DOCSLIB.ORG

The Secrets of Lemur Teeth

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Secrets of Lemur Teeth Evolutionary Anthropology 15:142–154 (2006) ARTICLES The Secrets of Lemur Teeth LAURIE R. GODFREY,1 GARY T. SCHWARTZ,2 KAREN E. SAMONDS,3,4 WILLIAM L. JUNGERS,4 AND KIERSTIN K. CATLETT2 New tools are available for teasing out aspects of life-history variation among and correlates of diet. By combining extinct species. Here we summarize research on the life histories of the extinct analysis of single individuals with lemurs of Madagascar. There is a wide range of variation in dental developmental analysis of growth and dental wear timing among these species, from among the most accelerated (Palaeopropithe- across ontogenetic series, we have cus) to among the most prolonged (Hadropithecus) within the Order Primates. been able to address questions never Rather than reflecting variation in body size, this diversity appears to relate to niche before asked of extinct lemurs or, characteristics and encephalization. indeed, most extinct primates: How rapidly did their molar crowns form? How dentally precocious were Beginning three-quarters of a cen- shown a sustained interest in the skel- they at birth? At what age did their tury ago with the pioneering work of etal developmental correlates of pri- first permanent molars erupt? At Adolf Schultz, primatologists have mate life-history variation and their what age did weaning likely occur? implications for understanding the How long was gestation? We have evolution of life history. More re- also begun to chronicle the relation- cently, the fossil record has been the ships among crown formation time (CFT), adult brain size, and adult 1Department of Anthropology, 240 Hicks direct focus of such comparative Way, University of Massachusetts, Am- work.1–6 Most fossil studies to date, body size in extinct lemurs and other herst, MA 01003 primates, and to test current hypoth- 2 constrained by the fragmentary na- Institute for Human Origins, School of Hu- eses regarding the evolution of life man Evolution and Social Change, Arizona ture of the fossil record and the diffi- State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-2402 culty in obtaining an adequate growth history in one of the world’s most 3Redpath Museum, McGill University, unusual adaptive radiations.14 859 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Que- series even for extant species, are bec, H3A 2K6 Canada based on limited cross-sectional sam- 4 Department of Anatomical Sciences, ples. However, because teeth preserve School of Medicine, Stony Brook Univer- LIFE-HISTORY RECONSTRUCTION sity, Stony Brook, NY 11974 a permanent record of their develop- IN EXTINCT SPECIES: TOOLS OF Laurie Godfrey and William Jungers have ment, dental microstructural analysis studied Madagascar’s extinct lemurs for ANALYSIS over three decades and have conducted allows researchers to retrieve longitu- paleontological fieldwork with Elwyn Si- dinal developmental data from single To build a chronology of dental de- mons and David Burney. Gary Schwartz adult specimens. Such work has studies the incremental nature of dental tis- velopmental “events” from which life- sue formation in extant and extinct Pri- proven useful for exploring life histo- history profiles can be inferred, one mates. Karen Samonds studies the origin ries of extinct species. It also promises must document the position and tim- and evolutionary history of Madagascar’s modern fauna, especially bats. Kierstin to revolutionize our understanding of ing of accentuated lines in the enamel Catlett is a doctoral student at Arizona some aspects of the life histories of and dentine for each analyzed tooth. State University interested in comparative extant species.7–11 These lines usually correspond to primate root development. Email addresses: [email protected]. We have begun to apply these tools “stressful events.” They are simulta- edu (Laurie R. Godfrey), [email protected] of analysis to extinct lemurs.12–16 neously recorded in all developing (Gary T. Schwartz), Karen.Samonds@mail. Dental microstructural data are now mcgill.ca. (Karen E. Samonds), william. teeth and therefore can be used to reg- [email protected] (William L. Jungers), available for members of three ister the relative degree of crown and and [email protected] (Kierstin K. families: the Palaeopropithecidae root formation in each tooth at the Catlett). (Palaeopropithecus ingens), Archae- moment the stressful event occurred. olemuridae (especially Archaeolemur This technique yields a dental chro- majori), and Megaladapidae (Megal- nology for each specimen, and can be Key words: dental microstructure, subfossil le- murs, life history adapis edwardsi). We have also ex- used to assess age at death of dentally amined other attributes of their immature individuals.12,14,17–19 Death enamel crowns, including relative is taken to have occurred at the time © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. enamel thickness and the degree of development was terminated, as indi- DOI 10.1002/evan.20102 Published online in Wiley InterScience enamel prism decussation, both pos- cated by the last-formed portion of (www.interscience.wiley.com). sible indicators of crack resistance tooth crown or root. Age-at-death es- ARTICLES The Secrets of Lemur Teeth 143 timates generated in this manner pro- The teeth provide clues to dietary THE CASE OF THE SUBFOSSIL vide a measure of “age for stage”; that proclivity, which in turn may corre- LEMURS is, the pattern, sequence, and amount late with life-history variation. Two of tooth crown and root formation such indicators are relative enamel The results reported here depend achieved at a particular age. thickness (RET) and the degree of largely on chronologies developed for three individuals: Palaeopropithecus Dental developmental chronologies enamel prism decussation. RET is a ingens (UA AM-PPH1) from Anka- can be used to compare the degrees of dimensionless index commonly used zoabo Grotte in Southwest Mada- molar crown formation of different to compare enamel thickness across gascar; Megaladapis edwardsi (UA taxa at different life-history events taxa that differ in tooth size. It is cal- 4620/AM 6567) from Beloha Anavoha such as birth or weaning. For exam- culated using the formula ([c/e]/͌ in Southwest Madagascar; and Ar- where “c” is the enamel cap ,100 ء (ple, the position of the neonatal line, b chaeolemur majori (uncatalogued the prominent incremental feature cross-sectional area (or area of hemi-mandible) from Taolambiby, that coincides with birth,19–21 can be enamel exposed in the section), “e” is Southwest Madagascar. used to calculate the proportional the length of the enamel-dentine junc- The Palaeopropithecus specimen is amounts of tooth crown formed pre- tion (EDJ) in the exposed section, and a cranium of a juvenile individual, natally and postnatally, and to assess “b” is the exposed dentine area. Rela- originally figured by Lamberton in dental precocity at birth. The time of tively thicker enamel increases the 1938.28 All but two of the permanent emergence of the first molar (M1) is of functional longevity of teeth. Species teeth were fully erupted at the time of special interest, given its purported subjecting their teeth to high occlusal death; the exceptions are the canine, correlation with other life-history loads resulting from hard food tritu- which is in its crypt, and the M3, variables.22 The best way to obtain age ration should possess thicker enamel which is nearly fully erupted. The de- at M1 emergence in extinct lemurs is than species with softer diets. ciduous canines are missing, but to target immature individuals with Enamel prism decussation, the 3-di- small alveoli located just mesial to the M1 erupting or just erupted and rela- mensional undulation of enamel buccal edge of P3 bear testimony to tively unworn. Lacking that, and as- prisms in and out of the plane of sec- their former presence. Lingual to each suming we can identify a neonatal line tion as they make their way from the is the gubernacular canal accommo- on M1, we can use postnatal CFT plus EDJ toward the future enamel sur- dating the tip of the permanent ca- information on root extension rates 4 1 face,23–26 is difficult to quantify. It can nine. The apices of the roots of P ,M , and the amount of root present at 2 3 vary qualitatively in terms of the pres- and M are closed, and M has sub- emergence to estimate age at M1 gin- ence and morphology of Hunter- stantial root development. All three gival eruption. Postnatal ages at Schreger bands, the optical manifes- maxillary molars of this immature in- crown completion, coupled with esti- tations of enamel prisms undulating dividual were sectioned. Aspects of mates for root extension, can be used and crossing over one another; it can the chronology derived from those to estimate emergence ages for second also vary regionally across both cus- sections have been published.12,13 Ad- and third molars as well. pal and imbricational enamel. Heavy ditional details are provided here. Minimum gestation length can also The Megaladapis specimen com- be determined from the dental chro- decussation is thought to enhance prises a partial mandible with dp4 and nologies of fossil taxa if they have a structural resistance to crack propa- gation.27 Animals subsisting on M1 fully erupted and M2 unerupted. high percentage of M1 crown forma- The first and second molars of this harder, coarser diets exhibit a greater tion occurring prenatally. If it is as- individual have been sectioned and degree of decussation, particularly in sumed that calcification of the perma- their chronology has been reported.14 the cuspal portions of their crowns.27 nent M1 cannot begin before the end The Archaeolemur specimen is a man- As yet, no means of quantifying the of the first trimester, the normal tran- dible with full adult dentition; it was precise degree of decussation exists, sition from embryological to fetal figured by its discoverer29 and aspects but broad levels of decussation growth phase, then the duration of of its molar microstructure have been (heavy, moderate, and slight) are eas- prenatal M1 CFT as determined by the described.15 All three molars have position of the neonatal line provides ily recognizable and are used here to now been sectioned.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • “Subfossil” Koala Lemur Megaladapis Edwardsi
    Evolutionary and phylogenetic insights from a nuclear genome sequence of the extinct, giant, “subfossil” koala lemur Megaladapis edwardsi Stephanie Marciniaka, Mehreen R. Mughalb, Laurie R. Godfreyc, Richard J. Bankoffa, Heritiana Randrianatoandroa,d, Brooke E. Crowleye,f, Christina M. Bergeya,g,h, Kathleen M. Muldooni, Jeannot Randrianasyd, Brigitte M. Raharivololonad, Stephan C. Schusterj, Ripan S. Malhik,l, Anne D. Yoderm,n, Edward E. Louis Jro,1, Logan Kistlerp,1, and George H. Perrya,b,g,q,1 aDepartment of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; bBioinformatics and Genomics Intercollege Graduate Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16082; cDepartment of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003; dMention Anthropobiologie et Développement Durable, Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar; eDepartment of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220; fDepartment of Anthropology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220; gDepartment of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; hDepartment of Genetics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854; iDepartment of Anatomy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308; jSingapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798; kDepartment of Anthropology, University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801; lDepartment of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Carl R. Woese Institute for
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Lemur from Northern Madagascar (Palaeopropithecidae/Primate Evolution/Postcranium) WILLIAM L
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 88, pp. 9082-9086, October 1991 Evolution Phylogenetic and functional affinities of Babakotia (Primates), a fossil lemur from northern Madagascar (Palaeopropithecidae/primate evolution/postcranium) WILLIAM L. JUNGERSt, LAURIE R. GODFREYt, ELWYN L. SIMONS§, PRITHUJIT S. CHATRATH§, AND BERTHE RAKOTOSAMIMANANA$ tDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 117948081; tDepartment of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003; §Department of Biological Anatomy and Anthropology and Primate Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705; and IService de Paldontologie, Universit6 d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar Contributed by Elwyn L. Simons, July 2, 1991 ABSTRACT Recent paleontological expeditions to the An- Craniodental Anatomy and Tooth Shape karana range of northern Madagascar have recovered the partial remains offour individuals ofa newly recognized extinct With an estimated body mass ofjust over 15 kg, Babakotia lemur, Babakoda radofia. Craniodental and postcranial ma- is a medium-sized indroid somewhat larger than the largest terial serve to identify Babakota as a member of the palae- living indrid (Indri) but similar in size to several of the opropithecids (also including the extinct genera Palaeopropith- smallest extinct lemurs, Mesopropithecus and Pachylemur ecus, Archaeoindris, and Mesopropithecus). Living indrids (4). A detailed description of the maxillary dentition of form the sister group to this fossil lade. The postcranial Babakotia exists
    [Show full text]
  • Newly Sequenced Genome of Extinct Giant Lemur Sheds Light on Animal's Biology 24 June 2021, by Sara Lajeunesse
    Newly sequenced genome of extinct giant lemur sheds light on animal's biology 24 June 2021, by Sara Lajeunesse "More than 100 species of lemurs live on Madagascar today, but in recent history, the diversity of these animals was even greater," said George Perry, associate professor of anthropology and biology, Penn State. "From skeletal remains and radiocarbon dating, we know that at least 17 species of lemurs have gone extinct, and that these extinctions happened relatively recently. What's fascinating is that all the extinct lemurs were bigger than the ones that survived, and some substantially so; for example, the one we studied weighed about 180 pounds." Perry explained that much is unknown about the biology of these extinct lemurs and what their Part of the collection of the Laboratory of Primatology ecosystems were like. There is even uncertainty and Paleontology at the University of Antananarivo, the about how they were related to each other and to jawbone that the team used in its study had originally the lemurs that are alive today. This is due, in part, been discovered at Beloha Anavoha in southern he said, to the difficulty inherent in working with Madagascar. Carbon-14 dating, a commonly used ancient DNA, especially from animals that lived in method for determining the age of archeological artifacts tropical and sub-tropical locations. of a biological origin, revealed that the M. edwardsi jawbone was about 1,475 years old. Credit: George Perry, Penn State "While many nuclear genomes of extinct animals have now been sequenced since the first extinct animal—the woolly mammoth—had its nuclear genome sequenced at Penn State in 2008, Using an unusually well-preserved subfossil relatively few of these species have been from jawbone, a team of researchers—led by Penn State warmer climates due to faster DNA degradation in and with a multi-national team of collaborators these conditions," said Perry.
    [Show full text]
  • Duke University Dissertation Template
    Lemur Teeth in Three Keys: Dietary Adaptation, Ecospace Occupation, and Macroevolutionary Dynamics by Ethan L. Fulwood Department of Evolutionary Anthropology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Doug Boyer, Supervisor ___________________________ Richard Kay, Chair ___________________________ Daniel McShea ___________________________ Blythe Williams ___________________________ Elizabeth St. Clair Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Evolutionary Anthropology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2019 ABSTRACT iv Lemur Teeth in Three Keys: Dietary Adaptation, Ecospace Occupation, and Macroevolutionary Dynamics by Ethan Fulwood Department of Evolutionary Anthropology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Doug Boyer, Supervisor ___________________________ Richard Kay, Chair ___________________________ Daniel McShea ___________________________ Blythe Williams ___________________________ Elizabeth St. Clair An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Evolutionary Anthropology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2019 Copyright by Ethan Fulwood 2019 Abstract Dietary adaptation appears to have driven many aspects of the high-level diversification of primates. Dental topography metrics provide a means of quantifying morphological correlates of dietary adaptation
    [Show full text]
  • Dental Topography Indicates Ecological Contraction of Lemur Communities
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 148:215–227 (2012) Dental Topography Indicates Ecological Contraction of Lemur Communities Laurie R. Godfrey,1* Julia M. Winchester,2,3 Stephen J. King,1 Doug M. Boyer,2,4 and Jukka Jernvall3 1Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 2Interdepartmental Doctoral Program in Anthropological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8081 3Institute for Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 4Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210-2850 KEY WORDS dental ecology; complexity (OPCR); Dirichlet normal energy (DNE); subfossil lemurs ABSTRACT Understanding the paleoecology of extinct subfossil lemurs and compared these values to those of subfossil lemurs requires reconstruction of dietary prefer- an extant lemur sample. The two metrics succeeded in ences. Tooth morphology is strongly correlated with diet separating species in a manner that provides insights in living primates and is appropriate for inferring dietary into both food processing and diet. We used them to ecology. Recently, dental topographic analysis has shown examine the changes in lemur community ecology in great promise in reconstructing diet from molar tooth Southern and Southwestern Madagascar that accompa- form. Compared with traditionally used shearing metrics, nied the extinction of giant lemurs. We show that the dental topography is better suited for the extraordinary poverty of Madagascar’s frugivore community is a long- diversity of tooth form among subfossil lemurs and has standing phenomenon and that extinction of large-bodied been shown to be less sensitive to phylogenetic sources of lemurs in the South and Southwest resulted not merely shape variation.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient DNA from Giant Extinct Lemurs Verifies Single Origin of Malagasy
    Ancient DNA from giant extinct lemurs confirms single origin of Malagasy primates K. Praveen Karanth†‡, Thomas Delefosse§, Berthe Rakotosamimanana¶, Thomas J. Parsonsʈ, and Anne D. Yoder†‡†† †Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208105, New Haven, CT 06520; §Laboratoire Codgene, 11 Rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg, France; ¶34 Cite´ des Professeurs, Fort-Duchesne, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar; and ʈArmed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1413 Research Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20850 Edited by Elwyn L. Simons, Duke University Primate Center, Durham, NC, and approved February 8, 2005 (received for review November 9, 2004) The living Malagasy lemurs constitute a spectacular radiation of >50 species that are believed to have evolved from a common ancestor that colonized Madagascar in the early Tertiary period. Yet, at least 15 additional Malagasy primate species, some of which were relative giants, succumbed to extinction within the past 2,000 years. Their existence in Madagascar is recorded predominantly in its Holocene subfossil record. To rigorously test the hypothesis that all endemic Malagasy primates constitute a monophyletic group and to determine the evolutionary relationships among living and extinct taxa, we have conducted an ancient DNA analysis of subfossil species. A total of nine subfossil individuals from the extinct genera Palaeopropithecus and Megaladapis yielded ampli- fiable DNA. Phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome b sequences derived from these subfossils corroborates the monophyly of endemic Malagasy primates. Our results support the close rela- tionship of sloth lemurs to living indriids, as has been hypothesized on morphological grounds. In contrast, Megaladapis does not show a sister-group relationship with the living genus Lepilemur.
    [Show full text]
  • Subfossil Lemurs of Madagascar
    CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE Subfossil Lemurs of Madagascar LAURIE R. GODFREY, WILLIAM L. JUNGERS, AND DAVID A. BURNEY Madagascar’s living lemurs (order Primates) belong to a radia- on steady, gradual diversifi cation would suggest. We believe tion recently ravaged by extirpation and extinction. There that the latter scenario is more consistent with the fossil are three extinct and fi ve extant families (two with extinct record. members) of lemurs on an island of less than 600,000 km2. The question of how lemurs got to Madagascar is still far This level of familial diversity characterizes no other primate from resolved (Godinot, 2006; Masters et al., 2006; Stevens radiation. The remains of up to 17 species of recently extinct and Heesy, 2006; Tattersall, 2006a, 2006b). It is clear that (or subfossil lemurs) have been found alongside those of still Madagascar (with the Indian plate) separated from Africa extant lemurs at numerous Holocene and late Pleistocene long before primates evolved and that it arrived at its present sites in Madagascar (fi gure 21.1, table 21.1). The closest rela- position relative to Africa by 120–130 Ma (Krause et al., 1997; tives of the lemurs are the lorisiform primates of continental Roos et al., 2004; Masters et al., 2006; Rabinowitz and Woods, Africa and Asia; together with the lemurs, these comprise the 2006). Most scholars favor chance rafting of an ancestral suborder Strepsirrhini. lemur from continental Africa to Madagascar (Krause et al., Most researchers have defended an ancient Gondwanan 1997; Kappeler, 2000; Roos et al., 2004; Rabinowitz and (African or Indo-Madagascan) origin for lemurs.
    [Show full text]
  • What Did Hadropithecus Eat, and Why Should Paleoanthropologists Care?
    American Journal of Primatology 9999:1–15 (2015) RESEARCH ARTICLE What did Hadropithecus Eat, and Why Should Paleoanthropologists Care? LAURIE R. GODFREY1*, BROOKE E. CROWLEY2, KATHLEEN M. MULDOON3, ELIZABETH A. KELLEY4, 1 1 5 STEPHEN J. KING , ANDREW W. BEST , AND MICHAEL A. BERTHAUME 1Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 2Departments of Geology and Anthropology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 3Department of Anatomy, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona 4Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 5Max Planck Weizmann Center for Integrative Archaeology and Anthropology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany Over 40 years ago, Clifford Jolly noted different ways in which Hadropithecus stenognathus converged in its craniodental anatomy with basal hominins and with geladas. The Malagasy subfossil lemur Hadropithecus departs from its sister taxon, Archaeolemur, in that it displays comparatively large molars, reduced incisors and canines, a shortened rostrum, and thickened mandibular corpus. Its molars, however, look nothing like those of basal hominins; rather, they much more closely resemble molars of grazers such as Theropithecus. A number of tools have been used to interpret these traits, including dental microwear and texture analysis, molar internal and external morphology, and finite element analysis of crania. These tools, however, have failed to provide support for a simple dietary interpretation; whereas there is some consistency in the inferences they support, dietary inferences (e.g., that it was graminivorous, or that it specialized on hard objects) have been downright contradictory. Cranial shape may correlate poorly with diet. But a fundamental question remains unresolved: why do the various cranial and dental convergences exemplified by Hadropithecus, basal hominins, and Theropithecus exist? In this paper we review prior hypotheses regarding the diet of Hadropithecus.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconstruction of an Extraordinary Extinct Primate from Madagascar
    COMMENTARY Reconstruction of an extraordinary extinct primate from Madagascar Ian Tattersall* Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024 he minicontinent of Madagas- cus and its close relative Archaeolemur car has been separated by 350 have been reported as pronograde ter- miles of ocean from its neigh- restrial quadrupeds (10, 11) (Fig. 1). bor Africa for at least the past These two last genera, and the ex- T120 million years, i.e., since long before tremely short-faced and deep-skulled the beginning of the Age of Mammals Hadropithecus in particular, were also (1). As a result, the island’s flora and exceptional in showing extended dental fauna show extremely elevated levels of development schedules that presumably endemicity overall (2), and its native reflected prolonged overall develop- mammals show a curious combination of mental periods (12); and compared low diversity at the ordinal level with with other members of the Malagasy extraordinarily high diversity at lower lemur fauna (living and extinct), they taxonomic levels (3). Today, for exam- were also highly encephalized (4, 9). Fig. 1. Reconstruction by the artist Stephen Nash ple, Madagascar harbors an astonishing The first subfossil remains of Hadro- of a Hadropithecus individual as it may have ap- 30% of all primate families and some pithecus were recovered at around the peared in life. Pelage coloration and distribution are, of course, conjectural. 21% of all primate genera (3), all of turn of the 20th century from the An- them represented nowhere else. Yet, drahomana cave, near the southern tip high as these figures are, they would of Madagascar.
    [Show full text]
  • New Findings at Andrahomana Cave, Southeastern Madagascar
    Portland State University PDXScholar Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations Anthropology 4-1-2008 New Findings at Andrahomana Cave, Southeastern Madagascar David A. Burney National Tropical Botanical Garden Natalie Vasey Portland State University, [email protected] Laurie R. Godfrey University of Massachusetts William L. Jungers Stony Brook University Ramilisonina Musée d'Art et d'Archéologie See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/anth_fac Part of the Anthropology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Citation Details D.A. Burney, N. Vasey, L.R. Godfrey, Ramilisonina, W.L. Jungers, M. Ramarolahy, and L. Raharivony – New Findings at Andrahomana Cave, Southeastern Madagascar. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 70, no. 1, p. 13–24. This Article is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Authors David A. Burney, Natalie Vasey, Laurie R. Godfrey, William L. Jungers, Ramilisonina, M. F. Ramarolahy, and L. L. Raharivony This article is available at PDXScholar: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/anth_fac/47 D.A. Burney, N. Vasey, L.R. Godfrey, Ramilisonina, W.L. Jungers, M. Ramarolahy, and L. Raharivony – New Findings at Andrahomana Cave, Southeastern Madagascar. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 70, no. 1, p. 13–24. NEW FINDINGS AT ANDRAHOMANA CAVE, SOUTHEASTERN MADAGASCAR D.A. BURNEY1,*,N.VASEY2, L.R. GODFREY3,RAMILISONINA4, W.L. JUNGERS5,M.RAMAROLAHY6, AND L.
    [Show full text]
  • Duke Lemur Center's Magazine
    EST. 1966 DUKE LEMUR CENTER MAGAZINE | 2019 37 YEARS OF LEMUR PHOTOGRAPHY A CONVERSATION WITH ZOBOOMAFOO CREATOR MARTIN KRATT JOHN CLEESE-DLC VIDEO COLLABORATION ON THE TRAIL OF ANCIENT PRIMATES CONTENTS DLC AS THIS ISSUE of the Duke Lemur Center’s Magazine 4 36 LETTER FROM prepares to go to print, a fifth lemur species has been added About the Duke Lemur Center How Much Is That to the list of the 25 most endangered primates in the world Lemur in the Window? THE DIRECTOR by the International Union for the Conservation Nature 6 That lemur on Craigslist? (IUCN). The largest of the nocturnal lemur species, the My Life with Lemurs Don’t befooled—it makes a terrible pet aye-aye, sadly joins this list of primates in peril. This announ- A 37-year photo retrospective cement serves as a reminder that there remains much work 39 to do to protect lemurs and their native Malagasy forests. 18 Staff Spotlight: Giving Opportunities Meet Bobby Schopler, the DLC’s For more articles, photos, and special While the reality that 25% of the world’s 25 most endangered senior veterinarian features, please visit our online edition: primates are lemurs is sobering, I remain hopeful that this 20 LEMUR.DUKE.EDU/MAGAZINE trend will reverse. My optimism comes from the Lemur On the Trail of Ancient Primates 40 Center’s unwavering commitment to Madagascar and protecting its unique flora and fauna. This year we success Digging into lemur history 53 Years of Lemur Data - Available Online fully added two new programs to our conservation arsenal, the Malagasy veterinary internship and our animal care 24 technical advisor program.
    [Show full text]
  • A4iuiacmuusseum
    A4iuiacMuusseum PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y. 10024 NUMBER 2520 MAY 17, I973 A Note on the Age of the Subfossil Site of Ampasambazimba, Miarinarivo Province, Malagasy Republic BY IAN TATTERSALL1 ABSTRACT A radiocarbon age determination of 1035 = 50 years B. P. is given for a lemuroid bone from the prolific subfossil site at Ampasambazimba, Miarinarivo Province, Malagasy Republic. This is the first absolute date to have been obtained for a central plateau site, and, it is suggested, the most recent yet acquired for the subfossil lemuroids. INTRODUCTION Subfossil remains of both extant and recently extinct lemuroids have been recovered from deposits in the center, south, and southwest of the island of Madagascar. Certainly the best known, and almost equally cer- tainly the most productive, of all these sites is that of Ampasambazimba. Situated on the island's high central plateau, at an altitude of about 1100 meters, the site is, unfortunately, covered today by rice paddies. Discovered in 1902 by Raybaud, a colonial administrator, Ampasam- bazimba has accumulated the largest literature of any Malagasy subfossil site (e.g. Raybaud, 1902; Jully and Standing, 1904; Grandidier, 1905; Standing, 1908; Fontoynont, 1908; Perrier de la Bathie, 1927; Lenoble, 1940; Battistini and Verin, 1967; Walker, MS). The most extensive exca- 1 Assistant Curator of Physical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, the American Museum of Natural History. 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2520 vations to have been carried out at the site were those performed between 1903 and 1907 by Standing, whose series of reports on Ampasambazimba and its fauna culminated in his monograph of 1908; later work was carried out sporadically between 1919 and 1934 by Lamberton (e.g.
    [Show full text]