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The Victorian Naturalist The Victorian Naturalist Volume 119(1) February 2002 Published by The Field Naturalists Club of Victoria since 1884 : From the Editors Some changes have been made to the Guidelines for Authors that appear at the end of this issue. Authors are asked to carefully read the guidelines and consult the most recent issue of the journal when preparing a manuscript for publication. The Victorian Naturalist would not be successful without the enormous amount of time and effort given voluntarily by a large number of people who work behind the scenes. One of the most important editorial tasks is to have papers refereed. The Editors would like to say thank you to those people who refereed manuscripts during 2001 Robyn Adams Tom Darragh Richard Hobbs Noel Schleiger David Ashton Xenia Dennett Sheila Houghton John Seebeck Ken Bell Joan Dixon Laurie Laurenson Melody Serena Andrew Bennett Kelvyn Dunn Richard Loyn Rick Shine David Branagan Clem Earp Brian Malone Letitia Sifberbauer David Britton Ian Endersby Peter Menkhorst Dianne Simmons Barry Butcher Anthea Fleming John Neil Ian Smales Malcolm Calder Maria Gibson Tim New David Taylor Malcolm Carkeek Ken Green John Peter Robert Wallis Rohan Clarke Clarrie Handreck Julie Phillips Anne Warren Helen Cohn John Hawking Pauline Reilly Stephen Wroe The Victorian Naturalist publishes articles for a wide and varied audience. We have a team of dedicated proof-readers who help with the readability and expression of our arti- cles. We would especially like to acknowledge Virgil Hubregtse and Michael McBain who proofread all of the manuscripts for our two McCoy special issues. For proof-read- ing of the other issues, thanks to: Tania Bennell Murray Haby Tom May Ian Endersby Virgil Hubregtse Geoffrey Paterson Jennie Epstein Genevieve Jones Gretna Weste Maria Gibson Michael McBain Sincere thanks to our book reviewers for 2001 who provided interesting and insightful comments on a wide range of books and other materials: Rod Barker Ron Fletcher Martin O'Brien Ken Bell Maria Gibson Bernadette Sinclair Joan Broadberry Pat Grey Deirdre Slatlery Nick Clemann Anne Morton As always we particularly thank our authors who provide us with excellent material for publication. Our editorial advisory team continues to provide valuable advice and assistance: Ian Endersby, Ian Mansergh, Tom May and John Seebeck. On the production side, thank you to: Michael McBain, who has just retired from maintaining our internet site, Ken Bell, who prepares the annual index, Karen Dobson for printing the mailing labels, Dorothy Mahler for administrative assistance, and Printers, Brown Prior Anderson Pty Ltd, especially Steve Kitto. T Victorian Naturalist Volume 119(1)2002 February Executive Editor: Meriiyn Grey Editors: Alistair Evans and Anne Morton Research Reports The Fish of Kororoit Creek - Stressed Relicts and City Slickers, by Paul G Close 4 The Mammal Fauna of Remnant Native Grasslands of the Western Basalt Plains and Northern Plains of Victoria, bv Susan A Hadden 14 How Do Nectar Foraging Butterflies Select Flowers? bv Melissa B Nunn .21 Contributions Hooded Plover Thinornis rubricollis Chick Attacked by Conspeciflcs, by V Teoh and MA Weston 27 Invertebrates of Mount McKay - a Brief Survey, by EJ Grey 29 Naturalist in the The Biodiversity Blitz, by Ken Green 36 Mountains Honours Australian Natural History Medallion 200 - Alan Bridson Cribb, by Ian Endersby. .38 Tributes Graham Martin Pizzey, by Sheila Houghton .39 Book Reviews Wyperfeld: Australia's First Mallee National Park, by GeoffDurham, reviewed by Sara Maroske 40 How to Identify Wildflowers of the Grampians, by Ken Woodcock, reviewed by Margaret Corrick 44 New Guidelines for Authors at the end of this issue ISSN 0042-5184 Cover: Dr Alan Cribb, the 2001 Australian Natural History Medallion recipient, with his wife Dr Joan Cribb, (ANH Medallion recipient in 1994). Photo: Wendy Clark. Empathy Photographies. Web address: http://www.vicnet.net.au/~tnev/ email: fn c v (a v i c n c t . n e t . a u Research Reports The Fish of Kororoit Creek - Stressed Relicts and City Slickers Paul G Close 1 Abstract Kororoit Creek is a metropolitan watershed in which human disturbances may have reduced the health of aquatic fauna populations. Identifying changes in the distribution, diversity and abundance of aquatic fauna is hindered by a paucity of biological information, especially with regard to fish. Intensive surveys conducted during January 2000 quantified the species richness and abundance of fish and decapod Crustacea at six sites in Kororoit Creek. A total of nine freshwater and one estuar- ine fish species was collected, of which five were native species representing approximately 50% of the native taxa expected to occur in the catchment. The relative abundance of exotic species tended to be high in the lower catchment and very low in the mid- to upper catchment. This study identifies a number of anthropogenic factors affecting aquatic fauna populations in Kororoit Creek. {The Victorian Naturalist 119(1), 2002, 4-13) Introduction With increasing urbanisation and indus- streams in the Melbourne area and identify trialisation, there is increasing pressure on priority management areas, Melbourne the ecological integrity or 'health' of Water Corporation has established a aquatic ecosystems (e.g. Klein 1979; stream health assessment program includ- Growns et at. 1998; Sonneman et al, 2001; ing ongoing monitoring programs such as Walsh et al 2001). Until recently, few the Melbourne Water Water Quality investigations into the ecology of urban Monitoring Network, Biological watersheds and their aquatic fauna have Monitoring Program and the Tributary been reported, making assessment of Investigation Program. These Programs human disturbances on these environments combine a range of stream health indica- difficult. In particular, there is little infor- tors (e.g. fish and macroinvertebrate mation regarding the diversity, abundance assemblages and water quality) at various and distribution of fish species in urban temporal and spatial scales. In 1999, systems. Furthermore, historical fish data Melbourne Water commissioned the are often compromised by survey method- Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental ology and design. For example, whilst the Research to assess the current state of fish health of Kororoit Creek has been assemblages in Kororoit Creek as part of described based on macro in vertebrate pop- the Tributary Investigation Program. ulations (Papas et al. 2000) and physical This paper reports the species richness, and chemical characteristics such as abundance and distribution of fish and instream and riparian habitat and water decapod Crustacea in Kororoit Creek and quality (Mitchell 1990; Melbourne Water identifies anthropogenic disturbances 1997), previous studies of fish in the catch- potentially impacting on the integrity of ment are limited by age (McKenzie and aquatic fauna populations. This provides O'Connor 1989) and geographical extent valuable base-line information with which (McGuckin 1999; DNRE 2000). future monitoring events may be compared. Nevertheless, there is increasing recogni- Methods tion of the intrinsic value of urban streams Study area and their associated flora and fauna. Basic Kororoit Creek catchment covers an area biological data, such as species richness, of approximately 250 : (Fig. Stream abundance and distribution can provide km 1). flow is intermittent, with zero discharge important information for the conservation occasionally recorded at the hydrographic of values such as biological diversity, station near Deer Park (station number research and education, and aesthetics. In 5509) (McGuckin 1999). Although stream an attempt to determine the health of flow is intermittent and ephemeral in the upper reaches, Kororoit Creek is dominat- 1 Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, ed by long and relatively deep pools, PO Box 137, I leidelberg, Victoria 3084 which may provide refugia for aquatic The Victorian Naturalist Research Reports A V) u \ \ £ • Sunbury N w kr • Diggers Rest HSite 5 k^~ VICTORIA S. Site 4 ( / Fish Survey Site • Suburb Melton East ^ ^^7 • St Albans ^ [ Site 3 Deer Pirk • ^ . • Sunshine S m Brooklyn SCALE Site 2 A 2 4 KILOMETRES L Sue 1 Altona %y V-v_^v ^-"" *• Altona Bay Fig. 1. Location of sites in Kororoit Creek where aquatic fauna surveys were undertaken, fauna during periods of low flow if Kororoit Creek is approximately 80 km in instream habitat becomes discontinuous. length and flows in a south-easterly direc- The catchment relief is relatively low, with tion through rural farmlands in the head- the headwaters rising just south of waters and mid-catchment and Gisborne at an altitude of approximately urban/industrial areas in the mid-catch- 460 m above sea level (m ASL) in basalt ment and coastal lowlands. Kororoit Creek country of the Great Dividing Range. flows into Port Phillip Bay near Altona. Vol. 119(1)2002 Research Reports Quantification of site attributes quantity of cat food was placed in each Five study reaches vvere selected along bait trap to attract fish. The wetted time the length of Kororoit Creek (Fig. 1 ), based (fishing lime) for each net was recorded. primarily on altitude and distance to river Site 2 and the riffle habitat at site 3 were mouth. Within each study reach, a single surveyed using a two-pass bank-mounted survey site was established to represent the (Smith-Root® 7.5GPP electrofishing unit) available aquatic habitat attributes, includ- electrofishing technique with fine mesh ing flow type and cover elements. At site 3, nets blocking the downstream and an additional survey reach was established upstream margins of the survey reach. to include a reach of riffle habitat. Voltage settings ranged from 170 to 340 V Although riffle habitat is scarce in the mid- to produce approximately 10 amps. For reaches of Kororoit Creek, riffles often sup- these sites, the length of the survey reach port different assemblages of fish species (m) and the electrofishing time (min; total (see Matthews 1998 for a recent review). time during which electrical current is For each survey reach, the mean width applied to the water) taken lo complete and mean maximum depth (m) was calcu- each pass were recorded.
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