(CPC) Outreach Journal #1091
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70 Years of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
IT IS 5 MINUTES TO MIDNIGHT ® Feature Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 2015, Vol. 71(1) 13–25 ! The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: American scientists as sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0096340214563679 public citizens: 70 years http://thebulletin.sagepub.com of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists David Kaiser and Benjamin Wilson Abstract For seven decades, the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has served as a discussion forum for urgent issues at the intersection of science, technology, and society. Born in the aftermath of World War II and a roiling debate over the control of the postwar atom, the Bulletin has been a sounding board for major nuclear-age debates, from atomic espionage to missile defense. Since the end of the Cold War, the magazine has featured an expanding array of challenges, including the threat posed by global climate change. The BulletinÕs contributors have expressed their public citizenship by helping to bring the political aspects of science into proper focus. They have stood up for the political freedom of science, and sought to harness scientific knowledge to respon- sible ends in the political arena. Such efforts are needed now, as they were in 1945. Keywords Atomic Scientists of Chicago, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Cold War history, Edward Teller, Eugene Rabinowitch, Federation of American Scientists, Hans Bethe, House Committee on Un-American Activities, Robert Oppenheimer, Ruth Adams t has been 70 years since a group The goals of their new organization and calling itself the ÒAtomic Scientists of their new journal were, as the first issue of I ChicagoÓ issued its first dispatch. -
South-North Dialogue in Korea
GPRN 11-1250000-000103-14 South-North Dialogue in Korea No. 76 (February 2013 ~ December 2013) Special Office for Inter-Korean Dialogue Ministry of Unification South-North Dialogue in Korea No. 76 (February 2013 ~ December 2013) Special Office for Inter-Korean Dialogue Ministry of Unification Contents Chapter I. Overview 7 Chapter II. Inter-Korean Political Dialogue 17 1. Working-Level Meetings for Inter-Korean Authorities’ Talks 17 2. Collapse of Inter-Korean Authorities’ Talks 24 Chapter III. Inter-Korean Economic Dialogue 29 1. Inter-Korean Authorities’ Talks for the GIC 29 A. The 1st Inter-Korean Working-Level Talks for the GIC 29 B. The 2nd Inter-Korean Working-Level Talks for the GIC 34 C. The 3rd Inter-Korean Working-Level Talks for the GIC 36 D. The 4th Inter-Korean Working-Level Talks for the GIC 38 E. The 5th Inter-Korean Working-Level Talks for the GIC 40 F. The 6th Inter-Korean Working-Level Talks for the GIC 42 G. The 7th Inter-Korean Working-Level Talks for the GIC 45 2. South-North Joint Committee Meetings for the GIC 48 A. The 1st Joint Committee Meeting for the GIC 48 B. The 2nd Joint Committee Meeting for the GIC 53 C. The 3rd Joint Committee Meeting for the GIC 56 D. The 4th Joint Committee Meeting for the GIC 60 3. South-North Joint Subcommittee Meetings for the GIC 63 A. Joint Subcommittee for the 3Cs 63 B. Joint Subcommittee for Entry, Exit and Stay 65 C. Joint Subcommittee for Investment Protection, Management and Operation 67 D. -
Wen Ho Lee Case Study1
Wen Ho Lee Case Study1 In the 1990s as the Clinton administration sought to expand diplomatic and trade relations with China, Chinese espionage against US technology targets–especially nuclear weapons data at national laboratories–was getting widespread publicity in the media. As charges and counter- charges floated in the air, scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) who were studying Chinese nuclear tests concluded that a 1992 test demonstrated a sudden advance in miniaturization of the country’s nuclear warheads. They argued that the warhead was very similar to the United States’ most advanced weapon, the W-88. With this advance, the Chinese had access to the technology that provided the basis of a modern, nuclear force. Robert M. Henson, a weapons designer at LANL, believed that the only way the Chinese could have made such advances was by stealing US secrets. Henson’s view was seconded by John L. Richter, a bomb designer who specialized in creating the trigger for the hydrogen bomb. He argued that the sketchy evidence available pointed to the Chinese having acquired significant data on the trigger in the W-88. Investigators believed that the theft of the W-88 data from the national laboratories occurred in the 1980s, and that there was evidence of ongoing Chinese espionage at the increasingly open national labs in the 1990s. Counterintelligence officials report that China is aggressive at collecting information on US advanced technology. Beijing employs both soft and mostly legal as well as classic, hard-spying techniques to gain access to critical information. While the Chinese approach all scientists, they focus on ethnic Chinese, both from the mainland and from Taiwan. -
Statement from Merrill Newman Dated December 9, 2013 Over the Past
Statement from Merrill Newman dated December 9, 2013 Over the past two days, I've been able to reunite with my wonderful family, rest, and try to recover from the difficult ordeal that began when I was prevented from leaving North Korea on October 26th. I can't begin to tell you how good it is to be home, to be free, and to begin to resume my normal home life. Let me repeat my thanks to the U.S. State Department for the amazing job they did in getting me out of North Korea and bringing me home safely. I want to thank Vice President Biden, who called me in Beijing to wish me well and even offered to give me a lift back to the United States on his plane. Thanks also to the Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang for their great work, especially their visit to me and their help in ensuring that I had the medicine I needed. Let me also express deep appreciation to friends, family, members of the First Congregational Church, wonderful people of faith and from all walks of life, residents and staff of our home at Channing House, and Members of Congress for their prayers, vigils, hard work, and moral support on my behalf. I want to single out Evans Revere for his extraordinary help. It wasn't until I got home on Saturday that I realized what a story I had become in the press here. During my detention I had no access to any outside news, and wondered whether anyone was even aware of my situation. -
Koreachairmonitor Dec 5 to Dec 18.Pub
December 5 - 18, 2013 The Korea Chair team takes a biweekly look back at events of interest in Washington, Seoul, and the region. U.S.-KOREA RELATIONS ROK Vice Foreign Minister Visits the United States Vice Foreign Minister Kim Kyou-hyun of the Republic of Korea (ROK) arrived in Washington on December 16 for annual strategic defense talks with high-level U.S. officials. Vice Foreign Minister Kim met with Deputy Secretary of State William Burns on December 17 to discuss the evolving security situation with North Korea, China’s ex- panded air defense identification zone (ADIZ), and Japan’s pursuit of the right of collective self-defense. Allies Conclude Ninth Round of SMA Negotiations The ninth round of negotiations for the Special Measures Agreement (SMA) to determine how the United States and South Korea will share the cost of maintaining U.S. troops on the peninsula began in Vice President Biden Meets with President Park Seoul on December 11 and ended without agreement on December Vice President Joe Biden concluded his week‐long 17. Senior Adviser for Security Negotiations and Agreements Eric tour of Asia with a visit to South Korea, where he met John was on hand to meet with Ambassador for Defense Burden- with President Park Geun‐hye on December 6 at sharing Hwang Joon-kook. The current SMA expires at the end of Cheong Wa Dae to discuss bilateral alliance issues, 2013 but officials have agreed to extend negotiations into 2014. geopolical concerns, and the current controversy South Korea-U.S. Defense, Alliance Talks surrounding China’s recently expanded air defense The United States and South Korea held mid-December bilateral idenficaon zone (ADIZ). -
Bulletin 131201 (PDF Edition)
RAO BULLETIN 1 December 2013 PDF Edition THIS BULLETIN CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES Pg Article Subject | *D0D* | 03 == DoD 2014 Budget [05] -------- (CBO Provides Options for Congress) 04 == DoD Benefit Cuts [23] ------------------- (Who Moved the Goal Post?) 05 == DoD Benefit Cuts [24] -------- (CBO Vet Deficit Reduction Options) 07 == DoD Benefit Cuts [25] -- (Conus Commissary Closing Plan Request) 08 == DoD Benefit Cuts [26] ----------- (Stars & Stripes/Pentagon Channel) 09 == DoD Audits ----- (Pentagon's Bosses Thwart Accurate DFAS Audit) 12 == DoD Medical Countermeasures -- (DoD Duplicating Effort by HHS) 13 == DoD Project Paperclip Lawsuit [02] ----- ( Case Heads to 9th Circuit) 14 == DoD Mobilized Reserve 20 NOV 2013 ---------- (Decrease of 2,344) 14 == DoD/VA Seamless Transition [19] ---- (Program Sputtered to a Halt) 15 == UN Disability Treaty ------------------ (DoD/VA Secretaries Endorse) 16 == Whistleblower Defense Hotline Program -- (31K Contacts Last Year) 17 == Arlington National Cemetery [45] --- (Section 60 Memento Dispute) 17 == NDAA 2014 [04] ------ (Senate Acts on Military's 2014 Budget Bill) 18 == BRAC [34] ---------------- (Officials Say DoD Needs More Closures) | *VA* | 19 == VA Burial Benefit [28] --- (S.1471 Approved and Passed to House) 19 == VA Loans [09] ------------------------------------------- (Practical Uses) 20 == VA Health Care Utilization -- (OEF/OIF/OND Vet Usage Reports) 21 == VA Facility Use (PTSD) ----- (Recent Veterans with PTSD Report) 22 == VA ID Card [02] ----------------------- (Susceptible to Identity Theft) 22 == VA Advance Funding [02] ----- (HVAC/SVAC Move on Approval) 23 == VA Fraud, Waste & Abuse [82] --- (Reported 15 thru 30 Nov 2013) 24 == VAMC Top Performers ------------ (32 Named in TJC 2013 Report) 25 == VAMC Augusta GA --------(Gastrointestinal Program Turnaround) 27 == VAMC Columbia SC [01] -- (Delays & Dust at Hospital Resolved) 27 == VAMC Jackson MS [01] ---- (Congressional Hearing on Problems) 29 == VAMC St. -
The Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons As Jus Cogens
CMT 4 - THE NON-PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS - NORMILE (DO NOT DELETE) 10/22/2019 4:56 PM The Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons as Jus Cogens Gaela Normile* ABSTRACT As a result of the Manhattan Project, a secret nuclear weapons program in 1946, the United States became the first nation in the world to secure a nuclear weapon. Although the United States’ nuclear weapon resulted in an international desire to attain similar capabilities, the leading scientists of the Manhattan Project released a somber statement that first reflected the destructive nature of nuclear weapons. The Manhattan Project scientists warned that a “grave danger lies ahead” if the issues associated with the weapon were not “carefully analyzed and discussed with competent authorities.” The statement released by the Manhattan Project scientists was the first express statement made about the dangers that accompany nuclear weapons and, incidentally, nuclear proliferation. The scientists’ grave prediction came to fruition one month later, when two nuclear bombs killed over 250,000 Japanese civilians in Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II. After the World War II nuclear bombings, the Soviet Union secured a nuclear weapon followed by the United Kingdom, France, and China. Fearing further proliferation and possible catastrophic results if the nuclear bomb fell into the wrong hands, the international community began to heed to the Manhattan Project scientists’ warnings by carefully analyzing and discussing nuclear non-proliferation. International discussions led to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) in 1970. Currently, the NPT is the largest binding arms and limitation agreement as 191 out of 193 States are party to the treaty. -
Nuclear Physics Instrumentation in Norway: 1933–1955
The Global and the Local: The History of Science and the Cultural Integration of Europe. nd Proceedings of the 2 ICESHS (Cracow, Poland, September 6–9, 2006) / Ed. by M. Kokowski. Roland Wittje * Nuclear physics instrumentation in Norway: 1933–1955 THROUGH THE LATE 1940s and the 1950s, nuclear scientists, technologists and administrators in Norway were deeply split about the nation's goals, organisation, politics, and — essentially related to this — research instrumentation for nuclear science. One faction was determined to build Norway’s first nuclear reactor, while another did not want a reactor at all. Whereas the first faction consisted of statesmen of science and research technologists, the second comprised academic scientist, most of whom had started their research career in nuclear physics in the 1930s. In order to understand this conflict, I will follow the development of research and instrumentation in nuclear physics both inside and outside Norway from the early 1930s to the mid-1950s. This period covers the time when scientists and engineers started to develop large-scale research instrumentation for nuclear physics research, followed by wartime experience and the American, British and German nuclear weapon projects, and ends with the beginning of the Cold War. The onset of the Cold War was characterised by secrecy in nuclear technology, the rise of the military-industrial-academic complex, particularly in the USA, and the beginning of European large-scale scientific co-operations. My overview will begin with early design and construction of particle accelerators by Odd Dahl and Rolf Widerøe, and follow the building of the first accelerator in Trondheim in the mid-1930s, the involvement of Norwegian scientists and engineers in wartime research and nuclear espionage and the post-war accelerator programs at the Norwegian universities. -
China: Suspected Acquisition of U.S
Order Code RL30143 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web China: Suspected Acquisition of U.S. Nuclear Weapon Secrets Updated February 1, 2006 Shirley A. Kan Specialist in National Security Policy Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress China: Suspected Acquisition of U.S. Nuclear Weapon Secrets Summary This CRS Report discusses China’s suspected acquisition of U.S. nuclear weapon secrets, including that on the W88, the newest U.S. nuclear warhead. This serious controversy became public in early 1999 and raised policy issues about whether U.S. security was further threatened by China’s suspected use of U.S. nuclear weapon secrets in its development of nuclear forces, as well as whether the Administration’s response to the security problems was effective or mishandled and whether it fairly used or abused its investigative and prosecuting authority. The Clinton Administration acknowledged that improved security was needed at the weapons labs but said that it took actions in response to indications in 1995 that China may have obtained U.S. nuclear weapon secrets. Critics in Congress and elsewhere argued that the Administration was slow to respond to security concerns, mishandled the too narrow investigation, downplayed information potentially unfavorable to China and the labs, and failed to notify Congress fully. On April 7, 1999, President Clinton gave his assurance that partly “because of our engagement, China has, at best, only marginally increased its deployed nuclear threat in the last 15 years” and that the strategic balance with China “remains overwhelmingly in our favor.” On April 21, 1999, Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) George Tenet, reported the Intelligence Community’s damage assessment. -
Espionage and Intelligence Gathering Other Books in the Current Controversies Series
Espionage and Intelligence Gathering Other books in the Current Controversies series: The Abortion Controversy Issues in Adoption Alcoholism Marriage and Divorce Assisted Suicide Medical Ethics Biodiversity Mental Health Capital Punishment The Middle East Censorship Minorities Child Abuse Nationalism and Ethnic Civil Liberties Conflict Computers and Society Native American Rights Conserving the Environment Police Brutality Crime Politicians and Ethics Developing Nations Pollution The Disabled Prisons Drug Abuse Racism Drug Legalization The Rights of Animals Drug Trafficking Sexual Harassment Ethics Sexually Transmitted Diseases Family Violence Smoking Free Speech Suicide Garbage and Waste Teen Addiction Gay Rights Teen Pregnancy and Parenting Genetic Engineering Teens and Alcohol Guns and Violence The Terrorist Attack on Hate Crimes America Homosexuality Urban Terrorism Illegal Drugs Violence Against Women Illegal Immigration Violence in the Media The Information Age Women in the Military Interventionism Youth Violence Espionage and Intelligence Gathering Louise I. Gerdes, Book Editor Daniel Leone,President Bonnie Szumski, Publisher Scott Barbour, Managing Editor Helen Cothran, Senior Editor CURRENT CONTROVERSIES San Diego • Detroit • New York • San Francisco • Cleveland New Haven, Conn. • Waterville, Maine • London • Munich © 2004 by Greenhaven Press. Greenhaven Press is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Greenhaven® and Thomson Learning™ are trademarks used herein under license. For more information, contact Greenhaven Press 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or you can visit our Internet site at http://www.gale.com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution or information storage retrieval systems—without the written permission of the publisher. -
A Reevaluation of the Damage Done to the United States by Soviet Espionage April Pickens James Madison University
James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal Volume 4 | Issue 1 2016-2017 A Reevaluation of the Damage Done to the United States by Soviet Espionage April Pickens James Madison University Follow this and other works at: http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/jmurj Recommended Chicago Citation Pickens, April. “A Reevaluation of the Damage Done to the United States by Soviet Espionage". James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal 4, no. 1 (2017): 56-64, accessed Month day, year. http:// commons.lib.jmu.edu/jmurj/vol4/iss1/5. This full issue is brought to you for free and open access by JMU Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal by an authorized administrator of JMU Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JMURJ Popular opinion and many historians portray the effects of Soviet espionage on the ABSTRACT United States as disastrous. Although covert Soviet efforts undeniably harmed America, their extent and gravity has been greatly exaggerated. This paper evaluates primary and secondary sources on the subject to strike a delicate balance between minimizing and inflating the effects of Soviet activities. It acknowledges that espionage did some damage, but questions the legal status, extent, and effect of much of the Soviets’ “stolen” information, ultimately arguing that most Soviet espionage was actually more harmful to the Soviet Union than to the United States. RUSSIAN COLONEL IS INDICTED Any argument downplaying covert Soviet endeavors HERE AS TOP SPY IN U.S.1 must begin with an admission that some espionage unquestionably led to detrimental consequences for CHIEF ‘RUSSIAN SPY’ the United States. -
(CUWS) Outreach Journal # 1280
Issue No. 1280 8 September 2017 // USAFCUWS Outreach Journal Issue 1280 // Feature Item “U.S. Strategic Nuclear Forces: Background, Developments, and Issues”. Written by Amy F. Woolf, published by the Congressional Research Service; August 8 2017 https://fas.org/sgp/crs/nuke/RL33640.pdf Even though the United States is in the process of reducing the number of warheads deployed on its long-range missiles and bombers, consistent with the terms of the New START Treaty, it also plans to develop new delivery systems for deployment over the next 20-30 years. The 115th Congress will continue to review these programs, and the funding requested for them, during the annual authorization and appropriations process. During the Cold War, the U.S. nuclear arsenal contained many types of delivery vehicles for nuclear weapons. The longer-range systems, which included long-range missiles based on U.S. territory, long-range missiles based on submarines, and heavy bombers that could threaten Soviet targets from their bases in the United States, are known as strategic nuclear delivery vehicles. At the end of the Cold War, in 1991, the United States deployed more than 10,000 warheads on these delivery vehicles. That number has declined to less than 1,500 deployed warheads today, and is slated to be 1,550 deployed warheads in 2018, after the New START Treaty completes implementation. At the present time, the U.S. land-based ballistic missile force (ICBMs) consists of 400 landbased Minuteman III ICBMs, each deployed with one warhead. The fleet has declined to 400 deployed missiles, while retaining 450 launchers, to meet the terms of the New START Treaty.