Niche Parties in the Benoit and Laver Expert Survey

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Niche parties in the Benoit and Laver expert survey

Note: 1) This list is not to be treated as exhaustive as the expert survey restricted itself to the most important parties in each country. Many smaller parties are therefore not included in the dataset. 2)Only countries with more than three parties are included in the analysis as it is not reasonable to calculate mean salience scores with just one or two competitors. While smaller party systems may also have niche parties, it is difficult to assess relative levels of salience if the number of other competitors is so small. This excludes Malta and the United States from the sample for this survey. 3) Party family information is taken from the CMP dataset. 4) For more on the survey and precise question wording, see: Benoit, K. and M. Laver (2006) Party Policy in Modern Democracies, Routledge, London.

Country Austria

Party
Party family

Liberal

Niche issues

Immigration
Freedom Party (FPÖ) Greens
Immigration, Social policy, Environment
Green
Social Policy, Immigration Decentralization

Belgium

National Front (FN)
n/a

New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) Vlaams Blok (VB) n/a

Decentralization, Immigration, Social Policy
Ethno-regionalist

Decentralization Decentralization

Britain Canada

Plaid Cmyru
Ethno-regionalist

Ethno-regionalist
Scottish National Party

Decentralization, Quebec Environment
Bloc Quebecois Green Party
Ethno-regionalist Green

Social Policy

Denmark Finland

Christian People's Party (KrF)
Christian Democratic

Social Policy
Christian Democrats (KD)

True Finns (PS)
Christian Democratic

Agrarian
Immigration, Social Policy, EU: Authority

Immigration, Social policy, Environment
Green League (VL)
Green

Social Policy, Globalization, EU: Larger/stronger

France

Mouvement pour la France
n/a

EU: Larger/Stronger
Rassemblement pour la France Front National n/a

Immigration, Globalization, EU: Larger/stronger
Nationalist

Immigration, EU: Authority, Social Policy Social Policy, Environment, Immigration Immigration, EU: Authority, Social Policy Immigration, EU: Authority, Social Policy Immigration

Germany

German People's Union (DVU) Green Party n/a Green

n/a
National Democratic Party (NPD)

Republicans (Rep)
n/a

Schill Party
n/a

Synaspismos
Communist
Decentralization, Environment, EU: Accountability, Immigration

Greece Ireland

Greens
Green
EU: Peacekeeping, Environment, EU: Strengthening

EU: Peacekeeping, Northern Ireland

Sinn Fein
Special Issue

Environment

Italy

Green Party (FdV) MSFT
Green
Social Policy, Immigration Social Policy
Nationalist

n/a
Pannella-Bonino List

Social Policy

Netherlands Christian Union

Christian Democratic
Social Policy, EU: Accountability Social Policy

Democrats 66
Liberal

n/a
Reformed Political Party (SGP)

New ZealandNew Zealand First Party

Immigration
Conservative

Social Policy

Norway Portugal

Christian People's Party (KrF) Ecology Party (PEV)
Christian Democratic Green
Immigration, Social policy, Environment Decentralization

Spain

Basque Nationalist Party (PNV)
Christian Democratic

Decentralization

Sweden

Centre Party
Agrarian

Green
Green Party (MP)
Environment, Decentralization, EU: Peacekeeping, EU: Accountability

Environment Immigration

Switzerland Green Party

Swiss Democrats (SD)
Green Nationalist

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