The PETRA undulator, with photon energies above 20 keV, will provide an unique source of synchrotron DESY - Institute of High-Energy radiation. Physics, Zeuthen The Future With HERA and the synchrotron Since January 1992, DESY has operated the radiation facilities, DESY has front former Institute for High-Energy Physics of the line research activities which will Academy of Sciences of the German Democratic carry it well into the next decade. Republic. Sited at Zeuthen near Berlin, it became However, since it takes on the order a branch Institute under the title DESY — Institute of 10 to 15 years from initial plan of High-Energy Physics, Zeuthen. Founded in ning to the realization of a new, 1950 as the Institute for Nuclear Research, large research facility, a decision on Zeuthen became oriented purely towards high- DESY — Institute of High-Energy the direction of research at DESY must be taken in energy physics (HEP) in 1962, and it was here that the former German Democratic Republic Physics, Zeuthen. the second half of the 1990s. After extensive discus (GDR) concentrated most of its research work in sions, the DESY Scientific Council has recom Jochen Schneider joined HASYLAB the field. mended that DESY’s future research programme in 1989 and has been its Director since Lacking their own HEP facilities, east German 1 January 1993. He studied at the Uni should be based on a 300-500 GeV high luminosity experimentalists had to turn to either the former versity of Hamburg, receiving a diploma e+e- linear collider, and has asked DESY to prepare in 1968 and a Ph.D. in 1973 while work Soviet Union (Joint Institute for Nuclear Physics, ing as an experimental solid-state phy the technical basis for a proposal. DESY is present Dubna, and the Institute for High-Energy Physics, sicist at the Institut Laue-Langevin, ly pursuing, within an international collaboration, two Grenoble. He joined the Hahn-Meitner Protvino) or to CERN, Geneva, although they Institute, Berlin, in 1976 and was awar technical options for the realization of a large linear were allowed for a few years in the 1960s to parti ded his habilitation in 1982 from the TU collider. One approach is based on the Stanford cipate in the first experiments at DESY. Bubble Berlin. Linear Accelerator Center’s (SLAC) proven S-band Paul Söding has been the Scientific chamber experiments, later complemented by Director at DESY-Zeuthen since 1992. technology. The other uses superconducting radio work with streamer chambers, neutrino detectors He studied at the TU Munich and at the frequency cavities to construct a linac with much and deep-inelastic muon scattering, were for University of Hamburg from which he re relaxed tolerances. A decision on which approach to ceived a diploma in 1960 and a habilita several years the principal activities. tion in 1966. He worked at the Lawrence pursue will be taken in 1997/98 after results from In the 1980s, participation in CERN experi Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley, USA, two test facilities become available. ments intensified and work at DESY eventually as a Research Associate before moving A large electron-positron collider has a unique to DESY in 1969 to continue research in even became possible again. The Institute joined experimental particle physics. Appointed physics potential, complementary to that which will the L3 collaboration at the electron-positron colli professor at the University of Hamburg be provided by CERN’s Large Hadron Collider in 1974, he served as DESY’s Director der LEP at CERN and participated in building the of Research in 1982-91. (LHC) for proton-proton collisions. Moreover, by gui L3 detector by constructing in Zeuthen parts of Gustav-Adolf Voss is the Director of ding the high quality, low-emittance electron beam the central tracking system. It also participated in DESY’s Accelerator Division and Vice- from the linear accelerator through an undulator it the construction of the H1 detector at HERA, and Chairman of the Board of Directors of appears possible to construct an x-ray laser for DESY. He studied at the TU Berlin, contributed two of the wire chambers of the dete- receiving a diploma in engineering in wavelengths down to 1 A and even below. An e+e- tor’s tracking system. Preparatory work for cons 1953 and a Ph.D. in 1955. After working collider facility would thus allow DESY to continue tructing an underwater neutrino telescope in Lake for a short time at Giessen University to pursue the symbiosis between particle physics and at DESY as a research fellow, he Baikal was started in the 1980s in collaboration moved to Harvard University, Cam and research with synchrotron radiation which has with several Russian groups (see page 98). bridge, USA, in 1959, becoming the become its trademark. Cambridge Electron Accelerator’s Asso After the unification of Germany, the govern ciate-Director in 1964. He returned to ment had the federal Science Council evaluate all DESY in 1973 and was appointed pro the Academy institutes of the former GDR and fessor at the University of Hamburg in 1974. DESY AT A GLANCE make recommendations on their future. The Albrecht Wagner has been the Director Council took little time to propose that the Institute of Research at DESY and professor at DESY is funded by the German Federal Ministry for High-Energy Physics should be essentially the University of Hamburg since 1991. of Research and Technology and by the City of retained and integrated into DESY. Thus, after a He studied at the TU Munich, and at the universities of Göttingen and Heidel Hamburg (DESY-Hamburg) and the Land of Bran change in DESY’s statutes, the Land of Bran berg, receiving a diploma from Heidel denburg (DESY-Zeuthen) in the ratio of 9 to 1. The denburg joined Hamburg and the Federal Re berg in 1964, a Ph.D. in 1971 and his laboratories have a permanent staff of 1269 and the public as the third trustee of DESY. In supporting habilitation in 1979. Apart from spending total 1994 budget is 279 MDM, of which 252 MDM most of 1973 and 1974 as a Research DESY-Zeuthen, it is committed to covering 10 % Associate at the LBL, Berkeley, he are earmarked for DESY-Hamburg. of DESY’s budget. The number of staff positions worked as an experimental particle phy Although DESY was originally founded to provide In Zeuthen had to be reduced from the original sicist at the University of Heidelberg research opportunities for German universities, it from 1970, initially as a research assis has developed over the years into an international 220 to 136, with about 40% of the positions for tant, becoming professor in 1984, and scientists or academically trained engineers. serving as the Director of the Physi research centre with nearly 2000 users from 25 dif kalisches Institut in 1986-89. ferent countries, split about evenly between particle However, the Institute has successfully attracted Björn Wiik became the Chairman of physicists and synchrotron radiation users. The in many new postdocs and students during the last DESY's Board of Directors and DESY’s ternational character of DESY is particularly visible years. Director General on 1 March 1993. He Those projects that were already well underway studied in Bergen and at the TH in the HERA project. HERA was constructed within Darmstadt, receiving a diploma in 1963 the framework of an international collaboration before the merger with DESY-Hamburg remain and a Ph.D. in 1965 for research in ex where institutions in Canada, the former Soviet today an important component of the research perimental nuclear physics. He worked Union, France, Israel, Italy, The Netherlands, programme at DESY-Zeuthen. Work in the L3 col as a Research Associate at Stanford University, USA, in 1965-68 and at the Poland, the People’s Republic of China, United laboration at LEP is actively pursued, with analy Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in Kingdom, and the United States provided either sis of Z0-resonance data and participation in up 1968-72. He joined DESY in 1972 and components built at home or delegated skilled man became the HERA project leader In grading the detector in view of the future experi 1981, shortly before being appointed power to work on the project. Utilization of HERA is ments at the upgraded LEP-200 machine. The H1 professor at the University of Hamburg. also truly international, as roughly 60% of the 900 involvement at HERA focusses on both data ana physicists collaborating in its two, large, multipur lysis and the upgrade of the existing detector. pose, collider detectors H1 and ZEUS are from non- After unrestricted travel to western Germany had German institutions. INFORMATION DESY has very close connections with groups become possible in 1990, many physicists from Further information about DESY from many universities and thereby contributes in Zeuthen joined other experiments at DESY in can be obtained from Petra Harms, a major way to the training of students in particle Hamburg — which is only about 300 km from DESY, Postfach, D-22603 Ham physics and detector development, and in research Berlin — thus strenghtening the involvement with burg. Tel. : +49 (40) 89 98 36 16; DESY even further. fax: +49 (40) 89 98 32 82. with synchrotron radiation.
92 Europhys. News 25 (1994)