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dian had been in his family for quite a some eighteen years ago, and said in- Twenty-first Anniversary number of years; that he was a self sup part: —AND— porting Christian gentl*-man,and he com­ It is not many years ago that our fore­ mended him to my good graces for a visit fathers were always in war with the white- Twelftli Graduating Exercises. to this Carlisle School. I talked with the boy a little while and found that this was my Apache boy of eighteen or nine­ teen years before. He is here tonight. He GAIN the crowning week of the tered a large class of girls in graceful gym­ represents the true Carlisle idea, that is, school year has come and tr^ne for nastic costumes of dark blue with white thatenvironment and opportunity does it A us, and the graduates of 1900 have neckties, who went through a series of If he don’t tell you the part of his story I stepped down from the Commencement free movements in perfect unison with the want him to, I will tell you after he gots stage It was a week crowded with eager piano, and were received with enthusias­ through. Richard Heyl He takes the interest. First among the Commence­ tic applause. The boys followed with the family name. It was Colonel Heyl, of m ent events was the lecture on Tuesday wand drill, after which girls and boys al­ the Insprctor General’s Department, now evening by Dr. Melaucthon Woohev ternating swung the Indian clubs with dead, who captured the boy, who still •Stryker, President of Hamilton C< ILge, intricate -crossing motion in perfect time. The girls marched out, and the young men went through the more difficult work with dumbbells. The finale was au exciting and hard fought game of basket ball. The usual informal meeting on Wednes­ day evening was announced as “a sort of Methodist class meeting. There is no programme; we let the meeting w7ork it­ self out in its own way.” After music by the Band and several General John Eaton, songs, Major Pralt said: Ex-Commissioner of Education. There has never been a Commencement man, when they fought with weapons, at this Indian School that I have not bows and arrows, and were defeated in been able to present a new argument in every battle; were driven back from east to west, and if it was not for the Rocky Mountains and the great Pacific Ocean

D r M. W oolsey Stryker, H on. W illiam A. Jones, President of Hamilton College. Commissioner of Indian Affairs. whose rich voice and finished oratory de­ lives with Color el Heyi’s sister in Cam­ den, New Jersey. lighted a large audience of students and guests. Dr. Striker's subject was the Mr. Heyl was introduced and gave a character of Lincoln, “the gieatest man brief sketch of his capture and early ex­ of the century and the greatest American periences, to which Major Pratt put the following conclusion: save one.” He prefaced his lecture with words of sympathy for the red man, and I will take it up there. Senator Sewall’s % an eloquent tribute to the old chief Schan- note informed me that this young man, andore, “ the aged hemlock,” the unswerv- after going through the public schools,

H on. James S. Sherman, N ew York. Chairman House Indian Committee. favor of the Carlisle idea. This Com­ mencement will be no exception. Within Dr Merrill E. Gates, a few months after we began here at Car- Secretary Board of Indian Commissioners li-le I received a letter from an old army the white man would be driving us yet comrade of mine. He had recently been today. The war between the red man promoted to the Inspector General’s De­ and the white man has not ceased yet, partment. We had served together out and we must win a victory, but we are in Western Texas and Indian Territory, not fighting with weapons any more; the and he had afterwards gone out into Ari­ old method of fighting is dead. What are zona. He told me that in one engagement we fighting with then? We are fighting there he had captured a young Apache with wisdom, with knowledge. To do child; that he had sent it east—a boy, to this you must have education. Now as I live with his own family in Camden, New told 3 on, you must prepare yourselves for Jersey. The boy had been there some the battle. You have the chances now to years; had been attending the public get education ; if you don’t get education schools, but knowing that there was an now that is your fault, only yours. Senator J. W. Thurston, N ebraska, Indian'School established so near he de­ Miss E stelle Reel, Education is something that, you must Chairman Senate Indian Committee. cided that was the place for his Indian Superintendent U. S. Indian Schools, have. Education is what you need. E d ­ boy. I knew him we'l and I wrote to ucation is something that you never can ing friend of the whites, whose mortal re­ was, at his instance, placed in the m a­ him. I said, “Your Indian is a great chine shops of the Pennsylvania Railroad lose again, once you have it. If you don’t mains lie beside those of his “white deal better off where he is than he would in Camden, New Jersey, as an apprentice; get it vou are simply the loser I had ti e brother” on a green hillside near H am il­ be here. I propose to put every Indian I privilege once, but I was young an i fool­ ton College. he served his time and for nine years past can get hold of out into the public schools, he has been at work in the same shop, ish, like a good many, and I thought there The programme for Wednesday after­ for I believe that the public schools can was no place like home. I returned home noon included an

TO THE AMERICAN INDIAN. the day is coming, we may hope, when if nothing had hindered its journey, so it signboards and what great object lessons education and training the younger gene­ is with those who have been successful. we ought to be! ration will be the road to freedom from SUGGESTED BY COMMENCEMENT AT CARLISLE. People who seek for pleasure only, are, If every one of us could but realize the this slavery for my race; and they will like the sunken rivers, soon lost from great responsibility that rests upon us, we Y BROTHER, with the pierciDg eyes. gladly and cheerfully follow the white sight. The swarthy cheek, the distant mien, would work continually toward the stand­ In whose impassive port is seen man’s trail to the doorway of peace and These two views of life show us that, in ard which our dear friend and schoolfather The habit of free centuries; happiness through civilization and citi­ order to succeed, we must be prepared to Major Pratt, daily points out to us. Stu­ The dignity that scorns surprise,— zenship—the doorway to freedom, out in­ meet the dangers that lie before us. Hillis dents of Carlisle, must we let the efforts Brave without hope, and proud, I ween. to a higher liberty in equal rank with the says, “ Man is a pilgrim, and conscience is Only of something that has been, put forth in our behalf be in vain? No! And in the dead past buried lies,— best people of the world. Then the red the guide, leading him saftly through for­ We must respond to the call of duty. Look up—with happier courage face men that are violating the laws of the ests aud thickets, restraining from the Oh! that, the time may hasten when we This modern strife; accept the plan Government and disturbing the peace, paths of wrong, pointing out the ways of shall be as one with every civilized people. Of a strange world no longer young. bringing trouble to the community, will right.” The future beckons to your race; Then the Indian can join the whole world You. the self-centred, silent man, be no more slaves to appetite, but true in saying, ‘ The Lord hath done great Shall yet gain friends, and find a tongue! free American citizens. VOICES CALLING. things for us, whereof we are glad ” E l a in e G o o d a l e E a stm a n . in New England Magazine. WHICH DOORWAY SHALL WE By Frances H arris, Sac & Fox. ENTER? NEEDS OF OUR INDIAN YOUTHS, ©ftc ©rafcnati«0 ©ration# Many years ago, an Indian youth sat By Artie E. Miller, Stockbridge. B y Susie Y ufe, Shoshone. idly in his bark canoe, seemingly content The one thing most needed to elevate SLAVERY AMONG THE INDIANS. The doorway of life means the whole to drift along with the current. Sudden­ future that lies before each boy and girl the Indians, to bring them to the stand­ By Wesson Murdock, Assinaboine. ly a voice far ahead called to him; he of every race. If they wish success, they ard of other men, is to place them where listened aud began rowing with more Many years ago, human slavery existed will have to fight for it. We are reading they can associate with educated people. among the Iudiaus of tne plains, worse daily of boy? and girls who are leaving speed up the river, from whence the call Yet, how is this to be accomplished if in form than that exercised by the white home to seek their fortune and if success­ came. As he neared the place, he shout­ they as a race continue to keep man over the negroes; for in most cases, ful, they are proud to say, “ I have la­ ed, “ Who calls? Who calls?” but the away from the pure, uplifting atmos­ the captives were compelled to undergo phere of American civilization, and to bored and I have found it,” for the Bible voice was farther o n ; he followed and fol­ tortures, and even crueldtath. To day the says, “ Seek and ye shall find.” This undervalue the education that is offered lowed,but failed to find the one who called heartsof the nations are rejoicing b cause door-way will not open so easily as the them ? slavery is almost extinct upon the earth. door of our own houses, but when it does, him. The story though beautiful had But we, the younger members of the But there is another foi m of slavery ex­ it means hard work, a hard fight and per­ a tragic ending, for the boy’s friends nevs race, who have bad the opportunity of re­ isting among the Indians or the present haps utter failure. er heard of him again. The river has ceiving an education at the expense of age, and that is slavery to their appetites. Of the many men in our country who since been named “ Qu’Appelle” which the Government, can see what a vast In former times thtse people knew noth­ have succeeded, Washington, Lincoln, means “Whocalls?” amount of good is being done for the once ing of strong drink, but since the intro­ Garfield, Grant and Moody stand among There are voices that call to people of savage man of the forest. Establishing duction of that bill, which gives the In­ the first. We are told in history, that every nation; the Indian is being called schools away from the reservation, dians the rights of citizenship, tbtre has Washington through patience, honesty by voices that have not ceased to per­ where they can learn the customs of the been more drinking of this poison among and labor conquered and made his name suade him; voices that have been calling surrounding people, will teach them to the Indians than ever before. Why is it known throughout the world as an hon­ him ever since civilized people first came choose the best methods for developing so? Because tne Indians think that this est and a great man and as the “Father of to America. Yet does he listen to these their womanhood and manhood. is one of the badges of freedom and civil­ his Country” Now who can show us a pleading voices that urge him to a better So important is a man to the rest of the ization and therefore they are at liberty better example then he? Lincoln will condition in life? world, that the ancients had a to drink all that they can obtain. come to our minds, but not to set a better The earnest voice of Christianity first, proverb. “ One man, no man,” meaning At the time of the war of the rebellion, example only in hard labor. Lincoln appeals to him. She calls “ Indians,come, thereby that one’s manhood would be the Osages alone as a tribe numbered 3000 worked his way upward and made him­ be under that influence which lam wait­ impossible wirhout his fellowship with persons. But since the king of intemper­ self famous by freeing the slaves of this ing to cast around you ; leave! leave the other men. Has not this been the case ance has captured these people and put country, also by his grand work as presi degradation of superstition and savagery; with every nation ? Yes, it is just as true them under his yoke, their numbers have dent of the United States. Mr. Moody’s leave them I entreat you, and grasp those with nations as with men. Let us, who rapidly decreased until not one half of greatest aim was to win many souls to higher ideas of purer and nobler life.” at present are being educated, not hesi­ them is living to-day. W‘hat is the Christ, which he did successfully, by liv The Indian, as he listens, seems to find tate to grasp the situation as did the An­ cause of this down fall of these Indians? ing the doctrines of his teaching. We a soothing calm in lis soul, and he re­ glo Saxons in earlier times After we The white man taught him the use of fire­ have no Mr. Moi dy now, but we do have alizes that he, too, can become a follower have reached such a stage of develop­ arms; to walk behind the plow, and last­ the influences that he has left us and receive the true light of salvation. ment, then will we be able to bear upon ly his language. But did he teach him As there is more than one doorway, we As Christianity has claimed the Indian, our shoulders the duties aud responsibili­ anything else? Yes, besides teaching should be prepared to meet not ouly that so^are there other voices who challenge ties of citizenship of this great republic him the arts of peace and the ways of which is right, but also be ready to oppose his attention. Doty calls him, she does over which the stars and stripes float. Until recent years, the white man and living, he taugnt him the use of fire that which will degrade us We have not plead with him but commands, for Indian have been enemies, and even now, water, that leads him into the degrada many examples of those who have failed, now is the time when he must obey in some parts of the country, we find those tion in which he is to-day. and whose fault is it that they are fail­ “Indian! be as thy white brother; enter who do not trust us nor have they much Not only this tribe alone, but our ures? They did not work hard enough, their schools, learn their arts and trades love for our rme. Every session of Con­ memory recalls the condition of the In­ and when the struggles came, they did and take up the plow, the tools of the gress, when toe appropriation bill for the dians in other paits of the United States not fight as they should. shop! perform all their duties which Indian work is discussed, some member on such reservations as the Chippewas, We all remember the story of Judas, they have accomplished and which make the Omahas, the Winnebagoes and Sioux. declares it is a wicked waste of money to and it was nothing but selfishness that civilization a blessing to mankind.” The These are the Indians that are day by day maintain such schools. Are we not thank­ caused his destruction. This account of Indian bends his head in deep meditation, lending thtrnselves as slaves in the mar­ ful that all the lawmakers are not of this Judas, brings to our minds the story of and his thoughts are these, “ Why cannot ket places of the liquor dealers. opinion, and that the Government has Benedict Arnold, a traitor to his country. I be as my white brother and accept of established schools for the purpose of And what will be the result of such life From his life we learn that, if we wish these things offered to improve my peo­ making men and women of us, who are of slavery to appetite? It means sure success, we must be faithful citizens. ple?” While he ponders, the voice seems anxious to do our part in the world’s downfall, ruin of body and soul. It means There are oi hers who are not recorded nearer. At last he raises his head; his work? Is not this a war, by a people, for for the red man to remain ignorant in his in history and these are the drunkards, face beams with eagerness and intelli­ freedom, education and citizenship? Does prison pen, the reservation, and lastly it many of whose worthless lives were caused gence, for he is resolved to accept the of­ means no hope ol the red m an’s ever ris­ by entering degrading places. In the fer. Do you believe that these voices it not recall to your minds the long strug­ ing to independent and self-supporting present age, to prosper in business, we have failed to reach the Indian ? gle between the North and the South, manhood. These are the results of giving need a good education and that should be We hear people say “The Indian can when they met upon the field of Gettys­ way to appetite. The Indians must re­ our greatest aim. Although men of form­ never be educated.” W hat a great mis. burg and decided that freedom should main ignorant, degraded and worthless. er generations had not the opportunities take! Are we always to be held down by forever be the watchword of our country ? To-day our great ana good Government that we have today, they obtained their that sentence so often repeated? Listen Since the war, remnants of the two is trying a remedy by which it has hoped education, through hard labor, and ac­ to voices from freedom! “ Indians,are you armies have met on that battlefield, for to cure the drink habit of the red man. complished great deeds. struggling with these battles of life? It friendly intercourse on many occasions. That remedy is a law strictly prohib­ This doorway of life reminds us of the is your duty to conquer them; but first, This old fort was formerly occupied by iting the giving or selling of spirits to the story of a little rivulet bubbling from be­ cast aside the greatest of hindrances, the soldiers who were trained to fight the Indians, and now you are gathered here Indians. But the remedy has not been neath a huge mountain. As this little chains of the reservation, which bind you to witu^ss the triumphs which we have enforced with proper care, and therefore stream journeys on its way to the broad down as slaves. Break them! Break the gained in fighting the battle of civiliza­ the white man helps the red man to obtain ocean, there are other streams that join it rusty links and escape! Oh! Indians.be tion. Truly the “swords have been the poison that destroys the physical in its course, thus making a large river, free! Why can you not have liberty? For turned into pb*uerh-shares, and spears in­ strength. I hope the Government will get which is of great service to man in pre­ you must be free or you will never become to pruning-hooks,” and we live at peace a stronger and surer remedy that will keep paring the earth for him and in carrying a part of the world’s civilization.” with our neighbors. this degrading whisky out of every reser­ his burdens. Where there are vast for­ It seems that we who have been given vation. For the past twenty years we have est lands, the river does the work of this grand opportunity of entering the We are about to pass from a century been struggling to free ourselves from the man and beast, as it is used in floating Carlisle Indian School,have been brought that is one of the most important in the hands of intemperance. How few are the logs to the mill. In our western coun­ by the hand of the Almighty. We repre­ world’s history in matters of universal fighting against it! When there are more try, there are streams that may run for a sent seventy different tribes from all parts progress, invention, freedom to humanity than a third of all the Indians in favor of number of miles and then are absorbed of the United States, anil Alaska. To-day and education. This younger generation using such poison. What a great wrong by “ mother earth” . we know of many who have become suc­ of our race, who have had the chance of it is to allow such slavery within the As the logs are thrown into the river, cessful farmers and business men which seeing what good has been accomplished, borders ol our country and among a so responsibilities are thrown upon our brings to them an independent livelihood, should try to prove that America is the Christian people. White man, you have shoulders; as the little streams turn their and some are missionaries and. teachers cradle of our liberties, and the sacred captured my race by introducing the course first one way then another, so we among their own race. Are you not con­ shrine and glory of our race. strong drink among the Indians. Pro­ must turn against our enemies. As the vinced by these facts that the solving of To day we assume the solemn duties of hibit it from your own communities, and | little stream ripples and broadens, as it the Indian problem lies almost wholly manhood and womanhood. During our you will help my people to stand. But • comes near the shore of the great ocean as with the Indian youth? What splendid' school life we have been as brothers and' THE RED MAN—MARCH, 1900 8

listers, and I hope that as we are about were notin vain. Today we are proud of started on horseback from St Anthony newissa is what is known as Manitou to separate, we will remember that the being able to say: No other nation can Falls to explore this region. His descrip­ Face, or Leaping Rock This is an iso­ success we have attained as a class is due be compared with ours. tion of theCoteau des Prairies, the quart­ lated piece of rock some thirty feet in to our keeping in touch with the motto Thousands of Romans laid down their zite ridge, the falls, and the pipestone height and separated from the wall of we have chosen: lives for their republic and yet their quarry, written then, applies equally as rock by a distance of twelve to fifteen “ W e’ll find a way or make one.” children reaped only poverty, misery and well now: feet. The top of the rock is broken in such shame. They fought for conquest bul the For many miles in the distance we had a way as to represent a human face »nd is the coteau in view, which looked like a THE USE OF DIFFICULTIES. Americans fought for freedom, and so her blue cl >ud sett ling do wn on the horizon, called by the Indians Manitou Face, or subjects not only enjoy liberty, peace and when we arrived at its base we were Face of the Great Spirit It is also called and happiness but prosperity and fame scarcely sensible of the fact, from the Leaping Rock by some as there is a leg­ B y Pasquala A nderson, Mission. also Thus we see a just cause will pros­ graceful and almost imperceptible swells end that some chieftain of the Sioux had Man should consider it his greatest priv­ with which it commenced its , elevation per and flourish, and those who work for above it. * * * On the very top of the promised the hand of his daughter to any ilege, when led by an invisible hand to righteousness will not hesitate because mound ridge we found the far-famed one brave enough to leap across to the tread upon unknown fields and forced to the way seems dark and gloomy. quarry or fountain of the red pips. rock. Several tried but were dashed to ensure fiery trials, since he is chosen to The United States has steadily and The principal and most striking feature death upon the rocks beneath, aud only have authority over the animals of this is a p< rpsndicular wall of close grained, rapidly advanced in progress and wealth compact quartz of twenty-five or thirty one was successful. world. In order to do this successfully it until now it is among the leading powers feet in elevation, running nearly north Just twenty years after the Nicollet is necessary that he should have expe­ of the world. Its loyal subjects are in and south, with its face to the west, ex­ party were here, a party of white women rience, for a man who never had a trying close touch with other nations and are hibiting a front of about two miles, when camped at the quarries. They were sur­ it disappears at both ends by running hour is worth but little. Lincoln, who employing their powers in making new under the prairie, which is there a little vivors of the Spirit Lake massacre of 1858 rose from poverty and misery, was able discoveries and inventions. Edison of more elevated and probably covers it for and captives of Inkpaduta’s band. There to fulfil the duties of his high office; and our time is not enjoying ease and rest but many miles, both north and south. This were three white women and one young his ability and strength were due to the is continually at work on new plans; beautiful wall is per fee ly stratified in girl, Abbie Gardner, between 12 and 13 several distinct, horizontal layers of light hardtrials through which he passed during which often times prove utter failures, gray and rose or flesh colored quartz, and years of age. She says they rested here his boyhood. It is a self-evident truth; still he perseveres with a determined will through the greater part of the way, both three days while the Indians were dig­ that both men and women who have to complete his task and thus adds some on the front of the wall and over acres ging the pipestone. She visited here fought against difficulties have proven new invention which makes labor easier of its horizontal surface, it is highly pol­ ished or glazed as if by ignition At the some years ago and identified the exact themselves better qualified to perform for man. base of tins wall and running nearly par­ spot where they camped. duties of great responsibility. Should our nation be ease-seeking like allel to it there is a level prairie of a half Nearly a half century atro, when the Our daily tasks offer resistance and to a certain class of the old Greeks, who be­ mile within, any and all parts of which different Indian tribes, for stipulated the Indians procure the red stone for their do them we must exert great energy lieved in the proverb, “Let us eat and pipes by digging through the soi 1 and sev­ sums aud annuities,moved over on to res­ which strengthens us. The flowers in drink for tomorrow we die,” it is not likely eral slaty layers of the stone to the depth ervations in Dakota, the government their innocence taste the hardship* of under these conditions that we should of four or five feet From the very nu reserved the Pipestone quarries and one life. In their beauty and del icacy they stand in the foremost rank of nations, but memus marks of aucierit and modern ex­ section of land, containing all the places like them we should find ourselves shame­ cavations it would appear that the place stand before the mighty sun, pleading for has been re.-orted to for many centuries to sacred to them in legendary history, for protection, yet no mercy is shown them, fully corrupt and far behind in the race. secure the red stone. the special use of the Indian. The title but they are exposed to the summer’s in­ Often times men appear to be deaf to It appears that the Indian tribes have of the land was still vested in the United tense heat and winter’s bitter cold. The God’s call. They do not realize that they long held this place in superstitious esti­ States, but. the use of the laud and the mation, and also that it has been the re­ cho;ce for them is “life or death,” and if have any mission upon earth, and simply sort of different tribes, who have made digging of the pipestone was to he the life, then they must patiently strive to ;ive for self, but when afflictions come, their regular pilgrimage here to renew exclusive right of the Indians. Some grow, however trying the situation, and their minds are quickened to their dut ies their pipes. It is also evident that these years ago, several gentlemen, learning later they appear before us robed in green, John JBunyan was thus led to write his people set an extraordinary value on the that the title was still vested in the U nit­ famous “Pilgrim’s Progress” which has red s one, independent of the fact that it attired like queens for coronation. is more easily carved and makes better ed States, filed claims, hoping to secure Not only in nature do we see this, but s’uce been translated into many lan pipes than any oilier stone. Whenever the land The Indians, upon learning of also in Human life we find that strength guages Water is useful,still all its force is an Indian presents a pipe of it, lie gives it this, were very indignant and came here and beauty of character is developed in not employed until it has been imprison­ as something from the Great Spirit, and in numbers to investigate. Troops were ed and under intense heat turned into some of the tribes have a tradition that the same way. In studying the life of the red men were all created from the red sent and the white men who had built our blessed Saviour, we learn that He powerful steam. Which one of us possess­ stone and that.it is thereby a part of their upon the land were forced to move. labored against opposition. We have no ing all ur faculties would have the cour­ lie h Such was the superstition of the From that time on the Indians have laid age o f Helen Kellar to study for Harvard Sioux on this subject that we had great still greater clsim to the land, even exact­ knowledge of any other character thus difficulty in approaching it, being stopped trained who reached a perfection equal to Annex? Must our race allow cowardice by sevetai hundred of them, who ordered ing payment for the privilege of cutting that of Christ So determined was he to to keep them in ignorance? us back and threatened us very hard, say­ hay and taking ice from the lakes. save humanity and triumph over evil, Some people say that it is impossible for ing that no w iite man had ever seen it Upon this historic spot, made famous and tliat none should that all the insults of the world had no the Indians to be civilized, but we read in by Longfellow in his “Songs of Hiawatha.” power which was strong enough t > turn history that the great nations of today Within a few rods of the pipestone here where him from his chosen course. In the were a thousand years ago in a barbarous quarry is a group of huge boulders, pro­ Gitche Manitou, the mighty, dreadful night in Gethsemane, bowed condition, and what one people has done, bably weighing several hundred tons. Galled the tribes of men together, down by anguish and pain, He said, “Not is it not possible for another to accom­ These rocks are of a different composi­ and taught them to fashion the calumet, my will but thine be done.” plish? tion from that of any in the vicinity, the peace-pipe—here Congress, in 1892, es­ We selfishly mourn and fret over our We who are about to step out into the un­ being of a sort of gray quartzite. The tablished a Government Industrial In­ trials and thus cast gioom over our known world from the loving cane which largest of the rocks is about twenty feet dian school, appropriating $25,000 for that friends, but this beautiful world was we have here received should remember across and fifteen feet high. The others purpose. given us that we might help make it still that we owe a duly not only to our super­ are nearly as large and all close together. Tiie erection of this school was the more bright and beautiful for others intendent and our teachers, but to our The 1 geud of these rocks most generally result of a petition to Congress setting Perhaps the heart of the great sculptor country, ourselves and our God, and that believed by the Indians is that once upon f«*rth the desirability and suitability of Michael Angelo grew faint, when he first it is our highest duty to make ourselves a time there was a fierce battle between the location of one of the government two bands of Indians. They fought many tried to carve a statue, but he saw in that true men and women. The battles of life Industrial Indian schools at. this place. days until there were but two chiefiaius unhewn stone a beautiful form which he no doubt will be hard and bitter but we The bill also provided that the mile left. These tomahawked each other, and determined to reveal to human eyes should endeavor to carry out in our lives square of laud was to be converted into a With master skill he hewed and polished the lessons learned, and— the race would have becune extinct had National Indian Pipestone park so that not three Indian maidens hid beneath the the marble until he accomplished his , . . “build the ladder by which we rise the many historical spots might be {pre­ work. After all the effort was not too ' From the lowly earth to the vaulted skies; three large rocks and lived to perpetuate served, and there was to be free access for And mount to its summit round by round.” their race. ^ These “Three Maidens” are great nor the price paid too dear. the public to the park, subject to the ex. You are all familiar with our country’s worshipped by Indian visitors to this day. isting rights of tlie Indians. Only the history; iis early discovery and the foun­ THE WONDERFUL PIPESTONE On the face of a large rock near the falls school appropriation passed, leaving the dation of its Government. Oppressed and QUARRIES. have been found the initials of a party of park as a separate consideration. The In­ white men who visited this region some persecuted in their native countries, the two years after Catlin dians, hearing about, the hill aud fearing Nearly every Indian tribe has some in­ an infringement upon their rights, for­ Pilgrim fathers grew indignant and When Nicollet was exploring the upper teresting legend connected with the formed that bold design of leaving their Mississippi region he was assisted by warded a protest through the Indian bu­ cherished homes for unknown regions blood-red stone of the Pipestone quarries. reau, claiming a clear title to the laud. John C Fremont, then lieutenant of the One tale is that long ago two fierce The matter was discussed iu congress, and where freedom might be established. United Stat s corps of topographical en­ bands of Wiunebagoes and Sioux, the as it was about time for adjournment, a This new home was in the wild woods gineers Charles H Bennett, one of the bravest of their respective tribes, met in rider, or clause was passed iu with other among fierce wolves and hostile savages, pioneer settlers of this place, who is very conflict here. Thev fought all day, from hills to this effect : That in order to estab­ all of which end angered their lives. Al­ much interested in the preservation of early morn till set of sun, until the chief­ lish titl“ to the land the United States though life itself was a burden, yet the things historic, upon reading the incrip tain of one baud was slain. Mome of the must make claim in court before the ex­ future proved that the difficulties sur­ tion, believed some of tlie initials there warriors escaped and some were made piration of one year. In t lie next con­ mounted both at sea and on land were might be those of Fremont. Accordingly captives. Among the captives was the gress, when the bill for the National In- buc outward thorns that protected hid­ he wrote Mr. Fremont, who replied that chieftain’s daughter. Being very brave den blossoms; as so often we find a blush­ lie was with the party, that they camped diau Pipestone park was presented it was and fair, she was chosen by one chief as ing rose bidden among unfriendly thorns, at the quarry, aud met there a hand of discovered that no claim had been made his share of the spoils. Refusing, how­ that inflict unmerciful wounds, but Sioux. He also said that the initials “C. before the expiration of the time and the ever, to become his bride, she was doomed when once we secure ly hold it,we proudly F .” were for Charles Fremont, as he then land had lap-ed to the Indians. Before to the stake. In dying, she predicted that anything further could be done negotia­ utter. “The thorny bush is no lon'ger our commonly wrote his name On the sur­ the Great Spirit would throw her blood tions with the Indians were necessary. master but we have conquered it.” face of the smooth, red quartzite around Major McLaughlin, who has had con­ upon the sun’s rays to her people far away, In time, priceless liberty, which drank the base of the“Three Maidens,'’are found siderable experience with the Indians, and that the stone under her feet would the blood of many brave heroes was won many inscriptions These were made at was appointed to treat with them, and by these sturdy people. With pride and forever be tinted with her blood. finally secured the release of the land for different times and by different persons as a consideration of $1 000,000. After this gratitude we remember those who under­ Catlin, the famed explorer of Indian can be seen by the tools used and the in­ settlement has been made with the In­ took the task of turning this wilderness country, was the first white man to visit terference of the figures. T h e y are dians, the reservation can be converted into a glorious republic, that should here­ this locality. Attracted by the Indian generally figures of some animal—bear, into a national park with appropriation* after stand in defence of justice, liberty tales he had heard, in the summer of 1836, from time to time for its preservation and wolf turtle, elk, and also rude figures of adornment. in company with a young English gen­ and peace The hope of those heroes was the human form. —[Jeannette S. Crosby not blighted and the difficulties endured tleman and his trusty Indian guide, he Standing at the left of the Falls of Win. in Minneapolis Journal. 4 THE RED MAN—MARCH 1900

______(From 1st paere_)______In conclusion, let me say, my young Pratt in the goodness of his heart, has “Tannhauser,” after which Major Pratt ton, and there is one thing I like about friends, as I came here today and saw tried to make me feel at home, when he said: him, he is not after an office. (Laughter.) (hat old flag that we all love so well called for the Oklahoma students to staud We will have the benediction for these The Major said good naturedly a moment floating at the top of the flagstaff 1 felt up, it made me feel at least that I was in­ exercises at the beginning so that it may since that this was his cliss meeting. I that, thank God, we were permitted, as a deed at my own reservation at home. go all through and last after we pass out. have a vague idea that at that kind of a matter of retribution and justice, to gather Now to come down to Congress, Okla­ I have very great honor aud pleasure in meeting there is expected of each enter­ under its kindly folds these boys and homa sent me down, not expecting me to asking to come to the front and offer tainer an exhortation or an experience,and girls, whose fathers and mothers received do anything, as I have no vote; and a dele­ prayer on this occasion, Dr. Paton, so not being go id at the former, I may be at our hands that which worked injustice gate in Congress is in the position that well known throughout the world as the pardoned for referring to a little personal and wrong and misery to them, although the Irishman said of the steam threshing great missionary to the Hebrides in the experience. When coming down to we acted with the best motives in the machine. As he was driving along a road Southern Pacific. Washington at the beginning of this f-es world; and now let me say one thing he saw one, and after it had pasped him. Dr Paton offered prayer. sion, a rank greenhorn, not a great chief more: Send here as many of your kin as and he had been fortunate enough in not Major Pratt then said a word to the like my friend here, I felt, when the in­ you can collect, bring them all here if having his team run away, he sat in studeuts from the country and to the farm formation came that I was to take a you can and we will enlarge these build­ amazement, and looking around he saw patrons, every one of whom, he said, was humble place on the Indian Committee, ings, aud no matter how much money the smoke rolling out of the top, and he a professor of the Carlisle Hchool. that it was rather repugnant than other­ this brave and noble soldier wants from said: The School Song, “ Comrades All,” wise. It involved hard work and brought the Treasury of the United States, as long “ Huh! You can puff and snort and with original words and music, was ef­ fewer opportunities, and I had no idea of as I am there he will have my vote and blow, but you can’t vote.” (Laughter.) fectively sung by the entire school with this Indian question, but I want to make he will have what limited influence I can That is my position in Congress, and band accompaniment. The orations by a confession right here, that as I came to exercise in that regard. (Applause.) that is the position of a good many In ­ members of the graduating class followed study into the question and saw it grad­ Senator McCumber said in part: dians also. Nobody has a kindlier feel­ (see pp 2 and 3,; interspersed with excel­ ually open and rievtl p, it dawned upon One of the moM pathetic of all the great ing for the Indian than I have. We have lent vocal and instrumental music and me that it was not only a most interesting changes that have ever occurred upon more Indian allotments of land in my recitations. problem, but one which involved justice, this brown old earth since time began section than in any section of the United When the time came for the delivery of one which required much of the present was the destruction of this old civiliz­ States, and the Government has under­ the diplomas, Major Pratt said : generation to make up for the wrong and ation of the new wot Id that its place taken in late years to do the right thing I have requested Dr Gates, for a long the stupid blunders that had been com might be taken by the civilization of art; with the Indian. If there were ten Major time President of the Board of Indian mitted in what may be known as our In­ the destruction of the wild flowers and Pratts in the United States the future of Commissioners, now its Secretary, at one dian policy. Why, whatdid we do? We forests of the new world that they might the Indian would be secure. (Applause ) time President of Rutgers College, and pushed these tribes back and insisted that give place to a usurping power, to the I want to say to you now, after what I President of Amherst, to deliver the di­ they should remain tribes, and what did power of culture. have seen, that no man, whether I have plomas to this, our largest graduating that mean?—that they should remain I want to say to you, my young friends, a vote or not, will be a stronger supporter class; and before the young people come savages. As soon as civilization came that since your forefathers in the days of any school or any Indian plan that is to the platform, I have asked the Doctor towards them we beckoned them back fur­ of old were able to staud up, as the chap championed by Major Pratt than myself. to take a few minutes in addressing us. ther into the wilderness. Upon the pre­ ters of history telljmu, and go down to Major Pratt: I began with the In­ Dr. Gates said in part: text of purchasing lands from them we death without a groan, as they tried to dian aud I want to end with him. The Young Ladies and Gentlemen of the gave tin m great sums of money ; that one stave off this mighty monster, the civil­ School has turned out two hundred and Graduating Class: pl*n was impracticable, for from their ization of the old world, and fought for nineteen graduates. We keep track of This is one of the earliest commence­ standpoint it came as the result of fear their rights, so we expect you to exem­ them, and I can say that more than nine­ ment seasons observed by any school or raiher than a feasible theory according to plify their mighty character for strength ty-five per cent of them are doing well; college in our land. As the spring ad­ the logic of their current convictions. and endurance in whatever manner you and we challenge the most careful inves­ vances and early summer comes on, a W hat did we do again? meet the new conditions. Encourage­ tigation. Among those who graduated great wave of popular interest in the com­ We brought the pressure of this Gov­ ment must come from the white people in the first classes of the school was mencement exercises of our schools and ernment to keep that tribal relation in­ who brought these new conditions upon a young lady who, after finishing her colleges sweeps across the country. No tact, and by that pressure we gave powers you, and as I saw your faces today I felt course here, weutto the great city of Phil­ public gatherings of any kind command and sovereignty to Chiefs and by our that you were able to face them. adelphia and took a course in nursing. so widespread and universal an iuterest money we paid a bonus on savagery Judge Lacey of Iowa made a humorous She has been practicing her profession on the part of the great masses of our peo­ What was accomplished by the payment and appreciative speech in the course of since her graduation as near as I can re­ ple in all the states and territories as do of those large sums of money ? What was which he remarked that those who come to call about eight years. The other day a the annual commencements of our high that money good for to those people? view with curiosity go away with feelings superintendent of a school out west asked schools, academies, seminaries aud col­ W hy, money is not good for anything to of amazement at the work that has been me to send him an Indian girl nurse; the leges. There is always an intense inter­ any man who has not earned it. A man done and is doing here. In speaking of salary was fifty dollars a month. I at est attached to the recruiting centers of who has never owned a dollar can’t un­ “going back,” he said: once thought of this young lady aud of­ an army when a nation has a great war derstand the value of a dollar. But there W hat is really meant is not that you fered her the position She wrote me on its hands, and our schools and colleges were lurking around that country some should not go back to Oklahoma or In­ “No, that she could make twice that in are the recruiting centers from which men who did know the value of a dollar, dian Territory, but you should not go Philadelphia, and she preferred to stay new forces are each year received in­ and they made haste to hang upon the back to the reservation life; that was all. there” . She does not know I am going to the vast army of educated citizens. flanks of these tribes, as the jackal hangs You should not go back to the tepee, you to call her on the platform, but I want Commencement day is the mustering day ab >ut the herd, to fall upon the weak should not go back to the life of your an her to come up here, Miss Katie Grindrod for new recruits before whom open the noblest possibilities of service! You and and helpless and rob the Indians of their cestors. None of the white people want Miss Grindrod said a very few words, your comrades of the class of 1900 are the money. They stimulated his mind for to go back to the days of their ancestors, after which Major Pratt introduced Dr. latest additions to the army. It is not war and his passion for gambling, in order and you certainly will make just as grave Montezuma of Chicago, who said in part: a mistake should you return to the life of strange—it is natural and it is a matter that they might strip him of the money I am a lonely scout returning from duty the tepee. for joy and congratulation that the inter­ that had been poured into his lap by this to the camp which you must go out from Now at Carlisle the hand is being ed­ est of all our people is deep aud strong in mistaken policy of the United States, and in order to fight the battles of life. You ucated along with the head and with the the commencement exercises of our the result was that the poor red man has know civilization is very dangerous to heart; they all go together here, and I be­ schools. justly, I think, a mistaken idea of the the Indian. That has been the idea of lieve that the future of the Indian in the At most such centers of education,com­ white people. I say justly if the idea was the whites for many years, and it is not taken from those white people who were United States is largely being shaped from mencement week and commencement the germ that starts at the school of Car­ strange that the majority of the white day are marked by the groups of family attracted to the Indian camps by the mo­ people in theUuited S ateshave the same tives we have suggested. lisle. and if the other schools of the far friends who surround the students. idea, and of course they all understand We undertake to civilize a tribe, but west looked to Carlisle they could pattern We do not forget the reason why you that the Apaches are the best scouts. you can’t civilize a tribe, nor a band after no better example than that which who graduate today are not all surrounded There is a philanthropic idea that it You may civilize one man or one woman, we have witnessed here today (Applause) by your home friends. It is not that they takes generations and generations in or­ but you can’tcivilizeatribe Civilization hayer do not love you, or that your thoughts do Mr. T of Massachusetts was intro­ der to make a man and a woman I con­ begins with a unit, begins with the indi­ not go back in love to them. But you are duced, and remarked that he had not ex­ tradict this old idea. If it shall take a vidual, and the very A B C of civilization the emigrants now! Yon are the pioneers pected to speak on this occasion, but generation before a man can accomplish and explorers for your people. is to implant in the IndiaD mind the idea could not well decline to express his high anything, to win any battle, aud he can’t of individuality as distinct from the tribe appreciation of what he had seen and do it, he falls and others come on. This As the Indians now set themselves to —individual duty and individual inspira­ heard. idea has been a stone around the Indian’s the task of making a place for themselves tion, and no scheme will ever work that Major P ratt: I want all the boys neck ; it has been a drawback to h im ; this in civilized life, precisely as the white does not begin with the man or woman and girls of the Carlisle School that be­ prevalent idea that he is an Iudian, and pioneers set out a century or two ago to Ladies and gentlemen, what I have long to the Territory of Oklahoma to make a place for themselves in the wil­ seen here today has appealed to me like that is all. I hate to speak of the Indian staud up. question because it is no question at all. derness; as emigrants from tribal life and an inspiration. I never dreamed there Now I want the representative in Con­ barbarism, as pioneers and leaders in the was any such thing on this earth as has It is just your ignorance, that is all; your gress from Oklahoma to stand up. Hon. ignorance. (Laughter.) march of your people to the conquest of a been brought to our attention here, to­ Dennis Flynn. (Applause.) place for themselves in civilized life, you day,and my heart goes out to every one of COMMENCEMENT DAY. Mr. Fl y n n : have set your faces, not westward, not to these young men; and boys, right here, It was a white Commencement—ush­ It is a pleasure for me to be with you the sinking sun as did the earlv pioneers whether you live in the east,whether you ered silently in by the heaviest snow-fall tonight, and I want to state to you very of our race, but you march eastward, in­ take the advice of my good friend here and of the season During the morning hours frankly that although it is going on six to the sunrise, into the new day of light stay here, or whether you go back to your the visiting party passed through the four­ years since I have been in the House of and stronger life. And in this great m i­ homes in the west, it is always something teen school rooms, pausing here aud there Representatives this is the first time I gration and movement of your people to­ to be a man, and I want to add one word. to question the classes or comment on the have ever been able, although previous ward the light of Christian civilization, It is a great word, because the civilization to this a member of the Indian Commit­ work, and examining the attractive ex­ and the knowledge aud the practice of of the white man hinges on that word— hibits of the Sloyd and Art departments. tee, to come to the Carlisle School; and I the white man’s ways, your Columbus, GENTLEMAN. The white man becomes tell you very frankly, and they always The graduating exercises were held hardy adventurer to show to others the civilized when he becomes a gentleman ; say I tell what I think, that I didn’t come in the gymnasium at two o’clock, be­ one way into the new land, is our hon­ gentle with the weak, kind with the help­ simply because I didn’t approve of the fore an audience of nearly three thou­ ored veteran, and your loved and honored less, gentle with little children and with sand persons, a number of eminent guests leader, Major Richard Henry Pratt! the aged. It is a great word; it is greater School or the system of conducting schools than any title of nobility, the title of gen­ off Indian reservations; and I confess occupying the platform. It is part of the cost which explorers tleman. after being here today and after Major The Band played the Overture from- and adventurers must pay for the keen THE RED MAN—MARCH 1900 5

Joy of discovery and the proud fame of We believe in keeping open the way to abuses which have b>ng ground down the you hear a summons to more strenuous leadership, that they must pass their years the highest education for such among many poor, for the enriching of the few and persi-tent effort in all the coming far from their kin and their early home your people as have the ability and the who had political power in the In­ years;—then as true men, aud brave- They must break the ties of daily asso­ strength of will to profit by studies in the dian Territory, is in process of disintegra­ hearted women, you will do your part for ciation with those they love best. Often higher schools and in the professions. tion under the operation of the Curtis act, your race in that larger, fuller life of the separation must endure for years— Bur, for most of the red people, as for and the work of the Dawes Commission Ami rican citizenship to which we bid you not seldom, for all of life. “ Rise up, and most of the white, every day life and ef­ The gatherings of the Lake Motionk Con­ welcome. get thee out from among thy kindred and fort must and should lay hold on the ference, with their far-reaching influence At this point the graduating class thy people’’—this has been the marching material things of life, and for such use­ through editors, preachers, legislators, stepped upon the platform and received order for the great leaders in every for ful every day living, your training here agents and officials, have done much to their diplomas from the hand of Dr. ward movement, from the days of Abra­ has sought to fit you. It has been honest quicken the public conscience, and to se­ Gates ham. These marching orders, with their work—honoring toil of the brain, but hon­ cure the enactment of righteous laws for Major Pratt: I notice on the pro­ penalty of broken home ties and years of oring, no less, skillful toil of the hands! your race. And on all sid* s, in almost al. gram that after this feature we have ad­ separation, you have obeyed. But for Your life here in the shops and in the the states of the Union, there is a spirit of dresses, and I promised you last night these very reasons, our interest in you is school has dealt with things as they are, eager and friendly anticipation of the that we should hear from other members deeper at your Commencement Day. and has taught you reverence for facts best things from the educated Indians of Congress, Senate and House, this after­ Because you are for your people explor­ and for common life. Those of you who of thes- later years. noon. Senator Thurston, of Nebraska, ers and pioneers in the life of this civil­ go on to higher courses of study, will Much remains to be done. Aud in the Chairman of the Indian Committee of ized nation, the authorities of the nation, stand all the more firmly on your feet, doing of it we shall look to you for ma the Senate, is here, and I present him to and the philanthropists of the nation, your life through, for the broad basis of terial assistance. Family ties must be you. manifest such an interest in your school your education in industrial effort and in rendered more sacred; for only 6 or 7 of S e n a t o r T h u r s t o n : as is shown by the officials of our Govern industrial training here. our 56 Indian agencies even profess to L a d i e s a N D G e n t l e m e n . I doubt if ment, in hardly another commencement Aud you do not have to make your own keep a record of marriages We should you realize what a serious thing it is to in the land except,perhaps,at the two Na­ way as a race, slowly and unaided through have a law requiring a license from the ask a Senator of the United States to tional Academies where we train the sol­ centuries of hardly perceptible progress agent for all marriages of reservation In­ sp*ak. Nobody in Washington asks a diers who officer the armies of the starry from savagery and barbarism to civili­ dians, and providing the method and the Senator to speak, and very few listen to flag, and the officers who lead our sailors zation. You are not compelled, as our officers for solemnizing and recording him when he does speak. (Laughter.) and make our Navy invincible on all the race was forced to do centuries ago, to marriages, that Indian families may be I must however insist that it is just about seas. Nowhere save at West Point and fisiht your way with your own right hands fitted for life under the laws of the states as well to make a speech which nobody Annapolis, I venture to say, will so many and weapons of your own forging to na­ and territories which govern their family hears, as we do in the Senate, as it is to National legislators gather at any com­ tional independence and the establish­ relations, as soon as they receive allot follow the practice of the House and print mencement of school, academy, or col­ ment of laws and social order for your­ ments and become citizens. Greater care speeches which nobody reads.(Laughter.) lege, as are here today to testify their selves Under that peaceful policy of edu­ should be exercised in naming Indians, I have come here to receive the blessing kindly feeling toward you and the cause cation, and of helping your people to help and in permanently recording tneir names of the Carlisle School for having saved it. of Indian education, which you repre­ themselves which marks the latter dec­ when allotments are made. A law should I will tell you how I sav* d it. The Sena­ sent ades of our national life,you are coming to make simple, but invariable provisions tors were for it; the members of Congress And there is hope for your people now great opportunities which are ready made for fixing the heirs of every allotted In were for it, but the delegate from Okla­ as never before! The heaviest clouds for you- The darkest era of your race is dian who may die, and for recording the homa had always been against it and I have broken away from your sky. As a behind you, and the sky is bright ahead! names of these heirs in a permanent reg­ brought him here so that you could con­ You of the red race are heritors of what ister at the time of each such death. On vert him, and its future is now safe. race you are, after all, in that spring time (Laughter.) of history which comes to a people, when we of the white race have done for the many reservations where able bodied I have been delighted with my visit to ibey first consciously make their way, continent. At last, and after ages of hes­ men and women are fed in pauperizing Carlisle. It is my first vi«it and I have from the dreary levels of savagery and itation and of injustice—at last, we invite idleness, an early date should be fixed for been simply overwhelmed aud surprised. up the slow slope of barbarism to the free you, we welcome you to the rights of cit­ stopping the issue of rations to those who I knew in a general way what you had table-lands of civilization and self-gov­ izenship and to an honorable share in the are capable of self-support; and cattle done at d what you were doing, but the re­ ernment. To every race as it enters up life of our Republic. It can no longer be should be issued to Indians on the grazing alization far exceeds any previous concep­ on this higher stage of progress, there ► aid that for the Indians of the United reservations, so that the next two or three tion of my own. I am delighted with Car­ •comes a burgeoning time of Spring when States there is“no law and no land.” For years may see thousands of Indians who bide, nestling here in this beautiful val­ all the forces of the race put forth new the average Indian child, there is such a are now fed by the government,raising and ley, in the heart of the best civilization of growths. Our English race knew such a dower of land, such an opportunity for selling cattle for their own honest self- the count y, surrounded by the richest time, when the Normans and Saxons, education, if he will take it, and so free support. The work of allotment of agricultural community, in a State fore­ welded into one people, entered on their an opportunity to work under the pro­ lauds in severalty should be carefully but most in the Union in all industrial enter­ career of discovery and world-coloniz tection of the laws of the Union, and on steadily pressed forward. And I do not prises (Applause.) ing, with that glorious forth-putting of na­ lands secured to him by the Nation, as hesitate tn say that I believe that the If the people of tne United States could tional force which we call theElizabetban the average white children of no genera­ g r e a t t r i b a l e u n d s which our Govern­ see this School there would be no trouble era. And when an old race-stock takes tion in the past among us, have ever ment hold-in tru-t SHOULD BE BROKEN about appropriations; if they saw this on new life, in a fresh environment, and known. Citizenship in a nation which UP UPON THE BOOKS OF THE TREASURY graduating class today they would not under new conditions, there comes to it a others have fought to establish, and have INTO INDIVIDUAL SHARES, CREDITED TO hesitate. period of fresh power, of new life and paid to maintain, is offered to you, is al­ THE INDIVIDUALS WHO NOW HAVE A This Indian problem is an old, old prob­ growth. Such new vigor came to the most forced upon you all! r i g h t t o t h e m ; that children born into lem. It grows out of the relation be­ English stock here in our American col­ W hat a change in this respect since the tribe after an early fixed date should tween civilized people going into a new onies a hundred years ago, as they set the meeting in New York only sixteen have no fun her right to a share in such country and the original inhabitants of it. themselves to dominate a continent. A years ago when I first stood up to speak funds in their own names; and that the Your forefathers were in this country, like endowment of fresh energy Aus­ for the rights of the Indians on the same law should provide for the payment of it is true, but do not forget that your an­ tralian life has shown in these last dec­ platform with your leader, Major Pratt. each man’s individual share by the Gov­ cestors did not occupy this country; they ades, as Englishmen have colonized and (Turning to Major Pratt) Do you re­ ernment to the man himself when he is were not fastened to the soil; they roamed civilized all Australasia. member the earnestness with which, on able to use it,and to his heirs orjtheir guard­ up aud down all over it at will, and were It is not fanciful to believe that for the that occasion, y ou protested against the ians when the present holder of such a doing nothing for the benefit of the world educated young people of your race, such absolute iniquity of those laws and cus share may die. In tribal funds there at large. No people have a right to the a time of vigor and new achievement lies toms of the United States which made it should be inaugurated a system of indi­ soil, unless they cultivate and make it just before you. There are many indi­ impossible for the only native-born vidual holdings such as has been inaugu­ fruitful and productive. Civilization has cations of new vigor in your race. The Americans to become citizens of the rated in the matter of tribal lands. a right to take possession of any land that prize story in the Century won in a com Union, while ignorant foreigners from all To this oncoming future of your race is in a state of wilderness and not be­ petition with the brightest undergraduate other races in the world were welcomed with an actual share in the life of our na­ ing cultivated. There were many wrong writers in all the universities and colleges to our haroors,and might quickly become tion as citizens, what will you contribute, things done in the contact between the of our country, the rbcent articles in the naturalized citizens? I well recall the young men and women of this graduating onward march of civilization and the ab­ Atlantic Monthly, written by the graceful burning sentences in which you declared class? Your usefulness to the state and origine. Wrongs are always done in this pen of one whose hand has mastered no to the Indian students on the platform to your people, your success or your fail­ great work of human progress. Many of less gracefully the tones and technique of that you believed the only way to get for ure in life, will depend upon the spirit the pathways of civilization are bloody; that noble instrument, the violin; the them their rights as citizens, would be to that animates you today,and in these com­ but behind civilization in its onward promising art work of others of your race; load a boat with them that night, and ing years. And that spirit may be tested march, whether led by the sword or cross, the honorable place already won by In­ taking them down the bay of New York by the answer you give in your soul to come the schoolhouses and church spires dians in all the learned professions harbor, to “smuggle them aboard” an in the question, “Is our graduation today a and religion and the teachings of God, the among our people: all these are signs of coming immigrant ship; for thus,and thus beginning, or an e n d ?” If you accept uplifting of the human race and the ad­ promise to encourage you as you enter up­ only, if lost in the crowd of foreign born, the congratulations of the friends who vancement of the destiny of mankind. on your life work. The old-fashioned, ro­ might these, the truest of native-born surround you today, as an indication that For years and years your ancestors mantic interest in the impossible and fan­ Americans, be admitted to the exercise of you have in any sense finished the work bravely fought for what they considered cied Indians of the early story-tellers, their birthright, American citizenship! of education—if you allow yourselves to their own, but the day of combat is past; has given way to a genuine and expect­ Since that meeting, sixteen yea^s ago, be satisfied and content with the little you can no 1 mger fight with the weapons ant interest in the Indian as he has act­ what changes for the better in the out­ you have so far achieved, the question is of war; you must either become a part of ually lived, and as he is proving that he look which lies before the graduates of answered, and sadly answered for you! this civilization, be assimilated into it, can live, as a civilized American citizen this school! The crowded segregated res­ In that case, your little life-clock will take your places in its ranks and help among his white compatriots. ervation, with its long train of accursed have struck twelve today on the com­ it in fighting its battles, or else it will For a useful and honorable life, lived in evils, is rapidly being broken up. The mencement stage, and you will “ go into walk over you and you will be swept the interest of your people, but not neces­ General Allotment Act has been passed the small hours” for all your future! But away as other people have been into ab­ sarily lived among your people or on the giving citizenship to all Indians who re­ if you accept the congratulations that solute extinction. W hat will you do? reservation ; for a lile of useful and indus­ ceive in severalty the lands the Govern­ meet you today, not as a satisfaction, but This scnool is the answer. trious citizenship, in which you shall ment offers to all. Already more than only as a stimulus to further effort; if you I believe in the Indian. I have lived bear your full share of the burdens of self- 60,000 Indians are citizens by the operation understand well that we call these days in the far west for thirty years. I have government, and shall know the strenu­ of that act. Tne protection of the white “commencement days” because the fin­ slept with them in their teepees. I have ous delight that belongs to the full life of man’s law has been extended over all the ished work of the school is but the prep­ been with them on their reservations. I the citizen in our great republic—for such Indians. Tribal mis-government is rap­ aration for the real work of later life; if have seen them in all stages of progress, a life your training here has fitted you. idly coming to an end. The mass of in the plaudits that now greet your ears Continued on 8th page 6 THE RED iA N -M A RCH , 1900

©tBerjj gJay at Every Chief or head man of his tribe, FROM ANADARKO, O. T. whether he is able to read or not, should IfLavl i&ie take the R ed Ma n , and through his in­ FROM HOOPA VALLEY, CALIF. I send you with this a copy of the terpreter keep posted on what is going on agent’s circular for leasing of the Wich­ Spring policing of grounds has begun. at Washington and among other Indians,) Miss Mary Cogan, of Chapman, Kansas, ita reservation for grazing purposes for and at the Carlisle School. formerly of the Uintah School, Utah, has three years. Keep-off-the-grass signs are inevidence, been appointed head-laundress at the You see a large part of this land is not The one hundred and fifty Catholic stu­ Seven of our boys have enlisted in ' Hoopa Valley School. fenced, never has been leased and I fear dents of our school who were under special the United States Army within the last 1 Superintendent Freer went down the never will be. We can tell better abput instructions daily for a time previous to six weeks. 3 Klamath River recently, gathering pupils this, however, after the first of February. the first Sunday in Lent, when a large3 for the school, and brought in twenty- If these lands can be leased at the stipu­ The School Y. M. C- A. at a recent number were confirmed Bishop Shan-‘ eight. lated price, it may seem like a good argu­ business meeting elected new officers for ley, of North Dakota and Rev. Gauss, off Mr J. P. Cochran has been transferred ment against what I said in your last the coming year. Carlisle were the instructors. and promoted from the position of black­ issue. If the agent fails to lease them, smith at the Phoenix School, to that of my plau will have no opposition; in fact Twelve of our boys and girls joined the Miss Rosa Bourassa, class ’90, who has3 Industrial Teacher at this School. my plan will not interfere with the St John’s Episcopal Church, Carlisle, been teaching among the Indians since3 Mr. Francis Colgrove has accepted the leases, for the reason that many times during the month. she graduated, and latterly has been em­' position of Assistant Industrial Teacher. more grass goes to waste every year ployed at the Phoenix, Arizona, school,> The School dining-room and kitchen than is eaten, after all the leases that The sloyd department maintains its recently married a young Indian of the3 have been enlarged to accommodate more can he made, are made. popularity and splendid results in head, Wyandotte tribe, Mr. J tines A. Brown,5 pupils, and afford more conveniences for If all the W ichita. reservation should hand and heart training. and the two will make their home in the3 Mrs. Spinks, our most efficient cook. be leased at ten cents an acre, the income Indian Territory. to the Indians would only be about fifty The skating pond which has furnished C L. Cornelius. dollars per capita. 5,000 head of cattle as so much enjoyable, exercise during the An inter-society debate between the individual property would give them an winter has been drained. FROM SHOSHONE AGENCY, Standards and Invincibles gave to the annual income equally as great. 50,000 school an interesting and profitable even­ WYOMING. 107 of on'' students attended the Catho­ acres of grass will keep 5 000 e»ttle i he ing with the Boer situation. Hon. R. M. lic church in town on the 3rd, for con­ year round. So you see by my plan 50,000 Henderson, Judge Biddle and J W. W et­ The Great Cbief Washakie Head. 000 firmation and communion. acres of grsss is equal to 500 on the zel, Esq., three of Cailisle’s most eminent Chief Washakie of the Shoshones died on Base plan; besides giving Indians em­ the 20th of February and was buried on the ployment in the care of the catt le. The Outing fever is on, and requests to townsmen acted as Judges, and decided 24th. He was given a Christian burial in I have demonstrated right here during in favor of the Standards that the B >ers the past eight > ears that my plan canned; go to the country are being sigued by a tbe Fort Washakie Cemetery, ai d buried large number of our boys and girl*. were not justified in waging war with fail. I started here in 1891 with 17 head England. with military honor, as he had been car­ of cattle. Since that time, we have sold as many as we have bousrht, and now we Delegates from our Young Men’s Chris­ ried on the rolls as scout for many years , He was a great and good man, being have over 100 head of cattle, whose value tian Association attended the State Asso­ In the death of Miss Bessie Barclay, is not less than $3,000 These are facts ciation held in Williamsport recently. Saturday the 24th of February, the school honored and respected by the people and that can he demonstrated any day, to any lost a valuable and lovable teacher. Miss all who knew him. A vast concourse one who will come and see for him­ Professor W. H White gave us an ex­ Barclay resided in town with her parents, followed him to his grave—the largest self. G. L Ptgg, Superintendent. ceptionally interesting lecture on New who came toCarli-le after she entered our funeral that, was ever known in this coun­ Zealand, with fine stereopticon views. school force. The deceased had had try. Washakie has been the Shoshones’ reservation experience, having taught at honored chief and adviser for over 50 Mr. Thompson lias entered a class in the Winnebago school, Nebraska, for a years, always counselling peace and prog­ dumb-bell, wand and extension work for time. She was a cultured young woman, ress along the lines of civilized advance­ Five Cherokees from the Indian Terri­ the imer-collegiate gymnastic meet in had travelled abroad, and was the centre ment. All mourn his loss, both Indians tory, headed by Chief Buffington, are New York City on the 23rd of this month. of a large social circle.

APPOINTMENTS AND CHANGES Washington; Mary M. Dodge from assist­ AN EPISCOPAL CONVOCATION IN During the recesses of these conventions IN THE INDIAN SERVICE ant teacher, Ft. Peck, Montana, to teach­ SOUTH DAKOTA there are feasts given to the Indians from FOR FEBRUARY. er, Ft. Belknap, Montana; Eita Knicker- different agencies. The place for the next backer from matron, Pine Point, Min­ One of the features of the church work convocation is chosen in the last meeting, The following changes in employees at nesota, to assistant matron, Sisseton, among the Indiana of South Dakota is and so the good work goes on, with better the various Indian schools and agencies, South Dakota; Bertha Canfield from the annual convocation, which is a gener­ results each year.—[Talks and Thoughts. during the month of February, 1900, were nurse, Phoenix, Ari® >na, to seamstress, al gathering of the Indians of the Epis­ authorized by the Commissioner of In­ Carlisle, Pennsylvania; Hattie Mayfield copal denomination from the different THE INDIANS OF CANADA. dian Affairs: from teacher, Ojo Caliente, California, to agencies at some appointed place. At Appointments. teacher, Santo Domingo, New Mexico; this convocation are often gathered to­ The Indian population as shown by the Mattie Rion, Kansas, cook, Haskell In ­ Belle Steele from teacher, Nutria, New gether three thousand Indians, who are census return according to denominations stitute, Kansas; Minnie M. Meskimons, Mexico, to teacher, Tesuque, New Mexico; either delegates to this meeting or go to is as follows:— Arizona, assistant cook, Phoenix, Ariz.; Sarah M. Cotten from matron, Santee, visit friends under pretence of going to Roman Catholic...... 34,361 Julia E Hyde, Missouri, teacher, Paw Nebraska, to assistant matron, Crow attend the convocation. The object of Church of England...... 14,424 nee, Oklahoma; Helen Smith, Oklahoma Montana; Ethel D-unison, from cook, these meetings is to discuss the work of Pagans...... 13,280' laundress, Kaw, Oklahoma; James P. Navajo, Arizona, to assistant matron, the past year and lay out plans for the Methodists...... 8,855 Sherman, N*-w York, teacher, Morris, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Miss E. K. next. Religion unknown...... 7,994 Minnesota; Eleanor E. Senter, Missouri, Robert, from assistant matron, Albuquer­ There is nothing enjoyed more by the Presbyterians...... 1,054 seamstress, Ouray, Utah; E. K>tie Well que, New Mexico, to matron, Mescalero, Indians than this great meeting of friends Other Christian beliefs...... 1,581 man, South Dakota, laundress, Pierre, New Mexico. once a year to note the progress of the South Dakota; Allan T. St. Cla'r, Kan Promotions. church aud to confirm their belief in the niMrlbiitloii of schools. sas, principal teacher, Klamath, Oregon; Esther Mountford, Ft. Peck, Montana, Great Spirit, whom they had been wor­ The 273 Day, Boarding aud Industrial Manila S. Purman, Wisconsin seam seamtress to teacher; Huldith Watson, shipping before simply in another form Schools are distributed according to stress, Cheyenne River, South Dakota; Crow, Montana, assistant matron to m a­ Preparations are made months before the Provinces as follows: — Willie E. Bell, Tenne>see, kind r^arteu tron ; Katie C. Perry, Phoenix, Arizona, appointed time at the place of reunion, Ontario...... 77 White Earth, Minnesota:; Granvi 11 M assi-ta it seamstress to seamstress; Clara to gather provisions and to erect shelters Quebec...... 17 S. Cutler, Pn euix, Arizona, assistant Nova Scotia...... 8 Shelley, ludiaua, tailor, Carlit-1 •, P enn­ matron to nurse. or booths for the comfort of the crowds of sylvania; Thomas J. Murph\, Kansas, Christian workers, as these meetings are New Brunswick...... 6 Separations from Service. engineer, Pierre, South Dakota; Hannan held in the open air. The provisions P. E. Island...... 1 Stephen B.mdra, San'a Fe, New Mex­ P. Coughlan, North Dakota, assistant gathered for the delegates to the convoca­ British Columbia...... 38 ico, shoe aud harnessmaker; Albert G. matron, Grey Nuns, North Dakota; tion are generally collections of small Manitoba...... 54 Hunter, Round Valley, California, In­ Hattie E. Foster, California, bak r, Puy­ contributions, which the Indians have N. W. Territories...... 60 dustrial teacher; Laura K. M Seiurus, allup, Washington; Oliver L. Twist, denied themselves after receiving their Outside treaty lim its...... 12 Fort Shaw, Montana, nurse; Frauk F. North Dakota, engineer, Fort Totten, rations, that those who came from a dis­ Avery, Crow Creek, South Dakota, Su 273 North Dakota; Eddie S Meairs, Kansas, tance might cot be troubled about procur­ perintendent; Elmer Snyder, Carlisle, assistant engineer, Haskell Institute, ing food after a long, tiresome trip. I have Pennsylvania, tailor; Grant J. Grandpre, North West Nelf-Niipport. Kansas:; Mellie H. (Craig, Missouri, Chamberlain, South Dakota, carpenter known cases where heathen Indians gave assistant teacher, Bishop Day t^ehool Cali­ and blacksmith; Thomas J. Murphy, freely of the little they had rather than It has been officially stated that there fornia; Samuel A. M. Young, Kansas, Pierre, South Dakota, engineer; Susan see their guests in want. are 14,562 Indians settled on their reserves E McKeon, Osage, Oklahoma, principal teaeher Pine Ridge, (Day) South Dakota. tt-acher. The booths, ment ioned above, are indis­ in tne N. W. T. Of these 4,854 are rated Henry North, additional farmer, and pensable at such gatherings during the as self-supporting, and tbs other 9,708 are Joseph Williams, blacksmith, Cheyenne summer or fall months, when the heat on still receiving more or less assistance from and Arapahoe. Okla.; Charles Henry the western plains is sometimes unendur the Government in the way of rations and assistant wheelwright,Fort Apache, Ariz , able in a building. They are generally clothing The work of attempting to METLAKAHTLA. vice William Crocker, resigned:; Henry made of pine boughs suppoited by posts make North West Indians self-supporting Billing, blacksmith, Leech L.»ke, Minn.; raised eight or ten feet fr<>m the ground aud was begun in 1879, when Farming In­ Toe marvellous thiugs accomplished by covering au area of ab<>ut one hundred by structors were first sent out. Edward R iboin, interpreter, Nez Perce, God’s blessing on Mr. Duncan’s work seventy five feet. Speaking of the Indian work in the Idaho,vice Chas. Wesley Little, resigned ; among the M. t ak«h la Indians must b The journey to aud from the convoca­ North West, Mr. Sifton states that taking Hugh Hunter, interpreter, Omaha and an inspiration to all true-hearted Indian Winnebago, Nebr., vice James Alexander, tion is always enjoyed by the delegates as five as the average family, about 3>4 workers. A little more than ten years ago much as the convoca'iou itself. As South acres of land can be said to be under cul­ deceased; Frank Cross, laborer, Pine the whole Indian band rn >ved in a body Ridge, S. D ; Isaac W. ©wire, additional Dakota is a large state the distances be­ tivation by every Indian family. How­ from their beautiful little homes in Brit- tween some of the agencies are very long; ever, a considerable number of these In ­ farmer, Pueblo, N. M , vice W.ac aud Fox, Okla , vice Austin more is made in a wagon to reach the ap­ have no land under cultivation. hear from the lips of the noble-hearted Grant, resigned; Henry Weaver, assis ant pointed place of meeting. The incidents —[Progress missionary himself. He says: blacksmith, Southern Ute, Colo.; John on the road are various aud interesting. One of our first visitors was a hostile Cad itte and Maurice Martin, assistant It requires a day or two after the start FREE SPEECH. critic, who told us we could never do so carpenter, Charles Ramsey, assistant from nome to get the long train of various well for ourselves as we had done before blacksmith, and Robert D Marshall, as­ kinds of vehicles in some kind of order to moving. After the lapse of ten years he Edward Everett once concluded a sistant farmer, Standing Rock, N. D. be control! d by a leader. reappeared in our midst stately speech in Congress with a long, Indians Appointed. Early in the morning, before daylight, On this occasion we had a substantial eouorous and >*uperbly modulated citation the camp crier may be heard going his Le:la W. Hayden, to White Earth., wharf for him to laud on when he stepped of a passage from Tacitus, and then took rounds telling people to get up, to eat Minnesota, assistant matron; Leouard off the ocean steamer. We had about his seat. No sooner was he through than breakfast, and prepare for the day’s lyler, to Sac & fox Oklahoma, industrial three miles of good sidewalks, eight feet up sprang a burly member from the west. joun ey, or through the thin canvass of teacher; Hiram Kelley, to Round Valley, broad, on which he could parade: 129 good He had once been an Indian agent, aud the tents the scolding of some grandmother California, industrial teacher; Aunie houses, occupied by the natives, and each he began to pour out a vehement ha­ as the sleepy grandchild turns over for an­ Valley Prior, to Western Shoshone, Nev. built on a corner lot. rangue in Choctaw^. After a while the other nap. Then comes the incessant laundress; C. E. Dagenett to Carlisle, Back of the little town stands our beau Speaker called him to order. “ I don’t Pennsylvania, grinding of coffee all over the camp for a tiful church, which has a capacity for seat­ see why my freedom of speech should be few minutes, and soon smoke may be seen Indians Separated From Service. ing 800 people, also a large school build­ abridged,” he cried. “ You let the man curling up from the fifty or sixty tepees Victoria Ross, White Earth, Minne­ ing with its twelve gables, and a town from Massachusetts run on, and I didn’t which compose the camp. On pleasant sota, laundress; James G Blaine. Western hall, with separate apartments for the understand the first word of bis lingo any days after the tents have been packed and Shoshone, Nevada, laundryman ;Tom Sac town council, Sunday School teachers, better than he does .mine.” The scene breakfast is over the campers assemble in kathut, Hackberry, Arizona, assistant musicians, and library and reading-room. was comical, but it struck thedeath knell the centre of the camp for short prayers teacher; Nancy Nebraska, Grey Nuns, Near the beach is a guest-house for of further classical quotations in Congress. led by the missionary in charge, before the North Dakota, assistant matron. strangers, and mission premises to accom­ —[N. Y. Telegram. Transfers aud Promotions. modate two families aud twenty boarders .start is made. On rainy and chilly morn­ ings the stubbornness of the western mus­ Victor Bushy Head, from police private, under training, all which attracted him. tang is generally shown to advantage. LAWRIE TATUM AT REST. Cheyenne and Arapahoe, Okla., to black­ The industrial plant next invited his For a few moments before the start there smith, same agency; Nibs, from police attention. It consisted of a salmon can­ is some confusion caused by the backing Lawrie Tatum passed peacefully away, private, Cheyenne and Arapahoe, Okla , nery, employing in the salmon season up­ of ponies, which I must confess look like at his home in Springdale, Iowa, on the to assistant farmer, same agency; Dr. ward of 200 natives, and two steamers, rats in proportion to the loads they carry. 22d of First month. He was a “pillar’; George S. Davidson,from physician,L1 ech which are run and engineered by natives: After the noonday meal and rest the Friend, and the church has lost a veteran Lake, Minn., to similar position, La also, a sawmill of fifty horse-power, journey is resumed until about sunset, who knew how to use spiritual weapons Pointe, Wis., vice Dr. James H. Spencer, managed entirely by natives, and driven when the tents are pitched on grounds against strongholds. He was interested resigned; John H. Bear, from police pri­ by water-power conveyed in iron pipes selected by the camp leader, and so day in every department and line of Christ­ vate, Omaha and Winnebago, Nebr., to from a lake two atfd a half miles away, after day this tedious journey is kept up ian work. carpenter, same agency, vice Henry Har­ and 800 feet high. under the pitiless rays of the hot sun and The work which appealed most strongly den resigned; W. C. Smoot, from addi­ In addition to these he could see sever­ in the dust which seems to be ever in the tional farmer, Pueblo, N. M., to similar al general stores and workshops for boat­ to him was that for the education ami air. Often regular stops caunot be made position, Pine Ridge, S. D., vice Chas. building, etc., all owned and carried on Christianization of the Indians, and he by natives. The giant, forests of ten years since droughts dry up all the creeks aud was one of the foremost in working out Dalkenberger, resigned; Joseph Holz- springs. baner, from industrial teacher, Pierre before” had disappeared and the ground President Grant’s policy, and has After arriving at the convocation, School, S. D., to additional farmer, was producing vegetables and small labored throughout his life to help this Standing Rock Agency, N. D. fruits. grounds are assigned to the different bands native race. One of his last undertakings of Indians and food and fuel is then dis­ was the preparation of a history of the Transfers. On this gentleman’s return to the steamer he seemed humbled, and frankly tributed among them by the good people Indian work, under the title, “ Our Red Winfield S. Holsinger from teacher, confessed his surprise at the changes, of the agency where the meeting is held. Brothers; and the Peace Policy of Presi­ Santo Domingo, New Mexico, to teacher, for he saw that we had raised a home in After the arrival of Bishop Hare, the dent Grant.” He was favored to finish Gila Crossing, Arizona; Mattie A. Gil­ ten years far superior, in every way, to the one we left in British Columbia, beloved missionary of the Sioux Indiaus, this work before his strength was broken, man from seamstress Yakima, Washing­ which it had taken us twenty five years for several days meetings are held, attend­ and he lived to see the book before the ton, to assistant matron, Ft. Spokane, to build.—[Progress. ed by the delegates and interested parties. public.—[American Friend. a THE KED MAN—MARCH 1900 (From p»ge 5 ) Mr. Stephens of Texas was introduced particularly to his boys and girls, and I Paxton; Miss Eleanor T. Chester; Mrs. Gordon; in every phase of their varied character Mrs. Jackson; Mrs. Gray; E. P. Adams: J. Q. Ea­ and said in part: am very glad to do so. I am told there ton: Mrs.IsabelleWorrellBa.il; W S Field, Mr. are 18 500 persons booked to go to Alaska, I learned much of the Indian char­ Tn considering this great question which McPherson and friend, Indian office; Martin J. acter from one of the greatest men this to open up the gold fit Ids this summer, Bentley, Agent forKickapoo Indians. Oklahoma. we haye on our hands, the main consider­ which will tax the capacity of all the From Other Sections. country ever knew, and the best friend of ation is education. Without that we can vessels on the Pacific Ocean. Alaska has the Indian the United States ever had, Dr. Carlos Montezuma. Chicago: The Misses not fathom the great problem that con­ opened up new fields of labor, and let me Heyl, Camden. N. J.; Rev. Dr. Paton. returned a-k you a-* your friend to consider in your General George Crook, (Applause) who, fronts us. This school is the idea—it is Missionary from the New Hebrid*s, Rev. Dr. M. like your Superiniendent, spent years of future plans the possibility of y«’ur going Chamberlain, Cambridge, Mass.; Rev. Dr. James one of the greatest training schools in to these fields We want you in Alaska; Fraser, Dillsburg. Pa., for seven years mission­ his life on the frontier. I learned from ary among the Indians of New Mexico; Rev. E. America, and it is the right idea, for it we want your help; we want you to come Erskine, Newville, Pa.; Mrs. W. D. Hollowell and him that there was an innate honesty un trains the hand, the head and the heart there and begin schools; to become school friend. Mrs. Bennett. PennYan. New York; Mrs. derlying the character of the American eachers; to become preachers; to become Mary Tyson Peters. Mrs. Joel Conard. Miss Estelle These Indian boys and girls when they re­ Oonard. Miss E. B. Griest, Bessie Coser, Guernsey, Indian that speaks most strongly for him mechanics. We have thirty thou-and Pa ; Jenny Pope, South Carolina; 8. K. Felton. Jr., turn to their respective reservations, if natives in Alaska, and I want to say that Olney. Philadelphia: Miss Elizabeth D. Edge; as a man, upon which can certainly be they do return there, will become a part of •v°ry one of those natives is earning his Airs. Jacob Edge, and Mrs. Roberts, Downingtown built absolute success. There is no doubt Pa.; T, Norman Pyle, and Chester McClellan, the work of educating and civilizing their own living. (Applause) I think the London Grove, Pa.; Mrs. W. J. Scully. Edgewood of it. Tne American people are your future of Alaska is a very brilliant one, Park Pa.; Mrs. Senseney, Chambersburg. Mrs.C.R. race. One thing is needful, and I am en­ Massinger, Collingswood. N. J., Miss May Ilersher friends. There is no race or color preju­ hut we need the assistance which you can deavoring to secure the adoption of an give us. One of the great problems of and Miss Anna Meyers, Cross Roads, York Co., Pa.; dice against the Indians of the United Virginia R. Jamison and Eva F. Jamison. Jamison, Indian bill to that effect, and that is to the native people in Alaska is that they Pa.; Maryann Sharpless and Sarah Passmore, States, nowhere in the country. You Landenburg. Pa.; J. W. Vandegrift, Furlong. Pa.; require compulsory education. Another don’t know what they are, that is, they William Carter. Alice Carter, Lizzie Carter, Phebe have never been in any position to incur can’t have a mining claim in the gold matter of great importance is this: I be­ Roberts. West Chester, Pa.; Bertha Sterling, Tren­ race hatred. There has never existed be fields. That, it seems to me, is not right ton, N. J.; Miss. Ella S. Hart and Miss Nellie Mor­ lieve that we should destroy the tribal re­ and I mean to state the facts to Congress gan, Hatboro, Pa., Mr. and Mrs. Merrill, lady friend tween you and the white people that con­ and daughter. Moor's. Phila.; Mrs. W. P. White, lation of these Indians at the earliest pos­ As I said the ot her day I am going to lo­ Phila.; Mrs. W. S. McKeehan daughter and friends, dition of slavery out of which grew and sible moment. (Applause) In doing that cate an Esquimau on a mining claim and Mt, Rock, Pa.; Miss Anna Balderston, Colora. Md.; generated the feeling by the white race then test the law whether he has any Mr. G eorge F ox, R ising Sun, Md.; Mr. G eorge W ag­ yon will place upon them individual re­ ner and brother, Bendersville, Pa.; Richard Heyl, against the black race. They recognize right there or not, for I am very clear that C am den, N. J.; Misses Nancy Seneca and Katie sponsibility; you will destroy the power he has as much right to a mining claim ar Grindrod, Phila.; Reginald Oshkosh and brother, you as a people of great natural and in of the chief and the medicine man, and anybody el-e ( Applause.) Wisconsin.; Six Indian girls from Lincoln Insti­ nate strength ; a people that can progress. tute, Phila. among them Prudence Eaglefeather more than that, you will give Cailisle Major P ratt: We have upon the plat­ and Miss McLaughlin. But if you succeed it must be by the in­ form Miss Reel, the Superintendent of School and Hampton School a ehance to Parents ami Relatives of the Graduates. dividual effort of every man and every Indian Schools, and Dr. Chamberlain advance the idea that is carried on in from Brazil and a number of others, but Mrs. Lillian Kennedy, Gowanda, N. Y.; Mrs. Hattie woman among you in the ordinary, prac these schools. (Applause) it i-< too late. Poodry, Miss E lla Snyder, Mr. and Mrs. Isa a c S en ­ tical affairs of life, and it must be by eca. Ulysses Kennedy, Hiram Hare, Grin .Timeson, Another great scheme is the question of Here the Band struck up “The Star- Mrs. Lillian Silverheels, Versailles. N. Y. Mrs. Doc­ WORK. Spangled Banner,” and the audience dis­ tor. Miss Sadie Poodry, Miss Olive Printup, and irrigation. I know over in Arizona where Mrs. Lucy Skye. Akron. N. Y .; Mrs. Oriel Arm­ If you stand by us we will stand by you, the Pimas and other Indians lived first, persed. strong. Irving. N. Y ; Mrs. Tillie Jimeson and Mrs. Priscilla Jimeson, Allegheny, N. Y.; Mr. James so that what is being done for you is appre­ they w'ere able to live by irrigation. Tile Tourtellot, Wisconsin. ciated and bearing fruit We will stand white mau came along and used this wa­ OUR VISITORS. by your people. Your brothers and your ter for mining purposes, and totally de stroyed the purposes for which the In sisters shall have equal opportunities; dian used it. Our Government should Those Who Came on Tuesday. THE RED MAN. they will be given opportunities through build reservoirs there, and give these In­ Dr. M. W. Stryker. President Hamilton College. which they can reach every avenue of dians nnpioyment, in diggiug the ditches, New York. General John Eaton. Ex-Commissioner of Education of United States, Washington. D. C., PUBLISHED MONTHLY, IN THE INTEREST OF human enjoyment, and I hope that the and in that way he can make a living on Mrs C. R. Agnew and Miss Parks, New York; Mr the reservation. To recapitulate, we George Vaux. Jr., and Miss Vaux, Phila.; Miss INLIAN EDUCATION AND CIVILIZATION. day is not far distant when you and > out- -hould throw open the re-ervaiions and Hippie, Lock Haven, Pr. children will say with us “not my ooun destroy the trib»l relations; we should On Wednesday, from Washington. The Mechanical W«rl Done by try but our country” because we are all open up the reservations for mining pur INDIAN BOYS. Senator and Mrs. .T. W. Thurston, of Nebraska, Americans, under a common civilization poses; e should give ihe Indians irriga­ and Miss Brock way. Boston; Senator and Mrs. J. tion, and should further enforce compul V. Quarles, Wisconsin; Senator and Mrs. Porter J. and for a common purpose. [Applause.] sory education on every father and moth McCumber. N. Dakota; Senator Bard. Calif. Hon. TERMS: Fifty Cents a Year. b ddy Jno. H. Stephens, H. R. T exas; Hon. C. D S h el­ M E , of Minnesota, a member of er (Applause) don. H. R , Mich.. Mrs. and Miss Sheldon; Hon F. Five cents a single copy. the House Committee on Indian Affairs, Maj Pratt: Just one more. I am not M. Eddy, H.R., Minn., and Mrs. Eddy; Hon. J. R. going to let a gentleman come all the way T hayer, H. R.. M ass., and Mrs. T hayer; Hon. John M a i l e d t h e f i f t e e n t h o f e a c h was asked to speak. He said that he was F. Lacey, H. R..Iowa, and Miss Lacey; Hon. Dennis from Alaska to see this Farlisle Com Flynn, Delegate from Oklahoma, and Miss Flynn; MONTH not a speech-maker, but gave a very en mencement and not give him an oppor­ Dr. Merrill E. Gates. Secretary Board of Indian tertaining talk to the students. He said tunity to speak. I know t* at the boys Commissioners; Miss Estelle Reel. Superintendent of United States Indian Schools; Miss Hawkinson. A.ddress all business correspondence to that Carlisle was his adopted alma maier, and girU here 1'ke to hear him; h« has Mr. M cH aeg. T he M isses Shoup, Mr. and Mrs E. C. as there were more boys and girls in his been he re before He is an ideal of ours Snyder. Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Hamilton. Sioux City M. B itrgess, district who had graduated from Carlisle at Carlisle Governor Brady of Alaska Jou rn al; Mr. and Mrs. W. D. D aniels. St. L ouis Re­ Supt. of Printing, than from any other eastern college He Governor B rady: public; Mr. and Mrs. F. A. John son; Mr. and Mrs. Jermaine. Minneapolis Journal; Mr. Crocker. Au­ CARLISLE, PA. regarded this institution as a great storage When I l<>ok out at the snow I think I g u sta C hronicle; Mr. and Mrs. B enjam in V ail: Mr. battery, out of which must come the ulti­ am in Alaska, and I feel like sayimr *‘I John Hollingsworth; Mr. Loyd Heflin; Hon. John H. B radyi Governor of Alaska; Rev. Dr. Sheldon Entered as second class matter in the Carlisle mate uplifting and civilization of the In­ welcome you to Alaska ” Now, Major Jackson. Commissioner of Education for Alaska, dian people. Pratt wishes me to say a few words more and Mrs.' Jack son ; Miss A lice R obertson; Mrs Post Office.

CLASS 1900, INDIAN St HOOL CARLISLE, PA.

-*oh n T eeple. J oseph Sc h o ld er . S ara L. K en n ed y. J oh n 8 . W ar r en . N ettie R. P ierce. J ohn A l l e n . K aythr en S il v e r h e e l s . F rank T e e p le. J acob A. H o r n e. (Chippewa) (Mission) (Seneca) (Chippewa) (Senecal (Clallam) (Seneca) (Chippewa) (Klamath) M aym e R y a n . C h ar les C o r so n . E m ily A. C la r k . Isaac S en eca. C h ar les A. R o b e r ts. F an n ie A. H ar r is. A rtie E. M il l e r . B er th a E. P ierce. V irginia E. T urkey D aisy F. D o c to r . (Assinaboine) (Plegan) (Cheyenne) (Seneca) (Chippewai (Sac and Fox) (Stockbridge) (Seneca) (Seneca) (Seneca) J ohn L u fk in s . G u y W. J o n es. G eorge F. M uscoe. L illia n M. F er r is. G eorge H. W elc h . W esson M urdock. D avid H. A braham. M ary E. W o l f e . P as q u a la A nderson. A br saac. F rank D. B ea l e. (Chippewa) (Sioux) (Chippewa) (Klamath) (Stockbridgei (Assinaboine) (Chippewa) (Cherokee) (Mission) (Chippewa) (Clallam) S usan Y upe (Shoshone). A lice B. M cC a r th y (Chippewa). M ary M. Barada (Omaha). R ose T. P oodre (Seneca) C onstance L an e (Summie) N ancy 0. C o r n el iu s (Oneida)