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DESY Diversity INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS CERN COURIER VOLUME 40 NUMBER 6 JULY/AUGUST 2000 DESY diversity NEUTRINO ASTRONOMY LATTICEWORK X-RAY LASERS Studying physics and the universe Quantum field theory via Electron beams generate through extra-terrestrial particles pl7 simulations on ultrafine lattices p23 ultrashort wavelength radiation p26 A wide therapeutic view How can you benefit from us? Why Clinique de Genolier? How? What about your doctor? • By being privately • At Clinique de Genolier insured your referring doctor may take part in the manage­ •By being semi-priva- ment of your care at all tely insured Why? times • Medical or accident • Do not hesitate to ask insurance •Clinique de Genolier is not his advice more expensive than public hospitals and you are covered by your insurance •You can choose your doctor •We offer quality service and high level of comfort •Genolier is only 25 minutes away from Geneva CO Clinique de Genolier • CH - 1272 Genolier Tel. 022/366 90 22 • Fax 022/366 90 13 Clinique de Genolier E-mail: [email protected] • Internet: www.cdg.ch Healthy Countryside CONTENTS Covering current developments in high- energy physics and related fields worldwide CERN Courier is distributed to Member State governments, institutes and laboratories affiliated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly except January and August, in English and French editions. The views expressed are not CERN necessarily those of the CERN management. Editor: Gordon Fraser CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail [email protected] Fax +41 (22) 782 1906 Web http://www.cerncourier.com News editor: James Gillies COURIER VOLUME 40 NUMBER 6 JULY/AUGUST 2000 Advisory Board: R Landua (Chairman), F Close, E Lillest0l, H Hoffmann, C Johnson, K Potter, P Sphicas Laboratory correspondents: Argonne National Laboratory (USA): D Ayres Brookhaven, National Laboratory (USA): PYamin Cornell University (USA): D G Cassel DESY Laboratory (Germany): Ilka Flegel, PWaloschek Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (USA): Judy Jackson GSI Darmstadt (Germany): G Siegert INFN (Italy): A Pascolini IHEP, Beijing (China): Qi Nading Jefferson Laboratory (USA): S Corneliussen JINR Dubna (Russia): B Starchenko KEK National Laboratory (Japan): A Maki Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (USA): Christine Celata CERN Webcast p35 Los Alamos National Laboratory (USA): C Hoffmann RHIC collisions p5 X-ray lasers p26 NIKHEF Laboratory (Netherlands): Margriet van der Heijden Novosibirsk Institute (Russia): S Eidelman Orsay Laboratory (France): Anne-Marie Lutz News _5 PSI Laboratory (Switzerland): P-R Kettle Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK): Jacky Hutchinson RHIC begins smashing nuclei. Unity in diversity - DESY turns 40. UK Saclay Laboratory (France): Elisabeth Locci phenomenology centre is created. Meeting the ALICE data challenge. IHEP, Serpukhov (Russia): Yu Ryabov Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (USA): M Riordan Higgs is honoured in Edinburgh. CMS contractors receive LHC TRIUMF Laboratory (Canada): M K Craddock collaboration awards. CERN and Pakistan strengthen agreement. Produced for CERN by Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd Czech physics scene is growing. Antiprotons spring surprises. IOP Publishing Ltd, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS16BE, UK Tel. +44 (0)117 929 7481 Celebrating the centenary of a conscience. [email protected] Web http://www.iop.org Physicswatch 13 Head of magazines: Richard Roe Publishing manager: Jo Nicholas Art director: Andrew Giaquinto Astrowatch 15 Production controller: Kate Boothby Production editor: Kerry Harding Technical illustrator: Alison Tovey Features Advertising manager: Jo Nicholas The beginning of a new science 17 Recruitment sales: Andrew Hardie and Jayne Purdy Advertisement production: Katie Graham John Bahcall and Raymond Davis survey the history of neutrino Product manager: So-Mui Cheung astronomy Advertising: Jo Nicholas, Andrew Hardie or Jayne Purdy Tel. +44 (0)117 930 1026 E-mail [email protected] Where did the 'No-go' theorems go? 23 Fax +44 (0)117 930 1178 Latticework physics General distribution: Jacques Dallemagne, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. E-mail [email protected] Towards the ultimate X-ray source: the X-ray laser 26 In certain countries, to request copies or to make address changes, contact: Working at nanometre wavelengths China: Chen Huaiwei, Institute of High-Energy Physics, P.O. Box 918, Beijing, People's Republic of China Germany: Gabriela Heessel or Veronika Werschner, DESY, Berkeley Lab's ALS generates femtosecond synchrotron radiation 31 Notkestr. 85, 22603 Hamburg 52. E-mail [email protected] Ultrafast time resolution with synchrotron radiation Italy: Loredana Rum or Anna Pennacchietti, INFN, Casella Postale 56, 00044 Frascati, Roma United Kingdom: Su Lockley, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, People 34 Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X11OQX. E-mail [email protected] USA/Canada: Janice Voss, Creative Mailing Services, P.O. Box 1147, St Charles, Illinois 60174. Tel. 630-377-1589. Fax 630-377-1569 Recruitment 40 Published by: European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Tel. +41 (22) 767 6111 Bookshelf 49 Telefax +41 (22) 767 65 55 USA: Controlled Circulation Periodicals postage paid at St Charles, Illinois Printed by: Warners (Midlands) pic, Bourne, Lincolnshire, UK © 2000 CERN ISSN 0304-288X Cover: On 23 Maya major event marked 40 years of the DESY Laboratory in Hamburg and the opening of its Light for the New Millennium exhibition. The show was presented by NDR (Norddeutscher Rundfunk) Hamburg TV personality Bernd Seguin. (Photo DESY.) p6. CERN Courier July/August 2000 3 RGA for the Masses Systems from $4125 <ui Residual gas analyzers from SRS offer uncompro- 00, 200, $QÙaà%§yst#Fis mised performance at half the price of the competition. Our systems provide mass ranges to 300 amu, detectable partial pressures to 1014 Torr and better than 1 amu resolution. With our interac­ • 6 orders of magnitude dynamic tive Windows® software package you can fully control the RGA sensor, acquire data and analyze range in a single scan your vacuum system in real-time. The simple, rugged quadrupole mass spectrometer attaches • Real-time Windows® software 3 4 directly to a 2 / " CF flange. A dual Th02lr filament and a unique continuous dynode electron • Mass spectra, leak detection and multiplier provide increased stability and longer life pressure vs. time modes than other designs. Both are field replaceable in a matter of minutes - a first for RGAs! If your • Multi-head operation application involves residual gas analysis, leak detection or vacuum processing, contact us for a copy of our RGA systems brochure and demo • Optional Electron Multiplier software nookooo. The RGA is an invaluable vacuum diagnostic tool. With dynamic range that spans 6 orders of 14 14 15 Shown above is the mass spectrum of a vacuum magnitude, three isotopes of Nitrogen ( N2, N N, 15 chamber contaminated with oil. N2) are clearly detected in a single scan. Stanford Research Systems 1290-D Reamwood Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 Telephone (408)744-9040 • FAX (408)744-9049 Email: [email protected] • WWW: http://www.srsys.com/srsys Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation NEWS RHIC begins smashing nuclei Gold at STAR - side view of a collision of two 30 GeV/nucleon gold End view in the STAR detector of the same collision looking along beams in the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at the direction of the colliding beams. Approximately 1000 tracks Brookhaven. were recorded in this event On Monday 12 June a new high-energy laboratory director for RHIC. It was a proud rings filled, the ions will be whipped to machine made its stage debut as operators in moment for Ozaki, who returned to 70 GeV/nucleon. With stable beams coasting the main control room of Brookhaven's Brookhaven from Japan to oversee the con­ around the rings, the nuclei collide head-on, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) finally struction and commissioning of this eventually at the rate of tens of thousands of declared victory over their stubborn beams. challenging machine. collisions per second. Several weeks before, Derek Lowenstein, The high temperatures and densities Principal RHIC components were manufac­ chairman of the laboratory's collider-acceler­ achieved in the RHIC collisions should, for a tured by industry, in some cases through ator department, had described repeated fleeting moment, allow the quarks and gluons co-operative ventures that transferred tech­ attempts to get stable beams of gold ions to roam in a soup-like plasma - a state of nology developed at Brookhaven to private circulating in RHIC's two 3.8 km rings as "like matter that is believed to have last existed industry. learning to drive at the Indy 500!". millionths of a second after the Big Bang. The RHIC tunnel is filled with 1740 super­ With beams finally circulating in the col­ Information from RHIC experiments will round conducting magnets in two rings, which bend lider's twin rings on a collision course at an out the quark-gluon plasma knowledge gained and focus the particles. Dipole and quadru- energy of 30 GeV per nucléon, the waiting through experiments using nuclear beams at pole magnets were built by the Northrop- STAR detector captured the first spectacular lower energies at CERN's SPS synchrotron. Grumman Corporation on Long Island, and images of particles streaming from a head-on RHIC construction began in 1991, and the sextupole magnets were built by Everson collision point, showing an impressive shower project was completed last year, when all Electric, in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. of about 1000 tracks, but this was just a parts of the machine were initially tested and Brookhaven built the corrector magnets and foretaste of bigger things to come. Soon, operated as a complete system, but just short other special magnets. collisions were also seen by the BRAHMS, of physics operation. Construction and com­ The RHIC tunnel configuration provides for PHENIX and PHOBOS detectors. missioning costs totalled $600 million. six areas where the circulating beams cross The result is great news for the thousands of Nuclei destined for RHIC originate in the and where collisions take place.
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