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The Functions and Evolution of Social Fluid Exchange in Ant Colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Marie-Pierre Meurville & Adria C
ISSN 1997-3500 Myrmecological News myrmecologicalnews.org Myrmecol. News 31: 1-30 doi: 10.25849/myrmecol.news_031:001 13 January 2021 Review Article Trophallaxis: the functions and evolution of social fluid exchange in ant colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Marie-Pierre Meurville & Adria C. LeBoeuf Abstract Trophallaxis is a complex social fluid exchange emblematic of social insects and of ants in particular. Trophallaxis behaviors are present in approximately half of all ant genera, distributed over 11 subfamilies. Across biological life, intra- and inter-species exchanged fluids tend to occur in only the most fitness-relevant behavioral contexts, typically transmitting endogenously produced molecules adapted to exert influence on the receiver’s physiology or behavior. Despite this, many aspects of trophallaxis remain poorly understood, such as the prevalence of the different forms of trophallaxis, the components transmitted, their roles in colony physiology and how these behaviors have evolved. With this review, we define the forms of trophallaxis observed in ants and bring together current knowledge on the mechanics of trophallaxis, the contents of the fluids transmitted, the contexts in which trophallaxis occurs and the roles these behaviors play in colony life. We identify six contexts where trophallaxis occurs: nourishment, short- and long-term decision making, immune defense, social maintenance, aggression, and inoculation and maintenance of the gut microbiota. Though many ideas have been put forth on the evolution of trophallaxis, our analyses support the idea that stomodeal trophallaxis has become a fixed aspect of colony life primarily in species that drink liquid food and, further, that the adoption of this behavior was key for some lineages in establishing ecological dominance. -
Semiochemical-Based Alternatives to Synthetic Toxicant Insecticides For
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Rothamsted Repository Arthropod-Plant Interactions DOI 10.1007/s11829-017-9569-6 ORIGINAL PAPER Semiochemical‑based alternatives to synthetic toxicant insecticides for pollen beetle management Alice L. Mauchline1 · Maxime R. Hervé2 · Samantha M. Cook3 Received: 31 March 2017 / Accepted: 3 October 2017 © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of United Kingdom 2017 Abstract There is an urgent need to develop sustainable Introduction pest management systems to protect arable crops in order to replace the current over-reliance on synthetic insecticides. The pollen beetle Brassicogethes aeneus Fab. (synonym Semiochemicals are insect- or plant-derived chemicals that Meligethes aeneus) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is a major are used by organisms as information signals. Integrated pest pest of oilseed rape (OSR) (Brassica napus L.) crops (Wil- management tools are currently in development that utilise liams 2010). Of the suite of pests that attack OSR, pollen semiochemicals to manipulate the behaviour of pest insects beetles were found to have the largest negative impact on and their natural enemies to provide efective control of pests seed yield (Gagic et al. 2016). They can cause signifcant within the crop. These innovative tools usually require fewer feeding damage to the developing fower buds which can inputs and can involve multiple elements, therefore reduc- result in blind stalks, thereby preventing the growth of pods, ing the likelihood of resistance developing compared with leading to large economic losses (Hansen 2004; Zlof 2008). use of synthetic toxicants. We review here the life cycle of Pyrethroid insecticides have been the main control option for the pollen beetle Brassicogethes aeneus (previously known pollen beetles for over 20 years. -
Borowiec Et Al-2020 Ants – Phylogeny and Classification
A Ants: Phylogeny and 1758 when the Swedish botanist Carl von Linné Classification published the tenth edition of his catalog of all plant and animal species known at the time. Marek L. Borowiec1, Corrie S. Moreau2 and Among the approximately 4,200 animals that he Christian Rabeling3 included were 17 species of ants. The succeeding 1University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA two and a half centuries have seen tremendous 2Departments of Entomology and Ecology & progress in the theory and practice of biological Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, classification. Here we provide a summary of the NY, USA current state of phylogenetic and systematic 3Social Insect Research Group, Arizona State research on the ants. University, Tempe, AZ, USA Ants Within the Hymenoptera Tree of Ants are the most ubiquitous and ecologically Life dominant insects on the face of our Earth. This is believed to be due in large part to the cooperation Ants belong to the order Hymenoptera, which also allowed by their sociality. At the time of writing, includes wasps and bees. ▶ Eusociality, or true about 13,500 ant species are described and sociality, evolved multiple times within the named, classified into 334 genera that make up order, with ants as by far the most widespread, 17 subfamilies (Fig. 1). This diversity makes the abundant, and species-rich lineage of eusocial ants the world’s by far the most speciose group of animals. Within the Hymenoptera, ants are part eusocial insects, but ants are not only diverse in of the ▶ Aculeata, the clade in which the ovipos- terms of numbers of species. -
Factors Regulating the Population Dynamics and Damage Potential of Pollen Beetle (Meligethes Aeneus F.) on Crops of Oilseed Rape
Factors regulating the population dynamics and damage potential of pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus F.) on crops of oilseed rape Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Fakultät für Agrarwissenschaften der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen vorgelegt von Marie-Luise Tölle geboren in Gifhorn Göttingen, Mai 2014 D 7 1. Referentin/Referent: Prof. Dr. Stefan Vidal 2. Korreferentin/Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Andreas von Tiedemann Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 12.05.2011 Contents Table of contents page Chapter I General introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 The pest: Meligethes aeneus ............................................................................................. 2 Factors influencing the population dynamics of pollen beetle ............................................ 3 Possible effects of insecticides on population growth and damage of pollen beetle ........... 4 Parasitoids and parasitisation of pollen beetle ................................................................... 5 Trap cropping in oilseed rape ............................................................................................ 6 References ........................................................................................................................ 7 Chapter II Cultivar and phenology of winter oilseed rape affect the abundance and reproduction of Meligethes aeneus (Fabricius) ......................................................................................11 -
Fossil Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Ancient Diversity and the Rise of Modern Lineages
Myrmecological News 24 1-30 Vienna, March 2017 Fossil ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): ancient diversity and the rise of modern lineages Phillip BARDEN Abstract The ant fossil record is summarized with special reference to the earliest ants, first occurrences of modern lineages, and the utility of paleontological data in reconstructing evolutionary history. During the Cretaceous, from approximately 100 to 78 million years ago, only two species are definitively assignable to extant subfamilies – all putative crown group ants from this period are discussed. Among the earliest ants known are unexpectedly diverse and highly social stem- group lineages, however these stem ants do not persist into the Cenozoic. Following the Cretaceous-Paleogene boun- dary, all well preserved ants are assignable to crown Formicidae; the appearance of crown ants in the fossil record is summarized at the subfamilial and generic level. Generally, the taxonomic composition of Cenozoic ant fossil communi- ties mirrors Recent ecosystems with the "big four" subfamilies Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, and Ponerinae comprising most faunal abundance. As reviewed by other authors, ants increase in abundance dramatically from the Eocene through the Miocene. Proximate drivers relating to the "rise of the ants" are discussed, as the majority of this increase is due to a handful of highly dominant species. In addition, instances of congruence and conflict with molecular- based divergence estimates are noted, and distinct "ghost" lineages are interpreted. The ant fossil record is a valuable resource comparable to other groups with extensive fossil species: There are approximately as many described fossil ant species as there are fossil dinosaurs. The incorporation of paleontological data into neontological inquiries can only seek to improve the accuracy and scale of generated hypotheses. -
Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Amblyoponinae) and Description of the Worker Caste
Zootaxa 3734 (3): 371–379 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3734.3.6 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2890D856-2245-4B79-9D7D-61D265238DDB Rediscovery of the rare ant genus Bannapone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Amblyoponinae) and description of the worker caste BENOIT GUÉNARD1,3, BENJAMIN BLANCHARD1, CONG LIU1,2, DA-RONG YANG2 & EVAN ECONOMO1 1Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan 2Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The genus Bannapone was described in 2000 on the basis of a single dealate queen specimen. Since its original collection in Yunnan, China, no other specimen has been reported, making it one of the rarest ant genera in the world. Here we report the collection of two workers of Bannapone also from Yunnan province. The description of the worker caste is presented. Furthermore, we found significant differences with the described B. mulanae Xu, 2000 which leads us to describe the workers as a new species, B. scrobiceps n. sp.. Finally, we briefly discuss the importance of leaf-litter collection methods to collect taxa considered as “rare”. Key words: Formicidae, Amblyoponinae Introduction The subfamily Amblyoponinae includes 116 species spread over 13 genera. Most of the Amblyoponine genera exhibit a pan-tropical distribution (Guénard et al. 2011), although a few species are also known to be adapted to cooler habitats of temperate regions. -
A New Species of Darwin Wasp from Mexico Named in Observance of the 2020 Quarantine Period 8 October 2020
A new species of Darwin wasp from Mexico named in observance of the 2020 quarantine period 8 October 2020 explain the scientists. The new species, which goes by the official scientific name Stethantyx covida, belongs to the Darwin wasp family Ichneumonidae, one of the most species-rich insect families, which comprises more than 25,000 species worldwide. "Darwin wasps are abundant and well-known almost everywhere in the world because of their beauty, gracility, and because they are used in biological control of insect pests in orchards and forests. Many Darwin wasp species attack the larvae or pupae of butterflies and moths. Yet, some Holotype specimen of the newly described species of species are particularly interesting, as their larvae parasitic Darwin wasp Stethantyx covida. Credit: Andrey feed on spider eggs and others, even more bizarre, I. Khalaim develop on living spiders!" further explain the authors of the new study. Stethantyx covida is a small wasp that measures Scientists at the Autonomous University of merely 3.5 mm in length. It is predominantly dark in Tamaulipas (UAT) in Mexico recently discovered color, whereas parts of its body and legs are yellow five new species of parasitoid wasps in Mexico, but or brown. It is highly polished and shining, and the the name of one of them sounds a bit weird: ovipositor of the female is very long and slender. covida. Why this name? Along with Stethantyx covida, the authors also In fact, the reason is quite simple. The thing is that described four other Mexican species of Darwin the team of Andrey Khalaim (also a researcher at wasps from three different genera (Stethantyx, the Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Meggoleus, Phradis), all belonging to the subfamily Sciences in Saint Petersburg, Russia) and Enrique Tersilochinae. -
(HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) in OIL PALM PLANTATION Awidihastuty, Bmaryani C
Int. J. Entomol. Res. 07 (01) 2019 – 19-25 DOI: 10.33687/entomol.007.01.2731 Available Online at ESci Journals International Journal of Entomological Research ISSN: 2310-3906 (Online), 2310-5119 (Print) http://www.escijournals.net/IJER MICROHABITAT CHARACTERISTICS OF Myopopone castanea (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) IN OIL PALM PLANTATION aWidihastuty, bMaryani C. Tobing*, bMarheni, cRetna A. Kuswardani a Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Padang Bulan, Medan 20155, Indonesia. b Program Study of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia. c Program Study of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Medan Area, Medan, Indonesia. *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] A B S T R A C T Ants are social insects which widespread and play many important roles in an ecosystem. Myopopone castanea ants are a predator for the pre-adult stage of pest Oryctes rhinoceros which is one of the important pests in oil palm plantations. At the oil palm plantations, M. castanea and pre-mature stadia from pests O. rhinoceros live on decaying palm oil stems. This study aimed to explore the presence and the microhabitat characteristics of M. castanea ant in oil palm plantation so that mass rearing of M. castanea ants can be carried out in the laboratory to support the natural enemy augmentation program in biological control of O. rhinoceros pest. The exploration of ant nests was carried out in two plantation locations: smallholder oil palm plantations in Tanah Merah sub-district, Binjai Selatan Subdistrict, Binjai and PTPN 2 and PTPN 4 in Deli Serdang and Serdang Bedagai districts, North Sumatra Province. -
Of Sri Lanka: a Taxonomic Research Summary and Updated Checklist
ZooKeys 967: 1–142 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.967.54432 CHECKLIST https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Sri Lanka: a taxonomic research summary and updated checklist Ratnayake Kaluarachchige Sriyani Dias1, Benoit Guénard2, Shahid Ali Akbar3, Evan P. Economo4, Warnakulasuriyage Sudesh Udayakantha1, Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo5 1 Department of Zoology and Environmental Management, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka 2 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China3 Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 191132, India 4 Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan 5 Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India Corresponding author: Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo ([email protected]) Academic editor: Marek Borowiec | Received 18 May 2020 | Accepted 16 July 2020 | Published 14 September 2020 http://zoobank.org/61FBCC3D-10F3-496E-B26E-2483F5A508CD Citation: Dias RKS, Guénard B, Akbar SA, Economo EP, Udayakantha WS, Wachkoo AA (2020) The Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Sri Lanka: a taxonomic research summary and updated checklist. ZooKeys 967: 1–142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.967.54432 Abstract An updated checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Sri Lanka is presented. These include representatives of eleven of the 17 known extant subfamilies with 341 valid ant species in 79 genera. Lio- ponera longitarsus Mayr, 1879 is reported as a new species country record for Sri Lanka. Notes about type localities, depositories, and relevant references to each species record are given. -
Notes on the Biology of the Oriental Amblyoponine Ant Myopopone Castanea: Queen-Worker Dimorphism, Worker Polymorphism and Larval Hemolymph Feeding by Workers
Entomological Science (2010) 13, 199–204 doi:10.1111/j.1479-8298.2010.00384.x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Notes on the biology of the Oriental amblyoponine ant Myopopone castanea: Queen-worker dimorphism, worker polymorphism and larval hemolymph feeding by workers (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)ens_384 199..204 Fuminori ITO Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan Abstract Queen-worker dimorphism, worker polymorphism and worker behavior in the Oriental amblyoponine ant Myopopone castanea were studied. Queen body size was large (head width, 3.0 mm) with 24 to 32 ovarioles while workers showed a remarkable size variation in both body size (head width 1.48 to 2.18 mm) and ovariole number (6 to 22). Both head width and abdomen width showed allometric growth against thorax width. Workers performed larval hemolymph feeding as was described for Amblyopone silvestrii queens. Key words: Amblyoponinae, ant, caste dimorphism, Hymenoptera, Myopopone. INTRODUCTION its distribution is limited to tropical forests in the Oriental tropics to northernmost Australia, and it is not The ant subfamily Amblyoponinae has been regarded as a common species (Brown 1960). In this paper, I give one of the early branching lineages among family For- information on the biology of Myopopone castanea micidae (e.g. Brown 1960; Wilson 1971). Their broad (Smith) observed in West Sumatra, Indonesia, and attachment between petiole and the third segment of Sabah, Borneo. The biological information mentioned abdomen has been considered as an ancestral character. here is fragmentary; however, it is valuable for under- Even though the character status and the phylogenetic standing the diversity of the subfamily Amblyoponinae. position is still controversial (e.g. -
Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 C
P Poneroid Ants Ponerinae, which included the current poneroid subfamilies as well as Leptanillinae, the formicoid Roberto A. Keller1 and Christian Peeters2 subfamilies Ectatomminae and Heteroponerinae, 1Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência and all the ▶ Dorylinae that do not display army- & cE3c-FCUL, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, ant behavior (formerly included in the now obso- Portugal lete subfamily Cerapachyinae). Ponerinae sensu 2CNRS, Institute of Ecology and Environmental lato was defined by putative ancestral traits Sciences, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France exhibited by its members rather than the existence of shared derived characteristics. William Morton Wheeler remarked that “the Ponerinae comprises Poneroid ants are a clade composed of six well- unmistakably primitive and generalized forms and defined subfamilies that are morphologically het- therefore constitutes a group of twofold interest, erogeneous (Agroecomyrmecinae, first, as the ancestral stock of the higher subfamilies, Amblyoponinae, Apomyrminae, Paraponerinae, and second, as the oldest existing expression of Ponerinae and Proceratiinae) (Fig. 1). Poneroids social life among the Formicidae” [13]. Wheeler’s include just 11% of extant ant species, and molec- view persisted for a century, with subsequent ular data [4] recognize it as the sister group of the authors explicitly treating Ponerinae sensu lato as formicoids [12], the clade with the bulk of species an all-encompassing taxon from which the other diversity (Fig. 2). Not included in either of the subfamilies arose [5]. poneroids or formicoids are ▶ Leptanillinae and The twenty-first century has already brought Martialinae, two diminutive subfamilies com- major changes to the higher classification as sub- posed of highly specialized tiny subterranean families were redefined [2], morphological charac- workers. -
Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae)
Russian Entomol. J. 28(4): 400–420 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2019 Illustrated catalogue of North American species of Ctenophion Horstmann and Phradis Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae) Èëëþñòðèðîâàííûé êàòàëîã ñåâåðîàìåðèêàíñêèõ âèäîâ Ctenophion Horstmann è Phradis Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae) A.I. Khalaim À.È. Õàëàèì Universidad Autünoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 1, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Зоологический институт РАН, Санкт-Петербург, Университесткая наб. 1, Россия. KEY WORDS: Nearctic region, North America, catalogue, type, Ctenophion, Phradis, parasitoids. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Неарктика, Северная Америка, каталог, тип, Ctenophion, Phradis, паразитоиды. ABSTRACT. Illustrated catalogue of North Ameri- The aim of this work is to give a catalogue of can species of genera Ctenophion Horstmann, 2010 (1 Nearctic species of Ctenophion and Phradis with data species) and Phradis Förster, 1869 (20 species) is pro- on holotype and general distribution to each species, vided. Colour photographs of holotypes of 18 species of and provide high quality colour photographs taken pri- Phradis are given for the first time. marily from holotypes. РЕЗЮМЕ. Дан иллюстрированный каталог се- Material and Methods вероамериканских видов родов Ctenophion Horst- mann, 2010 (1 вид) и Phradis Förster, 1868 (20 видов). Цветные фотографии голотипов 18 видов Phradis Following acronyms of depositories are used in this публикуются впервые. work: AEIC — Townes et Dasch collections (former American Entomological Institute), recently moved to the Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA; CNC — Introduction Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, On- tario, Canada; ESUW — University of Wyoming, First North American species of the genus Phradis Laramie, Wyoming, USA; TAMU — Texas A&M Uni- Förster, 1869, P.