Runway Overrun During Landing Shuttle America, Inc. Doing Business As Delta Connection Flight 6448 Embraer ERJ-170, N862RW Cleveland, Ohio February 18, 2007
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Runway Overrun During Landing Shuttle America, Inc. Doing Business as Delta Connection Flight 6448 Embraer ERJ-170, N862RW Cleveland, Ohio February 18, 2007 aviationACCIDENT REPORT NTSB/AAR-08/01 PB2008-910401 NTSB/AAR-08/01 PB2008-910401 Notation 8002A Adopted April 15, 2008 Aircraft Accident Report Runway Overrun During Landing Shuttle America, Inc. Doing Business as Delta Connection Flight 6448 Embraer ERJ-170, N862RW Cleveland, Ohio February 18, 2007 National Transportation Safety Board 490 L’Enfant Plaza, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20594 National Transportation Safety Board. 2008. Runway Overrun During Landing, Shuttle America, Inc., Doing Business as Delta Connection Flight 6448, Embraer ERJ-170, N862RW, Cleveland, Ohio, February 18, 2007. Aircraft Accident Report NTSB/AAR-08/01. Washington, DC. Abstract: This report explains the accident involving an Embraer ERJ-170, N862RW, operated by Shuttle America, Inc., which was landing on runway 28 at Cleveland-Hopkins International Airport, Cleveland, Ohio, during snow conditions when it overran the end of the runway, contacted an instrument landing system antenna, and struck an airport perimeter fence. The safety issues discussed in this report focus on (1) flight training for rejected landings in deteriorating weather conditions and maximum performance landings on contaminated runways, (2) standard operating procedures for the go-around callout, and (3) pilot fatigue policies. Safety recommendations concerning these issues are addressed to the Federal Aviation Administration. The National Transportation Safety Board is an independent Federal agency dedicated to promoting aviation, railroad, highway, marine, pipeline, and hazardous materials safety. Established in 1967, the agency is mandated by Congress through the Independent Safety Board Act of 1974 to investigate transportation accidents, determine the probable causes of the accidents, issue safety recommendations, study transportation safety issues, and evaluate the safety effectiveness of government agencies involved in transportation. The Safety Board makes public its actions and decisions through accident reports, safety studies, special investigation reports, safety recommendations, and statistical reviews. Recent publications are available in their entirety on the Web at <http://www.ntsb.gov>. Other information about available publications also may be obtained from the Web site or by contacting: National Transportation Safety Board Records Management Division, CIO-40 490 L’Enfant Plaza, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20594 (800) 877-6799 or (202) 314-6551 Safety Board publications may be purchased, by individual copy or by subscription, from the National Technical Information Service. To purchase this publication, order report number PB2008-910401 from: National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, Virginia 22161 (800) 553-6847 or (703) 605-6000 The Independent Safety Board Act, as codified at 49 U.S.C. Section 1154(b), precludes the admission into evidence or use of Board reports related to an incident or accident in a civil action for damages resulting from a matter mentioned in the report. AIRCRAFT Accident Report CONTENTS Figures ............................................................................................................................... v Abbreviations and Acronyms ......................................................................................vi Executive Summary .................................................................................................... viii 1. Factual Information.....................................................................................................1 1.1 History of Flight .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Injuries to Persons ........................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Damage to Airplane ....................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Other Damage ................................................................................................................................. 8 1.5 Personnel Information ................................................................................................................... 8 1.5.1 The Captain ............................................................................................................................. 8 1.5.2 The First Officer .................................................................................................................... 12 1.6 Airplane Information ................................................................................................................... 14 1.7 Meteorological Information ........................................................................................................ 14 1.7.1 Airport Weather Information ............................................................................................. 14 1.7.2 National Weather Service Weather Information ............................................................. 15 1.8 Aids to Navigation ....................................................................................................................... 16 1.9 Communications ........................................................................................................................... 16 1.10 Airport Information .................................................................................................................... 16 1.10.1 Runway Safety Area .......................................................................................................... 16 1.10.2 Airport Winter Operations ................................................................................................ 18 1.11 Flight Recorders .......................................................................................................................... 20 1.12 Wreckage and Impact Information .......................................................................................... 20 1.13 Medical and Pathological Information .................................................................................... 20 1.14 Fire ................................................................................................................................................ 21 1.15 Survival Aspects ......................................................................................................................... 21 1.15.1 Emergency Response ......................................................................................................... 21 1.15.2 Postaccident Communications With Dispatch ............................................................... 23 1.16 Tests and Research ...................................................................................................................... 23 1.16.1 Aircraft Performance Study .............................................................................................. 23 1.16.1.1 Calculated Ground Track ............................................................................................ 23 1.16.1.2 Braking Ability .............................................................................................................. 24 1.16.1.3 Landing Distance Assessments .................................................................................. 25 1.17 Organizational and Management Information ...................................................................... 26 1.17.1 Flight Manuals .................................................................................................................... 26 1.17.1.1 Missed Approach Procedures ..................................................................................... 26 1.17.1.2 Landing Operations ...................................................................................................... 27 1.17.1.3 Attendance Policy ......................................................................................................... 28 1.17.2 Training ................................................................................................................................ 30 1.17.2.1 Crew Resource Management Training ...................................................................... 30 1.17.2.2 Captain Awareness Training ...................................................................................... 31 1.17.3 Postaccident Actions .......................................................................................................... 31 1.17.4 Federal Aviation Administration Oversight .................................................................. 33 National Transportation Safety Board iii AIRCRAFT Contents Accident Report 1.18 Additional Information .............................................................................................................. 34 1.18.1 Survey on Fatigue and Attendance Policies ................................................................... 34 1.18.2 Aviation Safety Reporting System Fatigue-Related Reports ....................................... 35 1.18.3 Federal Aviation Administration Guidance ................................................................... 36 1.18.4 Related Accidents ..............................................................................................................