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The Experience of Japanese Americans in the United Japanese

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The Experience of Japanese Americans in the United Japanese DOCUMENT RESUME ED 115 703 95 OD 015 495 TITLE The Experience of Japanese Americans in the United States: A Teacher Resource Manual. INSTITUTION Japanese American Citizens League, San Francisco, Calif. SPONS AGENCY Bureau of Postsecondary Education (DHEW/OE), Washington, D.C. Div. of International Education. PUB DATE [74) GRANT OEG-0-74-9155 NOTE 186p.; This document is not available in hard copy due to the size of print in substantial parts of the original document AVAILABLE FROMJapanese American Citizens League, National Headquarters, 1765 Sutter Street, San Francisco, California 94115 (Price not quoted) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 Plus Postage. HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Annotated Bibliographies; Asian Americans; Cultural Factors; Equal Opportunities (Jobs); Ethnic Groups; Generation Gap; Guides; Immigrants; Instructional Aids; *Instructional Materials; Japanese American Culture; *Japanese Americans; *Manuals; Reference Materials; *Resource Materials; Social History; Student Developed Materials; Teacher Developed Materials; *Teaching Guides ABSTRACT This manual is considered to be comprised of interesting resource materials to be used to stimulate teachers, community members, and others concerned with education in order to become more conscious of Japanese Americans and their role in American society. The manual includes a section on history and contemporary concerns of Japanese Americans, suggested instructional activities for grades K-12, an annotated bibliography on teachers and student resources, an annotated bibliography on multi-media resources, and other annotated resource materials concerning Japanese Americans. Among the issues discussed are those concerning the Issei, the Nisei, the mass evacuation of persons of Japanese ancestry, U.S. - Japan relations in international politics, the elderly., redevelopment and urban renewal, legal rights, feminism, inter-marriage, and equal employment opportunities. (Author/AM) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best Copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. *********************************************************************** THE EXPERIENCE OF JAPANESE AMERICANS IN THE UNITED STATES: A Teacher Resource Manual LC) US DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH, Q>. EDUCATION &WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF .-4...*. EDUCATION SEEN REPRO THIS DOCUMENT HAS DUCED EXACTL Y ASRECEIVED FROM ORIGIN tr) THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION OR OPINIONS ACING IT POINTS OF VIEW REPRE STATED 00 NOT NECESSARILY INSTITUTE OF V SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL f, EDUCATION POSITION ORPOLICY THE EXPERIENCE OF JAPANESE AMERICANS IN THE UNITED STATES: A TEACHER RESOURCE MANUAL This manual has been developed, prepared, printed and distributed by an Advisory Council to the Ethnic Heritage Project of the Japanese American Citizens League under a grant OEG No. 0-74-9155. Request for information concerning this manual should be ad- dressed to: Japanese American Citizens League National Headquarters 1765 Sutter Street San Francisco, California 94115 Regional Offices: Washington, D.C. Japanese American Citizens League 1730 Rhode Island Avenue, N.W. Suite 204 Washinton, D.C. 20038 Chicago, Illinois Japanese American Citizens League 5415 North Clark Street Chicago, Illinois 60640 Portland, Oregon Japanese American Citizens League 327 N.W. Couch Street Portland, Oregon 97209 Fresno, California Japanese American Citizens League 738 Tenaya Way Fresno, California 93710 Los Angeles, California Japanese American Citizens League 125 Weller Street Los Angeles, California 90012 This project presented or reported herein was performed pursuant to a grant from the U.S. Office of Education, Departnient of Health, Education & Welfare to the Japanese American Citizens League. However, the opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the U.S. Office of Education or the Japanese American Citizens League. No official endorsement of the U.S. office of Education or the Japanese American Citizens League should be inferred. 42 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Ethnic Heritage Advisory Council, consultants and project staff wish to acknowledge the effort and contributions of thenumerous indi 'duals parents. teachers, community groups and organizations who expressed an interest in the project and who worked together to develop the final product. Without this additional assistance, the project would not have been completed. To all these individuals- many thanks! Graphics: Aizawa Associates, San Francisco, California. i 3 ETHNIC HERITAGE ADVISORY COUNCIL Ms. Jeanette Arakawa Mr. Tsukasa Matsueda Ms. Carol Choye Ms. Mildred Miya Professor Russell Endo Ms. Kathy Reyes Ms. Lorna Hill Mr. Dale Shimasaki Professor Charles Igawa Mr. Henry Tanaka Mr. George Kiriyama Professor Izumi Taniguchi Rev. Mas Kodani Dr. Mary Watanabe Professor Junji Kumamoto CONSULTANTS TO THE PROJECT Dr. Eleanor Blumenberg Dr. Franklin Odo Professor Donald Estes Mr. Leland Shimada Dr. Asa Hilliard Dr. Belle Ruth Witkin Ms. Mako Nakagawa National Officers of the Japanese American Citizens League Shigeki Sugiyama, President James Murakami, President-Elect Grayce Uyehara, V.P. for General Operations Izumi Taniguchi, V.P. for Public Affairs Helen Kawagoe, V.P. for Public Affairs Tad Hirota, V.P. for Membership Services Tomio Moriguchi, Treasurer Frank Iwama, Legal Counsel James K. Tsujimura, District Governor Wesley Doi, District Governor Michio Uchiyama, District Governor Masamune Kojima, District Governor George Kimura, District Governor Mits Kawamoto, District Governor Lillian Kimura, District Governor Vernon Ichisaka, District Governor David E. Ushio, Executive Director Project Staff Patricia J. Nakano Valerie N. Jew 6 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements Preface listorical arid contemporary Narrative Introduction The Dual Legacy Isser The First Japanese Immigrants Ante Japanese Campaign. Political, Economic and Social Forces Aftermath of the Russo-Japanese War. The Gentlemen's Agreement The Furor Over the "Picture Brides' The Exclusion Movement California Alien Land Law Cultural Roots. A Source of Strength The Evo lutin of Japanese Communities Nisei' The Second Generation The Mass Evacuation of Persons of Japanese Ancestry Challenging the Constitutionality of the Evacuation and Relocation U.S. v. Hirabayashi and U.S. v. Yasui U.S. v. Korematsu U.S. v. Endo A Search for Alternatives: loyalty or Dissent? Contemporary Issues U.S -Japan Relations in International Politics and Ecomonics Equal Employment Opportunities the Elderly Redevelopment and Urban Renessal "Beyond the Melting Pot" Ethnic Studies Political Participation Thud World Efforts literature, Arts and the Media legal Rights Feminism The Quest for Identity Intermarriage summary II Notes on Instructional Activities A suggested Activities and Resources (Grades K- 3) B suggested Activities and Resource (Grades 4.6) C. suggested A( tivities and Resources (Grades 73) I')suggested A( twities arid Resources (Grades 9.12) III. Annotated Bibliography IV Annotated MultMedia Materials V Annotated listing of Resource Materials 7 5 PREFACE The Ethnic Heritage Project has developed a teacher resource manual pertaining to the experience of Americans of Japanese ancestry for two major reasons: 1)it has been demonstrated that existing instructional materials and educational programs either do not accurately or adequately include the history, experiences and achievements of Japanese Americans in the United States and:or portray persons of Japanese ancestry in a distorted or stereotypic fashion; and 2)that there is a critical need to begin to incorporate the Japanese American expenence in a meaningful context Into the total instructional framework of the educational system if we are to give more than lipservice to the concepts of cultural pluralism and multicultural education. The Ethnic Heritage Project responded by developing a teacher re- source manual that hopefully will go beyond the library shelves and into the classroom. The project attempted to create a practical, informa- tive, and interesting resource manual that will stimulate teachers, community members and others concerned with education to become more conscious of Japanese Americans and their role in American society. The manual includes a section on the history and contemporary concerns of Japanese Americans, suggested instructional activities for grades K-12, annotated bibliography (teachers and student resources), annotated Multi-Media Resources, and other Annotated Resource Materials concerning Japanese Americans. HISTORICAL AND COMTEMPORARY NARRATIVE The manuals treatment of the historical and contemporary experiences of Japanese Americans is not intended to serve as a definitive nor comprehensive interpretation of Japanese American history. Rather, the project, within limited space, has attempted to provide a balanced portrayal of the history, experiences, aspirations, problems, successes S 6 and failures of Japanese Americans as people. The interpretation may raise questions, heated disagreements or concurrence. Above all, the project
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