•• 7'".. ~'" , . . /7~~I ~f Ii. :;{;;:[ I' if' . 1"·- t'

~HI S p resent Guide is based on the Guide by t he late ljishop Kingdon, now out of p rint.

\Ve are very greatly indebted Lo Prof. F. L H arvey for hi!; work in bringi ng the hi s ~or y of the Ca the­ d ral up to d a le. his resea rches in Bisho lJ Medley's D Jary alld at Snetlisham, in Norfolk. and fo r the very fine photographs from which the plates illus ll a ling this G uide were made; a lso to \Va ll ace Alward. Gq., 01' ~a in t John , for hi s draw­ ing of the spire. a nd 1.0 Mr. R. FitzRandol ph, J r .• fOl' IJfcparnlion of the Guide. C6ri.tc6urc6 C.t6tbraf .i\rtbtridon.

"""HE CELEBRATION of the Seventy-Fifth Anniversary of """ the Consecration of our beautiful Cathedral recalls the most interesting and affecting ceremony which dedictlted it forever to the worship of Almighty Cod. The Bishop writes in his journal, on August 3 1,1 853, "The Cllthedral, the corner stune of which was laid October I;, 184S. was consecrated [hi~ day. All praise be to Cod, who lilts enabled me. amidst many difficulties, to finish it. May the Lord pardon all that is amiss, and make it J-lis holy dwelling place for evermore, Amen," The Consecration was of course performed by the Bishop of the Diocese. Theft' were present also the Bishop of Quebec. Ri ghi Re verend C. J. Mountain. the Bi ~ llOp of Toronlo, the Right Reverend John Strachan, and Right Reverend Horatio Southgate, a Bishop of the C hurch in the U nited States, besides the Reverend Dr. H aight. oi New York. Dr. Edson. of Lowell, Mas~ .. Archdeacon Co~ter, Rector of Fredericton, Reverend Richard Pod more, C uratt! of St. Anne's Chapel. Reverend F. COO lcr, Rector of C.alf-I'on, and other Clergy of tht! diocese La the number of sixty. A procession was formed at 10 a. rn . in wh ich were several members of the Bench a nd Bar in their robes, Officers of the 76th Regirn('nt, the Mayor. and other distinguished inhabitants of the city and neighborhood, attended by boys bearing banners. The sermon was preached by Bishop Southgate from Ps. cuii., v. 1:\, 9. It was an able and elo4uent adJrt!ss, expre.'l~ive of the deep joy felt by the memhers of tht' American C hurch in this event as an earnesL of the wider extension of catholic unity. The music at the consecralion service was very finc, and included a beautiful anthem by Dr. George Elvey, organi:li. of S t. George's Chapel. Windsor Castle. and was well rt"ndered by a large and efficient choir. The organist was Mr. S. A. Hayter, who had re(:t"ivecl his training at Salisbury Cathedral. The organ was built by Mr. Naish, ....· ho had served his apprenticeship with Walker. the great London organ bui ld ~r, and who was brought out by the Bishop to do this work. THE C" T HEC~ A L , WE ST END S H OWING TR I PLE PDRC H irebtrlC- i o ll, met!) @rullllt!)lcfi 5

T he services conll ec ted with the consecration of the Cathedral lasted for a week; during which eloquent and appropriate sermons were preached by the Bishop of Quebec, formerl y Rector of the Parish of Fredericton: by D r. Haight, and by Dr. Edsoll , The Bishop held his hrst visitation, and delivered his hrst charge to his clergy on the Thur!lday of this week. Addresses were presented to the v isiting Bishops and Clergy, tll1d also to the Bishop of the Diocese from his clergy, before the prOl.:t:eJings terminated. The crowded congregations, the reverent riemeanor of the worshippers, and the large amoun t of the o f'fertory collections. showed that the grea t body of the people took it very hearty interest. and an honest pride, in their new Cathedral.

r- L.OTH 01'" GOL.O . FROM WII.L.IAM I V's CORO N A T ION

IWili".,"'; ' ~ w AM .... v' 6

T~'E MO ST REV. JOHN MEDLEV THt: RT. REV, H. T . KINGDON T HE RT. R£V. JOHN A . R I CH ARDSON !f~bt ri c foll , OO t ID @ru ll EfwlcR 7 - ----

l5i .tor~. It was Major General Sir Howard Douglas. Lieutenant­ Governor of New Brunswick from 1824 to 183 1, 1.. 110 first urged upon His Majesty's Secretary of State for t he Colonies the establis hment of a sepa rate Diocese fOJ this Province. This. however, did not come abou t unt'i! 1845, when the R everend John Medl('"y, of the Diocese of Exeter, was consecrated tho fir st Bishop of Fredericton. The Letlers Patent appointing him may be seen in the McCord Museum at Montreill. T he Iir,, 1 impulse was giv~ n to t he erection of tile C athedral by fr iends of the Bishup in E.xeter who p rt'scnled him. when he left for New Brunswick. with a cheque for £1400 "towards a cathedral church. or any other church purpose." Stimula ted by t his generous offering the Bi shop employed Mr. Frank \"Vi lls to draw plans for a cathedral for his new Diocese. He sent him to Snettisha m, in Norfolk. La take measurements of the fine parish cbun:.h there. which a ppeared to him to be a suitable model. The noble proportions of the nave are a faithful copy from this church. In general style we may trace Bishop Medley's love of Exeter Cathedral. and the " Decora ted" period of Gothic IIrchitcc.ture. The fir :

THE CATHEDRAL.. EAST END J"rct'ltrlcfoll. QJ.ew @ru1I6witR •

It is the I1 rst Cathedral buill in lh~ AngliclI n communion since the Reformation, and i~ may bl". truly said to be t he first Cathedral foundation since the Norman Conquest, for although many of the English Cathedrals as l:hey now stand have been e rected since that great event, they are. all on the site of {'arlier C hristian edifices. I t was indeed a work of faith to undertake so onerous a task. at the time at which it was begun. Nothing short of the energy and persistence of the first Bishop of the Seeof Fredericton could have accomplished it. Not only did he raise by himse lf and through his friends in England large sums towards the cause so dear to his heart, no~ only did he contribute a considerable portion of his own pnvatt' fonune, but he was able by his strong trust in the Divine assistance and in thl:' ability and willingness of the people o f this country to give, to arouse a widespread Interest in the work. and to obtain substantial aid for the building fund. The Cathedral itself will always be his most fitting and enduring monument. While the Cathedral was in process of building, the Bishop dete.rmined to erect It C hap~ l of Eltlle in the northern part of the city. of which the seats were to be free, for the accommoda­ tion of the increasing populat ion in that quarter. The founda­ tion stone was laid on Saturday, May 30. IB46. by tI!e Hon. John S. Saunders, by whom the site had been given to the Bishop, a dist inguisheJ COln pany of ch urch p~ople and others being present. On March IB , 1847. o nly ten months after the l!lying of the corne r sto ne, thl" Bishop's Chapel was consecrated by the name o f S t. Anne's C hapel, SI. Anne's having: been the original name nf Fre.deriClnn. I t is a signal t ribu te to the far seeing sagacity of the B ishop, that he perceived t hat the erection of this building for the worship of Almighty God, so far from being a check upo n the operations a t the Cathedral, would the rather advance them, which turned out to be the case. This C hurch is ot the style of architecture generally known as "Early English." which prevailed in England in the reign of H enry II I. and is an degant specimen of that style. It is nOW the Parish C hurch o[Ecedericton. The eventful day of the consecration of the Cathedral at last arrived, and on August 31. 18S3, that ceremony was duly performed. 10

CHANCEL !rtbtrfcfon, Q)tw------@rulI8wicft " On August 4, 1860, H. R. H. the Prince of Wales, who was trnvt'lling in Canada, paid a visit to lilt' Cathedral. where he was received by the Bishop. On Sunday, August 5, t he Prince with his stalf atlendt'd Divine \Vor ~ hifl lit tht' Calhe

THE EA6T W I NDOW jrcbcricfoll.

~<.cription of t6< Cat6,brar,

D IMENSIONS, Extreme lengt h 112 feet Wid th . exclusive of porch .. 67 feet Hf'ight of nave and choir to the ridge of the rool . 62 feet Hf"ig h t of tower to bas~ 01 pinnacle . 84 feet Hl:ight of spir~ including c ross . 1141eet Height of tower !lod spire . 198 feet Height of ai~ l e walls . 20 feel Height of c1tres tory 43 feet

STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE , I I is what is technicA ll y termed "Middle-Pointed,'· or "Decornted," with !1 determination rather towards the Flam­ hoyant t han the geom£'trical in the great t"flstNn and western windows. It is. in fact. a specimt"o of that pe.riod of ancient art. when what is called Gothic arcliitf"ct ure had attained its highest point, and had nol begun to degenerate into mere frippe ry of detail. The eqllilatt:ral triangle will be found to be tht: leading f(-ature of the desit::n. Every arch within. every window without. every gable of nnv<,. Iral1Sl'pts and c hoir. every principal rafter. obt"ys this fundamen ta l la w. wilh more or less of exac lness. and thf' snme principle is obsen'ed in the relation which the height of t he spire bears to Ihe length of the building. The old architects observed Ihis prin ciple in Ilature. and made it the foundation of some of thei r best works.

THE EXTERIOR, W I NDOW5. ETC.

Standing in the road al the ~out h west corner. we obtain one of the best views of the building. and of it!> silt-li ght West window. agr~eab l y filling the eye. and rising above the triple western porch. This wi ndow is divided into l'Ievt'n pear-shaped form1l , the mouldings of which all branch out of the t wo principal Ulullions o r upright stems. which act as the pillars of the whole I.

VEAY REV FAANCIS PARTRIDGE VERY REV . C .... "RLES O. SCt-iO":E;I.O VERY REV SCOVIL NEALES J"rtbcrit{o,l. OOtW @rul\&wieR --- s trllc ture. Eneh of Ih(!!;c seven di visions is sub-divided by ano llU'r series ~~f mouldings inta four 0 .. mor(' qunl rc foils. the princ ipal mO lddings b ra ll chiug upward like a trt'e. and termin­ Ating in :I single qualrc foi l in the heau. Al the otlH.'r extremi ty of Ih(, building is the E...1St window. whi ch. a s the clUlII('el uf Soeuish nm WIlS d e.~ troyed . was copied fn)m Selby Abbl.!Y. I t cnnsists of Seven lig h Ls, anel is thir ty feet in height by pigh .een feet in width. This wi ndow is less r .. ma rknble for ils tral' cry t hnn for its h a rJPY combination (, f triplels. fin d of multipl l"~ of three in a ll it .... parts, rendering it pec uliarly suggestive to the rcf\cctiv f" mind of II'S I hi gh doctrine of Christianity. to whie.h all o ur thoughts tend . anel in whose mi ghlY depths n ll r minds are lost. I t is peculi"rly $llitable for a n East window, by the large "vesi<;b," o r oval shapl!, which forms Ih", c", ntr.. of its trneery . and furnishes the glass pain red with an ... clm irable mode of treatmf"nt. The side windows of the \V('sl end are copied frllm the Eastern window o f E.xwick C hapel at EXNer, built by the Bishop in 18 4 1. This window wos drown by Mr. I-loyward, ~rcl,i r(> e t , E..'~eter. The side w in dows of t.h e lli f! lcs nre mos t o f Lh em copie... of 5nertis ha m windows, i'Xf'rrr t wo very elegant and o riiinal designs by Mr. Wills, the middle window cn e::teh sid e. They n re all of Lhree lig hts, I... i,h v:"I rif"d lran, .. y in the ,,·indow hf" ad . Tht're are Rlso f' ighlcen d ereslory wi ndows in Ih(" nave, I1bove t he ai!'.les, of t wo li ghts. Tht' rrnns"pts IHe necif:ssa rily shn rt , from the difficill ty of w

THE DOORS :

The external doors are all of New Brunswick grey oak. The West door is a reduced copy of that of Exeter Catheclral.ancl the inner South door. which is of bullernul, or white walnut, is taken from an old door in a church in Suffolk. The others wcrc designed by Mr. Wills.

HEAD OF CHRIST (ABOVE SHlLL'" ' N HIE CH~"CH. I - - - !rtb(rictoll. (t\ttt.l @rutl81l1icft "

THE INTERIOR ,

The building consists of a nave and two aisles. eighty feet by fifty-si)!: feet. a central tOWN standing on four massive arches and piers of cut s lone, short transepts on either side of t he tower. the whole tranllept being sh:ty-seven feet across hy I1ftcen .... ide: and a Sanc t uary eastward t hirt y-~ix feet by twe nty. and sixty­ two feet in height. The whole design and nrrangcnllCnt of the strudure is presen ted at once to the ey" on entering the \Vest door_ Five lofty tll'ches on eilhe r side. thirty-six feel in height, divide the nave from the a isl£s, and cMry the eye onwards to the nave 'Hch. on which i1'; imprin ted the emblem of man's salvation. Above Ibis. soars the massive hamlller-beam of eleven bays. which, t hmlgh a little later in style than the windows, yet from its elevation and steepness and the boldness of its mouldings it> entirely in harmony with the building. This roof was designed by Mr. Wills. and is greatly superior to the original at Snettis ham . Both a isles terminate in very t!legant screens, designed by Reverend Ernest Celdarcl of London and made h y J Howe of Saint John. N. 13. At the entrance to the South transept lics the exquisite cenotaph of BisllOp Medley. The sculpto rs, Bacon Bros. of London. executed an excellent fi gu re of t he Bishop. lying upon an ahar lomb, after tl1e manner of similar effigies in the ancient cathedrnls and churches. He is represented in his Episcopal robes, with mitre and crosier. This cenutaph will repay the d os('st study, beill g fully equal, both in design a nd execution. to examples of the kind anywhere in the world.

From the navf'; w{,

NAV E .0."'0 WEST EN D ~-rt'Otri,ton, Q1 tW @rlll18wicl\ 19

-~ - --

The memorial lo t h e members of the congregation who fell In the Great \Var takes lhe form uf a bronze tablet below a cross of stones from the Cathedrals of A rras a nd Yprel! let into the South \VCl!t tower pier. The rails of the ~anctuary are of bl aek walnut. Just within the sacranum is the Bishop's Throne. fln ely carved in oak. IJrc8cnted by the clergy of the Diocese as a memorial to the second Bishop, the I\ lgh t Reverend Hollingworth Tully King­ don. D.O. Sixtee n simple and beautiful s talls lead us on to the sedilia o f stone fOf the officiating cle rgy at the lime 01 the communion. OPINSltc to which is the Bishop's chair, a present hum Captain Paiai l"ct, a nd a perfect specimen o f English onk. To the Norlh 01 the a h c... slands Bishop Medley's throne. At hi, OWIl wish this was not much elevlited nor richly ca rved. The altar is of bl ack walnut. massive and simple, with a shlb of fine Devonshire marble, the gift of Mr. Rowe uf Eltetcr, surmoulltd by two candlesticks, as in all E.ng lish clI.tbedHlls, The Brill'S Altar cross i5 a replica of the altar cro~s d e"igned for Norwich Cdthedral by the Reverend John MedIc.,' son of Bishop Medley. The fI: redos is a sta tely and d ignified e rection of wood, wllie h will serve il~ turn until a mllr(: (:os tiy on1: of s lone may be erected at some future time. Among thl': altar vestments ure tW(I of great value, om: from l"vlr. Justice Coleridge. the other a prt'!scnt from a lady. There is ,dso a frontal 01 cloth of guld, which Wtl s used in \Vestzninstcr Abbey a t t he coronation of His Maj l;":!;I ly Kins \Villialll IV. and was given to the Bishur! by Prebendary Edwards of Westmins te r Abbey. t There is a credence in a receSS COVC.I·ed by n carved canopy between the scdilta and the rear wall. aLov!! which is an exquis. itely designed head of the Saviour crowned with thorns, which is olle of the most bCl.luti ful conceptions to be found anywhere. ------I Rubric trolll (orol1i1lioJ1 ~ I'v,<:e, "Then the Kin!>, kncc1I1'K "'~ bcru,e .•huuJd l1l~k" his oblatio'l. offering .. Pal! 01" Al ta i' (10111 ddi~ ) r<'d by the r.>fr>Cl!r !)f the Great \1/ardtobe to the I..mcl Greal Chambcrlain •."d b~ I,i,". kncclinl'(. to hi $ M"je~ty, lind an in l{Ut or w~dge of gold of a pounJ ...·clsht. wllidl tl,c T rc,u,,,e, of the Ilou ~ho l d should dcli,""C, 1.0 the Lord <; .., al Cha",lJed ftln . "Old he 1<:1 Hi, M,,;e!ICtH."J l>y Willi"", IV a.:.:ozdi"ll to the rubr;';. 20 ct6risfcJ}urcS ctlltljcbraf

It formed part of a reredos of slone, depicting the Ascension, with hgur~s of life s ize. which would have formed a most fitting climax to this noble sallctuary. T his s tone rcredos was brought out from England by Bishop M edlcy. Some of the congrega­ tion objet-ted to it, a nd lIot wishing to hurt the feding~ of any of his congregation, the Bishop did not erect. it . It is said that the reredos is bu ried so mewhere in the Cat.hedral glOunds. The wllole of this part of the Church is visible from the west cud, and though the distance is greal. the Communion s('rvice is heard di.!ltin(tly . The brass eagle wilieh forms the lectern is it Vf':ry handsome and costly work of art, seven feet six inchrs high. I t stand!) upon the floo r of the nave south of the choir s trps, and ;s a prominent object on entering the building. It WIIS the gift of Reverend R. Podmore. The pulpit is the Kift 01 Mrs. James L Fellows. in memory of her mother, and replaces the fine oJ"iginal pulpit of black walnut designed by Mr. Butterfield. which was given to Trinity C hurch. Susscx. The Font. whic h stands near the s(!co nd pillar from the entrance. is a. present from !I lady of Frede.ricton, and is executed very beautifully in Caen stone by Mr. Rowe, for many years t he Mason of Exeter Cathcdrnl. to whose abilities tho carved work of Ihe el1t1t ... nd wcst windows and canopy of the seJ ilia dO('s ample justice. GLASS, On e.n tering the west door, the eye is at o nce cdugh t by the subdued and cI\dstened brilliancy of the east window. It is chiefly the gift of members of the Church in the United States, though the artist. Mr. Wuiles, 01 Newcastle, E ngland, liberally gave £ 40 sterling towards it, besides the copper ~mti l1 g, worth .(21) mo re. Beneath it arc the words, " This window WIIS given by members of the C hurch ill t he United Stllies. a nn by the t crucilil.'

C ENO TAPH OF BI S H OP M EO LEY 22 ~ 6 d.tc6urc6 €af6 ebro.f ------sellls our Lord ent h roned. a s maH but mos l dis tinct figure. ~a t ed. and surrounded by adoring a ngels, which form the cmnpartmenls of t he g rea t heart-shaped oval in the cent re of the window. The arm s of t he seven North American British Sees. including Newfoundland. occupy the lower panels of Ih e window. and mark the time of its e rec tion. The \'<'est I" indow is a mass of glowing colour. especially when the sun shines t hrough it. with the flood of brill illilcy whic h pours in fro m our bri ght. clenr atmosphere. It represents the parallel between the Old Testament a nd the NO'w. At either eXlremity nre the two many rs. Abel and S1. Stl!'pht' n. then Elijah and J ohn the Baptis t a bove. H annah with the child Samuel. and the Blessed Virgin I"i ,h her Divine infant. then Moses with Lh e Law. a nd J esus as l he good shepherd . full of grace and t ruth . T he in terstices are ri ll ed wit h a ngl!ls. and the whole inte rwoven with a ne t-wo rk of leaves of white glass_ The uppe r traco:: ry prc.senu i'i most b.illia n t i!lr ray of rich hues, ill uminaling the whole roof. T he eigh teen clercs to ry wi ndows are of simple diape red pa ttern, Ringing their radiance upon lhe Hou r. The oisle wi ndows have a totally dis tinc t c haracler. t heir objet:t being to le t in lig ht and yet a void a painful glnre. Thil:\ is accomp .. lished by the designs he re ado pted , The windows arc n series. rInd nre almost all m c-mo ria!' T ho!;e a l th e. west end of the aislel:\ are considered by many to be t he fin est in the building. They Ilre not the o ri ginal windowfI, b ut were given by Bishop M edley subsequently 10 the consecration in memo ry of two very dear fr iends. They were made by C layton & Be,11. and aro:: greatly ad mi red. Taken as a whole. both in rlesign and exe­ cution. it may safely be said that the windows in the Cathedral a rc unrivnlled on this continen t. They admit the dim yet cheerful religious light ; they have depth . richness. brilliancy . and intensi ty ...... iLh nothing garish to offend. and nothing gloomy to depress_ the worshi ppers. !reberlclol1, (!tel;\:! @runswlcft 23 ------

N ORTH WE;ST AIS LE WINDOW €:6r1B(c 6 Uft6 €:(1f6ebr(1f

T HE BELLS,

Th" origin al bells, destroyed in the fire. were the gi.h of friends in England. They were eigh t in number. weig hing about /l ve to n>; , the tenor. or ill rgesl bdl. being 2800 Ibs., in the kt.y of E. Ra t . a nd weft': cast by the l:elebw led firm of Warner. of London. They were full a ud mellow in lone. On each Btll was a line of Ihis beautifu\ \egend :

Ave ~';'It " ' . H.C'Il . C" '" i<'" Aw:. FI!i. L","", Sal"atu•. A\~ Spiri, ,,. CO n!;ol .. lt .... A"" B""ta Unitan. A"" "im pl.. ". A,,~_ T rine. A\~ ICIl:""n ;ol in Sublime. A_ re.oo,,,'1 8inl': Ii",,_ A"" .S~ "LI,' TdfUlas. \I/ hic h In

After the fin": Sir james. then J ames Dunn. Esquire. ul Lundon, E nJ!: land . for merly of Bathursl, N . 8., p re:s~ nLt: J u chime of fifteen be ll:;, l:igh t bein J!: dupitcat£s of lhe o rig: m al bells i n~crihed with the same Vf'.r SI!"S. T he tenor. or 1i\ rgl'st bell. wClg hs '!tjllU Ibs. T hey were cast by th r: salll t: finn .J. nd un l:llch of the m:w bells IS a line of this old Lillin Do;>(ology :

Glori.. Pmtr;'" F' iliu .. t !:ipintui .s... u<"lu S'C III <:Ta ' in 1~ ,;n C I I "" Et N,,",c '" Sc'''I~ ' Et in S"'''cllh, s.."i:lllu,u II!. A,nen. !re.~e.ricforl. Q1ttxl @fUIlI>Wicft

THE FOLLOWING ARE THE NAMES OF TI-I£ BISHOPS OF THE DIOCESE OF FREDERICTON:

Th~ Right Reverend John Medley. D.O .. D.C.L.. LL.D., Lord Bishop of Fredc:ricton 1845-1892. Metropolitan of Canada 1879-1892. Tbe Right Reverend Hollingworth Tully Kingdon, D.O .. D.C.L .. Coadjutor Bishop of Fredericton 1881-1892. Lord Bishop of Fredericton 1892.1907. The RigbL Reverend John Andrew Richardson, D.O., D.C.L. Coadjutor Bishop of Fredericton 1906- 1907, Lord Bishop of Fredericton 1907-

THE FOLLOWING ARE THE NA.~ES OF THE CLERGY WHO HAVE SERVED THE CATI-IEDRAL:

The Reverend J. B. Medley. M.A .. to June. 1861. The Reverend C. S. Medley, B.A .. to April. IB64 . The Reverend E. S. Medley. B.A. The Reverend Jobn Pearson, Sub-Dean, May. 1864. to October. 187S. The Reverend Finlaw Alexander, Sub-oenn. November S. 1875-1893. The Reverend Clarence W. McCully, M.A .. Vicar. 1893- 1894. The Reverend H. F. E. Whalley. Sub·Dean. November. 1894. t o December, 1899. The Vcrr Reverend Francis Partridge. D.O.• Dean. April, 1895. Reverend H. H. Gilli es, B.A., Curate, June. 1900·Junc. 1901. Reverend F. M. C. Bedell, Curilte. June, 1901 -November, 1902. Reverend Thos. W. Street, M .A .• Sub-Dean. December. 1902. The Very Reverend Charles D. Schofield, Dean, 1907-1 9IS. The Very Reverend Scovil Neale" Dean, 1915-