This is the Ninth Edition of our definitive report on Libya’s Oil and Gas Industry. It contains 475 pages and includes data on over 80 developed and undeveloped fields.
Libya Oil and Gas Industry Strategic Report
By
Ninth Edition April 2020
Produced By
Our Product Clients
For a full list of clients see: http://www.bayphase.com/clients.php Introduction This report charts Libya’s oil and gas potential and is a must for anyone interested in engaging in its oil and gas sector. Libya's proximity to Europe, its sweet high quality crude oil, its significant gas reserves make this report a must, not just for oil and gas professionals, but also for those interested in assessing Libya's strategic impact on hydrocarbon supplies to the EU and the USA. This issue includes the results of the licensing awards made since lifting of sanctions and exploration drilling conducted in license areas. This Report is the Eighth Edition of Bayphase's Libya Oil and Gas Industry Strategic Report. It provides a comprehensive review of Libya’s Oil and Gas Industry, including these elements: - Upstream: Fields, Production Facilities and Exploration Potential - Midstream: Pipelines, Terminals - Downstream: Refineries, Petrochemical Plants, Gas Processing Plants - Infrastructure: Power Generation, Transportation Though the Report presents an industry wide assessment its main focus is Libya's upstream oil and gas fields and their production facilities. Here a basinal view of Libya has been taken with the country categorized in to its six main sedimentary basins: - Sirte - Ghadames - Murzuk - Offshore/Tripolitania - Cyrenica - Kufra The Report is supplied with a folded copy of the latest edition of our Libya Exploration and Production Three Map Set. The report provides analysis and enhanced data sets on over 80 oil and gas fields; some currently in production - others undeveloped awaiting investment. This also includes historical production updates and figures for each of fields in Libya 2003-2019. The report also examines licensing and Exploration Potential in all of Libya's sedimentary basins to provide an assessment of the investment likely to be expended in exploration activities and the reserves increments that could potentially result. For one year following, purchasing customers will be supplied with any updates made to the report. From an Oil Reserves Perspective, the report charts Libya's proven plus probable reserves of 67 Billion barrels. From a Gas Reserves Perspective, the report charts Libya's proven plus probable reserves of 89 Trillion Standard Cubic Feet. From an Investment Perspective, the report shows how between 46 and 81 Billion United States Dollars of investment will be required by Libya's oil and gas industry over the next 15 years to unlock its production potential. We have developed a companion publication to this Report that analyses the economics associated with each of the fields we have identified here - see the Libya Fields Financial Report web page for more details. Report History:
i. 1st Edition October 2007 - 420 pages ii. 2nd Edition December 2007 - 437 pages iii. 3rd Edition May 2009 - 442 Pages iv. 4th Edition July 2011 - 450 Pages v. 5th Edition February 2012 - 455 Pages vi. 6th Edition March 2013 - 455 Pages vii. 7th Edition March 2014 – 438 Pages viii. 8th Edition November 2017 – 448 Pages
What You Get: - Paper Version of our current Libya Oil and Gas Industry Strategic Report - Free Searchable pdf of our current Libya Oil and Gas Industry Strategic Report - Paper Version (Folded) of our current Libya E&P Three Map Set The analysis carried out on the 80 fields is indicated by the field sample provided below: 1.1.1.1.1.1 Waha This field is also known as Al Waha. In our assessment we consider that the Waha Field to include the Waha field itself and the North Waha field. The Waha field, located in concession 59 Central, is now operated by the Oasis group (consisting of ConocoPhillips, Marathon and Amerada Hess). It has seen production fall from nearly 1 million barrels of oil per day (bopd) in 1986 to below 100,000bopd in early 2004. During this period oil production dropped to 16,000 barrels per day and water cut at 80% high. This precipitous drop seems primarily due to the lack of investment in secondary recovery and the US/UN Sanctions. The Oasis group Operatorship of the field and the Waha Concession was suspended in 1986, subsequently the Waha Oil Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Libyan National Oil Corporation took over Operatorship and has operated the field from the suspension to the end of 2005. In December 2005 the Oasis group partners announced they had successfully negotiated their return to the concession. It is now assumed that a refurbishment program will be implemented followed by the implementation of secondary recovery to boost production. In 2017, the field lost over 75,000bopd due to the continuous fighting between militia groups affiliated with a rival government and other violence group. The fighting caused a linked pipeline to become damaged and as such hampering production output. In 2018 the field produced 300,000bopd and the production gradually increases to 350,000bopd in first quarter of through to the fourth quarter of 2019. Because of uncertainties surrounding average production rates, we have discounted the production rates both for 2018 and 2019 by 10%, that is, 270,000bopd and 315,000bopd respectively. Key Field Data
Table 1.1: Waha Key Field Data Parameter Value Discovery Date 1960 On-stream Date 1963 Reserves Original Oil (Million Barrels) 2,120 Table 1.1: Waha Key Field Data Parameter Value Gas (Billion Cubic Feet) 232 Oil (Million Barrels) 6301 Remaining Gas (Billion Cubic Feet) 632 Prospective Resources (Upside Oil (Million Barrels) 100 Exploration Potential) Gas (Billion Cubic Feet) Oil (Barrels per day) 315,000 Current Gas (Million Standard Cubic Feet per day) Production Oil (Barrels per day) 430,000 Potential Gas (Million Standard Cubic Feet per day) 10 Producing Horizon(s) Upper Cretaceous Rock Type(s) Limestone /Quartzites Reservoir Depth (Feet) 6,050-6,140 Geology Gross Rock Volume (Million Cubic Feet) 193,000 Reservoir Thickness (Feet) 320 Porosity (%) 7 Gravity (º API) 35.4 – 38.4 Sulphur Content (wt %) Oil Pour Point (°C) -15 Wax Content (wt %) Fluid Properties Gas Oil Ratio (Standard Cubic Feet/barrel) 310 Hydrogen Sulphide Content (mol %) Gas Carbon Dioxide Content (mol %) 0.5 Molecular Weight Number of Producers 55 Subsurface Number of Gas Injectors Existing Number of Water Injectors 9 Facilities Separation Capacity (bpd) 1,000,000 Surface Compression Capacity (MMscfd) Acid Gas Treatment Capacity (MMscfd) A further piece of key data we have been able to establish, based on our in-country research, data gathering processes and review and cross-correlation of field reports and literature is the field’s production history from the years 2003-2019. This is presented in the table below on the average daily production figures (bopd). This table has been compiled on a best-effort basis.
Table 1.2: Waha Average Daily Oil Production
Average Daily Average Daily Average Daily Year Oil Production Year Oil Production Year Oil Production (bopd) (bopd) (bopd) 2003 196,060 2009 201,650 2015 2004 199,570 2010 189,480 2016 2005 200,060 2011 46,850 2017 2006 203,740 2012 204,070 2018 270,000 2007 202,460 2013 85,200 2019 315,000 2008 205,790 2014 Commercial Data
1 Estimate based on concession renegotiation announcement and expectation that the field will experience reserves growth through further development including infill drilling and the application of enhanced recovery. 2 Based on an associated gas oil ratio of 100 standard cubic feet per stock tank barrel. The field is operated by the Waha Oil Co. This is a Libyan company formed to take over from Oasis, after the group’s withdrawal from Libya due to US economic sanctions in 1986. However, following the lifting of sanctions in 2004, the Oasis Group reached an agreement with the NOC in 2005, under which it could return to their previously operated fields. This was done by turning the Waha Oil Company into a joint venture between the NOC and former Oasis partners – ConocoPhillips, Marathon and Amerada Hess. In gaining re-entry to the field, the Oasis group partners negotiated fiscal terms essentially the same as the terms in effect at the time of suspension of the license. The re-entry terms included a 25-year extension of the concessions through 2031-34, and a payment of $1.3billion to the Libyan National Oil Corporation for re-entry and the extension of the concessions. In addition, the companies will make a contribution to unamortised investments made since 1986 of $530million that was agreed to be paid as part of the 1986 standstill agreement to hold the assets in escrow for the U.S. partners. In effect on a proven reserves basis the Oasis group partners paid 4.57$/barrel to achieve re- entry; on a probabilistic P50 basis, taking in to account potential reserves growth in the whole of the concession the price was around 1.83$/barrel. In November 2019 - Total reached an agreement with NOC on the French company’s acquisition of a stake in the Waha concessions. Total bought the Marathon Oil’s minority stake in the Waha concessions for $450 million U.S. Dollar. The Paris-based producer has committed to invest an additional 650 million U.S. Dollar in Waha and this will boost production capacity by 180,000bopd through the development of North Gialo and NC 98 projects.
Table 1.3: Waha Commercial Data Parameter Value Contract Type Concession Contract Effective Date 1955 Operator Waha Oil Co. NOC 59.18 ConocoPhillips 16.33 Total 16.33 Equity (%) Amerada Hess 8.16
Investment Requirement Having just re-entered the field the partners have yet to publicise their plans for its redevelopment. Below we present what we believe would be a probable redevelopment plan given the current status of the field. In our view redevelopment would be conducted in a number of stages: • Work over and re-completion of a significant proportion of the existing producers and water injectors to achieve improved reliable recovery from areas currently in production. • Refurbishment of existing production equipment to provide a reliable production base (it would seem unlikely that whole sale replacement of the existing facilities will be required as we anticipate that potential production levels could be handled by existing equipment once refurbished). • Expansion of water treatment and injection plant to enhance secondary recovery on the field. Aquifer water is assumed water injection source. • Implementation of a seismic survey and assessment of the field to gather data to plan further redevelopment activities and to target potential exploration drilling in the license area. • Implementation of infill drilling targeting poorly drained areas of the field identified by seismic and other surveys. In addition, further water injectors would be added. • Implementation of exploration drilling to test targets identified by seismic survey. • Implementation of appraisal drilling and 3D seismic campaign, assuming one successful exploration well. • Development and tie-back of one assumed successful discovery with reserves of 100 million barrels made during the exploration phase. The program outlined above is one that might typically be adopted in the redevelopment of any old large producing field. In addition, there may well be an opportunity for enhanced recovery on this field though with an expected recovery of around 40% under the current development scheme this appears limited.
Table 1.4: Waha Redevelopment Investment Summary
Time Cost Estimate Project Rationale Frame 4 3 (Million $) (Years) Low High Subsurface Work over and re-complete selected producers Work Over and Re- and injectors to boost production from field areas complete existing producers currently in production and to achieve reliable 1 - 2 69 127.4 and injectors production from the existing wells; Number of Producers: 45, Water Injectors 9 Implementation of seismic survey over field area to assess redevelopment options and potential Seismic Survey 2 – 4 26.5 49 exploration targets. Includes 300 km 2D Survey and 1,000km2 3D Survey. Drilling of producers, injectors and aquifer wells to produce from field areas currently not in Infill Drilling production and to enhance secondary recovery. 3 – 6 159.2 294 Number of Producers: 20, Injectors 20, Aquifer Wells 5 Drilling of exploration wells to test exploration Exploration Drilling 4 – 8 15.9 29.4 targets; Number of Wells: 3 Exploration Drilling of appraisal wells and 3D seismic survey Appraisal Drilling and 3D on 1 successful exploration target; Number of 6 – 8 15.9 29.4 Seismic Wells: 2 and 200km2 3D Survey. Drilling of producers and Injectors to produce Development Drilling from assumed discovery with 100 million barrels 7 – 9 37.1 55 Discovered Field recoverable; Number of Producers: 8, Number of injectors 3 Subtotal 323.7 597.8 Surface Surface Facilities Refurbishment of existing facility to maintain Rehabilitation stable production includes replacement of 1 - 2 254.7 470.4 equipment, control systems and material were necessary to Surface Facilities This includes installation of well pads, gathering 7 - 9 360.8 666.4 Expansion and flow lines, inter field pipelines and modifications
3 Time frame is our expectation of when the investment will be implemented based on announcement made by operators and in the case of potential investments identified during the course of this study our assessment of potential timescale. An investment with the time frame 2 – 5 is expected to start 2 years following date of issue of this report and to be complete within 3 years. 4 The cost ranges reflect the uncertainty associated with the actual work scope that will have to be implemented. Table 1.4: Waha Redevelopment Investment Summary
Time Cost Estimate Project Rationale Frame 4 3 (Million $) (Years) Low High Incorporation of 1 to the existing production system to process Discovery production from the assumed discovery. Addition of injection water treatment plant Subtotal 615.5 1,136.8 Total 939 1,735
Table of Contents1 Table of Contents ...... 3 1 Executive Summary ...... 11 1.1 OIL AND GAS INVENTORY ...... 11 1.2 OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY ...... 11 1.2.1 Overall ...... 11 1.2.1.1 Status ...... 11 1.2.1.2 Investment Requirements ...... 16 1.2.2 Upstream ...... 16 1.2.2.1 Oil ...... 16 1.2.2.1.1 Status ...... 16 Production History ...... 17 1.2.2.1.2 ...... 17 1.2.2.1.3 Investment Requirement ...... 27 1.2.2.2 Non-Associated Gas ...... 27 1.2.2.2.1 Status ...... 27 1.2.2.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 28 1.2.3 Midstream ...... 28 1.2.3.1 Pipelines ...... 28 1.2.3.1.1 Status ...... 28 1.2.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 29 1.2.3.2 Crude Oil Terminals ...... 30 1.2.3.2.1 Status ...... 30 1.2.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 30 1.2.4 Downstream ...... 31 1.2.4.1 Refineries ...... 31 1.2.4.1.1 Status ...... 31 1.2.4.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 31 1.2.4.2 Petrochemicals ...... 32 1.2.4.2.1 Status ...... 32 1.2.4.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 33 1.2.4.3 Gas Processing ...... 33 1.2.4.3.1 Natural Gas Liquids ...... 34 1.2.4.3.1.1 Status ...... 34 1.2.4.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 34 1.2.4.3.2 Liquefied Natural Gas ...... 34 1.2.4.3.2.1 Status ...... 34 1.2.4.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 35
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1.2.5 Infrastructure ...... 35 1.2.5.1 Transportation ...... 35 1.2.5.1.1 Status ...... 35 1.2.5.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 35 1.2.5.2 Power ...... 36 1.2.5.2.1 Status ...... 36 1.2.5.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 36 1.2.6 Local Contractor Capability ...... 37 2 Oil and Gas Inventory ...... 38 2.1 OVERALL ...... 38 2.2 OIL ...... 44 2.2.1 Sirte Basin ...... 44 2.2.2 Ghadames Basin ...... 46 2.2.3 Murzuk Basin ...... 46 2.2.4 Offshore/Tripolitania Basin ...... 47 2.2.5 Cyrenaica ...... 47 2.2.6 Kufra Basin ...... 48 2.3 NON-ASSOCIATED GAS ...... 49 2.3.1 Sirte Basin ...... 49 2.3.2 Ghadames Basin ...... 50 2.3.3 Murzuk Basin ...... 50 2.3.4 Offshore/Tripolitania Basin ...... 51 2.3.5 Cyrenaica ...... 51 2.3.6 Kufra Basin ...... 52 2.4 LICENSING ...... 52 2.4.1 EPSA IV ...... 53 EPSA IV Terms ...... 54 Winner Selection ...... 56 EPSA IV Management ...... 56 2.4.2 Law No. 5 ...... 56 3 Oil and Gas Industry ...... 57 3.1 UPSTREAM ...... 57 3.1.1 Oil ...... 57 3.1.1.1 Production History ...... 57 3.1.1.2 Sirte Basin ...... 59 3.1.1.2.1 Producing Fields ...... 59 3.1.1.2.1.1 Abu Maras ...... 65 3.1.1.2.1.2 Ali ...... 67 3.1.1.2.1.3 Almas ...... 69 3.1.1.2.1.4 Amal ...... 71 3.1.1.2.1.5 Antelat ...... 77
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3.1.1.2.1.6 Arbab ...... 79 3.1.1.2.1.7 As-Sarah ...... 81 3.1.1.2.1.8 Bahi ...... 84 3.1.1.2.1.9 Balat ...... 87 3.1.1.2.1.10 Beda ...... 90 3.1.1.2.1.11 Bu Alawn ...... 93 3.1.1.2.1.12 Bu Attifel ...... 95 3.1.1.2.1.13 Dahra ...... 99 3.1.1.2.1.14 Defa ...... 102 3.1.1.2.1.15 Ed Dib ...... 105 3.1.1.2.1.16 El-Meheiriga ...... 107 3.1.1.2.1.17 En Naga ...... 110 3.1.1.2.1.18 Facha ...... 113 3.1.1.2.1.19 Farrud ...... 115 3.1.1.2.1.20 Fidda ...... 117 3.1.1.2.1.21 Ghani ...... 120 3.1.1.2.1.22 Gialo ...... 123 3.1.1.2.1.23 Hamid ...... 126 3.1.1.2.1.24 Hofra ...... 129 3.1.1.2.1.25 Intisar ...... 132 3.1.1.2.1.26 Kotla ...... 136 3.1.1.2.1.27 Lehib / Dor Marada ...... 139 3.1.1.2.1.28 Mabruk ...... 142 3.1.1.2.1.29 Messla ...... 144 3.1.1.2.1.30 Nafoora ...... 147 3.1.1.2.1.31 Nakhla ...... 151 3.1.1.2.1.32 Nasser (Formerly Zelten) ...... 153 3.1.1.2.1.33 Qusur ...... 157 3.1.1.2.1.34 Raguba ...... 159 3.1.1.2.1.35 Rakb ...... 162 3.1.1.2.1.36 Rimal-Khatib ...... 165 3.1.1.2.1.37 Sabah ...... 168 3.1.1.2.1.38 Safsaf ...... 171 3.1.1.2.1.39 Sahabi ...... 173 3.1.1.2.1.40 Samah ...... 176 3.1.1.2.1.41 Sarir Group ...... 179 3.1.1.2.1.42 Shatirah ...... 184 3.1.1.2.1.43 Tibisti ...... 186 3.1.1.2.1.44 Tuama ...... 189 3.1.1.2.1.45 Umm Al Farrud ...... 192 3.1.1.2.1.46 Wadi ...... 193 3.1.1.2.1.47 Waha ...... 197 3.1.1.2.1.48 Zaggut ...... 200
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3.1.1.2.1.49 Zella ...... 203 3.1.1.2.1.50 Zenad ...... 205 3.1.1.2.1.51 Other Producing Fields ...... 207 3.1.1.2.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 210 3.1.1.2.2.1 Abu Quray ...... 213 3.1.1.2.2.2 Beda South ...... 215 3.1.1.2.2.3 En Naga A ...... 216 3.1.1.2.2.4 Other Non-Producing Fields ...... 218 3.1.1.2.3 Exploration Potential ...... 221 3.1.1.2.3.1 Activities ...... 222 3.1.1.2.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 227 3.1.1.3 Ghadames Basin ...... 229 3.1.1.3.1 Producing Fields ...... 229 3.1.1.3.1.1 Hamada Group ...... 231 3.1.1.3.1.2 Al Kabir Group ...... 235 3.1.1.3.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 237 3.1.1.3.2.1 Northern Group ...... 239 3.1.1.3.2.2 Area 47 Group ...... 241 3.1.1.3.3 Exploration Potential ...... 248 3.1.1.3.3.1 Activities ...... 249 3.1.1.3.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 252 3.1.1.4 Murzuk Basin ...... 254 3.1.1.4.1 Producing Fields ...... 254 3.1.1.4.1.1 El Feel ...... 256 3.1.1.4.1.2 El Sharara (NC 115 fields) ...... 260 3.1.1.4.1.3 NC-186 fields ...... 268 3.1.1.4.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 274 3.1.1.4.2.1 NC 101 Fields ...... 276 3.1.1.4.3 Exploration Potential ...... 278 3.1.1.4.3.1 Activities ...... 279 3.1.1.4.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 281 3.1.1.5 Offshore / Tripolitania Basin ...... 282 3.1.1.5.1 Producing Fields ...... 282 3.1.1.5.1.1 Bouri ...... 284 3.1.1.5.1.2 Al Jurf ...... 290 3.1.1.5.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 293 3.1.1.5.2.1 Small Undeveloped Fields ...... 296 3.1.1.5.3 Exploration Potential ...... 298 3.1.1.5.3.1 Activities ...... 299 3.1.1.5.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 300 3.1.1.6 Cyrenaica ...... 301 3.1.1.6.1 Producing Fields ...... 301 3.1.1.6.2 Non-Producing Fields ...... 301
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3.1.1.6.3 Exploration Potential ...... 301 3.1.1.6.3.1 Activities ...... 301 3.1.1.6.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 302 3.1.1.7 Kufra Basin ...... 304 3.1.1.7.1 Producing Fields ...... 304 3.1.1.7.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 304 3.1.1.7.3 Exploration Potential ...... 304 3.1.1.7.3.1 Activities ...... 304 3.1.1.7.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 305 3.1.2 Non-Associated Gas ...... 306 3.1.2.1 Production History ...... 306 3.1.2.2 Sirte Basin ...... 308 3.1.2.2.1 Producing Fields ...... 308 3.1.2.2.1.1 As Sahel ...... 310 3.1.2.2.1.2 As Surah ...... 313 3.1.2.2.1.3 Assumud ...... 315 3.1.2.2.1.4 Attahaddy ...... 317 3.1.2.2.1.5 Faregh ...... 320 3.1.2.2.1.6 Hateiba ...... 323 3.1.2.2.1.7 Meghil ...... 325 3.1.2.2.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 327 3.1.2.2.2.1 Barrut I ...... 329 3.1.2.2.2.2 NC 98-A ...... 331 3.1.2.2.2.3 Tabit ...... 332 3.1.2.2.3 Exploration Potential ...... 334 3.1.2.3 Ghadames Basin ...... 335 3.1.2.3.1 Producing Fields ...... 335 3.1.2.3.1.1 Al Wafa ...... 337 3.1.2.3.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 339 3.1.2.3.2.1 Al Atshan ...... 342 3.1.2.3.3 Exploration Potential ...... 344 3.1.2.4 Murzuk Basin ...... 345 3.1.2.4.1 Producing Fields ...... 345 3.1.2.4.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 345 3.1.2.4.3 Exploration Potential ...... 345 3.1.2.5 Offshore/Tripolitania Basin ...... 346 3.1.2.5.1 Producing Fields ...... 346 3.1.2.5.1.1 Bahr Essalam ...... 348 3.1.2.5.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 355 3.1.2.5.2.1 Small Non-Producing Gas Fields ...... 357 3.1.2.5.3 Exploration Potential ...... 359 3.1.2.6 Cyrenaica ...... 360 3.1.2.6.1 Producing Fields ...... 360
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3.1.2.6.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 360 3.1.2.6.3 Exploration Potential ...... 360 3.1.2.7 Kufra Basin ...... 361 3.1.2.7.1 Producing Fields ...... 361 3.1.2.7.2 Non-producing Fields ...... 361 3.1.2.7.3 Exploration Potential ...... 361 3.2 MIDSTREAM ...... 362 3.2.1 Pipelines ...... 362 3.2.1.1 Status ...... 362 3.2.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 362 3.2.1.3 Oil ...... 363 3.2.1.3.1 Status ...... 365 3.2.1.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 366 3.2.1.3.2.1 Libya – Egypt ...... 367 3.2.1.4 Gas ...... 367 3.2.1.4.1 Status ...... 369 3.2.1.4.2 Investment Requirement ...... 369 3.2.2 Crude Oil Terminals ...... 371 3.2.2.1 Status ...... 371 3.2.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 371 3.2.2.3 Existing Terminals ...... 372 3.2.2.3.1 Es Sider ...... 372 3.2.2.3.1.1 Status ...... 372 3.2.2.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 372 3.2.2.3.2 Marsa El Brega ...... 373 3.2.2.3.2.1 Status ...... 373 3.2.2.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 373 3.2.2.3.3 Ras Lanuf ...... 373 3.2.2.3.3.1 Status ...... 373 3.2.2.3.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 374 3.2.2.3.4 Marsa El Hariga ...... 374 3.2.2.3.4.1 Status ...... 374 3.2.2.3.4.2 Investment Requirement ...... 374 3.2.2.3.5 Zueitina ...... 375 3.2.2.3.5.1 Status ...... 375 3.2.2.3.5.2 Investment Requirement ...... 375 3.2.2.3.6 Zawia ...... 376 3.2.2.3.6.1 Status ...... 376 3.2.2.3.6.2 Investment Requirement ...... 376 3.3 DOWNSTREAM ...... 377 3.3.1 Refineries ...... 377 3.3.1.1 Status ...... 377 3.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 378
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3.3.1.3 Existing Refineries ...... 379 3.3.1.3.1 Ras Lanuf ...... 379 3.3.1.3.1.1 Existing Operations ...... 379 3.3.1.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 381 3.3.1.3.2 Azzawiya ...... 384 3.3.1.3.2.1 Existing Operations ...... 384 3.3.1.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 385 3.3.1.3.3 Marsa El Brega ...... 389 3.3.1.3.3.1 Existing Operations ...... 389 3.3.1.3.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 390 3.3.1.3.4 Tobruk ...... 390 3.3.1.3.4.1 Existing Operations ...... 390 3.3.1.3.4.2 Investment Requirement ...... 391 3.3.1.3.5 Sarir ...... 392 3.3.1.3.5.1 Existing Operations ...... 392 3.3.1.3.5.2 Investment Requirement ...... 393 3.3.1.4 Proposed New Refineries ...... 394 3.3.1.4.1 Sabha Refinery ...... 394 3.3.1.4.1.1 Proposed Operations ...... 394 3.3.1.4.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 395 3.3.2 Petrochemicals ...... 396 3.3.2.1 Status ...... 396 3.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 397 3.3.2.3 Existing Petrochemicals Plants ...... 397 3.3.2.3.1 Marsa el-Brega ...... 397 3.3.2.3.1.1 Existing Operations ...... 398 3.3.2.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 398 3.3.2.3.2 Abu Kammash ...... 398 3.3.2.3.2.1 Existing Operations ...... 398 3.3.2.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 398 3.3.2.3.3 Ras Lanuf ...... 399 3.3.2.3.3.1 Existing Operations ...... 399 3.3.2.3.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 399 3.3.2.4 Proposed Petrochemical Plants ...... 399 3.3.3 Gas Processing ...... 400 3.3.3.1 Natural Gas Liquids ...... 400 3.3.3.1.1 Status ...... 400 3.3.3.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 401 3.3.3.1.3 Existing Natural Gas Liquids Plants ...... 401 3.3.3.1.3.1 Melitah ...... 401 3.3.3.1.3.2 Intisar ...... 402 3.3.3.1.3.3 Zueitina ...... 403 3.3.3.1.4 Proposed Natural Gas Liquids Plants ...... 404
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3.3.3.2 Liquefied Natural Gas ...... 405 3.3.3.2.1 Status ...... 405 3.3.3.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 405 3.3.3.2.3 Existing Liquefied Natural Gas Plants ...... 406 3.3.3.2.3.1 Marsa el Brega ...... 406 3.3.3.2.4 Proposed Liquefied Natural Gas Plants ...... 407 3.4 INFRASTRUCTURE ...... 407 3.4.1 Transportation ...... 407 3.4.1.1 Status ...... 408 3.4.1.2 Investment Requirement ...... 408 3.4.1.3 Roads ...... 408 3.4.1.3.1 Existing ...... 408 3.4.1.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 409 3.4.1.4 Railway ...... 409 3.4.1.4.1 Existing ...... 409 3.4.1.4.2 Investment Requirement ...... 409 3.4.1.5 Air ...... 410 3.4.1.5.1 Existing...... 410 3.4.1.5.2 Investment Requirement...... 410 3.4.1.6 Ports ...... 411 3.4.1.6.1 Existing...... 411 3.4.1.6.2 Investment Requirement ...... 412 3.4.2 Power ...... 412 3.4.2.1 Status ...... 412 3.4.2.2 Investment Requirement ...... 413 3.4.2.3 Generation ...... 413 3.4.2.3.1 Status ...... 413 3.4.2.3.2 Investment Requirement ...... 414 3.4.2.4 Transmission ...... 414 3.4.2.4.1 Status ...... 414 3.4.2.4.2 Investment Requirement ...... 414 3.5 LOCAL CONTRACTOR CAPABILITY ...... 415 Appendices ...... 417 APPENDIX 1 ...... 418 Law No.5 Detail ...... 418 APPENDIX 2 ...... 441 Investor’s Guide ...... 441 List of Figures ...... 454 List of Tables ...... 456 Index ...... 469
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List of Tables Table 1.1: Libya’s Potential Ultimately Recoverable Oil and Gas Reserves by Basin ...... 13 Table 1.2: Libya’s Remaining Ultimately Recoverable Oil, Gas and Condensate Reserves by Petroleum Province ...... 14 Table 1.3: Summary of Investment Required for Libya’s Oil and Gas Industry and Associated Infrastructure ...... 16 Table 1.4: Potential Remaining Ultimately Recoverable Reserves Base of Libya’s Upstream Oil Fields ...... 26 Table 1.5: Capital Investment Required of Libya’s Upstream Oil Fields ...... 27 Table 1.6: Potential Remaining Ultimately Recoverable Reserves Base of Libya’s Upstream Non- Associated Gas Fields ...... 27 Table 1.7: Capital Investment Requirement of Libya’s Upstream Non-Associated Gas Fields ...... 28 Table 1.8: Summary of Libya’s Existing Pipeline Network ...... 29 Table 1.9: Libya’s Main Oil Pipelines running to the Oil Terminals ...... 29 Table 1.10: Proposed and Potential Pipeline Investments ...... 29 Table 1.11: Capacity of Libya’s Liquids Export Terminals Systems and Their Status ...... 30 Table 1.12: Libya’s Export Terminals – Summary of Investment Requirement ...... 30 Table 1.13: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Oil Refining Capacity ...... 31 Table 1.14: Libya’s Refineries – Summary of Investment Requirement ...... 31 Table 1.15: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Petrochemical Plant Capacity ...... 32 Table 1.16: Summary of Libya’s Investment Requirements for Petrochemical Plants ...... 33 Table 1.17: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Gas Processing Capacity ...... 34 Table 1.18: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate LNG Capacity ...... 34 Table 1.19: Libya's Gas Processing Sector - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 35 Table 1.20: Investment Requirement in Libya’s Transportation Infrastructure ...... 35 Table 1.21: Summary of Capital Investment Associated with Libya’s Power Generation Industry . 36 Table 2.1: Libya’s Potential Ultimately Recoverable Oil and Gas Reserves by Basin ...... 41 Table 2.2: Libya’s Remaining Ultimately Recoverable Oil, Gas and Condensate Reserves by Petroleum Province ...... 42 Table 2.3: Sirte Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 44 Table 2.4: Ghadames Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 46 Table 2.5: Murzuk Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 46 Table 2.6: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 47
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Table 2.7: Cyrenaica Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 47 Table 2.8: Kufra Basin Oil fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 48 Table 2.9: Sirte Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 49 Table 2.10: Ghadames Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Ultimately Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 50 Table 2.11: Murzuk Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 50 Table 2.12: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In- Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 51 Table 2.13: Cyrenaica Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 51 Table 2.14: Kufra Basin Non-associated Gas Fields and Prospects, Hydrocarbons In-Place and Remaining Recoverable Reserves Summary ...... 52 Table 3.1: Libya’s Oil Production ...... 60 Table 3.2: Sirte Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 59 Table 3.3: Sirte Basin Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 62 Table 3.4: Abu Maras Key Field Data ...... 65 Table 3.5: Abu Maras Commercial Data ...... 65 Table 3.6: Abu Maras Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 66 Table 3.7: Ali Key Field Data ...... 67 Table 3.8: Ali Commercial Data ...... 68 Table 3.9: Ali Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 68 Table 3.10: Almas Kay Field Data ...... 69 Table 3.11: Almas Commercial Data ...... 70 Table 3.12: Almas Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 71 Table 3.13: Amal Key Field Data ...... 75 Table 3.14: Amal Average Daily Oil Production ...... 76 Table 3.15: Amal Key Commercial Data ...... 76 Table 3.16: Amal Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 77 Table 3.17: Antelat Key Field Data ...... 78 Table 3.18: Anlat Commercial Data ...... 78 Table 3.19: Antelat Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 79 Table 3.20: Arbab Kay Field Data ...... 80 Table 3.21: Arbab Commercial Data ...... 80 Table 3.22: Arbab Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 81
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Table 3.23: As-Sarah Kay Field Data ...... 82 Table 3.24: As-Sarah Average Daily Oil Production ...... 83 Table 3.25: As-Sarah Commercial Data ...... 83 Table 3.26: As-Sarah Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 84 Table 3.27: Bahi Key Field Data ...... 85 Table 3.28: Bahi Commercial Data ...... 86 Table 3.29: Bahi Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 86 Table 3.30: Balat Key Field Data ...... 87 Table 3.31: Balat Commercial Data ...... 89 Table 3.32: Balat Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 89 Table 3.33: Beda Key Field Data ...... 90 Table 3.34: Beda Average Daily Oil Production ...... 91 Table 3.35: Beda Commercial Data ...... 91 Table 3.36: Beda Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 92 Table 3.37: Bu Alawn Key Field Data ...... 93 Table 3.38: Bu Alawn Commercial Data ...... 94 Table 3.39: Bu Alawn Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 95 Table 3.40: Bu Attifel Key Field Data ...... 96 Table 3.41: Bu Attifel Average Daily Oil Production ...... 97 Table 3.42: Bu Attifel Commercial Data ...... 97 Table 3.43: Bu Attifel Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 98 Table 3.44: Dahra Key Field Data ...... 99 Table 3.45: Dahra Average Daily Oil Production ...... 100 Table 3.46: Dahra Commercial Data ...... 101 Table 3.47: Dahra Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 101 Table 3.48: Defa Key Field Data ...... 102 Table 3.49: Defa Average Daily Oil Production ...... 103 Table 3.50: Defa Commercial Data ...... 104 Table 3.51: Defa Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 104 Table 3.52: Ed Dib Key Field Data ...... 106 Table 3.53: Ed Dib Commercial Data ...... 106 Table 3.54: Ed Dib Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 107 Table 3.55: El-Meheiriga Key Field Data ...... 108 Table 3.56: El-Meheiriga Commercial Data ...... 108 Table 3.57: El-Meheiriga Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 109 Table 3.58: En Naga Key Field Data ...... 111
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Table 3.59: En Naga Average Daily Oil Production ...... 112 Table 3.60: En Naga Commercial Data ...... 112 Table 3.61: En Naga Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 113 Table 3.62: Facha Key Field Data ...... 113 Table 3.63: Facha Commercial Data ...... 114 Table 3.64: Facha Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 115 Table 3.65: Farrud Key Field Data ...... 116 Table 3.66: Farrud Commercial Data ...... 116 Table 3.67: Farrud Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 117 Table 3.68: Fidda Key Field Data ...... 117 Table 3.69: Fidda Average Daily Oil Production ...... 118 Table 3.70: Fidda Commercial Data ...... 118 Table 3.71: Fidda Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 119 Table 3.72: Ghani Key Field Data ...... 120 Table 3.73: Ghani Average Daily Oil Production ...... 121 Table 3.74: Ghani Commercial Data ...... 121 Table 3.75: Ghani Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 122 Table 3.76: Gialo Key Field Data ...... 123 Table 3.77: Gialo Average Daily Oil Production ...... 124 Table 3.78: Gialo Commercial Data ...... 125 Table 3.79: Gialo Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 125 Table 3.80: Hamid Key Field Data ...... 126 Table 3.81: Hamid Average Daily Oil Production ...... 127 Table 3.82: Hamid Commercial Data ...... 127 Table 3.83: Hamid Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 128 Table 3.84: Hofra Key Field Data ...... 130 Table 3.85: Hofra Average Daily Oil Production ...... 130 Table 3.86: Hofra Commercial Data ...... 131 Table 3.87: Hofra Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 132 Table 3.88: Intisar Key Field Data ...... 134 Table 3.89: Intisar Average Daily Oil Production ...... 135 Table 3.90: Intisar Commercial Data ...... 135 Table 3.91: Intisar Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 136 Table 3.92: Kotla Key Field Data ...... 137 Table 3.93: Kotla Commercial Data ...... 137 Table 3.94: Kotla Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 138
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Table 3.95: Lehib / Dor Marada Key Field Data ...... 139 Table 3.96: Lehib / Dor Marada Average Daily Oil Production ...... 140 Table 3.97: Lehib / Dor Marada Commercial Data ...... 140 Table 3.98: Lehib / Dor Marada Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 141 Table 3.99: Mabruk Key Field Data ...... 142 Table 3.100: Mabruk Average Daily Oil Production ...... 143 Table 3.101: Mabruk Commercial Data ...... 143 Table 3.102: Mabruk Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 144 Table 3.103: Messla Key Field Data ...... 145 Table 3.104: Messla Average Daily Oil Production ...... 146 Table 3.105: Messla Commercial Data ...... 146 Table 3.106: Messla Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 147 Table 3.107: Nafoora Key Field Data ...... 148 Table 3.108: Nafoora Average Daily Oil Production ...... 149 Table 3.109: Nafoora-Augila Commercial Data ...... 149 Table 3.110: Nafoora Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 150 Table 3.111: Nakhla Key Field Data ...... 151 Table 3.112: Nakhla Commercial Data ...... 152 Table 3.113: Nakhla Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 153 Table 3.114: Nasser (Zelten) Key Field Data ...... 155 Table 3.115: Nasser (Zelten) Average Daily Oil Production ...... 155 Table 3.116: Nasser (Zelten) Commercial Data ...... 156 Table 3.117: Nasser (Zelten Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 157 Table 3.118: Qusur Key Field Data ...... 157 Table 3.119: Qusur Commercial Data ...... 158 Table 3.120: Qusur Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 159 Table 3.121: Raguba Key Field Data ...... 160 Table 3.122: Raguba Average Daily Oil Production ...... 161 Table 3.123: Raguba Commercial Data ...... 161 Table 3.124: Raguba Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 162 Table 3.125: Rakb Key Field Data ...... 163 Table 3.126: Rakb Commercial Data ...... 163 Table 3.127: Rakb Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 164 Table 3.128: Rimal-Khatib Key Field Data ...... 166 Table 3.129: Rimal-Khatib Average Daily Oil Production ...... 166 Table 3.130: Rimal-Khatib Commercial Data ...... 167
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Table 3.131: Rimal-Khatib Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 168 Table 3.132: Sabah Key Field Data ...... 169 Table 3.133: Sabah Average Daily Oil Production ...... 170 Table 3.134: Sabah Commercial Data ...... 170 Table 3.135: Sabah Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 171 Table 3.136: Safsaf Key Field Data ...... 172 Table 3.137: Safsaf Commercial Data ...... 172 Table 3.138: Safsaf Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 173 Table 3.139: Sahabi Key Field Data ...... 174 Table 3.140: Sabah Commercial Data ...... 175 Table 3.141: Sahabi Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 175 Table 3.142: Samah Key Field Data ...... 176 Table 3.143: Samah Average Daily Oil Production ...... 177 Table 3.144: Samah Commercial Data ...... 178 Table 3.145: Samah Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 179 Table 3.146: Sarir C, Sarir L and Sarir North Features ...... 180 Table 3.147: Sarir Group Key Field Data ...... 181 Table 3.148: Sarir Group Average Daily Oil Production ...... 182 Table 3.149: Sarir Group Commercial Data ...... 182 Table 3.150: Sarir Group Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 183 Table 3.151: Shatirah Key Field Data ...... 184 Table 3.152: Shatirah Average Daily Oil Production ...... 185 Table 3.153: Shatirah Commercial Data ...... 185 Table 3.154: Shatirah Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 186 Table 3.155: Tibisti Key Field Data ...... 187 Table 3.156: Tibisti Average Daily Oil Production ...... 187 Table 3.157: Tibisti Commercial Data ...... 188 Table 3.158: Tibisti Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 188 Table 3.159: Tuama Key Field Data ...... 189 Table 3.160: Tuama Commercial Data ...... 190 Table 3.161: Tuama Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 191 Table 3.162: Umm al Farrud Key Field Data ...... 192 Table 3.163: Umm Al Farrud Commercial Data ...... 193 Table 3.164: Umm Al Farrud Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 193 Table 3.165: Wadi Key Field Data ...... 194 Table 3.166: Wadi Average Daily Oil Production ...... 195
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Table 3.167: Wadi Commercial Data ...... 195 Table 3.168: Wadi Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 196 Table 3.169: Waha Key Field Data ...... 197 Table 3.170: Waha Average Daily Oil Production ...... 198 Table 3.171: Waha Commercial Data ...... 199 Table 3.172: Waha Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 199 Table 3.173: Zaggut Key Field Data ...... 201 Table 3.174: Zaggut Commercial Data ...... 202 Table 3.175: Zaggut Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 202 Table 3.176: Zella Key Field Data ...... 203 Table 3.177: Zella Average Daily Oil Production ...... 204 Table 3.178: Zella Commercial Data ...... 204 Table 3.179: Zella Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 205 Table 3.180: Zenad Key Field Data ...... 205 Table 3.181: Zenad Commercial Data ...... 206 Table 3.182: Zenad Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 207 Table 3.183: Sirte - Small Producing Fields Key Field Data ...... 208 Table 3.184: Sirte - Small Producing Fields Commercial Data ...... 209 Table 3.185: Sirte Small Producing Field Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 210 Table 3.186: Sirte Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 210 Table 3.187: Sirte Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 213 Table 3.188: Abu Quray Key Field Data ...... 213 Table 3.189: Abu Quray Commercial Data ...... 214 Table 3.190: Abu Quray Development Investment Summary ...... 215 Table 3.191: Beda South Key Field Data ...... 215 Table 3.192: Beda South Commercial Data ...... 216 Table 3.193: En Naga A Key Field Data ...... 217 Table 3.194: En Naga A Commercial Data ...... 217 Table 3.195: En Naga A Development Investment Summary ...... 218 Table 3.196: Sirte - Small Non-Producing Fields Key Field Data ...... 219 Table 3.197: Sirte – Small Non-Producing Fields Commercial Data ...... 220 Table 3.198: Sirte – Small Non-Producing Field Development Investment Summary ...... 220 Table 3.199: Sirte Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 first round ...... 222 Table 3.200: Sirte Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ...... 223 Table 3.201: Sirte Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round ...... 223 Table 3.202: Sirte Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 fourth round ...... 226
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Table 3.203: Well results for YYYY1-6 discovery well ...... 227 Table 3.204: Well results for 6Q1-59 discovery well ...... 227 Table 3.205: Well results for 6R1-59, 6P1-59 and UU1-71 discovery wells ...... 227 Table 3.206: Sirte Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ...... 228 Table 3.207: Libyan Sector of Ghadames Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 229 Table 3.208: Libyan Sector of Ghadames Basin Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 231 Table 3.209: Hamada Group Key Field Data ...... 232 Table 3.210: Hamada Group Average Daily Oil Production ...... 233 Table 3.211: Hamada Group Commercial Data ...... 233 Table 3.212: Hamada Group Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 234 Table 3.213: Al Kabir Group Key Field Data ...... 235 Table 3.214: Al Kabir Group Commercial Data ...... 236 Table 3.215: Al Kabir Group Development Investment Summary ...... 237 Table 3.216: Libyan Sector of Ghadames Basin Non-producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary 238 Table 3.217: Libyan Sector of Ghadames Basin Non-producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 239 Table 3.218: Northern Group Key Field Data ...... 239 Table 3.219: Northern Group Commercial Data ...... 240 Table 3.220: Northern Group Development Investment Summary ...... 241 Table 3.221: Area 47 drilling and testing status at January 12, 2009...... 243 Table 3.222: Area 47 Group Key Field Data ...... 245 Table 3.223: Area 47 Group Commercial Data ...... 246 Table 3.224: Area 47 Group Development Investment Summary ...... 247 Table 3.225: Ghadames Basin Blocks offered in EPSA4 first round ...... 249 Table 3.226: Ghadames Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ...... 251 Table 3.227: Ghadames Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round ...... 251 Table 3.228: Ghadames Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 fourth round ...... 251 Table 3.229: Well results for recent discoveries in the Ghadames Basin ...... 252 Table 3.230: Ghadames Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ...... 253 Table 3.231: Murzuk Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 254 Table 3.232: Murzuk Basin Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 255 Table 3.233: El Feel Key Field Data ...... 258 Table 3.234: El Feel Average Daily Oil Production ...... 259 Table 3.235: El Feel Commercial Data ...... 259 Table 3.236: El Feel Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 260
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Table 3.237: El Sharara Key Field Data ...... 266 Table 3.238: El Sharara Average Daily Oil Production ...... 267 Table 3.239: El Sharara Commercial Data ...... 267 Table 3.240: El Sharara Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 268 Table 3.241: NC 186 Key Field Data ...... 272 Table 3.242: NC 186 Average Daily Oil Production ...... 273 Table 3.243: NC 186 Commercial Data ...... 273 Table 3.244: NC 186 Development Investment Summary ...... 274 Table 3.245: Murzuk Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 275 Table 3.246: Murzuk Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 276 Table 3.247: NC101 Fields Key Field Data ...... 276 Table 3.248: NC101 Fields Commercial Data ...... 277 Table 3.249: NC101 Fields Development Investment Summary ...... 278 Table 3.250: Murzuk Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 first round ...... 279 Table 3.251: Murzuk Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ...... 280 Table 3.252: Murzuk Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round ...... 280 Table 3.253: Murzuk Basin Blocks offered in EPSA4 fourth round ...... 281 Table 3.254: Well results for recent discoveries in the Murzuk Basin ...... 281 Table 3.255: Murzuk Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ...... 281 Table 3.256: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 282 Table 3.257: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 284 Table 3.258: Bouri Key Field Data ...... 287 Table 3.259: Bouri Average Daily Oil Production ...... 288 Table 3.260: Bouri Commercial Data ...... 289 Table 3.261: Bouri Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 289 Table 3.262: Al Jurf Key Field Data ...... 292 Table 3.263: Al Jurf Average Daily Oil Production ...... 292 Table 3.264: Al Jurf Commercial Data ...... 293 Table 3.265: Al Jurf Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 293 Table 3.266: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Producing Oil Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 294 Table 3.267: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Non-Producing Oil Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 295 Table 3.268: Non-Producing Fields Key Field Data ...... 296 Table 3.269: Tripolitania – Non-Producing Fields Commercial Data ...... 297
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Table 3.270: Offshore/Tripolitania Small Non-Producing Field Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 297 Table 3.271: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 first round ...... 299 Table 3.272: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ...... 299 Table 3.273: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 fourth round ...... 300 Table 3.274: Offshore/Tripolitania Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ..... 300 Table 3.275: Cyrenaica Blocks awarded in EPSA4 first round ...... 301 Table 3.276: Cyrenaica Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ...... 302 Table 3.277: Cyrenaica Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round ...... 302 Table 3.278: Cyrenaica Blocks awarded in EPSA4 fourth round ...... 302 Table 3.279: Cyrenaica Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ...... 303 Table 3.280: Kufra Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 second round ...... 304 Table 3.281: Kufra Basin Blocks awarded in EPSA4 third round ...... 305 Table 3.282 Kufra Basin Estimated Exploration Summary, Cost and Timing ...... 305 Table 3.283: Libya’s Gas Production Split from 1999 to 2003 ...... 306 Table 3.284: Libya’s Gas Production ...... 306 Table 3.285: Sirte Basin Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 308 Table 3.286: Sirte Basin Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 310 Table 3.287: As Sahel Key Field Data ...... 311 Table 3.288: As Sahel Commercial Data ...... 312 Table 3.289: As Sahel Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 312 Table 3.290: As Surah Key Field Data ...... 313 Table 3.291: As Surah Commercial Data ...... 314 Table 3.292: As Surah Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 314 Table 3.293: Assumud Key Field Data ...... 315 Table 3.294: Assumud Commercial Data ...... 316 Table 3.295: Assumud Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 317 Table 3.296: Attahaddy Key Field Data ...... 318 Table 3.297: Attahaddy Commercial Data ...... 318 Table 3.298: Attahaddy Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 319 Table 3.299: Faregh Key Field Data ...... 321 Table 3.300: Faregh Commercial Data ...... 322 Table 3.301: Faregh Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 322 Table 3.302: Hateiba Key Field Data ...... 323 Table 3.303: Hateiba Commercial Data ...... 324 Table 3.304: Hateiba Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 325
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Table 3.305: Meghil Key Field Data ...... 326 Table 3.306: Meghil Commercial Data ...... 326 Table 3.307: Meghil Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 327 Table 3.308: Sirte Basin Non-Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 328 Table 3.309: Sirte Basin Non-Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 329 Table 3.310: Barrut I Key Field Data ...... 329 Table 3.311: Barrut I Commercial Data ...... 330 Table 3.312: Barrut I Development Investment Summary ...... 331 Table 3.313: NC 98-A Key Field Data ...... 331 Table 3.314: NC 98-A Commercial Data ...... 332 Table 3.315: Tabit Key Field Data ...... 333 Table 3.316: Tabit Commercial Data ...... 333 Table 3.317: Tabit Development Investment Summary ...... 334 Table 3.318: Ghadames Basin Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 335 Table 3.319: Ghadames Basin Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 336 Table 3.320: Al Wafaa Key Field Data ...... 338 Table 3.321: Al Wafaa Commercial Data ...... 338 Table 3.322: Al Wafaa Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 339 Table 3.323: Ghadames Basin Non-Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 340 Table 3.324: Ghadames Basin Non-Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity .. 342 Table 3.325: Al Atshan Key Data ...... 342 Table 3.326: Al Atshan Commercial Data ...... 343 Table 3.327: Al Atshan Development Investment Summary ...... 344 Table 3.328: Offshore/Tripolitania Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 346 Table 3.329: Offshore/Tripolitania Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ... 347 Table 3.330: Bahr Essalam Key Field Data ...... 352 Table 3.331: Bahr Essalam Commercial Data ...... 353 Table 3.332: Bahr Essalam Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 354 Table 3.333: Offshore/Tripolitania Non-Producing Gas Fields – Reserves Summary ...... 355 Table 3.334: Offshore/Tripolitania Non-Producing Gas Fields - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 357 Table 3.335: Offshore/Tripolitania - Non-Producing Fields Key Field Data ...... 357 Table 3.336: Offshore/Tripolitania – Non-Producing Fields Commercial Data ...... 358 Table 3.337: Offshore/Tripolitania Small Non-Producing Gas Field Redevelopment Investment Summary ...... 358 Table 3.338: Summary of Libya’s Existing Pipeline Network ...... 362
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Table 3.339: Libya’s Main Oil Pipelines running to Oil Terminals ...... 362 Table 3.340: Proposed and Potential Pipeline Investments ...... 362 Table 3.341: Libya’s Existing Crude Oil Pipelines ...... 365 Table 3.342: Libya’s Existing Oil Products Pipelines ...... 366 Table 3.343: Libya's Main Oil Pipelines - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 366 Table 3.344: Libya’s Existing Natural Gas Pipelines ...... 369 Table 3.345: Libya's Main Gas Pipelines - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 370 Table 3.346: Capacity of Libya’s Liquids Export Terminals Systems and Their Status ...... 371 Table 3.347: Libya’s Export Terminals – Summary of Investment Requirement ...... 372 Table 3.348: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Es Sider ...... 372 Table 3.349: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Marsa El Brega ...... 373 Table 3.350: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Ras Lanuf ...... 373 Table 3.351: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Marsa El Hariga ...... 374 Table 3.352: Type and Size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Zueitina ...... 375 Table 3.353: Type and size of Crude Oil Loading Facilities at Zawia ...... 376 Table 3.354: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Oil Refining Capacity ...... 377 Table 3.355: Libya’s Refineries – Summary of Investment Requirement ...... 378 Table 3.356: Ras Lanuf Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ...... 379 Table 3.357: Ras Lanuf Oil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ...... 380 Table 3.358: Ras Lanuf Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ...... 381 Table 3.359: Azzawiya Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ...... 384 Table 3.360: Azzawiya Oil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ...... 385 Table 3.361: Zawia Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ...... 386 Table 3.362: Marsa El Brega Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ...... 389 Table 3.363: Marsa El Brega Oil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ...... 389 Table 3.364: Marsa El Brega Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ...... 390 Table 3.365: Tobruk Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ...... 391 Table 3.366: Tobruk Oil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ...... 391 Table 3.367: Tobruk Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ...... 392 Table 3.368: Sarir Oil Refinery Existing Operations Summary ...... 392 Table 3.369: SarirOil Refinery Product Capacities and Quality ...... 393 Table 3.370: Sarir Refinery Refurbishment and Modernisation Projects ...... 393 Table 3.371: Sabha Refinery Complex Proposed Operations Summary ...... 394 Table 3.372: Sabha Refinery Proposed Product Capacities and Quality ...... 394 Table 3.373: Proposed Sabha Refinery Complex Modernisation Projects ...... 395 Table 3.374: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Petrochemical Plant Capacity ...... 396
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Table 3.375: Summary of Investment Opportunity in Libya’s Petrochemical Industry ...... 397 Table 3.376: Marsa el Brega Petrochemical Centre Existing Plants Summary ...... 398 Table 3.377: Summary of Abu Kammash ...... 398 Table 3.378: Summary of Ras Lanuf ...... 399 Table 3.379: Summary of Ras Lanuf second phase development ...... 399 Table 3.380: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate Gas Processing Capacity ...... 400 Table 3.381: Melitah Existing Operations Summary ...... 401 Table 3.382: Melitah Product Capacities and Quality ...... 402 Table 3.383: Intisar Existing Operations Summary ...... 402 Table 3.384: Intisar Product Capacities and Quality ...... 403 Table 3.385: Zueitina Existing Operations Summary ...... 403 Table 3.386: Zueitina Product Capacities and Quality ...... 404 Table 3.387: Summary of Libya’s Nameplate LNG Capacity ...... 405 Table 3.388: Libya's Gas Processing Sector - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 405 Table 3.389: Technical Summary for the Marsa el Brega ...... 406 Table 3.390: Marsa El Brega LNG Plant - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 407 Table 3.391: Investment Requirement in Libya’s Transportation Infrastructure ...... 408 Table 3.392: Total length paved and unpaved road in Libya ...... 408 Table 3.393: Libya's Key Roadways ...... 408 Table 3.394: Libya’s Track Lengths ...... 409 Table 3.395: Libya’s Rail Network specification ...... 409 Table 3.396: Libya’s Airfield Types ...... 410 Table 3.397: Libya's Cargo Ports ...... 411 Table 3.398: Libya's Cargo Ports Development opportunities ...... 412 Table 3.399: Summary of Capital Investment Associated with Libya’s Power Generation Industry ...... 413 Table 3.400: Libya's Power Generation Plants ...... 413 Table 3.401: Libya's Development of Produced Power and Peak Load (1996 – 2004) ...... 414 Table 3.402: Libya's Projected Power Demand ...... 414 Table 3.403: Libya's Proposed Power Plants ...... 414 Table 3.404: Libya's Electricity Transmission Sector - Summary of Business Opportunity ...... 415 Table 3.405: Libyan Local Contracting Firms ...... 415
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Index Basin Hydrocarbon feed stocks, 32, 368, 371 Cyrenaica, 11, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 37, LLDPE, 32, 368, 371 38, 40, 41, 47, 50, 51, 56, 57, 279, 280, LNG, 34, 35, 148, 213, 289, 300, 361, 376, 281, 283, 333 377, 378, 379 Ghadames, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, Methanol, 32, 33, 345, 368, 369, 370, 371 40, 41, 45, 49, 56, 57, 206, 214, 220, 221, 228, 229, 230, 239, 240, 242, 244, Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether, 32, 353, 355, 260, 312, 313, 314, 316, 317, 318, 319, 360, 368, 371 322, 325, 338 Oil, 31, 59, 60, 62, 64, 201, 204, 220, 222, Kufra, 11, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, 228, 229, 230, 245, 247, 257, 258, 259, 40, 41, 47, 51, 56, 57, 282, 283, 334 265, 267, 272, 273, 274, 286, 287, 288, 304, 305, 312, 313, 314, 316, 317, 318, Murzuk, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 31, 37, 38, 319, 323, 324, 328, 329, 330, 339, 343, 40, 41, 45, 46, 49, 50, 56, 57, 211, 213, 349, 350, 365 231, 239, 240, 245, 246, 251, 252, 257, 258, 261, 262, 263, 264, 277, 279, 282, Polyethylene, 32, 368, 371 319, 322, 338, 350, 351, 366 Polypropylene, 32, 368, 371 Offshore/Tripolitania, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, Polyvinyl Chloride, 32, 33, 368, 369, 370 28, 37, 38, 40, 41, 46, 50, 56, 57, 265, 266, 267, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, Propylene, 32, 368, 371 278, 323, 324, 325, 328, 329, 330, 331 Pyrolysis Gasoline, 32, 368, 371 Sirte, 13, 14, 17, 26, 27, 28, 33, 37, 38, 40, Urea, 32, 33, 345, 368, 369, 370 41, 43, 45, 48, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 67, 69, 76, 174, 199, 200, 201, 203, 204, Vinyl Chloride Monomer, 32, 368, 370 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217, 219, Infrastructure 239, 240, 242, 277, 286, 287, 288, 304, Airports, 12, 35, 379, 380, 381, 382 305, 306, 338, 361, 363 Electricity Transmission, 386 Commodity Ports, 35, 379, 380, 382, 383 Ammonia, 32, 33, 345, 368, 369, 370 Benghazi, 383 Benzene, 32, 351, 368, 371 Derna, 382, 383, 384 Butadiene, 32, 351, 368, 371 Khoms, 383 Butene-1, 32, 368, 371 Marsa El Brega, 382, 383 Ethane, 371, 374, 375, 376, 378 Qasr Ahmed (Misurata), 382, 383 Ethylene, 32, 368, 371 Ras Lanuf, 382, 383, 384 Ethylene dichloride, 32, 368, 370 Tobruk, 382, 383 Fuel Gas, 32, 298, 343, 368, 371, 377 Tripoli, 382, 383 Gas, 33, 34, 270, 349, 372, 374, 375, 376, 377 Zuara, 382, 383, 384 Gasoline, 353, 354, 355, 357, 358, 359, Zueitina, 382, 383 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, Power Generation, 33, 35, 36, 355, 361, 374, 375, 376, 378 367, 384, 385, 386 HDPE, 32, 368, 371 Railway, 12, 35, 379, 381
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Roads, 12, 35, 379, 380 Husky, 177 International Energy Group Hyundai, 250, 371 Al Ghurair Investments, 31, 356 INA, 217 Edison International, 217, 373 Indian Oil, 242 ETA Ascon Star Group, 31, 356 Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, 214, 217 Star Petro Energy, 31, 356 Inpex, 216, 263, 280 TransAsia Gas International, 31, 356 Itochu Corporation, 217 International Oil Company Japan Petroleum Exploration Co. Ltd, 217 Addax, 216 Japex, 263, 280 Agip (ENI), 30, 91, 93, 158, 159, 160, 198, JOGMEC, 217 216, 248, 250, 269, 275, 278, 282, 315, Korea Gas Corporation, 217 327, 331, 334, 344 Lasmo, 248, 249 Amerada Hess, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 96, 97, 99, 117, 119, 170, 188, 189, 190, 191, Liwa, 213, 214, 262, 279 193, 213, 299, 309 LUKoil, 216 BG, 213, 215, 282, 283 Maersk, 216 BP, 138, 139, 172, 174, 215 Majuko Enterprise, 250 Bridas Corporation, 216 Marathon, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 96, 97, 99, Burren Energy, 216 117, 119, 170, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 216, 299, 309 Centrica Energy, 217 Medco, 237, 240 Chevron, 215, 262 Mitsubishi Corporation, 217, 242, 277, 280 Chinese Petroleum, 263 Mitsui, 217 CNPC, 237, 277, 278 MOL, 217 ConocoPhillips, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 96, 97, 99, 117, 119, 170, 188, 189, 190, 191, Mubadala Development, 217 193, 215, 299, 309 Naftogaz Ukrainy, 216 Daesung, 250 Nippon Oil Exploration Ltd, 217, 277, 280 Dow Chemical Co., 371 Norsk Hydro, 263 E.ON Ruhrgas, 217 Novatek JSC, 216 Essar Group, 231, 260 Oasis, 80, 81, 83, 84, 94, 96, 97, 98, 117, ExxonMobil, 65, 71, 100, 108, 110, 114, 118, 119, 123, 142, 169, 170, 188, 189, 123, 132, 135, 149, 153, 156, 166, 167, 191, 192, 193, 282, 334 178, 183, 194, 196, 214, 215, 216, 280, Occidental, 67, 69, 76, 77, 112, 113, 126, 293, 300, 376, 377 128, 142, 161, 163, 164, 165, 194, 195, Gaz De France, 216, 373 213, 214, 216, 217, 262, 279, 373, 374, 375 Gazprom, 213, 214, 216, 242 Oil India, 242 Hellenic Petroleum, 214, 217, 240 Oil India, 213, 214, 217 Hess, 216
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OMV, 177, 214, 216, 253, 256, 262, 263, Woodside, 212, 213, 214, 216, 240, 319, 278 320 ONGC Videsh, 216, 242, 277, 280 Local Contractor Pakistan Petroleum Ltd, 216 A T International, 387 Pan American, 166, 167, 216 Al Baraka Oilfield Services, 387 Pertamina, 213, 277 Al Enmaa Oilfield Services, 387 Petrobras, 216, 277 Al Motawaset for Oilfield Services, 387 Petro-Canada, 65, 72, 73, 101, 105, 107, Alpha Oil Field Services, 387 109, 111, 116, 124, 125, 133, 151, 156, Atlas Oilfield Services, 387 179, 197, 208, 216, 307 Bosna-S Oil Services Co., 387 Petrom, 251 CSI (Group) Oilfield Services, 387 Petronas Carigali, 216 DAAM Co., 387 Polskie Gornictwo Naftowe i Gazownictwo (PGNiG), 216, 263 Dolphin Oilfield Services, 387 PTTEP, 216 NAPSC, 387 Repsol, 34, 214, 216, 240, 251, 252, 253, Petrolibya Oilfield Services, 387 256, 262, 263, 277, 278, 377 RS Libya – Baida Co., 387 RWE Dea, 214, 216, 280 SABEEL Company, 387 Saga Petroleum Mabruk (Norsk Hydro), TeCo BH, 387 43, 136, 262 VAOS Limited, 387 Shell, 34, 74, 213, 216, 217, 378, 379 Wadi Temsikt, 387 SK Energy, 250 Non-associated Gas Field Statoil, 216, 280, 282 3L1-11, 305 Talisman, 216 Al Atshan, 49, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, Tatneft, 214, 242 322 Teikoku, 242 Al Wafaa, 49, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, Total, 102, 103, 135, 136, 216, 253, 256, 325, 326, 338, 373 262, 272, 274, 275, 280, 331 As Sahel, 49, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290 Turkish Petroleum, 263 As Surah, 49, 286, 287, 288, 290, 291, 292 Union Fenosa, 217 Assumud, 49, 286, 287, 288, 292, 293, 294 Veba Oil Operations B.V. (Petro-Canada), Attahaddy, 49, 286, 287, 288, 294, 295, 72, 101, 109, 111, 116, 133, 197 296, 378 Verenex, 232, 237, 238, 240, 242 Bahr Essalam, 50, 267, 314, 323, 324, 325, Waha, 81, 82, 84, 85, 94, 96, 97, 99, 117, 326, 327, 330, 373 170, 189, 190, 191, 199, 297, 298, 299, Barrut I, 49, 305, 306, 307, 308 309, 345 C-NC 35A, 329, 330 Wintershall, 78, 79, 120, 121, 145, 181, 182, 199, 216, 272, 275, 283, 331 D-NC 41, 329, 330 E-NC 137, 330
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E-NC 41, 329, 330 Area 47 Group, 232 Faregh, 49, 286, 287, 288, 297, 298, 299, Arshad, 61, 198 300, 343 As-Sarah, 44, 59, 61, 62, 78, 79, 80, 342, G-NC 41, 329, 330 349 Hateiba, 49, 286, 287, 288, 300, 301, 302 Aswad, 61, 199 H-NC 41, 329, 330 Augila, 44, 60, 61, 63, 87, 139, 141, 142, K-NC 41, 329, 330 143, 155, 174, 207, 293, 308 Meghil, 49, 286, 287, 288, 302, 303, 304, Ayn Jarbi, 61, 199 378 Bahi, 33, 44, 59, 61, 62, 80, 81, 82, 83, 372 M-NC 41, 329, 330 Balat, 44, 60, 61, 62, 83, 84, 85 NC 98-A, 49, 305, 306, 308, 309 Barrut N, 203, 209 P-NC 41, 329, 330 Barrut T, 203, 209 Tabit, 49, 305, 306, 309, 310, 311 Bazzuzi, 203, 209 Oil Field Beda, 44, 60, 61, 62, 86, 87, 88, 139, 142, 3U-59, 203, 209 174, 206, 207 4T-59, 203, 209 Beda South, 45, 88, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207 A-137, 273, 274 Bilhizan, 61, 199 Abraq, 203, 209 B-NC 171, 61, 199 Abu Amud, 203, 209 B-NC137, 273, 274 Abu Maras, 43, 59, 61, 62, 65, 66 Bouri, 46, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, Abu Quray, 44, 201, 203, 204, 205, 206 274, 278, 325, 339, 342 Al Jurf, 46, 265, 266, 267, 271, 272, 274, Bu Alawn, 60, 61, 62, 89, 90 275 Bu Attifel, 33, 44, 60, 61, 62, 91, 92, 93, Al Kabir, 45, 220, 221, 222, 225, 226, 227 141, 158, 288, 308, 372 Al Kuf, 61, 198 C-137, 273, 274 Ali, 43, 59, 61, 62, 67, 68, 77 Chadar, 203, 209 Almas, 43, 59, 61, 62, 69, 70, 77 Choboc, 203, 209 Amal, 43, 57, 59, 61, 62, 71, 72, 73, 79, 87, C-NC 41, 273, 274 92, 95, 98, 106, 113, 115, 117, 118, 121, 124, 128, 133, 136, 139, 142, 149, 153, C-NC 98, 61, 199 159, 162, 170, 173, 176, 179, 186, 189, C-NC137, 273, 274 194, 223, 249, 253, 256, 269, 271 D-137, 273, 274 A-NC 107, 203, 209 Daba, 61, 199 A-NC 125, 61, 198 Dafa, 98 A-NC 41, 273, 274 Dahra, 44, 60, 61, 62, 94, 95, 96, 97, 123 A-NC 74F, 203, 209 DDD-59, 203, 209 Antelat, 43, 59, 61, 62, 74, 75 Defa, 33, 44, 60, 61, 63, 97, 98, 99, 100, Arbab, 44, 59, 61, 62, 76, 77 372
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D-NC 171, 61, 199 Haram, 203, 210 Dor Mansour, 61, 199 Harash, 61, 199 Dor Marada, 44, 60, 63, 132 HH-80, 203, 210 E-137, 273, 274 Hofra, 44, 60, 61, 63, 94, 123, 124, 125 E-92, 203, 210 Intisar, 33, 44, 60, 61, 63, 93, 102, 126, Ed Dib, 44, 60, 61, 63, 100, 101, 102, 108, 127, 128, 129, 166, 176, 212, 297, 308, 114, 196 372, 373, 374 EE-80, 203, 210 Jakhira, 61, 199 El Sharara, 29, 46, 245, 246, 247, 248, 251, Jebel, 61, 199 252, 253, 254, 255, 262, 335, 338, 339 K-137, 273, 274 Elephant, 29, 46, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, Karim, 203, 210 335, 338 Khalifah, 61, 199 El-Meheiriga, 44, 60, 61, 63, 102, 103, 104 Khatib, 44, 60, 61, 64, 158, 159, 160 Emghayet, 221, 222 Khatt, 203, 210 En Naga, 44, 60, 61, 63, 105, 106, 107, KK-80, 203, 210 207, 338 Kotla, 44, 60, 61, 63, 130, 131 En Naga A, 45, 201, 203, 204, 207, 208, 209 L-51, 203, 210 E-NC 35A, 273, 274 Lehib, 44, 60, 61, 63, 132, 133, 134 Eteila, 61, 199 Libba, 203, 210 F-137, 273, 274 Mabruk, 44, 60, 61, 63, 135, 136, 137 Facha, 44, 60, 61, 63, 108, 109, 110, 114, Majid, 61, 199 150, 196 Majid N, 61, 199 Farigh, 61, 199 Masrab, 61, 199 Farrud, 44, 60, 61, 63, 110, 111, 183 Messla, 44, 60, 61, 63, 87, 138, 139, 140, Fidda, 44, 60, 61, 63, 112, 113, 114 142, 174, 207, 351, 352 F-NC 41, 273, 274 Meulagh, 61, 199 Gattar, 203, 210 MM-82, 203, 210 Ghani, 44, 60, 61, 63, 100, 108, 114, 115, Nafoora, 44, 60, 61, 63, 87, 139, 141, 142, 116, 196 143, 155, 174, 207, 308, 342 Ghziel, 221, 225 Nafoora-Augila, 91 Gialo, 44, 60, 61, 63, 117, 119, 289, 297, Nakhla, 44, 60, 61, 63, 144, 145, 146, 181 343 Nasser, 44, 57, 60, 63, 71, 147, 149, 150, G-NC 35A, 273, 274 185, 289, 291, 302, 378 Hakim, 61, 199 Nasser, 61, 148 Hamada, 29, 45, 87, 139, 142, 174, 207, NC 101, 46, 257, 258, 259 220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 227, 231, 236, NC 186, 46, 245, 246, 247, 252, 254, 255, 237, 335, 356, 357 256, 257 Hamid, 44, 60, 61, 63, 120, 121, 122, 181
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NN-47, 203, 210 Zaauam, 203, 210 North Ghziel, 221, 225 Zaggut, 44, 60, 61, 64, 191, 192, 193 Northern Group, 45, 228, 229, 230, 231, Zella, 44, 60, 61, 64, 194, 195 232, 238 Zelten, 148 O-80, 203, 210 Zenad, 44, 60, 61, 64, 108, 196, 197, 198 P-71, 61, 199 Petrochemicals Qusur, 44, 60, 61, 63, 150, 151, 152 Abu Kammash, 32, 33, 368, 369, 370 Raguba, 44, 60, 61, 64, 152, 154, 378 Marsa El Brega, 32, 33, 289, 300, 342, 368, Rakb, 44, 60, 61, 64, 155, 156, 157 369, 370 Rimal, 44, 60, 61, 64, 92, 158, 159, 160 Ras Lanuf, 32, 33, 342, 368, 369, 371 RR-59, 61, 199 Rafinery RR-71, 61, 199 Sarir, 352 Sabah, 44, 60, 61, 64, 161, 162, 163, 167 Refinery Safsaf, 44, 60, 61, 64, 164, 165, 166 Marsa El Brega, 31, 91, 147, 295, 300, 350, Sahabi, 44, 60, 61, 64, 166, 168, 171 351, 361, 362 Samah, 44, 60, 61, 64, 83, 105, 169, 170, Ras Lanuf, 31, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 338 356, 358, 361, 362, 364 Sarir, 44, 60, 61, 64, 87, 117, 139, 142, Sabha (Murzuk), 31, 32, 350, 351, 366, 172, 173, 174, 175, 207, 279, 351, 352, 367, 368 363 Sarir, 31, 350, 351, 364, 365 Shatirah, 44, 60, 61, 64, 176, 177 Tobruk, 31, 279, 350, 351, 363, 364 T1-82, 203, 210 Zawia, 31, 227, 231, 248, 350, 351, 356, T-80, 203, 210 357, 358, 359, 361, 362, 364 Tagrifat, 61, 199 State Oil Company Themar, 203, 210 AGOCO (Arabian Gulf Oil Company), 87, 88, 90, 131, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, Tibisti, 44, 60, 61, 64, 178, 179, 180 167, 172, 174, 184, 198, 199, 207, 210, Tuama, 44, 60, 61, 64, 181, 182, 183 223, 224, 226, 231, 241, 243, 363, 365 U-59/4, 61, 199 Korea National Oil Corporation (KNOC), 248 Umm Al Farrud, 44, 60, 61, 64, 110, 183, 184, 185 National Oil Corporation (NOC), 43, 48, 54, 55, 65, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 90, 93, 96, UU-80, 61, 199 99, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 116, V-59, 61, 199 119, 124, 133, 136, 139, 142, 151, 156, 159, 163, 167, 170, 174, 177, 179, 189, Wadi, 44, 60, 61, 64, 185, 186, 187 190, 195, 197, 200, 207, 208, 210, 211, Waha, 44, 60, 61, 64, 188, 190 212, 214, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 231, 237, 239, 240, 241, 243, 248, 249, 250, Warid, 203, 210 253, 256, 262, 269, 272, 275, 277, 278, Y-59, 203, 210 279, 289, 291, 293, 299, 301, 303, 307, YY-59/4, 61, 199 309, 314, 315, 327, 331, 348, 349, 351,
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