President Roosevelt and Naturalist John Burroughs “Ruined Castles” of Yellowstone at Fort Yellowstone

East Entrance Station

President Roosevelt at Liberty Cap

Fire Hole River Yellowstone Lake, Mary’s Bay Ruined Castles of Yellowstone (1897) President Roosevelt and the noted naturalist John “Most of the spring borders are low and daintily Burroughs, at Fort Yellowstone, Yellowstone Park scalloped, crenelated, and beaded with sinter pearls. (1903) Some of the geyser craters are massive and Prior to the establishment of the National Park picturesque, like ruined castles or old burned-out Service, the U.S. Army protected Yellowstone sequoia stumps, and are adorned on a grand scale between 1886 and 1918. Fort Yellowstone was with outbulging, cauliflower-like formations. From established at Mammoth Hot Springs for that these as centres the silex pavements slope gently purpose. -NPS away in thin, crusty, overlapping layers, slightly interrupted in some places by low terraces.” -John Muir

East Entrance Station President Roosevelt's western tour - visiting Liberty The entrance station served several purposes: Gap, Yellowstone Nat. Park (1903) collecting fees and counting visitors; establishing the Liberty Cap is a 37-foot hot spring cone that marks presence of the NPS for the visitor; and defining a the northern portion of Mammoth Hot Springs. sense of place and identity for the park. Liberty Cap was named in 1871 by the Hayden -NPS Survey party because of its marked resemblance to the peaked caps worn during the French Revolution. Of the five entrances to Yellowstone, only the North -NPS Entrance is open all year.

Fire Hole River (1902) Yellowstone Lake, Mary's Bay (1871) The Firehole River flows north from its source in “Passing through many a mile of pine and spruce Madison lake on the Continental Divide and is part woods, toward the centre of the park you come to of the Missouri River System. the famous Yellowstone Lake. It is about twenty It has been a popular fly-flishing location for tourists miles long and fifteen wide, and lies at a height of since its discovery in the 1830s. nearly 8000 feet above the level of the sea, amid dense black forests and snowy mountains. Around its winding, wavering shores, closely forested and picturesquely varied with promontories and bays, the distance is more than 100 miles…Nno other lake in North America of equal area lies so high as the Yellowstone, or gives birth to so noble a river.” -John Muir

Hymen Terrace Along the Gardiner River, Yellowstone

Lake Hotel

Grand Geyser

Fishing Bridge Hamilton’s General Store Northeast Entrance Station

Hymen Terrace, Yellowstone National Park (1902) [Along the Gardiner River, Yellowstone National A small, inactive terrace at the southwest edge of Park. Seen only by tourists going via Gardiner Hotel Terrace, the area is dominated by Liberty Cap Gateway] (1909) and is not far from Fort Yellowstone. The river and nearby town were named for Johnson Hymen Springs has been inactive since about 1936, Gardner who was a trapper in the early 18th Century. but has been a major attraction since its discovery in However, numerous expeditions into the area in the the 1870s. early 19th Century did not fully explore the Gardner River and therefore didn’t encounter the nearby Mammoth Hot Springs until decades later.

The Lake Hotel, built in 1891 by the Northern Grand Geyser in action, 200 feet high, Upper Basin, Pacific Railroad in Yellowstone National Park, Y.N.P. (1912) Wyoming (1980) An eruption of Grand Geyser, the tallest predictable Completed in 1891 by the Northern Pacific Railroad geyser in the world, occurs every 7 - 15 hours. A to accommodate visitors to Yellowstone, the hotel classic fountain geyser, Grand erupts from a large was expanded in 1903 due to the booming tourist pool with powerful bursts rather than a steady industry. column like Old Faithful. An average eruption lasts It was renovated in 1989 and is still an operational 9-12 minutes and consists of 1-4 bursts, sometimes hotel situated on Yellowstone Lake. reaching 200 feet. -NPS

Fishing Bridge Hamilton's Store, General Store, 1800' southeast of Fishing Bridge & 800' northeast Yellowstone National Park of Museum, Lake, Teton County, WY (1933) Northeast Entrance Checking Station Hamilton’s Stores were concessioners in Yellowstone HS-254 (1933) in the 20th Century. Charles Hamilton arrived in The idea of designing with nature flourished in the Yellowstone in 1905 and set up shops to provide National Park Service during the early decades of the food and souvenirs to tourists along the Grand Loop twentieth century. Architects, landscape architects Road. and engineers combined native wood and stone with convincingly 'native' styles to create visually appealing structures that seemed to fit naturally within the majestic landscapes. –NPS

This style, known as “Parkitecture,” is exhibited in the Northeast Entrance, which is still in its original condition.

Obsidian Cliffs on Grand Loop Road Tower Falls Rock

Old Faithful Inn Grand Canyon of Yellowstone

Tower Suspension Bridge Dott Island

The tower of Tower Falls, Yellowstone / TM ; OBSIDIAN CLIFF OVERLOOKS THE EAST SIDE OF THE Prang's American Chromo. (1875) GRAND LOOP ROAD. THE OBSIDIAN, A BLACK Tower Fall is located on Tower Creek in the VOLCANIC GLASS, FORMED WHEN A LAVA FLOW northeast region of the park. The falls are over 130 CONTACTED GLACIAL ICE. IN THE CONSTRUCTION feet tall and were named by Samuel Hauser who OF THE ROAD BY THE U.S. ARMY CORPS OF stated they were “…the most beautiful falls I ever ENGINEERS, WORKERS CREATED THE LEDGE FOR saw.” THE ROAD BY BUILDING LARGE BONFIRES AGAINST THE CLIFF, THEN DASHING THE HEATED ROCK WITH COLD WATER, CAUSING IT TO SHATTER. - Grand Loop Road, Forming circuit between Mammoth Hot Springs, Norris Junction, Madison Junction, Old Faithful, Mammoth, Park County, WY (1989)

Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone (1871) Old Faithful Inn, 900' northeast of Snowlodge & Huge volcanic eruptions in Yellowstone about 1050' west of Old Faithful Lodge, Lake, Teton 600,000 years ago shaped the Grand Canyon, County, WY (1933) marked by multi-hued rocks. Built in 1903-1904 with local logs and stone, the Inn Floods from melting glaciers at the end of each is considered the largest log structure in the world. glacial period recarved the canyon. Its present The towering lobby features a massive stone appearance dates from about 10,000 years ago. fireplace and a hand-crafted clock made of copper, -NPS wood and wrought iron serving as focal points. -NPS

View to northeast. Duplicate color view of HAER Group of Buffalo, Dott Island, Yellowstone Lake TX-8-3 - Tower Suspension Bridge, Spanning (1897) Yellowstone River at Yellowstone River Trail, Yellowstone is the only place in the US where bison Mammoth, Park County, WY (1983) have lived continuously since prehistoric times. The The Yellowstone River Trail is one of many hiking Yellowstone bison are the nation’s largest bison trails within Yellowstone. It winds through forests of population on public land and are among the few Douglas fir trees, rocky canyons, and wildflower herds that have not been hybridized through grasslands, crosses the Yellowstone River, and interbreeding with cattle. overlooks Electric Peak. The bison are allowed to roam freely over the park and into Montana. -NPS