DOCSLIB.ORG

The Greek Revival in the United States

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Greek Revival in the United States THE GREEK REVIVAL IN THE UNITED STATES A SPECIAL LOAN EXHIBITION \<W November 9 —March 1 1943 THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART LIST OF LENDERS MRS. J. INSLEY BLAIR THE BROOKLYN MUSEUM THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK MISS CLARA LIVINGSTON CHEESMAN OGDEN CODMAN COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY THE COOPER UNION MUSEUM FOR THE ARTS OF DECORATION THE ESTATE OF GEORGE DREW EGBERT MRS. WILLIS FIELD THE GRAND LODGE OF FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS OF PENNSYLVANIA THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA MRS. JOHN DAVID LANNON FRANCIS H. MARKOE THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY THE MUSEUM OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK THE MUSEUM OF COSTUME ART, NEW YORK THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES THE NEW-YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY THE ESTATE OF MRS. STEPHEN H. P. PELL THE PHILADELPHIA MUSEUM OF ART THE RHODE ISLAND SCHOOL OF DESIGN, THE MUSEUM OF ART MRS. H. MONTAGUE ROBERTSON THE ROCHESTER MEMORIAL ART GALLERY MRS. J. WEST ROOSEVELT MRS. J. WRIGHT RUMBOUGH MRS. ARCHIBALD SHRADY THE NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION THE WESTERN RESERVE HISTORICAL SOCIETY <j THE YALE UNIVERSITY ART GALLERY THE YALE UNIVERSITY ART GALLERY, THE MABEL BRADY GARVAN COLLECTION THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY MRS. EFREM ZIMBALIST INTRODUCTORY NOTE During most of the last century, from Maine West brought an urgent need for new dwell­ to California, temple-like structures sprang ings, churches, courthouses, and capitols. In up in which our first American-born profes­ this broader political economy commercial sional architects strove to incorporate the buildings, stores, factories, and mills were grandeur, strength, and symmetry of ancient necessary for the new developments in home Greek buildings. The very names of new industries, and these gave scope to the new towns echoed the pervading enthusiasm for architecture. things Greek—Athens, Corinth, Sparta, and A more immediate bond between Greece Syracuse. The first evidence of this return to and the United States was the War of Inde­ Greece for inspiration was Latrobe's Bank of pendence against the Turks in 1824, which Pennsylvania, built in Philadelphia in 1800, awoke the emotional and romantic impulses the portico being adapted from the east of our citizens, many of whom had lived facade of the Erechtheum; the last may well through the Revolution in a similar struggle have been the Crystal Palace Saloon, built at for political freedom. Lord Byron's death at Tombstone, Arizona, in 1878. Missolonghi gave emphasis to a noble cause. The Greek temple as a model stirred the Nicholas Biddle, a rich, cultivated, and imagination of the early American builders socially popular Philadelphian, was the first because by its associations it paralleled the American actually to see the classic buildings ideal of a new and vigorous democracy. The of Greece. His published praise aroused Greek style was a simple one based entirely widespread interest, and was the forerunner on the column and lintel, without the intrica­ of numerous books illustrating architectural cies of arches, vaults, and domes that devel­ designs in the Greek taste. They stemmed oped in Roman days. Not only the trained largely from the first two volumes of the architects in metropolitan centers but the famous Antiquities of Athens published by skilled carpenters working from design books Stuart and Revett in London in 1762 and in obscure villages found a system of building 1782; this work was a fountain of knowledge both dignified and practical. and provided the first precise information Since the first settlements at Jamestown here of pure Greek form. The American and Plymouth the roots of colonial architec­ books began with John Haviland's Builders' ture had been chiefly English, but the War Assistant (Philadelphia, 1818-1821) and of 1812 weakened the mutual ties between continued with numerous publications by England and the United States. The burning Asher Benjamin in Boston and Philadelphia, of the President's house and the Capitol John Hall in Baltimore, and Minard Lafever caused particularly deep resentment and in New York, all of which appeared in many made the break complete for a time. With editions over a period of years, up to 1856. the close of the war came a period of national These books and the actual remaining expansion. New prosperity in the South fol­ buildings prove that the Greek Revival lowing Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton emerged as a more literal interpretation of gin and the heavy migrations from the At­ classicism than the Roman style favored by lantic seaboard to Ohio, Michigan, and the Jefferson, Bulfinch, Hallet, Hoban, McComb, and others who followed the first beginnings of the Graeco-Egyptian style, it was "an made by the Adam brothers. However, in association of all the elegancies of antique spite of a nearer approach to classic sources, forms and ornaments with all the requisites of the numerous architects who advanced the modern customs and habits" . "capable of cause of the new style interpreted Greek ennobling, through means of their shape and forms with a complete freedom from archaeo­ their accessories, things so humble in their logical restraint. On state capitols, country chief purpose and destination as a table and churches, plantation houses, and modest cot­ a chair, a footstool and a screen." His book, tages alike, the pillared portico, the carved Household Furniture and Interior Decora­ capital, and the crisp, formal ornament show tion, illustrated from his own collection, pays their origin clearly, but the variations are in­ tribute to the style: "Freedom now consoli­ finite. This adaptation, in every environment, dated in France has restored the pure taste of of antique form to new material bred our first the antique Greek for chairs." Five years national style of architecture. earlier, in 1802, the first publications of Many of the public and domestic temple- Pierre la Mesangere's Meubles et objets de form buildings still contribute an austere, gout included illustrations that were the dignified quality to the American commu­ source of some of Hope's furniture. Amer­ nity. The names of numerous builders are ican cabinetmakers made steady use of these known to us—James Bucklin, Ithiel Town, books for patterns, together with George and Alexander Jackson Davis of New Eng­ Smith's Collection of Designs for Household land and New York; Benjamin Latrobe in Furniture . .. (1808), Rudolph Ackermann's Philadelphia and the South and his pupil Repository of Arts . (1809-1828), and the William Strickland, who later worked in architects C. Percier and P. F. L. Fontaine's Tennessee; Robert Mills, the protege of Jef­ Recueil de decorations interieures (1812). ferson, in Washington and South Carolina; Many French cabinetmakers were busy, par­ Gideon Shryock of Kentucky; Jonathan ticularly in New York and Philadelphia; Goldsmith of Ohio; Thomas Ustick Walter Charles Honore Lannuier, John Gruez, and of Philadelphia and Washington; William Anthony Quervelle, to mention only a few, Jay and Henry McAlpin in Georgia; James were contemporaries of the better-known Dakin and James Gallier in New York and men Duncan Phyfe, Michael Allison, George Louisiana. These were the outstanding men W. Miller, and Joseph Barry. By 1840, with in the movement. the publication in Baltimore of John Hall's Cabinet-Makers' Assistant, the architectural In the decorative arts Greek and Roman style in furniture—developed with taste and motifs are freely mingled to produce the imagination and usually enriched with gilded "antique style," as the contemporary design­ carving and bronze appliques—gave way be­ ers described it. In the words of Thomas fore the massive undulating curves of ma­ Hope, a rich Dutch amateur who traveled hogany veneer with their warning of the widely for years in Greece, Egypt, and Sicily thick Victorian vegetation to come. before settling in England as the champion JOSEPH DOWNS The photograph of the Maguire house at Alexandria, Virginia, shown on the cover, is by Miss Frances B. Johnston. 1. Drawing (1798) by Benjamin Latrobe for the Bank of Pennsylvania, built in Philadelphia in 1800. Lent by the Maryland Historical Society I I *U.C"t-- Xi. 2. Drawing of the Connecticut State House, built 1827-1831, and Buildings at Yale College. In­ scribed : A. /. Davis. Lent by the Yale University Library • ' *'"'* ami '-7/ss/// y't i / /-. iU»/. ///'//S/t ///<- . i Je^/tn.'eu. t','. //> *:-/;./'.• /e?2S. r ^ . ^^» • 'ttMW " l££3MKC ""TMl ~ JF^ ^T ^^ ^| i / 1 -6^' -r-T-r—*fc 3. Drawing for the house of James Hillhouse, New Haven, Conn. Lent by the Yale University Library Drawing of the old State House at Frankfort, Ky., built 1827-1828, by Gideon Shryock, the archi­ tect. Photograph courtesy of the Kentucky State Historical Society 5. Drawing for a business block by the architect Jonathan Goldsmith. Lent by the Western Reserve Historical Society 6. Drawing by Jonathan Goldsmith of the Geauga Bank in Paines- ville, Ohio, built about 1835. Lent by the Western Reserve Historical Society 7. Drawing, possibly for the house of James Hillhouse, built in 1829 in New Haven, Conn. Lent by the Yale University Library The Second Bank of the United States in Philadelphia, designed by William Strickland and built in 1818. Engraving by F. Kearny, 1824. Lent by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania 9. Corn columns in the vestibule of the old Senate wing of the Capitol, Wash­ ington. Designed by Benjamin Latrobe in 1807. Photograph by I. T. Frary 10. Tobacco capitals in the small rotunda of the old Senate wing of the Capitol, Washington. Designed by Benjamin Latrobe in 1817. Photo­ graph by I. T. Frary pa a, 1 M M ti u 60 O •j-> O _c CM -4-> J3 o d F 00 3 "3 60 U "o O T3 O o E 3 O o .£1 Q, n3 L; 60 O -4-> o c 'a, < c E 3 a rd C C > CO C 60 F 13.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Origins of the University of Louisville
    ORIGINS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE BY WILLIAM CASSELL MALLALIEU Professor of History, University of Louisville Read before The Filson Club, March 1, 1937 The University of Louisville originated in two separate institutions, both of which were founded by the City of Louisville in 1837: the Louisville Medical Institute and the Collegiate Institute of Louisville. It is the oldest of the institutions now known as municipal universities and this year, beginning April 3 [1937], will celebrate its centennial., The school was chartered as a municipal university in 1846, but, as we shall see, it failed to receive annual support from the City until 1910. This paper is an attempt to explain the origins of the University of Louisville and its relations with the City government during the early years of its existence. Why did the City of Louisville start a municipal university in-18377 The answer is found in the conditions of the time and in the personal motives which were both an index and a reflection of the conditions. The period between 1810 and 1840 was one of expansion, of economic, pohtical, and intellectual growth. The population of the United States doubled in these three decades and most of the increase was in the West along the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers and their branches. The West of 1812 had consisted of only four states--Ohio, Kentucky, Ten- nessee, and Lonisiana--and these only partly settled. By 1840 there were eleven Western States, and settlement was practi- cally solid out to the Great Plains and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf.
    [Show full text]
  • A Political Perch: a Historical Analysis and Online Exhibit of the U.S. Senate Clerk's Desk
    Western Kentucky University TopSCHOLAR® Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects Honors College at WKU 2020 A Political Perch: A Historical Analysis and Online Exhibit of the U.S. Senate Clerk's Desk Olivia Bowers Western Kentucky University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/stu_hon_theses Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, Museum Studies Commons, and the Political History Commons Recommended Citation Bowers, Olivia, "A Political Perch: A Historical Analysis and Online Exhibit of the U.S. Senate Clerk's Desk" (2020). Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects. Paper 838. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/stu_hon_theses/838 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by TopSCHOLAR®. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects by an authorized administrator of TopSCHOLAR®. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A POLITICAL PERCH: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS AND ONLINE EXHIBIT OF THE U.S. SENATE CLERK’S DESK A Capstone Project Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Arts with Mahurin Honors College Graduate Distinction at Western Kentucky University By Olivia R. Bowers May 2020 ***** CE/T Committee: Dr. Guy Jordan, Chair Prof. Kristina Arnold Dr. Jennifer Walton-Hanley Copyright by Olivia R. Bowers 2020 I dedicate this thesis to my parents, Clinton and Dawn Bowers, for teaching me that pursuing my dreams can help others in the process. I would also like to thank Dr. Guy Jordan, a teacher, mentor, and friend, for believing in me and encouraging me to aim for the seemingly impossible.
    [Show full text]
  • 3. Classification 4. Owner of Property
    NFS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (3-82) Exp. 10-31-84 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service For NPS use only National Register of Historic Places received mjp Inventory Nomination Form date entered JAN I 0 I985 See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms Type all entries complete applicable sections________________ 1. Name historic and/or common CQLBURN PARK HISTORIC DISTRICT 2. Location North, South, East, West Park Street; 3 Camp ell St.; street & number j School St.; 1 Bank St.; 9-10 Lebanon Mall 11^"0* for publication city, town Lebanon, n/_a_ vicinity of state New Hampshire code 055 county Grafton code 009 3. Classification Category Ownership Status Present Use _JL district public _X_ occupied __ agriculture museum building(s) private unoccupied X commercial X park structure X botn work in progress educational X private residence site Public Acquisition Accessible entertainment X religious object in process yes: restricted X government scientific being considered JX__ yes: unrestricted industrial transportation X n/a no military other: 4. Owner of Property name (see enclosed multiple ownershi list 1-4-1 street & number city, town vicinity of state 5. Location of Legal Description Grafton County Courthouse courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Grafton County Registry of Deeds P.O. Box 208 street & number city, town Woodsville, state New Hampshire 05875 6. Representation in Existing Surveys title Lebanon* S Historic Resource has this property been determined eligible? yes no Survey date 1984 federal state county X local depository for survey records np p Rr y a i 1py - .qim apee Council city, town Lebanon, state New Hampshire Condition Check one Check one excellent deteriorated unaltered _X_ original site _X- good ruins X altered moved date N/A fair '"-.
    [Show full text]
  • "Amiable" Children of John and Sarah Livingston Jay by Louise V
    The "Amiable" Children of John and Sarah Livingston Jay by Louise V. North © Columbia's Legacy: Friends and Enemies in the New Nation Conference at Columbia University and The New-York Historical Society, Dec. 10, 2004 Sarah Jay wrote her husband [Oct. 1801]: "I have been rendered very happy by the company of our dear children . I often, I shd. say daily, bless God for giving us such amiable Children. May they long be preserved a blessing to us & to the community." Who were these 'amiable' children, and what were they like? The happy marriage of John and Sarah Jay produced six children: Peter Augustus, born in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1776; Susan, born and died in Madrid after only a few weeks of life, in 1780; Maria, born in Madrid in 1782; Ann, born in Paris in 1783, William and Sarah Louisa, born in NYC in 1789 and 1792 respectively. As you can see by the birthplaces of these children, their parents played active parts on the stage of independence, doing what needed to be done, wherever it needed to be done, at the end of a colonial era and the birth of a new nation. John Jay held a greater variety of posts than any other Founding Father, posts he insisted he did not seek but felt it his duty to his country to assume. Sarah Livingston Jay, brought up in a political household, was a strong support to her husband, astutely networking with the movers and shakers of the time (as a look at her Invitation Lists of 1787–1788 shows).
    [Show full text]
  • Architect of the Capitol: Evolution and Implementation of the Appointment Procedure
    Architect of the Capitol: Evolution and Implementation of the Appointment Procedure Updated September 1, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41074 SUMMARY R41074 Architect of the Capitol: Evolution and September 1, 2021 Implementation of the Appointment Ida A. Brudnick Specialist on the Congress Procedure According to its website, the Architect of the Capitol (AOC) is responsible “for the operations and care of more than 18.4 million square feet of facilities, 570 acres of grounds and thousands of works of art.” Pursuant to the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1990, the Architect is appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. Prior to the enactment of this law, the President appointed the Architect for an unlimited term with no formal role for Congress. The act also established a 10-year term for the Architect as well as a bicameral, bipartisan congressional commission to recommend candidates to the President. As subsequently amended in 1995, this law provides for a commission consisting of 14 Members of Congress, including the Speaker of the House, the President pro tempore of the Senate, the House and Senate majority and minority leaders, and the chair and ranking minority members of the Committee on House Administration, the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, and the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations. An Architect may be reappointed. Alan M. Hantman was the first Architect appointed under the revised appointment procedure. He declined to seek reappointment and served from January 30, 1997, to February 4, 2007. Stephen T. Ayers, who served as Acting Architect of the Capitol following Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Clarkson Family Of
    The Clarkson Family of Potsdam By Margurite Gurley Chapman POTSDAM, NEW YORK i958 f oPewoPd To the Reader: I have written this brief story of the Clarksons in Potsdam and their fore-bears in hopes it will answer some of the questions in your mind concerning the family. I suggest that the reader consult the accompanying geneology frequently as the names are often repeated and it is a problem to keep the various Davids, Matthews, Levinuses, Elizabeths and Ann Marys straight. It will help clarify the different families and their relationships. If you follow the spaces from left to right, you will be able to tell which Clarksons were in the same generation, which ones were brothers or whether they were cousins. I am indebted to Clarkson College for their cooperation in loan­ ing me material and pictures, to Mrs. Frederick Ramsdell for ma­ terial she obtained for me, to Mrs. Lloyd Keller, curator of the Potsdam Public Museum, for books and loans. My one regret is that more material is not available, but what there is, I hope you will find interesting. Marguerite Gurley Chapman June, 1958. "Holcroft'' as it was built by John C. Clarkson in 1821-2., before the mansard roof was added. This was copied from a picture on the edge of a map of Potsdam dated 1853. 'Property of L. Clarkson.' "Hofcroft11 as it appeors today with the mansard roof which was added at somet!me after 1853 by T. Streatfeild Clarkson. Residence of David L. Clarkson which was built about 1836. It is now the Merritt Apartmenfs, Leroy Street.
    [Show full text]
  • Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
    THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME LXV APRIL, 1941 NUMBER TWO Some Qree\T(evival Architects of Philadelphia HILADELPHIA saw alike the birth and the death of Greek Revival architecture in America: its birth in the Bank of Penn- Psylvania, which Latrobe designed in the spring of 17985 its death—or should one say its final swan song?—in the Ridgeway Branch of the Library Company, designed in the 1870's by Addison Hutton, far out on South Broad Street. And, in the years between, several of the most important Greek Revival architects in the coun- try established their homes in Philadelphia, found there a most profitable field for their activity, and designed for it some of the most remarkable of its buildings. Latrobe, Mills, Strickland, Havi- land, and Walter all contributed much to the appearance of the growing city, and in the work of all, whether it was strictly Greek or not, the ideals of the new architectural movement were enshrined. It is not strange that this should have been the case. Philadelphia was, in the early years of the Republic, the undoubted metropolis of the country. It was, in its own characteristic staid way, the center of culture and of art. Boston was still, in architecture, largely under the sway of English late-Georgian inspiration, so beautifully re-created in New England in the domestic work of Bulfinch, the exquisite 121 122 TALBOT HAMLIN April interiors of Mclntire, and the early handbooks of Asher Benjamin. New York, struggling out of the devastation caused by the long British occupation, was still dominated by the transitional work of John McComb, Jr., the Mangins, and such architects as Josiah Brady and the young Martin Thompson; Greek forms were not to become popular there till the later 1820's.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Revolutionary War Soldiers Buried in Kentucky
    Vol. 41, No. 2 Winter 2005 kentucky ancestors genealogical quarterly of the Perryville Casualty Pink Things: Some Revolutionary Database Reveals A Memoir of the War Soldiers Buried True Cost of War Edwards Family of in Kentucky Harrodsburg Vol. 41, No. 2 Winter 2005 kentucky ancestors genealogical quarterly of the Thomas E. Stephens, Editor kentucky ancestors Dan Bundy, Graphic Design Kent Whitworth, Director James E. Wallace, Assistant Director administration Betty Fugate, Membership Coordinator research and interpretation Nelson L. Dawson, Team Leader management team Kenneth H. Williams, Program Leader Doug Stern, Walter Baker, Lisbon Hardy, Michael Harreld, Lois Mateus, Dr. Thomas D. Clark, C. Michael Davenport, Ted Harris, Ann Maenza, Bud Pogue, Mike Duncan, James E. Wallace, Maj. board of Gen. Verna Fairchild, Mary Helen Miller, Ryan trustees Harris, and Raoul Cunningham Kentucky Ancestors (ISSN-0023-0103) is published quarterly by the Kentucky Historical Society and is distributed free to Society members. Periodical postage paid at Frankfort, Kentucky, and at additional mailing offices. Postmas- ter: Send address changes to Kentucky Ancestors, Kentucky Historical Society, 100 West Broadway, Frankfort, KY 40601-1931. Please direct changes of address and other notices concerning membership or mailings to the Membership De- partment, Kentucky Historical Society, 100 West Broadway, Frankfort, KY 40601-1931; telephone (502) 564-1792. Submissions and correspondence should be directed to: Tom Stephens, editor, Kentucky Ancestors, Kentucky Histori- cal Society, 100 West Broadway, Frankfort, KY 40601-1931. The Kentucky Historical Society, an agency of the Commerce Cabinet, does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, religion, or disability, and provides, on request, reasonable accommodations, includ- ing auxiliary aids and services necessary to afford an individual with a disability an equal opportunity to participate in all services, programs, and activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Asher Benjamin As an Architect in Windsor, Vermont
    Summer 1974 VOL. 42 NO.3 The GpROCEEDINGS of the VERMONT HISTORICAL SOCIETY This famous architect built a meetinghouse and three private houses in Windsor before he left for Boston in 1802 ... Asher Benjamin as an Architect in Windsor, Vennont By JOHN QUINAN N August of 1802 the architect Asher Benjamin wrote from Boston to I Gideon Granger, the Postmaster General of the United States, seeking aid in obtaining a commission for a marine hospital in that city. Benjamin's letter identifies by name and location most of his first eight commissions - a rare and unusual document in American architectural history which enables us to trace his path northward from Hartford, Con­ necticut, to Windsor, Vermont. Benjamin wrote, in part: "Sir, I have since I left Suffield Conn. built the following houses, Viz. Samuel Hinckley, Northampton, William Coleman's Greenfield, Luke Baldwin's Esq., Brookfield, and a Meeting House and three other large houses in Windsor, Vermont, The Academy at Deerfield. l Most of these commissions have not fared very well. The Deerfield Academy building (Memorial Hall, 1798-1799) was altered sufficiently during the nineteenth century to obscure much of its original character. The Baldwin and Hinckley houses (both c.17%) were demolished early in the twentieth century and are lost to us, and it seems that the William Coleman house in Greenfield (1797) (Fig. 6) is the sole survivor of Benjamin's first decade of practice. But what of the four unnamed build­ ings in Windsor? Are they identifiable? Do they still stand in Windsor? Have they any special interest or significance? The four Windsor buildings are identifiable despite the fact that the three houses have been demolished and the meetinghouse has been altered I.
    [Show full text]
  • Disease and Social Disruption
    Disease and Social Disruption 2 Connect-the-Dots: Making Meaning from Historical Evidence Chris Edwards 5 Yellow Fever in Philadelphia, 1793 (Book Review) Sandra W. Moss 9 World War I Posters: Thinking Critically about History and the Media Tom Carty 16 On the Trail of an Epidemic: Yellow Fever in New Orleans, 1845-1860 Supplement to National Council for the Social Studies Publications Number 31 January/February 2008 www.socialstudies.org Middle Level Learning 31, pp. M2–M4 ©2008 National Council for the Social Studies On the Cover: Nurse wearing a mask as Connect-the-Dots: protection against influ- enza. September 13, 1918. In October of 1918, Congress approved a Making Meaning from $1 million budget for the U. S. Public Health Service to recruit 1,000 medical doctors and Historical Evidence over 700 registered nurses. Nurses were scarce, as their proximity to and interaction with the disease increased the risk of death. Chris Edwards Source: National Archives, “The Deadly Virus: The Influenza Epidemic of 1918,” www.archives.gov/ exhibits/influenza-epidemic/ (Western Newspaper Union). It is often lamented that exciting historical scholarship rarely trickles into the In the case of Pizarro’s conquest of the secondary classroom. I define my job as an eighth grade history teacher as being a Inca’s, I present five dots in this order: bridge between historical scholars and my students. For example, I believe that part of my work is to read a Pulitzer-winning book like Jared Diamond’s Guns, Germs, • Several species of large animals and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies and make its basic insights accessible to were domesticated in Europe, Asia, middle school students, to show how Diamond’s thesis connects to aspects of history and Africa, providing humans with covered in the curriculum.1 I call what I do “the connect-the-dots method,” and the mechanical power and food.
    [Show full text]
  • American Panorama 150 Years of American History 1730 to 1880
    CATALOGUE THREE HUNDRED SIXTY-FIVE American Panorama 150 Years of American History 1730 to 1880 WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue, presented chronologically, includes 150 items spanning 150 years of American history, from 1730 to 1880. Comprised of books, pamphlets, manu- scripts, prints, maps, and photographs, one item has been selected for each year, helping to tell the multifaceted story of the development of the area that became the United States. Beginning with Herman Moll’s famous “Beaver Map” of the British colonies in America and concluding with an appeal to aid destitute African- American women and children in the post-Reconstruction era, the broad sweep of the American experience over a century and a half is represented. Included are works on politics, colonial development, law, military and diplomatic affairs, travel and exploration, sermons, westward expansion, contemporary historical accounts, scientific studies, improvements in technology and agriculture, images of urban and country life, and items relating to African-Americans (enslaved and free) and Native American tribes. In all, a panoramic view of 150 years of American history. Available on request or via our website are our bulletins as well as recent catalogues 361 Western Americana, 362 Recent Acquisitions in Americana, and 363 Still Cold: Travels & Explorations in the Frozen Regions of the Earth. E-lists, only available on our website, cover a broad range of topics including theatre, education, mail, the Transcontinental Railroad, satire, and abolition. A portion of our stock may be viewed on our website as well. Terms Material herein is offered subject to prior sale.
    [Show full text]
  • The Federal Era
    CATALOGUE THREE HUNDRED THIRTY-SEVEN The Federal Era WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue is devoted to the two decades from the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783 to the first Jefferson administration and the Louisiana Purchase, usually known to scholars as the Federal era. It saw the evolution of the United States from the uncertainties of the Confederation to the establishment of the Constitution and first federal government in 1787-89, through Washington’s two administrations and that of John Adams, and finally the Jeffersonian revolution of 1800 and the dramatic expansion of the United States. Notable items include a first edition of The Federalist; a collection of the treaties ending the Revolutionary conflict (1783); the first edition of the first American navigational guide, by Furlong (1796); the Virginia Resolutions of 1799; various important cartographical works by Norman and Mount & Page; a first edition of Benjamin’s Country Builder’s Assistant (1797); a set of Carey’s American Museum; and much more. Our catalogue 338 will be devoted to Western Americana. Available on request or via our website are our recent catalogues 331 Archives & Manuscripts, 332 French Americana, 333 Americana–Beginnings, 334 Recent Acquisitions in Americana, and 336 What I Like About the South; bulletins 41 Original Works of American Art, 42 Native Americans, 43 Cartography, and 44 Photography; e-lists (only available on our website) and many more topical lists. q A portion of our stock may be viewed at www.williamreesecompany.com. If you would like to receive e-mail notification when catalogues and lists are uploaded, please e-mail us at [email protected] or send us a fax, specifying whether you would like to receive the notifications in lieu of or in addition to paper catalogues.
    [Show full text]