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Understanding the Impact of Network Infrastructure Changes Using Large-Scale Measurement Platforms
Understanding the Impact of Network Infrastructure Changes using Large-Scale Measurement Platforms Vaibhav Bajpai Understanding the Impact of Network Infrastructure Changes using Large-Scale Measurement Platforms by Vaibhav Bajpai A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science Dissertation Committee: Prof. Dr. Jürgen Schönwälder Jacobs University Bremen, Germany Dr. Kinga Lipskoch Jacobs University Bremen, Germany Prof. Dr. Filip De Turck University of Ghent, Belgium Date of Defense: May 30, 2016 DECLARATION I, hereby declare that I have written this PhD thesis independently, unless where clearly stated otherwise. I have used only the sources, the data and the support that I have clearly mentioned. This PhD thesis has not been submitted for conferral of degree elsewhere. I confirm that no rights of third parties will be infringed by the publication of this thesis. Bremen, Germany, May 30, 2016 Vaibhav Bajpai This thesis is dedicated to my mom for her love, endless support and encouragement ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor Jürgen Schönwälder for providing me constant feedback and support throughout the entire duration of my doctoral research. I would also like to thank my thesis committee consisting of Jürgen Schönwälder, Kinga Lipskoch and Filip De Turck for guiding and supporting my doctoral research. I am grateful to my co-authors: Steffie Jacob Eravuchira, Saba Ahsan, Radek Krejˇcí,Jörg Ott and Jürgen Schönwälder with whom I learned to be a productive collaborator. Special thanks to: Sam Crawford, Philip Eardley, Trevor Burbridge, Arthur Berger, Daniel Karrenberg, Robert Kisteleki, Al Morton, Frank Bulk, Dan Wing and Andrew Yourtchenko for providing valuable and constructive feedback for improving my manuscripts. -
Smith 1 CINE-GT 1807 Fall 2019 Madeline Smith December 13
Smith 1 CINE-GT 1807 Fall 2019 Madeline Smith December 13, 2019 Assignment 2: Final Research Paper The History of Web Archiving and the Evolution of Archive-It’s Brozzler Since the beginning of the Internet and the World Wide Web in 1991, an unimaginable amount of data and content has been created, shared, posted, and stored on the World Wide Web. When the World Wide Web began, there was no system in place to archive and preserve the Web content, as no one could imagine how massive the infrastructure would become. It was not until the 1990s that users began to recognize the gravity of archiving and preserving all the incredibly diverse born-digital data and content on the Web. Web crawlers are a key component in accomplishing the mission to archive Web content before it is lost for good. While there have been advancements in web archiving over the years, considering the speed at which digital technology and the varied uses of the Internet are changing, there is still work to be done. One of the more recent web crawling technologies is Archive-It’s Brozzler. This report aims to frame Brozzler within the larger landscape of web archiving and web crawler technology. The report will attempt to answer whether Brozzler as a web archiving tool is effective for capturing dynamic websites and the rapidly evolving content of the modern web. The end of this report will be an examination of my own experience attempting to use Brozzler. In order to understand web archiving and web crawling, a few terms used in describing the evolution of the Internet and the World Wide Web need to be defined. -
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 22 Sep 2012 02:49:54 UTC Contents Articles History of the Internet 1 Barry Appelman 26 Paul Baran 28 Vint Cerf 33 Danny Cohen (engineer) 41 David D. Clark 44 Steve Crocker 45 Donald Davies 47 Douglas Engelbart 49 Charles M. Herzfeld 56 Internet Engineering Task Force 58 Bob Kahn 61 Peter T. Kirstein 65 Leonard Kleinrock 66 John Klensin 70 J. C. R. Licklider 71 Jon Postel 77 Louis Pouzin 80 Lawrence Roberts (scientist) 81 John Romkey 84 Ivan Sutherland 85 Robert Taylor (computer scientist) 89 Ray Tomlinson 92 Oleg Vishnepolsky 94 Phil Zimmermann 96 References Article Sources and Contributors 99 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 102 Article Licenses License 103 History of the Internet 1 History of the Internet The history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s. This began with point-to-point communication between mainframe computers and terminals, expanded to point-to-point connections between computers and then early research into packet switching. Packet switched networks such as ARPANET, Mark I at NPL in the UK, CYCLADES, Merit Network, Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a variety of protocols. The ARPANET in particular led to the development of protocols for internetworking, where multiple separate networks could be joined together into a network of networks. In 1982 the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) was standardized and the concept of a world-wide network of fully interconnected TCP/IP networks called the Internet was introduced. -
Internet Hall of Fame Announces 2013 Inductees
Internet Hall of Fame Announces 2013 Inductees Influential engineers, activists, and entrepreneurs changed history through their vision and determination Ceremony to be held 3 August in Berlin, Germany [Washington, D.C. and Geneva, Switzerland -- 26 June 2013] The Internet Society today announced the names of the 32 individuals who have been selected for induction into the Internet Hall of Fame. Honored for their groundbreaking contributions to the global Internet, this year’s inductees comprise some of the world’s most influential engineers, activists, innovators, and entrepreneurs. The Internet Hall of Fame celebrates Internet visionaries, innovators, and leaders from around the world who believed in the design and potential of an open Internet and, through their work, helped change the way we live and work today. The 2013 Internet Hall of Fame inductees are: Pioneers Circle – Recognizing individuals who were instrumental in the early design and development of the Internet: David Clark, David Farber, Howard Frank, Kanchana Kanchanasut, J.C.R. Licklider (posthumous), Bob Metcalfe, Jun Murai, Kees Neggers, Nii Narku Quaynor, Glenn Ricart, Robert Taylor, Stephen Wolff, Werner Zorn Innovators – Recognizing individuals who made outstanding technological, commercial, or policy advances and helped to expand the Internet’s reach: Marc Andreessen, John Perry Barlow, Anne-Marie Eklund Löwinder, François Flückiger, Stephen Kent, Henning Schulzrinne, Richard Stallman, Aaron Swartz (posthumous), Jimmy Wales Global Connectors – Recognizing individuals from around the world who have made significant contributions to the global growth and use of the Internet: Karen Banks, Gihan Dias, Anriette Esterhuysen, Steven Goldstein, Teus Hagen, Ida Holz, Qiheng Hu, Haruhisa Ishida (posthumous), Barry Leiner (posthumous), George Sadowsky “This year’s inductees represent a group of people as diverse and dynamic as the Internet itself,” noted Internet Society President and CEO Lynn St. -
A Long Time Ago, in a Meeting Room Far, Far Away...Or Maybe 17 Years
A long time ago, in a meeting room far, far away.... ... or maybe 17 years ago, in Houston, Texas... ...work in the IETF began on... DNSSEC For their efforts with DNSSEC, the IETF wishes to thank: Joe Abley - Danny Aerts Alain Aina - Mehmet Akcin Jaap Akerhuis - Mark Andrews Roy Arends - Derek Atkins Rob Austein - Roy Badami Alan Barrett - Doug Barton Rickard Bellgrim - Ray Bellis Steve Bellovin - Dan Bernstein David Blacka - Stéphane Bortzmeyer Eric Brunner-Williams - Len Budney Randy Bush - Bruce Campbell Vint Cerf - K.C. Claffy Alan Clegg - David Conrad Michelle S. Cotton - Olivier Courtay John Crain - Dave Crocker Steve Crocker - Alex Dalitz Joao (Luis Silva) Damas Hugh Daniel - Kim Davies John Dickinson - Vasily Dolmatov Lutz Donnerhacke - Mats Dufberg Francis Dupont - Donald Eastlake Anne-Marie Eklund-Löwinder Howard Eland - Robert Elz Patrik Fältström - Mark Feldman Ondrej Filip - Martin Fredriksson Alex Gall - James M. Galvin Joe Gersch - Demi Getchko Miek Gieben - John Gilmore Steve Goodbarn - James Gould Michael Graff - Chris Griffiths Olafur Gudmundsson - Gilles Guette Andreas Gustafsson Jun-ichiro Itojun Hagino Staffan Hagnell Phillip Hallam-Baker Ilja Hallberg - Bob Halley Cathy Handley - Wes Hardaker Ted Hardie - Ashley Heineman Jeremy Hitchcock - Bernie Hoeneisen Alfred Hoenes - Paul Hoffman Scott Hollenbeck - Russ Housley Geoff Houston - Walter Howard Bert Hubert - Greg Hudson Christian Huitema - Shumon Huque Johan Ihren - Stephen Jacob Jelte Jansen - Rodney Joffe Simon Josefsson - Daniel Kalchev Andris Kalnozols - Dan -
Securing the Border Gateway Protocol by Stephen T
September 2003 Volume 6, Number 3 A Quarterly Technical Publication for From The Editor Internet and Intranet Professionals In This Issue The task of adding security to Internet protocols and applications is a large and complex one. From a user’s point of view, the security- enhanced version of any given component should behave just like the From the Editor .......................1 old version, just be “better and more secure.” In some cases this is simple. Many of us now use a Secure Shell Protocol (SSH) client in place of Telnet, and shop online using the secure version of HTTP. But Securing BGP: S-BGP...............2 there is still work to be done to ensure that all of our protocols and associated applications provide security. In this issue we will look at Securing BGP: soBGP ............15 routing, specifically the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) and efforts that are underway to provide security for this critical component of the Internet infrastructure. As is often the case with emerging Internet Virus Trends ..........................23 technologies, there exists more than one proposed solution for securing BGP. Two solutions, S-BGP and soBGP, are described by Steve Kent and Russ White, respectively. IPv6 Behind the Wall .............34 The Internet gets attacked by various forms of viruses and worms with Call for Papers .......................40 some regularity. Some of these attacks have been quite sophisticated and have caused a great deal of nuisance in recent months. The effects following the Sobig.F virus are still very much being felt as I write this. Fragments ..............................41 Tom Chen gives us an overview of the trends surrounding viruses and worms. -
Update 6: Internet Society 20Th Anniversary and Global INET 2012
Update 6: Internet Society 20th Anniversary and Global INET 2012 Presented is the latest update (edited from the previous “Update #6) on the Global INET 2012 and Internet Hall of Fame. Executive Summary By all accounts, Global INET was a great success. Bringing together a broad audience of industry pioneers; policy makers; technologists; business executives; global influencers; ISOC members, chapters and affiliated community; and Internet users, we hosted more than 600 attendees in Geneva, and saw more than 1,300 participate from remote locations. Global INET kicked off with our pre‐conference programs: Global Chapter Workshop, Collaborative Leadership Exchange and the Business Roundtable. These three programs brought key audiences to the event, and created a sense of energy and excitement that lasted through the week. Of key importance to the program was our outstanding line‐up of keynotes, including Dr. Leonard Kleinrock, Jimmy Wales, Francis Gurry, Mitchell Baker and Vint Cerf. The Roundtable discussions at Global INET featured critical topics, and included more than 70 leading experts engaged in active dialogue with both our in‐room and remote audiences. It was truly an opportunity to participate. The evening of Monday 23 April was an important night of celebration and recognition for the countless individuals and organizations that have dedicated time and effort to advancing the availability and vitality of the Internet. Featuring the Internet Society's 20th Anniversary Awards Gala and the induction ceremony for the Internet Hall of Fame, the importance of the evening cannot be understated. The media and press coverage we have already received is a testament to the historic nature of the Internet Hall of Fame. -
List of Internet Pioneers
List of Internet pioneers Instead of a single "inventor", the Internet was developed by many people over many years. The following are some Internet pioneers who contributed to its early development. These include early theoretical foundations, specifying original protocols, and expansion beyond a research tool to wide deployment. The pioneers Contents Claude Shannon The pioneers Claude Shannon Claude Shannon (1916–2001) called the "father of modern information Vannevar Bush theory", published "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" in J. C. R. Licklider 1948. His paper gave a formal way of studying communication channels. It established fundamental limits on the efficiency of Paul Baran communication over noisy channels, and presented the challenge of Donald Davies finding families of codes to achieve capacity.[1] Charles M. Herzfeld Bob Taylor Vannevar Bush Larry Roberts Leonard Kleinrock Vannevar Bush (1890–1974) helped to establish a partnership between Bob Kahn U.S. military, university research, and independent think tanks. He was Douglas Engelbart appointed Chairman of the National Defense Research Committee in Elizabeth Feinler 1940 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, appointed Director of the Louis Pouzin Office of Scientific Research and Development in 1941, and from 1946 John Klensin to 1947, he served as chairman of the Joint Research and Development Vint Cerf Board. Out of this would come DARPA, which in turn would lead to the ARPANET Project.[2] His July 1945 Atlantic Monthly article "As We Yogen Dalal May Think" proposed Memex, a theoretical proto-hypertext computer Peter Kirstein system in which an individual compresses and stores all of their books, Steve Crocker records, and communications, which is then mechanized so that it may Jon Postel [3] be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility. -
NSFNET: the Partnership That Changed the World
NSFNET: The Partnership that Changed the World Celebrating 20 Years of Internet Innovation and Progress November 29-30, 2007 Crystal Gateway Marriott, Arlington, Virginia Contents: Event Supporters 2 Program at a Glance 3 Detailed Agenda 4 - 8 Speaker Biographies 9 - 16 NSFNET: The Partnership that Changed the World 1 The organizers wish to thank the following organizations for supporting this event: Advanced Network & Services, Inc. www.advanced.org Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com IBM www.ibm.com Internet2 www.internet2.edu Juniper Networks www.juniper.net Merit Network, Inc. www.merit.edu National Science Foundation www.nsf.gov 2 Program at a Glance (see pages 4 - 8 for detailed program) Thursday, November 29, 2007 - General Program 7:30 - 8:30 a.m. Registration and Continental Breakfast 8:30 - 9:15 Welcome Speakers: Eric M. Aupperle and Jane Caviness The Internet History Archive Speaker: Doug Gale Introductory Comments Speaker: John H. Marburger, III Keynote - NSFNET: The Phenomenon Speaker: Douglas E. Van Houweling 9:20 - 10:35 Panel - NSFNET: The Beginnings Moderator: Lawrence Landweber 10:35 - 11:00 Break 11:00 - 11:55 Panel - NSFNET: The Solicitation & The Merit Partnership Moderator: Jane Caviness 11:55 - 12:45 Lunch 12:45 - 1:45 Panel - NSFNET: The T1—The Internet Comes of Age Moderator: Eric M. Aupperle 1:50 - 2:50 Panel - NSFNET: The T3 Backbone Service—The Internet Matures Moderator: Allan H. Weis 2:50 - 3:15 Break 3:15 - 4:35 Panel - NSFNET: The Community Moderator: Doug Gale 4:40 - 5:30 Panel - NSFNET: The Impact on Research and Science Moderator: George O. -
The Amateur Computerist Gathers an Article Was Written and Published in the Some Documents from That Celebration
The Amateur Comp u terist http://www.ais.org/~jrh/acn/ Summer 2008 ‘Across the Great Wall’ Volume 16 No. 2 2007. Participating were international Internet pio- Celebration neers, representatives of the Internet in China and The First Email Message from China to CSNET historians and journalists. From 1983 to 1987, two teams of scientists and engineers worked to overcome the technical, financial, and geographic obstacles to set up an email connection between China and the interna- tional CSNET. One team was centered around Werner Zorn at Karlsruhe University in the Federal Republic of Germany. The other team was under the general guidance of Wang Yuenfung at the In- stitute for Computer Applications (ICA) in the Peo- ple’s Republic of China. The project succeeded based on the scientific and technical skill and friendship, resourcefulness and dedication of the members of both teams. The first successful email message was sent on Sept 20, 1987 from Beijing to computer scien- tists in Germany, the U.S. and Ireland. The China- CSNET connection was granted official recogni- tion and approval on Nov 8 1987 when a letter (Composed 14 Sept 1987, sent 20 Sept 1987) signed by the Director of the U.S. National Science Foundation Division of Networking and Commu- A celebration of the 20th anniversary of the nications Research and Infrastructure Stephen first email message that was sent from China to the Wolff was forwarded to the head of the Chinese world via the international Computer Science Net- delegation, Yang Chuquan at an International work (CSNET) was held at the Hasso Plattner In- Networkshop in the U.S. -
Vannevar Bush and JCR Licklider
Spring 2007 On the Origin of the Net and the Netizen Volume 15 No. 2 attracted attention. People on every continent Netizens and WSIS: wanted access. In 1998, at the International Tele- Celebrating the Demand for communications Union (ITU) Plenipotentiary Universal Access Conference, Tunisia suggested the idea of a World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). In 2002, recognizing the challenge to make access to the information society and the Internet universal, In the early 1990s, Michael Hauben and the United Nations General Assembly endorsed a Ronda Hauben began to document the history and proposal to hold such a summit. There were to be social impact of Usenet and the Internet. In 1994, two phases, the first in Geneva in 2003 and the they put their research online as the netizens second in Tunis in 2005. The papers gathered in netbook. Its title was “Netizens and the Wonderful this issue of the Amateur Computerist were World of the Net.” Then, in May 1997 there presented as a panel in the scientific side event appeared a print edition, Netizens: On the History conference, the Past, Present, and Future of and Impact of Usenet and the Internet,1 which is Research in the Information Society (PPF),2 held in celebrating its tenth anniversary in 2007. conjunction with the Tunis phase of the WSIS. Michael Hauben opens Chapter One of the The WSIS events with their culminating book Netizens with the greeting: meeting in Tunis in Nov 2005 demonstrated the Welcome to the 21st Century. You are a grassroots desire for the promise of the Internet Netizen (a Net Citizen), and you exist as a and of the netizen to be realized around the globe. -
How the Internet Became Commercial: Innovation
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. 1 Ubiquitous Clicks and How It All Started I think the press has a tendency to pick a person and paint them 10 feet tall. In fact, each of us does a little piece and I’ve done one thing, people add on that and then another. So you get credit for doing the whole damn thing, and that’s not so. —Paul Baran, after receiving the National Medal of Technology and Innovation1 ne day I watched my children use the Internet and soon found my- Oself talking with them about the Internet in the same effusive way my immigrant grandparents talked about the wonders of electricity and the magic of transcontinental air flights. My kids just shrugged their shoul- ders at their father’s dramatics and went back to surfing the web and play- ing online games. My children cannot imagine a world without the Internet. Clicks are fa- miliar. Hasn’t it always been so? Modern economies frequently change frontier technologies into widely used ones— from the mysterious to the unremarkable. The Internet was once exotic to all but a small set of cognoscenti, but long ago the technol- ogy spread to a majority of households and businesses. In the process of becoming ubiquitous it transformed how we work and live—changing how consumers behave, and altering how firms provide products and services. 1 The quote comes from Cassidy (2011).