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Collegiate School Archaeological HERITAGE TASMANIA TASMANIAN HERITAGE COUNCIL April 2012 Hero shot to be replaced Hamilton. Image: Stewart Wells. Discoveries in a Hobart park Recent archaeological works in Cascade Gardens, Almost immediately, the new scheme came under at South Hobart have resulted in some exciting severe public and official criticism. Before reaching discoveries about Hobart‟s early water supply. the reservoir, the water travelled through Degraves‟ Austral Tasmania was engaged by Southern Water flour mills, brewery and sawmill. The quality and to provide archaeological services as part of quantity of the water was often poor and the flow of upgrade works to a sewer line running through the water even stopped on numerous occasions. Some gardens. 2,000 citizens of Hobart petitioned the Governor and an official enquiry resulted in the water supply With the establishment of the Cascades Female system being taken over by the Government. Factory in 1827, surrounding land, including the gardens site, was reserved to prevent development In undertaking the archaeological works at this site, near the factory. A dam was constructed across the Austral Tasmania worked with Southern Water, and Hobart Rivulet to supply water to the factory. The applied the principle of „as much as necessary, as dam was later augmented in 1836 to drive a water little as possible‟. Austral Tasmania monitored and wheel that powered a fulling mill, an industrial site recorded the excavations for the new sewer line, for the cleaning of cloth. and several historic features were uncovered during works. Problems with the supply of water to the people of Hobart had long plagued the colonial authorities. The rivulet‟sflow of clean water was one of the key reasons for choosing Sullivans Cove for the establishment of Hobart in 1804. It did not take long for the stream to become polluted so a series of schemes were developed to source fresh water from higher up the mountain. Perhaps the most controversial was that developed by Peter Degraves in 1844. Degraves constructed a reservoir off Macquarie Street, where the badminton courts are now located. This was fed by a buried sandstone aqueduct which started in what is now Cascade Gardens. Two Cascade bottles recovered from the channel. These included the remains of a sandstone wall, a sandstone water-race and a brick-lined box drain. DEPARTMENT OF PRIMARY INDUSTRIES, PARKS, WATER AND ENVIRONMENT GPO BOX 1751, HOBART TAS 7001 PHONE: 1300 850 332 (local call cost) | FAX: 6233 3186 EMAIL: [email protected] www.heritage.tas.gov.au Each structure was carefully exposed and detailed Have your say on Australia’s Heritage Strategy records were made. Where possible, impacts to The Australian Government is seeking public input features were avoided or minimised by working in to help develop a new strategy for the identification, previously disturbed areas. management and celebration of Australia‟s heritage. The new strategy will cover natural, Indigenous and historic heritage and set the direction for heritage policies and programs at all levels of government for the next 10 years. Public consultation is a critical step in the development of the strategy and comment is invited from the community about how we can best recognise, manage and celebrate our heritage. The feedback received in response to the public consultation paper will help inform the development The water channel showing the slot where the sluice gate was once of the Australian Heritage Strategy. fitted. One of the more impressive discoveries was the For information on how to make a submission and sandstone water-race which was fed from to download the public consultation paper visit Degraves‟ mill. Finely constructed, the race was 80 http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/strategy/su centimetres deep and 90 centimetres wide. David bmissions.html Parham Director of Austral Tasmania said some of Media releases from the Department of the blocks were massive: the largest was 1.25 Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and metres long and 27 centimetres deep. “We were Communities and the Australian Heritage are able to identify this feature from the original available at contract specifications” he said. http://www.environment.gov.au/about/media/dept- “The specifications detailed that the tail race was to mr/index.html be fitted with a sluice gate and fender, and we Submissions will be accepted up until 15 June found a vertical cut in the wall where the gate could 2012. be lowered or raised to regulate the flow of water. We also found how the builders kept the race from Tasmanian Heritage Festival launched leaking. One of the outside edges of the wall was The Minister for Environment, Parks and Heritage, packed with heavy clay. This is consistent with the Brian Wightman, launched 2012 Tasmanian contact requiring the channel to be „puddled‟, Heritage Festival this month. where clay was worked into a thick watertight paste The statewide month-long event gives all before being applied.” Tasmanians an opportunity to celebrate our historic Mr Parham said the works uncovered an important heritage. and somewhat controversial part of Hobart‟s “There are literally hundreds of activities being held history. “The supply of fresh water has been crucial right around Tasmania during May - including open to the history of Hobart. The Cascades scheme days, talks, tours and high teas,” Mr Wightman predates by some 17 years the later, and far more said. successful, Mountain Water Supply System. Cascades provided all of Hobart‟s reticulated “Tasmanians have the chance to have a look at drinking water until the 1860s, and remained in places not normally open to them, and to learn service until the 1890s.” something new about this wonderful island state. Submitted by James Puustinen, Senior Heritage Research Consultant, “This year‟s theme of „Innovation and Invention‟ will Austral Tasmania Pty Ltd provide locals and visitors with an excellent opportunity to have a fresh look at our island Heritage Bulletin: April 2012 2 culture and to realise how innovative we are, now Open Doors 2012 now taking bookings and have been in the past. The program for Open Doors 2012 has been “Among the many events on offer will be a display launched and is attracting plenty of interest with of Alexander Tennis Racket memorabilia sites that require bookings filling fast, with some celebrating the international status this racket had tours already full booked. among professional tennis players. There are ten historic heritage sites open to the “And the marvellous Waddamana Power Station community, free of charge, on the weekend of May Museum housed in the original 1919 power station 5th and 6th, 2012. will host a play „Live History‟ based on the oral A welcome participant in this year‟s program is histories collected by Hydro Tasmania of local Nyrstar‟s Hobart zinc works. Open Doors 2012 was hydro workers.” launched by the Minister at this site. “With a theme of Innovation and Invention, Nyrstar‟s Hobart zinc works is a fitting inclusion in this year‟s Open Doors program,” Mr Wightman said. “The zinc works has been operating for more than 90 years, and is one of the world‟s biggest and most efficient zinc producers. “The tours offer a fascinating „then and now‟ look at zinc production on the site, and the sustainability measures taken to reduce its environmental Ray Foley, Chairperson of the National Trust (Tasmania), Brian footprint,” he said. Wightman, Minister for Environment, Parks and Heritage) and Chris Tassell, Managing Director of the National Trust (Tasmania), at the launch of the Tasmanian Heritage Festival at MONA. Image: Pete Smith “Runnymede in Hobart will host high teas and there are history tours of Sullivans Cove. The range of activities and localities is very broad,” he said. The Tasmanian Heritage Festival is an annual community event which has run for more than 20 years, and is co-ordinated by the National Trust (Tasmania). “The Tasmanian Heritage Festival is firmly established in the Tasmanian calendar, and operates largely on the generous support of an army of volunteers. I would like to thank each and Minister Wightman and Nyrstar Hobart zinc works General Manager, Jeremy Kouw launch Open Doors at the zinc works. Image: Robyn every one of them for their passion in sharing Shaw Tasmania‟s historic heritage with the broader The other nine sites involved in Open Doors 2012 community,” Mr Wightman said. are: Financial support is provided by the State and Derwent Park House at Lutana. Parts of this Australian Governments, and the Festival is also property date back to an earlier 1820s grateful to acknowledge the sponsorship of Pure property. Tasmania, Cripps New Bake, AT & M Marketing, Markree House and Garden Museum, Myer and MONA. Hobart which was built in 1926 in the Details of the full Festival program are available at: English Arts and Crafts movement style. The Heritage Education and Skills Centre at http://www.nationaltrusttas.org.au/heritagefestival.h Oatlands, which is opening its doors to help tm explain its range of heritage skills courses. Heritage Bulletin: April 2012 3 The magnificent Midlands property Shene. heritage themes, such as the famous cat and fiddle The 1913 State Cinema in North Hobart, clock in Hobart. which is providing a behind-the-scenes tour. The 1911 Tasmania Fire Museum, which will have its vintage fire trucks and memorabilia on display. St David‟s Cathedral, Hobart which was built in 1868. Tours of the tower will allow visitors to view Hobart from the top, and see the bell ringers hard at work. The Tasmanian Seed Conservation Centre, at the Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens, Hobart which is helping protect Tasmanian flora from extinction. The spectacular Waddamana Power Station Museum, in the Central Highlands which is Guests mingle at the launch of Signposts at the Clarence City Council Chambers (Textile buttons by Penny Malone are displayed on the far hosting the play Live History, based on the wall).
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