Satellite Innovation and WRC-23 Future Agenda Items

Gonzalo de Dios, Associate General Counsel 26 September 2019 Global Trends Reflect a New Type of Industrial Revolution

Bandwidth Distributed Commoditization Consolidation

Broadband for Wireless Everything

Higher Smart Throughput Everything

SDN, NFV and IoT Cloud

Connectivity Secure Everywhere A Network of Networks

. 5G is a combination of new technology working hand-in-hand with existing technology: a “network of networks” . Satellites already deliver mobile backhaul, push data services, linear and non-linear TV, converged media, broadband services and many M2M services that will be part of the 5G ecosystem . In a hyper-connected world of Smart Cities, IoT and Connected Transport Systems reliability is key -- satellites add vital redundancy to territorial networks, enhancing the resilience of the overall 5G network

Satellite and 5G https://esoa.net/cms- data/positions/Satellite_5G_Spectrum_052017.pdf Consensus on Desired Future Product and Service Features HorizonsIntelsat 3e and 32e Intelsat 38 Launch Evolution in Space Technology

 EpicNG high performance, next generation satellite platform — Utilizes C-band, Ku-band and Ka-band, wide beams, spot beams, and frequency reuse technology to support new and existing applications — Based on an open architecture system and engineered for backwards Intelsat 35e compatibility; provides additional resiliency and redundancy for customers — Customers realize improved network and cost efficiencies as ground technologies develop

Optimized for Wireless, Enterprise and Mobility Applications

Satellite In-Service Date Orbital Location Intelsat 33e 1Q 2017 60º E Intelsat 32e 1Q 2017 317º E Intelsat 35e 3Q 2017 326º E Intelsat 37e 1Q 2018 342º E Horizons 3e 1Q 2019 169º E Intelsat EpicNG fleet provides up to 15x throughput per satellite, lowering cost per bit Over 200 Gbps Today, and Growing

IS-32e at 317°E

IS-33e at 60°E

IS-35e at 325.5°E IS-37e at 342°E* H-3e at 169°E H-3e at 169°E

IS-29e at 310°E Mission Extension Vehicle (MEV)

. Extends satellite operational life . Capable of docking with a GEO satellite with minimal interruption to operations . Enables satellite operator to significantly extend satellite mission life and activate new markets Evolution in Earth Station Technology Smaller satellite antennas allow deployment of satellite services more broadly

. Satellite antenna technology is evolving to meet new customer needs . 5G is accelerating antenna technology development

Traditional satellite HTS

Smaller remote ESA Parabolic terminal Antenna

Electronically Steered Array Faster speeds

Mechanically Steered Array A Broader Portfolio of “Space-Based” Platforms Enhanced by a standards-based terrestrial infrastructure

GEO Coverage

MEO Density

LEO Latency

HAPS UAV

Intelsat Network Core

Smart City

Integrated User Integrated User Software Defined Terminal Terminal Terrestrial Network

Media Connected Car Telco/ISP The Connected Car

120M $256B Cars Connected car manufactured market 2025 2023 Connected Car (Passenger Broadband)

• Luxury Consumer/VVIP . Short-term (2018-2022) - broadband to passengers . 70cm Antenna served by Flex GEO managed services . Offered thru Service Provider partner, Kymeta . JLR in trials with Kymeta on Intelsat GEO network Targeting markets not served by LTE cellular . Gigabyte service plans

. Mid-term (2021-2024) – hybrid solution to passengers . Integrated 40cm Antenna (GEO/LEO) . Offered thru Service Provider partner, Kymeta . Addresses line-of-site issues, latency for passenger applications • Recreation . Usage (Gigabyte) service plans The need to connect more things beyond the reach of cellular coverage, even in off-grid areas Remote IoT Base Station

Soil Sensor

IoT Gateway Air Quality Sensor

Antenna

Intelsat IoT UI (Not Shown) Solar Panel Rain (Not Shown) Gauge Tysons HQ Installation A World Unconnected There are nearly 8 billion people in the world today, but billions still remain unconnected.

~4 Billion | Connected Have access to 3G/4G and are online 3 Billion | Covered - Not Connected Have access to 3G/4G but not connecting 1 Billion | Not Covered – Not Connected Live in areas without access to 3G/4G

Source: GSMA | Connected Society State of Mobile Internet Connectivity 2018 The Rural Challenge

The connectivity gap is largely rural. Non- urban areas have the most underserved and unserved populations.

Peri-urban: 50% of non-urban market and <1 hour from town/city of 50K or more Peri-rural: 30% of non-urban market and 1-3 hours from town/city of 50K or more Remote rural: 20% of non-urban market and >3 hours from town/city of 50K or more

Source: ITU – Connecting the Unconnected – Davos Annual Meeting 2017 Relying on Fiber Backhaul Alone Is Not Always Ideal

Urban Peri-urban Peri-rural Remote rural

$ $$ $$$ $$$$ Fiber + conduit material costs, on average, $11.56 per meter| 10 kms = $115K Installation can take 6 months to a year or more to cover just 10 Source: Cost at-a-Glance: Fiber and Wireless Networks, US Dept of Commerce / NTIA / kilometers BroadbandUSA Relying on Microwave Backhaul also Comes with Challenges

Urban Peri-urban Peri-rural Remote rural

$ $$ $$$ $$$$ Cost of one microwave site is on average ~$121K or more Signal fades after 48-64 kms, requiring multiple microwave sites across long distances

Source: Cost at-a-Glance: Fiber and Wireless Networks, US Dept of Commerce / NTIA / BroadbandUSA Connecting over Space-Based Backhaul

Urban Peri-urban Peri-rural Remote rural

Geo-stationary constellation Distance and topography Expands the possibilities of covering 99% of world’s are not constraints or network planning, populated areas factors of cost connecting more sites

$ Single pool of capacity supports multiple applications across the entire network No distance, topography, or line-of-sight constraints, and can support 10, 100, or 1000s of sites Space-Based Wireless Coverage Solutions for Connecting Unconnected Areas

Fully managed cellular backhaul solution for Complete BTS turnkey solution for Complete Wi-Fi service solution for bridging deploying 2G/3G/4G/5G coverage providing 2G/3G/4G coverage in hard-to- the broadband connectivity gap in remote reach remote areas. areas. Ideal for coverage expansion in rural/remote areas, and for network continuity Ideal for coverage expansion with Ideal for any business or organization wanting complete end-to-end turnkey solution, to provide internet access to the unconnected and for license save Mobile Service for Remote Rural Connections Intelsat worked with mobile operator MTN, as well as other partners, to deploy 3G sites in Uganda. “At MTN, extending the footprint of our network and services to ensure that we connect more people has been and remains remains a high priority for our company”, said Gordon Kyomukama, CTO, MTN. New Business Models for Expanding Mobile Coverage to Ultra Remote Rural Areas Intelsat entered into a partnership with Africa Mobile Networks in 2018 to bring mobile connectivity to unserved communities in sub-Saharan Africa With over 500 remote sites as of July 2019, 1.7 million people have access to mobile coverage for the first time Wi-Fi Service Providing Connections for Kiosks

In 2017 Intelsat partnered with Coca-Cola and EKOCENTER to deploy Wi-Fi community access to 10 different sites across Kenya and Tanzania At the EKOCENTER sites, Wi-Fi access was paid for utilizing a pre-paid voucher program. Wi-Fi Service Providing Connections for Refugee Camps

In 2017, Intelsat and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) provided Wi-Fi connectivity to support an ICT lab for the Ampain Refugee Camp in Ghana Ensuring Reliable Connections across Japan 4G upgrade of 4,400 sites throughout Japan – small cell sites and macro/LTE cell sites Coverage of the entire country for disaster recovery and network backup Cost effective solution compared to terrestrial backhaul alternatives, such as fiber The Role of Regulators

Authorities should be looking at two key areas for review and reform: 1. Regulatory frameworks should be reviewed and updated to promote market dynamism, competition and consumer welfare, while discarding legacy rules that are no longer relevant in the context of the digital ecosystem 2. Governments should reduce the sector- specific tax burden to encourage investment in new technologies. By setting the right regulatory context, governments create incentives for technological innovation and investment that benefit all of society Regulations and Licensing Needs to Enable New Services Earth station licensing

. Individual License for each earth station at . Blanket License for ubiquitously known locations deployed earth station at unknown – Suitable for gateway stations - larger location antennas (typically >5m) – Suitable for small antennas with identical – Interference coordination with other characteristics (typically <2m) terrestrial operations is feasible – Spectrum typically not shared with other services – Solution for consumers terminals, including Earth Stations in Motion (ESIM) Beyond WRC-19 --- AI 10: WRC-23 Agenda Technical and regulatory provisions for the operation of aero terminals communicating with GSO FSS networks in 12.75-13.25 GHz (E-s) frequency band

. 13 GHz Aeronautical Earth Stations in Motion (A-ESIM) – Need for broadband services to passengers on aircraft continues to grow due to increased demand for internet-based applications for aviation industry and passengers – 12.75-13.25 GHz band is allocated to FSS globally subject to AP30B – Allowing aero operations in this spectrum provides satellite network operators ability to use existing and future capacity to meet growing needs in this sector . Since aero services are global, market would benefit from a globally harmonized framework . Aero services can be introduced in a manner that protects existing and future fixed service deployments . Use of AP30B spectrum for aero services will not impact AP30B allotments – Similar to any other earth station operating in AP30B frequency assignments, aero terminals are to be operated within service area and characteristics notified for earth stations of GSO FSS network and should not cause any harmful interference nor limit usability of allotment/assignments AI 10: 13 GHz A-ESIM

. Growth of data demand to aircraft is increasing rapidly . 42% CAGR 10-year growth (165 Gbps by 2026) in Ku-band alone . Data demand quickly outpacing supply Beyond WRC-19 - AI 10: WRC-23 Agenda Additional IMT identification

. WRC-19 AI 1.13 calls for sharing and compatibility studies for possible IMT identification in 33.25 GHz of spectrum in frequency bands between 24 and 86 GHz . With IMT-2020 technology still in development, existing spectrum available for IMT should be used before additional spectrum is identified for IMT . C-band, Ku-band and Ka-band are core frequency bands for satellite industry, and are already heavily used today by satellite systems . Introduction of IMT into frequency bands used by satellites would unnecessarily constrain continued development of, and impose significant regulatory and technical constraints on, satellite services

Considering amount of spectrum currently identified for IMT, potential candidate bands under WRC-19 AI 1.13, and adverse impact of IMT identification to other industries, no new agenda item for additional IMT identification should be favored by administrations Further IMT Identifications – Emerging Proposals

. APT: – 7025-7125 MHz . ASMG: – 3600-3800 MHz – Range between 6-24 GHz for studies . ATU: – 5925-7125 MHz – 4800-4900 MHz – Range between 6-20 GHz for studies . CEPT: – No proposal . CITEL: – Range between 3.3-15.35 GHz for studies . RCC: – 6525-7100 MHz – 4800-4990 MHz (modify RR 5.441B) C-band Facts and Figures For over 40 years, C-band has provided critical services to an array telecom sectors

5 55 1200 $26.3B

Number of Money spent indigenous Number of Number of TV on TV C-band GEO satellites channels advertising in satellite serving Latin distributed by 2019 programs America C-band (cable and over the air)

C-band FSS contribution to Latin America’s economy is significant C-band Usage Varies Around The World

200 MHz identified

3 3 300 MHz 3 600 MHz 3 800 MHz 4 200 MHz for IMT 3 400 MHz WRC- IMT* IMT - WRC-15 FSS 15 400 MHz identified for IMT Radio IMT FSS Europe location No IMT identification USA Government CBRS Under Review by FCC FSS

200 MHz identified for IMT America IMT** IMT – WRC-15 FSS s

Every region has its unique spectrum needs - One size does NOT fit all

* Footnote 5.429 (WRC-15) ** Footnote 5.429D (WRC-15) Critical Telecommunications Sectors Rely on FSS C-band

Mobile backhaul: the only way to bring mobile telephony to remote areas

Broadcasting: the only robust way to bring TV and next generation video across the whole territory

Oil & Gas: the most reliable way to connect exploration sites and offshore platforms

Humanitarian programs: C-band recognized as a standard by the UN for emergency communications

Air Navigation & Meteorology services: the only solution for high reliability and wide coverage

Maritime: the only solution for vessels in remote regions/ long routes Co-Existence between FSS and 5G in Adjacent Bands Must Be Carefully Managed

. Satellite earth stations are very sensitive to terrestrial interference 5G Signal . 5G signals can interfere with FSS receive earth stations in two ways: – Saturate the LNB of the earth station, even if

LNB Saturation the 5G signal is adjacent to the satellite signal – Out-of-Band-Emissions (OOBE) of the 5G signal Satellite Signal can cause in-band interference to FSS signals . Currently, OOBE levels specified in 3GPP

Guard Guard Band OOBE standards do not protect FSS signals in adjacent bands

. How mobile and FSS can coexist side-by-

4 200 MHz 200 4 3 600 MHz 600 3 3 400 MHz 400 3 side: 1. All earth stations must be fitted with bandpass filters 2. Impose a guard band between FSS & 5G 3. Impose strict OOBE limits on 5G Most of the Spectrum Identified for IMT Is Not in Use

Blue bars: how much . ITU Forecast for spectrum demand spectrum was by 2020: 1340-1960 MHz licensed in 2014 . Amount available in ITU Region 2: Red bars: how from 1272 MHz to 1610 MHz much spectrum has . Amount ‘harmonized’ in ITU been licensed Region 2: ~ 1050 MHz since 2014 Yellow line: . Average amount licensed in each harmonised country: 426 MHz spectrum for IMT in Region 2 . >50% of IMT spectrum is yet to be Orange area: licensed! spectrum identified by . No mobile deployment in the the ITU for IMT 3.400-3.600 MHz in Latin America Pink area: ITU to date prediction for IMT spectrum requirements by 2020 No More IMT Identification in C-band or Ku band – No WRC-23 Agenda Item! Source: LS Telcom Study “Analysis of the World-Wide Licensing and Usage of IMT Spectrum 5 April 2019 IMT Identification within the 5.925-7.125 MHz Frequency Range

. As per existing technical study on the feasibility between FSS and IMT in the 6 GHz band, the outcome is limited to an indoor IMT-Advanced small cell. The previous study cycle did not identified 6 GHz band for IMT. What will be the benefits of repeating the same study again for the next conference?

. Every conference has identified a large amount of spectrum for IMT. Yet, the spectrum identified for IMT is not yet fully utilized and licensed. Is this an efficient and effective use of spectrum? Final Thoughts on Spectrum

. C-band satellites are critical to Latin America’s telecommunications infrastructure . Mobile industry needs to seriously consider re-farming existing 2G and 3G spectrum before seeking additional identifications . Focus should be on increasing 4G penetration - as of 2019 less than 50% of mobile connections in Latin America are 4G* . When deploying 5G in 3.300-3.600 MHz, ensure that FSS in adjacent band is protected . Industry-driven solutions may be quicker and more effective than regulator- mandated decision

*GSMA Intelligence