Guide to Authors Catalyst: Discovery Into Practice Is an Online Hybrid Journal Published by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture Video Submissions: (ASEV)

Accelerating adoption of innovative wine and grape research and technologies.

2021 Revision Guide to Authors Catalyst: Discovery into Practice is an online hybrid journal published by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture Video Submissions: (ASEV). Catalyst publishes peer-reviewed, novel, and creative • Size limitation on video files is 50 MB. - • For files larger than 50 MB, either send with Dropbox or enter celerates adoption of innovative technologies by the grape and a URL address where file may be accessed. winework industries.that translates Authors research need notfindings be ASEV into members practice inand order ac to publish in Catalyst. Catalyst will consider the following types impacting the grape or wine industries. Topical analyses may of submissions: Reports, Technical Briefs, Reviews, Insights, be contributed by authors or invited by the editorial board. Ex- and Topical Analyses. Submissions may be text or video-based amples include impending regulatory changes, emerging pests or presented in multimedia. Submissions to Catalyst span the and diseases, or consumer perceptions. Topical analyses may disciplines in which discovery may impact production practices, focus on regional, national, or international issues. - chemistry, biocontrol, chemistry, economics, engineering, enol- Editorial Polices ogy,including management enology andsociology, viticulture microbiology, and related plant fields biology, such as plant bio Review Process. All submitted contributions are evaluated genetics, pest management, plant pathology, plant physiology, soil science, waste management, sensory and consumer sciences, potential for impact. The goal of Catalyst is to facilitate transla- and other applicable areas. tionby peers of discovery on the basis into of practice. scientific Articles or technical must merit,be intelligible novelty, andto a Reports - broad, technically savvy audience. Submitted contributions are diate use by grapegrowers and winemakers. Cultural practices, assigned to an associate editor by one of the subject area editors. present research findings that can be put to imme Catalyst aims to return timely reviews, recognizing that review- and regional reports and analyses are examples of possible ers and editors do volunteer their time and may often be delayed subjectcomparisons matter of forwine reports. production Reports technologies should make and theiruse of efficacy, sound by other duties. Authors are expected to review other submitted experimental trial design and enable application of regional manuscripts when requested by Catalyst. research in other areas or translation to such areas. The editors reserve the right to edit accepted manuscripts to Technical Briefs provide limited new information that will make them conform with Catalyst style and/or to return them manuscripts may describe a new assay method, validate or im- been submitted within six months following the date of the initial provebe beneficial upon an to existing technical method, members or provide of the aindustry. comparative Appropriate analysis to the authors for further clarification. Any revision that has not of the impact of different processing methods. Technical briefs pre-notice communicated to the author by the managing editor). Ifdecision the authors notification wish for letter the manuscriptwill be considered to still bewithdrawn considered (with by Catalyst, the manuscript must be resubmitted and undergo a full areReviews generally criticallyno longer thanassess three practical, to five published methodological, pages (3,300 new review process. Authors submitting a revision may wish to show discoverieswords, excluding and procedures figures and and tables). translate basic knowledge into the changes they have made in “Track Changes” mode. If so, a ver- practice. Reviews include surveys and comparative analyses of sion of the manuscript in “Track Changes” should be preceded by production options, wine laboratory methods, winemaking or vineyard management practices, grape variety or rootstock fact or tables, with all tracked changes approved. Catalyst accepts sheets, diagnostic guides, vineyard mapping and crop estimation manuscriptsanother version from of the commercial revised manuscript, vendors and complete suppliers with figuresif they - meet general publication standards and lack product promotion. tial impact on industry practices. Reviews may vary in length Text-based contributions. Text-based contributions are andprotocols, depth asfrom well short as scientific communications advancements to multipart and their extension poten those in which the bulk of the contribution is written, though manuals. articles may contain short embedded videos in cases where a Insights provide new information or a novel perspective on a variety of issues and processes including protocol optimization, See section on video-based contributions for information on ap- methods application, best practices, topical advice, software use propriatevideo can videoconvey formatting. information Text-based more clearly manuscripts than a staticwill undergo figure. and selection, development of innovative methodologies, production database development, and management. Insights are a screening review to determine if the subject and/or content isa two-step suitable reviewfor the process.journal, Theis written associate using editor appropriate will first perform journal Topical Analyses are short communications that provide formatting, and meets standards for novelty, impact, and clarity of timely,generally science-based short communications analysis of covering critical specific or emerging topical issuesareas. presentation and language for a general audience. A manuscript

1 2 — Guide to Authors that passes the initial screening will be sent to at least two review- Agreement, which can be found on both the www.asevcatalyst. ers. Additional reviewers may be consulted if an editor feels that org and http://catalyst.edmgr.com sites. It is the corresponding they are needed to adequately evaluate the submission. Reviewer author’s responsibility to obtain consent from all coauthors comments and the associate editor’s decision regarding acceptability of the manuscript will be forwarded to the corresponding author by the managing editor. Review decisions are: Accept, and provide them with a copy of both the submitted and final Revise, or Reject, with comments of the reviewers supporting ownershipmanuscripts. or application,All authors mustany relationship reveal to the with editors a funding any conflictsource, the decision provided to the author in a reviewer-blind format. of interest in the research, including financial interest and patent- Revised manuscripts may be subject to an additional round of tributing, or selling any products that are noted in the manuscript. peer review at the associate editor’s discretion and depending Inas somewell as cases, any financial publication interest may in be any contingent entities manufacturing, on such disclosure, dis on the nature of requested revision. and the editors may recommend general statements regarding Video-based contributions. While text-based contributions such disclosure be added to the acknowledgments section of the may contain short embedded videos to help illustrate key points, manuscript. For all manuscripts, all funding sources, institutional video contributions may stand alone, without accompanying and corporate, must be cited in the acknowledgments section. text. Stand-alone video contributions will undergo a three-step review process. Using the “Video” submission type in Editorial Article Formatting Manager, authors should initially submit a script of the proposed Articles must be correctly formatted for their type. Format video that describes the content to be covered and the nature manuscripts for letter size (8.5 by 11 inches) paper in 12 pt - Times New Roman font with numbered pages, consecutively ity and submission). Video-based contributions should meet numbered lines, and double spaced. All manuscripts must follow of the visual materials to be filmed (see section on video qual word usage (see abbreviations at the end of this guide and consult scriptsimilar to scientific determine and if technical it meets standardscriteria for as novelty print submissions. and impact theAmerican-English ACS Style Guide standards (American of spelling,Chemical scientific Society). notation, Manuscripts and andThe associateis technically editor sound. will first If the conduct script a passesscreening initial review review, of the it should identify the article type (Report, Technical Brief, Review, will be sent to two peer reviewers to provide a more thorough Insight, or Topical Analysis) and follow guidelines for that article review of the content and the proposed visuals to be used in the type (listed below). Catalyst places high importance on the reader experience. regarding acceptability of the script will be forwarded to the All articles should include on the cover page a title limited to correspondingfilming. Reviewer author comments by the managingand the associate editor. Review editor’s decisions decision are: Accept, Revise, or Reject. Authors who meet the standards for take-home messages) rather than descriptive (covering the scope acceptable video presentation will then be invited to proceed with of120 the characters. article). Authors Titles should are encouraged be declarative to use in activenature rather (reflecting than submit the video through Editorial Manager as a revision. The and complete captions, legends, and footnotes to stand alone submittedfilming. Once video the willvideo then filming be screened is complete, by the the associate authors shouldeditor andpassive deliver voice. meaning Figures separately and tables from must the have text sufficiently in the body detailed of the and sent to two peer reviewers to determine if it meets journal manuscript. An expanded abstract format, termed summary, is standards of quality of presentation. The associate editor will used, divided into sections as described for each article type. - goal of this review process is to provide input to the authors at themake conceptual the final decisionstage of theto accept/revise/reject proposed video so thatthe video.only those The submissionBelow the and title, publication, articles should please list notify all authors the managing and their editor affili concepts likely to ultimately be accepted are pursued. Multiple withations. the If presentan author’s address affiliation details, has which changed will between be included the timeon the of styles of video are acceptable (voice, voice-over, live, animation, manuscript. The corresponding author should be designated etc.). The visual and audio components of the video must be of and contact information (email) provided. If appropriate, an acknowledgment section noting the source of funds or materi- The audio component must be clearly audible at all times and the als should be included. This section should also note personal sufficient quality to assure viewers will engage with the material. acknowledgments of assistance and nonauthor contributions and so that key visual elements are clearly discernable. visual component should possess sufficient lighting and contrast Key words. Create a list of approximately six key words, Submission of Contributions selectingdeclare any from potential the list conflicts that is available of interest online by any at http://catalyst.of the authors. Catalyst accepts only online submissions of articles and videos. edmgr.com. Authors may “write in” up to two key words of their Both text and video contributions can be submitted via the jour- own selection that do not appear on the Catalyst key word list, nal’s Editorial Manager website (https://www.editorialmanager. if necessary. com/catalyst/default.aspx). A cover letter must accompany the REPORTS submission to describe the novelty and impact of the work and Reports should be organized according to the following format. state that all authors who contributed to the manuscript have Longer reports (more than three printed journal pages) should approved the submission and that the manuscript is not currently set off each section with the following headers. Brief reports (less under review with another publication. In addition, authors will than three printed pages) do not need to be divided into separate and signed copy of the Catalyst: Discovery into Practice Author need to upload, email, fax, or mail to the Journal office a completed sections but should follow the flow presented as follows. Catalyst: Discovery into Practice Guide to Authors — 3 Summary (150-300 words) will be a summary. The summary should be divided into three Significance (50-100 words): This section should present the sections labeled as follows: . The first section of the paper majorbulleted conclusion format the of thekey study findings and of its the relevance work. to winemaking Goals (50-100 words) and/or grapegrowing. rationale for undertaking the research. Overview. This section will introduce and describe the : This section should briefly state the Key Findings (50-150 words): This section should outline in a question or questions to be addressed by the work and their

Impact and Significance (50-100 words): This section should of previous work in the area should be presented. Authors should presentbulleted theformat major the conclusion key findings and of impact the work. of the study and its significance for the grape or wine industries. A concise summary relevance to winemaking and/or grapegrowing. such that the major observations follow naturally. sufficiently introduce the study and its rationale in the overview Overview. This section will describe the question or questions Major Observations and Interpretations. This section will issues facing the grape or wine industries. A brief summary of previousto be addressed work in by the the area work and and the their novelty significance of the instudy addressing should return to the key findings list from the summary and present the observational details and interpretations of those findings. The Significance. the overview such that the major observations follow naturally. data associated with each finding should be included. be presented. Authors should sufficiently introduce the study in This section will build upon the key findings Major Observations and Interpretations. This section will section is to place the study presented in appropriate context. and briefly describe the implications of the work. The aim of this References and Endnotes. References, endnotes, and additional reading (optional) should be formatted as described sectionreturn to can the be key divided findings into list subsections, from the summary each with and the present header the of under “References and Endnotes” on page 7. observational details and interpretations of those findings. The should be included. Supplemental information may also be includ- REVIEWS edone as of necessary; the key findings. that is, observations The data associated necessary with to understanding each finding Reviews cover a broad area of communications of interest to the grape and wine industry and should use the following format: Broader Impact. - Summary (300-500 words). The summary should be divided the key finding that might not directly lead to that finding. into the following sections: future impacts/applications This section of the will work build or material upon the being key findpre- Aim (50-100 words): What is the purpose of writing the review? sented.ings and The describe aim of the this broader section significance is to place the of the study work, presented including in What lack in knowledge or interpretation of that knowledge is this work designed to address? be interpreted in a broader context? For winemaking, how do the Key Themes (50-150 words): What are the key observations appropriate context. For example, how can a regional field trial of this review? This can be a list of key topical areas to be covered and could be presented as a set of critical questions findings apply to other styles/varieties/processing decisions? Experimental Design. This section will provide the rationale to be answered within the review. This should be presented forWhat the are experimental the factors designthat might used limit in the the study, scope rather of a finding? than simply as a bulleted list. reporting the methodologies used. Why were particular methods Impact and Significance (50-100 words): What key information chosen? Why were alternative methods not chosen? What were does this work provide or what key questions does it address? Overview. This section should present the rationale for writ- In other words, do not merely focus on what was done, but why it ing the review article. What are the key issues/problems/pro- the key elements of field trial design or of winemaking protocols? was done in the way presented. Experiments are expected to be duction questions that are going to be addressed? The previous properly replicated and repeated in time (for example, multiple work in the topical area of the review should be summarized. years) and/or space (different locations). Authors should provide Key Themes. This section should refer back to the key themes presented in the summary and should be organized into subsec- References and Endnotes. References, endnotes, and additions based on those key themes. Where appropriate, themes tionaljustification reading for (optional) studies that should have be not formatted been repeated. as described under “References and Endnotes” on page 7. Significance. - should be supported by artwork, figures, charts, and tables. TECHNICAL BRIEFS cance statement of the summary and describe the intersection of the major themesThis and section key take-home should expand messages. upon the signifi Technical Briefs provide limited new information that is ben- References and Endnotes. References, endnotes, and additional reading (optional) should be formatted as described eficial to technical members of the industry. They are generally no under “References and Endnotes” on page 7. longer than three to five published pages (3,300 words, excluding Summary (150-300 words). The summary should be divided INSIGHTS intofigures the and following tables) sections: and should use the following format: Goals (50-100 words) rationale for undertaking the research. pages.These Insights types ofare communications at the intersection focus between on a specific a Report topical and area a : This section should briefly state the Key Findings (50-150 words): This section should outline in a Reviewand are andexpected combine to be elements brief, no of more both. than These three articles to five should printed be

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice 4 — Guide to Authors

Assessment. This section should return to the key considerations and provide an objective assessment of each. Diagrams, topicaldivided areas into the should following be followed, sections, but identified not differentiated. as such in longer communications. For shorter communications, the flow of these Summary (150-300 words). The summary should be divided made. Statements should be based on factual information rather into the following three sections: thanfigures, opinion. and data If factual can be information used to support is lacking, the it statements is appropriate being to Importance (50-100 words): This section should address the discuss the need for additional data and the nature of those data. following: why is this communication important? What major Impact and Significance. This section will return to the im- issue(s) does it aim to address? Key Observations (50-150 words): This section includes a bul- detail on the issues raised in that section. pact and significance section of the summary and provide more - References and Endnotes. References, endnotes, and additions arising from this study. tional reading (optional) should be formatted as described under leted list of the critical clarifications of thought and interpreta Impact and Significance (50-100 words): This section will sum- “References and Endnotes” on page 7. marize strategic insights arising from the work. VIDEO SUBMISSIONS Overview. This section will introduce the major issues un- derlying the topical area. What technical or production issue is and technical standards for content as print submissions. The being addressed by this study? What previous work has been initialVideo text submissions (script) submission are expected of the to meetproposed the same video scientific should conducted, what were the conclusions, and what is the importance of the current work? accuracy, novelty, need, and impact. Discoveries. This section will return to the bulleted list of provide sufficient detail to enable review of the content for key observations and be divided into sections paralleling that Technical Specifications for Video Abstracts. list. Each section should provide data where necessary or sum- http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/page/Video%20 © IOP maries of cited work. abstract%20guidelines Publishing ( Outcomes. This section will provide a summary of the major ). Reproduced by permission of IOP Video abstracts must meet minimum standards of quality for conclusion(s) derived from the work. The conclusions may be Publishing. All rights reserved. based on data obtained or derive from a review of previous work both video and audio components. In creating a video abstract, in the context of the work presented in this communication. References and Endnotes. References, endnotes, and addi- authors are asked to meet the following specifications: tional reading (optional) should be formatted as described under • Frame rate: 25–30 frames per second “References and Endnotes” on page 7. • Aspect ratio: 16:9 or 4:3, square pixels, deinterlaced • Format: .mov, .mpg, or .mp4 TOPICAL ANALYSES • Frame size: (minimum) 320 × 240 pixels Topical analyses succinctly present an emerging area of con- • Video codec: H.264, mp2, mp4 cern for the grape and wine industries. These communications • Video encoding: 2 pass H.264 preferred • Keyframe: at least every six seconds divided into the following sections: are expected to be brief, no more than 3-5 printed pages, and • Video bitrate: 480–2672 kbps Summary (150-300 words). The summary should be divided into three sections: • Audio bitrate: 16-bit AAC audio at a sampling frequency Issue Statement (50-150 words): This section should objectively of 44.1kHz present the issue to be addressed in the communication. • Bitrate of 192 kbps Key Considerations (50-150 words): This section should present a bulleted summary of the key factors impacting the issue to be For tips and sug- discussed and, depending upon the topic, should include brief How• Maximum to Make file a size: Good 50 Video MB Abstract. statements on potential impacts to grape/wine quality and gestions on making a video abstract, see the following page on impacts on processing decisions, practices, or implementation. http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/page/How%20 to%20make%20a%20good%20video%20abstract. Impact and Significance (50-100 words): This section will IOPScience: describe the key importance of the issue and the need for it to be addressed. For example, if the issue concerns an emerging disease or pest, how quickly is that pest/disease likely to spread, or what are the potential consequences of spread? If it is a pending regulation, what are the consequences of imple- menting that regulation?

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice Guide to Authors — 5

VIDEO SUBMISSIONS The video script and storyboard should use the following format:

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice VIDEO SUBMISSION Title of Video production:

Authors and Affiliations: ABSTRACT and CONCEPTS (300 word summary of goal and expected content of video) SCRIPT and STORYBOARD NAME of Corresponding Author/Videographer:

TYPE OF VIDEO: live, animation, voice, voice-over, combination Contact information:

PROPOSED LENGTH: TITLE:TOPIC: Visual Style: (Live, Animation, Still Shot) Descriptive Text for storyboard

Interview (I); Recorded Voice (RV) Audio Style: (Natural Sound (NS); Voice-Over Narration (VON); Visual: Scene 1:

Audio: Visual: Scene 2:

Audio:

See an example of a Video Submission on the next page.

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice 6 — Guide to Authors

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice VIDEO SUBMISSION EXAMPLE

Title of Video production: Yeast Identification Using Microscopy University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 Authors and Affiliations: Linda F. Bisson, Department of Viticulture and Enology, The aim of this video is to show how to align and set up a microscope and then show typical photographs of microorganisms ABSTRACT and CONCEPTS (300 limit word summary of goal and expected content of video) organisms versus debris and to tentatively identify those organisms as best as can be accomplished by microscopy alone. as seen through a microscope. This video will serve to train individuals in use of the microscope and in identification of living SCRIPT and STORYBOARD NAME of Corresponding Author/Videographer: Linda Bisson

TYPE OF VIDEO: live, animation, voice, voice-over, combination Contact information: [email protected] PROPOSED LENGTH: 12 minutes microbial populations of grapes, juices and wine. TOPIC: Use of the common winery lab microscope to monitor

Scene 1: Bisson will introduce the importance of use of the wine laboratory microscope. TITLE: Yeast Identification Using Microscopy Visual: Live shot of an Active “The Microscope is one of the most critical tools in a winery laboratory to assure Fermentation fermentation progression and the absence of spoilage. Yeast and bacteria may be

Duration: 0.5 minute Audio: VON, Linda Bisson beneficial to the wine, benign, or agents of aroma or taste deterioration. Although many organisms look alike and DNA sequence analysis is required to make a definitive identification,bottling.” microscopic analyses can be used to assess relative purity of fermentations, Scene 2: Thespot components emergence of of populations the microscope in finished will be winespointed during out: occulars, aging, and lens, monitor stage. stability slide holder post- Visual: Animation: Shot of Microscope that will move as Bisson will describe the purpose of each feature of the microscope as it is shown. features are pointed out on stage, coarse adjustment, fine adjustment.

Duration 1 minute Audio: VON, Bisson

Visual: live shot of Bisson placing a “This is how the slide should be placed on the microscope stage and the appropriate lens slideScene on 3: the microscope then swung into place.” Audio: Live Duration 0.2 minute Scene 4: Visual: image under the microscope “The image on the slide will likely not be in focus.”

Duration: 0.1 minute Audio VON, Bisson Scene 5: “While looking at the microscope lens and slide, the coarse adjustment can be used to Visual: still shot of the course and while viewing the slide through the occulars to focus on the specimen.” bring the lens in close proximity with the slide. The fine adjustment knob can be used fine adjustment Duration: 0.2 minute Audio: VON, Bisson Scene 6: Visual: live shot of Bisson focusing the microscope Bisson will show proper technique for use of coarse and fine adjustment. Audio: NS Duration: 0.2 minutes Script and Storyboard will continue for the entire video.

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice Guide to Authors — 7

References and Endnotes (RE) Chapter in book: Authors should only cite salient references, typically no more In Wine - Sponholz WR. 1993. Wine spoilage by microorganisms. Microbiology and Biotechnology. Fleet GH (ed.), pp. 395-420. relevantthan 35 depending references upon that theare natureaccessible of the through article; anreviews, information for ex ConferenceHarwood proceedings: Academic Publishers, Chur, Switzerland. system:ample, may journal require articles, more books, than 35 chapters references. in books, List only proceedings, published, bulletins, reports, patents, theses, dissertations, and in-press ar- impact vine cold hardiness. In InternationalWample RL and Symposium Wolf TK. 1996.on Cool Practical Climate considerations Enology and Vitithat- references are preferred. Proceedings for the Fourth ticles that have a date, volume, and page numbers. Peer-reviewed Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva. presentations, unpublished data, personal communications, culture. Henick-Kling T et al. (eds.), pp. 23-38. New York State Thesis: manuscriptsPertinent in references preparation to or unpublished submitted for abstracts publication, and letters, oral company publications, databases, and software used for analysis Thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing. can be included as endnotes. For personal communication and Wolpert JA. 1983. Cold acclimation of Concord grapevines. unpublished data, obtain permission from the person cited and References to unpublished data, personal communication, provide the editors with the written permission. articles submitted for publication, software, websites, databases, References and endnotes should be assigned unique sequen- company publications, and unpublished abstracts should be listed tial numbers as superscripts where they appear in the text. within parentheses in the text. Unpublished data and communications: should be used in subsequent sections referring to that refer- (A. Reynolds, unpublished data); (G. Creasy, personal com- enceOnce ora referenceendnote. Use is assigned endnotes a tonumber convey in detailed the text, information that number of munication). Software: example, methodological details, numbers of replications, and “. . . data were analyzed with SAS statistical software (ver. 8.1; statisticalinterest to treatmentsexperts in the should field bebut included not to a generalas endnotes. audience. For Forthe SAS Institute, Cary, NC).” online version, hovering on the endnote/reference will bring up the content in a side box. Website: In a list at the end of the paper, combine the endnotes and “as found on the ASEV website (www.asev.org).” Database: Listed references should be prepared as shown in the samples “. . . vector sequences were removed by cross-match (www. references in numerical order as they were first cited in the text. provided below. All authors of an article must be listed in the RE, genome.washington.edu).” “Additional Readings” are optional and, if included, should fol- al.”). If a source has no author, list the sponsoring organization or low the list of References and Endnotes. If desired, authors can publisher;unless there do are not over use 10 “Anonymous” authors (if so, or list acronyms. the first author and “et include Additional Readings, listing previous work that may bear Authors must ensure the accuracy of all references listed in the upon the topics presented in the paper but that are not directly RE section. In the full-text version, Internet hyperlinks between cited or that may refer readers to topically related information. the RE and the actual referenced articles will not link if there are This section will be more appropriate for Reviews, Insights, and errors in the information (author, title, journal title, volume, and Topical Analyses but may be considered for Reports and Technical page numbers). Readers increasingly depend on these hyperlinks, Briefs as appropriate and at the discretion of the authors. making it imperative that information is accurate and complete. Authors will be charged an extra fee if RE contains excessive er- Tables and Figures rors that need to be addressed during editing. Endnotes should Tables. Information presented in tables must be self-explan- be as brief as possible and may contain references within them. atory and independent of the text in the body of the manuscript. Hyperlinks will also be provided for references listed in the Ad- If only a few values are presented or if the information is simply ditional Reading section (described below), so the information a list, then place the information in the text rather than in a table. for these references must also be accurate. If a reference management program is used to format the references and citations fromDo not the repeat same datadata inset, the unless text thatthis areis essential given in to a tablemaking or differfigure- list and in-text references) must be removed prior to submission. entand keymake observations). sure tables and figures are not redundant (generated in the manuscript, all field codes (gray shading on the reference The correct order of elements in sources is noted below. Construct tables using a word-processing program, not in Journal article: or 8.9 cm) or two columns (7.25 inches or 18.4 cm). The table Kennedy JA, Saucier C and Glories Y. 2006. Grape and wine captionExcel or should as a fixed summarize object. They the information must fit within in the one table (3.5 without inches repeating the column headings. Each column must have a brief Book:phenolics: History and perspective. Am J Enol Vitic 57:239-248. heading that names the variable being measured and indicates - the unit of measurement within parentheses, such as (mg/L) or

Boulton RB, Singleton VL, Bisson LF and Kunkee RE. 1996. Prin ciples and Practices of Winemaking. Chapman & Hall, New York. (%). If significance of value is indicated, use a lowercase letter

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice 8 — Guide to Authors

(not superscript). Explain nonstandard abbreviations in footnotes. Designate footnotes with superscript lowercase letters beginning print. A graphic with too low a resolution will appear blurry with a (a, b, c). Use the same style for all tables. Cite tables in andtion pixelated(see below), when or professionallydots per inch printed.(DPI), at the size they will numeric order in the manuscript. • Acceptable resolutions for tiff, jpeg, and bitmap images: The Figures. 1200 DPI for monochrome: For images that are purely black and Submitted figures must be high quality and ready for Captions must describe the contents so that each illustration is white,minimum such requirements as line graphs. for resolutions in figure files are: understandablepublication. Cite whenall figures considered in numeric apart order from in thethe text.manuscript. If your 300 DPI for halftones (CMYK/RGB/grayscale): For images con- artwork is from another source, you will need to obtain permis- taining pictures or areas of gray or color shades only—an image sion from the copyright holder prior to publication of the article. that does not containing any text labeling or lines. Figure construction: As Catalyst is published online, there are 600 DPI for combination of lines or text with halftones: For im- no charges associated with the use of color. Therefore, authors ages containing pictures or areas of gray or color shades and are encouraged to use color when it can provide insight or clarity. text labeling and/or thin lines. - cal axis (y axis, or ordinate) and to the horizontal axis (x axis, or For line graphs and frame graphs, affix index marks to the verti abscissa). Use symbols to indicate data points: open circles for the • Saving your images as tiff, jpeg, or bitmap files: Crop figures with only a small amount of white space bordering ). If Use the correct resolution (see above). them. (This reduces file size.) afirst graph set requiresof data and more filled than circles six symbols, for the considersecond; triangles, presenting open the Select grayscale (for black and white) or CMYK or RGB (for dataand filled, in two are graphs. next; then Keys squares, to symbols open should and filled be set ( in a small box color). in the graph (or next to it); do not place them within the caption.

Select LZW Compression (to reduce file size) and Byte Order: left or right corner of the panels. (All panels should be included - • For a multipanel figure, place a capital A, B, C, etc. in the upper IBM PC. loaded from website pages—are low-resolution images (usu- • Unacceptable file types: Internet graphics—graphics down in the same file.) acceptable at the discretion of the managing editor. acceptable quality standards for print. • Special effects, such as 3-dimensional bar charts or graphs are ally 72 DPI), which are fine for screen displays, but far below • Use solid gray/color shades in bar charts rather than patterns; If you have additional questions, please email the differentiate among shades by at least 20%. • Include error bars as appropriate. Supplemental Data • Line weights: Use line weights of 0.5 point. For prominent lines, publications coordinator ([email protected]). such as graph plot lines, the weight should be approximately Catalyst is able to publish online supplemental data for some 1.0 point. articles. It is intended that these data should not be necessary to - the understanding of an article, but instead might be helpful in further consideration of the article (for example previous meth- • Fonts:Do not Use use Arial,boldface Helvetica, type, except or Symbol for the fonts “A,” for“B,” the “C,” text etc., in used fig ods in common use) or replication of the study. A supplemental inures. designating Capitalize parts only ofthe multipanel first letter graphics. of the first word in labels. - als are freely available to all Catalyst subscribers. file should be referred to at least once in an article. These materi • Figure sizes: Figures should be submitted at the size specified Single-column figure: for either single- or double-column figures: Authors may be charged a fee for the supplemental file, given Double-column figure: 7.25 inches (18.4 cm) wide. the file size and editingReporting needs. Information 3.5 inches (8.9 cm) wide. Maximum figure height: No more than 9.5 inches (24.5 cm), Statistical methods and replications. For reports, authors must present enough details of their experimental design so There are two basic options for submitting that the results can be judged for validity and so that previous including space for figure caption underneath. Catalyst: experiments may serve as a basis for the design of future experi- • Acceptable file types: ments. Statistical methodology should be of the same rigor as that electronic figure files to expected for the American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. as tiff, jpeg, or bitmap images) in Microsoft Word, Excel, or 1. Place your original files (before being exported or saved It is suggested that where possible, statistical treatments and Catalyst methodologies appear in an endnote. resolution and make any corrections needed. (Do not place Multiple comparison procedures such as Duncan’s multiple imagesPowerPoint that havefiles. already been can saveexported these or files saved at asthe tiff, correct jpeg, range test are frequently misused. Such misuse may result in or bitmap images.) used only when the treatment structure is not well understood (forincorrect example, scientific studies conclusions. to compare Multiple cultivars). range When tests treatments should be 2. Export or save figure files as tiff, jpeg, or bitmap images. After being exported, figures are composed of pixels rather saved at higher resolutions. When choosing this option, you should be shown using t or F tests. than text, lines, and fills. These images cannot be corrected or - haveField a logical experiments, structure, such significant as studies differences on crop among yield treatments and yield must be sure to export files with the correct amount of resolu Catalyst: Discovery into Practice Guide to Authors — 9 components that are sensitive to environmental interactions and in which the crop environment is not rigidly controlled recommended. Use the equivalent milligrams per L (mg/L) and or monitored, should be repeated (over time and/or space) to microgramsParts per million per liter (ppm) (µg/L). and parts per billion (ppb) are not demonstrate that similar results can (or cannot) be obtained in Wine or juice yield: report as liters per 1000 kg (L/1000 kg) or milliliters per kilogram (mL/kg) (equivalent). sensory evaluations to show reproducibility and consistency, report as hectares (ha) (1 ha = 2.47 acres). Acres another environmental regime. Perform replicate chemical and Land area: respectively. may also be included. Trade names. The trade names of materials and the names Latitude and longitude: of manufacturers or suppliers of special (not reagent grade) Time and dates. When reporting time, use the 24-hour system materials must be given (including city, state, and country). In report as (42°31´; 12°29´). experimentation, identify a chemical compound by its com- Report dates as day, month, year (9 Apr 2007). mon name (if such name exists) or by the chemical name and withAbbreviations four digits (e.g., and 0400 symbols. hr for 4:00 See a.m., the 1630 accompanying hr for 4:30 listp.m.). of structural formula. abbreviations. Replacement of certain unwieldy chemical names Nomenclature. The binomial or trinomial (in italics) must be - abstract and in the text (for example, Vitis vinifera). A collection by well-known abbreviations is acceptable (e.g., HPLC, DNA). shown for plants, insects, and pathogens when first used in the number or that of a comparable listing should identify algae and Standard chemical symbols may be used after an initial defini microorganisms referred to in the manuscript. tion (e.g., Ca, NaOH). With the exception of those standard for For cultivar names, Catalyst conforms to spellings listed in tablesinternational must also usage conform (e.g., HPLC,to these ATP), guidelines. do not use abbreviations the TTB listing of approved grape names for American wines in the title or abstract. Symbols and abbreviations in figures and (http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2011-title27-vol1/xml/ Reporting Vineyard Trials CFR-2011-title27-vol1-sec4-91.xml); Catalyst uses a lowercase format for noir, blanc, and franc. Do not use single quote marks description to provide context and allow reproducibility. The around cultivar names. followingViticultural information field experiments should be have included specific whenever issues that possible: require Chemical identification. - • Geographic coordinates of study site(s) when possible. A less stituents should conform to the recommendations made by the Papers reporting on flavor con precise description of the location is acceptable if privacy or security concerns prevent sharing coordinates. International Organization of the Flavor Industry (see J Agric • Vineyard elevation, aspect, and slope. Food Chem 44:10 [1996]). Any flavoring substance must have its identity confirmed by at least two methods. Otherwise, the - • Soil type(s) and depth(s). nentidentification in the original should source. be labeled Ranges “tentative.” such as <1 Include µg/L, at 1 toleast 10 semi-µg/L, • Climate classification. 10quantitative to 100 µg/L, data rather on the than concentration absolute amounts, of an identified are acceptable. compo Description of the vineyard: Numerals. Spell out all numbers or fractions that begin a • Year the vines were planted and years when the study was sentence. Do not use a dash or hyphen to replace the preposition conducted. • Rootstock and scion variety and clone (when known and applicable). “to” between numerals (3 to 10°C) within the text; however, a Write out numerals one through nine when referring to • Row orientation and vine spacing (between and within rows). dash or hyphen may be used in tables and figures. - ing systems). Use numbers with all units of measurement, and general numbers (e.g., three panelists, five sessions, four train • Type of irrigation system, if present. • Vine training system and trellis specifications. out and hyphenate simple fractions (for example, two-thirds), • Timing of key phenological stages. always use decimals, not commas (3.56 mL, not 3,56 mL). Write but in general, use decimals instead of fractions. • Key weather data (e.g., growing degree days, heat or cold events, Units. Units of measurement are treated as collective nouns precipitation) during the course of the study. and take singular verbs (e.g., “2.5 mL bentonite was added to the sample”). The International System of Units (SI) is preferred, Cultural practices employed: and the solidus (/) is preferred to the negative index form (e.g., g/L rather than g L-1). However, for reader clarity, use of U.S. or herbicide use). common units and degrees Fahrenheit in addition to metric units • Vineyard floor management (e.g., cover crop, tilling frequency, and degrees Celsius are encouraged. Also observe the following: remaining after pruning. • Pruning method, including approximate number of nodes/vine Wine volume: report as liter (L) or milliliter (mL). Hectoliters • Canopy management practices, if any. are not recommended. Abbreviate liter as a capital L, not lowercase, to avoid confusion with the number 1. Grape weights: report as grams (g), kilograms (kg), and metric • Pest control program. scheduling basis. tons (t). • Irrigation approach (e.g., regulated deficit irrigation) and • Fertilization approach (type, amount, timing, and delivery Temperature: - method) report as degrees Celsius (°C). Degrees Fahren heit may also be included (°F). Catalyst: Discovery into Practice 10 — Guide to Authors

• Special management considerations (e.g., freeze or frost protec- • Additions, including amount and time of addition, preparation, tion, hail netting, etc.). and method of mixing. For yeast or bacteria, report source and genus, species, and selection. Agronomic data: • Specify weight of grapes per fermentation lot, fermentation volume, and container type. • Yield and yield components (including number of clusters per • Pruning weight and number of shoots per vine. vine, cluster weight, and berry weight). • Maceration technique for red musts • Harvest date and harvest method. • Daily measurements during fermentation: temperatures (separate measure of cap temperature for red musts before macera- • Basic fruit composition, including total soluble solids, pH, and tion) and soluble solids and, if no inoculation is used, microbial titratable acidity, and measurement methods. populations should be counted at the genus level. Experimental procedures: • Analysis of these factors before fermentation: soluble solids, • Describe the experimental design and replication of each study. pH, titratable acidity, yeast-assimilable nitrogen, and any other • Verify that the same study or a similar study has been repeated variable under investigation. in time or space, or justify why such repetition was not possible • Analysis of these factors after fermentation: pH, titratable or necessary. depending upon the study, malic and lactic acid, total phenols, acidity, ethanol, residual sugar, free and total sulfites, and, control(s). absorbance at 420 and 520 nm, volatile acidity or acetate, and • Sufficiently describe the experimental treatments and any other variables under study. • Describe the sampling strategy and how the samples were processed. • Specify history of samples (time and temperature) between collection and analysis. • Statistical analysis procedures, including software and models • Replicate analyses should be conducted and statistical treatment of data reported. employed, and thresholdsReporting for Winemaking statistical significance. If a study or analysis starts with finished wine: - • Wines should be analyzed initially for components under study. scription to allow translation into practice. While it is understood Describe the sampling technique and the analytical procedures. thatWinemaking some variables experiments cannot be have controlled, specific issuesthere arethat factors require that de All samples must be replicated. should be reported in each study. If an experiment starts with fresh grapes, then as much as possible, report the following data: • Wine composition: pH, residual sugar, titratable acidity, ethanol, • Local source of grapes - • Variety/varieties (and species if not Vitis vinifera), clone and and free and total sulfites age temperature rootstock, if known • Postfermentation storage container size and material and stor • Vintage dates and dates of experiment and analyses • Harvest date • Replicate analyses should be conducted and statistical treat- • Harvesting method ment of data reported. • History of grapes between harvest and crushing (or analysis), • Bottling operations or study of bottle closures: visual examina- including time delay and temperatures and disease conditions tion of closures for mechanical defects, and wine must be tested (amount of Botrytis, etc.) for dissolved oxygen immediately after bottling. • Crushing and pressing devices with settings • Yield of juice or wine Reporting Sensory Evaluation • Juice or must samples should be analyzed for components under Sensory methodology used must demonstrate sound schol- study in the resulting wine. Describe the sampling technique arship and meticulous attention to the methodological details and analytical procedures. All samples must be replicated. - ports to be testing. All articles reporting a sensory analysis must For fermentations, include the following: expected within the field and be capable of testing what it pur • Replicate fermentations. At least duplicate, but preferably must clearly indicate exactly how the test was conducted, at triplicate, winemaking procedures must be applied whenever whatmeet temperaturethe acceptable the analytical wines were standards stored, for for how this long field. the Authors wines were stored, at what temperature the wines were served to the fermentation replicates. Describe techniques used to reduce panelists, what type of glassware was used, how much wine was replicatepossible. Itvariability, is standard especially practice withto use red field musts. replicates Replicate to create vari- poured in each glass, how many tests the panelists performed, ability should be assessed within the context of the experiment. and how many samples were served per session. Examples of It is important to distinguish between experimental replicates sound methodology are presented below. (independent fermentations) versus analytical replicates Panelists. Trained panelists or “expert” panelists may not be (replicate analyses of one fermentation) when citing data on asked to indicate their liking or the acceptability of the sample(s).

Consumer panelists usually should not be asked to score the significance. Only true consumer panelists can give this type of information.

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice Guide to Authors — 11

Second, authors typically use variations of the above tech- be isolated situations where this would be acceptable. niques. They could refer to a variation of the QDA technique as intensitiesDiscrimination of specified testing. sensory With attributes. discrimination However, testing there (such may SDA as ballot training methods. It is also possible to amalgamate objective is to determine whether two samples are perceptibly the consensustwo methodologies training methodas a combination and to variations training of method. the FPA and different.as paired Indifference, all cases, duo-trio,except the triangle, directional two-out-of-five), paired difference the Third, authors must give explicit information on the follow- test, that is the only information the test provides. ing: number of panelists, source of panelists, method of training, The major issue with discrimination tests is ensuring that length of training, assessment of training, attributes used, reference standards/verbal descriptors used for attributes, number of times each panelist evaluated each sample, number of samples severalthe test factors,had enough but thepower. one (Power that the is experimenterdefined as the usuallyprobability has per session, number of sessions, duration of sessions, and time controlof finding over a difference is the number that actuallyof panelists exists.) evaluating Power isthe affected samples. by between sessions. If a discrimination test shows that two samples are perceived Publication Information (regardless of the number of panelists). Hybrid publishing model. As of January 1, 2021, Catalyst is to beIf a significantly discrimination different, test shows then that the two test samples had enough are not power per- a hybrid journal. Under this model, authors of accepted manuscripts may choose to have their articles published open access; crucially important and the authors must then indicate the power in doing so, readers will not require a subscription to access the associatedceived to be with significantly their test. different, (This is usually then the the power issue issue when becomes authors article. want to show that a new method or variation does not affect the Upon acceptance, authors will be given the opportunity to sensory properties of the product—the power of such tests is inform the Managing Editor if they wish to publish their article low when the number of panelists is low.1) - Using the directional paired difference test with wines can be problematic. The requirement for this test is that the two samples under a subscription or open access model. Open access publish may only differ in a single sensory attribute: for example, a 1% ing will incur an Article Processing Charge (APC), which will be salt-water solution is less salty than a 2% salt-water solution, but invoiced at the time of the decision to publish open access. APC’s it does not differ in any other sensory modality. However, when willmust be be published paid before on publication asevcatalyst.org of the using article a orsubscription 30 days after or real products are used, this is often not true; for example, a wine the date of the invoice, whichever is first, otherwise the article with 2% residual sugar is perceived to be less sweet than one with non-memberspay-for-access ofmodel. ASEV. APC’s are $1,000.00 per article if one of more sour than the second. In such cases, the paired directional theAny authors article on published the article open is a member access will of ASEV, have ora Creative $2,000.00 Com for- test4% residualshould not sugar, be used.but the first wine may also be perceived to be mons Attribution (CC BY) license applied to it. Under a CC BY Descriptive analysis. When authors use the descriptive license, readers of an article may distribute, remix, adapt, and analysis techniques to evaluate their samples, there are three build upon an original work, even commercially, provided that major issues. First, unless the panel was trained by or in direct is applied to an article, the original copyright assignment in used was not QDA (Quantitative Descriptive Analysis). QDA is a the creatorAuthor ofAgreement the original will work terminate. is credited. The Once Author a CC ResponsiBY license- consultation with the Tragon Corp. (Palo Alto, CA), the technique bilities and Warranties in the Author Agreement will survive the termination of the copyright assignment. Companyregistered (Boston,trademark MA), of Tragon.and the The SDA same (Spectrum is true Descriptivefor the FPA Publishing fees. Authors who choose to publish under the Analysis)(Flavor Profile of Sensory Analysis), Spectrum which (East is trademarked Hanover, NJ). by A.D. Little ASEV members who choose to publish under the subscription modelopen access are not model charged are notfor chargedthe publication page fees of beyondmanuscripts the APC. 10 1 - pages or less in Catalyst. Nonmembers who choose to publish moreExample: traditional Authors agent. want Before to indicate starting that the using study, a thenew authors fining agentdetermine pro thatduces they a wine want that a power is not of perceptibly 90% (a 90% different chance offrom detecting a wine a fineddifference with ifa - under the subscription model will be charged $75.00 per page for the first 10 pages. All authorsCatalyst (member reserves or thenonmember) right to charge publish an populationit exists), analogous to discriminate to a type between II error (β)the of samples. 10%. In Givenaddition, these the assump authors- authoring under for the any subscription extra costs ofmodel unusual are chargedor improperly $200.00 submitted for each tions,use the the usual authors type determine I error (α) that of 5%;to perform they want a triangle less than test 10%they wouldof the materials,page over theadditional first 10. editing or proofreading, extensive tables, needAfter at least completing 342 panelists. the study, Using the authorsthe same write assumptions a paper stating but a thatduo-trio they test, authors would need 853 panelists. internationalextensive author payment alterations, transactions. supplemental data files, excessive modificationCopyright of release. figures by Catalyst staff, and requires any applicable the corresponding bank fees for qualityused α ofat the5%, wine. a duo-trio The reviewer test, and determines 50 panelists that and assuming found thatthat less the than two author to sign a copyright assignment statement on behalf of fining agents did not significantly differ in how they affected the sensory 25% of the population can detect a difference; the power of this test is all authors (in the Author Agreement). Manuscripts will not be about 55%. If the authors had performed a triangle test, then the power reviewed until this statement is signed and returned. If an article would have been 78%.

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice 12 — Guide to Authors

has been accepted and the authors decide to have the article pub- et alia (Latin: and others ) ...... et al. lished open access, the copyright assignment will terminate, and atmosphere (see also standard atmosphere)...... Atm the article will be published under a CC BY license. The copyright average (abbreviate in tables and equations only)...... avg transfer agreement grants the author(s) the right to republish boiling point...... bp Brix (no degree sign)...... Brix publications of which they are authors on the condition that ...... creditselect portionsis given to (abstract, the original figures, Catalyst tables) source, of their as in article the following: in other ...... ©2012 American Society for Enology and Viticulture, Catalyst: °Celsius °C chemically pure...... °centigrade °C The copyright transfer also stipulates that authors who are ...... coeff. CP (or63:620-624. were) U.S. government employees and who wrote the article colony forming unit(s)...... cfu coefficient as part of their employment duties identify themselves. Works ...... concn authored solely by U.S. government employees are not subject to constant...... const. copyright protection, so there is no copyright to be transferred. concentration (in tables and figures) cubic centimeter...... cm In such cases, these authors will be provided an alternative 3 Author Agreement form that waives the copyright release. The cultivar (only after species name)...... cv. day, days...... day decibel...... dB transfer,corresponding such as author author mustrepresentation request this of originality, modified Agreementapply to all degree (angular)...... authors,form from including the managing U.S. government editor. Other employees. provisions Neither of the copyright Catalyst dextro (preceding chemical name)...... (small cap) ° nor ASEV is responsible for statements or opinions printed in its dextrorotatory (preceding chemical name)...... (italic) d (+) d publications; they represent the views of the authors or persons to diameter...... diam whom they are credited and are not binding on ASEV as a whole. dry weight (with unit of measurement)...... DW Four months after the online publication of the Catalyst issue in which their article appears, authors may distribute their own electron volt...... eV published articles through their own university or personal web equation (reference in text)...... (eq) sites, but via commercial web sites, provided a credit line (see equivalent...... equiv the sample credit line two paragraphs above) and a link to the exponential...... exp abstract of the article in Catalyst are included...... e.g. Public Institution and Funding Agency Public Access. The freezing point...... fp for example (in tables and figure captions only) National Institutes for Health (NIH) and other federal funding fresh weight (with unit of measurement)...... FW agencies require that all articles written with NIH funding and gram...... g accepted on or after 7 April 2008 be submitted to a central gravity (gravitation constant)...... (italic) g NIH-funded Catalyst authors are responsible for submitting a hectare...... ha repository (PubMed Central) for public access. At this point, hertz...... Hz and authorizing NIH to make the copy available in digital form high-performance liquid chromatography...... copy of their final accepted manuscript, at the time of acceptance, hour...... hr HPLC online publication date by Catalyst hydrogen ion concentration, negative logarithm of...... pH for public access in PubMed no later than 12 months after the infrared...... IR funding agencies and public institutions. Please have access similar the following require- inhibitor constant...... K ments.for information: It is the responsibility http://publicaccess.nih.gov/. of the author to comply Other with public these 1 requirements. inside diameter...... i.d. Corrections. Corrections are published, if necessary, in the joule...... J online Journal. Authors should notify the managing editor of any kelvin...... K necessary corrections. kilo (x 10 )...... k Reprints. We do not offer reprints. Authors may distribute kilodalton3...... kDa electronic or print copies of their articles to individuals, provided kilogram...... kg all Catalyst citations and page numbers are visible. Articles may kilometer...... km not be mass distributed at conferences or meetings. kilovolt...... kV Abbreviations and Symbols kilowatt...... kW Term Abbreviation or Symbol levo- (preceding chemical name)...... (small cap) ...... abs/AU liter...... L l active ingredient...... a.i. mass...... (italic) m absorbance/ absorbance units (in tables and figures) adenosine 5’ triphosphate (adenosine triphosphate)...... mass-to-charge ratio...... (italic) m/z ampere...... A mass charge on electron...... (italic) m/e ATP

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice Guide to Authors — 13 maximum...... max. percent...... % mega (x 106)...... M peta (x 1015)...... megapascal...... pico (x 10-12)...... p P melting point...... mp polymerase chain reaction...... MPa meta- (preceding chemical name)...... (italic) m probability (lowercase italic)...... p PCR meter...... m (preceding chemical name)...... (small caps) Michaelis constant...... (italic) Km racemic (optical configuration, a mixture of dextro- and levo-) -6 revolutions per minute...... rpm micro (x 10 )...... µ dl microequivalent...... µeq second (time)...... sec microgram...... µg ...... * ...... ** microliter...... µL significant at 0.05 level ...... *** micrometer (micron)...... µm significant at 0.01 level species (only after generic name)...... sp., spp. micromole...... µmol significant at 0.001 level milli (x 10 )...... m ...... sp. nov. -3 ...... sp gr milliampere...... mA species nova (only after specific epithet) ...... sp ht milliequivalent...... meq specific gravity ...... sp vol milligram...... mg specific heat square...... sq milliliter...... mL specific volume millimeter...... mm standard atmosphere...... atm millimole...... mmol standard deviation...... SD millivolt...... mV standard error...... SE minute (time)...... min substrate constant (see Michaelis)...... (italic) Km mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid...... mtDNA surface tension...... N/m molar (concentration)...... (italic) M tangent...... tan mole...... mol temperature...... temp 12 month...... mo )...... T ...... i.e. Nephelos turbidity unit...... NTU tera (× 10 tonne (metric ton)...... t newton...... N that is (in tables and figure captions only) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide...... NAD ultraviolet...... UV nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced...... NADH ...... var...... vs nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced)...... varietas (variety; only after specific epithet) normal (concentration)...... N volt...... V NADP versus (only in tables and figures; spell out in text) normal (preceding chemical name)...... n volume...... vol ...... ns volume ratio (volume per volume)...... v/v nuclear magnetic resonance...... NMR watt...... W not significant ohm...... week...... wk ortho- (position; preceding chemical name)...... (italic) o weight...... wt Ω outside diameter...... o.d. weight per volume...... w/v para- (preceding chemical name)...... (italic) p weight ratio (weight per weight)...... w/w parts per billion...... µg/L year...... yr parts per million...... mg/L per...... /

Updated December 2020

Catalyst: Discovery into Practice