DOCSLIB.ORG

Chromosomal Locations of the Maize (Zea Mays L.) Htp and Rt Genes That Confer Resistance to Exserohilum Turcicum

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chromosomal Locations of the Maize (Zea Mays L.) Htp and Rt Genes That Confer Resistance to Exserohilum Turcicum Genetics and Molecular Biology, 30, 3, 630-634 (2007) Copyright by the Brazilian Society of Genetics. Printed in Brazil www.sbg.org.br Short Communication Chromosomal locations of the maize (Zea mays L.) HtP and rt genes that confer resistance to Exserohilum turcicum Juliana Bernardi Ogliari1, Marco Antônio Guimarães2 and Luis Eduardo Aranha Camargo3 1Departamento de Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. 2Monsanto do Brasil Ltda, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. 3Setor de Fitopatologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Abstract We used 125 microsatellite markers to genotype the maize (Zea mays L.) near isogenic lines (NIL) L30HtPHtPRtRt and L30htphtpRtRt and the L40htphtprtrt line which contrast regarding the presence of the recently described dominant HtP and the recessive rt genes that confer resistance to Exserohilum turcicum. Five microsatellite markers revealed poly- morphisms between the NIL and were considered candidate linked markers for the HtP resistance gene. Linkage was confirmed by bulked segregant sample (BSS) analysis of 32 susceptible and 34 resistant plants from a BC1F1 population derived from the cross (L30HtPHtPRtRt x L40htphtprtrt) x L40htphtprtrt. The bnlg198 and dupssr25 markers, both located on maize chromosome 2L (bin 2.08), were polymorphic between bulks. Linkage distances were estimated based on co-segregation data of the 32 susceptible plants and indicated distances of 28.7 centimorgans (cM) be- tween HtP and bnlg198 and 23.5 cM between HtP and dupssr25. The same set of susceptible plants was also geno- typed with markers polymorphic between L30HtPHtPRtRt and L40htphtprtrt in order to find markers linked to the rt gene. Marker bnlg197, from chromosome 3L (bin 3.06), was found linked to rt at a distance of 9.7 cM. This is the first report on the chromosomal locations of these newly described genes. Key words: bulked segregant sample analysis, microsatellite markers, maize, near-isogenic lines, northern leaf blight. Received: July 13, 2006; Accepted: November 6, 2006. Helminthosporiosis is one of the main leaf diseases of genes HtP and rt were recently described by Ogliari et al. maize and is caused by the fungus Exserohilum turcicum (2005). The dominant HtP confers resistance to all E. Leonard & Suggs [Helminthosporium turcicum Pass.], turcicum races described to date, whereas the recessive rt which is the teleomorph of Setosphaeria turcica (Lutterell) gene confers resistance to races possessing the 1, 2, 3, and Leonard & Suggs (Frederiksen, 1991). Severe epidemics N virulence factors as well as the, as yet undetermined, x occur most frequently in Southern and Western Brazil, virulence factor (Ogliari et al., 2005). Both the HtP and rt causing severe yield losses, which can exceed 50%, as a genes were identified in two elite maize lines consequence of extensive leaf damage during the grain- (L30HtPHtPRtRt and L40htphtprtrt) in a hybrid breeding pro- filling period (Raymundo and Hooker, 1981). gram developed by Sementes Agroceres S/A (currently This disease can be controlled by deploying genes Monsanto do Brasil Ltda) through phenotypic analysis of that confer either qualitative or quantitative resistance. BC1F1 segregants (Ogliari et al., 2005). Most of the qualitative resistance genes are dominant or Several qualitative genes and quantitative trait loci partially dominant, such as the Ht , Ht , Ht , HtM, HtN, 1 2 3 (QTL) controlling disease resistance have been mapped in and HtP genes (Gevers, 1975; Hooker 1961, 1963a, 1963b, maize, including E. turcicum resistance genes (Simcox and 1975, 1977, 1978, 1981; Ogliari et al., 2005; Robbins and Bennetzen, 1993). For instance, the Ht gene is located on Warren, 1993), but there are also two examples of recessive 1 the long arm of chromosome 2, 168 centimorgans (cM) genes (Carson, 1995; Ogliari et al., 2005). The resistance from the centromere (Bentolila et al., 1991). The two domi- nant genes Ht2 and HtN, which are non-allelic and map Send correspondence to L.E.A.C. Av. Pádua Dias 11, Setor de Fitopatologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, 10 cM from each other, are located on the long arm of chro- Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. mosome 8 (Simcox and Bennetzen, 1993). Based upon re- E-mail: [email protected]. ciprocal translocation mapping studies, a recessive gene HtP and rt resistance genes in maize 631 appears to be located on the short arm of chromosome 1 L40htphtprtrt was developed in the southern sub-tropical re- near the centromere (Carson, 1995). However, until now gion of Brazil by self-pollinations and selections from a the chromosomal locations of the HtP and rt resistance synthetic produced by intercrosses between Brazilian com- genes mentioned above have not been determined. mercial hybrids. Analyses of near-isogenic lines (NIL) and of bulked DNA was extracted according to Hoisington et al. segregant samples (BSS) constitute two approaches com- (1994) and quantified by fluorimetry (DNA Quant200, monly used to identify molecular markers linked to genes Hoefer) and PCR amplifications of microsatellite loci were (Muehlbauer et al., 1988; Michelmore et al., 1991). In carried out using maize MapPairs primers (Research Ge- breeding programs, near-isogenic lines are easily obtained netics, USA). Reactions were carried out as described by by backcrossing when a specific gene is introgressed from a Ogliari et al. (2000). Amplified fragments were separated donor line into a recurrent line. Thus, near-isogenic lines in 3% (w/v) agarose gels containing ethidium bromide at a should be genetically identical over large portions of the concentration of 0.5 μgmL-1 of gel. Gels were run in 1X genome, except for the segment containing the introgressed TBE buffer (0.09 M tris-borate and 2.0 mM EDTA, pH 8.3) gene. Putative evidence of linkage between a marker and at 80V for 3 to 5 h. the target gene arises when the marker detects poly- Lines L10HtPHtP, L30HtPHtPRtRt, L30htphtpRtRt, morphisms between near-isogenic lines. On the other hand, L40htphtprtrt and the hybrid L30HtphtpRtRt were genotyped bulked segregant sample analysis involves comparisons be- with 125 microsatellite loci chosen to represent the 10 tween two-pooled DNA samples consisting of individual maize chromosomes. Markers that were monomorphic be- plants with extreme phenotypes identified in a segregating tween the donor parent (L10HtPHtP) and the resistant line population. Evidence of linkage between a marker and the (L30HtPHtPRtRt) but polymorphic between these two and target gene arises when the marker is polymorphic between the recurrent line (L30htphtpRtRt) were considered poten- bulks. Thus, both strategies can be used concomitantly to tially linked to the HtP locus. Such markers were further identify putative markers linked to resistance genes. How- analyzed by bulked segregant sample analysis using indi- ever, co-segregation analyses based on data from a segre- vidual plants from a segregating BC1F1 population of 138 gating population is always required in order to confirm plants from the backcross [(L30HtPHtPRtRt x L40htphtprtrt)x linkage and to estimate genetic distances. L40htphtprtrt] previously evaluated for resistance to race The objective of the work described in this paper was 123x of E. turcicum (Ogliari et al., 2005). Two DNA bulks to use near-isogenic lines and bulked segregant sample from 34 resistant and 32 susceptible plants were genotyped analyses to identify microsatellite (also called simple se- with the candidate markers identified in the near-isogenic quence repeats or SSRs) loci of known chromosomal loca- lines analysis. Linkage between HtP and markers that re- tions linked to the HtP and rt genes. Linkage was confirmed vealed polymorphisms between bulks was tested in a by co-segregation analyses between these genes and candi- co-segregation analysis as described below. Co-segregation between the rt gene and polymorphic date markers using susceptible individuals of a BC1F1 pop- HtPHtPRtRt microsatellite markers between L30HtpHtpRtRt and ulation. For this, the inbred resistant line L30 was htphtprtrt generated after six backcrossing cycles between the recur- L40 was also tested in the same BC1F1 population. rent L30htphtpRtRt susceptible line and the donor line Co-segregation analyses between polymorphic mark- HtPHtP L10 followed by two self-pollinations (BC6S2) that ers and the HtP and rt genes were carried out using the 32 brought the HtP locus to the homozygous state. The recur- plants from the susceptible bulk. Because HtP is dominant rent line was developed in central Brazil through self- and rt is recessive (Ogliari et al., 2005), the genotype of all HtPHtPRtRt pollinations and selections out of a synthetic composed of susceptible plants of the backcross [(L30 x htphtprtrt htphtprtrt dent endosperm lines from the International Maize and L40 ) x L40 ] should be htphtpRtrt. Thus, for Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). The heterozy- markers linked to HtP, the ratio between homozygotes and gous stock for HtP was obtained from the cross heterozygotes should differ by the chi-squared (χ2) test HtPHtPRtRt htphtpRtRt L30 x L30 . Finally, an F1 progeny from from the 1:1 ratio expected for non-linkage, that is, an ex- HtPHtPRtRt htphtprtrt the cross L30 x L40 andaBC1F1 popula- cess of homozygotes for marker genotypes should be de- tion from [(L30 HtPHtPRtRt x L40htphtprtrt) x L40htphtprtrt] tected
Load more

Recommended publications
  • In the Flora of South Florida
    . PlQt!JRe?\ATE Report T-558 Endemic Taxa,-inthe Flora of South Florida*' NATIONAL Y Everglades National Park, South Florida Research Center, P.O. Box 279, Homestead, Florida 33030 I, ,. ,. ,#< Endemic Taxa in the Flora of South Florida " - Report T-558 George N. Avery and Lloyd L. Loope . U.S. National Park Service ' South Florida Research Center Everglades National Park Homestead, Florida 33030 July 1980 . Avery, George N. and Lloyd L. Loope. 1980. ~ndemicTaxa in the Flora of South Florida. South Florida Research Center Report T-558. 39 pp. Endemic Taxa in the Flora of South Florida TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION . 1 LITERATURE ON SOUTH FLORIDA ENDEMICS . METHODS . rr , ANNOTATED LIST OF THE ENDEMIC SOUTH FLORIDA FLORA . DISCUSSION. I . \ '& ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................ LITERATURE CITED . 18 Table 1. Habitat and conservation status of endemic plant taxa of.SoutH Florida . .. 6. Table 2. Number of endemics found in selected vegetation categories . APPENDIX I - Annotated ,version of Robertson's (1955) list of South Florida endemics, showing .diff erences from our list . : Endemic Taxa in the Flora of South Florida George N. Avery and kloyd L. Loope , INTRODUCTION The island-like tropical area of South Florida possesses a very remarkable flora by North American standards, with a high percentage of species having tropical affinities and with fairly high local endemism. Hundreds of plant species known from the United States are found only in Florida south of Lake Okeechobee. Many of these species occur on various Caribbean islands and elsewhere in the Neotropics. This report treats those taxa endemic to South Florida, occurring in peninsular Florida southbf Lake Okeechobee and/or on the Florida Keys, and found nowhere else.
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary List of the Vascular Plants and Wildlife at the Village Of
    A Floristic Evaluation of the Natural Plant Communities and Grounds Occurring at The Key West Botanical Garden, Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida Steven W. Woodmansee [email protected] January 20, 2006 Submitted by The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, Florida 33170 George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to CarolAnn Sharkey Key West Botanical Garden 5210 College Road Key West, Florida 33040 and Kate Marks Heritage Preservation 1012 14th Street, NW, Suite 1200 Washington DC 20005 Introduction The Key West Botanical Garden (KWBG) is located at 5210 College Road on Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida. It is a 7.5 acre conservation area, owned by the City of Key West. The KWBG requested that The Institute for Regional Conservation (IRC) conduct a floristic evaluation of its natural areas and grounds and to provide recommendations. Study Design On August 9-10, 2005 an inventory of all vascular plants was conducted at the KWBG. All areas of the KWBG were visited, including the newly acquired property to the south. Special attention was paid toward the remnant natural habitats. A preliminary plant list was established. Plant taxonomy generally follows Wunderlin (1998) and Bailey et al. (1976). Results Five distinct habitats were recorded for the KWBG. Two of which are human altered and are artificial being classified as developed upland and modified wetland. In addition, three natural habitats are found at the KWBG. They are coastal berm (here termed buttonwood hammock), rockland hammock, and tidal swamp habitats. Developed and Modified Habitats Garden and Developed Upland Areas The developed upland portions include the maintained garden areas as well as the cleared parking areas, building edges, and paths.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Expression Types of Ht Genes Conferring Resistance in Maize to Exserohilum Turcicum
    fpls-11-607850 December 13, 2020 Time: 10:58 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 17 December 2020 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.607850 Diversity of Expression Types of Ht Genes Conferring Resistance in Maize to Exserohilum turcicum Barbara Ludwig Navarro1*, Hendrik Hanekamp2, Birger Koopmann1 and Andreas von Tiedemann1 1 Division of Plant Pathology and Crop Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 2 Plant Protection Office, Chamber of Agriculture Lower Saxony, Hannover, Germany Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) is an important leaf disease in maize (Zea mays) worldwide and is spreading into new areas with expanding maize cultivation, like Germany. Exserohilum turcicum, causal agent of NCLB, infects and colonizes leaf tissue and induces elongated necrotic lesions. Disease control is based on fungicide application and resistant cultivars displaying monogenic resistance. Symptom expression and resistance mechanisms differ in plants carrying different resistance genes. Therefore, histological studies and DNA quantification were performed to Edited by: Dilantha Fernando, compare the pathogenesis of E. turcicum races in maize lines exhibiting compatible or University of Manitoba, Canada incompatible interactions. Maize plants from the differential line B37 with and without Reviewed by: resistance genes Ht1, Ht2, Ht3, and Htn1 were inoculated with either incompatible Carl Alan Bradley, or compatible races (race 0, race 1 and race 23N) of E. turcicum. Leaf segments University of Kentucky, United States Sang-Wook Han, from healthy and inoculated plants were collected at five different stages of infection Chung-Ang University, South Korea and disease development from penetration (0–1 days post inoculation - dpi), until *Correspondence: full symptom expression (14–18 dpi).
    [Show full text]
  • EVALUATION and ENHANCEMENT of SEED LOT QUALITY in EASTERN GAMAGRASS [Tripsacum Dactyloides (L.) L.]
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2010 EVALUATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF SEED LOT QUALITY IN EASTERN GAMAGRASS [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] Cynthia Hensley Finneseth University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Finneseth, Cynthia Hensley, "EVALUATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF SEED LOT QUALITY IN EASTERN GAMAGRASS [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.]" (2010). University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations. 112. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/112 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Cynthia Hensley Finneseth The Graduate School University of Kentucky 2010 EVALUATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF SEED LOT QUALITY IN EASTERN GAMAGRASS [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] _________________________________ ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION _________________________________ A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Agriculture at the University of Kentucky By Cynthia Hensley Finneseth Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Robert Geneve, Professor of Horticulture Lexington, Kentucky 2010 Copyright © Cynthia Hensley Finneseth 2010 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION EVALUATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF SEED LOT QUALITY IN EASTERN GAMAGRASS [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] Eastern gamagrass [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] is a warm-season, perennial grass which is native to large areas across North America. Cultivars, selections and ecotypes suitable for erosion control, wildlife planting, ornamental, forage and biofuel applications are commercially available.
    [Show full text]
  • Selection and Breeding to Improve Commercial Germplasm and Increase Germination Percentage of Eastern Gamagrass [Tripsacum Dactyloides (L.) L.]
    Mississippi State University Scholars Junction Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2016 Selection and Breeding to Improve Commercial Germplasm and Increase Germination Percentage of Eastern Gamagrass [Tripsacum Dactyloides (L.) L.] Jesse Ira Morrison Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td Recommended Citation Morrison, Jesse Ira, "Selection and Breeding to Improve Commercial Germplasm and Increase Germination Percentage of Eastern Gamagrass [Tripsacum Dactyloides (L.) L.]" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 3894. https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/3894 This Dissertation - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Scholars Junction. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Junction. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Template B v3.0 (beta): Created by J. Nail 06/2015 Selection and breeding to improve commercial germplasm and increase germination percentage of eastern gamagrass [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] By TITLE PAGE Jesse Ira Morrison A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Mississippi State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant and Soil Sciences in the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State, Mississippi May 2016 Copyright by COPYRIGHT PAGE Jesse Ira Morrison 2016 Selection and breeding to improve commercial germplasm and increase germination percentage of eastern gamagrass [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] By APPROVAL PAGE Jesse Ira Morrison Approved: ____________________________________ Brian S. Baldwin (Major Professor) ____________________________________ Rocky W. Lemus (Minor Professor) ____________________________________ Paul D. Meints (Committee Member) ____________________________________ J. Mike Phillips (Committee Member and Department Head) ____________________________________ Timothy A.
    [Show full text]
  • Tripsacum De Novo Transcriptome Assemblies Reveal Parallel Gene Evolution with Maize After Ancient Polyploidy
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/267682; this version posted February 22, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Tripsacum de novo transcriptome assemblies reveal parallel gene evolution with maize 2 after ancient polyploidy 3 4 Gault, Christine M.*, Kremling, Karl A., Buckler, Edward S. 5 6 Christine M. Gault, Institute of Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, 7 NY 14853. Karl A. Kremling, Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, Cornell University, 526 8 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14853. Edward S. Buckler, USDA-ARS; 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, 9 NY, 14853. Received ___________. *Corresponding author ([email protected]). 10 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/267682; this version posted February 22, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which2 was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 11 Core ideas 12 • Maize genes with protein evidence have higher expression and GC content 13 • Tripsacum homologs of maize genes exhibit the same trends as in maize 14 • Maize proteome genes have more highly correlated gene expression with Tripsacum 15 • Expression dominance for homeologs occurs similarly between maize and Tripsacum 16 • A similar set of genes may be decaying into pseudogenes in maize and Tripsacum 17 18 Abstract 19 Plant genomes reduce in size following a whole genome duplication event, and one 20 gene in a duplicate gene pair can lose function in absence of selective pressure to maintain 21 duplicate gene copies.
    [Show full text]
  • New Resistance Genes in the Zea Mays - Exserohilum Turcicum Pathosystem*
    Genetics and Molecular Biology, 28, 3, 435-439 (2005) Copyright by the Brazilian Society of Genetics. Printed in Brazil www.sbg.org.br Research Article New resistance genes in the Zea mays - Exserohilum turcicum pathosystem* Juliana Bernardi Ogliari1, Marco Antônio Guimarães2, Isaías Olívio Geraldi3, and Luis Eduardo Aranha Camargo3 1Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Fitotecnia do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. 2Monsanto do Brasil Ltda, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. 3Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Abstract The use of monogenic race-specific resistance is widespread for the control of maize (Zea mays L.) helminthosporiosis caused by Exserohilum turcicum. Inoculation of 18 Brazilian isolates of E. turcicum onto elite maize lines containing previously identified resistance genes and onto differential near-isogenic lines allowed the identification of new qualitative resistance genes. The inoculation of one selected isolate on differential near-isogenic lines, F1 generations and a BC1F1 population from the referred elite lines enabled the characterization of the resistance spectrum of three new genes, one dominant (HtP), one recessive (rt) and a third with non-identified genetic action. Three physiological races of the pathogen were also identified including two with new virulence factors capable of overcoming the resistance of one of the resistance genes identified here (rt). Key words: Northern leaf blight, genetic inheritance, resistance genes, races, maize. Received: May 12, 2004; Accepted: April 18, 2005. Introduction dominant but there is one example of a recessive gene iden- Helminthosporiosis is one of the main leaf diseases of tified by Carson (1995) and Carson and Wicks (1993) in a maize and is caused by Exserohilum turcicum Leonard & maize synthetic.
    [Show full text]
  • Biology, Host Specificity and Impact of Ischnodemus Variegatus, an Herbivore of Hymenachne Amplexicaulis
    BIOLOGY, HOST SPECIFICITY AND IMPACT OF ISCHNODEMUS VARIEGATUS, AN HERBIVORE OF HYMENACHNE AMPLEXICAULIS By RODRIGO DIAZ A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2008 1 © 2008 Rodrigo Diaz 2 To Veronica Manrique, my best friend and companion 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I extend my deepest appreciation to Dr. Bill Overholt for his support and friendship. Dr. Overholt provided a constructive scientific environment for the development of my dissertation. His role as mentor has been paramount due the constant conversations and critical discussions about different subjects such as science, politics, religion, sports, economy and foreign affairs. I cannot ask for a more nutritious intellectual environment than Dr. Overholt’s friendship. I thank Drs. Jim P. Cuda, Paul Pratt and Alison Fox for providing useful insights in biological control and weed ecology. Don Schmitz from Florida Department of Environmental Protection facilitated the funding for my research assistantship at the University of Florida. Catherine Corbet from the Charlotte Harbor Estuary program provided funding for several field experiments. I greatly appreciate their support. I am also grateful to Dr. Overholt’s lab members for their continuous support and friendship. I thank Diana Cordeau, Yordana Valenzuela, Eric Morgan, Brianne Schobert, Freddy Soza, Douglas Gonzalez, Veronica Manrique, Jackie Markle, Brittany Evans, Ana Samayoa, Fabian Diaz and Larry Markle. Paul Benshoff and Diana Donaghy from Myakka River State Park provided support and ideas during the development of this project. I thank also the members of the volunteer program from the Myakka River State Park.
    [Show full text]
  • ISB: Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
    NOTES ON FLORIDA’S ENDANGERED AND THREATENED PLANTS1 Nancy C. Coile2 updated by Mark A. Garland3 The following tables were compiled to Descriptions of these rare species Distribution maps (Wunderlin and Craddock Burks, Department of provide a convenient source of are often difficult to locate. Florida Hansen, 2000) are available over the Environmental Protection; Donald descriptions and other information on does not have a single manual Internet from the University of South Drapalik, Georgia Southern the endangered, threatened and covering the flora of the entire state. Florida Herbarium University, angle-pods; John D. commercially exploited plant species Long and Lakela’s manual (1971) http://www.plantatlas.usf.edu Tobe, Department of Environmental on Florida’s “Regulated Plant Index.” focuses on the area south of Glades These maps were invaluable for Protection, magnolias; Robert R. County; Clewell (1985) is a guide for determining county distributions as Haynes, University of Alabama, The Regulated Plant Index is based the Panhandle; and Wunderlin (1998) was information from the Florida slender naiad. on information provided by the is a guide for the entire state of Natural Areas Inventory. Endangered Plant Advisory Council Florida but lacks descriptions. Small Update: This PDF version of the (EPAC), a group of seven individuals (1933) is an excellent resource, but Many thanks are given to: Penny L. publication incorporates the changes who represent academic, industry, and must be used with great care since the McCurry for help with publishing in the endangered species list since environmental interests (Dr. Loran C. nomenclature is outdated and matters; Sharon E. Gatlin for help the 3rd edition in 2000.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Physiological Races of Exserohilum Turcicum Isolates from Maize in Argentina and Brazil
    Tropical Plant Pathology https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-020-00417-x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Assessment of physiological races of Exserohilum turcicum isolates from maize in Argentina and Brazil Barbara Ludwig Navarro1 & Lucia Ramos Romero1,2 & María Belén Kistner3,4 & Juliana Iglesias3,5 & Andreas von Tiedemann1 Received: 21 September 2020 /Accepted: 26 December 2020 # The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) is one of the most important diseases in maize worldwide. It is caused by the fungus Exserohilum turcicum, which exhibits a high genetic variability for virulence, and hence physiological races have been reported. Disease control is based mainly on fungicide application and host resistance. Qualitative resistance has been widely used to control NCLB through the deployment of Ht genes. Known pathogen races are designated according to their virulence to the corresponding Ht gene. Knowledge about of E. turcicum race distribution in maize-producing areas is essential to develop and exploit resistant genotypes. Maize leaves showing distinct elliptical grey-green lesions were collected from maize-producing areas of Argentina and Brazil, and 184 monosporic E. turcicum isolates were obtained. A total of 66 isolates were collected from Argentina during 2015, 2018 and 2019, while 118 isolates from Brazil were collected during 2017, 2018 and 2019. All isolates were screened on maize differential lines containing Ht1, Ht2, Ht3 and Htn1 resistance genes. In greenhouse experiments, inoculated maize plants were evaluated at 14 days after inoculation. Resistance reaction was characterized by chlorosis, and susceptibility was defined by necrosis in the absence of chlorosis. The most frequent race was 0 in both Argentina (83%) and Brazil (65%).
    [Show full text]
  • Microstegium Vimineum)
    BIOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL CONTROL OF JAPANESE STILTGRASS (MICROSTEGIUM VIMINEUM) by Samantha Nestory A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology Summer 2016 © 2016 Samantha Nestory All Rights Reserved ProQuest Number: 10190879 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ProQuest 10190879 Published by ProQuest LLC ( 2016 ). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 BIOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL CONTROL OF JAPANESE STILTGRASS (MICROSTEGIUM VIMINEUM) by Samantha Nestory Approved: __________________________________________________________ Judith Hough-Goldstein, Ph.D. Professor in charge of thesis on behalf of the Advisory Committee Approved: __________________________________________________________ Jacob Bowman, Ph.D. Chair of the Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology Approved: __________________________________________________________ Mark Rieger, Ph.D. Dean of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources Approved:
    [Show full text]
  • Turcicum Leaf Blight: a Ubiquitous Foliar Disease of Maize (Zea Mays L.)
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(3): 825-831 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 3 (2017) pp. 825-831 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Review Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.603.097 Turcicum Leaf Blight: A Ubiquitous Foliar Disease of Maize (Zea mays L.) Dan Singh Jakhar*, Rajesh Singh, Saket Kumar, Pargat Singh and Vivek Ojha Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi – 221005, UP, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) or Northern Corn Leaf Blight (NCLB) is a ubiquitous foliar K e yw or ds disease of corn (maize) caused by Exserohilum turcicum, the anamorph of the ascomycete Turcicum Leaf Setosphaeria. The TLB fungus survives through the winter on infected maize residue at the blight, Exserohilum soil surface. As temperatures rise in the spring and early summer, the fungus produces turcicum, Foliar spores on residue, and then the spores are splashed or wind-blown onto leaves of the new Disease, Maize. maize crop. Infection occurs during periods of moderate (64° to 81°F), wet and humid Article Info weather. The disease begins as long, slender, grayish or tan leaf lesions that run parallel to the mid vein. Lesions can eventually expand to a more oblong or “cigar” shape. Lesions Accepted: may also form on husks. Loss of photosynthetic tissue can result in decreased yield, and 15 February 2017 silage quality can be affected. Effective management practices that reduce the impact of Available Online: TLB include selecting resistant cultivars, reducing maize residue, timely planting and 10 March 2017 applying foliar fungicides.
    [Show full text]