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COOPER‘ ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA Number 26 Bibliography of California Ornithology THIRD INSTALLMENT To End of 1938 JOSEPH FRINNELL Contribution from the University of California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA Published by the Club December 8, 1939 COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB PACI FIC COAST XVlFAUNA Number 26 Bibliography of California Ornithology TH IRD INSTALLMENT To End of 1938 BY JOSEPH GRINNELL Contribution from the University of California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology IIERKELEY, CALIFORNIA Published by the Club December 8, 1939 NOTE The publications of the Cooper Ornithological Club consist of two series-The Condor, which is the bi-monthly ofFicia1 organ, and the Pclci/ic Coast Auifauna, for the accommodation of papers whose length prohibits their appearance in The Condor. The present publication is the twenty-sixth in the A-oifnuna series. For information as to either of the above series, address the Clubs’ Business Mana- ger, W. Lee Chambers, 2068 Escarpa Drive, Eagle Rock, California. CONTENTS PAGE Introduction .............. 5 Bibliography .............. 7 Index to Authors ............. 215 Index to Local Lists ............ 223 Index to Bird Names ............ 225 EDITORS ’ NorE.-The gathering of titles for the bibliography was essentially com- plete at the time of Joseph Grinnells’ death. A small number of references which he had listed for inclusion have been copied from the original sources and added by us. The “Introduction” here appears as it was prepared and revised by him, except that we have supplied figures for totals and eliminated statements con- cerning indexing and proof-reading. The latter tasks we have carried out so far as possible according to his plan for insuring exactitude by reading press-proofs back to the handwritten copy and by ourselves preparing the indexes. We are grateful for assistance from several persons in completin, v authors ’ names for listing in the index. ALDEN H. MILLER HILDA WOOD GRINNELL December 8. 1939 INTRODUCTION It would be commonplace to expatiate here on the necessity of knowing the literature in any given field of study, especially before any attempt ones’ self to contribute in that field. Accepting the fact, I need only point out that our knowledge of birds in general, and of those of restricted areas, has been accumulating at, so far, an ever accelerating rate. Not only the numbers of printed contributions, but the numbers of vehicles of publication, have been multiplying. Without any sort of bibliography, the task of the beginning research student toward gaining a knowl- edge of preceding work in his chosen sub-field would be well-nigh baffling, even with the help of such indexes as may be currently available to a few of the periodicals. The present bibliography is organized to provide ready aids not only to the special- izing student of Californian bird-life but to the average intelligent enquirer, whether local or at large. The scope of “ornithology” is here restricted in the main to exclude popular or magazine articles, school manuals, shooting lore, aviculture, game laws, and articles concerned with game-farming and game management. The last two named interests verge onto poultry husbandry in their outlook and techniques; and even though the poultry industry, at least, in this State involves a great amount of fundamental ornithology, it comprises a body of knowledge that is practically apart from the consideration of our native bird-life. All the categories of published information just mentioned of course involve more or less knowledge, factual and interpretive, of birds; and where the human activities concerned are located in, or have to do with, California, it might well stem that all this literature should be dealt with in such a contribution as the present one, if it is to be a really thoroughgoing bibliogra- phy. The relatively narrow limitation hewn to, was long ago decided upon, and it is applied arbitrarily. In practice, for one thing, I have found it impossible to hit upon any precise line of exclusion. My inclination, however, has been when in doubt to take in a given article, on the chance that some user of this bibliography will find value somewhere in it. The first installment of my bibliography of California ornithology was published May 15, 1909, as Pacific Coast Avifauna Number 5; it contained 1785 titles, all I had gathered to the end of the year 1907. The second installment was issued Sep- tember 15, 1924, as Pacific Coast Avifauna Number 16; in it, 2286 additional titles were listed, not only the ones for the period 1908 to 1923, inclusive, but also those that had escaped me for all the years preceding 1908. The present, third installment lists titles for the succeeding fifteen years, that is, from 1924 to 1938, inclusive; and as before, there are also included those further titles that have come to my attention for all the years prior to 1924. These now date back to 1797. In this third installment there are 2769 titles; the entire number, no duplicates, contained in all three installments is 6840. In this third installment of the bibliography of California ornithology, practically the same plan of presentation is followed as in the two earlier segments. This applies to arrangement of titles chronologically by years, to arrangement of titles within each year alphabetically by authors, and to indexing, by names of authors, by local lists, and by names of birds given in titles and annotations. As previously, titles [51 6 I’AC:IFJC: COASI AVIFAL’NA No. 26 have been taken from the original source by the present author himself, in his own handwriting. Constant care has been exercised to preserve exactly the original word- ing, spelling, and punctuation in each actual title. Departures from the usages in the first two installments arc unimportant and will be found chiefly in manner of citation. As before, newspaper articles are not included, nor, as a rule, articles from pope lar or sporting magazines. Nor has anything mimeographed been considered worth citing, because of its fleeting nature. A good deal of the current “conservation” literature, too, is on a par with the average sportsmans’ writings; the factual basis is too meager, the imaginative or fictional element too large, to afford any great value to the serious student of birds. At the same time, where a printed article in any sort of journal has appeared to me to possess some feature of possible real use to the ornithologist of the future, I have entered its title. A good many reviews are cited; but mere abstracts or listings of titles are not. There is no line to be drawn here, and inconsistencies will be found if looked for. To repeat, this is a bibliography that is on several scores of decidedly restricted scope. After the criterion birds, fossil and extinct as well as living, the limiting con- cept is ornithology only as directly and definitely concerning C~liJo~i~1, as this State is now politically bounded. Keviews mentioning California in connection with some bird species or topic are cited; otherwise not. IZiographies of persons, even if living in California, are not included unless they afford knowledge in some unmistakable degree, of the biyds of Cnlijomicl. A published account of the species, California Quail, only as occurring in Oregon, or as “planted” in Utah, would not qualify for cataloging in this bibliography. It is thus nol a guide to everything published concerning any one species. To most of the citations are appended annotations, usually brief, but written better to indicate the nature of the article than is learned from the title alone, especially with respect to locality. In a few instances, 1 have ventured to offer com- ments relative to the trustworthiness of the article; rarely a short description or analysis is given. It is my hope that the user of this bibliography will take pains fully to acquaint himself with the above definitions, to the end that he not expect too much of it and at the same time will gain fullest benefit from its use. Its fundamental motif is area1 -Californian. On this score, with all three “installments” in hand, the future seeker, for knowledge of the free-living birds of this State as put on record to the end of 1938 will, I feel confident, find herein substantial guidance. Very nearly all the sources used in this undertaking are contained in the Univel,- sity of California Library. Many an item I have looked for at first in vain has subsc- quently been found or acquired by the Library as a result of the cordial and effective interest in my work on the part, especially, of Librarian Harold L. Leupp. I make further acknowledgment of important helps, in going through serial publications and in “running down” incomplete references or other clues to elusive literature, from my wife, Hilda Wood Grinnell. May 27,1939 BIBLIOGRAPHY Nvtt.-In tltis lribliography titles are grouped under years of publication, in sequence, down to and including 1938. The titles For each year are al-ranged alphabetically by authors. Under each author (in each year), if he published more than one article during that year, titles are arranged chronologically by months and days of the month. The system of arrangement is thus identical with that followed in the first and second “installments.” 1827-1838. Audubon, J. J. The ! Birds of America; 1from original drawings 1 by 1 John James Audubon, ( Fellow [etc., 4 to 6 lines in different volumes]. j London. / Published by the Author. [etc., 4 vols.] < Vol. 1111. j 1835 to 38. j June 20. Double elephant, title, pls. CCCI-CCCCXXXV. From California, as later indicated: Corvus nz~tallii ]sic], pl. CCCLXII, fig. 1 (This plate issued in 1836 or 183i, hence furnishes the first publication of this name [see Stone, Auk, XXIII.

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