Brechtianske Strategier Og Artaudske Effekter I Vinge/Müllers Vildanden Del 2 – Director’S Cut

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Brechtianske Strategier Og Artaudske Effekter I Vinge/Müllers Vildanden Del 2 – Director’S Cut Brechtianske strategier og Artaudske effekter i Vinge/Müllers Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut Sara Hegna Hammer Masteroppgave i teatervitenskap Estetiske studier Institutt for kulturstudier og orientalske språk UNIVERSITETET I OSLO Vår 2014 I II Brechtianske strategier og Artaudske effekter i Vinge/Müllers Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut III © Sara Hegna Hammer 2014 Brechtianske strategier og Artaudske effekter i Vinge/Müllers Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut 60 studiepoeng Sara Hegna Hammer http://www.duo.uio.no Trykk: Reprosentralen, Universitetet i Oslo IV V VI Sammendrag Denne teatervitenskapelige studiens hovedanliggende er å reflektere rundt mulige årsaksforklaringer på effekten Vegard Vinge og Ida Müllers forestilling Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut (2010) hadde på meg som tilskuer. Dette gjøres hovedsakelig ved å utforske forholdet mellom forestillingens dramaturgi og min subjektive opplevelse. Jeg arbeider ut ifra en mistanke om at Vegard Vinge og Ida Müller nærmer seg en realisering av den effekten Antonin Artaud søkte for sitt teater, via de dramaturgiske strategiene Bertolt Brecht skisserte for det episke teateret. Originaltekstene til nevnte teaterideologer vies derfor naturligvis en betydelig plass i denne oppgaven, og jeg argumenterer, via Anne-Britt Gran, for at Vinge/Müller viderefører den diskursive arven etter Brecht og historiserer hans Verfremdungseffekt. Min påstand om at Vinge/Müller også historiserer Artauds teatervisjoner går via teoriene til Kjell Helgheim og Jon Refsdal Moe, men baserer seg hovedsakelig på Niels Lehmanns tankeeksperiment om dekonstruktiv dramaturgi, og jeg vil hevde at Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut, i Lehmanns ord er «(…) hvad et teater, der kommer efter Schechner – og det vil også sige efter Artaud – må dreje seg om». VII VIII Forord Først og fremst er jeg min veileder Siren Leirvåg en stor takk skyldig. Ikke bare har hun gitt meg tett oppfølging og veiledning, gode råd og korrektur underveis i prosessen, men hun har, både som min veileder og som underviser på teatervitenskap, vært en enorm inspirasjonskilde siden jeg begynte studere teatervitenskap. Jeg vil dessuten få takke Morten Kippe i Produsentbyrået for videomateriale, Matias Faldbakken og Rolf Engelsen for å i innspurten gi meg fri fra mine respektive jobber i henholdsvis KUNST AS og Kunstløftet, og følgelig Halvor Rønning og Aksel Kielland for å ta på seg mine forsømte arbeidsoppgaver. Heidi Jor og Tora Optun i Avdeling for teatervitenskap fortjener også en takk. Sist, men ikke minst, ønsker jeg å rette en stor takk til mine foreldre og min kjære Aksel Overskott for deres ubetingede støtte, og en ekstra takk til min mor for gjennomlesning og korrektur og til Aksel for siste gjennomlesning og DUO-assistanse. IX X Innholdsfortegnelse 1 Innledning ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Bakgrunn for valg av analyseobjekt ....................................................................................... 1 1.2 Metodisk fremgangsmåte ........................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Teori og struktur ........................................................................................................................... 5 2 Vinge & Müller/ Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut .......................................................... 7 2.1 Vinge/Müllers kunstnerskap .................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Et vi, et oss ....................................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Ekdaler og Werler ....................................................................................................................... 11 2.4 Todimensjonalitet ....................................................................................................................... 13 3 Arven fra Brecht i Vinge/Müllers Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut ....................... 15 3.1 Den diskursive arven fra Brecht ............................................................................................ 15 3.2 Den diskursive arven fra Brecht hos Vinge/Müller ......................................................... 16 3.3 Kjente replikker gjøres ukjente ............................................................................................. 19 3.4 Gregers som offer, marionette og regissør ......................................................................... 19 3.5 Musikk som selvstendig element ........................................................................................... 21 3.6 En scenografi som ikke tilslører ............................................................................................ 24 3.7 Separate og selvstendige tablåer ........................................................................................... 25 4 Forholdet mellom meningsinnhold og nærvær .......................................................... 28 4.1 Kommunikasjonens materialitet ........................................................................................... 28 4.2 Væren og nærvær ........................................................................................................................ 29 4.3 Øyeblikk av intensitet ................................................................................................................ 30 5 Kollaps av dikotomier ......................................................................................................... 33 5.1 Fra teater som verk til teater som hendelse ...................................................................... 33 5.2 Produksjon av nærvær gjennom fravær ............................................................................. 35 5.3 Forholdet mellom nærvær og representasjon .................................................................. 39 5.4 Kollaps av dikotomier ............................................................................................................... 43 6 Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cuts rituelle aspekter ..................................................... 47 6.1 Performanceteori som ramme for ritualteori ................................................................... 47 6.2 Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut som liminalfase ............................................................... 49 6.3 Communitas - hierarkiets motsetning ................................................................................. 52 7 Et hellig, fattig og dobbelt teater ...................................................................................... 55 7.1 Antonin Artaud og Grusomhetens teater ............................................................................ 55 7.2 Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut som realisering av Artauds visjoner ........................ 59 7.3 Artaud og katharsis .................................................................................................................... 63 8 Paradoksale enheter ............................................................................................................ 69 8.1 Dekonstruksjon ........................................................................................................................... 69 8.2 Første prinsipp: «En paradoksal enhet av – eller dekonstruksjonen av motsetningen mellom – meningsløshet og mening, fortolkningsfravær og simulakrum, energetikk og representasjonalitet» ............................................................................................... 70 8.3 Andre prinsipp: «En paradoksal enhet av – eller dekonstruksjonen av motsetningen mellom – sentrering og desentrering» ............................................................... 73 8.4 Tredje prinsipp: «En paradoksal enhet av – eller dekonstruksjonen av motsetningen mellom – totalisering og fragmentering» .......................................................... 75 XI 8.5 Fjerde prinsipp: «En paradoksal enhet av – eller dekonstruksjonen av motsetningen mellom – fin- og massekultur» .............................................................................. 77 8.6 Femte prinsipp: «Teater skal yte et bidrag til den allmenne dekonstruksjon av den vestlige metafysikk som sådan» ............................................................................................... 79 9 Avslutning ................................................................................................................................ 82 Litteraturliste ................................................................................................................................ 86 XII 1 Innledning Tirsdag 25. mai i år var jeg og så Vildanden 2 av Vegard Vinge og Ida Müller på Black Box. Jeg angrer på at jeg ikke skrev her da jeg kom ut av forestillingssalen klokken syv neste morgen, for det er den største opplevelsen jeg har hatt. Jeg merker jeg nesten blir kvalm av å tenke på det, fordi det er så massivt. Ingenting blir det samme etter dette. Bare tanken på forestillingen er overveldende. 1.1 Bakgrunn for valg av analyseobjekt Ordene over er hentet fra et dagbokinnlegg datert 5. desember 2010 og beskriver min opplevelse av den norsk-tyske teaterduoen Vegard Vinge og Ida Müllers oppsetning Vildanden del 2 – Director’s cut, oppført på Black Box teater 25. mai 2010. Mye har riktignok blitt det samme igjen, men for mitt kunst- og teatersyn markerer opplevelsen
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