More specifically, ues that are more or less than one standard residential neighborhoods are defined by deviation away from the mean . These shaded physical characteristics such as small, urban cells indicate that a neighborhood is different lots or large, suburban or rural lots, and socio- than the City-wide average for all neighbor- demographic characteristics of the population hoods . that lives in each neighborhood . The most populated census tracts, 1410 and 1415, are located in the northeast corner of the City . Census tracts 1421, 1423, and 1425 have the lowest population values and are Exhibit 24 Internet Accessibility Oakland located in the southeast and central portions County, 2011 of the City . These patterns hold true for the number of households per census tract . Cen- Oakland Internet Accessibility sus tracts 1410 and 1415 have the highest County number of households, while 1420, 1421, and Total Population 1,198,791 1425 have the lowest numbers . Population without Access 22,522 Percent Population without Access 1 .9% Census tract 1426 is located in the southwest Source: National Broadband Map Data as of June 2011 corner of the City and has the highest median owner-occupied housing value at $88,000 . Exhibit 25 Percentage of Housing Units with Census tracts 1410 and 1411 have the sec- Access to Broadband, by Technology, ond and third highest value respectively at Oakland County, 2011 $87,900 and $77,900 . Oakland Internet Accessibility County Fiber 0% The oldest houses in the City are located Cable 80% in the central and western census tracts . Census tracts 1421, 1420, and 1417 have DSL 96% the largest percent of housing stock built in Source: National Broadband Map Data as of June 2011 1949 or earlier, at 81 .1%, 77 .6%, and 62 .3%,

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 28 ExhibitC 26e Pontiacnsus CensusTra Tractscts City of Pontiac Major Roads Municipal Boundaries Rivers and Streams Water Bodies Parcels

1420 Census Tracts

Census Tract Source: 2012 TIGER/Line Shapefiles

1411

1410

1413 1412 1414

1415

1409 1417 1416

1420 1422 1421

1423 1424 1426 1425

1427

8-17-11

Feet o 0 7501,500 3,000 P:\Aaa10 00\Mleppek\Draft\Pontiac\census_tracts2 .m xd

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 29 Exhibit 27 Income Characteristics by Census Tract, Pontiac, 2012

Median Median Household Income Census Tract Population Households Owner-Occupied Less than Greater than Housing Value $25,000 $75,000 1409 4,520 1,068 $75,900 41 .7% 14 .4% 1410 5,710 2,288 $87,900 31 .4% 20 .8% 1411 3,253 1,280 $77,900 36 .2% 16 .8% 1412 3,210 1,479 $64,700 62 .7% 2 .7% 1413 3,573 1,465 $47,500 36 .7% 9 .5% 1414 3,889 1,466 $70,300 53 .6% 16 .2% 1415 5,789 2,189 $68,800 45 .6% 16 .7% 1416 4,603 1,626 $55,200 49 .4% 7 .5% 1417 3,442 1,086 $71,500 55 .9% 5 .0% 1420 2,547 896 $58,100 45 .6% 17 .6% 1421 1,539 591 $42,700 54 .5% 7 .7% 1422 3,704 1,531 $67,500 68 .5% 3 .6% 1423 2,317 1,117 $69,500 64 .2% 12 .8% 1424 3,061 1,243 $49,800 44 .9% 11 .7% 1425 1,527 697 $76,600 39 .3% 13 .5% 1426 3,491 1,678 $88,000 19 .2% 23 .8% 1427 3,690 1,549 $72,000 31 .9% 23 .7%

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

Exhibit 28 Housing Characteristics by Census Tract, Pontiac, 2012

Housing Age Owner- Housing Census Tract Population Households Built Built Built Occupied Vacancy 2000 or 1950 to 1949 or Housing Later 1999 Earlier 1409 4,520 1,068 20 .2% 47 .3% 32 .5% 14 .6% 60 .6% 1410 5,710 2,288 23 .4% 72 .1% 4 .5% 14 .7% 48 .6% 1411 3,253 1,280 27 .9% 53 .8% 18 .3% 14 .6% 43 .3% 1412 3,210 1,479 2 .9% 84 .3% 12 .8% 14 .5% 20 .2% 1413 3,573 1,465 3 .4% 78 .8% 17 .8% 11 .1% 62 .1% 1414 3,889 1,466 1 .6% 69 .0% 29 .4% 22 .4% 67 .2% 1415 5,789 2,189 4 .2% 77 .4% 18 .4% 18 .9% 51 .3% 1416 4,603 1,626 0 .0% 48 .8% 51 .2% 20 .1% 54 .9% 1417 3,442 1,086 2 .5% 35 .2% 62 .3% 20 .6% 32 .9% 1420 2,547 896 0 .0% 22 .4% 77 .6% 35 .5% 55 .9% 1421 1,539 591 0 .0% 18 .9% 81 .1% 35 .2% 30 .3% 1422 3,704 1,531 6 .5% 60 .6% 32 .9% 14 .4% 34 .5% 1423 2,317 1,117 16 .8% 63 .4% 19 .8% 11 .6% 29 .9% 1424 3,061 1,243 10 .5% 44 .3% 45 .2% 23 .9% 59 .3% 1425 1,527 697 4 .9% 65 .6% 29 .5% 19 .0% 56 .4% 1426 3,491 1,678 0 .0% 46 .0% 54 .0% 11 .3% 79 .1% 1427 3,690 1,549 3 .0% 62 .3% 34 .7% 21 .4% 59 .5%

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 30 respectively . Newer houses have been built in the northwest part of the City, in census in the northern and northwestern parts of the tracts 1413 and 1417 at 78 .1% and 75 .5%, City in census tracts 1411, 1410, and 1409 . respectively . The highest percentage of black The percentage of homes constructed in 2000 residents is located in the south-central por- or later is 27 .9%, 23 .4% and 20 .2%, respec- tion of the City, 93 .0% of census tract 1427 is tively . black; this is followed by census tracts 1424 (84 .1%), 1422 (83 .0%), and 1425 (78 .7%) . Occupancy rates affect the appearance of a The highest percentage of Hispanic residents neighborhood and the feeling of safety it por- is in census tract 1417 with 47 .7%, and in trays . Census tracts 1420 and 1421 have the census tract 1414 with 29 .1% . highest vacancy rates at 35 .5% and 35 .2%, respectively . The highest numbers of owner- occupied houses occur in census tracts 1426 and 1414 at 79 .1% and 67 .2%, respectively .

Race and Ethnicity The diversity of Pontiac is apparent in both the number of different races and ethnicities and their distribution throughout the City . In Exhibit 29, census tracts 1409, 1410, 1416, 1420, 1421, and 1426 have a similar percentage of black and white residents . Generally, these census tracts are located in the western and central portions of the City . The highest percentage of white residents is located

Exhibit 29 Income and Housing Characteristics by Census Tract, Pontiac, 2012 Census White Black Asian Other 2+ Races Hispanic Tract 1409 46 .2% 43 .2% 1 .2% 1 .8% 7 .6% 12 .6% 1410 46 .0% 42 .6% 4 .9% 2 .5% 4 .0% 12 .9% 1411 60 .0% 30 .6% 4 .2% 2 .5% 2 .7% 21 .9% 1412 50 .3% 35 .1% 6 .8% 2 .3% 5 .5% 26 .6% 1413 78 .1% 13 .2% 0 .0% 3 .4% 5 .3% 31 .2% 1414 51 .5% 26 .2% 2 .1% 9 .8% 10 .4% 29 .1% 1415 22 .4% 70 .7% 1 .0% 2 .7% 3 .2% 11 .1% 1416 34 .8% 44 .5% 7 .7% 6 .9% 6 .1% 14 .9% 1417 75 .5% 14 .7% 0 .0% 4 .5% 5 .3% 47 .7% 1420 42 .7% 41 .7% 3 .5% 0 .5% 11 .6% 22 .6% 1421 36 .3% 44 .3% 0 .0% 2 .2% 17 .2% 23 .1% 1422 9 .0% 83 .0% 0 .0% 1 .2% 6 .8% 5 .8% 1423 15 .1% 74 .3% 1 .4% 1 .9% 7 .3% 1 .9% 1424 6 .1% 84 .1% 0 .0% 3 .8% 6 .0% 6 .4% 1425 18 .9% 78 .7% 0 .9% 0 .1% 1 .4% 6 .9% 1426 47 .7% 44 .9% 5 .3% 0 .4% 1 .7% 8 .5% 1427 3 .9% 93 .0% 0 .0% 0 .9% 2 .2% 3 .5%

Source: 2008-2012 American Community Survey

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 31 This page is intentionally blank

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 32 Chapter 5: Existing Land Use

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 33 Existing Land Use

Chapter 5

The City has over 1,600 acres or 12% of the Existing Land Use total land area dedicated to industrial use and The existing land use map shown in Exhibit 875 acres or 6 .7% of total land area for com- 30 displays the current usage of all parcels in mercial or office use. The amount of land for the City of Pontiac . Exhibit 31 documents the commercial and office use is somewhat low, current 12 land uses in Pontiac, and further due to the fact that Pontiac is the Oakland breaks down the single-family residential use County seat and public/institutional space category by lot size . includes the vast Oakland County campus, Pontiac School District property and the water Single-family residential use is the highest treatment facility . Presently, 1,238 acres or use, both when measured by area (24%) and 9 .5% of the City’s total land base is used for in number of parcels (17,321 parcels or 70% public or institutional purposes . of total parcels in Pontiac) .

The overwhelming majority of single-family residential parcels are less than 8,000 sq . ft ., which is consistent with patterns of mature, urban places . There are very few homes on lots greater than one acre - just 107 total parcels .

What is somewhat unusual for an urban community like Pontiac is the relative lack of multiple-family housing . Multiple-family housing, which includes apartments, attached single-family buildings, and townhomes), accounts for just 4 .1% of the total land area, or 527 acres. This signifies a lack of adequate housing type choice in Pontiac .

The second largest percentage use category is road right-of-way (ROW) . The 2,125 acres of land used for road ROW accounts for 16 .4% of all land area in Pontiac . This is important, considering this land is public space and critical to creating an image for the City . These spaces do not have to be limited to vehicle uses, and should be more human-scale to provide better mobility for non-motorized users and pedestrians .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 34 Exhibit 30 Pontiac, 2013 Land Use Map

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C Palms P The information provided herewith has been compiled from recorded deeds, plats, tax maps, surveys and other public records. It is not a legally recorded map or survey and is not intended to be used as one. Users should consult the information sources mentioned above when questions arise.

2013 Land Use City of Pontiac

Municipal Boundary Single Family, 1 to 2.5 Acres Multiple Family Recreation/Conservation L. Brooks Patterson County Executive Agricultural Single Family, 14,000 to 43,559 sq. ft. Mobile Home Park Transportation/Utility/Communication Executive Office Building 2100 Pontiac Lake Road, Bldg. 41W Single Family, Greater than 10 acres Single Family, 8,000 to 13,999 sq. ft. Commercial/Office Vacant Map Created on February 14, 2013 Waterford, MI 48328-0412 Single Family, 5 to 10 acres Single Family, Less than 8,000 sq. ft. Industrial Extractive Miles 248.858.0721 Single Family, 2.5 to 5 acres S.F. More than one unit per parcel Public/Institutional Water 0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 www.AdvantageOakland.com

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 35 Exhibit 31 Pontiac, 2013 Land Use Statistics

This Oakland County land use data has been compiled from recorded deeds, plats, tax maps, surveys, assessing records and other public records.

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 36 Chapter 6: Transportation

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 37 Transportation

Chapter 6

Road Jurisdiction Overview Public roads in Pontiac are under the juris- Pontiac’s transportation network is primarily diction of one of three agencies: the City of vehicular and motorized with streets and roads Pontiac (COP), the Road Commission for as the main transportation routes . Pedestrian Oakland County (RCOC), or the Michigan and non-motorized transportation has not been Department of Transportation (MDOT) . MDOT developed in conjunction with the motorized has jurisdiction over State Trunklines as they network . Therefore, pedestrians and non-mo- pass through the City . These roads include: torized transportation alternatives are currently Veterans Memorial Freeway (M-59), Wood- limited to the Clinton River Trail west of down- ward Avenue (M-1), Telegraph Road (US-24), town and the existing sidewalk network . Perry Street (Business 75), Cesar Chavez (Business 24) and University Drive from M-59 Vehicular Circulation to Woodward . The road network in Pontiac is developed in a loose radial pattern,centered on the terminus The RCOC has jurisdiction over County of Woodward Avenue (M-1), and the Veterans Primary Roads, which includes only the road Memorial Freeway/Huron Street (M-59) in the through the County government complex off Downtown area . Woodward Avenue (M-1) of Telegraph Road, and Opdyke Road . connects the City of Pontiac with other key areas of southern Oakland County, including The City has jurisdiction over all remaining Birmingham, Royal Oak, Ferndale, and further roads within the community and for the pur- continues southward to Downtown Detroit . poses of Act 51, they are classified as City Further, Veterans Memorial Freeway/Huron Major Roads and City Local Roads . In all Street connects the City to Interstate 75 . there are 70 miles of City Major Roads and 159 miles of City Local Roads . The northern terminus of Telegraph Road (US-24) is located within the City, which pro- Complete Streets vides further connection to southern Oakland Complete streets, as defined by the National County (including the City of Southfield) and Complete Streets Coalition, are “designed Wayne County . Woodward Avenue becomes and operated to enable safe access for all a five lane, one-way loop around Downtown users . Pedestrians, bicyclists, motorists and Pontiac formerly called Wide Track Drive . public transportation users of all ages and abilities are able to safely move along and In addition to the roads noted above, other ma- across a complete street .” 1 jor north-south roads in the community include Opdyke, Baldwin and Joslyn . Both Baldwin “There is no one design prescription for com- and Joslyn Roads lead north towards Auburn plete streets . Ingredients that may be found Hills and the Great Lakes Crossing regional on a complete street include: sidewalks, bike mall . Other major east-west roads in the com- lanes (or wide paved shoulders), special bus munity include South Boulevard, Walton Boule- lanes, comfortable and accessible public vard, and Auburn Road . University Drive leads 1 National Complete Streets Coalition . http://www . eastward to the Oakland University Campus . completestreets .org/complete-streets-fundamentals/

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 38 transportation stops, frequent crossing op- a response to the obesity “epidemic .” portunities, median islands, accessible pe- Literature shows that states with higher destrian signals, curb extensions, and more . levels of bicycling and walking also have A complete street in a rural area will look quite a greater percentage of adults who meet different from a complete street in a highly the recommended 30-plus minutes of daily urban area . But both are designed to balance physical activity 3. safety and convenience for everyone using • Improve economic health . A balanced the road ”. 2 transportation system that includes complete streets can bolster economic In both the Downtown Pontiac Transportation growth and stability by providing Assessment outreach and public input pro- accessible and efficient connections cess for the Master Plan update, Pontiac resi- between residences, schools, parks, dents have repeatedly stressed their desire to public transportation, offices, and retail improve pedestrian conditions and non-motor- destinations . ized connectivity throughout the City . • Improve Safety . Attention to travel speed and facilities for all modes can Developing a Complete Streets policy and help improve safety . Separated lanes, ordinance, a Pontiac Non-Motorized Trans- crosswalks, pedestrian refuge medians, portation Plan and identifying appropriate and pedestrian walk signals are all road section profiles that accommodate all measures that may help improve safety . users will ensure that Pontiac will become a Depending on the type of measure truly pedestrian-friendly community . All future implemented and speed reductions street improvements should be based upon achieved, traffic calming has reduced complete street principles . The majority of the collisions by 20% to 70% .4 Complete Streets Section beginning below • Expand the efficiency of transportation is taken directly from the Pontiac Downtown modes . Streets that provide travel choices Transportation Assessment Appendix - C . can increase the overall capacity of the transportation network and move people Benefits of Complete Streets more efficiently.5 On a project-by-project Complete streets offer many benefits to com- level, a holistic approach to incorporating munities from economic, environmental and all modes can reduce the need to retrofit social perspectives. These benefits extend to streets at a later date, which saves all members of the population from children to valuable time and resources .6 the elderly . They can also involve cost fac- • Enhance safety for children and the tors . Experience has demonstrated the impor- elderly. Complete streets are beneficial tance of identifying the benefits and costs of for all segments of the population, but complete streets when considering policies, particularly for children and the elderly . guidelines and specific projects, and to com- Youth under age 16 ride bicycles more municate these benefits and costs to the com- than any other segment of the population .7 munity. The following benefits are drawn from a number of existing literature sources: 3 Alliance for Biking and Walking, Bicycling and Walk- ing in the US 2012 Benchmarking Report, 2012 . • Encourage walking and bicycling . In Page 18 . addition to the obvious transportation, 4 Ernst, M . and Shoup, L . Dangerous By Design . 2009 . Page 9 . energy and environmental benefits of 5 ITE Recommended Practice, Designing Walkable walking and bicycling as an alternative Urban Thoroughfares: A Context Sensitive Approach . to motorized travel, public health experts 2010 . Page 29 . 6 National Complete Streets Coalition: www .complet- are encouraging walking and bicycling estreets org. as a way of improving health, including 7 Alliance for Biking and Walking, Bicycling and Walk- ing in the US 2010 Benchmarking Report, 2010 . 2 Ibid Page 12 .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 39 Thus, it is important to provide a safe and well-connected network for children to get to school by walking and bicycling . Mobility for National Complete Streets Coalition’s the elderly is an increasing need, particularly 10 Key Principles 1 . Set the vision for those without access to a vehicle or for 2 . Accommodate all legal roadway users those who feel less safe driving .8 3 . Emphasize interconnected networks • Protect the environment . Walking, 4 . Address all roadways and interjurisdic- bicycling and taking transit are no or low- tional issues emission options for traveling . Statistics 5 . Integrate into all project types show that by using transit instead of driving 6 . Define process for exceptions to work, a commuter can reduce their 7 . Integrate best practices carbon-dioxide emissions by 20 pounds per 8 . Context-sensitive design day, or more than 4,800 pounds per year .9 9 . Establish performance standards 10 .Develop an implementation plan Key Principles: The following provide the basis for a local program that sets forth more specific goals and actions considering local contexts, traveling needs, and demographics . Travel Route 1 . Provide a Variety of Travel Routes . Those Improvements walking or biking are more likely to do Travel route improvements are those that will so when they feel safe and comfortable . increase awareness of pathway locations, Therefore, a variety of routes should provide a more fulfilling experience for users, be provided so non-motorized facilities or that will improve the physical environment, are planned along streets with travel comfort and safety of all users . conditions that would naturally attract such activity . This involves providing Signage and Pavement Markings connections to adjacent neighborhoods, Signage and pavement markings are most re-routing bike traffic to secondary roads, commonly used to identify crosswalk loca- or designing roadside facilities that include tions . Use of pavement markings are being buffers and other elements to improve expanded to define areas designated for spe- comfort levels . cific users, such as painting of bike and bus 2 . Provide for Safe Travel Along the Street . lanes, staggered stop bars, and warning mes- A variety of options may be considered to sages . They are especially common due to facilitate non-motorized and transit travel, their low cost . Textured concrete or alternative in addition to moving vehicular traffic. materials can also be used to provide tactile Depending on the context, bike lanes, indicators for those with visibility limitations . cycle tracks, sidewalks and pathways can all assist in moving pedestrian and bicycle Wayfinding traffic. Wayfinding should be simple to understand, 3 . Provide for Safe Travel Across the Street . and clearly direct traffic to desired destina- Where travel along the street is often tions . considered in non-motorized planning, it is often the travel across the street that can Bike Boulevards deter non-motorized activity . Bike boulevards and neighborhood connec- tors can be used to connect residential areas to commercial centers and other destina- 8 AARP Public Policy Institute Planning Complete Streets for an Aging America . May 2009 . Page 3 . tions . Bike boulevards are most prevalent on 9 McCann and Rynne, Complete Streets: Best Policy low speed, low volume roads and provide an and Implementation Practices . 2010 . Page 6 .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 40 alternative route to high volume roads which These principles should be used to guide may be intimidating to pedestrians and bicy- street reconstruction, renovation and new clists. They can provide an element of traffic construction . Going forward, these design calming by narrowing the roadway, provid- principles will provide a template the City ing speed tables and pavement markings . should use to guide these activities . These Bike boulevards often include landscaped design principles and recommended tem- diverters, traffic circles and other elements, plates are not intended to be constructed like signal activation strips and advance stop immediately, rather they are to be used as a bars that help prioritize bicycle traffic on local guideline for rebuilding streets when they are roads . reconstructed (either as part of scheduled, on-going maintenance, or as a result of reconstruction due to other infrastructure activity) . Context Sensitive Solutions Recommendations Other improvements can be made to match • Adopt a Pontiac Complete Streets the facilities provided to the local context . Ordinance . Context-sensitive solutions are those that im- • Develop engineering specifications for prove the comfort and experience of users so on-lane bike lanes, separated bicycle that they feel safe and are encouraged to use tracks and bicycle boulevards, and shared modes other than their personal vehicle . roadways . • Develop a Pontiac Non-Motorized Plan Transit Stop Connections that identifies the specific routes, facilities, Providing accessible connections to and ame- amenities and implementation schedule for nities at transit stop locations can improve sidewalks and both on-road and off-road ridership . bicycle facilities .

Bicycle Parking Bicycle parking is needed at key destina- Downtown Pontiac tions throughout the community to encourage Transportation bicycling as a mode of transportation . The Assessment safety, location, and type of bicycle parking The purpose of this study is to improve the facility is important to encouraging cyclists to connectivity between downtown Pontiac, the use it . Parking should be located where it is adjacent neighborhoods, and the broader close to entrances, have metal framing that is community by adapting the Woodward Loop secured to the ground, and allow for bicycle transportation network . This transportation frames to be locked to the rack in addition to network includes the street, sidewalk, and front wheels . bike path system . It is envisioned that adapting the network will improve livability and the long term economic health of the downtown Street Standards and and surrounding neighborhoods . Design Principles All City streets should be constructed or re- Oakland County Planning & Economic Devel- constructed using Complete Street principles, opment Services, in partnership with the City using the sample street profiles and cross of Pontiac, applied for and was awarded a sections as a guideline for street standards . grant from the TIGER II program of the United These standards are based upon “Complete States Department of Transportation (US- Street” principles and best traffic management DOT) in October 2010, from which this study practices . is funded . The Downtown Transportation

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 41 Assessment report summarizes the downtown isolated from the adjacent neighborhoods and project process and recommendations that surrounding communities . Additionally, there arose from the assessment . are no adequately signed, or appropriately treated, entrances to downtown Pontiac from In short, the report recommended that the the Loop . Woodward Loop be converted to two-way traffic, in keeping with the recommendations of the Public Involvement 2008 Pontiac Master Plan . The report also in- The Public Involvement Report (Appendix B cludes recommendations for complete streets, of the Downtown Pontiac Transportation As- and street profiles as well as a timeline for sessment) documents Oakland County’s and implementation . All of these recommendations the City of Pontiac’s commitment to public are included in this Transportation Chapter . involvement and identifies the array of public involvement activities focused on informing Project background the broad range of stakeholders at specific In the middle of the 20th Century, the vi- stages during the study. The report identifies sion for growth in the region and the need to the methods relied upon to invite public inquiry increase automobile throughput surrounding and comment . A comprehensive outreach pro- Pontiac drove the design of the Woodward gram was used to inform residents and project Loop . However, demographics and economic stakeholders of the study’s progress questions conditions changed and traffic has decreased and comments reviewed as part of the deci- along this arterial . Today, rather than connect- sion-making process . Since February 2012, ing Pontiac’s neighborhoods and destinations, over 400 stakeholders including residents and as a key transportation corridor should, the nearly 30 groups have participated in the Proj- Loop segregates downtown Pontiac from sur- ect Advisory Team (PAT), Community Advisory rounding communities – hindering economic Group (CAG), community workshops, plan- growth, cutting off downtown from surround- ning charrette and other local meetings . ing neighborhoods, and leaving small residential pockets isolated from community context Oakland County has presented the project and amenities . findings and recommended improvements to the Pontiac City Council, Pontiac Down- Early in this Downtown Transportation As- town Business Association, Pontiac Planning sessment, the Pontiac community identified Commission and to numerous Pontiac groups the Loop as a major barrier to both access including, Golden Opportunity Club, Pastoral and activity in downtown Pontiac . The four Alliance and Rotary . lane built right-of-way is a physical barrier to pedestrians . The one-way direction of the The evaluation methodology in the Public In- Loop promotes high-speed travel, and in volvement Plan was divided into three evalua- some areas makes it difficult and confusing tion stages, with three community workshops: for motorists to access the Downtown . The • Explain the study and identify alternatives Loop is a roadway that circles Downtown for the Woodward Loop–March 17, 2012 Pontiac in a counter clockwise direction . • Three day charrette to refine the These two four-lane, one-way arterials are alternatives–June 11-13, 2012 very effective at moving traffic quickly around • Present the recommended improvements– downtown Pontiac; however the configura- September 26, 2012 tion forces motorists to go out of their way and double-back to access Downtown . A Prior to the public meetings and at key stages series of one-way streets and limited wayfind- in the project schedule, the PAT held five ing further hinder access . The result is that meetings to brief Oakland County, MDOT, a once vibrant economic center has become SEMCOG, and other agencies . Additionally,

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 42 Community Advisory Group (CAG) meetings remaining, feasible alternatives were recom- were held open to the public seven times at mended to the public at the charrette/ the Crofoot in downtown Pontiac . An agency Public Meeting #2: meeting was held on September 26, 2012, • Woodward Two Way with Road Diet, in the morning prior to Public Workshop #3 . Saginaw Reconnected (Alt . 7 or A) Project updates and public meeting presenta- • Woodward Two Way with “Local” and tions were posted at www .pontiaclivability .org . “Main” Routes, Saginaw Reconnected (10 or B) Public survey and comment forms were provided at Public Meetings #1, #2 and #3 . On June 26, 2012, alternative (Alt . 10 or B) The same survey was also made available at was recommended to the CAG . The map and other meetings and on the project web site . graphic of the recommended alternative is on As of October 5, 2012, more than 180 surveys the following page . have been collected . Survey respondents supported the following objectives: Recommended Improvements • Make it easier and safer for pedestrians to Alternative 10 or B was chosen as ‘the Rec- cross Woodward ommended Alternative’ from the original 11 • Improve sidewalks and bike paths alternatives developed . The Recommended • Improve the connection between the Alternative is a balanced improvement that neighborhoods and downtown serves the needs of all including Pontiac, the • Improve transit State, surrounding communities, DBA, and • Convert the Loop to two-way traffic neighborhoods . The Recommended Alterna- • Connect Saginaw to the Loop tive consists of: • A two-way conversion of the entire Objectives derived from meetings include: Woodward Loop • Improve navigation for drivers into and out • a four-to five-lane cross section on the of downtown west side serving as a through route • Improve accessibility to the downtown, • a two-to three- lane cross section with as the Loop serves the interest of pass parking (where appropriate) on the through drivers better than local drivers east side serving as a local street . This type of facility fits the downtown and neighborhood context and functions Woodward Loop as a local street with an on-road cycle Alternatives track and some on-street parking . A total of 11 Woodward Alternatives were • Enhanced bicycle and pedestrian initially developed based on previous plans amenities and stakeholder and public input received at • completion of the sidewalk network Public Meeting #1 . The alternatives included • two-way on-road cycle track on east variations of the following options: side • One-way (as it exists) • two-way shared use path on the west • Partial two-way Loop side • Convert whole Loop to two-way • addition of a narrow landscaped • Remove the Loop median • rerouting the Clinton River Trail through Based on the analysis, three alternatives were downtown Pontiac using Pike Street feasible and remained for further study . In • Connection of Wesson Street across May 2012, based on broad stakeholder input, Woodward Avenue the PAT, the CAG and a detailed traffic analy- • Creation of a “Gateway” at the southern sis, one alternative was eliminated . The two end of the Woodward Loop

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 43 Exhibit 32 shows the minimum number of traffic to stay on Woodward Avenue, while through travel lanes required on each section creating a gateway entrance via Parke Street to accommodate the 2035 traffic on the net- and Saginaw Street . The 90-degree right turn work (each lane is represented by an arrow), onto Parke Street will serve to slow traffic and as well as proposed locations for the cycle modify driver behavior as they transition from track, and areas requiring reconstruction to the through route to the local route along the implement the recommendations . Concep- east side of the Loop . tual cross sections were developed for each unique portion of the existing Woodward Loop . It is also proposed that Wesson Street be extended across Woodward Avenue to Parke The Recommended Alternative could be Street to improve the grid system in the implemented with or without changes to Sagi- southern downtown area and improve ac- naw Street . For the purposes of the Recom- cess to the parcels for potential development . mended Alternative, the west side of the Loop Traffic volumes were not available for Wesson is referred to as Woodward Avenue, and the Street, so this connection was not included east side is referred to as Parke Street . Parke in the travel demand forecasting model or Street is proposed in reference to the C Synchro traffic models. Wesson Street has ity street that existed in this location before the an at-grade railroad crossing west of Wood- Loop was completed in the 1960s . ward Avenue . Building this connection would increase the accessibility to the southern All the proposed modifications to Woodward portion of downtown Pontiac . The southern Avenue are expected to fit within the existing gateway lies across the street from the newly right-of-way, with the exception of the extend- renovated AMTRAK Station . Long term plans ed 400 foot right-turn storage length needed for the southern portion of Downtown includes for southbound Woodward Avenue at West the potential for Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), en- Huron Street . hancing the notion that the Southern Gateway could be a regional transit-connected node . Downtown - Southern Gateway This BRT station should be part of downtown Recommendation with easy access to the existing AMTRAK With Woodward Avenue converted for two-way station . With improved access, visibility, and traffic around the Loop, the southern connec- a stop for both rail and BRT, this area could tion would need to be rebuilt . A number of become a strong gateway into Pontiac from concepts, including a roundabout and more the south . traditional intersection configurations, were explored during the three day charrettes (Pub- lic Meeting #2) . A traditional three-legged “T” Public Transit intersection was recommended. A traffic signal SMART warrant analysis would need to be performed Public Transit is provided by the Suburban to determine if this intersection should be Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation signalized . Exhibit 32 show the existing and (SMART). SMART bus provides fixed route proposed geometry in this area . transit in Oakland, Macomb and Wayne Coun- ties that connects to Midtown and Downtown The through route on Woodward Avenue (on Detroit . As shown in Exhibit 33 . the west side of the Loop) remains straight, to help keep through traffic flowing. Parke The primary SMART station/transfer point is Street, the narrower “local” road on the east located on Water Street, in front of the Phoe- side would curve around and meet Woodward nix Center . The “depot” consists of two small Avenue as a T-intersection at the southern shelters. This is a high traffic transit stop and gateway . This design will encourage through the current location and configuration of the

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 44 Exhibit 32 Preferred Alternative - Pontiac Downtown Transportation Assessment

site is problematic for transit users, downtown generally running hourly between 6 am and 8 businesses and customers . pm with reduced hours on weekends . The 756 route is only Monday through Saturday service Currently, SMART provides six different and the 465 service is Monday through Friday fixed routes that service a portion of the City. and only operates during rush hours . Route 752 is a loop connecting Downtown with the Oakland County Government Cen- SMART also provides curb-to-curb trips of ter, Baldwin and Downtown Pontiac; Route less than ten miles within the county, to any 753 provides service between the Phoenix suburb that is a member of the SMART bus Center and Great Lakes Crossing; Route 756 system . This does not include opt-out com- provides service between Oakland University munities or the City of Detroit . You may obtain and Downtown Pontiac; Route 465 provides a transfer from a Connector to a Fixed Route service between the eastern edge of the City bus or from Fixed Route to Connector bus . If (Opdyke Road), Auburn Hills and Troy; Route you live outside the SMART service area and 275 connects Downtown Pontiac and South- can secure a ride to a pick-up address within field; Route 450 is the Woodward Avenue local the service area, SMART will pick you up from service, connecting Pontiac and Downtown there . The same holds true at the destination Detroit . Service hours are currently limited, end of the trip .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 45 Exhibit 33 SMART 2014 Transit Routes

Bordman Bordman Bordman Memphis MEMPHIS City Offices M-53 Pratt Omo

37 Mile North Ave. Stoddard Weber Capac Wahl Cryderman Dequindre

Irwin M-19 36 Mile Brown

School Section Andrews McFadden Earl Memorial BRUCE School Section TOWNSHIP ARMADA TOWNSHIP ARMADA Big Hand 34 Mile 34 Mile Armada Ridge 34 Mile

Romeo Plank e Trail g hard id Orc R 33 Mile omb a Mac d North Ave. 33 Mile a Mac m omb 33 Mile Ar O RICHMOND rch ard Tr TOWNSHIP ail RICHMOND Romeo ROMEO 32 Mile 32 Mile SYSTEM MAP 32 Mile Richmond M-19 City Offices Rochester

Dequindre 31 Mile Y. 31 Mile W

Effective: January 6, 2014 H

Camp Ground A I LENOX

R O RAY TOWNSHIP TOWNSHIP M

E Lowe Plank

Clarkston M

30 Mile

Mound 30 Mile L

North Macomb Services County Line (866) 962-5515 29 Mile WASHINGTON 29 Mile Several transit services are available north of Hall Road to connect you to many Macomb County TOWNSHIP communities and SMART fixed routes. M-19

• SMART Connector service is a curb-to-curb, Haven Ridge Van Dyke 28 Mile Baldwin Waldon 28 Mile smartbus.org advance reservation service open to the

Romeo Plank general public. For more information or to Bramblewood

Joslyn schedule a ride, call (866) 962-5515 Hayes Pinewood Stony Creek • Locally operated Community Transit: Huck's Market Place 27 Mile il Metropark a r Havenridge T • Richmond/Lenox EMS offers Community d & Division r a h Transit and Assisted Medical Transportation NEW c M-53 r O

b Call (586) 749-7713 HAVEN m

o Schoenherr c Brown 26 Mile a 26 Mile • STAR Transportation: Call (586) 752-9010 26 MMile Marine City Hwy. M Target Meijer Great Lakes Van Dyke • Shelby/Utica: Call (586) 739-7540 Quail Run Crossing 753 Palace of M-19 Harmon Auburn Hills Great Lakes Crossing Dr. County Line

75 P 25 Mile 25 Mile 25 Mile 753 a in 25 Mile t 94 C Baldwin Lapeer r e NEW e SHELBY k

T Baldwin ra BALTIMORE Medical il TOWNSHIP Card Washington AUBURN 24 Mile 24 Mile 24 Mile PONTIAC Walton Blvd. ra HILLS Walton Blvd. er T il D North Hill Riv ix Farms Apts. ty n ie i into Carriage Way H Columbia E. Columbia rs Cl MACOMB w ve i Shelby Pkwy. Target y 752 Un Walmart . Oakland University Mound TOWNSHIP Green Cherry Hill Chrysler Livernois Meijer 23 Mile K Baldwin 23 Mile 560 752 enne 756 Technology 510

Oakland County tt 756 Main

Baker Center 23 Mile 23 Mile 565 Scott Lake Service Center e

Joslyn College k

Oakland Blvd. Perry y

752 d Adams 753 p CHESTERFIELD O 465 M-53 Pontiac Lake d l Jefferson 752 Featherstone Chrysler Dr. 22 Mile 22 Mile i O.L.H.S.A. 756 h TOWNSHIP Oakland 465 c mlin r Pointe Ha i H a

a F Cooley l m Shelby O.C.C. rai M-59 lin Elizabeth L Law School T North Ave. ak Auburn iver 515 752 e PHOENIX Hills n R Summit Dr. M-59 to CENTER in 510 Schoenherr Cl John R LAKESIDE 21 Mile Gratiot 21 Mile CENTER

275 275 450 Rochester Huron Doctors' Auburn 465 510 530

Hospital 752 753 Opdyke Auburn 550 94 Garfield of Michigan l 756 Auburn Romeo Plank Trai Utica Sugar Bush er Shelby Walmart v Crooks Ri Greyhound/ Van Dyke Park Place Manor Meijer on Ryan int Amtrak 465 Macomb Community Cl Station M-59 UTICA College Center M L King

Telegraph Squirrel 510 Campus South Blvd. South Blvd. M-59 Hall Partridge Hall 560 William P. Rosso Hwy. St. Joseph South Blvd. Creek Mall VerKuilen Clinton Hospital 550 Building 565 e il GM Valley 550 Lak a Henry Ford d Tr Truck and 75 Beaumont Canal ar Macomb h ld Bloomfield Bus 75 Hospital - Troy M-53 ARC rc e Hospital O fi Town Square 450 m 19 Mile o 530 19 Mie lo B Square Lake Macomb/ C t Square Lake as es Ford Oakland s Henry Ford Selfridge W 515 A Motor Regional ve Macomb Hospital Air National Guard Co. Center nu Gratiot Adams Hayes Base Meadowbrook CLINTON e Woodward Ave. 275 Long Lake Plaza Rochester 18 Mile MOUNT Utica 18 Mile TOWNSHIP L on 465 River g NON-STOP CLEMENS rth STERLING Schoenherr Lake No John R Crosswinds Mall TROY HEIGHTS Macomb HARRISON Cl Garfield Academy Dequindre in Livernois Wattles to McLaren-Macomb Crocker Blvd. n Medical Center TOWNSHIP d Trail Telegraph R oomfiel Pine BLOOMFIELD iv Cl West Bl Lone 17 Mile e 17 Mile in ay Regent Street Crooks Walsh r to kw Coolidge Plumbrook n ar Assisted Living SOMERSET Troy College Chrysler R P way Tra Lake West TOWNSHIP Apartments iv ro ark il Lake St. Clair Center Lone Pine COLLECTION Civic Assembly Van Dyke er et P Bloomfield 430 ar S M tro Metropark 430 460 Center 475 ITT Technical Plant ill pi e t Kroger Ryan l M High School l M WEST Institute Bethesda lw e 465 780 Christian a y b Quarton Big Beaver 16 Mile Metro Parkway St. Clair

e Woodward Ave. 550 B l Church BLOOMFIELD Quarton ik 635 d Troy e Big Beaver 465 Target Metro Parkway Trail P d 475 a i Post 495 Chrysler Meijer th

TOWNSHIP Mound M Office W 75 Stamping Utica Orchard aln 450 580 Jewish ut Kirts Blv Plant Sterling Hts. Orchard Lake Mall Lake d . High School Community Adams 780 430 Baker 565 Covington Center Maple Maple Maple 460 Maple Chicago 15 Mile Moravian College 15 Mile 475 Jefferson 405 780 445 780 780 780 780 610 94 n Midtown Walmart International 15 Mile Old 465 Square k Amtrak Academy of Orchard nkli Station Design & 780 Oakland 510 Meijer M-5 a oo Meijer Henry Ford Shopping r r Technology Park

Medical Center Center F b 415/420 FRASER

WALLED Lincoln n Towers 494 Garfield

a Gratiot Deanhurst r Beaumont Crooks Hayes BIRMINGHAM 760 Main 760 Walmart h

C Medical CLAWSON Delemere 14 Mile 14 Mile LAKE 14 Mile p 550 a 420 760 760 r 14 Mile g OAKLAND Arts Academy Macomb e MALL l BEVERLY 445/475 in the Woods Mall Harper e Normandy Whitc 851 BINGHAM 495 760 om Schoenherr 405 T Beverly Hills 760 b 615 Farmington HILLS WARREN Kmart Masonic Inkster City Hall 415 780 Masonic St. Clair Shores Drake FARMS CVS FRANKLIN ROYAL 515 Hoover 610 Memorial Park Rochester 13 Mile Northwestern Hwy 760 760 760 740 O.C.C. 760 OAK 13 Mile 13 Mile ORCHARD 13 Mile Southfield 13 Mile Utica RIDGE Plaza 740 Beaumont John R CAMPUS Crooks 430 75 Madison Meijer 275 Hospital Van Dyke ROSEVILLE Halstead Wayne State Heights Senior Dequindre 400 740 450/460 Warren 530 University Northwood Webster Center GM Tech Gratiot 580 Oakland 851 Shopping Kmart Rite Aid Center Civic Center 635 420 Campbell Evergreen Lahser Haggerty

Greenfield 12 Mile 12 Mile Center 12 Mile 12 Mile Center ROYAL OAK 12 Mile 740 740 405 275 740 465 TRANSIT 740 740 740 Meijer/ CENTER Tel-Twelve 430 450 St. John M-Tec BERKLEY 495 St. John Macomb Roseville 610

Coolidge Oakland

494 Harper M-5 Center 445/475 851 Franklin 275 460 465 740 Martin Macomb Community Plaza 740 Sisters Catalpa Hospital Martin College South 620 696 of Mercy 696 740 465 730 740 Davenport Tacom Hospital FARMINGTON High School 405 460 University 560 615 400 11 Mile Central Park 415 11 Mile 11 Mile 11 Mile 400 NON-STOP 730 740 730 740 730 Farmington Hills Greyhound 696 696 565 St. Clair Shores M HILLS City Hall 11 Mile Southfield Amtrak Boarding -5 Station 405 Lincoln 696 City Hall

Bonaventure Berg 400 Civic Center Center Station Eastgate Family HUNTINGTON740 730 Frazho Frazho Center Skating Center 450 ST. CLAIR American Dr. O.C.C. Tel-Ex 275 Southfield MADISON Civic Center Dr. 730 Royal Oak Super 94 Shopping WOODS Groesbeck Highway Kmart

CENTER LINE Little Mack Grand River Ave. 10 Mile Center 10 Mile Detroit Zoo HEIGHTS 696 10 Mile 10 Mile SHORES

Orchard Lake 730 730 730 730

330 10 Mile 805 Lawrence Hazel Park Center Line Jefferson Farmington Technological 851 420 PLEASANT Race Track City Hall Kelly

City Hall Southfield Stephens Stephens University l O.C.C. OAK

h High School 415

r Southfield RIDGE k West River p

T 405 c

a Hazel Park Harper Hayes Campus Hoover 730

Shopping r PARK o FARMINGTON 450/460 Gratiot a

g FERNDALE City Hall 9 Mile Center 9 Mile 9 Mile M

e 400 l 710 710 710 710 r

e 9 Mile M-5 Providence e T 445/475 420 Hospital t 805 710 a 275 Metr EASTPOINTE 610 405 Southeast 530 e I- 400 ROYAL OAK HAZEL r Middlebelt

Halstead 465 495 Michigan G Gateway Mound Botsford 275 SOUTHFIELD 415 Surgical Kelly Grand River Ave.Hospital NORTHLAND TOWNSHIP Marketplace PARK Hospital 580 8 Mile CENTER 415/420 8 Mile 8 Mile 510 Farmington 400 415 710 415/420 494 8 Mile 610 620 State Fair Bel Air 8 Mile 635 405 420 851 415/420 Transit 330 275 Center Shopping 560 615 275 8 Mile & Center Eastland Grosse 495 Schoenherr Woodward Ave. State Fair Outer Dr. Van Dyke Shopping Center Pointe Shores 330 565 City Hall 7 Mile LODGE FWY. Van Dyke 7 Mile Vernier 275 7 Mile 7 Mile HARPER Mack

75 Dequindre Redford Social 510 Harper GROSSE Security Office Woods Grosse Pointe John R WOODS Woods City Hall 805 515 Greiner City Hall POINTE Harper Evergreen 730 ols 450/460 ich St. John GROSSE SHORES cN . 6 Mile Inkster 6 Mile W. McNichols E. McNichols E. M Hospital r 530 D POINTE Highland Park 610 e HIGHLAND r Community H. S. o SOUTHFIELD FWY. 560 WOODS h REDFORD S Moross Lahser Merriman Beech Daly Grand River Ave. PARK Model T Plaza e Telegraph k TOWNSHIP Livernois Highland Park 565 a

Newburgh 851 Moran 620 L 580 Place 5 Mile Aubrey 5 Mile DAVISON FWY. Fisher Cottage Cadieux Hospital Greenfield Manchester Outer Dr. GROSSE Lyndon DETROIT Mount Elliott Harper Ave. Outer Dr. 805 445/475

Farmington Lyndon 330 HAMTRAMCK EDSEL FORD FWY. Maryland POINTE Gratiot E. Warren Ave. Schoolcraft 450/460 96 610 FARMS 465 Canfield 635 JE 96 620 Charlevoix Beaumont 275 F Woodward Ave. Hospital F C RI 805 LODGE FWY. Conner ES H FWY. R . Kercheval Plymouth Y Y E. Warren Grosse Pointe Plymouth S W D F Park City Hall GROSSE L R 510 E FO R Chrysler POINTE Amtrak Grand River Ave. F Mack Ave. Plant A W. Chicago W. Chicago Station W 515 GROSSE nn Hines D 805 Henry Ford Y A r. W. Chicago . rb Hospital o Inkster 610 530 POINTE Telegraph r R Beech Daly Tr i Joy E. Grand Blvd. ail v Joy Joy JEFFRIES FWY. 851 Charlevoix e r 805 DIA PARK 560

R Wayne DMC/ o VA Hospital Kercheval WESTLAND u . DEARBORN W. Grand Blvd.State E. Jefferson Wayne g Dr Tireman e s University Cass Ave. 560 Gratiot Gat ne 330 Schaefer 250 e i SOUTHFIELD FWY. 565 Westland w H HEIGHTS Riv 510/515 610 ay G er 805 Center r Middlebelt Hine Ro

s u Wyoming e D g Warren Ave. Evergreen W. Warren e r e W. Warren 255 John R. n . w 280 FAIRLANE 610 250 a y G 580 Warren a TOWN CENTER W. Grand Blvd. 851 Dequindre Cut 250 280 te 96 Garden w 140 200 250 Greenway 620 a City y Meijer Garden City City Hall Hospital G Dearborn Oakman Blvd. . re Y 805 635 Venoy e Ice Skating Center 275 nwa Fairlane FW 280 Target y FORD 805 75 610 North Mercury Dr. SEL 250 250 330 250 ED 830 255 200 255 280 255 Ford Michigan Ave. 255 Ford Ford Henry Ford Fairlane Lonyo Community Meadows Livernois Westland Knights of Columbus Dearborn Heights College Michigan Ave.Davenport General Motors City Hall Community Center r. 250 D Hubbard University 830 Headquarters r

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o See Midtown and Downtown r Station 94 et 200 Dix Ave. 275 Dearborn Detroit Maps above M Enterprise 140 Civic Center Fort 5 7 FISHER FWY. for detailed routing. 2 S - INKSTER Westborn o I Palmer 280 The Henry ut Ford World For the most up-to-date route and schedule information, customers should call (866) 962-5515 Merriman Ford h Headquarters DEARBORN Michigan Ave. Beech f ie S Westend l c d h

a F e Legend or visit smartbus.org. Need help planning your trip? Visit us on the web and let the SMART Trip 200 140 w f Fort Monroe e

owe y L . r r Rotunda R Oakwood H Main Corridor Route Planner do it for you! o WAYNE w uge Hospital Fairlane Dr. 125 R y Frequent service in i John Hix Michigan Ave. v er Re il . cre Tra Fairlane . 830 n Suburban Communities at ion 200 Oa Blvd o Carlysle Outer Dr.Green kw od rs o e Inkster Ford Middlebelt f Main Corridor Route Annapolis f SMART Routes Truck Beech Daly e Y. J Peak hour service in Detroit Plant MELVINDALE FW . 140 Cooli W ER dge Van Born Van Born Baker H Community Route S 125 Fort Street / Eureka Road 450 Woodward Local / Pontiac 615 Jefferson Telegraph College I S F RIVER Circulates within communities Van Born o u 94 ROMULUS th ROUGE Crosstown Route 140 Southshore 460 Woodward Local / Somerset 620 Charlevoix fie V 275 ALLEN ld Allen isg Operates between suburbs er O Sears Dix-Hwy. u r connecting to main corridor routes 160 Downriver 465 Auburn Hills Limited 635 Jefferson Express Ecorse Ecorse PARK t Ruff e y 280 Fort r nr Ecorse D e Commuter Route He Wal Mart 140 r. ECORSE 200 Michigan Avenue Local 475 Troy Limited 710 Nine Mile Crosstown v Operates during peak/rush i 94 TAYLOR Southfield 125 hours only

Merriman R 250 Ford Road 494 Dequindre 730 Ten Mile Crosstown Park & Ride Route Wick t i Serves P&R lots, expresses to/from 255 Ford Road Express 495 John R 740 Twelve Mile Crosstown Wayne Wick Detroit, peak/rush hours only 75 o Inkster Lincoln Park LINCOLN r Selected Trip 275 Telegraph 510 Van Dyke Local 752 Pontiac / North Hill Farms Community Center t Rogell Dr. Pardee PARK Occasional trips that deviate from Pelham e 94 Goddard Beech Daly Goddard Meijer regular route 280 Middlebelt South 515 Van Dyke Limited 753 Pontiac / Baldwin Road Goddard North Terminal 125 D Moran Biddle Vining 830 125 New Haven/Chesterfield/ Taylor ard 330 Grand River / Beech Daly 530 Schoenherr 756 Pontiac / Perry / Opdyke City Hall Heritage Wayne County Godd 140 Lenox Shuttle DETROIT METRO Park Community College AIRPORT Downriver Campus Bike Trails 125 280 Harrison 400 Southfield / Orchard Ridge 550 Garfield 760 Thirteen Mile / Fourteen Mile Crosstown Telegraph

Dix-Hwy. WYANDOTTE Northline 275 160 Oakland Mall Shuttle 275 Northline Ford Ave. 405 Northwestern Highway 560 Gratiot Local 780 Fifteen Mile Crosstown Target Small bus that circulates within McNamara Racho 160 275 Terminal Meijer Henry Ford a designated service area SOUTHGATE Fort 415 Greenfield 565 Gratiot Limited 805 Grand River P & R Middlebelt 160 Hospital Eureka Eureka Eureka Somerset Shuttle John Dingell Dr. 125 125 Small bus that circulates within 420 Southfield 580 Harper 830 Downriver P & R Wayne Gibraltar Southtown Eureka a designated service area 125 SOUTHLAND Trade Center Crossing/ CENTER Walmart Meijer 125 160 Farmington & 430 Main Street / Big Beaver 610 Kercheval / Harper 851 W. Bloomfield / Farmington Hills P & R Trenton 275 Cambridge Farmington Hills Dial-A-Ride 75 Dix-Toledo 160 Pennsylvania Super Kmart Same-day service within 445 Maple & Telegraph Limited Pennsylvania Farmington and Farmington Hills Groesbeck Flex Route Service M-F 6:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. facebook.com/

Fort • smartbus.org • Service to/from bus stops and other (866) 962-5515 Sat 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. rideSMARTbus Vining locations within a designated area Sibley 830 160 Sibley Flex Route Bus Stop n RIVERVIEW o s r Merriman Telegraph e This bus system map serves as a general guide to bus routes operated by SMART. Consult individual f Major SMART Hub f e J King . schedules for detailed route information. Changes may occur on routes without notice. W Park & Ride Lot

Inkster TRENTON Medical Facilities

Van Horn

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 46 SMART provides ADA Service which mimics Non-Motorized available Fixed Route service in days and time of operation and will pick-up/drop-off Transportation within ¾ of a mile of each side of a Fixed The extensive public input generated as a Route . ADA trips are premium fare, $3 .00 part of the Pontiac Downtown Transportation each way and personal care attendants ride Assessment identified several important non- for free . motorized improvements as part of the Loop reconfiguration. These improvements mirror AMTRAK what was said during the numerous com- Rail service in Pontiac is provided by AM- munity meetings held during March and April TRAK via the station at the Pontiac Transpor- 2014 - there is a need for more non-motorized tation Center (51000 Woodward Avenue) and transportation alternatives and a big need for connects Pontiac with Chicago via the Wol- city-wide non-motorized improvements that in- verine route . In addition, this route has stops clude separated, off-road bike paths, on-road in Birmingham, Royal Oak, Detroit, Dearborn, bike lanes, bicycle boulevards and others . Ann Arbor, Jackson, Battle Creek and Kalam- Exhibit 34 depicts priority bicycle and non- azoo . The Wolverine has three daily depar- motorized routes, as identified by the public tures and arrivals in Pontiac . during the spring 2014 workshops .

The station, while recently completed, offers Recommendations few passenger amenities . The City should seek funding for the development of a Pontiac Non-Motorized Transporta- Recommendations tion Plan. Such a plan identifies the different Public transit services are limited for Pontiac types of and locations for non-motorized residents . Over 17% of households in Pontiac transportation enhancements . It also identi- have no access to a car and rely on either fies complete street design standards that can public transit or non-motorized transportation . become the City’s street engineering standard The hours, frequency and routes offered in detail . Pontiac are insufficient given the great need of residents for transit options . All new street replacement/improvements should include non-motorized transportation The City, neighborhood groups, non-profits enhancements . and major employers should continue to advocate for expanded service alternatives in Pontiac . Expanded hours and service along Walton Blvd . are two major short-term improvements that would provide a tremendous benefit for residents.

Additionally, the City and the Pontiac Down- town Business Association (PDBA) should work with SMART on a long-term plan for a permanent station/facility in downtown that accommodates both local buses and BRT .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 47 Exhibit 34 Priority Non-Motorized Routes Map Non-Motorized Routes Map City of Pontiac, Michigan

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City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 48 Chapter 7: Parks, Recreation and Natural Features

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 49 Parks, Recreation and Natural Features Chapter 7

Parks and Recreation Trim in April of 2011. After the field survey, recreation inventory tables were prepared Facilities and are provided on the following pages . The This section includes information directly from location of each recreation facility is shown on the Pontiac 2012-2016 Parks and Recreation the Recreation Inventory Map, Exhibit 35 . Master Plan . Rather than simply include this information by reference, this section contains City-Owned Parks or Facilities key sections of that Plan . For additional infor- In total, the City of Pontiac owns 29 public mation, the 2012-2016 Parks and Recreation parks and/or recreation facilities, totaling Master Plan is available online at 505 .82 acres of land . These include 9 com- http://www .pontiac .mi .us/council/city_documents/index .php munity parks, 9 neighborhood parks and 11 mini parks. A profile of each community park Recreation Inventory is included in Exhibit 36, while brief descrip- Developing a complete inventory of recreation tions of the neighborhood and mini parks are facilities, programs, and events is an essential also provided . component of a Parks and Recreation Master Plan . It provides a base of information to use Note: Since the 2012-2016 Parks and Rec- in developing the Action Plan . Understand- reation Master Plan was adopted, the City ing what facilities, programs, and events are sold the Pontiac Municipal Golf Course, which available to the residents of the City of Pon- is being re-branded as the “Links at Crystal tiac will assist in the future decision-making Lake” . process . Community Parks This section of the plan includes several com- Pontiac has 9 community parks, providing ponents. The first component is a description a variety of active and passive recreational of the recreation facilities and programs that opportunities . These parks total 445 .9 acres are owned and operated by the City . Recre- in size and provide access to 12 ball fields, ational, social and cultural facilities located 16 basketball hoops, two tennis courts, four within the City but owned and operated by volleyball courts and four picnic shelters . Four outside agencies such as the public school parks provide access for fishing. district are also inventoried . A description of re- • Aaron Perry Park gional recreation facilities is also provided . The • Beaudette Park recreation facilities inventory is followed by • Crystal Lake Park an assessment of the barrier-free compliance • Galloway Park status of City-owned park facilities . Lastly, this • Hawthorne Park section includes a description of the facilities • Jaycee Park that were partially or completely developed us- • Murphy Park ing State recreation grant funding . • Oakland Park • Rotary Park To include the most up-to-date facility information, a field survey of parks and recreation facilities was conducted by City staff and Wade

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 50 Exhibit 35 Recreation Inventory Map Municipal Park or Facility Educational Facilities: Recreation Public Schools Former Public School Sites Inventory Map Other Educational Facilities

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City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 51 Exhibit 36 Recreation Facility Inventory ------Notes hill and cricket field. Former Holland Former field. cricket and hill g acent baseball field (owned by car dealership) has been j

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laygr P 1141 00000000 00000000 7.17 10 52.75 9 2 11 445.90 9 12 16 194.47 700.29 28 14 33 Acres CP 36.68 1 6 CP 55.23 CP 18.22 1 1 CP 29.90 1 CPCPCP 45.54 15.01 1 14.88 1 1 1 1 4 CP 166.58 1 CP 63.86 1 2 4 NP 0.31 NPNPNP 5.21 1.37 4.35 1 1 2 1 2 NP 2.90 1 NP 1.93 1 NP 5.59 1 NPNP 27.05 4.04 1 1 1 MP 0.19 1 MP 0.43 1 MP 0.39 MP 0.43 1 MP 0.18 1 MP 2.14 1 MPMP 1.07 0.24 1 1 MP 0.39 1 MP 0.45 1 MP 1.26 1 n/a n/a n/a 3.00 Type ril 2011. p , A y l Name s s Source: Wade Trim field surve field Trim Wade Source: y Clinton River Trail Art Heaton Park Baldwin Park Cherrylawn Park Charlie Harrison Park Lakeside Park Lakeside Neighborhood Park Neighborhood South Kiwanis Park North Kiwanis Park Richardson Park Art Dunlop Park Dawson Pond Park Fisher Street Park Indian Village Park Madge Burt Park Motor & Montana Park Pontiac Optimist Park Park Willard & Shirley Steed Park Stout Street Park Washington Park Tot Lot Peterson Community CenterPontiac Municipal Golf Course n/a n/a 0.46 191.01 Bowen's Senior Center Community Parks Community Parks Subtotal Neighborhood Parks All Parks Total Trail Facilities Subtota Neighborhood Parks Subtotal Mini Parks Mini Parks Subtotal Other Facilities Subtotal Other Facilities Trail Facilitie 1 Aaron Perry Park 6 Jaycee Park 2 Beaudette Park 45 Galloway Park Hawthorne Park 7 Murphy Park 89 Oakland Park Rotary Park 3 Crystal Lake Park Recreation Facilities Inventory: Inventory: Facilities Recreation City-Owned Parks 11 10 12 13 14 15 18 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 32 30 No. Map Legend: MP = Mini-Park; NP Neighborhood Park; CP Community Y Yes Recreation Inventor

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 52 Neighborhood Parks City’s senior citizens . It is currently utilized by A total of 9 neighborhood parks are located in groups such as the Golden Opportunity Club, Pontiac, serving the residents of the surround- Red Hats Society and the Visually Impaired ing area and providing a variety of active and Person (VIP) group . passive recreational facilities . Listed below, these neighborhood parks total 52 .75 acres of Peterson Senior Center land and offer 9 playgrounds, two ball fields, The Ruth Peterson Senior Center is located 11 basketball hoops, and one soccer field. on Joslyn Avenue in the north central portion • Art Heaton Park of the City . Indoor facilities include meeting • Baldwin Park rooms, kitchen, lunchroom, exercise area, • Cherrylawn Park offices and a stage for plays and other per- • Charlie Harrison Park formances . Similar to Bowen’s Senior Center, • Lakeside Park the Peterson Center offers programming and • Neighborhood Park a meeting location for various senior groups . • North Kiwanis Park • Richardson Park Clinton River Trail • South Kiwanis Park The Clinton River Trail is a 16-mile trail within an abandoned rail line traversing through Mini Parks the heart of Oakland County, including the Mini parks are small parks, typically consisting Cities of Pontiac, Sylvan Lake, Auburn Hills, of a playground and open space, that serve Rochester Hills and Rochester . It connects the citizens living in the immediate vicinity . with the existing West Bloomfield Trail to the In total, 11 mini parks are located in Pontiac, west, the Macomb Orchard Trail to the east, each ranging between one-fifth of an acre and Paint Creek Trail to the north . The Grand to two acres in size . Mini parks in the City Trunk Railroad (originally called the Michigan include: Air Line) established the rail corridor in 1879 . • Art Dunlop Park In 1998, when the railroad divested this por- • Dawson Pond Park tion of the railroad, the City of Auburn Hills • Fisher Street Park purchased a 2-mile section which was the • Indian Village Park catalyst for the formation of the Friends of the • Madge Burt Park Clinton River Trail group and future acquisi- • Motor & Montana Park tions of the property for use as a public trail . • Pontiac Optimist Park Each community manages/maintains their • Shirley & Willard Park own portion of the trail, while the Clinton River • Steed Park Trail Alliance (comprised of representatives • Stout Street Park from each community) meets monthly to plan • Washington Park Tot Lot and coordinate trail activities .

Other Facilities As shown on the Recreation Inventory Map, A description of additional City-owned recre- the City of Pontiac’s portion of the Clinton ation facilities is provided below . River Trail begins at the Bloomfield Township border and runs northeast toward downtown Bowen’s Senior Center Pontiac . While traveling along this section, The Robert W . Bowen’s Senior Center is trail users cross over Telegraph Road (US 24) located on Bagley Street near Orchard Lake by way of a new pedestrian bridge, pass by Road just outside of Downtown Pontiac . In- Beaudette Park, and cross over the Clinton door facilities include a computer room, meet- River . A newly constructed “Downtown Pon- ing room, hall, and kitchen . This center offers tiac Spur” then extends from Bagley Street a variety of programs and activities for the and ends at downtown Pontiac . Currently, a

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 53 “temporary route” is in place along Bagley ball field and two basketball rims. Street and South Boulevard, which connects to the Auburn Hills portion of the Clinton River Bethune CHANCE School Trail at Opdyke Road . However, this sidewalk- This grades 7-12 alternative education school based route is a non-recreational feature is located on Lake Street in the southwestern anD serves only as a temporary connection . portion of the City . Situated on a 12 .96-acre Ultimately, a new “northern route” is planned site, the school facility offers one playground to be constructed, which will connect the and four basketball rims . Downtown Pontiac Spur with the Auburn Hills portion of the Clinton River Trail at Opdyke Crofoot School (Former) Road . The former Crofoot School site is located on Pike Street, west of Downtown . No recreation The historical and proposed development of facilities are located at the 3 .05-acre site . the Clinton River Trail in Pontiac is part of an ongoing four phase approach, as follows: Edison Perdue Academy (Former) • Phase 1 – Original acquisition under grant The former Edison Perdue Academy site is TF01-115 (completed) located on Pike Street, east of downtown . The • Phase 2 – Downton spur via MDOT/ 5-acre site features a playground and basket- Pontiac funding (completed) ball hoops . • Phase 3 – Bridge over Telegraph (completed) Emerson School (Former) • Phase 4 – Connection from downtown to The former Emerson School site, located in Clinton River Trail at Auburn Hills (future) the northeastern portion of the City, features one playground, one ball field and one bas- Educational Facilities ketball hoop . A variety of educational facilities are located within the City of Pontiac that offer recreation- Franklin School (Former) al opportunities, such as playgrounds and The former Franklin School site is located ball fields, for residents in the vicinity. These on the southern border of the City . The site include public school facilities owned and includes two playgrounds . operated by the Pontiac City School District, as well as private schools . The Recreation Frost Preschool (P.E.A.C.E. Academy) Inventory Map, included earlier in this chapter, Located in the east central portion of the City, shows the location of each school facility . As this site features a playground and basketball shown on the map, active school facilities are hoop . differentiated from closed school facilities . Herrington Elementary School A listing of the educational facilities within the This school is located on Bay Street in the City of Pontiac and the recreational facilities east central portion of the City . Recreation fa- located at each school site is provided on the cilities include two playgrounds, one ball field following page . A brief description of each and one basketball hoop . educational facility is provided . Jefferson Whittier Elementary School Pontiac City School District Facilities Jefferson Whittier Elementary School is lo- Alcott Elementary School cated in the southern portion of the City . Rec- Alcott Elementary School is located on Ken- reational amenities include two playgrounds, nett Road in the northwestern portion of the one ball field, one multi-use soccer/football City . The school is situated on a 10 .12-acre field, and five basketball courts. property and features one playground, one

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 54 Kennedy Center/Owen Elementary School of the City . The 11-acre site features one The Kennedy Center and Owen Elementary multi-purpose soccer/football field. School site is located along Baldwin Avenue in the northern portion of the City . The 25-acre Webster School (Former) site includes two playgrounds and walking The former Webster School site, located on paths . Huron Street west of downtown, features a playground and ball field. Le Baron School (Former) Featuring one playground, the former Le Whitman Elementary School Baron School site is located off Joslyn Avenue Located in the north central portion of the City, in the north central portion of the City . numerous facilities are found at Whitman Ele- mentary School, including three playgrounds, Longfellow School (Former) two basketball courts and one soccer field. The former Longfellow School site, located in the east central portion of the City, includes a WHRC Elementary School/International playground and ball field. Technical Academy This 14-acre facility is located just east of McCarroll School (Former) downtown and features one playground . With one ball field on 7 acres, the former Mc- Carroll School site is located between Aaron Wisner Center Perry Park and Oakland Park . The 21-acre Wisner Center site is home to Wisner Stadium (football), where Pontiac Owen School (Former) High School games are played . According to Located on Columbia Avenue, the former World Stadiums .com, Wisner Stadium was Owen School site features a playground on constructed in 1941 and can accommodate approximately 4 acres of land . 6,600 spectators . Other facilities at the Wisner Center, located along Chavez Avenue, include Pontiac High School/Pontiac Middle School one ball field, one soccer field, outdoor bath- The 120-acre Pontiac High School and Middle rooms and a walking track . School campus is located in the northeastern portion of the City . In addition to indoor Other Schools recreation facilities, the site offers a variety of Several private school facilities are located outdoor facilities including 9 tennis courts, one in the City of Pontiac, which may offer rec- ball field, two football fields, and one soccer reational opportunities for nearby residents . field. These include: • Notre Dame Prepatory High School Pontiac Central High School (Former) • Pontiac Academy Charter School The former Pontiac Central High School site, • Trinity Christian Academy located west of downtown, features one football field and six tennis courts (no nets). Regional Recreation Facilities Several regional recreation facilities are lo- Twain School (Former) cated within or near the City of Pontiac . A brief Offering a playground and basketball court, description of these facilities is provided . the former Twain School site is located northeast of downtown . State Recreation Areas Several state operated recreation areas are Washington School (Former) located outside of Pontiac . These large facili- The former Washington School site is located ties offer a variety of activities, such as camp- on Genesee Avenue along the western edge ing, fishing and hunting, to area residents.

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 55 The following state recreation areas are The Oakland County trail system is a vision located in close proximity to Pontiac: to link pathways and greenways throughout • Dodge #4 State Park Oakland County and Southeast Michigan . (approx . 5 miles west of Pontiac) The County concept includes a hierarchy of • Pontiac Lake State Recreation Area pathways . The primary corridors in the system (approx . 10 miles west of Pontiac) consist of trails such as the Clinton River Trail . • Bald Mountain State Recreation Area Other major existing trails in Oakland County (approx . 10 miles north of Pontiac) include: • Proud Lake State Recreation Area • Paint Creek Trail (approx . 15 miles west of Pontiac) • Polly Ann Trail • Highland Recreation Area • Lakes Community Trail (approx . 15 miles west of Pontiac) • Headwaters Trails • West Bloomfield Trail Huron-Clinton Metroparks • Huron Valley Trail The Huron-Clinton Metropark system main- • Milford Trail tains numerous major park facilities in South- • I-275 & M-5 Metro Trails east Michigan . The closest Metroparks to Pontiac include: • Kensington Metropark Action Plan (approx . 20 miles southwest of Pontiac) The Action Plan details the priorities and • Indian Springs Metropark direction for the City of Pontiac parks and (approx . 10 miles northwest of Pontiac) recreation facilities and services over the next • Stony Creek Metropark five years (2012 – 2016). Like many Michigan (approx . 15 miles northeast of Pontiac) communities, the City of Pontiac is experiencing severe financial constraints. In fact, the Oakland County Parks City has been under the direction of a state- A total of 11 parks are owned and operated appointed Emergency Manager since 2009 . by Oakland County . These parks provide a In the near term, City funding for any major variety of recreational opportunities and spe- redesign or renovation of park facilities is not cialized facilities . The closest Oakland County in the realm of possibility (unless significant park to Pontiac is Waterford Oaks, located outside funding and/or grants are received) . just west of the City limits . The other Oakland This Action Plan was prepared with these re- County parks include: alities in mind . However, as Pontiac has done • Addison Oaks in years past, there are a number of opportu- • Catalpa Oaks nities for partnerships and cooperative ven- • Groveland Oaks tures, as well as opportunities to leverage the • Highland Oaks little funding that the City does have budgeted • Independence Oaks for parks and recreation with other grants and • Lyon Oaks donations . • Orion Oaks • Red Oaks The Action Plan includes priority goal state- • Rose Oaks ments and related objectives as well as a • Springfield Oaks table summarizing priority capital improvements for the next five years. Non-Motorized Trails As mentioned earlier in this chapter, the Clinton Goals and Objectives River Trail passes through the City of Pontiac, Goals and objectives were developed to as- connecting to several other regional non-mo- sist in providing direction to City management, torized trail systems in the county and region . Council and staff . Goals are long-term ideals

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 56 or end products that are desired . Objectives Funding for each goal have been developed to outline With the City under the supervision of an more specific actions that will assist in meet- Emergency Financial Manager, funding con- ing the goal . The goals and objectives are tinues to be a critical issue . intended to be as important as the capital improvement priorities . They are listed in no Goal particular order of importance or priority . Aggressively pursue and seek creative and Maintenance and Crime Prevention unique sources and partnerships to increase The condition and level of vandalism at many funding for park maintenance, operation, pro- of the Parks is a continual reminder of the grams and improvements . state of the City . There are a number of facilities such as light poles, dugouts and comfort Objectives stations throughout the park system that are either obsolete or have been vandalized to • Modify City code to allow for advertising the point where repair is not cost effective . and signage at City parks . Not addressing these issues in a timely man- • Continue to seek grants from national, ner degrades the aesthetics of the parks, is a state, regional and local agencies and strain on thinly-stretched maintenance per- private foundations . sonnel and budgets, discourages use by law • Seek to establish endowments for parks to abiding citizens and families, and many times ensure long-term maintenance of existing can attract more criminal activity . and/or new facilities . • Utilize partnerships with other governmental or school organizations to recognize Goal desired improvements . Dedicate resources to remove obsolete and unsafe elements from parks and design all Staffing and Partnerships new improvements with crime prevention and Staffing dedicated to maintenance, improve- minimal maintenance in mind . ments, operations and programming for parks and recreation facilities has declined significantly over the last several years . While it is Objectives desirable to increase the number of staff for • Remove obsolete fixtures and facilities parks and recreation, it is recognized that as outlined in the CIP table with particular partnerships with other organizations and focus on Community Parks such as Aaron volunteers will be essential to move the parks Perry, Beaudette, Crystal Lake, Galloway, and programs forward . Oakland and Rotary . • Repair facilities that are damaged in a Goal timely manner to encourage use and discourage vandalism . Increase staffing levels as funding permits • Improvements at parks should adhere to and seek to foster partnerships with organiza- Crime Prevention Through Environmental tions and volunteers to maintain a higher level Design (CPTED) principles and strategies of maintenance and offerings within the City . to deter criminal behavior . • Design and select materials for minimal Objectives maintenance • Establish a Baseball/Softball Commission with appointees from each existing League . Commission would be

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 57 responsible for organization, schedule, Objectives facility maintenance, improvements and grievances at Aaron Perry and Jaycee • Focus efforts to secure funding for the Parks . Commission would not be City design and construction of the final funded . segment (Phase IV) of the Clinton River • Seek funds (internally or externally) to Trail and/or the CN Railroad north spur increase staffing related to management, option . operations, programming and maintenance • Continue to coordinate and partner with at the parks and senior centers . the Friends of the Clinton River Trail to • Continue conversations with Oakland assist with the completion, improvement County regarding a possible County Park and maintenance of the system including within the City limits . events, signage, surface improvements, • Foster relationships with the Public and etc . Private schools to seek opportunities • Encourage and facilitate discussions for joint agreements regarding use, with City staff and consultants to ensure maintenance, improvements and long-term existing and proposed work within public youth programs . rights-of-way meets the intention of the • Consider and be open to partnerships Complete Streets movement . with private organizations for the joint • Support the recommendations of the management of facilities . Downtown Pontiac Transportation • Bolster the Adopt-A-Park program and Assessment . adoption of right-of-way areas throughout the City . • Encourage the establishment of a non- Natural Features profit “Friends” of Pontiac Parks group Few natural features remain in the City of that can secure grants and donations that Pontiac . The City was developed well before the City is not eligible for and can assist in any of the environmental protections were put improvements at City Parks . into place over the past 30 years, meaning that most natural features that did exist have Non-Motorized Improvements long since been altered by human develop- The ability to maneuver in and around the City ment . without a vehicle is not only desirable, but for many people, essential . In addition to walk- The remaining natural features in the City are ing or bicycling as a means to get to various located primarily along the periphery: destinations within the community, a complete • A system of wetlands, natural areas, and and connected, well-maintained non-motor- streams is located in the northeast corner ized system is beneficial to residents’ health, of the City . fosters a sense of community, encourages • A large natural area consisting of wetlands economic development, and provides safe and limited floodplain is located in the routes to school, etc . southeast corner of the City between Auburn and South Boulevard and Martin Luther King Boulevard and Opdyke Road . Goal • A small pocket of wetlands and a natural Provide a complete, connected, universally area is located at the west side of Crystal accessible, and well-maintained non-motor- Lake, where the Clinton River enters the ized network . impoundment . • A natural features area is identified in the northern extension of the City . • An extensive system of lakes and streams

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 58 extends throughout the City . Many of Exhibit 37 Clinton River Watershed these streams and the Clinton River are diverted through pipes as they pass through downtown and dense urban neighborhoods . • The City has two Priority Two Michigan Natural Features Inventory sites located in the northeastern corner of Pontiac, north of Walton Boulevard and east of Giddings . Pontiac has seven Priority Three MNFI sites, five in the northeast corner of the City, one including the Clinton River and Crystal Lake, and one just south of the Silverdome site . Priority One sites are natural areas sites and ecosystem communities that need immediate protection measures, Priority Two sites are western portion of the watershed, and the medium priorities and Priority Three sites river basin is home to a variety of wetland and are natural areas with the lowest priority other ecosystem types, from open marshes status . rich with waterfowl to hardwood forests shel- tering rare wildflowers. Natural Areas The Natural Areas shown on the Natural Pontiac is part of three different sub-water- Features map were derived from the 2004 sheds – the Upper Clinton, Clinton Main and Oakland County Natural Areas Report update . Rouge Main 1-2 . Natural Areas are identified based on the ex- istence of wetlands or water features such as Land Use and Imperviousness lakes, rivers and streams . The map of Natu- Land use ultimately determines the fate of ral Areas is on the following page . water resources . One way to measure the impacts of land development on water re- Clinton River Watershed sources is to evaluate the amount of imper- The Clinton River is the one of the most, if vious surface covering the land . Scientists not the most, significant natural feature in have linked changes in the hydrology, habitat Pontiac . The Clinton River watershed cov- structure, water quality, and bio-diversity of ers approximately 760 square miles in four aquatic systems to the amount of impervious Southeast Michigan counties including 40% surfaces . Imperviousness consists of primarily of eastern Oakland County, most of Macomb two components, (1) rooftops, and (2) trans- County, and small portions of southern La- portation networks . Rooftops account for 30% peer and St . Clair Counties as illustrated in to 40% of the imperviousness and include our Exhibit 37 . The Clinton River and its tribu- homes and businesses, and the places where taries flow through 60 rural, suburban, and we shop and dine . The transportation network urban communities with a total population of consists of roadways, driveways, parking lots more than 1 .6 million . The river’s headwaters and sidewalks, and accounts for 60% to 70% are located in Springfield and Independence of total imperviousness in some residential Townships, and it flows into Lake St. Clair in suburban areas . Low-impact development Harrison Township . The watershed harbors standards such as limits on impervious sur- several high-quality trout streams, including face and buffers around wetlands and sensi- Paint Creek, East Pond Creek, and the North tive woodlands should guide any new devel- Branch . Many inland lakes characterize the opment or redevelopment project .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 59 Exhibit 38 MNFI Natural Areas Map

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Municipal Boundaries L. Brooks Patterson, County Executive Environmental Stewardship Program 2004 MNFI Natural Area Planning & Economic Development Services Priority One Natural Area Map Created on June 16, 2008 **The information provided herewith has been compiled from recorded deeds, plats, tax maps, surveys and other public records. It is not a legally recorded Priority Two Natural Area map or survey and is not intended to be used as one. Users should consult Miles the information sources mentioned above when questions arise.** Priority Three Natural Area 0 0.5 1 ±

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 60 Wetlands The City’s topography slopes gently toward Pontiac is blessed with a system of inland the southeast. Most of Pontiac is fairly flat lakes connected by a network of rivers and with slopes of less than 10%, but the north- streams . This network of wetlands and sur- ern and northwestern portions of the City are face water play a crucial and irreplaceable characterized by more rolling hills . Neverthe- part in protecting City residents’ health, safety less, topography does not limit urban develop- and welfare from problems such as flooding ment within the City of Pontiac . and poor water quality . It is important to think of these features as an interconnected hydro- logical system . If only parts of this network are protected, the entire system begins to break down, ultimately resulting in flooding and water quality issues .

Woodlands and Trees Woodlands act as natural air purifiers and provide protection from wind and soil ero- sion. In addition, woodlands can significantly reduce noise associated with industry and heavily traveled highways .

Woodlands bring aesthetic benefits and value to the community by providing attractive sites for parks and recreational activities, buffers from and between less compatible land uses, and educational opportunities for residents, young and old . As a mature and developed community, most of Pontiac’s woodlands are concentrated in small pockets along the Clin- ton River and other inland lakes . These pockets should be preserved to the greatest extent possible . Developing mecha- nisms for the protection or replacement of quality trees and woodlands throughout the City would promote woodlands preservation .

Soils and Topography The great majority of Pontiac has been developed and these soils are classified as Urban Land by the Natural Resources Conservation Service . Urban Land with Marlette and Capac soil complexes with slopes of less than 8% make up the two largest concentrations of urban soils . Soils create some constraints on urban development – around wetlands and in some other isolated spots . However, soils are largely able to support urban development .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 61 Figure 39 Pontiac Green Infrastructure Map

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L. Brooks Patterson, County Executive Environmental Stewardship Program Hub Municipal Boundaries Planning & Economic Development Services Link Recreational Link **The information provided herewith has been compiled from recorded deeds, Map Created on June 16, 2008 plats, tax maps, surveys and other public records. It is not a legally recorded Other Restoration Link map or survey and is not intended to be used as one. Users should consult Miles the information sources mentioned above when questions arise.** ± 2006 B&W Orthophotography 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 62 Chapter 8: Economic Development - Placemaking and the New Economy

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 63 Economic Development - Placemaking and the New Economy Chapter 8

of economic development and placemaking The New Economy strategies are in place . A critical understanding of what the New Economy is, and the new set of rules that The City of Pontiac, like many older industrial have dictated a shift from an “old” manufac- cities in America, has struggled with trying to turing economy to a “new” knowledge-based succeed using Old Economy principles rather economy are necessary to successfully pur- than focusing on how to transition from the old sue the amazing opportunities and potential manufacturing economy to the new knowl- that Pontiac has to offer . edge economy . A paradigm shift, or a new way of thinking, that characterizes this funda- The world economy is in a state of transition mental shift in economic processes is an ap- and the rules of the game have changed . In propriate starting point for rethinking Pontiac’s the mid 1990’s, the onset of new information future in the global market place . A paradigm and communication technologies leveled the is a framework or set of principles that forms playing field, which allowed countries from the basis of behavior and attitude and is a all over the world to compete in a rapidly determinant of world view and community expanding global marketplace . International vision . A paradigm shift is the “aha moment!” transactions that once took weeks, if not when something (in this case the community) months to execute, can now be completed is seen in a whole new way . in seconds. Seemingly, infinite sources of information are now being concentrated in one The differences between the Old and New network that is accessible to all . Economies are glaring and suggest a whole new mindset for growth and prosperity . Talent Widespread technology and information driven small entrepreneurial companies are innovations have shifted the relevance of replacing large, stable companies as engines economic production from a local market to of economic prosperity . Personalized quality a global market . Countries with low labor products are replacing mass produced quan- costs and few regulations can manufacture tity products as the products of choice in the products and distribute them to international market place and for a community to support . markets at a fraction of the cost when com- A changing dynamic environment is more pared to countries like the United States . The attractive to knowledge workers than the rigid availability of investment dollars and capital and predictive environment that old economy which used to be place-based is now global manufacturing plants demanded . Finally, as capital has become fungible . Today, areas information, innovation and empowerment are seeking economic prosperity are focused on replacing control and discipline as the modus creating a climate known for producing new operandi for success and prosperity . ideas, enabling productive partnerships and attracting talented people rather than manu- The Role of Talent in the factured goods and services, which almost New Economy any country can now do . Communities com- The formula for success in the New Economy mitted to helping build the New Economy are begins first and foremost with investing in finding that prosperity comes if the right mix people and attracting talent . Talented, hard

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 64 working people who bring new ideas and in- proximity to facilitate comparison shopping . novations to bear in the marketplace are the Southeast Michigan was one of the first number one asset for growing a New places in the world to exemplify the impor- Economy . tance of clusters with its concentration first on auto manufacturing and now on auto research “In attracting young talent, place matters! and development (R&D) activities . Oakland In a recent national survey, about two- County in general, and Pontiac and its neigh- thirds of recent college graduates said bors specifically, are the home of several they decide where they want to live first, significant New Economy clusters then find a job. For a surprising portion of young talent a vibrant central city is the A Future of Prosperity place they are looking for. According to The City of Pontiac is poised for a future of Laurie Volk, of the national planning firm prosperity . Located within a region rich with a Zimmerman Volk, about 45% of the Mille- history of manufacturing innovation and en- nials without children are choosing to live trepreneurship, by making the right decisions, in high density urban neighborhoods. Pontiac has the opportunity to quickly join the New Economy . The City of Pontiac with about These neighborhoods are safe, have high 57,000 residents is the heart of one of the densities, a mix of residential and com- wealthiest counties in America, with its nearly mercial uses, an active arts and entertain- 1 .2 million inhabitants . ment scene and a walkable environment. These high activity neighborhoods are Historic downtown Pontiac is located at the largely, but not exclusively, located in and center of the County, and can be the home to near central city downtowns. a vibrant and diverse 24-hour urban environment complete with a bustling art and culture There are a number of neighborhoods in scene, state-of-the-art hospitals and a medical Michigan’s central cities and some of its research center, promising new entrepreneur- older suburbs which are moving towards ial opportunities and some of the best invest- these kind of characteristics. [***] it is fair ment sites in all of southeast Michigan . Pontiac to say though that none have achieved has one of the best workforces in the nation, the density of residents or establishments capable of bringing new products and ideas to that is required of neighborhoods that market at highly competitive rates . The region are competitive nationally as magnets for employs the third highest number of high- young talent.” tech workers in the nation while maintaining a strong blue-collar manufacturing workforce . ~ Lou Glazer, Michigan Future, Inc . Creating a structure for business innovation and economic vitality is a regional specialty .

The Role of Clusters in More than 42,000 companies, over half of the the New Economy top 100 Global Fortune 500 companies, and Another key component of the New Economy more than one third of the state’s R&D facili- is the emergence of clusters of similar eco- ties are located in and surrounding Pontiac . nomic activities in close proximity to one another . This permits talent to move easily Pontiac is strategically located in Automa- between jobs and makes it easy for employ- tion Alley, a prime high-tech consortium of ers to hire qualified people. Consumers have more than 600 high-tech and industrial firms. long seen this at the retail level with clusters Oakland County maintains one of the most of auto sales establishments or furniture and technically advanced countywide economic home furnishing establishments in close development departments in the nation,

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 65 with the capacity to leverage local, state and and prosperity for both urban and suburban federal partnerships and resources to promote communities . Proactive regional partnerships economic growth of virtually any kind . Highly build on the strengths and assets of cities and adaptable and diverse sites located within surrounding suburbs and focus on creating the City limits hold the potential for expand- a region in which the whole is greater than ing high-tech manufacturing, a cutting-edge IT the sum of its parts . In today’s ever changing sector and an emerging medical cluster . global marketplace, interdependent regional communities are the most adaptable, resilient The region provides a vast array of living and competitive players . Pontiac can play a options for people of all incomes . Downtown major role in the transformation of Southeast Pontiac provides opportunities for additional Michigan to the New Economy . loft apartments and condos to accommodate talented young professionals and empty Both the City of Pontiac and Oakland County nesters . Pontiac neighborhoods offer afford- stand to gain tremendously from enhancing able new and existing rental and homeowner regional partnerships . Similarly the conse- opportunities with superior access to regional quences of not adopting a regional strategy jobs and amenities while its suburban neigh- will lead to reduced economic competitive- bors maintain some of the most luxurious real ness and a lower quality of life for all . estate developments in the state today .

Oakland County embraces a life-long learning Strategic Placemaking philosophy . Educational initiatives that range and the New Economy from a world-class robotics program in public If talent is the currency of the New Economy, schools to weekly business training seminars then placemaking is the primary strategy for are located throughout the County . Through cities and communities in the New Economy . public, private, and vocational schools, 15 Talent is attracted to high amenity communi- institutes of higher education and an array of ties with energy, opportunities, green infra- professional and personal development semi- structure (parks, trails, bike paths, etc .) . The nars, the Pontiac region is continually seeking richness of diverse places in Oakland County improvement by providing specialized and is therefore an asset to be leveraged for relevant education for success in the New greater success in Pontiac . Economy . Strategy Categories Adopting a clear and strategic vision for peo- The greatest opportunities for Pontiac to join ple-based economic development initiatives will the New Economy are organized into the fol- foster meaningful partnerships with the great- lowing ten strategy categories: est capacity to translate motivation, knowledge 1 . Creating a world-class education system and skills into positive change . When pro- that ensures students in the City get an vided with the appropriate resources to grow education that prepares them for the New and flourish, the people of Pontiac can lead Economy and that helps attract new talent an economic transformation so great and so to the City . meaningful that it will redefine Pontiac’s historic 2 . Connect to the New Economy by status as an “All-American City,” to the center leveraging the assets of regional talent of a “New Economy Region,” leading the way and emerging high-tech manufacturing, in urban revitalization and a new center for medical and information technology economic growth across southeast Michigan . sectors . 3 . Prioritizing high potential – high impact As the name suggests, the “New Economy redevelopment sites as a great place Region,” provides equitable opportunities

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 66 to invest and utilize regional resources Neighborhood accordingly . 4 . Continue building a “destination” Economic Development downtown, by supporting a 24-hour, seven Strategy day a week population and activity that The goal of the Neighborhood Economic appeals to a wide-variety of people . Development Strategy is to foster economic 5 . Create local entrepreneurs through opportunity and neighborhood vitality through- education, public support, business out Pontiac . incubation and equal opportunities . 6 . Polish the image of Pontiac by marketing Achieving the goal of this strategy requires the strengths and potential of the City and connecting people to living-wage jobs, sup- County while reducing crime and blight porting neighborhood business growth, and and other drivers of negative perceptions . growing vibrant commercial areas . If success- 7 . Restore healthy, safe and attractive ful, this strategy will produce a measurable neighborhoods with a range of uses and rise in household incomes and a reduction in housing opportunities for people with poverty rates in Pontiac, grow revenues for different incomes, needs and preferences . Pontiac’s neighborhood businesses, and re- 8 . Provide quality community services for sult in an increase in new business formation all to ensure equitable opportunities in neighborhood commercial districts across for a high quality of life regardless of the City . socioeconomic status . 9 . Leverage public and private partnerships These outcomes must be achieved while with stakeholders in the City, and Oakland building on the character and composition of County and with regional business leaders existing neighborhoods (strategic placemak- to improve the ability of the City and ing); the wealth attained through our work County to compete in the New Economy . must flow to current residents and businesses. 10 .Maintain a high-performance government that is fiscally responsible and fosters Fostering economic opportunity requires that strategic investment in people and economic development efforts focus not only partnerships . on geographic communities, but hold high the needs of communities of color . Investments Pontiac has all the ingredients for success . and initiatives designed specifically to ad- A future of prosperity is largely a matter of dress disparities among communities of color crafting a strategic vision, leveraging assets, – including poverty, unemployment, business building on strengths and working in partner- ownership, and the benefits of public invest- ships with what is already in place . These ten ments –– will be a critical component of this strategy categories focus on opportunities to work citywide . invest in people and partnerships and allow for the greatest flexibility and adaptation to The work articulated in the Neighborhood change in the future . The opportunities un- Economic Development Strategy cannot, by der the above strategies will allow Pontiac to itself, achieve the objectives of economic op- transition from the Old Economy to the New portunity and neighborhood vitality . Continued Economy by building a place that talent wants progress on other elements articulated within to come to and existing citizens will thrive in . the Pontiac Master Plan are required as well: business retention and recruitment initiatives will help grow the regional economy and provide job opportunities for neighborhood residents; transportation infrastructure, housing choices, parks and green space investments

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 67 will powerfully influence neighborhood vitality; such as gentrification and displacement. and education-focused initiatives designed to strengthen neighborhood schools and prepare The best-practice approach of community- Pontiac’s workforce will dramatically impact driven neighborhood economic development neighborhood and individual prosperity . comprises the following steps: • Articulating individual, business, and Clear metrics and measurable outcomes will community wealth-creation goals help evaluate and support progress towards • Understanding the neighborhood in the achieving the goals of this strategy . regional context • Identifying current and underutilized assets The Community-Driven – from people, to real estate, to business Neighborhood Economic opportunities, to consumer markets – Development Approach within the regional context Neighborhood scale economic develop- • Creating a neighborhood-level economic ment strategies seek to successfully position development plan neighborhoods, local businesses and resi- • Prioritizing implementation actions dents to better connect to and compete in the • Investing in programs and projects to regional economy . However, to ensure that achieve the goals within the strategic the benefits of increased economic activity framework flow to those communities most disconnected from the regional economy, a community-led As needs and priorities are identified, imple- partnership is necessary to develop and carry mentation plans can include activities to sup- out the strategy . port economic development such as: • Small business assistance Community-driven neighborhood economic • Business recruitment development is a holistic approach that seeks • Redevelopment to improve the quality of life and economic • Business district management and prospects of residents and neighborhood revitalization businesses . It starts from the assumption that • Marketing and branding communities and Community Based Organi- • Workforce development zations (CBOs) are best suited to drive the process of neighborhood economic develop- As implementation begins, partners refine the ment in a way that addresses the unique con- approach and objectives as quickly as pos- ditions of each neighborhood or community . sible in the ongoing process to reach the community’s strategic objectives . This approach begins with conversations among residents, business owners, and other Action Plan stakeholders, and a clear assessment of a To successfully apply a comprehensive, community’s assets and challenges within community-led approach and connect the regional context. Neighborhood-specific people to living-wage jobs, support small busi- strategies then build on specific strengths and ness growth, and grow vibrant commercial address the particular challenges businesses areas, the strategy proposes objectives that and residents face in the context of the re- accomplish these goals within the social, eco- gional economy . Adopting this community- nomic and environmental context in each of driven, best practice-supported approach to Pontiac’s neighborhoods . The City of Pontiac, neighborhood economic development pro- along with business and community partners, vides the greatest opportunity for partners will work to achieve the following objectives: to foster communities that support existing • Build Local Capacity to Achieve Economic residents and businesses, and address issues Development Outcomes

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 68 • Drive Neighborhood Businesses Growth 2 . Build on existing partnerships with • Align and Coordinate Resources to Non-Profits and Community Based Support Neighborhood Economic Organizations (CBOs), Oakland County Development and the State of Michigan (MSHDA and MEDC) to develop complementary/joint Given this strategy’s focus on communi- initiatives to support implementation of ties of color and priority neighborhoods, a NED . Seek opportunities to expand the job creation and equity lens will guide every role of housing and workforce training- action, investment and program . Funding focused CBOs into business districts levels, community initiatives, and partnership and small business technical assistance . will determine the scale and timeline of their Specific areas of current and future implementation . work with partners include support for organizational capacity among business districts citywide, regular training Objective I and technical assistance workshops, Build Local Capacity to Achieve Economic administration of grant programs and Development Outcomes increased visibility of districts through With the right tools and know-how, community marketing support . intermediaries – from CBOs and non-profits to culturally-specific organizations (religious in- B. Increase City-wide Community and stitutions, social and neighborhood organiza- Organizational Capacity tions) to business district associations – can most effectively drive neighborhood economic 1 . Partner with MEDC to Offer City- development efforts . The best practice ap- wide Neighborhood Economic proach begins with a strategic neighborhood Development Training. NED training economic development plan to help business- for communities throughout the City es and residents, connect to and compete in will focus on strategic and business the regional economy . The following actions planning process, market dynamics, key are intended to support community interme- trends, best practice interventions, and diaries to establish shared goals, align re- organizational development . This training sources, and foster the leadership and orga- will complement and be coordinated with nizational infrastructure to drive execution of efforts to strengthen community capacity neighborhood economic development plans . within specific neighborhoods.

2 . Improve awareness of business- A. Strengthen Community Capacity to support tools and resources among Develop Neighborhood Economic public and private organizations to Development Plans increase use among small businesses by: 1 . Create a Focus Area Program for • Developing and distributing new mixed-use and commercial areas within brochures, web-based information, neighborhoods that are interested in videos and other collateral material creating and implementing a neighborhood about small business tools and how economic development plan suited for they can assist with neighborhood their needs . These areas are designated economic development as Neighborhood Entrepreneurial Zones • Prioritizing education of leaders and and will have a range of permitted land small businesses owned by people of uses reflective of the neighborhood color and/or located in under-served context and residents’ desires . neighborhoods .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 69 3 . Expand the capacity of inexperienced identifying institutions and traded property owners and developers. sector businesses that can thrive in Focusing on local owners and people the neighborhood employment area of color, mentoring partnerships with and marketing key sites as business experienced neighborhood developers expansion and development opportunities . and a new technical assistance training Work will focus both within the Target program will help develop wealth Industries (New Economy businesses) within communities facing gentrification and within sectors that provide high- pressures and jump-start market activity in growth/high-demand job opportunities underperforming markets . so that CBOs, non-profits and other organizations can effectively communicate Partnership Opportunities: Oakland County with and attract these businesses . Treasurer’s Office, Michigan Fast Track Land Bank Authority, Grace Centers of Hope, pri- 3 . Facilitate commercial site readiness. vate sector developers, private lenders and Support investments in demolition, financial institutions, higher education institu- transportation, sewer, water and other tions, Division of Community Development . infrastructure that are necessary to attract development to other key neighborhood commercial sites . Concurrently, pursue Objective II One-Stop Ready Certification and Drive Neighborhood Business Growth Redevelopment Ready Community Strategic public-private initiatives and partner- certification. ships to drive neighborhood business growth can help leverage and influence larger market Partnership Opportunities: Michigan Works!, forces . Business development efforts should SCORE, Pontiac Regional Chamber of Com- be tailored to address neighborhood-specific merce, the Pontiac Downtown Business challenges by attracting employers, fostering Association, Oakland County Planning and retail or residential development in under- Economic Development, MEDC, local col- served markets or providing opportunities for leges and universities . businesses facing displacement to strengthen their local or regional competitiveness . B. Expand City-wide Financial Tools for Neighborhood Businesses A. Connect Traded Sector and Supporting wealth creation and job opportuni- Neighborhood Work ties within priority neighborhoods and commu- 1 . Proactively connect neighborhoods nities of color requires continued and expand- to jobs in high growth, high demand ed support for neighborhood businesses . industries by partnering with Michigan Works!, community based workforce 1 . Develop partnerships to expand development providers, and local four- funding for small business working year and two-year colleges . capital and tenant improvement loans . Partnerships among community 2 . Prioritize business development in development financial institutions, neighborhood employment areas foundations, banks, and other financial by connecting regional business institutions could involve linking financial retention and expansion work to land resources to business technical in neighborhood commercial corridors assistance or formulating alternative ways zoned for employment (mixed-use or to evaluate risk when making lending commercial) . This entails proactively decisions . Emphasis should be on loan

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 70 funds to minority-owned firms and others are not likely to be available for use in Ponti- who have difficulty accessing capital ac . Therefore the City will have to look at both through traditional means . traditional partnerships (partnerships with Oakland County and the State of Michigan) 2 . Work with Oakland County to provide and less traditional partnership models . support for organizations serving low-income microenterprise business 1 . Identify and package a wider range of owners to drive wealth and job creation funding sources to fill the gap between among communities of color and within development costs and investment neighborhoods . Key areas of focus supported by market rents by meeting include increasing availability of one-on- with potential public, private and non- one, on-site business technical assistance profit partners to identify and assess available to owners and assisting opportunities for developing collaboration successful small entrepreneurs in to expand funding for commercial growing/expanding their operations (such development . Emphasis should be as from home-based to a permanent on economically challenged areas storefront, or from one store to multiple outside Downtown and projects that are stores) . community-led .

3 . Support city-wide small business 2 . Promote catalytic neighborhood technical assistance to fill gaps in investments that provide greater available services. Contracts with community benefits through public/ qualified non-profit business development private partnership . As available, public organizations will focus on stabilizing and supports could include an array of growing small businesses with modest tools - from reduced permitting fees, incomes, businesses located in priority tax abatement, technical assistance, neighborhoods, and businesses whose contribution of land, reduced interest owners may need services provided in loans, working capital loans, assistance languages other than English . with unconventional financing such as New Market Tax Credits and/or Storefront Partnership Opportunities: Oakland County Improvements Grants . Planning & Economic Development Services, Oakland County Treasurers Office, Commu- Partnership Opportunities: City bureaus nity development financial institutions, founda- (housing, transportation, parks, development tions, private lenders, higher education institu- services), Metro, community development tions, business development organizations, financial institutions, federal government community-based organizations, the Pontiac departments, higher education institutions, Regional Chamber of Commerce, area foun- foundations, key corporations, and CBOs . dations, and key corporations . Objective III C. Increase Tools to Support City-wide Align and Coordinate Resources to Neighborhood Development Projects Support Neighborhood Economic Pontiac’s municipal financial situation and Development limited staff resources limit the City’s ability Unfortunately, Pontiac has limited access to to lead neighborhood development projects . many of the tools, programs, and organiza- Also, due to historical mismanagement of the tions that support neighborhood economic City’s DDA and TIF districts, traditional neigh- development . Amplifying the problems, the borhood and community redevelopment tools city lacks a coordinated, strategic approach

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 71 that involves all of the necessary public and development process, development of private sector partners . Reaching the goals of the six-year capital improvements plan this strategy in Pontiac will necessarily involve and the annual CDBG action plan support numerous public and private entities all work- community-led, equity, and economic ing in the same direction to achieve agreed- vitality objectives . upon goals, including: • Community-based, religious and/or 2 . Conduct outreach in concert with culturally-specific organizations with community partners to small specializations ranging from real estate to businesses – especially those owned small business development by ethnic minorities and by people with • Private sector leaders and local limited English proficiency – to retain and foundations grow existing businesses and increase • Financial institutions (including community awareness of small business and start- development financial institutions, up products and services available from community lenders, and financial partner agencies . intermediaries) • Workforce training organizations (including 3 . Establish first source hiring Michigan Works!, universities and agreements and other types of community colleges, schools and higher community benefit agreements with education institutions, and community- businesses and real estate developers based workforce development providers) that have been awarded sizable grants or • State and County agencies including loans from City-administered funds (for MEDC, MSHDA and Oakland County example, CDBG) . Recipients of these Planning and Economic Development loans would commit to working with the local Michigan Works! office or qualified The experience of other cities indicates that CBOs to hire local residents who have this coordination and alignment develop in completed skills training . Community phases over ten or more years . Most suc- benefit agreements would stipulate cessful NED efforts begin with pilot projects desired outcomes, including hiring of that build momentum and gain traction as neighborhood residents and employees of programs expand and resources increase . color, and the use of local businesses and businesses of color as suppliers . A. Align Efforts to Support Community- Driven Neighborhood Economic B. Support Small Business Needs by Development Plans & Equity Objectives Coordinating Assistance Efforts To support implementation of the NED Strate- Pontiac’s technical and financial assistance gy, the City and its partners will orient its work providers serve a wide variety of businesses in neighborhoods in collaboration with part- and entrepreneurs . However, without city- ners to develop and implement neighborhood wide coordination some business needs are economic development plans and pro-actively extremely well served while more tailored as- address issues of equity in community en- sistance can be hard to find or unavailable. gagement, financial products, business development and real estate development work . 1 . Work with Oakland County to Convene public and nonprofit business 1 . Make budget and project investment technical assistance providers quarterly decisions that support the goals of to discuss small business needs, identify neighborhood economic development services gaps, pursue new funding, share plans . Ensure the annual budget performance measures, and increase

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 72 access to assistance for historically Michigan State University . Intensity and uses underserved small business owners . within these PICAs focus on attracting New Economy development – information technol- 2 . Develop a website to be hosted by ogy (IT), medical and research, research and the City or a partner to communicate development, and leisure and entertainment . and market NED tools and act as an As detailed in the Asset-Based Economic De- online information clearinghouse for small velopment Strategy, New Economy business businesses and neighborhood commercial seeks areas rich in talent – educated workers . districts . These workers are able to choose where they live, work and play, thus it is quality of life ele- 3 . Assemble business lenders to ments that become critical recruitment tools . coordinate and develop a continuum of To put it simply, place matters! Attracting this services and referral protocols, create talent requires a focus on creating a “high- working relationships between various amenity” community in Pontiac – that is one organizations and staff, and fill service with vibrancy, opportunity, green infrastructure and language gaps in lending . This (parks, trails, bike paths etc .), culture, and organizing will complement, inform and diversity .” sometimes be combined with the quarterly gathering of business technical assistance The proposed Entrepreneurial Districts pro- providers . vide greater flexibility in land use and design criteria so that redevelopment activities can Partnership Opportunities: Oakland County, be both context sensitive and market driven . PDBA, business development organizations, Pontiac Regional Chambers of Commerce, Many of the PICAs from the 2008 Plan remain private lenders, community development undeveloped . For many of these, the goals for financial institutions, community development redevelopment remain the same . For others, organizations, and higher education institu- more flexibility is needed to encourage rede- tions . velopment . Others still have to be completely rethought because of either market conditions or feasibility . Entrepreneurial Districts 1. Woodward Avenue/ Formerly called Potential Intensity Change Ar- Downtown/Near Downtown eas or PICAs (see 2008 Master Plan), these As discussed extensively in the Transporta- zones include properties that meet any of the tion chapter, the re-configuration of the Loop following criteria: as recommended in the Downtown Pontiac • Have been identified by the community for Transportation Assessment is an on-going neighborhood economic development and long-term redevelopment project . As the • Are large enough to accommodate City and County pursue state and federal significant redevelopment funds necessary for construction, the entire • Are under-utilized or unused schools, perimeter of the Loop becomes an opportunity industrial or manufacturing facilities for redevelopment . Similarly, this project will • Were historic neighborhood commercial have a positive and synergistic effect on the nodes Downtown . Therefore, the entire Downtown and near-downtown neighborhoods are con- In the 2008 Plan, these areas were “identi- sidered Entrepreneurial Districts . fied using the principles described in the Asset-Based Economic Development Strat- This Entrepreneurial Zone includes specific egy developed by the Land Policy Institute at redevelopment opportunities that were called

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 73 out individually in the 2008 Master Plan, development of the Phoenix Center becomes including Lot 9, the Clinton River, the Phoenix more vital to connecting a potential regional Center and the Bagley-Congress Transit Ori- transit hub, new housing and retail to Down- ented Development District . While these sites town . As in the 2008 Master Plan, there is no all remain important redevelopment opportuni- clear public consensus about the future of ties, the context for potential redevelopment the Phoenix Center, however, re-connecting has changed . Saginaw Street remains an important long- term goal . Clinton River The Urban Land Institute (ULI) prepared a Lafayette Square feasibility study for daylighting (otherwise The Lafayette Square District is another unde- known as restoring to a more natural state rutilized portion of Downtown . This area in and flow) the Clinton River through Down- the northwest corner of Downtown presents town Pontiac . This study used the cost es- an opportunity for higher density and mixed timates developed in 2009 by the Oakland use development . The previously discussed County Water Resources Commission, which conversion of the Loop to two-way traffic will pegged the cost for restoration at over $47 create considerable opportunity for commer- million . The ULI study examined the poten- cial redevelopment, particularly along Wood- tial economic and environmental benefits of ward Avenue . daylighting and concluded that restoring the river through Downtown is not economically There is also considerable positive activity feasible . Instead, the study recommended happening in this part of Downtown . Lafay- a symbolic restoration of the river through ette Place Lofts, in the old Sears building, downtown via a combination of public and was completed in 2011 and is fully occupied . privately-owned open space . Included in this development are the Lafayette Market, a grocery store, and Anytime Fitness . Regional Transit and Transit Oriented Development The existing building stock on Woodward The 2008 Master Plan identified the area west Avenue (both sides) presents opportunities for of the current AMTRAK station for Transit Ori- a range of redevelopment activities . Potential ented Development, which is higher density uses may include (but are not limited to) retail, mixed-use development adjacent to a transit office, artisan studios, community kitchen, station . Since the 2008 Plan was adopted, the restaurant, and multi-family residential . This discussion of regional mass transit has fo- part of Downtown needs to expand and in- cused on creating a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) clude property on the west side of Woodward route connecting Pontiac to the M-1 rail line in east of the railroad right-of-way . It also needs Detroit . During the last six years, the City has a greater amount of flexibility so that entrepre- sold its facility at 55 Wessen Street and the neurs can better respond to changing market adjacent Hayes Jones Center has become dynamics . the Wessen Lawn Tennis Club . Furthermore, public input has expressed a clear consensus 2. Pontiac School District that any regional transit hub should be in or Property immediately adjacent to Downtown Pontiac . As of the writing of this Plan, the Pontiac School District is operating under a consent For these reasons, the southern gateway agreement with the State of Michigan to portion of Downtown is a more realistic and resolve a deficit in excess of $50 million. Over appropriate location for a regional transit hub the last decade, Pontiac Public Schools have and associated Transit Oriented Develop- closed and consolidated a number of schools . ment . The 2008 recommendation for the re- The closed schools, in most cases, present

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 74 wonderful opportunities for neighborhood to sell the property . Approval of the property economic development . Some of the facili- disposition is expected during 2014 . ties offer an opportunity for adaptive reuse of historic structures, while others are beyond This site is ideal for development of a tradi- salvaging . tional residential neighborhood . That is walkable, pedestrian-friendly and has a range All of the 17 school properties listed in Exhibit of housing types . The neighborhood design 38 can be better utilized to serve the residents needs to provide public access to the water- of Pontiac . Redevelopment of these proper- front and should reflect the historic develop- ties will take the vision of a committed group ment pattern of traditional Pontiac neigh- or developer and cooperation of the School borhoods . New Bethel Missionary Baptist, District, State of Michigan and City officials. Providence Missionary Baptist, Newman AME Funding will likely pull from several public and and Trinity Missionary Baptist are four strong private sources . Flexibility is key in determin- cultural and social anchors for the neighboring potential future uses for these sites, and hood and the location adjacent to Washington the context of the neighborhood and the input Park and the Links at Crystal Lake, less than of neighbors determines what will be appropri- a half-mile walk from Downtown encourages ate uses and activities . walkable urbanism . The foundation is here for a solid, well developed traditional neigh- Moving forward, the City and School District borhood and future redevelopment needs to must become partners and work together to embrace these principles . market these properties for redevelopment . The City also needs to provide greater flexibil- 4. The Pontiac Silverdome ity in use and site design regulations to allow The long and complicated history of the Sil- for a greater range of options for potential verdome is tied to the City’s financial decline. redevelopment partners . Many of the 17 facili- The facility was once a state-of-the-art arena ties were originally conceived and designed that was the home of the Lions, the site of as the center of neighborhood activity . This World Cup games and hundreds of concerts history and context must be considered in and other events, but once the Lions left in evaluating potential reuse of these properties . 2002, the building became a financial liability for the City, costing over a million dollars a 3. Former Crystal Lakes Homes/ year in maintenance and utilities alone . The Pontiac Housing Commission City sold the facility in 2012 and the current Property owners have failed to maintain the structure . The former Crystal Lake Homes public hous- The building’s seats, fixtures and equipment ing site is located along Crystal Lake, south is being sold via auction signaling impending of Gillespie and west of Bagley . The site still demolition . has the remnants of the original road network and infrastructure, though the condition of the The site retains considerable value for a wide underground utilities is unknown . This site has range of potential uses . The location and been the subject of much speculation over the ease of access to I-75 and M-59 makes it a last ten years . The Pontiac Housing Commis- desireable location for office, retail, and indus- sion (PHC) funded the preparation of several trial/manufacturing uses . It could also include potential site plans in 2006, each showing residential uses . This Master Plan will not large lot, single family homes in a gated identify one specific use for this site, rather subdivision . None of these plans were ever flexibility will be built into the future land use implemented and the PHC began the process map and plan so that the site may be redevel- of getting approval from the US Department oped more quickly . of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 75

(SF)

Area Grass 92,859 96,693 127,186 109,835 324,093 215,784 105,667 318,638 201,694 269,696 322,567 199,187 460,398 179,765 324,561

3,348,623

Area (SF) Area Gross Land Land Gross 717,720 221,028 209,731 469,449 287,752 164,453 416,550 291,040 200,008 366,034 524,428 355,558 885,306 318,585 596,154

6,023,796

Building Site Data (Acres) Area

Gross Land Land Gross 5 . 07 4 . 81 6 . 61 3 . 78 9 . 56 6 . 68 4 . 59 8 . 40 8 . 16 7 . 31

. 53 11 178 28 . 17 16 . 48 10 . 77 12 . 04 20 . 32 13 . 69

Square Footage Square Net Useable Useable Net 27,425 82,270 50,972 28,628 32,315 42,799 31,762 38,987 38,439 43,401 79,234 73,222 34,018 105,080 407,339

1,115,891

Square Footage Square

Gross 34,498 95,983 57,496 36,625 38,086 46,418 38,461 44,219 42,327 49,583 93,738 85,566 37,423 107,828 478,210

1,286,461

(SF) Roof Footprint Footprint Roof 26,117 13,446 39,515 50,657 59,212 26,010 32,742 50,650 17,336 44,990 35,694 61,822 77,727 41,893 721,698 143,887

Building Structure Data

(SF)

Footprint Building Building 11,852 37,305 50,657 57,795 23,539 31,664 46,418 17,297 24,154 42,327 34,652 60,445 87,026 74,787 37,423 637,341 Totals - - - 1991 1925 1922 1956 1952 1974 1978 1978 / 1986 1960 / 1966 1959 / 1962 Year Additions Year 1928 / 1968 1969 1951 / 1957 1966 1960 / 1964 1972 1945 / 1949 1953 1956 - - Year Year 1911 1966 1924 1921 1924 1927 1955 1928 1944 1957 1972 1929 1973 Built 1929 1968 Address General Building Information 2000 Orchard Lake 120 Elizabeth Lake 441 Casar Chavez 710 Menominee 25 S Sanford 640 W Huron 191 N Glenwood 43 E Columbia 729 Linda Vista 31 N Astor 1033 Barkell 661 Franklin 250 W Pike 131 Hillsdale 300 W Huron 600 Motor 154 Lake Facility Name Whitfield Fairlawn Wisner Center Washington Perdue Webster McCarroll Owen Mark Twain Longfellow LeBaron Franklin Crofoot Lincoln Pontiac Central Jefferson Bethune Exhibit 40 Pontiac School District Building Data

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 76 5. The “Diamond Triangle” Additionally, these lots may have short-term Over the past decade or so, the property potential to be used for neighborhood-scale owned by GM in the Centerpoint area and community gardens, which can serve as small dedicated to manufacturing has undergone neighborhood economic incubators . The City a major shift . The GM bankruptcy in 2009 should encourage the CDCs and individual marked a significant shift in the use and po- neighborhood organizations and non-profits to tential future use of the property . acquire or lease vacant properties to develop community gardens . Since 2009, major portions of the Diamond Triangle have been acquired by various pri- Community gardens are not the only agri- vate interests . New tenants include the Michi- cultural-related activity that’s appropriate for gan Motion Picture Studio, Hewlett Packard, these lots . Many lots, particularly if there are Ultimate Soccer as well as expanded GM several contiguous properties, are ripe loca- research and development buildings . These tions for forestry operations . These lots can new uses and tenants have reinvigorated the be planted with appropriate species of trees Centerpoint area and have become catalysts which can be harvested and replaced on a for other new investment and development . regular schedule . Fruit and nut trees can also be planted to complement community garden To better facilitate additional redevelopment efforts . in and around the Diamond Triangle, more flexibility is needed in the use and site plan These (and other) types of unique approach- requirements . es to vacant land management accomplish several goals . First, they put land that oth- 6. Vacant Residential and erwise may become a blighting influence to Commercial Property productive use that benefits the entire neigh- Pontiac is both blessed and cursed to have an borhood . Second, these operations provide ample amount of vacant property, particularly food for neighborhood residents . Third, these within neighborhoods and at key intersec- operations also provide job training and tions . These vacant parcels are the result capacity building for neighborhood residents . of demolition activity . The parcels are either Finally, these types of interim uses provide a privately owned or owned by the Oakland profound ecological benefit for the entire com- County Treasurer or State Fast Track Land munity . Bank Authority . To empower residents and organizations Regardless of ownership, these parcels to activate these spaces, the City needs to become a detriment to the neighborhood if develop more flexible use regulations. Pon- unmaintained . The City has limited funds tiac needs better articulated urban gardening/ available to maintain vacant lots, and is there- farming guidelines and it needs to partner fore not likely to provide basic maintenance . with the Treasurer’s office, MLBFTA service Therefore, Pontiac will take a less traditional to develop post-demolition alternative specifi- approach to maintaining this inventory of va- cations that do not result in lots simply be- cant property . Instead of seeding and mowing, ing seeded with grass seed . Finally, the City the City should work with Oakland County and should partner with MSU Extension and other the State Land Bank to develop alternative non-profits (Growing Hope in Ypsilanti, the post-demolition specifications that use na- Greening of Detroit) to provide start-up re- tive plant and grass seed mixes to reduce the sources and assistance . need for continual mowing .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 77 Based on the inventory of vacant land within neighborhoods, Pontiac should be a leader when it comes to local food production and alternative land management strategies . These types of gardens and urban agricultural practices create positive experiences in spaces that have historically been negative spaces . This is “little ‘p’” placemaking and helps to both improve quality of life for neighborhood residents and create new economic opportunities in distressed areas .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 78 Chapter 9: Future Land Use

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 79 Future Land Use

Chapter 9

Transportation Future Land Use Policy Perhaps the most significant physical chang- Land use decisions should be guided by the es recommended in this plan are changes to principles that are outlined in the Economic the public realm in the street right-of-way . As Development Chapter and throughout this described extensively in the Transportation plan . When considering a proposed zoning or Chapter, the City should adopt a Complete land use change in the community, the Plan- Streets ordinance and develop street stan- ning Commission and City Council should dards that ensure safe, comfortable access CONSIDER the following factors . for all users .

Placemaking Additionally, the City must take a leadership What defines a community? It’s the common role in working with SMART and the Regional ground where people gather – from housing, Transit Authority (RTA) to make the Wood- squares, streets and plazas to parks, green ward Avenue Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) line spaces and waterfronts . By revitalizing com- happen . More importantly, the City must cre- munities and rebuilding neighborhoods, we ate the opportunity for a new bus hub down- can strengthen our neighborhoods, our cities town, around which higher density Transit- and the entire state . Oriented Development may occur .

To revitalize our communities we must ex- The BRT is just one component of public tran- amine our city through a new lens, taking sit . Current SMART routes (as of May 2014) into account the types of places where New do not adequately serve the needs of resi- Economy workers, entrepreneurs and busi- dents in the northeast or northwest portions of nesses want to locate, invest and expand . the City . The City needs to advocate for addi- This is well articulated in the Economic Devel- tional routes within Pontiac to provide a more opment chapter . robust transportation network for citizens .

The approach advocated by both this Master Green Infrastructure and Plan and the State of Michigan through the Mi- Natural Features Place Partnership is best described as creating Green infrastructure – the connected network a “sense of place” or just “placemaking .” It’s a of natural areas, wetlands, streams, lakes, simple concept, based on a single principle – woodlands, parks, and open space – is critical people choose to settle in places that offer the to a city’s sustainability, sense of place and amenities, social and professional networks, livability . Pontiac needs to strengthen and resources and opportunities to support thriving enhance its green spine . lifestyles . Pontiac can attract and retain talent – especially young, knowledge-based talent – To improve the City’s green infrastructure, by focusing on how best to take advantage of Pontiac should: the unique placemaking assets of our regional • Create opportunities for new connections communities . The policies in this chapter, as between green nodes like parks and well as the strategies described in the previous natural areas . chapter contribute to placemaking . • Allow residents, community groups and

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 80 non-profits to claim vacant lots for use as designers, builders and owners who want to urban gardens . build green and maximize both economic and • Designate key natural areas and limit environmental performance . development on these sites . • Incorporate new pocket parks and urban Green buildings offer both environmental and plazas in the Downtown . economic benefits. Environmental benefits include the use of less electricity, the reduction The City has no excess parkland and, there- of solid waste and greenhouse gas emissions, fore, should not consider disposing of exist- and the conservation of natural resources, ing parkland for development . Under-utilized while economic benefits include reduced park areas may become ‘no-mow’ areas and operating costs, and strain on local infrastruc- the City should work with Oakland County to ture and increased employee satisfaction and develop long-term management strategies for performance, and increased lifecycle eco- under-utilized parks that may be better suited nomic performance, and increased sales at for more passive recreation and natural areas . retail stores .

Additionally, Pontiac should work with Oakland In summary, green buildings typically require County Planning and Economic Development a small additional cost (estimated to be 1-5%) Services, IT department and the Michigan to construct when compared to conventional Natural Features Inventory (MNFI) to iden- construction, however, green buildings are tify and map sensitive land, resources and less costly to operate and maintain, are en- habitats . The Planning Commission and City ergy- and water-efficient, have higher lease- Council should use the information to create up rates than conventional buildings in their a Natural Features/Future Land Use overlay markets, and are a physical demonstration of map as a guide when considering the poten- the values of the organizations that own and tial impacts of zoning changes or development occupy them . in areas where natural features are located . Design guidelines for new development The City should form a strategic alliance with should include as many green building stan- adjoining communities and Oakland County dards as possible . As a part of changing the to complete the Clinton River Trail through perception of the City, Pontiac should em- Pontiac . brace green development and begin to create the image that Pontiac seeks to be the Energy Efficiency and “greenest” municipality in Michigan . Particu- Environmentally-Friendly larly within the southeast Michigan market, Design this can prove to be a competitive advantage The built environment has a profound impact for redevelopment and new business at- on our natural environment, economy, health traction . Pontiac should become a leader in and productivity . For instance, the US Green energy-efficient design and construction and Building Council reports that in the US, build- should develop incentives for using recycled ings account for 36% of total energy use, 65% building materials, alternative stormwater of electricity consumption, 30% of greenhouse management principles, and strong neigh- gas emissions, 30% of raw materials use, borhood design standards . The City should 30% of waste output (136 million tons annu- partner with Oakland County and the State of ally), and 12% of potable water consumption . Michigan to provide incentives for LEED-cer- “Green Development” refers to environmental- tified buildings and set an example by making ly-friendly and energy-fficient site and building all municipal buildings more energy efficient design . Breakthroughs in building science, and /or LEED certified. technology and operations are available to

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 81 Certain building materials and outdated site borhood commercial districts need to be design standards often have a negative designed for people and pedestrians . Much impact on the environment . Neighborhood de- of Pontiac’s existing inventory of neighbor- sign standards should emphasize connectivity hood and corridor commercial businesses are between neighborhoods, provide transporta- designed for cars and the auto-centric design tion alternatives, and create a safe and walk- creates a tremendous hurdle to walkability . able community . Building standards should New development needs to prioritize walkable encourage adaptive reuse, recycling and urbanism . reuse of building materials and design guidelines should provide incentives for residents, Residential Development builders, and developers to use environmen- In-fill development in residential neighbor- tally-friendly or green materials . hoods with significant amounts of vacant land should be prioritized . The City’s been working closely with the Oakland County Treasurer Future Land Use Goals since 2012 to better address vacant and The Future Land Use Plan is designed to abandoned homes . Since 2012, the City has guide the 20-year vision for Pontiac created had an ordinance requiring purchasers of con- during the Master Planning process . The key demned properties to pay a cash bond equal components of the Future Land Use vision to the cost of demolition . This ensures the are described below . City is not financially responsible for demolition if owners walk away from properties . Encourage Mixed Uses More importantly, this ordinance ensures that Downtown redevelopment demands a mix of slumlords and other unethical individuals are uses, including various combinations of resi- not renting substandard and unsafe housing dential, commercial, office, and other uses. to unsuspecting and vulnerable citizens . Mixed uses create opportunity for innovative and new transit oriented development and The relationship between the City and Oak- more vibrant neighborhoods . land County Treasurer can lead to more innovation and new strategies for reusing existing Strengthen Sense of Place vacant homes . In the contemporary economic market, place matters more than ever before . Therefore, to The existing zoning ordinance should be better compete for business and residential amended to provide greater flexibility for redevelopment, Pontiac needs to focus on building type and land uses within these creating a stronger sense of place, improving districts . These standards should emphasize the quality of life, and changing the perception building form and outline acceptable materials of the City . and standards for each district .

Improve Existing Neighborhoods Blight remains a considerable obstacle . A city is comprised of (and defined by) its Since 2011, the City through various funding neighborhoods . Strengthening the existing sources has demolished over 300 vacant and neighborhoods through blight removal, de- abandoned homes with another 300 demoli- molition, reinvestment and business support tions planned over the next three years . will improve the image of the City and, more importantly, the quality of life for all Pontiac Code enforcement remains an essential residents . component of the fight against blight. The City historically has not diligently enforced zoning Human Scale Development and blight codes . Since 2011, the City has New and refurbished mixed-use and neigh- increased code enforcement activities and in

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 82 2013 issued a record number of blight-related and economically successful should be a ma- code violation tickets . jor focus . Additionally, neighborhood groups, non-profits, the Pontiac Downtown Business To better mitigate the impacts of blight, the Association (PDBA), Oakland County and the City should research the costs, benefits and MEDC should all work to provide mentorship obstacles of creating a local blight court . The and assistance to business start ups . City may also consider making blight-related code violations misdemeanor offenses in- The City does not have the capacity to pro- stead of municipal civil violations . vide either direct financial assistance or assistance in starting and running a small busi- The City should work with neighborhood ness . What the City can do is provide greater groups and residents to provide the opportu- land use regulatory flexibility in designated nity to develop urban gardens and agricultural Entrepreneurial Districts which have been plots on vacant properties . identified by residents. These districts can provide a greater number of by-right uses, a The zoning ordinance should be amended so broader range of permissible building types that more building types are permissible in and more innovative vacant land manage- residential areas . Pontiac, like many commu- ment techniques . nities in Michigan, lacks a number of different housing types, as illustrated in Exhibit 39 . Downtown Development Development of Lot 9 and other vacant par- Commercial Development cels in the downtown for mixed uses should The City’s commercial districts, with the be a top priority for the City, along with adap- exception of Downtown, are completely auto- tive reuse of existing buildings . centric . They were not designed to encourage walking or make pedestrians feel comfortable . The City should continue working with the The City should adopt more human-scale owners of Lot 9, the Oakland County Water zoning requirements, such as requiring park- Resources Commission, the Clinton River ing to be located at the side or rear of com- Watershed Council and other private and non- mercial strips . profits to develop a symbolic water feature downtown near the Clinton River channel Pontiac’s commercial buildings, particularly which runs underground . those in mature strip developments, have a very high turnover rate . Reducing turnover While daylighting the river through downtown and helping businesses become sustainable is not economically feasible, creating a park

Exhibit 41 The “Missing Middle” Housing Types

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 83 or open space with symbolic water-related features will help draw attention to the Clinton Future Land Use Plan River and the City’s natural history while cre- The future land use concept described on the ating a positive catalyst for additional develop- Future Land Use Map in Exhibit 40 and in the ment Downtown . following land use descriptions is based on a form-based approach to land use regula- The Urban Land Institute (ULI) completed tion . The approach combines some elements a feasibility study for the daylighting of the of traditional use-specific land use planning Clinton River and issued the following recom- with guidance on form-based concepts that mendations: concentrate on the appearance and layout • The project should consist of a phased of development rather than the particular development,with Phase 1 being the uses that are housed within the buildings . primary focus of the study . This approach is designed to help facilitate • The Phase 1 site has been identified as redevelopment in different areas of the City the parcel bounded by Woodward Avenue by clearly identifying the desired characteris- to the east, Pike Street to the north, Mill tics of the different areas . The move toward Street to the west and Water Street to the a form-based approach will encourage a south – referred to as the ‘Library Block .’ more healthy and vibrant mix of buildings and • Due to the prohibitive cost of excavating spaces throughout the City . and elevating the flow of water that currently lies approximately 20 feet With this approach, the Future Land Use Map below grade, Phase I is recommended to designates certain areas of the City for flex- consist of public space that only includes ible uses, and the City should describe the interpretive references to the river . expected character and feel of development • Development of the Phase 1 site will be in these areas of the City instead of concen- limited to public/civic space uses such as trating on particular land uses . Some limited park, landscape or other recreational use . use restrictions should be included in the • An illustrative interpretation of the original descriptions of the nonresidential category to Clinton River should be commissioned prohibit conspicuous abuses of form based as a way to promote the project within regulations, such as the over-provision of the community and create interest with retail space in an area designated for mixed stakeholders and potential investors . use development . The form-based approach • A non profit entity (501(c)3) should be should describe standards for buffering resi- established to maintain the water feature dential areas from noise, smell, lighting, etc . and public space and to continue the generated by other non-residential uses . momentum of the project into future phases . Many communities have adopted similar ap- • Future phases may include the partial proaches in mixed-use and commercial areas . excavation of the Clinton River as part Pontiac’s residential areas are also in need of of an open water feature, located on a new approach to help improve the quality either the repurposed Phoenix Center and diversity of the housing stock . site, Lot 9, or both . • Subsequent commercial or residential The Pontiac Future Land Use Plan identifies development should be targeted for 14 different land use categories . Instead of adjacent parcels . examining districts solely based on land use, the Future Land Use Plan looks at the urban form of each district and seeks to help define the appropriate form for development within each of the districts .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 84 The following land use categories are illus- of downtown Pontiac should be designated trated on the Future Land Use Map: as future overlay districts – meaning that the 1 . Residential underlying zoning would remain the same; a . Traditional Neighborhood Residential however there would be new standards for b . Urban Multi-Family Residential each of the individual historic districts and c . Suburban Residential incentives to build in a style compatible with 2 . Mixed-Use: each district . Building and use standards shall a . Commercial and Residential Mixed Use vary based on the individual character of each 3 . Downtown of the historic districts and shall be designed 4 . Commercial to maintain and enhance the historic integrity a . Neighborhood Commercial of the neighborhood and the buildings within b . Regional Commercial the district . These areas include: 5 . Office/Hospital/Health Care • Fairgrove 6 . Industrial/Manufacturing • Franklin Boulevard 7 . Research and Development • Modern Housing Corporation 8 . Parks/Natural Area/Cemeteries • Seminole Hills 9 . Civic Space 10 .Entrepreneurial District There are also several historic buildings and a . Commercial, Industrial and Green landmarks scattered across the City that have b . Commercial, Residential and Green been designated as historic landmarks .

Residential Building standards for land within each of the Residential Land Use designations are broken historic overlay areas should reflect the scale, into three different primary categories – Tradi- layout, character and architectural detail of the tional Neighborhood Residential, Urban Multi- surrounding neighborhood . These are all fully Family Residential and Suburban Residential . developed neighborhoods, therefore, more In these districts, land uses are restricted to detailed architectural standards are required residential uses . Some institutional uses such so that rehabilitation of property within these as neighborhood schools, churches, parks districts enhances the historic character of the etc . may be allowed under special consid- neighborhood . The City should work with resi- erations . Neighborhood commercial may be dents and professionals to develop a Historic permitted in some areas . Preservation Plan for each neighborhood . Fur- thermore, the City should work with Oakland This approach is intended to allow for a wider County PEDS and their Historic Preservation range of housing options – single-family at- Architect to develop brochures referencing the tached, single family detached, townhouses, benefits of historic preservation, potential fund- duplexes, apartments and also community ing sources for restoration and repair as well facilities like parks, churches, and schools . as a list of additional information resources . As discussed previously, this form-based approach seeks to allow for flexibility and Traditional Neighborhood Residential evaluates building type and style and how This land use category is intended to plan for they relate to the larger context of the street traditional patterns of urban neighborhoods . and neighborhood. This flexibility allows the These areas allow a range of housing styles market to create new housing throughout and guidelines seek to replicate Pontiac’s tra- Pontiac that can accommodate contemporary ditional neighborhood development pattern . living requirements (larger home sizes, etc .) without compromising character of the neigh- Buildings within this category include two- borhoods . and three-story duplexes, row houses, town homes (attached single-family homes) and Each of the City’s historic districts outside

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 85 detached single-family homes on a wide lots include more traditional building setbacks, range of lot sizes . This designation includes and lot coverage restrictions . most of the City’s traditionally single-family neighborhoods . Units may be attached or detached with attached single-family development that is The Traditional Neighborhood Residential limited to one-to two-story row or townhouses designation is intended to be a form-based clustered to preserve open space and compli- district, that is, a district that regulates devel- ment a more suburban character . opment by its form rather than its use . Howev- er, the predominant use in these areas should In all cases, providing connectivity between be residential . adjacent developments is a priority . Stub streets must be provided in all residential de- In many of these neighborhoods, there is velopments that abut vacant land or land with significant vacancy and blight. A more flexible, redevelopment potential . design-based approach to land planning allows these vacant lots and blighted properties to be- Development in this land use category income key assets for redevelopment . Property tended to be tied to overall density in terms owners and builders may utilize this flexibility of units per net buildable acre, rather than to create larger lots, build homes with greater minimum lot sizes . This will permit greater lot coverage, and extend green infrastructure flexibility in the development and redevelop- to the oldest and most challenged neighbor- ment of land, and presents an opportunity to hoods . To attract redevelopment to these chal- create parks and other types of neighborhood lenging neighborhoods, flexibility is necessary features without reducing the overall potential to provide incentive for redevelopment . yield on any particular piece of property .

Urban Multi-Family Residential Mixed Use Appropriate buildings in this Land Use cat- Mixed-use buildings and blocks were the egory include multi-story apartment buildings, foundation of the modern city . Prior to the attached townhouses, and senior citizen and advent of modern zoning in the 1920s, resi- assisted living facilities . This designation dential, commercial, and even industrial areas includes existing multi-family and apartment were integrated and all uses were often found complexes as well as areas along primary co-existing throughout cities . Industrial uses thoroughfares that are appropriate for more were found, over time, to be very poor neigh- intense multi-family buildings . bors - often creating health, air, water, noise and debris concerns for residents . These Suburban Residential uses were suitably separated from residential Of the three residential future land uses, the uses . Today, there are no scholars advocating suburban residential district is most restrictive, for a return to the industrial land use policies limiting development to predominantly single- of the early 20th century . family detached housing . This is a more traditional suburban model in keeping with the Yet, as uses were segregated by city leaders, newer development on the northern border commercial districts lost vibrancy that was of the City and in surrounding municipalities . created by having residential uses surround- This designation is intended to be the most ing these commercial areas . The people of suburban in character, and exclusively for the neighborhood supported those business- detached single family dwelling units on larger es and as residential use was segregated lots . These developments should include and moved away from commercial uses, ample open space accessible to members of these businesses failed or moved . Scholars, the community . Building standards for these practitioners and officials have learned from

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 86 these mistakes and now have a much deeper tive reuse of existing buildings . understanding of the vital connection between thriving neighborhood business districts and Creating a regional transit hub Downtown residential neighborhoods . remains a critical long-term goal .

Pontiac needs to create additional flexibility The City should continue working with the for mixed-uses within zones and even within Oakland County Water Resources Com- the same buildings and expand the areas mission and the owners of Lot 9 to create where mixed-use buildings and properties are a Downtown park or plaza with a symbolic by-right uses . water feature marking the Clinton River .

Transit-Oriented Development Commercial The City must continue to work with Oakland There are two scales of commercial develop- County, SMART and the Regional Transit Au- ment that are appropriate for Pontiac . Region- thority to create a transit hub downtown . Any al Commercial, which is big-box style retail or downtown transit hub needs to be integrated mixed-use and Neighborhood Commercial . with higher-density housing to encourage additional transit use . Regional Commercial Pontiac should re-examine standards for Commercial/Residential Mixed-Use regional commercial centers to ensure that One considerable change from the 2008 Mas- properties like the Oakland Pointe Shopping ter Plan is the re-thinking of “commercial corri- Center can be revitalized or rebuilt as com- dor” property . Pontiac has an inventory of va- mercial centers. Additional flexibility is needed cant or under-utilized property in and around so that developers or property owners can neighborhood business districts . Pontiac also rebuild or re-purpose the space in respond to has a need for new jobs and investment in current market demand . these key neighborhood business districts . This Master Plan encourages redevelopment Neighborhood Commercial and allows for a greater flexibility of land uses Pontiac once had thriving neighborhood com- within Mixed-Use districts . The design require- mercial districts that provided basic needs ments, however, must encourage pedestrian- for the surrounding neighborhoods . These friendly building and site design and seek to business districts were undermined by the improve neighborhood walkability . large regional centers and the neighborhood groceries, bakeries and hardware stores have Downtown been replaced with convenience stores, gas Downtown is inherently mixed-use, both verti- stations and fast food restaurants . The major cally (a mix of uses within individual buildings) difference in these tenants is that the historic and by block . The mix of residential use helps neighborhood business district was designed to support the vibrancy of the commercial, re- for people while the current corridor commer- tail and entertainment uses and creates more cial uses are designed for cars . energy . Pontiac needs to encourage additional Downtown residential development to compei- Prioritizing human-scale redevelopment of ment the commercial and entertainment uses these neighborhood commercial districts with that characterize the existing Downtown . mixed-uses will help with Pontiac’s Placemak- ing efforts, and provide new jobs and services Development of Lot 9 and other vacant par- for the adjacent neighborhood(s) . cels in the Downtown for mixed uses should be a top priority for the City, along with adap- Standards for neighborhood commercial dis-

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 87 tricts need to include vertical mixed-use as a and cemeteries . In addition, this designation by-right use, design standards for walkability includes sensitive natural areas that and more flexible use and parking require- should be preserved to improve the overall ments . environmental quality of Pontiac . These natural areas have been identified using map These districts are mixed-use to provide for data from Oakland County and the State of additional residential opportunities to enhance Michigan that delineates sensitive wetlands, the viability of the commercial uses . riparian corridors, key uplands and woodlots and groundwater recharge areas . Office/Hospital/Health Care Health care and related support facilities are a This land use designation includes key com- key part of the New Economy . Pontiac cur- munity facilities or sensitive natural areas that rently has three hospitals, two of which - St . are important community assets and an im- Joseph Mercy and McLaren - have just com- portant part of the City’s green infrastructure . pleted major expansion projects to expand the As described later in this chapter, Pontiac services offered at each hospital . should work with the Oakland County Plan- ning and Economic Development Division’s To encourage additional health care and office GIS staff and the Michigan Natural Features use and redevelopment, Pontiac should cre- Inventory to develop a detailed Natural Re- ate greater flexibility, particularly with regard sources overlay map that enables the Plan- to parking and use standards . ning Commission to evaluate the impact to sensitive or critical environmental features The City should also work with the three hos- when evaluating a zoning or land use change . pitals, Oakland University and other educational providers to create a health care hub in Civic Pontiac that provides both community health Civic space is a particularly important compo- care and job training for health care workers . nent of a vibrant community . Within Pontiac, this includes libraries, civic (City and County) Industrial/Manufacturing buildings, fire stations and other municipal Pontiac has seen reuse of several old manu- agency buildings . facturing or industrial properties since 2008 . The City needs to build greater use and site In the contemporary economic climate, Pon- design flexibility into the zoning ordinance tiac’s diverse distribution of civic buildings to encourage additional reuse of these sites across the community may not be the most for industrial, manufacturing or warehousing efficient strategy. As the government moves uses . to consolidate, streamline and work more efficiently for the citizens of Pontiac, City Research and Development services should be consolidated onto a civic (R&D) campus site around City Hall and the police R&D facilities and users have different re- headquarters . quirements than traditional office or industrial users . Therefore, the City should identify As the City is forced to make short-term deci- specific opportunities for R&D facilities, priori- sions about civic space, priority should be tizing the re-use of existing or obsolete manu- given to maintaining civic space and buildings facturing or office properties. within the more centrally located and densest Urban Residential districts and the Downtown . Parks/Natural Areas/Cemeteries This Land Use designation has been planned Entrepreneurial District for parks, recreation facilities, golf courses The 2008 Master Plan identified four specific properties as Special Use . Since only one site

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 88 was re-purposed, this Master Plan update is using a different mechanism to create flex- Zoning Plan ibility for these sites, as well as several other Master Plans are required to describe the link districts throughout the City to help encourage between a Future Land Use Plan and Map (Ex- redevelopment . hibit 40) to current zoning and to describe how current zoning needs to change to fully imple- These designated Entrepreneurial Districts ment the Master Plan . This section describes are designed to allow a greater range of uses the relationship of Future Land Use categories and site configurations so that entrepreneurs, to existing Zoning Districts . residents, neighbors, community groups, investors and other stakeholders might rede- Eight of the ten Future Land Use categories cor- velop distressed properties . respond with current zoning . The Future Land Use categories correspond to exisiting zoning Entrepreneurial districts are mixed-use des- as follows: ignations that create the flexibility for different and mixed-uses . There are two different types Residential: of Entrepreneurial Districts in Pontiac . Traditional Neighborhood Residential = R1, R-1A Commercial, Industrial and Green Urban Multi-Family Residential = R2, R-3, R-4 The CIG Entrepreneurial District designation Suburban Residential = R-1B allows for commercial, industrial or green redevelopment . These areas are either adja- Mixed-Use: cent to existing light industrial facilities, are in Commercial and Residential Mixed Use = C-O, areas which historically hosted light industrial C-1, MUD or warehousing uses or are in areas where Downtown = C-2 access to main transportation routes (both rail and state trunk lines) create a market poten- Commercial: tial for light industrial use . As with the other Neighborhood Commercial = C-3 Entrepreneurial District designations, “Green” Regional Commercial = C-4, TC redevelopment may include community gardens, greenhouses, hoop houses, urban Office/Hospital/Health Care: forestry, stormwater detention, solar or wind C-O, G-O-T power generation, and re-forestation/natural areas . Industrial/Manufacturing: M-1, M-2, IP-1 Commercial, Residential and Green The CRG Entrepreneurial District designation Research and Development: allows for commercial, residential or green G-O-T redevelopment . Commercial and residential uses are self-explanatory . “Green” redevelop- Parks/Natural Area/Cemeteries: ment may include community gardens, green- R-O houses, hoop houses, urban forestry, stormwater detention, solar or wind power genera- Civic Space: tion, and re-forestation/natural areas . G-O-T

The Entrepreneurial Districts identified in this chapter require the creation of new zoning overlay districts . Utilizing the zoning overlay approach allows for the parcel to be redeveloped

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 89 according to either the underlying zoning or based on the standards of the new district . This flexibility for property owners is a key aspect of creating additional regulatory incentives for redeveloping within Pontiac .

Similarly, an Transit Oriented Development Overlay District will need to be created that works with the existing Downtown C-2 zoning to help incentivize higher density development directly adjacent to a new regional transit hub .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 90 Exhibit 42 Pontiac Future Land Use Map Future Land Use Map City of Pontiac, Michigan

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City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 91 Traditional Neighborhood Residential

This land use category is intended to plan for Residential traditional patterns of urban neighborhoods . Single-Family Detached House l These areas allow a range of building styles l and guidelines seek to replicate Pontiac’s tra- Attached Townhouse ditional neighborhood development pattern . Duplex/Tri-Plex l Quad-Plex Apartment l Buildings within this category include two- Bungalow Court and three-story duplexes and tri-plexes, row Courtyard Apartment houses (attached townhouses), two-story Mid-Rise Apartment Quad-Plex apartments and detached single- Live-work family homes on a wide range of lot sizes . This designation includes most of the City’s Lofts traditionally single-family neighborhoods . Non-Residential Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office These neighborhoods are meant to be built Mixed-use Commercial/Residential to a human scale and to prioritize people Office (pedestrians and bicycles) . Historically, these School l neighborhoods were anchored by a school l or a park . A range of community uses have re- Civic/Institutional placed the traditional anchors and flexibility is Health Care encouraged to allow for community-generated Industrial development to create new anchors or anchor institutions .

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: 36 feet Uses: Only residential and civic uses are permitted in the TNR areas . Attached Single Parking: Garages should not protrude beyond family residential buildings (up to 3 attached the front façade of the building, and should be units) will be permitted where such use does located in rear or side yards or as detached not adversely impact the established charac- buildings in the rear of the main dwelling . Ga- ter of the neighborhood . rages may be accessible from a service alley . The building form and setbacks should reflect Appearance and Materials: Roof forms and the surrounding block . Lawn areas are unsuit- building materials should be compatible with able for parking . the existing architectural character of the neighborhood . Front Porches: Unenclosed front porches should be allowed to encroach into the front yard setback area .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 92 Urban Multi-Family

This land use category is intended to plan Residential for higher density residential development, Single-Family Detached House l particularly along transit lines and adjacent to neighborhood commercial districts . These Attached Townhouse l districts permit building styles that historically Duplex/Tri-Plex l accommodate multi-family housing in urban Quad-Plex Apartment l communities . The acceptable building styles Bungalow Court l are listed in the table at right . Courtyard Apartment l Mid-Rise Apartment l Like the Traditional Neighborhood Residential, the Urban Multi-Family District is intended to Live-work be built at a human scale with people as the Lofts priority . The difference in these areas is that Non-Residential there is the opportunity for a higher concen- Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office tration of residential units and more apart- Mixed-use Commercial/Residential l ment-style buildings . Office School l Civic/Institutional l Health Care Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: 36 feet

Parking: Parking should be sited so that no parking area fronts a primary street .

Uses: Only residential and civic uses are permitted in the UMF areas . Mixed-use buildings may be appropriate in certain locations .

Appearance and Materials: Roof lines and building materials should be compatible with the existing architectural character of the neighborhood .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 93 Suburban Residential

This land use category covers the larger-lot, Residential post war suburban neighborhoods on the Single-Family Detached House l northern edge of the City . These areas are inherently different in form from other resi- Attached Townhouse dential neighborhoods in Pontiac, and for that Duplex/Tri-Plex reason, should not be replicated or expanded Quad-Plex Apartment in the current form . Bungalow Court Courtyard Apartment Properties in this area are characterized by Mid-Rise Apartment large lots, significant front and side setback Live-work distances, and front facing garages . These are neighborhoods that have been designed Lofts to automotive scale . These neighborhoods Non-Residential do not follow Pontiac’s traditional urban grid; Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office instead they are characterized by cul-de-sac Mixed-use Commercial/Residential streets with a single point of entry into the Office neighborhood . School l Civic/Institutional l Health Care Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: 36 feet Appearance and Materials: Building materials should reflect the character of the sur- Parking: Garages should not protrude be- rounding block area . yond the front façade of the building .

Front Porches: Unenclosed front porches should be allowed to encroach into the front yard setback area .

Uses: Only single-family detached residential and civic buildings are permitted in the Subur- ban Residential District .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 94 Mixed-Use: Transit Oriented Development

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is com- Residential pact, walkable development centered around Single-Family Detached House mass transit systems, stations and hubs . TODs are designed for those not wishing to Attached Townhouse depend on a car for their primary mode of Duplex/Tri-Plex transportation . Quad-Plex Apartment Bungalow Court TODs are mixed-use developments, with resi- Courtyard Apartment dential, retail and office uses all concentrated Mid-Rise Apartment within walking distance (roughly 1,500 feet) of Live-work l a major transit hub or station . These are high- density developments and require a signifi- Lofts l cant residential base to support the retail that Non-Residential is integral to the development . Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office Mixed-use Commercial/Residential l In Pontiac, this district applies only to the area Office around a potential transit hub located within School the Downtown Loop . Note this Mixed-Use Dis- trict is not idnetified separately on the map, it Civic/Institutional is part of the downtown District and is depen- Health Care dent upon the development of a mass transit Industrial hub downtown .

General Development Standards

Minimum Building Height: Three stories Appearance and Materials: Because this district only exists within Downtown, any Parking: Shared parking should be available building is subject to the standards of the as part of a larger parking system downtown . Downtown Historic District . Masonry, brick Parking should be located within 1,500 feet of and stone with metal accents are consistent the transit hub . with the character and architecture of the Downtown District . Limited use of dry-vit, Uses: Diverse uses are permitted and en- EIFS or synthetic materials is acceptable on couraged within the TOD District including upper stories . residential, office, retail, entertainment, professional services/commercial, civic, and parks .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 95 Mixed-Use: Commercial/Residential

Commercial/Residential Mixed-Use designa- Residential tion is designed to create vibrant buildings, Single-Family Detached House blocks and neighborhoods that have a variety of uses . Attached Townhouse Duplex/Tri-Plex Creating flexibility with ground floor uses is Quad-Plex Apartment essential to the long-term sustainability of Bungalow Court these areas . A building may include retail, Courtyard Apartment personal services, office, entertainment, and Mid-Rise Apartment restaurant/cafes . Buildings may have upper Live-work l floors with residential units – apartments or lofts. Upper floors may also be used for of- Lofts l fices and/or retail uses where appropriate. Non-Residential Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office Mixed-use Commercial/Residential l Office School Civic/Institutional Health Care Industrial

General Development Standards

Minimum Building Height: Two stories with Appearance and Materials: Masonry, brick a maximum of four stories and stone with metal accents consistent with the character and architecture of the sur- Parking: Shared parking should be required . rounding neighborhood . Limited use of dry- Parking areas may not front main public thor- vit, EIFS or synthetic materials is acceptable oughfares . on upper stories . Detailed design guidelines should be created . Uses: Retail, entertainment, dining, personal services, and other commercial uses . Resi- dential uses are limited to the second story and above .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 96 Regional Commercial

Regional Commercial areas are major retail Residential centers that attract customers from beyond Single-Family Detached House the immediate neighborhood . These centers are characterized by “Big Box” stores – those Attached Townhouse stores greater than 25,000 sq . ft . in size . An- Duplex/Tri-Plex chors for these centers may include grocery Quad-Plex Apartment stores, discount stores like Target and Wal- Bungalow Court Mart, junior department stores like Kohl’s, and Courtyard Apartment chain retailers like Best Buy or Home Depot . Mid-Rise Apartment Live-work These areas are designed to accommodate the typical auto-centric suburban shopping Lofts center standards with convenient parking, vis- Non-Residential ible signage, presence on a high-traffic thor- Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office l oughfare, etc . These areas are intended to Mixed-use Commercial/Residential l develop as single commercial areas . Design Office l standards for these areas are more flexible l than other design standards. This flexibility is School necessary so that these centers can respond Civic/Institutional to market trends and remain competitive . Health Care l Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: 25 feet Appearance and Materials: Special emphasis should be placed on high quality building Parking: 3 spaces per 1,000 s .f . of gross materials to present an attractive façade . leasable area . Parking areas shall include landscaping to soften the impact of large Building mass and roof lines should vary . paved areas . Generous landscaping and buffering must Uses: Retail, office, personal services, civic/ also be provided to mitigate any adverse im- institutional . Such uses must be developed as pact the development may have on surround- a single development . ing uses .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 97 Neighborhood Commercial

The Neighborhood Commercial land use des- Residential ignation is intended for smaller scale commer- Single-Family Detached House cial development that is designed to serve the l needs of the surrounding neighborhood . Attached Townhouse Duplex/Tri-Plex The site design of neighborhood commercial Quad-Plex Apartment areas and projects needs to enhance the Bungalow Court pedestrian experience by creating human- Courtyard Apartment scale places . While accommodating parking, Mid-Rise Apartment signage and landscaping is important, the key Live-work l design aspect of any neighborhood commercial development is to improve walkability and Lofts non-motorized access . Non-Residential Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office l Mixed-use Commercial/Residential l Office l School l Civic/Institutional Health Care l Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: 25 feet Appearance and Materials: No unfinished concrete or CMU block buildings visible from Parking: Create shared parking areas and street. Masonry buildings must be finished access drives wherever possible . Parking with brick, decorative veneer, split face CMU shall not front on a road without proper design or other product to be approved by the Plan- (walls, landscaping) to separate parking areas ning Commission. Unfinished concrete block from sidewalks/pedestrian areas . and external insulation systems such as Dry- Vit and EIFS are limited to 10% of the building Uses: Commercial - retail, office, restaurant, façade . personal services, civic/institutional, green production . Buildings must have windows on the 1st floor level to encourage interaction with pedestrians . Solid façades without any openings shall not be permitted .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 98 Office/Hospital/Health Care

This land use designation includes a wide Residential range of potential uses and is intended to pro- Single-Family Detached House vide the City and landowners with the vision and the guidelines to attract “new economy” Attached Townhouse businesses . Duplex/Tri-Plex Quad-Plex Apartment Building standards are flexible within the dis- Bungalow Court trict and should be based on the requirements Courtyard Apartment of the use . Mid-Rise Apartment Live-work Lofts Non-Residential Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office l Mixed-use Commercial/Residential Office l School l Civic/Institutional l Health Care l Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: No maximum . Appearance and Materials: Building materi- Appropriate building height should be de- als and design should be compatible with the termined based upon building location and surrounding area . Traditional, long-lasting design . building materials, i .e . brick, stone, glass, are strongly encouraged . Parking: Convenient, accessible parking . It may be a parking deck, surface lot, or a combination .

Uses: Health care, medical office, laboratory, research and development, information technology, office, hotel, conference center, entertainment, dining, and civic/institutional uses .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 99 Industrial/Manufacturing

The land use allows for manufacturing, ware- Residential housing, shipping/receiving/logistics opera- Single-Family Detached House tions, utilities, and other “heavy” and intense uses . These uses should be concentrated and Attached Townhouse planned in a way that provides ample buffer- Duplex/Tri-Plex ing for surrounding residential areas . Further- Quad-Plex Apartment more, these sites should be planned in a way Bungalow Court that minimizes the environmental impact of Courtyard Apartment the industrial uses . Mid-Rise Apartment Live-work Lofts Non-Residential Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office l Mixed-use Commercial/Residential Office l School Civic/Institutional Health Care Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: No maximum . tial areas . Appropriate building height should be de- termined based upon building location and Uses: Industrial, manufacturing, automotive design . repair, utilities, warehouse, shipping/receiving, and outdoor storage . Parking: Parking to accommodate employees and visitors is typically required . All park- Appearance and Materials: Buildings should ing should be located on site . Parking areas be designed to be compatible with surround- should be landscaped to break up the appear- ing development . High quality building materi- ance of large paved areas and screened from als should be used, particularly on the front adjacent uses . façade, and/or those façades adjacent to a public street . Loading and freight areas should be screened from views from main roads and should be sufficiently buffered from surrounding residen-

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 100 Research & Development

The land use allows for light industrial, tech- Residential nology and office uses conducted completely Single-Family Detached House in an enclosed building . These uses should be concentrated and planned in a way that Attached Townhouse provides ample buffering for surrounding resi- Duplex/Tri-Plex dential areas . Quad-Plex Apartment Bungalow Court Courtyard Apartment Mid-Rise Apartment Live-work Lofts Non-Residential Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office l Mixed-use Commercial/Residential Office l School l Civic/Institutional l Health Care l Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: No maximum . Appropriate building height should be de- Uses: Light industrial and office uses when termined based upon building location and conducted indoors . No on-site retail sales or design . outdoor storage .

Parking: Parking to accommodate employ- Appearance and Materials: Buildings should ees and visitors and tends to be more park- be designed to be compatible with surrounding than industrial uses . All parking should ing development . High quality building materi- be located on site . Parking areas should be als should be used . landscaped to break up the appearance of large paved areas, and screened from adjacent uses . Loading and freight areas should be screened from view from main roads and sufficiently buffered from surrounding residential areas .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 101 Parks, Recreation & Natural Areas

This land use designation includes existing Residential parkland, cemeteries, and sensitive natural Single-Family Detached House resources . These areas are not intended for intense development and require the strictest Attached Townhouse limitation of impervious surface and the most Duplex/Tri-Plex innovative stormwater detention/treatment re- Quad-Plex Apartment quirements . All of these areas require a buffer Bungalow Court of at least 50 feet around any area identified Courtyard Apartment on the Michigan Natural Features Inventory Mid-Rise Apartment Map . Live-work These properties have also been identified in Lofts the 2012-2016 Pontiac Parks and Recreation Non-Residential Master Plan, which is referenced and ex- Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office cerpted in this Master Plan and available in its Mixed-use Commercial/Residential entirety on-line at: Office http://www .pontiac .mi .us/departments/pub- School lic_works/parks_and_recreation .php Civic/Institutional l Health Care Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: One story for Appearance and Materials: Since most recreational buildings only . of the permitted uses are publicly owned, consistent building materials should be high Parking: Impervious parking areas should be quality and from one area to another . These limited and stormwater runoff captured on-site areas play a key role in the City’s identity and wherever possible . should be treated as such .

Uses: Parks, greenway, recreation, open space, cemeteries, community center .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 102 Civic

This land use designation includes areas Residential used for civic and institutional purposes . Single-Family Detached House Public use includes all fire stations operated Attached Townhouse by the Waterford Fire Department, all stations Duplex/Tri-Plex and substations operated by the Oakland Quad-Plex Apartment County Sherriff, Pontiac Public Library, all cur- Bungalow Court rently open schools operated by the Pontiac Courtyard Apartment School District, and the Oakland County Ser- Mid-Rise Apartment vice Centers and municipal campus . Live-work Lofts Non-Residential Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office Mixed-use Commercial/Residential Office School Civic/Institutional l Health Care Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: No maximum . Appearance and Materials: Civic and institutional use buildings should be designed Parking: Where possible, parking should be to promote the desired image of the City . All in the rear of buildings or otherwise separated buildings should be located so they are easily from the street frontage . accessible and visible from public streets . Ma- terials should be high quality and traditional . Uses: Municipal or County office buildings, public safety buildings, schools, library, civic All public use buildings should be LEED- center . certified green buildings whenever possible and should always be as energy-efficient as current technology allows .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 103 Entrepreneurial: Residential, Commercial & Green

The Entrepreneurial: Residential, Commercial Residential and Green (E-RCG) is a mixed-use district Single-Family Detached House l that creates a great deal of use and form l flexibility to encourage the positive re-use of Attached Townhouse vacant or under-utilized property in strategic Duplex/Tri-Plex l locations around the City . Quad-Plex Apartment l Bungalow Court Locations identified on the Future Land Use Courtyard Apartment l Map represent areas near or in close prox- Mid-Rise Apartment imity to neighborhood anchors or locations l with ample vacant property or demolished Live-work buildings. These areas have been identified Lofts l by the public during the public input process Non-Residential as areas with the potential to be catalysts for Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office l other positive re-investment in these neigh- Mixed-use Commercial/Residential l borhoods . Office Neighborhood economic development will School come in the form of small, largely local en- Civic/Institutional trepreneurs who start businesses and create Health Care jobs in the process . Therefore, these areas Industrial allow for more flexibility to attract creative and motivated local entrepreneurs .

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: Two to three Appearance and Materials: Should reflect stories, depending upon the context of the the surrounding context of the location . surrounding district .

Parking: For mixed-use and commercial projects, shared parking should be prioritized .

Uses: Residential and commercial mixed-use, green including community gardens, cottage food production, urban forestry, orchards, greenhouses or hoophouses, stormwater detention/green infrastructure, deconstruction training/storage/sales, solar or wind energy generation, artist studios/production facilities .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 104 Entrepreneurial: Industrial, Commercial & Green

The Entrepreneurial: Industrial, Commercial Residential and Green (E-ICG) is a mixed-use district that Single-Family Detached House creates a great deal of use and form flexibility to encourage the positive re-use of vacant or Attached Townhouse under-utilized property in strategic locations Duplex/Tri-Plex around the City . Quad-Plex Apartment Bungalow Court Locations identified on the Future Land Use Courtyard Apartment Map represent areas near or in close proxim- Mid-Rise Apartment ity to vacant or under-utilized property that is Live-work currently or was once used for commercial or industrial purposes . Lofts Non-Residential Neighborhood economic development will Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office come in the form of small, largely local en- Mixed-use Commercial/Residential trepreneurs who start businesses and create Office jobs in the process . Therefore, these areas allow for more flexibility to attract creative and School motivated local entrepreneurs . Civic/Institutional l Health Care Industrial

General Development Standards

Maximum Building Height: Two to Three generation, artist studios/production facilities, stories, depending upon the context of the sur- light manufacturing for artisan materials/prod- rounding area . ucts, craft breweries/distilleries (with limited or no on-site consumption) . Parking: Where possible, parking should be in the rear of buildings or otherwise separated Appearance and Materials: Should reflect from the street frontage . Shared parking areas the surrounding context of the location . should be prioritized .

Uses: Light industrial and commercial mixed- use, green including community gardens, cottage food production, urban forestry, orchards, greenhouses or hoophouses, stormwater detention/green infrastructure, deconstruction training/storage/sales, solar or wind energy

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 105 Downtown

Downtown Pontiac is a tremendous asset Residential for the City . The building stock is replete with Single-Family Detached House l character and individuality and the core of the l Downtown is walkable . Attached Townhouse Duplex/Tri-Plex l Buildings within this area should reflect the Quad-Plex Apartment l requirements of the Downtown Commercial Bungalow Court Historic District to create harmony between Courtyard Apartment l the existing buildings and new development . Mid-Rise Apartment Buildings should also reinforce the walkable l character of the district with ground floor Live-work façades that are primarily glass designed Lofts l consistent with the Secretary of Interior’s Non-Residential standards for rehabilitation . Solid walls should Single-use Commercial/Retail/Office l be avoided along street frontage within the Mixed-use Commercial/Residential l Downtown District . Architectural elements Office should clearly differentiate a bottom, middle, and top of the buildings . This can be done in School a number of ways – with materials, awnings, Civic/Institutional lighting, signage, etc . Health Care Industrial Enhancing the architectural character of Downtown will help to create a more unique and individual sense of place and will help Pontiac attract new development and business investment .

General Development Standards

Minimum Building Height: Three stories . No entertainment, dining, residential, health care, maximum height . research and development, information technology, civic, parks and open space . Parking: Consolidate parking in decks at strategic locations throughout the downtown Appearance and Materials: Must be compat- and include on-street parking opportunities on ible with existing historic architecture and the all streets . Surface parking should be limited design guidelines . within the downtown area .

Uses: Individual buildings may be mixed use or single use buildings . Acceptable uses in this district include office, retail, commercial,

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 106 Chapter 10: Zoning and Implementation Plan

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 107 Zoning and Implementation Plan Summary

Chapter 10

A comprehensive update of the City’s ordi- Implementation nances was completed and the changes were The Pontiac Master Plan represents a vision adopted in 2012 . Nevertheless, successful for the future of the City – a vision to seize the communities continually reassess existing opportunity to attract New Economy invest- zoning codes to ensure that: ment and to build upon the City’s historic and • best practices are encouraged or required cultural assets . The Plan in itself is a vision and codified where appropriate and provides goals and objectives that should • all review processes are efficient be considered in daily decision-making . • the ordinance is in compliance with relevant state laws and statutes Successful implementation of the Plan will • the document is user-friendly and easy to be the result of actions taken by elected and understand appointed officials, City staff, partner public • development regulations are effective in sector agencies, and private citizens and creating the types of places the community organizations . desires .

This chapter identifies and describes actions Change Zoning Designations (rezone) on and tools available to implement the vision parcels where necessary to implement the created in this Master Plan . Broadly stated, land uses recommended by this plan . Rezon- the Plan will be implemented through the fol- ings will be necessary to implement many of lowing three channels: the new zoning districts which will replace the 1 . City regulations and ordinances - primarily existing zoning districts in that area . New zon- zoning . ing overlay districts will have to be adopted 2 . Public investments and other economic following the procedures set forth in P .A . 110 development measures . of 2006 (the Michigan Zoning Enabling Act), 3 . Continuous planning actions by the City as amended . Council, Planning Commission, and other appointed boards . Upgrade Existing Zoning Regulations to require pedestrian-friendly site design and Finally, this chapter concludes with Exhibit 41 to raise the minimum landscaping, building that summarizes the recommended actions or design, parking, and other similar zoning strategies, and the entities primarily respon- requirements . Raising the minimum standards sible for implementing each action or strategy . applicable to conventional development in existing zoning districts will improve the appearance of development in the City – a key Zoning and Regulation to changing the image of Pontiac that is ab- Land development review and regulation is a solutely essential for recruiting new economy key implementation tool to achieve the vision investment . of the Master Plan . To realize that vision, the City must ensure that ordinances and regulations permit the type and style of development recommended by the Master Plan .

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 108 Exhibit 43 Implementation Plan

Area Project Importance Timeframe Responsibilities Plan Implement PC CC Mayor CA Dept Other 1 1 1 A Develop and Adopt Entrepreneurial Overlay Districts ▪ PLAN

1 1 1 A PLAN Develop and Adopt Transit Oriented Development Overlay District ▪ Zoning and Regulations Create pedestrian-friendly site design standards for all residential, commercial 1 1 1 P PLAN and mixed-use districts Various amendments related to Best Practices, including (but not limited to) 1 1 1 A PLAN procedures, definitions, standards and physical design ▪ Map amendments 2 1 1 ▪ A A PLAN Adopt Complete Streets ordinance and policy 1 1 1 A 1 1 1 Develop complete streets engineering standards ▪ ENG PLAN & 2 1 2 A P Develop and adopt a city-wide Non-Motorized Plan ▪ ENG ENG &/or 2 2 2 BUILD Transportation & Complete city-wide sidewalk inventory Infrastructure Work with SMART to expand service hours on existing routes and create new SMART, 2 4 4 P east-west routes ▪ RTA SMART, 1 4 4 P P Work with SMART and the RTA to create Transit Hub in Downtown Pontiac ▪ RTA Work with Oakland County to implement the Downtown Transportation OCPEDS, 1 4 4 ENG Assessment ▪ MDOT 1 4 4 A A P P OCPEDS Extend Clinton River Trail through Downtown and connect to Auburn Hills Create blue ribbon committee to assist Pontiac School District with marketing 1 1 1 P P P PSD and redeveloping vacant properties ▪ 2 1 4 Develop and produce business attraction and marketing materials ▪ PDBA 2 1 1 Develop real-time database of re-development opportunities ▪ 3 1 1 Improve the web presence of Pontiac's economic development opportunities ▪ Build on existing partnerships to encourage redevelopment within NP, NG, 1 1 4 A P Entrepreneurial Districts ▪ OCPEDS 2 1 4 Partner with MEDC to offer business training ▪ MEDC MEDC, 2 4 4 P CD Economic Development Increase capacity of inexperienced developers/property owners OCPEDS MEDC, 2 4 4 ▪ OCPEDS, Create partnerships to expand funding for small business PRIVATE Partner with Oakland County to provide additional business assistance for low 1 1 4 P OCPEDS income business owners ▪ Create local organization or partnership to provide technical assistance to small PDBA, 1 1 2 P P CD businesses OCPEDS Identify neighborhood business funding opportunities 1 1 4 P CD Work with neighborhood groups to develop Neighborhood economic NP, NG, 2 2 4 P P CD development plans OCPEDS Work with Pontiac Housing Commission to prioritize the sale and 1 1 1 P PHC redevelopment of the former Crystal Lake Homes site ▪ Develop and Adopt a Climate Action Plan 1 1 2 A A P ▪ PLAN Update stormwater management standards 1 1 2 P P ENG Adopt Best Management Practices (BMPs) and new standards for stormwater 1 1 2 A ENG management and site design ▪ Identify key sensitive natural areas 2 2 2 PLAN OCPEDS Identify MNFI priority areas 3 2 2 PLAN OCPEDS 2 1 1 Adopt policy for low-maintainance native plantings on city properties ▪ CD, ENG 3 1 2 BUILD Adopt LEED building policy for muncipal buildings ▪ 1 1 2 A Develop incentives for LEED certification of private buildings ▪ PLAN Create public space downtown with symbolic representation of the Clinton 3 1 3 A P P PDBA River 2 1 4 DPW Remove obsolete fixtures and facilities as outlined in the CIP table. ▪ Repair facilities that are damaged in a timely manner 2 4 4 P DPW Parks , Environment and Design and select materials for minimal maintenance 2 4 4 DPW Natural Features 2 1 1 A Modify City code to allow for advertising and signage at City parks. ▪ Seek grants from national, state, regional and local agencies and private 1 4 4 A CD foundations ▪ Seek to establish endowments for parks to ensure long-term maintenance of 1 1 3 P CD existing and/or new facilities. ▪ Seek funds (internally or externally) to increase staffing related to management, operations, programming and maintenance at the parks and 1 4 4 P ▪ senior centers. Continue conversations with Oakland County regarding a possible County Park 2 4 4 P OCPARC within the City limits ▪ Foster relationships with the Public and Private schools to seek opportunities for joint agreements regarding use, maintenance, improvements and long-term 1 4 4 ▪ PSD youth programs. Consider and be open to partnerships with private organizations for the joint 2 4 4 management of facilities ▪ Bolster the Adopt-A-Park program and adoption of Right-of-Way areas 1 1 4 P NG throughout the City ▪

Key Priority Responsibility DPW Public Works Staff 1 High ▪ Lead/Coordinating Body PLAN Planning Staff CD Community Development Staff 2 Medium A Approval BUILD Building Safety Staff ENG Engineering Staff 3 Low P Key Participant PHC Pontiac Housing Comm. OCPARC Oak. Cty. Parks & Rec Timeframe NG Neighborhood Groups PSD Pontiac School District Pontiac Downtown Bus. Assn. 1 1-2 Years SMART SMART PDBA 2 3-5 Years RTA Regional Transit Auth. MEDC Mich. Econ. Dev. Corp. 3 6-10 years OCPEDS Oak. Cty Planning & Econ. Dev. NP Non-profits 4 on-going MDOT Mich. Dept. of Trans. PRIVATE Private Sector

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City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 110 Chapter 11: Public Participation

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 111 Public Participation

Chapter 11

As the key component of this Master Plan Additionally, a survey was developed and update, public participation has guided the distributed at MI Works and all of the public key goals, objectives and recommendations workshops . The summary of completed sur- contained herein . This process was guided by veys is included in Appendix A . the Master Plan Steering Committee (MPSC), appointed by Mayor Waterman in January The following represents a sampling of notes 2014 . The MPSC met weekly through Febru- and minutes recorded at some of the public ary and March to develop goals and objec- meetings . tives, develop an internet survey, schedule public workshops, and refine materials for broader public engagement . Comprehensive List/ Community Session Notes City staff facilitated four different, “Train the District 2 Advisory Group, Trainer” workshops on March 13 and March Seminole Hills Sub, Doctor’s 20, 2014 . During these sessions members of Hospital, 3/25/14 the MPSC, Planning Commission and residents learned how to most effectively ask What do I love about my neighborhood? questions to collect useful information, docu- What are the anchors? ment meeting input and effectively facilitate a Wide open green space at Washington Jr . public workshop . Following these events, ten High School public workshops were scheduled by certi- Lake Street and Crystal Lake waterfront fied trainers throughout the community. Each Indian Village Park City Council District had at least one public Beaudette Park workshop focused on those neighborhoods, Clinton River Trail and there were several workshops that were Wessen Lawn Tennis Club intended to draw participants from across the Washington Middle School building city . “Franklin Boulevard” Murphy House B&B The purpose of these neighborhood meet- Franklin Boulevard Gallery ings was to have residents talking with other Palmer House @ M-59 residents to identify: Bronx Deli 1 . key neighborhood assets or anchors Detroit Fish Company 2 . opportunities for redevelopment James K . Boulevard Sylvan Lake Area 3 . major non-motorized routes Acorn Kitchen and Bath 4 . obstacles to pedestrian and non- Camera Mart motorized transportation Tel-Huron Parts 5 . areas of concern (regarding blight) Habitat for Humanity Oakland County Campus Exhibit 42 shows a complete listing of the Doctor’s Hospital dates and locations of the Master Plan Up- Bike Trails date Public Workshops . Fire Stations Downtown Treasures (Buildings)

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 112 Exhibit 44 Public Engagement Meetings

Date Location District Facilitator March 18, 2014 City Hall 7 Kermit Williams March 25, 2014 Newman Church City-wide Charlene Draine March 25, 2014 Doctor’s Hospital 2 Mona Parlove April 5, 2014 Calvary Church 5 Lucy Payne Mary Pietila, Kathalee James April 12, 2014 Baldwin Center 3 and Mona Parlove Kathalee James and Charlene April 19, 2014 Woodward Estates 1 Draine April 21, 2014 Colonial Medows Apts . 5 Lucy Payne Mayor Deirdre Waterman, Mona Golden Opportunity Club @ April 22, 2014 City-wide Parlove, Sean Kammer, James Bowen Center Sabo and Gordon Bowdell April 27, 2014 Unity Church 2 Evelyn LeDuff April 29, 2014 PDBA @ 51 Saginaw Grill Downtown James Sabo Committee of 50 @Welcome May 1, 2014 City-wide James Sabo Baptist Church May 2, 2014 Calvary Church 4, 5 & 6 Lucy Payne and Randy Carter Mona Parlove and Dayne May 2, 2014 Grace Centers of Hope City-wide Thomas

Washington School can be great asset Unity Church Post Office Bethany Baptist Oakland Pointe Shopping Center Missionary Baptist

Economic Drivers Golden Opportunity Club, All Tel-Huron City Districts, Bowen Center, Businesses on Telegraph 4/22/14 Bronx Deli Map Exercise: Districts 1,3,4, Mona Par- Goldner Walsh love Glass Blowing Mr . Allen Shoes What do I love about my neighborhood? Lee Contracting What are the anchors? Re-purpose the schools Older houses Large undeveloped greenspace Vanguard Arches on the old churches Drive Bowen Center Increase small businesses along M-59 Neighbors Oakland Pointe Mall Neighborhoods Churches Indian Village Historic area Seminole Hills St . Joseph Hospital Ottawa Hills Walking trails Pioneer Highlands Yards well maintained Stone Gate Development Small businesses Welcome Baptist Church Landscape of neighborhood

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 113 Parks No EM control Post office Center of county Map Exercise: District 1, 2, James Sabo Picking up after pets Pharmacies What do I love about my neighborhood? Lafayette Market with music What are the anchors? Crystal Lake Golf Course Kappa House Earlmoor Sheriff patrol visible Good neighbors LA Fitness Macedonia Church New homes, quiet area St Joseph Hospital Walk from home downtown New home Unity Park Retro fitness Well-Kept homes All Saints Church Market Golf Course crystal lake Banks Quiet neighborhood McLaren Hospital Walkable to exercise Wisner School and Museum Bowen Center Gas stations are close Home Depot M 1 concourse Dairy Queen Home depot Marathon Gas station GM Phoenix Center DR’s Hospital City Hall Downtown Sheriff Dept Goldner Walsh Courthouse What we want… Franklin Gallery Comm gardens on vacant lots Library Do something with closed schools Hayes Jones Tennis Ctr Grocery store Meijer/Kroger More Parks What we want to see… Clean Up GM South Blvd More restaurants Develop Lake/Gillespie streets Major retail (Target, Meijer) More jobs businesses Make Ottawa 2-way Community centers Strong Schools Demo vacant homes Movie theater Better transportation Bike Trails Tele-Van bring back Sidewalks improved Batting cages/go karts Phoenix Center make $ Zap Zone Street Lights work Improve walking trail Better snow removal Improve sidewalks Repurpose Washington School Keep Woodward Loop Repurpose Webster School Keep Woodward 1-way Less group homes Use non-violent to clean Clinton river access Open Saginaw Woodward Green spaces Open Woodward 2-way Better Public Transportation Clean GM Validation UPS in Pontiac Speed Bumps New Transportation Center ID renters in houses Community gardens Bowling alley House by M59 addressed Basketball court vac lots

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 114 Boys Girls Club Map Exercise: District 6, Gordon Bowdell Get rid TAB board Get rid Sobota What do I love about my neighborhood? Vacant Schools for Community Centers What are the anchors? Harrison Jr . Park, Univer Dr Map Exercise: District 7, 5, Kathalee James Walk to the parks & Sean Kammer Quiet neighborhoods Low congestion What do I love about my neighborhood? Commercial stores close-by What are the anchors? Like SFR houses Quiet Neighborhood Nice Neighbors What we want… Pontiac Foodland Repurpose schools Rite Aid After school care Power Kids Company Job training center Nice Apartments Kid training Salvation Army Safer walking areas Murphy Park Trees trimmed/replaced Village of Oakland Woods Grocery store nearby!!! Colony Ln Senior Ctr Increase owner occupy Purdue School Transit Center downtown Increase # bus routes What we want… More restaurants/food places End Vacant Prop Empty Lots gone Committee of 50 Input, Repurpose Purdue School Welcome Baptist Church, 5/1/14 Repurpose Longfellow What is great about Pontiac, Why do Repurpose all schools people come here? Keep Phoenix Center Not congested Need Wal-Mart Walkable get there fast No More Liquor Lotto Open space clean air Need Comm Centers Easy access other places Bus Trans in neighborhoods Active family community Enforce dog/cat ordinances Bike riding Rehab sidewalks Sledding at Murphy park More sidewalks Friendly people Incentives to attract business Open gov’t TV access Businesses bring jobs County Seat here Improve the roads Access to county info What happens Cons Pwr site? County more cooperative Do something Silverdome Access to healthcare Recruit hi-tech co. like HP? Oakland Comm College Fix potholes Baker College Enforce city codes better What we want to see, these are possibilities… County as Econ Develop tool Leverage Pontiac for funds/grants Move Farm Mkt to downtown

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 115 Turn negative to positive Pontiac Downtown Business Tax revert prop to comm gardens Association, Owner Input, Education promise zone 4/29/14 Early College access in H .S . What is great about Pontiac, Why do Intern partnerships w/hospitals people come here? More students in OTEC Central Location More positive promotion Entertainment District Art district downtown Garden District Take advantage positive attitudes 3 Hospitals Use Aff .Care .A as econ devel tool Historical Architecture Clinics & Doctors & Admin staff College Downtown Urban Ag as econ devl tool No Freeway thru town Farmer mkt lot 9 Music Venues Build cooperation bet/stakeholders Art District Reality of Hope is here Business Diversity Get smart people more involved Library Rapid Transit next few: Reduced Crime Make sure transit goes downtown Largest Haunted House Bring back televan Pontiac County Seat Use Church positive influence Citizen Diversity Attendance awareness for schools Parks and Lakes Want street signs put up 2500 spc parkg structure Promotion is vital Phoenix Center venue Create Pontiac Museum Strand Theater Clinton River Trail Phoenix Center: Great sidewalks Correct no handicap access 2 Bed and Breakfasts Keep Phoenix, open up to downtown Room to grow Remove Phoenix, open route downtown Housing downtown Keep Phoenix, get good marketer Farmer Markets Keep Phoenix, need more study Human Services Keep Phoenix, Oak County supported bond New investment here effort One-Stop Ready City Keep Phoenix, need marketing Chamber of Commerce If Phoenix removed, no parking for downtown Black Chamber Commerce Not fair to sell lot 9 & not coordinate what happens to Phoenix What we want to see, possibilities… Business incubators Concerns: Antique District Stop irrelevant background checks Landscaped areas Grandparents should get free com college, Mass Transit Rail example to kids Faster bus system Industrial property inventory out to realtors Green initiatives Seek $$ for alternative energy efforts econ Sustainability develop Open the Phoenix Metered Parking Manage Resid Parking Complete Streets Bike Friendly downtown

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 116 Eliminate one-way streets Expand transportation study Business Friendly policies Police downtown horse Police downtown flatfoot Open Phoenix ctr & parking Solid post-court plan Phoenix Closed circuit cameras in loop Region econ develop plan Encourage district council input Redline changes in master plan doc

Concerns: Parking still problem Meters? Yes, No? What happens to meter poles

Grace Center District 6, Grace Gospel Fellowship, 5/2/14 What is great about Pontiac, Why do people come here? Close to 75 Drug Stores Parks Oakland Baseball diamonds Oak Hill Cemetery Aaron Perry Park GM Facilities Post Office Sorting Barber shops Auto Repair Gas Stations Learning Center Family Dollar Habitat for Humanity

What we want to see, possibilities… Road improvements Community Center Grocery Store Neighborhood Clean up Stop Dumping Streets to be cleaned Remove old cars Remove dead trees

City of Pontiac • 2014 Master Plan Update 117 500 Griswold Avenue, Suite 2500, Detroit, MI 48226 313.961.3650 • www.wadetrim.com 500 Griswold Avenue Suite 2500 Detroit, MI 48226 313.961.3650 www.wadetrim.com

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