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Study for the Condition of Potentials for Development of Tourism in the East Planning Region

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Study for the Condition of Potentials for Development of Tourism in the East Planning Region STUDY FOR THE CONDITION OF POTENTIALS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN THE EAST PLANNING REGION EAST REGION Centre for Development of the East Planning Region The Study for the condition of potentials for development of tourism in the East Planning Region is prepared within the Nature Conservation Programme in Macedonia (NCP) - a project of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), coordinated by Helvetas Swiss Intercooperation and Farmahem. The Centre for development of the East Planning Region is a strategic partner of the Programme. Prepared by: Team of Authors: Ivica Milevski, PhD - Team Coordinator, Tourism and Natural Heritage Expert Zoran Tuntev, PhD - Tourism Expert Irena Ruzin, PhD – Tourism and Cultural Heritage Expert Violeta Jankova – Rural Tourism Expert Jane Vrteski – Strategic and Action Planning Expert and Project Cycle Management Expert Zvonko Naumoski – Strategic Planning and Rural Development Expert Translated by: Stefanka Blazheva - Sworn Translator Proofreading: Irena Ignjatovska CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES ................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Goals of the Study ......................................................................................................... 1 1.3. Methodology .................................................................................................................. 2 2. TOURIST-GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND CONNECTION OF EPR .............................. 4 2.1. Geographic position ...................................................................................................... 4 2.2. Tourist position ............................................................................................................. 7 3. PRESENT SURVEYS, STUDIES AND STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN THE AREA OF EPR ................................................................................................................ 8 4. FACTORS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN EPR .................................................... 9 4.1. Natural tourist attractiveness in EPR ......................................................................... 9 4.1.1. Geological attractiveness ..........................................................................................9 4.1.2. Relief attractiveness ................................................................................................ 11 4.2.2. Climate attractiveness ............................................................................................ 31 4.2.3. Hydrographic attractiveness .................................................................................. 33 4.2.4. Flora and fauna as factors for development of tourism in EPR ........................ 42 Vegetation .......................................................................................................................... 43 Flora .................................................................................................................................... 43 Fauna .................................................................................................................................. 46 4.2.5. Valorization of natural values ................................................................................ 48 4.3. Demographic and socioeconomic factors ............................................................... 53 4.4. SETTLEMENTS IN EPR AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS ............................................. 62 4.4.1. Types of rural settlements and their functions in tourism ................................ 62 4.4.2. Handicraft ................................................................................................................ 63 4.5. Cultural-historical and archeological heritage ....................................................... 66 4.5.1. Archeological localities ........................................................................................... 66 4.5.2. Urban and rural architecture in EPR ..................................................................... 74 4.5.3. Museums and memorial houses .......................................................................... 76 4.5.4. Cultural and historical landmarks ......................................................................... 80 4.5.5. Events ....................................................................................................................... 84 4.5.6. Churches and monasteries .................................................................................... 93 4.5.7. Islamic architecture .............................................................................................. 103 4.5.8. Macedonian folk dances in EPR .......................................................................... 105 4.5.10. Tourist valorization of cultural values in EPR. ................................................. 106 4.6. Gastronomy ............................................................................................................... 110 4.7. General review of the valorized attractiveness in EPR ........................................ 112 5. TYPES OF TOURISM ACCORDING TO THE POTENTIALS OF EPR .............................. 113 5.1. Rural tourism ............................................................................................................. 113 5.2. Mountain tourism ..................................................................................................... 116 5.3. Tracking ...................................................................................................................... 116 5.4. Mountaineering ......................................................................................................... 119 5.5. Winter (winter-sports) tourism ............................................................................... 120 5.6. Cultural-historical heritage tourism (cultural tourism) ....................................... 121 5.7. Monastery and religious tourism ........................................................................... 122 5.8. Manifestation tourism.............................................................................................. 123 5.9. Bath–wellness spa tourism ...................................................................................... 125 5.10. Jeep safari, safari, off-road, moto tourism .......................................................... 126 5.11. Mountain biking ...................................................................................................... 127 5.12. Geotourism .............................................................................................................. 128 5.13. Lake tourism ............................................................................................................ 129 5.14. Summer bathing tourism and water activities ................................................... 130 5.15. Hunting tourism ...................................................................................................... 131 5.16. Fishing tourism ........................................................................................................ 132 5.17. Gastronomic tourism ............................................................................................. 132 5.18. Shopping tourism .................................................................................................... 134 5.19. Paragliding ............................................................................................................... 134 5.20. Adrenalin parks ....................................................................................................... 135 5.21. Zip-lines .................................................................................................................... 136 5.22. Aerotourism and gliding ........................................................................................ 137 5.23. Mountaineering ....................................................................................................... 138 5.24. Other tourist activities ........................................................................................... 138 6. EXISTING TOURIST LOCALITIES AND AREAS ............................................................ 140 7. ANALYSES OF THE CURRENT CONDITIONS OF TOURISM IN EPR AND THE PRESENT DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................................................ 142 7.1. Development of tourism on the area of EPR until 1945 ...................................... 142 7.2. Development of tourism on the area of EPR from 1945 until 1991 ................... 142 7.3. Development of tourism after 1991 (in independent Macedonia) .................... 143 7.4. Modern condition of tourism EPR .......................................................................... 143 8. TOURISM AND PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT IN EPR ........................................ 149 8.1. Sustainable tourism in EPR ...................................................................................... 149 8.2. Tourist capacities of EPR .......................................................................................... 151 8.2.1. Limit of tolerance of the capacity of tourist localities ......................................
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