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Home , Jyotirao Phule, Kandukuri Veeresalingam, Narayana Guru, Satyashodhak Samaj

Chapter 9(history) System and Reforms

Exercises Tick the correct option 1.The 19th century saw changes in the caste-ridden society due to Ans.print technology 2.Which of these was at the top of the caste hierarchy? Ans. 3.Raja founded schools,along with Ans.David Hare 4.Who founded the which promoted caste equality? Ans. 5.Justice Mahadeo Govind Ranade established this council to challenge the society to end caste system. Ans.Bharatiya Samajik. Parishad 6.He is widely considered as the founder of Modern Andhra. Ans.

Name the following

1. The term used for the people who manually clean toilets Ans. Manual scavengers 2. It was founded in Bombay in 1840 to work for the abolition of caste. Ans. Paramhansa Mandali 3. He was foundly called periyar and founded the self respect movement in 1925. Ans. EV Ramaswamy Naicker 4. Name given by Gandhiji to the untouchables. Ans. Harijans 5. People from this class where not allowed to enter the temple. Ans. Outcasts Fill in the blanks 1. Jyoti Rao Phule wrote a book named_____meaning slavery in 1873. Ans. Gulamgiri 2. Rahane de established various organisations such as____and_____to bring about social reforms. Ans. Prathna samaj and sarvjanik sabha 3._____brought about Renaissance in a life of and Ans. Veeresalingam 4. Periyar started a political party called___in South . Ans. Dravida 5.______started the temple entry movement in 1927. Ans. Dr BR Ambedkar

Short answer questions

Q1. What are the main evil of the caste system? Ans. Denied equal opportunity for the people belonging to the subordinate caste brahmins were considered superior simply because of their birth are not due to prevent intellect and wisdom. On the contrary anyone born in a subordinate caste was considered inferior even if he was intelligent.

Q2. Who were the outcastes? Ans. Outcastes is an individual or group that has been thrown out of caste usually for some ritual offence.

Q3. Who were harijans? Who gave them this name and why? Ans. called the people of of lower caste harijans, literary meanings god's people. Gandhiji called the so called untouchables as harijans and worked endlessly towards their uplift.

Q4. Why was the temple entry movement started by Ambedkar? Ans.Dr Ambedkar led temple entry movement in which the Mehar caste followers participated. They entered temple and use water from the temple tank which outraged the upper caste people.Dr Ambedkar fought for the right of the lower caste to enter temple and draw water from public Wells and tanks.

Q5. Who founded the all India scheduled caste federation and what was its aim Ans.In 1942 Ambedkar founded the all India scheduled caste federation to improve the status of the subordinate castes.

Q6.Why did Gandhiji and courage the Harijan in political participation? Ans. Gandhiji showed that by doing a manual job one did not become impure . He encourage Harijan in political participation.

Long answer questions Q1what was the condition of the subordinate clause during the give a brief description. Ans.The has origins in ancient India and was transferred by various ruling states and mediaeval, early modern and modern India. Caste not only dictates once's occupations but dietary habits and interactions with the number of other caste as well member of a high caste enjoy more wealth and opportunities while other member of a low caste perform menial jobs. Q2.Write a note on the various to association started by Indian leaders to create an equal society. Ans. Kandukuri Veeresalingam:- He set up the social reform association in 1878 and was involved in various social reforms. He is widely considered as the founder of Modern Andhra.He awake to the people out of their suffocating mediaeval orthodox custom and superstitions. Sree Narayana :- He established Sree Narayana paripalana yogam in 1903.this association promoted is believes and work for social causes suggest temple entry for all caste and he wrote many books in and . Dr. BR Ambedkar:- He established theBahishkrit Hitakarini sabha or the Depressed classes welfare association for spreading education. in 1927 Ambedkar started temple entry movement people from the Mehar cast participated in that movement.

Q3.What argument where given by Jyoti Rao Phule and Periyar against caste inequality? Explain. Ans.Periyar:- He believed that the original Tamil and Dravidian culture was subjudated by the brahmins.He wanted to free the society from caste based inequality and felt that the freedom from religion was the only way to achieve such a goal. Periyar criticised other ancient text also as he believed that all those religious books where and attempted to established the brahmins dominations over other caste and the domination of men over women. Periyar started a political party called dravida kazhagam,this party conducted meeting on caste based issues and provided solutions unity of all people and believed in one caste, one God and one religion.

Jyotirao Phule:- Jyoti Rao Phule developed some revolutionary ideas against the caste system.Phule argued that the period of warrior peasant before the rule was a golden period ,He also proposed that the also known as labouring caste and the ati , the so-called untouchables should unite to challenge the caste based discrimination. khule founded the satyashodhak samaj which promoted cast equality .He criticized all forms of social inequality.

Q4. What did Mahatma Gandhi do to uplift the status of the subordinate caste? Ans.Mahatma Gandhi founded the all India Harijan Sevak Sangh and started many schools for her regions under this association many action were taken to open public areas for the subordinate cast such as public, Wells ,toilets, schools temples etc.

Q5.write a short note on Dr BR Ambedkar effort to improve the condition of subordinated classes. Ans.in the 1920 Ambedkar started a movement to spread education among the subordinate caste. He established the Bahishkrit Hitakarini sabha or Depressed Classes Welfare Association for spreading education. He demanded equal rights to public places and property. ln 1927, Ambedkar founded the All-India Schedule Caste Federation to improve the status of the subordinate castes.