Executive Intelligence Review, Volume 20, Number 30, August 6, 1993
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0714685003.Pdf
CONTENTS Foreword xi Acknowledgements xiv Acronyms xviii Introduction 1 1 A terrorist attack in Italy 3 2 A scandal shocks Western Europe 15 3 The silence of NATO, CIA and MI6 25 4 The secret war in Great Britain 38 5 The secret war in the United States 51 6 The secret war in Italy 63 7 The secret war in France 84 8 The secret war in Spain 103 9 The secret war in Portugal 114 10 The secret war in Belgium 125 11 The secret war in the Netherlands 148 12 The secret war in Luxemburg 165 ix 13 The secret war in Denmark 168 14 The secret war in Norway 176 15 The secret war in Germany 189 16 The secret war in Greece 212 17 The secret war in Turkey 224 Conclusion 245 Chronology 250 Notes 259 Select bibliography 301 Index 303 x FOREWORD At the height of the Cold War there was effectively a front line in Europe. Winston Churchill once called it the Iron Curtain and said it ran from Szczecin on the Baltic Sea to Trieste on the Adriatic Sea. Both sides deployed military power along this line in the expectation of a major combat. The Western European powers created the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) precisely to fight that expected war but the strength they could marshal remained limited. The Soviet Union, and after the mid-1950s the Soviet Bloc, consistently had greater numbers of troops, tanks, planes, guns, and other equipment. This is not the place to pull apart analyses of the military balance, to dissect issues of quantitative versus qualitative, or rigid versus flexible tactics. -
Intelligence Failures in Countering Islamic Terrorism: a Comparative Analysis on the Strategic Surprises of the 9/11 and the Pa
Department of Political Science Master’s Degree in International Relations - Global Studies Chair of Geopolitical Scenarios and Political Risk Intelligence Failures in Countering Islamic Terrorism: A Comparative Analysis on the Strategic Surprises of the 9/11 and the Paris Attacks and the Exceptionality of the Italian Case SUPERVISOR CANDIDATE Prof. Giuseppe Scognamiglio Antonella Camerino Student ID: 639472 CO-SUPERVISOR Prof. Lorenzo Castellani ACCADEMIC YEAR 2019-2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………………………5 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………..6 CHAPTER 1: Intelligence: A Theoretical Framework 1.1 – The Intelligence Cycle………………………………………………………………….11 1.2 – Intelligence Failures…………………………………………………………………….19 1.3 – The Strategic Surprises and Surprises Attacks………………………………………….24 1.4 – The Black Swan Theory………………………………………………………………...30 CHAPTER 2: The Case of USA: The Attacks of the 9/11 2.1 – The US Intelligence Community……………………………………………………….35 2.2 – Analysis of a Terrorist Organization: Al-Qaeda………………………………………..43 2.3 – The 9/11 Attacks: Facts, Causes and Consequences……………………………………52 2.4 – The US Involvement in the Middle East: The War on Terror………………………….61 CHAPTER 3: The Case of France: The Paris Attacks of November 13 3.1 – The French Intelligence Community…………………………………………………...73 3.2 – Analysis of a Terrorist Organization: The Islamic State………………………………..80 3.3 – The Paris Attacks of November 13: Facts, Causes and Consequences………………...90 3.4 – The French Involvement in the Middle East: Opération Chammal…………………….98 -
The Italian Intelligence Establishment: a Time for Reform, 21 Penn St
Penn State International Law Review Volume 21 Article 4 Number 2 Penn State International Law Review 1-1-2003 The tI alian Intelligence Establishment: A Time for Reform Vittorfranco S. Pisano Follow this and additional works at: https://elibrary.law.psu.edu/psilr Part of the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Vittorfranco S. Pisano, The Italian Intelligence Establishment: A Time for Reform, 21 Penn St. Int'l L. Rev. 263 (2003). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at Penn State Law eLibrary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Penn State International Law Review by an authorized editor of Penn State Law eLibrary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. I Articles I The Italian Intelligence Establishment: A Time for Reform? Vittorfranco S. Pisano* I. Introduction In the area of comparative studies, the Italian intelligence establishment should be a matter of interest for jurists, political scientists, and intelligence professionals of various nationalities. Regrettably, this topic has to date drawn primarily the attention of the media, both in Italy and abroad, with a focus on alleged institutional abuses and conspiracy theories.' * Vittorfranco S. Pisano currently teaches intelligence and security courses at the University of Malta's Link Campus in Rome, Italy. A specialist in international security affairs and author of numerous books and articles, Dr. Pisano has been a consultant of the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Security and Terrorism and a reviewer of courses offered by the U.S. Department of State Anti-Terrorism Assistance Program. A former Senior Legal Specialist with the European Law Division of Library of Congress, he holds a Master of Comparative Law from Georgetown University and a Doctoral Degree in Juridical Science from the University of Rome, with a dissertation in comparative legal systems, and is a graduate of the U.S. -
Executive Intelligence Review, Volume 17, Number 29, July 20, 1990
LaRouche catches prosecutor in extortion plot Space Telescope proves its survivability Bush in Houston-thuggerywon't work Israel gets ready for a new Middle East war Confidential Alert With revolution brewing in Eastern Every day, EIR gets news dispatches Europe, the physical collapse of the U.S. from our bureaus all around the world. economy all around us, and a financial As an Alert subscriber, you get access to crash on a hair-trigger, you may very the inside story on the most important well need to be ahead of the news. trends among policy-makers and governments. Much of this material will When you subscribe to the EIR never be published anywhere else! Confidential Alert service, you get stories on what's happening on the EIR Alert brings you 1C�-20 concise economic and strategic fronts, before news items, twice a week, by first-class the crises break in the regular press, or mail-or by fax (at no extra charge). down on your head. Make checks payable to: In Europe: Em. News Service EIR Nachrichtenagentur GmbH. P.o. Box 17390 Postfach 2308 Dotzheimerstr. 166, Washington, D.C. 20041-0390 D-6200 Wiesbaden, F.R.G. - Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. �TIill Editor: Nora Hamerman Managing Editors: John Sigerson, Susan Welsh From the Editor Assistant Managing Editor: Ronald Kokinda Editorial Board: Warren Hamerman, Melvin Klenetsky, Antony Papert, Gerald Rose, Allen Salisbury, Edward Spannaus, Nancy Spannaus, Webster Tarpley, William Wertz, Carol White, Christopher White Many of you will be delighted to hear that the -
Intelligence Gathering in Postwar Austria P
MASTERARBEIT / MASTER´S THESIS Titel der Masterarbeit / Title of the Master´s Thesis US-led stay behind networks in Austria A tale from the Cold War: shady deals, dubious loyalties, and underground arms caches. verfasst von / submitted by Lorenzo Cottica, BA angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master (MA) Wien, 2017 / Vienna 2017 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 066 805 degree program code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Masterstudium Globalgeschichte degree program as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Uni.-Prof. Mag. DDr. Oliver Rathkolb “A pensar male degli altri si fa peccato, ma spesso ci si indovina.1” (Thinking ill of others is a sin, but it often turns out good guesses.) 1 One of the most famous aphorisms credited to Giulio Andreotti, [undated], cited from ilsole24ore.com. Link. II Acknowledgments First and foremost, I want to express my sincere gratitude to the supervisor of this project, Prof. Oliver Rathkolb who, aside from assisting me throughout the research process, also granted me access to his private archive of copied source-material. Almost a third of all primary sources on which this thesis is founded upon, were thereby sponsored by prof. Rathkolb. I likewise want to thank General Horst Pleiner, for granting me the possibility to conduct and record an interesting interview of over an hour, thereby enriching the research with his expert perspective. III Abstract After dealing with a handful of editorial notes in chapter one, in chapter two, the thesis moves on to a description of the technical and methodological elements of the research itself, such as the terminology used, a critique of the main sources and an overview of the current state of research in this particular field. -
Gladiocia.Pdf
Central Intelligence Agency Washington, D. C. 20505 5 April2013 Mr. John Greenewald Reference: F-20 13-0 1224 Dear Mr. Greenewald: This is a final response to your electronic Freedom of Information Act request, received in the office of the Information and Privacy Coordinator on 26 March 2013, for information pertaining to Operation Gladio. We searched our database of previously released records and located the enclosed 20 documents, consisting of 91 pages, which we believe to be responsive to your request. Please be advised that these documents were released in connection with earlier requests for records on other subjects. Because you are entitled to the first 100 pages free, there is no charge for these documents. With respect to any other records, In accordance with section 3.6(a) of Executive Order 13526, the CIA can neither confirm nor deny the existence or nonexistence of records responsive to your request. The fact of the existence or nonexistence of requested records is currently and properly classified and is intelligence sources and methods information that is protected from disclosure by section 6 of the CIA Act of 1949, as amended, and section 102A(i)(l) of the National Security Act of 1947, as amended. Therefore, your request is denied pursuant to FOIA exemptions (b)(l) and (b)(3). As the CIA Information and Privacy Coordinator, I am the CIA official responsible for this determination. You have the right to appeal this response to the Agency Release Panel, in my care, within 45 days from the date of this letter. Please include the basis of your appeal. -
Mossad [The Greatest Missions of the Israeli Secret Service].Pdf
MOSSAD THE GREATEST MISSIONS OF THE ISRAELI SECRET SERVICE MICHAEL BAR-ZOHAR AND NISSIM MISHAL Dedications For heroes unsung For battles untold For books unwritten For secrets unspoken And for a dream of peace never abandoned, never forgotten —Michael Bar-Zohar To Amy Korman For her advice, her inspiration, and her being my pillar of support —Nissim Mishal Contents Dedications Introduction - Alone, in the Lion’s Den Chapter One - King of Shadows Chapter Two - Funerals in Tehran Chapter Three - A Hanging in Baghdad Chapter Four - A Soviet Mole and a Body at Sea Chapter Five - “Oh, That? It’s Khrushchev’s Speech . .” Chapter Six - “Bring Eichmann Dead or Alive!” Chapter Seven - Where Is Yossele? Chapter Eight - A Nazi Hero at the Service of the Mossad Chapter Nine - Our Man in Damascus Chapter Ten - “I Want a MiG-21!” Chapter Eleven - Those Who’ll Never Forget Chapter Twelve - The Quest for the Red Prince Chapter Thirteen - The Syrian Virgins Chapter Fourteen - “Today We’ll Be at War!” Chapter Fifteen - A Honey Trap for the Atom Spy Photo Section Chapter Sixteen - Saddam’s Supergun Chapter Seventeen - Fiasco in Amman Chapter Eighteen - From North Korea with Love Chapter Nineteen - Love and Death in the Afternoon Chapter Twenty - The Cameras Were Rolling Chapter Twenty-one - From the Land of the Queen of Sheba Epilogue - War with Iran? Acknowledgments Bibliography and Sources Index About the Authors Copyright About the Publisher Introduction Alone, in the Lion’s Den On November 12, 2011, a tremendous explosion destroyed a secret missile base close to Tehran, killing seventeen Revolutionary Guards and reducing dozens of missiles to a heap of charred iron. -
The Truth About the Larouche Trial
The Truth About The LaRouche Trial • The rush to trial only 37 days after indictment. • Four years of federal investigations and a "warm up" trial where jurors reported they would have voted unanimously for acquittal. • The role of Henry Kissinger and the "Get LaRouche Task Force." • The judge's decision to grant a special motion in limine to block the defense case. • Full text of appeal papers filed by LaRouche's attorney, former U. S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark, and distin guished international jurists. $1 0 ppd., 664 pages Available from Name ___________________________________________ Executive Intelligence Review Address __________________________________________ City _________________________ State ___ Zip ___ Telephone ___________ _ Make checks payable to: , Executive Intelligence Review P.o. Box 17390, Washington, D.C. 20041-0390 Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche. Jr. Editor: Nora Hamerman Managing Editors: John Sigerson, Susan Welsh From the Editor Assistant Managing Editor: Ronald Kokinda Editorial Board: Warren Hamerman. Melvin Klenetsky. Antony Papen. Gerald Rose, Allen Salisbury, Edward Spannaus. Nancy Spannaus, Webster Tarpley, William Wenz. Carol White. I invite you to open this issue to the map which appears on the Christopher White centerfold spread of pages 36-37_ It shows the future of Europe Science and Technology: Carol White under the development program inspired by Lyndon LaRouche and Special Services: Richard Freeman Book Editor: Katherine Notley provides a visual reference for the current inflection point in the Advertising Director: Marsha Freeman process of world history. It accompanies an excerpt of a new Special Circulation Manager: Cynthia Parsons Report being issued in Gennan by our colleagues in Wiesbaden, at INTELUGENCE DIRECI'ORS: Agriculture: Marcia Merry EIR Nachrichtenagentur. -
DOCUMENTAZIONE RELATIVA ALLA "OPERAZIONE GLADIO" PAGINA BIANCA Senato Della Repubblica - 787 - Camera Dei Deputati
Senato della Repubblica - 785 - Camera dei deputati X LEGISLATURA - INDICE GENERALE ATTI COMMISSIONE TERRORISMO E STRAGI DOCUMENTAZIONE RELATIVA ALLA "OPERAZIONE GLADIO" PAGINA BIANCA Senato della Repubblica - 787 - Camera dei deputati X LEGISLATURA - INDICE GENERALE ATTI COMMISSIONE TERRORISMO E STRAGI OPERAZIONE GLADIO Indice di acquisizione Presidente del Consiglio Documentazione (indice nel fascicolo) in risposta a quesiti postigli nel corso della audizione del 3.8.90 sui quali si era riservato di riferire per iscritto. pervenuta il 18.10.90; anche in Ustica 126, Gelli 42, Peteano 24, Terrorismo ed eversione-legami internazionali 12; il fascicolo intitolato "CD. Sid Parallelo-Operazione Gladio" è riservato 1/1 Presidente del Consiglio Lettera del 12.12.90 con allegata nota del Cesis datata 11.12.90 contenente precisazioni in ordine alla data e alll'estensore dell'informativa Sifar cui si riferisce, alla pagina 2, l'appunto intitolato " Il ed. Sid parallelo operazione-Gladio" trasmesso il 17.10.90 dal Presidente del Consiglio alla Commissione, pervenuta il 13.12.90 1/2 Presidente del Consiglio Appunto recante l'intestazione "Operazione Gladio" (10 pagine), pervenuto il 24.10.90 1/3 Presidente del Consiglio Lettera in data 3.12.90 con la quale si informa che la Presidenza del Consiglio ha trasmesso al G.l. Casson l'elenco degli appartenenti all'organizzazione "Gladio" limitatamente alle regioni Veneto e Friuli Venezia Giulia, pervenuta il 4.12.90; anche in Peteano 28 1/4 Presidente del Consiglio Lettera del 26.2.91 (con allegati), in -
Darko Friš, Dr
S tudia Historica S lovenica Studia Historica Slovenica Časopis za humanistične in družboslovne študije Humanities and Social Studies Review letnik 19 (2019), št. 1 ZRI DR. FRANCA KOVAČIČA V MARIBORU MARIBOR 2019 Studia Historica Slovenica Tiskana izdaja ISSN 1580-8122 Elektronska izdaja ISSN 2591-2194 Časopis za humanistične in družboslovne študije / Humanities and Social Studies Review Izdajatelja / Published by ZGODOVINSKO DRUŠTVO DR. FRANCA KOVAČIČA V MARIBORU/ HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF DR. FRANC KOVAČIČ IN MARIBOR http://www.zgodovinsko-drustvo-kovacic.si ZRI DR. FRANCA KOVAČIČA V MARIBORU/ ZRI DR. FRANC KOVAČIČ IN MARIBOR Uredniški odbor / Editorial Board dr. Ivo Banac (ZDA / USA), dr. Rajko Bratuž, dr. Neven Budak (Hrvaška / Croatia), dr. Jožica Čeh Steger, dr. Darko Darovec, dr. Darko Friš, dr. Stane Granda, dr. Andrej Hozjan, dr. Tomaž Kladnik, dr. Mateja Matjašič Friš, dr. Aleš Maver, dr. Jože Mlinarič, dr. Jurij Perovšek, dr. Jože Pirjevec (Italija / Italy), dr. Dragan Potočnik, dr. Andrej Rahten, dr. Tone Ravnikar, dr. Imre Szilágyi (Madžarska / Hungary), dr. Peter Štih, dr. Polonca Vidmar, dr. Marija Wakounig (Avstrija / Austria) Odgovorni urednik / Responsible Editor dr. Darko Friš Zgodovinsko društvo dr. Franca Kovačiča Koroška cesta 160, SI–2000 Maribor, Slovenija e-pošta / e-mail: [email protected] Glavni urednik / Chief Editor dr. Mateja Matjašič Friš Članki so recenzirani. Za znanstveno vsebino prispevkov so odgovorni avtorji. Ponatis člankov je mogoč samo z dovoljenjem uredništva in navedbo vira. The articles have been reviewed. The authors are solely responsible for the content of their articles. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the publisher's prior consent and a full mention of the source. -
The Ghost of Machiavelli an Approach to Operation Gladio and Terrorism in Cold War Italy
Research Collection Journal Article The ghost of Machiavelli An approach to operation Gladio and terrorism in cold war Italy Author(s): Ganser, Daniele Publication Date: 2006-03 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000036044 Originally published in: Crime, law and social change 45(2), http://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-006-9015-7 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library Crime, Law & Social Change (2006) 45: 111–154 DOI: 10.1007/s10611-006-9015-7 C Springer 2006 The ghost of Machiavelli: An approach to operation Gladio and terrorism in cold war Italy DANIELE GANSER Center for Security Studies, ETH Zurich, Switzerland Abstract. In 1990, a document was made public in Italy that shed new light on the secret aspects of the Cold War in Western Europe. The document, dated 1 June 1959, had been compiled by the Italian military secret service SIFAR and is entitled “The special forces of SIFAR and Operation Gladio”. It explained that a secret stay-behind army linked to NATO had been set up in Italy for the purpose of unconventional warfare. Ever since, there have been allegations in Italy that the Gladio stay-behind army was linked to acts of terrorism during the Cold War. Despite their importance for criminal, legal and social investigations into the secret history of the Cold War, these questions have received next to no attention among the English-speaking research community since the documents’ discovery, partly due to language barriers.