ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TRAVEL ON GEORGIA 2002 PROFILE

REGIONAL ANALYSIS

A Study Prepared for the Georgia Department of Industry, Trade and Tourism By the Travel Industry Association of America Washington, D.C. September 2003

Preface

PREFACE

This study was conducted by the research department of the Travel Industry Association of America (TIA) for the Georgia Department of Industry, Trade & Tourism. The report presents state and region level estimates of travel economic impact on Georgia in 2002. Quarterly and annual data on visitor volume, trip characteristics, and demographics of U.S. visitors to Georgia in 2002, traveler-related expenditures, travel-generated employment and payroll income, as well as tax revenues for state and local governments are included in this report. Detailed estimates of travel spending by category and traveler type are also provided. Annual 2001 travel economic impact estimates are displayed for comparison purposes.

The report focuses on U.S. domestic travel in Georgia only. Estimates of international travelers’ impact on Georgia will be provided once the data become available.

All data and estimates covered in this report are on a calendar year basis.

Research Department Travel Industry Association of America Washington, D.C. September 2003

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ...... 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 3 2002 U.S. ECONOMY AND TRAVEL INDUSTRY OVERVIEW ...... 7 SECTION 1: DOMESTIC TRAVELERS IN THE STATE OF GEORGIA - 2002 ...... 11 TOTAL VISITATION...... 12 DESTINATION/OVERNIGHT VISITATION ...... 13 VISITATION BY PURPOSE AND MODE ...... 18 OVERNIGHT VISITATION BY LODGING TYPE ...... 23 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF GEORGIA TRAVELERS...... 26 SECTION 2: ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TRAVEL ON GEORGIA - 2002...... 28

DOMESTIC TRAVEL EXPENDITURES...... 29 DOMESTIC TRAVEL-GENERATED EMPLOYMENT ...... 34 DOMESTIC TRAVEL-GENERATED PAYROLL ...... 36 DOMESTIC TRAVEL-GENERATED TAX REVENUE...... 38 LODGING PROFILE: GEORGIA, 2002 ...... 40

REGION PROFILE ...... 41 COUNTY TABLES ...... 51 APPENDICES...... 67  APPENDIX A: TRAVELSCOPE METHODOLOGY ...... 68 APPENDIX B: TRAVEL ECONOMIC IMPACT MODEL ...... 70 APPENDIX C: GLOSSARY OF TERMS – TEIM...... 73 APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY OF TERMS - TRAVELSCOPE...... 75 APPENDIX E: SOURCES OF DATA ...... 77 APPENDIX F: RIMS II ...... 78 APPENDIX G: TRAVELSCOPE SURVEY CARD...... 82 APPENDIX H: REGION VOLUME ESTIMATES...... 83 APPENDIX I: REGION DEFINITIONS ...... 84

List of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table A: Overall U.S. Economic Developments, 2000-2002...... 9 Table B: Travel Trends, 2000-2002...... 10 Table 1.1: Domestic Travelers in the state of GEORGIA - 2002...... 12 Table 1.2: Domestic DESTINATION/OVERNIGHT Travelers in GEORGIA REGIONS - 2002 ...... 13 Table 1.2b: Domestic DESTINATION/OVERNIGHT Travelers in GEORGIA REGIONS by quarter- 2002...... 14 Table 1.3: Share of Travel Volume in GEORGIA by quarter - 2002...... 15 Table 1.4: Share of Overnight and Day Trip Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS - 2002 ...... 15 Table 1.5: Share of In-State Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS - 2002 ...... 16 Table 1.5b: Share of In-State Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS by quarter - 2002...... 17 Table 1.6: Travel Volume in GEORGIA by Purpose of Trip - 2002...... 18 Table 1.7: Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS by Purpose of Trip - 2002 ...... 19 Table 1.7b: Share of Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS by Purpose of Trip by quarter- 2002 ...... 20 Table 1.8: Travel Volume in GEORGIA by Mode of Transportation - 2002...... 21 Table 1.9: Share of Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS by Mode of Transportation - 2002...... 22 Table 1.10: Overnight Travel in GEORGIA by Accommodation Type - 2002...... 23 Table 1.11: Overnight Travel in GEORGIA REGIONS by Accommodation Type - 2002...... 24 Table 1.12: Trip Characteristics of Travelers in GEORGIA - 2002...... 25 Table 1.13: Demographic Characteristics of Travelers in GEORGIA - 2002...... 27 Table 2.1: Direct and Total Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia – 2002...... 29 Table 2.2: Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia by Category, 2002...... 31 Table 2.3: Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia by Quarter, 2002 ($ Millions)...... 32 Table 2.4: Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia by Traveler Type, 2002 ...... 32 Table 2.5: Domestic Travel-Generated Employment in Georgia by Quarter, 2002 (Thousands)...... 34 Table 2.6: Domestic Travel-Generated Employment in Georgia by Industry Sector, 2001-2002...... 35 Table 2.7: Domestic Travel-Generated Payroll in Georgia by Quarter, 2002 ($ Millions)...... 36 Table 2.8: Domestic Travel-Generated Payroll in Georgia by Industry Sector, 2001-2002...... 37 Table 2.9: Domestic Travel Generated Tax Revenue in Georgia by Level of Government, 2001-2002...... 38 Table 2.10: Domestic Travel-Generated State Tax Revenue in Georgia by Quarter, 2002 ...... 39 Table 2.11: Lodging Profile ...... 40 Table 3.1: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia by Region and Industry - 2002...... 42 Table 3.2: Georgia Domestic Travel Expenditure by Traveler Characteristics, 2002...... 43 Table 3.3: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia by Quarter and Region - 2002 ...... 44 Table 3.4: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County - 2002 ...... 45 Table 3.5: 2002 Georgia Regional Lodging Profile by Quarter - Hotel/Motel...... 49 Table 3.6: 2002 Georgia Regional Lodging Profile by Quarter - Campground ...... 50 Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County ...... 52 Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels...... 57 Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County...... 62

Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Section 1 of this report provides information on U.S. travelers visiting Georgia during 2002. Information presented in this section is captured via TravelScope®, a national consumer survey conducted monthly, using National Family Opinion’s (NFO) consumer panel of U.S. households. TravelScope is a cooperative research effort, funded by states, cities and other participants and managed by the Research Department of the Travel Industry Association. Since 1994, TravelScope has collected visitor volume, market share, trip characteristics, and demographics for all U.S. domestic travel. See Appendix A for more information on TravelScope methodology.

Section 1 takes a comprehensive look at the unique travel characteristics of Georgia visitors. Travel as measured in this report is based on trips of 50 miles or more, one way, away from home or trips including one or more nights’ stay. Respondent households are instructed to not include trips commuting to/from work or school or trips taken as a flight attendant or vehicle operator. Travel volume estimates for Georgia are based either on the number of households traveling (household trips) or the number of persons traveling (person-trips). See Appendix G for a copy of the survey questionnaire.

For purposes of this report, analysis of trip characteristics and traveler demographics focuses on destination/overnight visitors to Georgia. Destination/overnight person-trips are trips taken by travelers who spent one or more nights in the state OR indicated that Georgia was a specific trip destination whether or not they stayed overnight (i.e. they were not just passing through). These are visitors traveling specifically to Georgia for leisure, business or other purposes.

National figures in this report are based on total domestic travel, that is person-trips originating in the 48 contiguous states and traveling to any of the 50 states.

Estimates of travel volumes for Georgia regions include an adjustment to account for the portion of travelers who went to Georgia but did not mention the specific cities/attractions they visited while in the state. See Appendix H for an explanation of regional volume estimates.

Appendix I provides a list of counties included in each region.

Section 2 of the report presents economic impact estimates of U.S. domestic travelers in Georgia during 2002. These estimates are produced via TIA's Travel Economic Impact Model (TEIM), a computerized economic model producing estimates of travel spending and its impact on employment, wage and salary (payroll) income, state and local tax revenues.

The TEIM, initially developed in 1975 for the U.S. Department of the Interior, measures the economic value of travel and tourism to states and counties. The original model has since been extensively revised using more accurate and targeted input data available from governments and the private sector. The TEIM is based upon national travel surveys conducted by TIA and other data developed by the Bureau of the Census, TIA, various federal agencies and national travel organizations each year. A description of the TEIM is provided in Appendix B. Estimates of travel economic impact in Georgia are based on the most recent version of the TEIM. Most

1 Introduction current TravelScope data and the data provided by Georgia Department of Industry, Trade and Tourism and other sources are employed in the model.

U.S. domestic travel data includes both state residents and out-of-state visitors to Georgia traveling away from home overnight in paid or unpaid accommodations, or on day trips to places 50 miles or more, one way, away from home during 2002. Travel commuting to and from work; travel by those operating an airplane, bus, truck, train or other form of common carrier transportation; military travel on active duty; and travel by students away at school, are all excluded from the model. In addition, the payroll and employment estimates represent impact generated in the private sector and exclude public-supported payroll and employment.

Since additional data relating to travel and its economic impact in 2002 will become available subsequent to this study, TIA reserves the right to revise these estimates in the future.

2 Executive Summary

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

U.S. Travelers in Georgia

Georgia hosted a total of 42 million visitors in 2002, an increase of 2 percent over 2001. By comparison, total U.S. domestic travel volume was relatively flat (+0.3%) in 2002.

Four in ten (41%) Georgia travelers visited the Atlanta Metro region in 2002. Twelve percent of person-trips included a visit to Georgia's Coast. One in ten (10%) visited the Historic South region, nine percent visited Georgia's Mountains and eight percent visited the Southern Rivers region. A significant portion of 2002 travelers in Georgia (21%) passed through the state on their way to another destination.

Of the 42 million domestic person-trips to Georgia, 72 percent (30 million) are destination/ overnight visitors. Destination/overnight visitor volume declined by 4 percent. Destination/ overnight person-trips are trips taken by travelers who spent one or more nights in the state OR indicated that Georgia was a specific trip destination (i.e. they were not just passing through).

Sixty-three percent (19 million) of destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia were taken by pleasure travelers. Visiting friends and relatives was the most common purpose for pleasure travel (43% of all destination/overnight person-trips).

Business travel accounted for 23 percent of destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia, just under 7 million visitors. Business travel in Georgia declined significantly in 2002, down 14 percent from 2001. Nationally, business travel in 2002 was down by 5.5 percent from 2001.

Georgia destination/overnight visitors traveled primarily by auto (81%), more so than in the U.S. overall (77%). Eighty-three percent of destination/overnight travelers in Georgia stayed overnight in the state. The average in-state trip duration for overnight visitors was 3.2 nights. Fifty-eight percent of overnight visitors used hotels, motels or B&Bs for their overnight accommodations.

Direct Economic Impact of Domestic Travel

Domestic travelers directly spent $13.9 billion in Georgia in 2002, off 1.6 percent from 2001. These expenditures generated 207.1 thousand jobs within Georgia and generated more than $5.8 billion payroll income for these workers. Travel-generated jobs declined 3.1 percent from 2001.

On average, every $66,953 spent in Georgia by U.S. travelers generated one job in 2002.

Direct domestic travel expenditures in Georgia generated over $1.1 billion in tax revenue for state and local governments in 2002, off 0.1 percent from 2001.

3 Executive Summary

In addition to spending on air, rail and bus transportation, U.S. travelers spent an average of $82.28 per day in Georgia, which includes day trip travelers. Each overnight traveler spent an average of $108.81 per day. Day-trip travelers spent an average of $51.92 in Georgia.

4 Executive Summary

The following table summarizes Georgia travel and tourism in 2002.

SUMMARY OF GEORGIA TRAVEL AND TOURISM, 2002

DESTINATION U.S. Domestic Visitors TOTAL / OVERNIGHT Pleasure 26,879,000 19,160,000 Business 8,987,000 6,956,000 Other 6,132,000 4,128,000 Total 41,998,000 30,244,000

Direct Economic Impact of Domestic Travel Expenditures ($ Millions) $13,865.9 Employment (Thousands) 207.1 Payroll ($ Millions) $5,840.1 State and Local Tax Revenue ($ Millions) $1,102.0

SUMMARY OF GEORGIA TRAVEL VOLUME BY REGION, 2002

DESTINATION U.S. Domestic Visitors by Region TOTAL / OVERNIGHT Atlanta Metro 17,258,000 15,502,000 Georgia's Coast 4,974,000 4,546,000 Georgia's Mountains 3,912,000 3,546,000 Historic South 4,342,000 3,936,000 Southern Rivers 3,287,000 3,158,000 Pass thru/no specific GA destination 8,689,000 Total 41,998,000 30,244,000

Note: Volumes add to more than 100% because travelers may visit more than one region on a trip

5 Executive Summary

SUMMARY OF GEORGIA DIRECT ECONOMIC IMPACT BY REGION, 2002

STATE AND Direct Economic EMPLOY- LOCAL TAX Impact of Domestic EXPENDITURES MENT PAYROLL REVENUE Travel by Region ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions) Atlanta Metro $8,483.9 132.6 $4,426.2 $715.85 Georgia's Coast $1,229.4 16.3 $352.2 $89.54 Georgia's Mountains $1,390.6 19.7 $357.4 $99.26 Historic South $1,674.1 23.5 $432.6 $119.61 Southern Rivers $1,094.8 15.0 $273.6 $77.76 Total $13,872.7 207.1 $5,840.1 $1,102.0

6 Section 1: U.S. Travelers in Georgia - 2002

2002 U.S. ECONOMY AND TRAVEL INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

In the aftermath of the most difficult year in its history, the U.S. travel industry had hoped for a strong rebound in 2002. This failed to materialize and the industry as a whole found itself in the middle of a protracted struggle to maintain ground. Ongoing concerns about further terrorist attacks, coupled with slow economic growth, worked against prospects for near-term recovery.

Although the U.S. economy experienced a recession in 2001 with three consecutive quarters of decline in real GDP, there were some encouraging signs in early 2002. First quarter 2002 real GDP reached 5.0 percent, the largest quarterly increase since fourth quarter 1999. However, the rate of growth subsequently slowed and real GDP increased just 2.4 percent for the year. In 2002, 1.1 million nonfarm jobs disappeared, the largest annual decline since 1991. Reflecting the economy’s overall weakness, the national unemployment rate hit 5.8 percent.

U.S. Travel Volume in 2002

Domestic person-trips by U.S. travelers remained relatively flat in 2002 at 1.021 billion person- trips (a 0.3% increase over 2001). Following the economic trends, first quarter travel volume was strong (+3% over 2001) but weakened beginning in the second quarter and remained stagnant for the remainder of the year.

Despite economic concerns and fears about terrorism, pleasure person-trips grew by 1.9 percent in 2002. As with overall travel, the strength in leisure travel was largely seen in the first quarter (+6% over 2001), before weakening and remaining subdued in the waning months of the year. The weak economy and concerns about war in Iraq contributed to a significant reduction in business person-trips in 2002. Business travel volume was down 5.5 percent for the year. In fact, 2002 marked the fourth consecutive annual decline in business person trips. Air travel continued a second year of decline, dropping 8 percent in person-trip volume from the already depressed volumes seen in 2001.

Travel Expenditures in 2002

Both domestic and international travel expenditures declined for the second consecutive year in 2002. Domestic travel expenditures fell 1.6 percent and international travel spending declined 7.4 percent (the most current estimates from TIA and OTTI). Total domestic and international travel expenditures were off 2.4 percent in 2002. At the same time, visitor volume failed to offset lower spending levels.

The lingering impact of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on international travel to the U.S. was even more severe than on domestic travel. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, international arrivals to the United States in 2002 decreased 6.7 percent from 2002. U.S. international travel receipts decreased $5.4 billion from 2002 (excluding international passenger fares).

7 Section 1: U.S. Travelers in Georgia - 2002 Due to ongoing declines in airfares and lodging prices from reduced demand, travel costs, measured by TIA's Travel Price Index (TPI), fell 0.3 percent in 2002, the first annual decline in last decade. This stands in marked contrast to overall inflation as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI-U), which rose 1.6 percent in 2002.

Travel Employment in 2002

The private sector of the U.S. economy experienced severe cuts in employment starting in the last quarter of 2001. According to the estimates of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, about 1.7 million jobs were lost between September 2001 and December 2002. The national unemployment rate hit 5.8 percent in 2002.

The travel-related employment situation was even worse. Total U.S. employment generated by travel fell 4.2 percent in 2002. In fact, from September 2001 to December 2002, it is estimated that 378,000 travel industry jobs disappeared -- accounting for nearly 23 percent of all private sector jobs lost. Before 9/11, travel-related jobs comprised six percent of all private industry employment. The impact on the travel industry was therefore far more severe.

Substantial layoffs started to occur immediately after September 11, 2001 in most travel related sectors, including the airline, travel planning and lodging industries, and continued on a grander scale throughout 2002. Several other travel industry sectors, including amusement and recreation services and retail, which had laid off relatively few workers in late 2001, were forced to downsize considerably during 2002. Compared to 2001, employment was down 4.6 percent in the amusement/recreation industry and 3.4 percent in the travel-related retail sector.

Looking ahead to 2003, TIA forecasts that domestic travel volume will increase slightly while domestic travel spending is expected to decline somewhat. International traveler spending in the U.S. is not expected to return to the record-breaking level attained in 2000 until at least 2004.

8 Section 1: U.S. Travelers in Georgia - 2002

Table A: Overall U.S. Economic Developments, 2000-2002

Sector 2000 2001 2002

Nominal gross domestic product ($ billions) $9,824.6 $10,082.2 $10,446.2 Real gross domestic product ($ billions)* $9,191.4 $9,214.5 $9,439.9 Total retail sales ($ billions) $3,059.1 $3,167.8 $3,265.9

Real disposable personal income ($ billions)* $6,630.3 $6,748.0 $7,036.8 Real personal consumption expenditures $6,223.9 $6,377.2 $6,576.0 ($ billions)*

Consumer price index 173.6 177.5 180.9 Travel price Index 194.8 196.9 196.3

Non-farm payroll employment (millions) 131.7 131.9 130.8 Unemployment rate 4.0 4.8 5.8

Percentage change from previous year

Nominal gross domestic product 5.9% 2.6% 3.6% Real gross domestic product 3.8% 0.3% 2.4% Total retail sales 6.7% 3.6% 3.1%

Real disposable personal income 4.8% 1.8% 4.3% Real personal consumption expenditures 4.3% 2.5% 3.1%

Consumer price index 3.5% 2.2% 1.9% Travel price Index 6.1% 1.1% -0.3%

Non-farm payroll employment 2.2% 0.2% -0.9%

Sources: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, U.S. Dept. of Labor. Note: * Chained 1996 dollars.

9 Section 1: U.S. Travelers in Georgia - 2002

Table B: Travel Trends, 2000-2002

Category 2000 2001 2002

Total U.S. resident person-trips 997.6 1,017.8 1,021.3 (millions) Total international visitors (millions) 50.9 44.9 41.9

U.S. travel expenditures ($ billions) $488.2 $469.8 $462.3 International travel expenditures $82.4 $71.9 $66.5 in the U.S.* ($ billions)

Travel price index 194.8 196.9 196.3 Travel-generated employment** 7,569 7,482 7,166 (thousands)

Percentage change from previous year

Total U.S. resident person-trips 1.0% 2.0% 0.3% Total international visitors 5.1% -11.9% -6.7%

U.S. travel expenditures 6.7% -3.8% -1.6% International travel expenditures 10.2% -12.8% -7.4% in the U.S.*

Travel price index 6.1% 1.1% -0.3% Travel-generated employment** 2.9% -1.1% -4.2%

Sources: TIA, OTTI/ITA Notes: * Includes spending within the U.S. only. ** Excludes air courier business related employment.

10 Section 1: U.S. Travelers in Georgia - 2002

SECTION 1

DOMESTIC TRAVELERS IN THE STATE OF GEORGIA - 2002

11 Total Visitation

TOTAL VISITATION

Person-trip volumes as measured in this report are based on trips of 50 miles or more, one way, away from home or trips including one or more nights’ stay. Trips commuting to/from work or school, or trips taken as a flight attendant or vehicle operator, are not included. Total travel volume measures all trips mentioned by respondents as including Georgia in their itinerary. Georgia may not be the final destination for some of these travelers.

Georgia hosted 42 million visitors in 2002, an increase of two percent from 2001. By comparison, total U.S. domestic travel volume remained relatively flat in 2002, up just 0.3 percent from 2001.

The Atlanta Metro region draws the largest share of person-trips in the state. Four in ten (41%) Georgia travelers visited the Atlanta Metro region in 2002. Twelve percent of person-trips included a visit to Georgia's Coast. One in ten (10%) visited the Historic South region, nine percent visited Georgia's Mountains and eight percent visited the Southern Rivers region. Twenty-one percent of 2002 travelers in Georgia passed through the state on their way to another destination.

Table 1.1: Domestic Travelers in the state of GEORGIA - 2002

U.S. domestic person-trips (thousands) Annual Share

Total Georgia Travelers 41,998 Atlanta Metro 17,258 41% Georgia's Coast 4,974 12% Georgia's Mountains 3,912 9% Historic South 4,342 10% Southern Rivers 3,287 8%

Of the 42 million domestic person-trips to Georgia, 72 percent (30 million) were destination/ overnight visitors. Destination/overnight travelers are those travelers who spent one or more nights OR indicated that Georgia was a specific trip destination (i.e. they were not just passing through).

For purposes of this report, analysis of trip characteristics and traveler demographics focuses on destination/overnight visitors to Georgia.

12 Destination/Overnight Visitation

DESTINATION/OVERNIGHT VISITATION

Destination/overnight person-trips are trips taken by travelers who spent one or more nights in the state OR indicated that Georgia was a specific trip destination (i.e. they were not just passing through). These are visitors traveling specifically to Georgia for leisure, business or other purposes. The remainder of section one of this report focuses on destination/overnight visitors to Georgia.

Georgia hosted 30 million destination/overnight visitors in 2002, a decline of 4 percent from 2001.

Over half (51%) of Georgia's destination/overnight travelers visited the Atlanta Metro region in 2002. Fifteen percent of person-trips included a visit to Georgia's Coast. Thirteen percent visited the Historic South region, 12 percent visited Georgia's Mountains and 10 percent visited the Southern Rivers region.

Destination/overnight travel volume in 2002 was down across all regions compared to 2001. The least affected area was the Atlanta Metro region where destination/overnight person-trips declined by two percent from the year prior. Destination/overnight person-trips to Georgia's Coast declined by four percent, on par with the state overall. Travel to the remaining three regions declined by more than the state average. Destination/overnight person-trips to both Georgia's Mountains and the Southern Rivers region declined by nine percent from 2001. The Historic South saw the largest decline, with destination/overnight person-trips slipping 13 percent from 2001 levels.

Table 1.2: Domestic DESTINATION/OVERNIGHT Travelers in GEORGIA REGIONS - 2002

U.S. domestic person-trips (thousands) Annual Share

Total Georgia Travelers 30,244 Atlanta Metro 15,502 51% Georgia's Coast 4,546 15% Georgia's Mountains 3,546 12% Historic South 3,936 13% Southern Rivers 3,158 10%

13 Destination/Overnight Visitation

January through March were the slowest travel months in Georgia, with 20 percent of destination/overnight person-trips (6.1 million) occurring in these months. The highest travel volumes were seen in quarter 3 (July - September), with 29 percent of destination/overnight person-trips (8.7 million).

Regional travel volumes followed a similar pattern with the lowest volumes occurring in quarter one and the highest volumes in quarter three. The exception was the Historic South region where the highest travel volume (35%) was seen in quarter four.

Table 1.2b: Domestic DESTINATION/OVERNIGHT Travelers in GEORGIA REGIONS by quarter- 2002 Destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia (in thousands) Annual Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4

Total Georgia Travelers 30,244 20% 25% 29% 26% Atlanta Metro 15,502 21% 25% 27% 27% Georgia's Coast 4,546 17% 30% 35% 18% Georgia's Mountains 3,546 18% 24% 35% 23% Historic South 3,936 19% 23% 23% 35% Southern Rivers 3,158 20% 21% 34% 25%

14 Destination/Overnight Visitation

Day-trip visitors accounted for 17 percent of destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia. This is similar to the level of day-trip travel seen nationally (15%).

Table 1.3: Share of Travel Volume in GEORGIA by quarter - 2002

Category Total Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Destination/overnight person-trips in 30,244 20% 25% 29% 26% Georgia (in thousands)

Overnight 25,189 20% 25% 28% 26% Day Trip 5,055 20% 23% 30% 27% In-state 8,116 21% 23% 31% 25% Out-of-state 22,128 20% 26% 28% 26%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

The share of 2002 overnight travel was not consistent across the regions. The Atlanta Metro area captured the largest share of overnight travel with 90 percent of visitors staying at least one night. Travelers lodging in the Atlanta Metro area may make day-trip excursions to other parts of the state. The lowest share of overnight travel was seen in Georgia's Mountains where just over two thirds (68%) of visitors spent one or more nights in the area. The Historic South (77%) and Southern Rivers (79%) regions experienced lower than average (for the state) shares of overnight travel. Destination/overnight travelers to Georgia's Coast (86%) were just slightly more likely than the average Georgia traveler to be staying overnight.

Table 1.4: Share of Overnight and Day Trip Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS - 2002

Category Total Overnight Day-Trip

Georgia 30,244 83% 17% Atlanta Metro 15,502 90% 10% Georgia's Coast 4,546 86% 14% Georgia's Mountains 3,546 68% 32% Historic South 3,936 77% 23% Southern Rivers 3,158 79% 21%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

15 Destination/Overnight Visitation

In-state travelers accounted for 27 percent of all destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia. This was much lower than the national average (48%).

The share of in-state travel differed greatly among the five regions. The highest share of in-state destination/overnight person-trips was seen in the Historic South (55%). Over half (51%) of destination/overnight travelers in Georgia's Mountains were resident travelers. Just over a third of destination/overnight travelers in the Southern Rivers (38%) and Georgia's Coast (33%) regions were state residents. The Atlanta Metro area (13%) experienced the lowest levels of resident travel in the state.

Table 1.5: Share of In-State Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS - 2002

Category Total In-state Out-of-state

Georgia 30,244 27% 73% Atlanta Metro 15,502 13% 87% Georgia's Coast 4,546 33% 67% Georgia's Mountains 3,546 51% 49% Historic South 3,936 55% 45% Southern Rivers 3,158 38% 62%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

16 Destination/Overnight Visitation

In general, in-state and out-of-state quarterly travel patterns were similar. The lowest travel volumes were seen in quarter one (21% in-state /20% out-of-state) and the highest volumes in quarter three (31% in-state /28% out-of-state). The exception is out-of-state travel in the Historic South Region. Out-of-state travelers accounted for the high share of destination/overnight travel in quarter four in the Historic South (28% in-state/43% out-of-state).

Table 1.5b: Share of In-State Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS by quarter - 2002

Category Total Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

In-State Georgia 8,116 21% 23% 31% 25% Atlanta Metro 1,953 19% 25% 25% 30% Georgia's Coast 1,509 21% 29% 33% 17% Georgia's Mountains 1,819 24% 23% 35% 18% Historic South 2,173 19% 21% 32% 28% Southern Rivers 1,203 26% 16% 35% 22%

Out-of-State Georgia 22,128 20% 26% 28% 26% Atlanta Metro 13,549 21% 25% 28% 27% Georgia's Coast 3,037 14% 31% 36% 19% Georgia's Mountains 1,727 12% 24% 36% 28% Historic South 1,763 19% 25% 13% 43% Southern Rivers 1,955 16% 25% 33% 26%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

17 Visitation by Purpose and Mode

VISITATION BY PURPOSE AND MODE

Primary Purpose of Trip

The majority (63%) of destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia (19 million) were taken for pleasure purposes. Destination/overnight pleasure travel volume in Georgia declined by one percent from 2001 while at the national level, pleasure travel volume increased by 1.9%. The share of pleasure travel was higher in the last half of the year (66% of destination/overnight person-trips each in quarter three and four). The lowest volume of pleasure travel occurred in the first quarter (56% of destination/overnight person-trips).

Pleasure travel includes trips taken to Purpose of Trip of Georgia Visitors-2002 visit friends or relatives, for entertainment or for outdoor recreation Other purposes. Visiting friends and relatives 14% Visit Friends was the most common purpose for or Relatives 43% pleasure travel (43% of all destination/ Business overnight person-trips). Fifteen percent 23% of person-trips in Georgia were for entertainment purposes, and five percent Entertain- Outdoor were for outdoor recreation. ment Recreation 15% 5% Business travel includes trips taken for Based to destination/overnight travel. seminar/conventions, business and combined business/pleasure purposes. Business travel accounted for 23 percent of destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia (7 million visitors), down 14 percent from 2001. Nationally, business travel was down by 5.5 percent from 2001. The majority (14%) of all destination/ overnight person-trips) of business travel was for general business purposes. Contrary to pleasure travel, business travel was highest in quarter one (29%) and lowest in the fourth quarter (20%).

Table 1.6: Travel Volume in GEORGIA by Purpose of Trip - 2002

Category Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia (in thousands) 30,244 6,067 7,580 8,679 7,918

Pleasure 63% 56% 64% 66% 66%

Business 23% 29% 22% 22% 20%

Other 14% 14% 14% 13% 14%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

18 Visitation by Purpose and Mode

Across all regions, the majority of destination/overnight person-trips in were taken for pleasure purposes. The share of pleasure travel in the Atlanta Metro (60%), Georgia's Coast (60%) and Historic South (63%) regions was similar to that in the state overall (63%). A somewhat higher share of pleasure travel was seen in the Georgia's Mountains (73%) and Southern Rivers (70%) regions.

The share of business travel (trips taken for seminar/conventions, business and combined business/pleasure purposes) varied by region. The largest share of destination/ overnight business travel was seen in the Atlanta Metro region (29%). Over one in five destination/overnight person-trips were for business purposes in the Georgia's Coast (24%), Historic South (21%) and Southern Rivers (20%) regions. Just 11 percent of destination/overnight visitors to Georgia's Mountains were traveling for business purposes.

Table 1.7: Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS by Purpose of Trip - 2002

Atlanta Georgia's Georgia's Historic Southern Category Georgia Metro Coast Mountains South Rivers Total dest./overnight 30.2 15.5 4.5 3.5 3.9 3.2 person-trips (in millions)

Pleasure 63% 60% 60% 73% 63% 70%

Business 23% 29% 24% 11% 21% 20%

Other 14% 11% 16% 16% 16% 10%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

19 Visitation by Purpose and Mode

Pleasure travel tended to be heavier in the last half of the year in Georgia, except in the Atlanta Metro and Georgia's Coast regions. Pleasure travel in the Atlanta Metro region is fairly evenly distributed among quarters two through four. Pleasure travel to Georgia's Coast, on the other hand, is most likely to occur during quarters two and three.

Business travel in the state was fairly evenly distributed across all four quarters. The lowest share of business travel volume was seen in quarter four (23%) and the highest in quarter three (27%). Regional patterns of business travel were similar in the Atlanta Metro region but differed greatly among the other regions. The share of business travel was particularly high in quarter three in the Georgia's Coast (40%) and Georgia's Mountains (41%) regions. Business travel to the Historic South was highest in quarter two (30%) and quarter four (29%). Business travel to the Southern Rivers region was strongest in quarter one (30%) and quarter three (39%).

Table 1.7b: Share of Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS by Purpose of Trip by quarter- 2002

Category Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

PLEASURE Total Georgia 19,160 18% 26% 29% 27% Atlanta Metro 9,224 18% 25% 29% 27% Georgia's Coast 2,709 14% 35% 29% 21% Georgia's Mountains 2,599 17% 21% 39% 22% Historic South 2,495 20% 20% 22% 38% Southern Rivers 2,214 17% 24% 30% 29%

BUSINESS Total Georgia 6,956 26% 25% 27% 23% Atlanta Metro 4,465 26% 24% 25% 25% Georgia's Coast 1,086 26% 24% 40% 10% Georgia's Mountains 387 11% 23% 41% 24% Historic South 838 22% 30% 19% 29% Southern Rivers 616 30% 23% 29% 18%

OTHER Total Georgia 4,128 29% 29% 21% 22% Atlanta Metro 1,874 27% 31% 18% 24% Georgia's Coast 750 22% 22% 41% 15% Georgia's Mountains 560 11% 30% 37% 22% Historic South 630 12% 26% 34% 28% Southern Rivers 328 32% 26% 21% 21%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

20 Visitation by Purpose and Mode

Primary Mode of Transportation

Georgia destination/overnight visitors traveled primarily by auto (81%), more so than overall U.S. travelers (77%). Fifteen percent of destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia involved air as the primary mode of transportation. Four percent of destination/overnight person-trips in the state involved other forms of transportation (including bus and rail).

Table 1.8: Travel Volume in GEORGIA by Mode of Transportation - 2002

Category Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Destination/overnight person-trips in Georgia (in thousands) 30,244 6,067 7,580 8,679 7,918

Auto* 81% 80% 81% 80% 81%

Air 15% 18% 15% 13% 14%

Other 4% 2% 4% 7% 5%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

* Includes personal auto or truck, RV or rental car.

21 Visitation by Purpose and Mode

The majority of destination/overnight person-trips were by auto in all regions. The highest share of auto travel was seen in Georgia's Mountains (91%). Not surprisingly, the lowest share of auto travel was seen in the Atlanta Metro region (70%) where public transportation is more prevalent. Eighty-eight percent of destination/overnight person-trips in both the Historic South and Southern Rivers regions involved auto travel. Eighty-two percent of destination/overnight visitors to Georgia's Coast traveled by car.

Air travel was most prevalent in the Atlanta Metro region (26%). This was much higher than the national average (16%). Air travel to other regions was much lower. Just 10 percent of destination/overnight person-trips to Georgia's Coast involved air travel. Three percent of Georgia's Mountains' visitors and seven percent each of the Historic South and the Southern Rivers region's visitors traveled by air.

Table 1.9: Share of Travel Volume in GEORGIA REGIONS by Mode of Transportation - 2002 Total Destination/ Category Overnight Auto* Air Other

Total Georgia 30,244 81% 15% 4% Atlanta Metro 15,502 70% 26% 4% Georgia's Coast 4,546 82% 10% 8% Georgia's Mountains 3,546 91% 3% 6% Historic South 3,936 88% 7% 5% Southern Rivers 3,158 88% 7% 5% All data are based to destination/overnight travel

* Includes personal auto or truck, RV or rental car.

22 Visitation by Purpose and Mode

OVERNIGHT VISITATION BY LODGING TYPE

Eighty-three percent of destination/overnight travelers in Georgia stayed overnight in the state. The average in-state trip duration for overnight visitors was 3.2 nights.

Fifty-eight percent of these overnight visitors use hotels, motels or B&Bs for their overnight accommodations. Nationally, 51 percent of overnight person-trips involved nights spent in a hotel, motel or B&B. Hotel use by overnight visitors in Georgia was highest in quarter three (66%) and lowest in quarter four (49%). Georgia visitors who stayed in a hotel, motel or B&B spent, on average, 2.3 nights in the state. The average length of stay for hotel, motel, B&B visitors does not vary significantly from quarter to quarter.

Over a third (38%) of overnight travelers in Georgia stayed in a private home while in the state, while six percent used other lodging types (such as rental properties, including condos and timeshares). Private home use was highest in quarter four (49%), while other lodging was used most frequently in the second quarter (9%).

Three percent of overnight visitors used RVs or tents for their accommodations. Travelers using RV or tent accommodations spent an average of 4.4 nights in the state. The average trip duration for RV/Tent users was much higher in the first three quarters of the year (averaging closer to five nights per trip) than in the fourth quarter (2.4 nights per trip).

Table 1.10: Overnight Travel in GEORGIA by Accommodation Type - 2002

Category Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 OVERNIGHT person-trips in Georgia (in thousands) 25,189 5,064 6,398 7,176 6,551

Hotel/Motel/B&B 58% 61% 56% 66% 49%

Private Home 38% 34% 36% 33% 49%

RV/Tent 3% 2% 3% 4% 3%

Other Lodging 6% 6% 9% 5% 6%

Avg. Hotel. Motel. B&B trip duration in-state 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.2

Avg. RV/Tent trip duration in-state 4.4 5.0 5.6 4.8 2.4 All data are based to overnight travel

23 Visitation by Purpose and Mode

A higher than average share of overnight visitors in the Georgia's Coast (72%) and Southern Rivers (67%) regions used hotel/motel/B&B lodging. The share of hotel/motel/B&B person- trips in the Atlanta Metro region (59%) is on par with the proportion of hotel/motel/B&B users in the state (58%). Similar shares of overnight visitors used hotel/motel/B&B (41%) and private home (45%) accommodations in the Georgia's Mountains region. A much higher share of overnight visitors (58%) used private home accommodations in the Historic South region. A high share of other lodging use was seen in the Georgia's Mountains (12%) and Historic South regions (10%). In Georgia's Mountains, this was driven largely by RV/Tent use.

Table 1.11: Overnight Travel in GEORGIA REGIONS by Accommodation Type - 2002 Total Hotel/ Destination/ Motel Private RV/ Category Overnight /B&B Home Tent Other Total Georgia 30,244 58% 38% 3% 6% Atlanta Metro 15,502 59% 41% 1% 4% Georgia's Coast 4,546 72% 25% 2% 5% Georgia's Mountains 3,546 41% 45% 6% 12% Historic South 3,936 34% 58% 1% 10% Southern Rivers 3,158 67% 35% 4% 7% All data are based to overnight travel

24 Visitation by Purpose and Mode

Table 1.12: Trip Characteristics of Travelers in GEORGIA - 2002

U.S. Atlanta Georgia's Georgia's Historic Southern Category Domestic Georgia Metro Coast Mountains South Rivers Total dest./overnight 1,021.3 30.2 15.5 4.5 3.5 3.9 3.2 person-trips (in millions)

Overnight 15% 83% 90% 86% 68% 77% 79% Day-Trip 85% 17% 10% 14% 32% 23% 21%

In-state 48% 27% 13% 34% 49% 55% 41% Out-of-state 52% 73% 87% 66% 51% 45% 59%

Purpose of Trip Pleasure 68% 63% 60% 60% 73% 63% 70% Business 18% 23% 29% 24% 11% 21% 20% Other 14% 14% 11% 16% 16% 16% 10%

Mode of Transportation Auto 78% 81% 70% 82% 91% 88% 88% Air 16% 15% 26% 10% 3% 7% 7% Other 6% 4% 4% 8% 6% 5% 5%

Lodging Type

(overnight person-trips) Hotel/Motel/B&B 51% 58% 59% 72% 41% 34% 67% Private Home 40% 38% 41% 25% 45% 58% 35% RV/Tent 7% 3% 1% 2% 6% 1% 4% Other Lodging 13% 6% 4% 5% 12% 10% 7%

All data are based to destination/overnight travel unless otherwise noted

25 Demographic Profile of Georgia Travelers

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF GEORGIA TRAVELERS

Demographic information is based on the head of the traveling household. (Note: Someone other than the head of household may have also been in the travel party.)

Demographic Profile of Destination/Overnight visitors in Georgia: • The average Georgia visitor was 48 years old. Forty-two percent of destination/overnight visitors were between 35 and 54 years of age. • Fifty-six percent of Georgia destination/overnight visitors come from households with two or three members. • There were no children under 18 in 68 percent of Georgia visitor households. • One-third (32%) of households visiting Georgia have incomes of $75,000 or more. The mean income was $66,000. When compared to all domestic U.S. travelers, Georgia visitors were slightly more likely to not have children at home (68% GA vs 65% U.S.) and slightly more likely to have average annual household incomes of less than $50,000 (46% GA vs 43% U.S.).

Demographic Profile of Destination/Overnight visitors by region

• Georgia's Coast (average age 50) and Georgia's Mountains (average age 51) regions attracted slightly older visitors than the state overall (average age 48). Visitors to the Southern River region were of similar ages (average age 48). Younger visitors were attracted to the Atlanta Metro (average age 46) and Historic South (average age 44) regions.

• Households that include children were most likely to travel to the Atlanta Metro region (34%), followed by Georgia's Coast (33%). The lowest share of households with children traveled to Georgia's Mountains (28%). Thirty percent of households visiting the Historic South and Southern Rivers regions included children under 18 in the household. (Children living in the household may not have been included in the travel party.)

• Households visiting the Atlanta Metro region had higher average annual household incomes than the average household visiting Georgia ($75,200 Atlanta Metro vs. $66,000 Georgia). The average annual household income of visitors to Georgia's Coast was similar to the state average ($65,000). Households with somewhat lower average annual incomes visited Georgia's Mountains ($61,100), the Historic South ($59,100) and the Southern Rivers ($54,200) regions.

26 Demographic Profile of Georgia Travelers

Table 1.13: Demographic Characteristics of Travelers in GEORGIA - 2002

U.S. Atlanta Georgia's Georgia's Historic Southern Category Domestic Georgia Metro Coast Mntains South Rivers

Age of HH Head 18-34 26% 25% 29% 22% 19% 33% 30% 35-54 43% 42% 44% 40% 46% 44% 32% 55+ 30% 33% 27% 38% 36% 23% 39% Average Age 47 48 46 50 51 44 48

Household Size One person 21% 22% 24% 17% 23% 21% 26% Two-three persons 53% 56% 52% 63% 58% 59% 54% Four or more persons 26% 22% 24% 20% 19% 20% 20%

Presence of Children None 65% 68% 66% 67% 72% 70% 70% One 16% 14% 12% 14% 12% 16% 15% Two 13% 14% 17% 11% 13% 9% 12% Three or more 6% 5% 5% 8% 3% 5% 3%

Annual HH Income Less than $50,000 43% 46% 40% 42% 46% 48% 57% $50,000-$74,999 22% 22% 22% 26% 29% 19% 20% $75,000 or more 35% 32% 38% 32% 25% 33% 23% Mean $ 68,200 $ 66,000 $75,200 $65,000 $61,100 $59,100 $54,200

All data are based to destination/overnight travel

27 Section 2: Economic Impact of Travel on the state of Georgia - 2002

SECTION 2

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TRAVEL ON GEORGIA - 2002

28 Dmestic Travel Expenditures

DOMESTIC TRAVEL EXPENDITURES

Travel expenditures are assumed to take place whenever a traveler exchanges money for an activity considered part of his/her trip. Travel expenditures can be separated into 16 categories representing traveler purchases of goods and services at the retail level. One category, travel agents, receives no travel expenditures as these purchases are allocated to the category (i.e. air transportation) actually providing the final good or service to the traveler. Travel expenditures are allocated among states by simulating where the exchange of money for goods or services actually took place. By their nature, some travel expenditures are assumed to occur at the traveler's origin, some at his/her destination, and some en route. With the exception of expenses for air, interstate rail and bus transportation, other travelers’ expenditures estimated in this study represent only spending that occurred in Georgia.

Direct and Total Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia – 2002

Domestic travelers in Georgia directly spent $13.9 billion during 2002 on transportation, lodging, food, entertainment and recreation, and incidentals. In addition to direct spending on travel, travelers produced more than $10 billion in indirect and induced expenditures. Total travel expenditures reached $23.9 billion in 2002.

The output multiplier, a ratio of total expenditures to the initial travel spending, is 1.72. This indicates that one travel dollar generated an additional 72 cents in secondary sales, for a total impact of $1.72.

Indirect impact occurs as travel industry business operators, such as restaurateurs, purchase goods, such as food and beverages, and services, such as electricity and building maintenance, from local suppliers. These purchases indirectly generate additional output or sales. Induced impact occurs when employees of businesses and their suppliers spend part of their earnings in an area. This spending generates sales in addition to the indirect impact.

Table 2.1 summarizes the direct, indirect and induced, and total domestic travel expenditures in Georgia’s travel regions during 2002.

Table 2.1: Direct and Total Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia – 2002

Indirect & Direct Induced Total Spending Spending Spending

Domestic Traveler Spending ($ Millions) $13,872.7 $10,024.8 $23,890.8

29 Direct Domestic Travel Expenditures by Category

Direct Domestic Travel Expenditures by Category

For purposes of this study, direct domestic travel expenditures are grouped into six categories – public transportation, auto transportation, lodging, foodservices, entertainment/recreation and general retail trade. Total travel expenditures registered nearly $13.9 billion, down 1.6 percent from 2001.

Foodservice was the largest expenditure category for travelers during 2002, totaling more than $4.2 billion, 30.6 percent of total domestic travel expenditures in Georgia. Spending in this sector grew 0.8 percent over 2001.

Public transportation ranked second in domestic travel expenditures during 2002 with more than $3.2 billion, 23.2 percent of the state total. However, the public transportation sector showed the largest decline among the six major industry categories in 2002, down 5.8 percent. This decline was mainly due to the severe drop in air travel and business travel since the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

Domestic visitor spending on lodging declined 1.2 percent from 2001 to nearly $2.3 billion. Hotel room demand in Georgia was still weak in 2002, although it stayed unchanged from 2001. Spending on lodging accounted for 16.2 percent of the state’s total domestic expenditures.

Auto travel was more favored by travelers to Georgia in 2002. In spite of a large drop in gasoline prices, travelers spending related to auto travel decreased only 1.4 percent in 2002.

The general retail trade sector received $1.4 billion from domestic travelers in 2002, 10.4 percent of the state total. Aided by more total pleasure travelers in Georgia in 2002, spending on entertainment and recreation activities and services had a positive 0.4 percent increase from 2001.

Domestic Travel Spending in Georgia by Category, 2002

General Retail Public Trade Transportation Entertainment 10.4% 23.2% & Recreation 7.5% Auto Foodservice Transportation 30.6% Lodging 12.0% 16.2%

30 Direct Domestic Travel Expenditures by Category

Table 2.2: Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia by Category, 2002

2002 Expenditures Total % of Total ($ Millions)

Public Transportation $3,225.3 23.2% Auto Transportation 1,668.3 12.0% Lodging 2,250.7 16.2% Foodservice 4,248.6 30.6% Entertainment & Recreation 1,043.9 7.5% General Retail Trade 1,436.0 10.4%

Total $13,872.7 100.0%

2001 Expenditures

Public Transportation $3,422.5 24.3% Auto Transportation 1,691.3 12.0% Lodging 2,277.8 16.2% Foodservice 4,215.2 29.9% Entertainment & Recreation 1,039.6 7.4% General Retail Trade 1,448.1 10.3%

Total $14,094.6 100.0%

Percentage Change 2002 over 2001

Public Transportation -5.8% Auto Transportation -1.4% Lodging -1.2% Foodservice 0.8% Entertainment & Recreation 0.4% General Retail Trade -0.8%

Total -1.6%

Source: TIA Notes: 1. Public transportation sector comprises air, intercity bus, rail, boat or ship, and taxicab or limousine service. 2. Auto transportation sector includes privately owned cars that are used for trips (i.e.: automobiles, trucks, campers or other recreational vehicles), gasoline service stations, and automotive rental. 3. Lodging sector consists of hotels and motels, campgrounds, and ownership or rental of vacation or second homes. 4. Foodservice sector includes restaurants, grocery stores and other eating and drinking establishments. 5. Entertainment and recreation sector includes such items as golf, skiing and gaming. 6. General retail trade sector includes gifts, clothes, souvenirs and other incidental retail purchases.

31 Direct Domestic Travel Expenditures by Traveler Type

Direct Domestic Travel Expenditures by Traveler Type

The analysis of travel expenditures by traveler type will focus on spending occurring within the state. Thus, spending on air transportation, interstate rail and bus are excluded from total expenditures. Direct travel spending within Georgia by U.S. travelers, excluding these categories, totaled $10.8 billion in 2002. Of this total, non-Georgia residents (out-of-state travelers) spent nearly $9.0 billion in Georgia, while Georgia residents (in-state travelers) spent almost $1.9 billion in 2002.

Related to travel volumes being highest in July, more expenditures occurred in Q3 2002. The first quarter of 2002 was the slowest travel season in Georgia.

Table 2.3: Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia by Quarter, 2002 ($ Millions) (Excludes Spending on Air, Rail and Bus Transportation)

Impact Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Travel Expenditures $10,847.3 $2,132.4 $2,787.0 $3,117.6 $2,810.4 In-State Travelers' Expenditures $1,864.6 $379.8 $430.8 $588.3 $465.7 Out-of-State Travelers' Expenditures $8,982.7 $1,752.6 $2,356.2 $2,529.3 $2,344.7

The following table provides detailed estimates of direct expenditures occurring in the state and the average levels for overnight travelers vs. day-trippers, in-state travelers vs. out-of-state travelers, as well as pleasure travelers vs. business travelers.

Table 2.4: Domestic Travel Expenditures in Georgia by Traveler Type, 2002 (Excludes Spending on Air, Rail and Bus Transportation)

Percent of Total Per Person/Night Total Expenditures Expenditures Average Spending ($ Millions) (%) ($) Total $10,847.3 100.0% $82.28

Overnight Travelers $9,991.1 92.1% $108.81 Day-Trippers $856.2 7.9% $51.92

In-state Travelers $1,864.6 17.2% $70.46 Out-of-state Travelers $8,982.7 82.8% $84.99

Pleasure $5,465.9 50.4% $66.00 Business $4,328.1 39.9% $144.07 Other $1,053.4 9.7% $65.27

Source: TIA

32 Direct Domestic Travel Expenditures by Traveler Type

Overnight travelers spent almost $10 billion in Georgia in 2002, accounting for 92.1 percent of total direct travel expenditures in Georgia. Average spending per person per night by overnight travelers was $108.81, while day-trippers only spent an average of $51.92 per person. Lodging played a major part in this differential.

Total spending by out-of-state travelers was nearly 5 times total spending by in-state travelers in Georgia during 2002. Trip duration of these travelers tended to be longer than that of in-state travelers. Average spending per person per night by out-of-state travelers was $84.99. Close to the average spending level of out-of-state travelers, in-state travelers spent $70.46 on average.

Pleasure travelers in Georgia spent $5.5 billion in 2002, 50.4 percent of total spending in the state. Compared to business travelers, pleasure travelers spent much less on average, $66.00 per person per night.

Business travelers in Georgia accounted for 23 percent of travel volume. Their spending, however, accounted for almost 40 percent of total expenditures in the state. On average, each business traveler spent $144.07, more than double the level of pleasure travelers. Business travelers are typically less budget-conscious than pleasure travelers, especially in terms of lodging and foodservice choices.

Average Spending Per Person/Night for Domestic Travelers in Georgia by Purpose of Trip, 2002

$144 $180.00 $150.00 $120.00 $66 $65 $90.00 $60.00 $30.00 $0.00 Pleasure Business Other

.

33 Domestic Travel-Generated Employment

DOMESTIC TRAVEL-GENERATED EMPLOYMENT

The most impressive contribution that travel and tourism makes to the Georgia economy is the number of businesses and jobs it supports. Due to the diversity of the travel industry in Georgia, a wide variety of multi-level jobs are supported. These jobs include various executive and managerial positions, as well as a large number of service-oriented occupations.

During 2002, domestic traveler spending in Georgia generated 207.1 thousand jobs, including full-time and seasonal/part-time positions in the state. These jobs generated by Georgia travelers comprised 5.3 percent of the state's total non-farm employment in 2002. On average, every $66,953 spent by domestic travelers in Georgia directly supported one job in 2002. Travel generated employment in the state fell 3.1 percent from 2001.

Related to high seasonal travel volume and expenditures, travel generated employment in Georgia reached its highest levels in Quarters 2 and 3. The highest employment level, however, was reached in the second quarter of 2002. The first quarter of 2002 had the lowest level of travel industry employment in Georgia.

Table 2.5: Domestic Travel-Generated Employment in Georgia by Quarter, 2002 (Thousands)

Impact Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Travel-Generated Employment (Thousands) 207.1 200.7 212.0 210.5 205.7

Travel-Generated Employment by Category

Due to the weak economy and the 2001 terrorist attacks, travel employment dramatically declined in 2002 in the United States. Travel employment in Georgia experienced a sharp drop as well. During 2002, total employment generated by direct travel spending in Georgia declined by 3.1 percent from 2001. Most of the job losses occurred in the hotel, airline and foodservice industries.

The foodservice sector provided more jobs than any other industry sector in Georgia during 2002, generating 80.4 thousand jobs, or 38.8 percent of the state total. The labor-intensiveness of these businesses and the large proportion of travel expenditures spent on foodservice contribute to the importance of this sector. However, employment in this industry declined 2.3 percent in 2002.

The public transportation sector ranked second in travel-generated employment in Georgia with 47 thousand jobs, 22.7 percent of the state total. It remained an important source of the state's travel jobs, in spite of large scale, ongoing airline industry layoffs. The lodging industry provided 33.1 thousand jobs to local residents, 16 percent of the state total. Employment in the lodging industry declined 5.4 percent from 2001.

34 Domestic Travel-Generated Employment

Table 2.6: Domestic Travel-Generated Employment in Georgia by Industry Sector, 2001-2002

2002 Employment Total % of Total (Thousands)

Public Transportation 47.0 22.7% Auto Transportation 5.3 2.5% Lodging 33.1 16.0% Foodservice 80.4 38.8% Entertainment & Recreation 21.9 10.6% General Retail Trade 12.7 6.2% Travel Planning* 6.7 3.3%

Total 207.1 100.0%

2001 Employment

Public Transportation 48.7 22.8% Auto Transportation 5.4 2.5% Lodging 35.0 16.4% Foodservice 82.3 38.5% Entertainment & Recreation 21.9 10.2% General Retail Trade 12.9 6.0% Travel Planning* 7.7 3.6%

Total 213.8 100.0%

Percentage Change 2002 over 2001

Public Transportation -3.6% Auto Transportation -1.5% Lodging -5.4% Foodservice -2.3% Entertainment & Recreation 0.1% General Retail Trade -1.2% Travel Planning* -12.1%

Total -3.1%

Source: TIA Note: * Refers to employment in travel agents, tour operators, and other travel service who arrange passenger transportation, lodging, tours and other related services.

35 Domestic Travel-Generated Payroll

DOMESTIC TRAVEL-GENERATED PAYROLL

Travel-generated payroll is the wage and salary income paid to employees directly serving the traveler within the industry sectors from which travelers purchase goods and services. One dollar of travel spending generates different amounts of payroll income within the various travel industry sectors depending on the labor content and the wage structure of each sector.

Payroll (wages and salaries) paid by Georgia travel-related firms and directly attributable to domestic traveler spending totaled more than $5.8 billion in 2002, down 0.3 percent from 2001.

On average, every dollar spent by travelers produced nearly 42 cents in wage and salary income for Georgia residents.

The highest level of payroll income for the travel industry in Georgia fell in the third quarter, relating to more jobs and longer average work hours and wages in this quarter, especially in July and August.

Table 2.7: Domestic Travel-Generated Payroll in Georgia by Quarter, 2002 ($ Millions)

Impact Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Travel-Generated Payroll $5,840.1 Seasonal Index (%) 100.0% 95.2% 101.7% 102.1% 101.1%

Travel-Generated Payroll by Industry Category

Public transportation in Georgia posted the largest payroll generated by travel spending in 2002 at nearly $2.8 billion, 47.4 percent of the state total. This high proportion of payroll reflects the high wage structure of the air transportation sector within the travel industry. The payroll income in this sector remained virtually unchanged in 2002, although revenues in the airline industry were generally in decline.

Payroll in the foodservice sector ranked second with more than $1.1 billion in 2002, 19.2 percent of the state total.

Due to mass layoffs in the Georgia hotel industry, payroll income declined 2.1 percent in 2002. The situation in auto transportation related industries was even worse, especially with regard to gasoline service stations. Payroll income in auto transportation was off 6.4 percent from 2001.

36 Domestic Travel-Generated Payroll

Table 2.8: Domestic Travel-Generated Payroll in Georgia by Industry Sector, 2001-2002

2002 Payroll Total % of Total ($ Millions)

Public Transportation 2,769.8 47.4% Auto Transportation 114.0 2.0% Lodging 687.1 11.8% Foodservice 1,122.4 19.2% Entertainment & Recreation 609.4 10.4% General Retail Trade 259.1 4.4% Travel Planning* 278.3 4.8%

Total $5,840.1 100.0%

2001 Payroll

Public Transportation 2,767.0 47.2% Auto Transportation 121.7 2.1% Lodging 701.9 12.0% Foodservice 1,117.2 19.1% Entertainment & Recreation 587.3 10.0% General Retail Trade 254.1 4.3% Travel Planning* 307.0 5.2%

Total $5,856.3 100.0%

Percentage Change 2002 over 2001

Public Transportation 0.1% Auto Transportation -6.4% Lodging -2.1% Foodservice 0.5% Entertainment & Recreation 3.8% General Retail Trade 1.9% Travel Planning* -9.4%

Total -0.3%

Source: TIA Note: * Refers to payroll income that goes to travel agents, tour operators, and other travel service employees who arrange passenger transportation, lodging, tours and other related services.

37 Domestic Travel-Generated Tax Revenue

DOMESTIC TRAVEL-GENERATED TAX REVENUE

Travel tax receipts are tax revenues attributable to travel spending in Georgia. Travel-generated tax revenue is a significant economic benefit, as governments use these funds to support the travel infrastructure as well as a variety of public programs.

In 2002, total tax revenue, including state and local, generated by domestic travelers in Georgia was more than $1.1 billion, off 0.1 percent from 2001.

Travel-Generated Tax Revenue by Level of Government

Domestic travelers’ spending in Georgia generated $682.9 million in tax revenue in 2002 for the state treasury, up 0.5 percent over 2001. On average, each travel dollar produced 4.9 cents in state tax receipts. The state sales tax was the largest source of state travel-related revenue.

Local governments in Georgia also directly benefited from travel. During 2002, direct travel spending generated $419 million in sales and property tax revenue for local governments, down by 1.0 percent from 2001. Each domestic travel dollar produced 3 cents for local tax coffers.

Table 2.9: Domestic Travel Generated Tax Revenue in Georgia by Level of Government, 2001-2002

2002 Tax Revenue Total Percent of Total ($ Millions) (%)

State $682.9 62.0% Local 419.1 38.0%

Total $1,102.0 100.0%

2001 Tax Revenue State $679.5 61.6% Local 423.5 38.4%

Total $1,103.0 100.0%

Percentage Change 2002 over 2001 State 0.5% Local -1.0%

Total -0.1%

Source: TIA

38 Domestic Travel-Generated Tax Revenue

Travel-Generated State Tax Revenues by Category

Travel spending in Georgia generated a total of $682.9 million for the state government. Of this total, state sales tax totaled $331.6 million, accounting for 48.6 percent of the state total. Personal income tax revenues generated from travel industry employees reached $307.2 million in 2002, or a 45 percent of total travel-generated tax revenues for the state.

Table 2.10: Domestic Travel-Generated State Tax Revenue in Georgia by Quarter, 2002 ($ Millions)

Impact Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Travel-Generated State Tax Revenues $682.9 $150.3 $173.9 $185.5 $173.3 State Sales Tax $331.6 $65.2 $85.2 $95.3 $85.9 State Corporate Income Tax $14.7 $3.6 $4.1 $3.4 $3.6 State Personal Income Tax $307.2 $74.4 $78.6 $78.0 $76.2 Gasoline Tax $28.6 $6.9 $5.8 $8.6 $7.3 Other Tax $0.9 $0.2 $0.3 $0.2 $0.2

39 Lodging Profile

LODGING PROFILE: GEORGIA, 2002

The 2002 Georgia hotel/motel sector appears to have had some difficulty rebounding from 2001. Its performance in 2002 was, as a result, relatively weak. Compared to 2001, the average room rate was down 0.9 percent and average occupancy was off by 1.9 percent. The average length of hotel/motel stays (domestic visitors) also shrank, from 2.5 nights in 2001 to 2.3 nights in 2002.

Campgrounds, in contrast to the hotel/motel sector, performed reasonably well in 2002. The average campground occupancy rate edged up from 33.7 percent in 2001 to 34.9 percent in 2002. Additionally, the average rental rate paid for cottages, campsites and lodge accommodations increased in 2002—weekend rates rose, respectively, 5.9, 20.0 and 11.1 percent.

The average RV/Tent length of stay also grew, expanding from 2.9 nights in 2001 to 4.4 in 2002.

Lodging data for Georgia in 2002 arguably reflect a shift in travelers’ preferences to accommodations more closely associated with non-urbanized areas as well as the outdoor recreation experience.

Table 2.11: Lodging Profile

Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Hotel/Motel Hotel ADR $69.59 $70.38 $71.47 $68.08 $67.71 Average Hotel Occupancy Rate (%) 56.7 57.0 60.3 57.6 51.9 Total Room Nights Available (Millions) 58.2 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 Total Room Nights Occupied (Millions) 33.0 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.6 Average Hotel/Motel/B&B Party Size (Persons)* 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.1 1.8 Average Hotel/Motel/B&B Length of Stay (Nights)** 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.2

Campground Campground Rental Rate (Average Daily)*** $14.43 na na na na Average Campground Occupancy Rate (%)**** 34.9 22.6 44.1 38.5 29.4 Total Site Nights Available (000) 1,094.6 279.9 283.0 286.1 286.1 Total Site Nights Occupied (000) 382.2 63.3 124.9 110.0 84.0 Average RV/Tent Party Size (Persons)* 1.9 1.6 1.8 2.2 1.9 Average RV/Tent Length of Stay (Nights)** 4.4 5.0 5.6 4.8 2.4

Sources: Smith Travel Research, TravelScope, and GDITT. Note: Occupancy rate, room/site nights available and room/site nights occupied include both domestic and international travelers. Party size and length of stay estimates for hotel and RV/tent reflect domestic travelers only. *Based on household-trips.** Based on person-trips. ***Campsites only. Average rate for cottages was $75.71, $82.14 for lodge rooms. No quarterly data available. ****Includes camping, cottage and lodge accommodations.

40 Region Profile

REGION PROFILE

The following tables show the economic impact on Georgia's 5 travel regions and counties, as well as quarterly regional lodging profile.

41 Economic Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia by Region and Industry - 2002

Table 3.1: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia by Region and Industry - 2002

Atlanta Georgia Georgia Southern Historic Travel Expenditures ($ Millions) Statewide Metro Mountains Coast Rivers South

Public Transportation $3,225.3 $2,937.1 $8.3 $218.4 $25.8 $35.6 Auto Transportation 1,668.3 780.8 250.7 124.9 207.5 304.3 Lodging 2,250.7 1,293.0 223.7 315.4 166.5 252.1 Foodservice 4,248.6 2,167.1 579.7 357.7 441.8 702.3 Entertainment & Recreation 1,043.9 547.0 139.8 113.7 99.3 144.1 General Retail Trade 1,436.0 758.9 188.4 99.1 154.0 235.6

Total $13,872.7 $8,483.9 $1,390.6 $1,229.4 $1,094.8 $1,674.1

Travel-Generated Payroll ($ Millions)

Public Transportation $2,769.8 $2,684.5 $0.5 $63.6 $3.1 $18.2 Auto Transportation 114.0 53.3 17.1 8.5 14.2 20.8 Lodging 687.1 394.7 68.3 96.3 50.8 77.0 Foodservice 1,122.4 572.5 153.1 94.5 116.7 185.5 Entertainment & Recreation 609.4 319.3 81.6 66.4 58.0 84.1 General Retail Trade 259.1 136.9 34.0 17.9 27.8 42.5 Travel Planning 278.3 263.0 2.8 5.0 3.1 4.4

Total $5,840.1 $4,424.3 $357.4 $352.2 $273.6 $432.5

Travel-Generated Employment (Thousands)

Public Transportation 47.0 45.5 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.3 Auto Transportation 5.3 2.5 0.8 0.4 0.7 1.0 Lodging 33.1 19.0 3.3 4.6 2.4 3.7 Foodservice 80.4 41.0 11.0 6.8 8.4 13.3 Entertainment & Recreation 21.9 11.5 2.9 2.4 2.1 3.0 General Retail Trade 12.7 6.7 1.7 0.9 1.4 2.1 Travel Planning 6.7 6.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Total 207.1 132.6 19.7 16.3 15.0 23.5

Tax Revenue Generated ($ Millions)

State $682.9 $459.5 $57.3 $52.4 $44.7 $69.0 Local 419.1 256.3 42.0 37.1 33.1 50.6

Total $1,102.0 $715.8 $99.3 $89.5 $77.8 $119.6

Source: TIA

42 Georgia Domestic Travel Expenditure by Traveler Characteristics - 2002

Table 3.2: Georgia Domestic Travel Expenditure by Traveler Characteristics, 2002

Atlanta Georgia Georgia Southern Historic Expenditures ($ Millions)* Statewide Metro Mountains Coast Rivers South

Total $10,847.3 $5,657.9 $1,390.6 $1,055.2 $1,089.5 $1,654.2

Overnight Travelers $9,991.1 $5,401.6 $1,160.5 $984.3 $978.7 $1,466.0 Day-Trippers $856.2 $256.3 $230.1 $70.8 $110.9 $188.2

In-state Travelers $1,864.6 $366.6 $434.4 $202.5 $247.6 $613.4 Out-of-state Travelers $8,982.7 $5,291.3 $956.1 $852.7 $841.9 $1,040.7

Business $4,328.1 $2,633.5 $288.2 $426.0 $371.7 $608.6 Pleasure $5,465.9 $2,569.4 $912.0 $501.4 $629.7 $853.4 Other $1,053.4 $455.0 $190.3 $127.8 $88.1 $192.1

PERCENTAGES

Overnight Travelers 92.1% 95.5% 83.5% 93.3% 89.8% 88.6% Day-Trippers 7.9% 4.5% 16.5% 6.7% 10.2% 11.4%

In-state Travelers 17.2% 6.5% 31.2% 19.2% 22.7% 37.1% Out-of-state Travelers 82.8% 93.5% 68.8% 80.8% 77.3% 62.9%

Business 39.9% 46.5% 20.7% 40.4% 34.1% 36.8% Pleasure 50.4% 45.4% 65.6% 47.5% 57.8% 51.6% Other 9.7% 8.0% 13.7% 12.1% 8.1% 11.6%

*Excludes Spending on Air, Rail, Bus and Cruise Transportation

Source: TIA

43 Economic Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia by Quarter and Region - 2002

Table 3.3: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia by Quarter and Region - 2002

Impact Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Travel Expenditures ($ Millions)* $10,847.3 $2,132.4 $2,787.0 $3,117.6 $2,810.4 Atlanta Metro 5,656.9 1,166.7 1,457.8 1,526.8 1,505.5 GA Mountains 1,391.5 254.7 348.1 484.8 303.9 GA Coast 1,059.4 174.3 334.9 363.7 186.5 Southern Rivers 1,087.5 220.3 244.2 362.7 260.3 Historic South 1,652.0 316.3 402.0 379.6 554.2 *Excludes Spending on Air, Rail, Bus and Cruise Transportation

Travel-Generated State Tax Receipts ($ Millions) $682.9 $150.3 $173.9 $185.5 $173.3 Atlanta Metro 459.5 104.5 116.8 119.2 119.0 GA Mountains 57.3 11.6 14.2 19.3 12.2 GA Coast 52.4 9.6 16.4 17.4 9.0 Southern Rivers 44.7 10.0 9.9 14.4 10.4 Historic South 69.0 14.6 16.6 15.3 22.6

Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Travel-Generated Payroll (Seasonal Index) $5,840.1 95.2% 101.7% 102.1% 101.1% Atlanta Metro $4,424.3 96.9% 101.3% 101.0% 100.8% GA Mountains $357.4 89.5% 99.8% 120.2% 90.5% GA Coast $352.2 80.8% 126.8% 119.1% 73.4% Southern Rivers $273.6 98.3% 88.9% 114.2% 98.5% Historic South $432.5 91.5% 94.9% 95.0% 118.5%

Travel-Generated Employment (Seasonal Index) $207.1 96.9% 102.3% 101.6% 99.3% Atlanta Metro $132.6 99.4% 101.4% 101.0% 100.6% GA Mountains $19.7 91.8% 105.4% 106.9% 90.3% GA Coast $16.3 82.9% 127.8% 111.3% 73.2% Southern Rivers $15.0 100.9% 89.6% 104.4% 98.3% Historic South $23.5 93.9% 95.7% 92.4% 118.3%

Source: TIA

44 Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County - 2002

Table 3.4: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County - 2002

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax Region/County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions) ATLANTA METRO Clayton $800.27 $1,588.95 29.50 $100.87 $24.18 Cobb 968.07 353.08 16.08 44.98 29.25 Coweta 83.89 24.93 1.30 3.62 2.53 De Kalb 752.54 219.07 11.11 32.24 22.74 Douglas 118.95 28.36 1.64 4.79 3.59 Fayette 109.29 88.64 2.73 7.47 3.30 Fulton 4,786.56 1,875.87 57.12 228.78 144.61 Gwinnett 739.25 211.69 11.29 31.50 22.33 Henry 124.63 35.55 1.89 5.30 3.77 Atlanta Metro Total $8,483.9 $4,424.3 132.6 $459.5 $256.3

GEORGIA MOUNTAINS Banks $9.68 $2.82 0.15 $0.41 $0.29 Barrow 29.50 6.23 0.39 1.15 0.89 Bartow 92.55 25.53 1.34 3.90 2.80 Carroll 77.85 18.63 1.05 3.14 2.35 Catoosa 48.29 12.33 0.65 1.98 1.46 Chattooga 11.93 2.54 0.16 0.47 0.36 Cherokee 131.79 38.06 2.10 5.63 3.98 Dade 12.04 2.51 0.15 0.47 0.36 Dawson 24.29 7.48 0.39 1.06 0.73 Elbert 13.28 2.94 0.18 0.52 0.40 Fannin 20.64 5.55 0.30 0.86 0.62 Floyd 82.90 19.45 1.13 3.32 2.50 Forsyth 86.58 26.46 1.36 3.77 2.62 Franklin 21.25 3.95 0.25 0.80 0.64 Gilmer 19.47 3.78 0.23 0.74 0.59 Gordon 35.16 8.05 0.49 1.40 1.06 Habersham 30.96 7.74 0.45 1.26 0.94 Hall 175.06 45.35 2.41 7.23 5.29 Haralson 12.57 2.03 0.13 0.46 0.38 Hart 14.67 4.40 0.23 0.63 0.44 Jackson 34.68 7.05 0.44 1.34 1.05 Lumpkin 23.18 5.57 0.30 0.94 0.70 Madison 6.76 1.48 0.09 0.27 0.20 Murray 17.24 3.84 0.24 0.68 0.52 Paulding 44.34 9.93 0.59 1.75 1.34 Pickens 15.77 3.02 0.19 0.60 0.48 Polk 27.72 7.27 0.43 1.15 0.84 Rabun 30.46 8.69 0.44 1.30 0.92 Stephens 20.26 4.70 0.28 0.81 0.61 Towns 24.56 7.42 0.38 1.07 0.74 Union 13.62 3.35 0.20 0.55 0.41 Walker 39.59 12.35 0.59 1.74 1.20 White 38.15 10.05 0.53 1.58 1.15 Whitfield 103.70 26.84 1.49 4.28 3.13 GA Mountains Total $1,390.6 $357.4 19.7 $57.3 $42.0

45 Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County - 2002

Table 3.4: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County, 2002 (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax Region/County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions) SOUTHERN RIVERS Baker $0.83 $0.06 0.00 $0.03 $0.03 Berrien 7.73 1.69 0.11 0.30 0.23 Brooks 6.40 1.47 0.08 0.25 0.19 Calhoun 1.97 0.50 0.03 0.08 0.06 Chattahoochee 8.89 2.27 0.15 0.37 0.27 Clay 1.30 0.19 0.01 0.05 0.04 Colquitt 34.88 7.80 0.42 1.38 1.05 Cook 18.84 5.22 0.30 0.79 0.57 Crisp 27.76 6.22 0.36 1.10 0.84 Decatur 22.51 5.33 0.31 0.90 0.68 Dooly 6.83 1.49 0.08 0.27 0.21 Dougherty 125.48 32.09 1.78 5.16 3.79 Early 7.73 1.85 0.11 0.31 0.23 Echols 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 Grady 15.10 3.11 0.18 0.58 0.46 Harris 25.54 11.17 0.48 1.28 0.77 Heard 2.70 0.63 0.03 0.11 0.08 Lanier 2.88 0.65 0.04 0.11 0.09 Lee 7.32 1.75 0.10 0.29 0.22 Lowndes 146.07 42.13 2.13 6.24 4.41 Macon 4.34 0.93 0.06 0.17 0.13 Marion 4.46 1.19 0.07 0.19 0.13 Meriwether 10.18 1.96 0.13 0.39 0.31 Miller 4.61 1.10 0.06 0.19 0.14 Mitchell 40.34 7.39 0.36 1.51 1.22 Muscogee 228.72 58.45 3.29 9.40 6.91 Pike 4.24 1.62 0.07 0.20 0.13 Quitman 0.91 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03 Randolph 3.22 0.83 0.05 0.13 0.10 Schley 1.62 0.29 0.02 0.06 0.05 Seminole 5.15 1.17 0.08 0.20 0.16 Spalding 52.45 12.40 0.76 2.11 1.58 Stewart 2.05 0.41 0.03 0.08 0.06 Sumter 26.09 7.00 0.37 1.09 0.79 Talbot 0.86 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03 Taylor 3.85 0.75 0.05 0.15 0.12 Terrell 5.39 1.20 0.07 0.21 0.16 Thomas 43.69 10.27 0.59 1.75 1.32 Tift 54.78 13.38 0.76 2.22 1.65 Troup 94.28 20.42 1.07 3.69 2.85 Turner 6.77 1.38 0.08 0.26 0.20 Upson 15.72 3.32 0.20 0.61 0.47 Webster 0.45 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 Worth 9.63 2.17 0.13 0.38 0.29 Southern Rivers Total $1,094.8 $273.6 15.0 $44.7 $33.1

46 Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County - 2002

Table 3.4: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County - 2002 (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax Region/County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions) GEORGIA COAST Brantley $4.96 $0.82 0.05 $0.18 $0.15 Bryan 24.31 6.03 0.32 0.99 0.73 Camden 54.97 13.10 0.73 2.21 1.66 Charlton 6.84 1.61 0.09 0.27 0.21 Chatham 747.80 229.47 10.01 32.62 22.59 Clinch 3.93 0.76 0.05 0.15 0.12 Effingham 15.95 3.44 0.20 0.62 0.48 Glynn 239.37 72.86 3.52 10.41 7.23 Liberty 66.16 10.50 0.53 2.40 2.00 McIntosh 10.21 2.59 0.14 0.42 0.31 Pierce 8.42 2.34 0.12 0.36 0.25 Ware 46.41 8.71 0.50 1.75 1.40 GA Coast Total $1,229.4 $352.2 16.3 $52.4 $37.1

HISTORIC SOUTH Appling 10.99 2.32 0.15 0.43 0.33 Atkinson 3.00 0.58 0.04 0.11 0.09 Bacon 5.72 1.34 0.08 0.23 0.17 Baldwin 42.78 10.94 0.60 1.76 1.29 Ben Hill 12.76 2.94 0.18 0.51 0.39 Bibb 209.92 64.27 3.19 9.15 6.34 Bleckley 6.74 1.73 0.09 0.28 0.20 Bulloch 59.82 14.25 0.80 2.41 1.81 Burke 11.15 2.71 0.14 0.45 0.34 Butts 14.34 2.84 0.17 0.55 0.43 Candler 8.49 1.99 0.11 0.34 0.26 Clarke 154.48 38.76 2.22 6.31 4.67 Coffee 43.11 8.77 0.48 1.66 1.30 Columbia 70.61 16.55 0.92 2.83 2.13 Crawford 2.66 0.48 0.03 0.10 0.08 Dodge 12.02 2.73 0.16 0.48 0.36 Emanuel 12.20 2.84 0.17 0.49 0.37 Evans 8.47 1.88 0.11 0.33 0.26 Glascock 0.71 0.11 0.01 0.03 0.02 Greene 35.04 11.25 0.54 1.55 1.06 Hancock 2.61 0.46 0.03 0.10 0.08 Houston 123.69 31.42 1.75 5.07 3.74 Irwin 4.21 1.09 0.06 0.17 0.13 Jasper 4.99 1.64 0.08 0.22 0.15 Jeff Davis 11.60 2.32 0.15 0.45 0.35 Jefferson 10.30 2.04 0.13 0.39 0.31 Jenkins 3.45 0.77 0.05 0.14 0.10 Johnson 2.06 0.40 0.03 0.08 0.06 Jones 7.87 2.82 0.14 0.36 0.24 Lamar 7.81 1.87 0.12 0.31 0.24 Laurens 48.07 11.33 0.67 1.93 1.45

47 Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County - 2002

Table 3.4: Economic Impact of Domestic Travel in Georgia by Region and County - 2002 (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax Region/County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

HISTORIC SOUTH (Continued) Lincoln 4.08 1.16 0.06 0.17 0.12 Long 1.28 0.24 0.02 0.05 0.04 McDuffie 18.82 3.94 0.22 0.73 0.57 Monroe 18.97 5.05 0.27 0.79 0.57 Montgomery 7.49 2.06 0.12 0.32 0.23 Morgan 23.68 5.85 0.32 0.96 0.72 Newton 47.83 12.15 0.71 1.96 1.44 Oconee 19.93 6.20 0.30 0.87 0.60 Oglethorpe 2.84 0.59 0.03 0.11 0.09 Peach 19.88 4.51 0.27 0.79 0.60 Pulaski 6.06 1.63 0.09 0.25 0.18 Putnam 9.04 2.24 0.13 0.37 0.27 Richmond 296.13 82.34 4.07 12.50 8.95 Rockdale 89.83 23.38 1.34 3.71 2.71 Screven 6.26 1.39 0.08 0.25 0.19 Taliaferro 0.34 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 Tattnall 9.92 2.02 0.14 0.38 0.30 Telfair 6.30 1.26 0.08 0.24 0.19 Toombs 25.30 6.12 0.36 1.02 0.76 Treutlen 2.30 0.48 0.03 0.09 0.07 Twiggs 2.76 0.54 0.03 0.11 0.08 Walton 45.95 10.95 0.67 1.85 1.39 Warren 0.89 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03 Washington 18.70 4.61 0.25 0.76 0.56 Wayne 21.19 4.88 0.28 0.84 0.64 Wheeler 1.56 0.28 0.02 0.06 0.05 Wilcox 2.10 0.37 0.02 0.08 0.06 Wilkes 9.89 2.18 0.13 0.39 0.30 Wilkinson 2.94 0.44 0.03 0.11 0.09 Historic South Total $1,674.1 $432.5 23.5 $69.0 $50.6

State Total $13,872.7 $5,840.1 207.1 $682.9 $419.1

48 2002 Georgia Regional Lodging Profile by Quarter - Hotel/Motel

Table 3.5: 2002 Georgia Regional Lodging Profile by Quarter - Hotel/Motel

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Annual

Southern Rivers Average Hotel Occupancy Rate (%) 53.60 59.70 55.40 52.97 55.40 Average Daily Room Rate ($) $51.78 $54.73 $55.40 $56.02 $54.60 RevPar ($) $27.84 $32.70 $30.68 $29.76 $30.24 Room Supply 497,100 503,693 514,915 517,287 6,098,987 Room Demand 265,990 300,530 285,483 273,804 3,377,421 Room Revenue ($ Millions) $13.8 $16.5 $15.8 $15.4 $184.4

Georgia's Coast Average Hotel Occupancy Rate (%) 64.80 72.63 63.13 55.50 64.00 Average Daily Room Rate ($) $67.61 $75.94 $71.98 $67.31 $71.36 RevPar ($) $44.24 $55.21 $45.63 $37.59 $45.67 Room Supply 573,116 584,432 591,353 590,640 7,018,624 Room Demand 371,170 424,408 374,106 327,649 4,491,997 Room Revenue ($ Millions) $25.4 $32.2 $27.0 $22.2 $320.5

Historic South Average Hotel Occupancy Rate (%) 53.73 57.63 54.00 49.60 53.70 Average Daily Room Rate ($) $51.76 $62.72 $56.41 $55.50 $56.87 RevPar ($) $27.89 $36.25 $30.46 $27.66 $30.55 Room Supply 712,488 730,549 739,764 749,093 8,795,686 Room Demand 382,602 420,977 399,956 371,503 4,725,115 Room Revenue ($ Millions) $19.9 $26.4 $22.5 $20.7 $268.7

Georgia's Mountains Average Hotel Occupancy Rate (%) 47.77 54.80 50.83 47.70 50.30 Average Daily Room Rate ($) $56.57 $62.08 $62.90 $62.13 $61.19 RevPar ($) $27.06 $34.02 $31.98 $29.95 $30.77 Room Supply 479,386 486,189 490,647 495,558 5,855,341 Room Demand 228,801 266,429 249,898 236,358 2,944,460 Room Revenue ($ Millions) $13.0 $16.5 $15.7 $14.8 $180.2

Atlanta Metro Average Hotel Occupancy Rate (%) 60.17 60.80 60.37 53.70 58.80 Average Daily Room Rate ($) $86.17 $83.10 $79.11 $80.41 $82.36 RevPar ($) $51.90 $50.53 $47.78 $43.45 $48.40 Room Supply 2,480,428 2,516,290 2,548,009 2,554,860 30,298,761 Room Demand 1,493,073 1,529,536 1,540,430 1,372,088 17,805,383 Room Revenue ($ Millions) $128.9 $127.1 $121.9 $111.0 $1,466.4

Source: Smith Travel Research

49 2002 Georgia Regional Lodging Profile by Quarter - Campground

Table 3.6: 2002 Georgia Regional Lodging Profile by Quarter - Campground

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Annual

Southern Rivers Average Campground Occupancy Rate 29.7% 45.4% 33.7% 34.0% 35.7% Total Site Nights Available 40,680 41,132 41,584 41,584 164,980 Total Site Nights Occupied 12,083 18,677 14,027 14,140 58,927

Georgia's Coast Average Campground Occupancy Rate 43.1% 41.0% 26.7% 32.0% 35.7% Total Site Nights Available 31,140 31,486 31,832 31,832 126,290 Total Site Nights Occupied 13,430 12,909 8,509 10,188 45,036

Historic South Average Campground Occupancy Rate 17.7% 39.2% 29.8% 21.0% 26.9% Total Site Nights Available 82,980 83,902 84,824 84,824 336,530 Total Site Nights Occupied 14,708 32,865 25,313 17,781 90,667

Georgia's Mountains Average Campground Occupancy Rate 18.3% 47.8% 48.6% 32.8% 36.9% Total Site Nights Available 125,100 126,490 127,880 127,880 507,350 Total Site Nights Occupied 22,837 60,403 62,172 41,901 187,313

Atlanta Metro Average Campground Occupancy Rate _ _ _ _ _ Total Site Nights Available _ _ _ _ _ Total Site Nights Occupied _ _ _ _ _

Source: TIA

50 County Tables - 2002

COUNTY TABLES

The following tables list the results of the County Economic Impact Component of the TIA’s Travel Economic Impact Model for Georgia preliminary 2002 estimates by county. The estimates presented are for direct domestic travel expenditures and related economic impact.

Table 4.1 shows the counties listed alphabetically, with 2002 travel expenditures, travel-generated payroll and employment, and state tax revenue and the local tax revenue for each.

Table 4.2 ranks the counties in order of 2002 travel expenditures from highest to lowest.

Table 4.3 shows the percent distribution for each impact measure in 2002.

51 Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Appling $10.99 $2.32 0.15 $0.43 $0.33 Atkinson 3.00 0.58 0.04 0.11 0.09 Bacon 5.72 1.34 0.08 0.23 0.17

Baker 0.83 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.03 Baldwin 42.78 10.94 0.60 1.76 1.29 Banks 9.68 2.82 0.15 0.41 0.29

Barrow 29.50 6.23 0.39 1.15 0.89 Bartow 92.55 25.53 1.34 3.90 2.80 Ben Hill 12.76 2.94 0.18 0.51 0.39

Berrien 7.73 1.69 0.11 0.30 0.23 Bibb 209.92 64.27 3.19 9.15 6.34 Bleckley 6.74 1.73 0.09 0.28 0.20

Brantley 4.96 0.82 0.05 0.18 0.15 Brooks 6.40 1.47 0.08 0.25 0.19 Bryan 24.31 6.03 0.32 0.99 0.73

Bulloch 59.82 14.25 0.80 2.41 1.81 Burke 11.15 2.71 0.14 0.45 0.34 Butts 14.34 2.84 0.17 0.55 0.43

Calhoun 1.97 0.50 0.03 0.08 0.06 Camden 54.97 13.10 0.73 2.21 1.66 Candler 8.49 1.99 0.11 0.34 0.26

Carroll 77.85 18.63 1.05 3.14 2.35 Catoosa 48.29 12.33 0.65 1.98 1.46 Charlton 6.84 1.61 0.09 0.27 0.21

Chatham 747.80 229.47 10.01 32.62 22.59 Chattahoochee 8.89 2.27 0.15 0.37 0.27 Chattooga 11.93 2.54 0.16 0.47 0.36

Cherokee 131.79 38.06 2.10 5.63 3.98 Clarke 154.48 38.76 2.22 6.31 4.67 Clay 1.30 0.19 0.01 0.05 0.04

Clayton 800.27 1588.95 29.50 100.87 24.18 Clinch 3.93 0.76 0.05 0.15 0.12 Cobb 968.07 353.08 16.08 44.98 29.25

52 Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Coffee 43.11 8.77 0.48 1.66 1.30 Colquitt 34.88 7.80 0.42 1.38 1.05 Columbia 70.61 16.55 0.92 2.83 2.13

Cook 18.84 5.22 0.30 0.79 0.57 Coweta 83.89 24.93 1.30 3.62 2.53 Crawford 2.66 0.48 0.03 0.10 0.08

Crisp 27.76 6.22 0.36 1.10 0.84 Dade 12.04 2.51 0.15 0.47 0.36 Dawson 24.29 7.48 0.39 1.06 0.73

Decatur 22.51 5.33 0.31 0.90 0.68 De Kalb 752.54 219.07 11.11 32.24 22.74 Dodge 12.02 2.73 0.16 0.48 0.36

Dooly 6.83 1.49 0.08 0.27 0.21 Dougherty 125.48 32.09 1.78 5.16 3.79 Douglas 118.95 28.36 1.64 4.79 3.59

Early 7.73 1.85 0.11 0.31 0.23 Echols 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 Effingham 15.95 3.44 0.20 0.62 0.48

Elbert 13.28 2.94 0.18 0.52 0.40 Emanuel 12.20 2.84 0.17 0.49 0.37 Evans 8.47 1.88 0.11 0.33 0.26

Fannin 20.64 5.55 0.30 0.86 0.62 Fayette 109.29 88.64 2.73 7.47 3.30 Floyd 82.90 19.45 1.13 3.32 2.50

Forsyth 86.58 26.46 1.36 3.77 2.62 Franklin 21.25 3.95 0.25 0.80 0.64 Fulton 4786.56 1875.87 57.12 228.78 144.61

Gilmer 19.47 3.78 0.23 0.74 0.59 Glascock 0.71 0.11 0.01 0.03 0.02 Glynn 239.37 72.86 3.52 10.41 7.23

Gordon 35.16 8.05 0.49 1.40 1.06 Grady 15.10 3.11 0.18 0.58 0.46 Greene 35.04 11.25 0.54 1.55 1.06

53 Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Gwinnett 739.25 211.69 11.29 31.50 22.33 Habersham 30.96 7.74 0.45 1.26 0.94 Hall 175.06 45.35 2.41 7.23 5.29

Hancock 2.61 0.46 0.03 0.10 0.08 Haralson 12.57 2.03 0.13 0.46 0.38 Harris 25.54 11.17 0.48 1.28 0.77

Hart 14.67 4.40 0.23 0.63 0.44 Heard 2.70 0.63 0.03 0.11 0.08 Henry 124.63 35.55 1.89 5.30 3.77

Houston 123.69 31.42 1.75 5.07 3.74 Irwin 4.21 1.09 0.06 0.17 0.13 Jackson 34.68 7.05 0.44 1.34 1.05

Jasper 4.99 1.64 0.08 0.22 0.15 Jeff Davis 11.60 2.32 0.15 0.45 0.35 Jefferson 10.30 2.04 0.13 0.39 0.31

Jenkins 3.45 0.77 0.05 0.14 0.10 Johnson 2.06 0.40 0.03 0.08 0.06 Jones 7.87 2.82 0.14 0.36 0.24

Lamar 7.81 1.87 0.12 0.31 0.24 Lanier 2.88 0.65 0.04 0.11 0.09 Laurens 48.07 11.33 0.67 1.93 1.45

Lee 7.32 1.75 0.10 0.29 0.22 Liberty 66.16 10.50 0.53 2.40 2.00 Lincoln 4.08 1.16 0.06 0.17 0.12

Long 1.28 0.24 0.02 0.05 0.04 Lowndes 146.07 42.13 2.13 6.24 4.41 Lumpkin 23.18 5.57 0.30 0.94 0.70

McDuffie 18.82 3.94 0.22 0.73 0.57 McIntosh 10.21 2.59 0.14 0.42 0.31 Macon 4.34 0.93 0.06 0.17 0.13

Madison 6.76 1.48 0.09 0.27 0.20 Marion 4.46 1.19 0.07 0.19 0.13 Meriwether 10.18 1.96 0.13 0.39 0.31

54 Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Miller 4.61 1.10 0.06 0.19 0.14 Mitchell 40.34 7.39 0.36 1.51 1.22 Monroe 18.97 5.05 0.27 0.79 0.57

Montgomery 7.49 2.06 0.12 0.32 0.23 Morgan 23.68 5.85 0.32 0.96 0.72 Murray 17.24 3.84 0.24 0.68 0.52

Muscogee 228.72 58.45 3.29 9.40 6.91 Newton 47.83 12.15 0.71 1.96 1.44 Oconee 19.93 6.20 0.30 0.87 0.60

Oglethorpe 2.84 0.59 0.03 0.11 0.09 Paulding 44.34 9.93 0.59 1.75 1.34 Peach 19.88 4.51 0.27 0.79 0.60

Pickens 15.77 3.02 0.19 0.60 0.48 Pierce 8.42 2.34 0.12 0.36 0.25 Pike 4.24 1.62 0.07 0.20 0.13

Polk 27.72 7.27 0.43 1.15 0.84 Pulaski 6.06 1.63 0.09 0.25 0.18 Putnam 9.04 2.24 0.13 0.37 0.27

Quitman 0.91 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03 Rabun 30.46 8.69 0.44 1.30 0.92 Randolph 3.22 0.83 0.05 0.13 0.10

Richmond 296.13 82.34 4.07 12.50 8.95 Rockdale 89.83 23.38 1.34 3.71 2.71 Schley 1.62 0.29 0.02 0.06 0.05

Screven 6.26 1.39 0.08 0.25 0.19 Seminole 5.15 1.17 0.08 0.20 0.16 Spalding 52.45 12.40 0.76 2.11 1.58

Stephens 20.26 4.70 0.28 0.81 0.61 Stewart 2.05 0.41 0.03 0.08 0.06 Sumter 26.09 7.00 0.37 1.09 0.79

Talbot 0.86 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03 Taliaferro 0.34 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 Tattnall 9.92 2.02 0.14 0.38 0.30

55 Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.1: Alphabetical by County (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Taylor 3.85 0.75 0.05 0.15 0.12 Telfair 6.30 1.26 0.08 0.24 0.19 Terrell 5.39 1.20 0.07 0.21 0.16

Thomas 43.69 10.27 0.59 1.75 1.32 Tift 54.78 13.38 0.76 2.22 1.65 Toombs 25.30 6.12 0.36 1.02 0.76

Towns 24.56 7.42 0.38 1.07 0.74 Treutlen 2.30 0.48 0.03 0.09 0.07 Troup 94.28 20.42 1.07 3.69 2.85

Turner 6.77 1.38 0.08 0.26 0.20 Twiggs 2.76 0.54 0.03 0.11 0.08 Union 13.62 3.35 0.20 0.55 0.41

Upson 15.72 3.32 0.20 0.61 0.47 Walker 39.59 12.35 0.59 1.74 1.20 Walton 45.95 10.95 0.67 1.85 1.39

Ware 46.41 8.71 0.50 1.75 1.40 Warren 0.89 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03 Washington 18.70 4.61 0.25 0.76 0.56

Wayne 21.19 4.88 0.28 0.84 0.64 Webster 0.45 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 Wheeler 1.56 0.28 0.02 0.06 0.05

White 38.15 10.05 0.53 1.58 1.15 Whitfield 103.70 26.84 1.49 4.28 3.13 Wilcox 2.10 0.37 0.02 0.08 0.06

Wilkes 9.89 2.18 0.13 0.39 0.30 Wilkinson 2.94 0.44 0.03 0.11 0.09 Worth 9.63 2.17 0.13 0.38 0.29

Total $13,872.7 $5,840.1 207.1 $682.9 $419.1

C2003 TIA

56 Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Fulton $4,786.56 $1,875.87 57.12 $228.78 $144.61 Cobb 968.07 353.08 16.08 44.98 29.25 Clayton 800.27 1588.95 29.50 100.87 24.18

De Kalb 752.54 219.07 11.11 32.24 22.74 Chatham 747.80 229.47 10.01 32.62 22.59 Gwinnett 739.25 211.69 11.29 31.50 22.33

Richmond 296.13 82.34 4.07 12.50 8.95 Glynn 239.37 72.86 3.52 10.41 7.23 Muscogee 228.72 58.45 3.29 9.40 6.91

Bibb 209.92 64.27 3.19 9.15 6.34 Hall 175.06 45.35 2.41 7.23 5.29 Clarke 154.48 38.76 2.22 6.31 4.67

Lowndes 146.07 42.13 2.13 6.24 4.41 Cherokee 131.79 38.06 2.10 5.63 3.98 Dougherty 125.48 32.09 1.78 5.16 3.79

Henry 124.63 35.55 1.89 5.30 3.77 Houston 123.69 31.42 1.75 5.07 3.74 Douglas 118.95 28.36 1.64 4.79 3.59

Fayette 109.29 88.64 2.73 7.47 3.30 Whitfield 103.70 26.84 1.49 4.28 3.13 Troup 94.28 20.42 1.07 3.69 2.85

Bartow 92.55 25.53 1.34 3.90 2.80 Rockdale 89.83 23.38 1.34 3.71 2.71 Forsyth 86.58 26.46 1.36 3.77 2.62

Coweta 83.89 24.93 1.30 3.62 2.53 Floyd 82.90 19.45 1.13 3.32 2.50 Carroll 77.85 18.63 1.05 3.14 2.35

Columbia 70.61 16.55 0.92 2.83 2.13 Liberty 66.16 10.50 0.53 2.40 2.00 Bulloch 59.82 14.25 0.80 2.41 1.81

Camden 54.97 13.10 0.73 2.21 1.66 Tift 54.78 13.38 0.76 2.22 1.65 Spalding 52.45 12.40 0.76 2.11 1.58

57 Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Catoosa 48.29 12.33 0.65 1.98 1.46 Laurens 48.07 11.33 0.67 1.93 1.45 Newton 47.83 12.15 0.71 1.96 1.44

Ware 46.41 8.71 0.50 1.75 1.40 Walton 45.95 10.95 0.67 1.85 1.39 Paulding 44.34 9.93 0.59 1.75 1.34

Thomas 43.69 10.27 0.59 1.75 1.32 Coffee 43.11 8.77 0.48 1.66 1.30 Baldwin 42.78 10.94 0.60 1.76 1.29

Mitchell 40.34 7.39 0.36 1.51 1.22 Walker 39.59 12.35 0.59 1.74 1.20 White 38.15 10.05 0.53 1.58 1.15

Gordon 35.16 8.05 0.49 1.40 1.06 Greene 35.04 11.25 0.54 1.55 1.06 Colquitt 34.88 7.80 0.42 1.38 1.05

Jackson 34.68 7.05 0.44 1.34 1.05 Habersham 30.96 7.74 0.45 1.26 0.94 Rabun 30.46 8.69 0.44 1.30 0.92

Barrow 29.50 6.23 0.39 1.15 0.89 Crisp 27.76 6.22 0.36 1.10 0.84 Polk 27.72 7.27 0.43 1.15 0.84

Sumter 26.09 7.00 0.37 1.09 0.79 Harris 25.54 11.17 0.48 1.28 0.77 Toombs 25.30 6.12 0.36 1.02 0.76

Towns 24.56 7.42 0.38 1.07 0.74 Bryan 24.31 6.03 0.32 0.99 0.73 Dawson 24.29 7.48 0.39 1.06 0.73

Morgan 23.68 5.85 0.32 0.96 0.72 Lumpkin 23.18 5.57 0.30 0.94 0.70 Decatur 22.51 5.33 0.31 0.90 0.68

Franklin 21.25 3.95 0.25 0.80 0.64 Wayne 21.19 4.88 0.28 0.84 0.64 Fannin 20.64 5.55 0.30 0.86 0.62

58 Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Stephens 20.26 4.70 0.28 0.81 0.61 Oconee 19.93 6.20 0.30 0.87 0.60 Peach 19.88 4.51 0.27 0.79 0.60

Gilmer 19.47 3.78 0.23 0.74 0.59 Monroe 18.97 5.05 0.27 0.79 0.57 Cook 18.84 5.22 0.30 0.79 0.57

McDuffie 18.82 3.94 0.22 0.73 0.57 Washington 18.70 4.61 0.25 0.76 0.56 Murray 17.24 3.84 0.24 0.68 0.52

Effingham 15.95 3.44 0.20 0.62 0.48 Pickens 15.77 3.02 0.19 0.60 0.48 Upson 15.72 3.32 0.20 0.61 0.47

Grady 15.10 3.11 0.18 0.58 0.46 Hart 14.67 4.40 0.23 0.63 0.44 Butts 14.34 2.84 0.17 0.55 0.43

Union 13.62 3.35 0.20 0.55 0.41 Elbert 13.28 2.94 0.18 0.52 0.40 Ben Hill 12.76 2.94 0.18 0.51 0.39

Haralson 12.57 2.03 0.13 0.46 0.38 Emanuel 12.20 2.84 0.17 0.49 0.37 Dade 12.04 2.51 0.15 0.47 0.36

Dodge 12.02 2.73 0.16 0.48 0.36 Chattooga 11.93 2.54 0.16 0.47 0.36 Jeff Davis 11.60 2.32 0.15 0.45 0.35

Burke 11.15 2.71 0.14 0.45 0.34 Appling 10.99 2.32 0.15 0.43 0.33 Jefferson 10.30 2.04 0.13 0.39 0.31

McIntosh 10.21 2.59 0.14 0.42 0.31 Meriwether 10.18 1.96 0.13 0.39 0.31 Tattnall 9.92 2.02 0.14 0.38 0.30

Wilkes 9.89 2.18 0.13 0.39 0.30 Banks 9.68 2.82 0.15 0.41 0.29 Worth 9.63 2.17 0.13 0.38 0.29

59 Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Putnam 9.04 2.24 0.13 0.37 0.27 Chattahoochee 8.89 2.27 0.15 0.37 0.27 Candler 8.49 1.99 0.11 0.34 0.26

Evans 8.47 1.88 0.11 0.33 0.26 Pierce 8.42 2.34 0.12 0.36 0.25 Jones 7.87 2.82 0.14 0.36 0.24

Lamar 7.81 1.87 0.12 0.31 0.24 Early 7.73 1.85 0.11 0.31 0.23 Berrien 7.73 1.69 0.11 0.30 0.23

Montgomery 7.49 2.06 0.12 0.32 0.23 Lee 7.32 1.75 0.10 0.29 0.22 Charlton 6.84 1.61 0.09 0.27 0.21

Dooly 6.83 1.49 0.08 0.27 0.21 Turner 6.77 1.38 0.08 0.26 0.20 Madison 6.76 1.48 0.09 0.27 0.20

Bleckley 6.74 1.73 0.09 0.28 0.20 Brooks 6.40 1.47 0.08 0.25 0.19 Telfair 6.30 1.26 0.08 0.24 0.19

Screven 6.26 1.39 0.08 0.25 0.19 Pulaski 6.06 1.63 0.09 0.25 0.18 Bacon 5.72 1.34 0.08 0.23 0.17

Terrell 5.39 1.20 0.07 0.21 0.16 Seminole 5.15 1.17 0.08 0.20 0.16 Jasper 4.99 1.64 0.08 0.22 0.15

Brantley 4.96 0.82 0.05 0.18 0.15 Miller 4.61 1.10 0.06 0.19 0.14 Marion 4.46 1.19 0.07 0.19 0.13

Macon 4.34 0.93 0.06 0.17 0.13 Pike 4.24 1.62 0.07 0.20 0.13 Irwin 4.21 1.09 0.06 0.17 0.13

Lincoln 4.08 1.16 0.06 0.17 0.12 Clinch 3.93 0.76 0.05 0.15 0.12 Taylor 3.85 0.75 0.05 0.15 0.12

60 Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.2: Ranking of Counties by Expenditure Levels (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Jenkins 3.45 0.77 0.05 0.14 0.10 Randolph 3.22 0.83 0.05 0.13 0.10 Atkinson 3.00 0.58 0.04 0.11 0.09

Wilkinson 2.94 0.44 0.03 0.11 0.09 Lanier 2.88 0.65 0.04 0.11 0.09 Oglethorpe 2.84 0.59 0.03 0.11 0.09

Twiggs 2.76 0.54 0.03 0.11 0.08 Heard 2.70 0.63 0.03 0.11 0.08 Crawford 2.66 0.48 0.03 0.10 0.08

Hancock 2.61 0.46 0.03 0.10 0.08 Treutlen 2.30 0.48 0.03 0.09 0.07 Wilcox 2.10 0.37 0.02 0.08 0.06

Johnson 2.06 0.40 0.03 0.08 0.06 Stewart 2.05 0.41 0.03 0.08 0.06 Calhoun 1.97 0.50 0.03 0.08 0.06

Schley 1.62 0.29 0.02 0.06 0.05 Wheeler 1.56 0.28 0.02 0.06 0.05 Clay 1.30 0.19 0.01 0.05 0.04

Long 1.28 0.24 0.02 0.05 0.04 Quitman 0.91 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03 Warren 0.89 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03

Talbot 0.86 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.03 Baker 0.83 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.03 Glascock 0.71 0.11 0.01 0.03 0.02

Webster 0.45 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 Taliaferro 0.34 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 Echols 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

Total $13,872.7 $5,840.1 207.1 $682.9 $419.1

C2003 TIA

61 Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Appling 0.08% 0.04% 0.07% 0.06% 0.08% Atkinson 0.02% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% Bacon 0.04% 0.02% 0.04% 0.03% 0.04%

Baker 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.01% Baldwin 0.31% 0.19% 0.29% 0.26% 0.31% Banks 0.07% 0.05% 0.07% 0.06% 0.07%

Barrow 0.21% 0.11% 0.19% 0.17% 0.21% Bartow 0.67% 0.44% 0.65% 0.57% 0.67% Ben Hill 0.09% 0.05% 0.09% 0.07% 0.09%

Berrien 0.06% 0.03% 0.06% 0.04% 0.06% Bibb 1.51% 1.10% 1.54% 1.34% 1.51% Bleckley 0.05% 0.03% 0.05% 0.04% 0.05%

Brantley 0.04% 0.01% 0.02% 0.03% 0.04% Brooks 0.05% 0.03% 0.04% 0.04% 0.05% Bryan 0.18% 0.10% 0.15% 0.14% 0.18%

Bulloch 0.43% 0.24% 0.39% 0.35% 0.43% Burke 0.08% 0.05% 0.07% 0.07% 0.08% Butts 0.10% 0.05% 0.08% 0.08% 0.10%

Calhoun 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% Camden 0.40% 0.22% 0.35% 0.32% 0.40% Candler 0.06% 0.03% 0.05% 0.05% 0.06%

Carroll 0.56% 0.32% 0.51% 0.46% 0.56% Catoosa 0.35% 0.21% 0.31% 0.29% 0.35% Charlton 0.05% 0.03% 0.04% 0.04% 0.05%

Chatham 5.39% 3.93% 4.83% 4.78% 5.39% Chattahoochee 0.06% 0.04% 0.07% 0.05% 0.06% Chattooga 0.09% 0.04% 0.08% 0.07% 0.09%

Cherokee 0.95% 0.65% 1.02% 0.82% 0.95% Clarke 1.11% 0.66% 1.07% 0.92% 1.11% Clay 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

Clayton 5.77% 27.20% 14.24% 14.77% 5.77% Clinch 0.03% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.03% Cobb 6.98% 6.04% 7.76% 6.59% 6.98%

62 Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Coffee 0.31% 0.15% 0.23% 0.24% 0.31% Colquitt 0.25% 0.13% 0.20% 0.20% 0.25% Columbia 0.51% 0.28% 0.44% 0.41% 0.51%

Cook 0.14% 0.09% 0.14% 0.12% 0.14% Coweta 0.60% 0.43% 0.63% 0.53% 0.60% Crawford 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.02%

Crisp 0.20% 0.11% 0.17% 0.16% 0.20% Dade 0.09% 0.04% 0.07% 0.07% 0.09% Dawson 0.18% 0.13% 0.19% 0.16% 0.18%

Decatur 0.16% 0.09% 0.15% 0.13% 0.16% De Kalb 5.42% 3.75% 5.36% 4.72% 5.42% Dodge 0.09% 0.05% 0.08% 0.07% 0.09%

Dooly 0.05% 0.03% 0.04% 0.04% 0.05% Dougherty 0.90% 0.55% 0.86% 0.76% 0.90% Douglas 0.86% 0.49% 0.79% 0.70% 0.86%

Early 0.06% 0.03% 0.05% 0.05% 0.06% Echols 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Effingham 0.11% 0.06% 0.10% 0.09% 0.11%

Elbert 0.10% 0.05% 0.09% 0.08% 0.10% Emanuel 0.09% 0.05% 0.08% 0.07% 0.09% Evans 0.06% 0.03% 0.06% 0.05% 0.06%

Fannin 0.15% 0.10% 0.14% 0.13% 0.15% Fayette 0.79% 1.52% 1.32% 1.09% 0.79% Floyd 0.60% 0.33% 0.55% 0.49% 0.60%

Forsyth 0.62% 0.45% 0.66% 0.55% 0.62% Franklin 0.15% 0.07% 0.12% 0.12% 0.15% Fulton 34.51% 32.11% 27.57% 33.50% 34.51%

Gilmer 0.14% 0.06% 0.11% 0.11% 0.14% Glascock 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.01% Glynn 1.73% 1.25% 1.70% 1.52% 1.73%

Gordon 0.25% 0.14% 0.24% 0.20% 0.25% Grady 0.11% 0.05% 0.09% 0.09% 0.11% Greene 0.25% 0.19% 0.26% 0.23% 0.25%

63 Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Gwinnett 5.33% 3.62% 5.45% 4.61% 5.33% Habersham 0.22% 0.13% 0.22% 0.19% 0.22% Hall 1.26% 0.78% 1.16% 1.06% 1.26%

Hancock 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.02% Haralson 0.09% 0.03% 0.06% 0.07% 0.09% Harris 0.18% 0.19% 0.23% 0.19% 0.18%

Hart 0.11% 0.08% 0.11% 0.09% 0.11% Heard 0.02% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% Henry 0.90% 0.61% 0.91% 0.78% 0.90%

Houston 0.89% 0.54% 0.84% 0.74% 0.89% Irwin 0.03% 0.02% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% Jackson 0.25% 0.12% 0.21% 0.20% 0.25%

Jasper 0.04% 0.03% 0.04% 0.03% 0.04% Jeff Davis 0.08% 0.04% 0.07% 0.07% 0.08% Jefferson 0.07% 0.03% 0.06% 0.06% 0.07%

Jenkins 0.02% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% Johnson 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% Jones 0.06% 0.05% 0.07% 0.05% 0.06%

Lamar 0.06% 0.03% 0.06% 0.05% 0.06% Lanier 0.02% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% Laurens 0.35% 0.19% 0.32% 0.28% 0.35%

Lee 0.05% 0.03% 0.05% 0.04% 0.05% Liberty 0.48% 0.18% 0.26% 0.35% 0.48% Lincoln 0.03% 0.02% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%

Long 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% Lowndes 1.05% 0.72% 1.03% 0.91% 1.05% Lumpkin 0.17% 0.10% 0.14% 0.14% 0.17%

McDuffie 0.14% 0.07% 0.11% 0.11% 0.14% McIntosh 0.07% 0.04% 0.07% 0.06% 0.07% Macon 0.03% 0.02% 0.03% 0.02% 0.03%

Madison 0.05% 0.03% 0.04% 0.04% 0.05% Marion 0.03% 0.02% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% Meriwether 0.07% 0.03% 0.06% 0.06% 0.07%

64 Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Miller 0.03% 0.02% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% Mitchell 0.29% 0.13% 0.17% 0.22% 0.29% Monroe 0.14% 0.09% 0.13% 0.12% 0.14%

Montgomery 0.05% 0.04% 0.06% 0.05% 0.05% Morgan 0.17% 0.10% 0.15% 0.14% 0.17% Murray 0.12% 0.07% 0.11% 0.10% 0.12%

Muscogee 1.65% 1.00% 1.59% 1.38% 1.65% Newton 0.34% 0.21% 0.34% 0.29% 0.34% Oconee 0.14% 0.11% 0.14% 0.13% 0.14%

Oglethorpe 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% Paulding 0.32% 0.17% 0.28% 0.26% 0.32% Peach 0.14% 0.08% 0.13% 0.12% 0.14%

Pickens 0.11% 0.05% 0.09% 0.09% 0.11% Pierce 0.06% 0.04% 0.06% 0.05% 0.06% Pike 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%

Polk 0.20% 0.12% 0.21% 0.17% 0.20% Pulaski 0.04% 0.03% 0.04% 0.04% 0.04% Putnam 0.07% 0.04% 0.06% 0.05% 0.07%

Quitman 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% Rabun 0.22% 0.15% 0.21% 0.19% 0.22% Randolph 0.02% 0.01% 0.03% 0.02% 0.02%

Richmond 2.13% 1.41% 1.96% 1.83% 2.13% Rockdale 0.65% 0.40% 0.65% 0.54% 0.65% Schley 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

Screven 0.05% 0.02% 0.04% 0.04% 0.05% Seminole 0.04% 0.02% 0.04% 0.03% 0.04% Spalding 0.38% 0.21% 0.36% 0.31% 0.38%

Stephens 0.15% 0.08% 0.14% 0.12% 0.15% Stewart 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% Sumter 0.19% 0.12% 0.18% 0.16% 0.19%

Talbot 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% Taliaferro 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Tattnall 0.07% 0.03% 0.07% 0.06% 0.07%

65 Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County

2002 Impact of Domestic Travel on Georgia Table 4.3: Percent Distribution by County (Continued)

Expenditures Payroll Employment State Tax Local Tax County ($ Millions) ($ Millions) (Thousands) ($ Millions) ($ Millions)

Taylor 0.03% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.03% Telfair 0.05% 0.02% 0.04% 0.04% 0.05% Terrell 0.04% 0.02% 0.04% 0.03% 0.04%

Thomas 0.31% 0.18% 0.28% 0.26% 0.31% Tift 0.39% 0.23% 0.37% 0.33% 0.39% Toombs 0.18% 0.10% 0.17% 0.15% 0.18%

Towns 0.18% 0.13% 0.18% 0.16% 0.18% Treutlen 0.02% 0.01% 0.02% 0.01% 0.02% Troup 0.68% 0.35% 0.52% 0.54% 0.68%

Turner 0.05% 0.02% 0.04% 0.04% 0.05% Twiggs 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% Union 0.10% 0.06% 0.10% 0.08% 0.10%

Upson 0.11% 0.06% 0.10% 0.09% 0.11% Walker 0.29% 0.21% 0.29% 0.25% 0.29% Walton 0.33% 0.19% 0.32% 0.27% 0.33%

Ware 0.33% 0.15% 0.24% 0.26% 0.33% Warren 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% Washington 0.13% 0.08% 0.12% 0.11% 0.13%

Wayne 0.15% 0.08% 0.14% 0.12% 0.15% Webster 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Wheeler 0.01% 0.00% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

White 0.27% 0.17% 0.25% 0.23% 0.27% Whitfield 0.75% 0.46% 0.72% 0.63% 0.75% Wilcox 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.02%

Wilkes 0.07% 0.04% 0.07% 0.06% 0.07% Wilkinson 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% Worth 0.07% 0.04% 0.06% 0.06% 0.07%

Total 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

C2003 TIA

66 Appendices

APPENDICES

67 Appendix A: TravelScope Methodology

APPENDIX A: TRAVELSCOPE METHODOLOGY

TravelScope is a cooperative research effort, funded by states, cities and other participants and managed by the research department of the Travel Industry Association. Since 1994, TravelScope has collected visitor volume, market share, trip characteristics, and demographics for all U.S. domestic travel.

To collect these data, TravelScope uses a mail panel of U.S. households operated by National Family Opinion (NFO) Research, Inc. Each month, a representative sample of 25,000 households is mailed a questionnaire that asks the total number of trips of 50 miles or more away from home and/or overnight trips taken in the previous month by all members of the household. On average, TIA obtains responses from 5,000 traveling households each month.

The panel has more than 550,000 households representing over 1.2 million people nationwide (or one in every 182 U.S. households) – the largest consumer panel in the industry. So that samples are representative of all U.S. households, the panel is selected to match the U.S. census population on five variables: census region of residence, market size of residence, age of household head, household income, and household size.

Respondents are asked to record details of up to three trips taken in the previous month. Specifically, the survey collects information on:

primary and secondary purpose of trip, primary and secondary mode of transportation, the number of household members traveling (adults and children), whether the trip was a group tour, up to three states or countries visited on each trip, key cities/places visited in each state/country, the number of nights in each type of accommodation, trip expenditures, and activities.

TravelScope demographic information is collected from each responding household head via the NFO Research mail panel. The demographics reflect the profile of heads of household, although it is possible that someone else in the household is the traveler. Responses are sample-balanced to match the U.S. population.

68 Appendix A: TravelScope Methodology

The margin of sampling error for this survey (at the 95 percent confidence level) is plus or minus approximately 0.5 percentage points for the entire sample. Subgroups will have larger margins of error, depending on the number of households in the group. The sample size and margin of sampling error for Gerogia is listed below. For example, if you have a confidence interval of 2 and 50% percent of your sample chooses a particular answer for a survey question, you can be 95 percent confident that if you had asked the question of the entire relevant population between 48% and 52% would have chosen that particular answer.

Estimate of Sampling Error

Sample 95 Percent Size Confidence Level

Total Traveling Households 80,516 +/- 0.4%

Households Visiting Georgia 2,430 +/- 2.0%

Households Visiting the Atlanta Metro Region 867 3.3%

Households Visiting the Georgia's Coast Region 269 6.0%

Households Visiting the Georgia's Mountains Region 171 7.5%

Households Visiting the Historic South Region 175 7.4%

Households Visiting the Southern Rivers Region 142 8.2%

69 Appendix A: Travel Economic Impact Model

APPENDIX B: TRAVEL ECONOMIC IMPACT MODEL

Introduction

The Travel Economic Impact Model (TEIM) was developed by the research department at TIA (formerly known as the U.S. Travel Data Center) to provide annual estimates of the impact of the travel activity of U.S. residents on national, state and county economies in this country. The TEIM estimates travel expenditures and the resulting employment, personal income, and tax receipts generated by these expenditures. It is capable of estimating the economic impact of travel at the county level, allowing localities throughout a state to document the importance of travel and tourism within their own areas.

The TEIM has the capability of estimating the economic impact of various types of travel, such as business and vacation, by transport mode and type of accommodations used, and other trip and traveler characteristics.

The revised TEIM has been used to develop estimates of 1987 and subsequent year travel expenditures and the effect of these expenditures on employment, payroll and tax revenue in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. TIA has also produced a time series of estimates for the years 1977-87 through the revised TEIM. The County Impact Component of the TEIM allows estimates of the economic impact of travel at the county and city level.

Definition of Terms

There is no commonly accepted definition of travel in use at this time. For the purposes of the estimates herein, travel is defined as activities associated with all overnight trips away from home in paid accommodations and day trips to places 50 miles or more, one way, from the traveler's origin. The TEIM definition includes all overnight trips regardless of distance away from home, but excludes day trips to places less than 50 miles away from home.

The word tourism is avoided in this report because of its vague meaning. Some define tourism as all travel away from home while others use the dictionary definition that limits tourism to personal or pleasure travel.

The travel industry, as used herein, refers to the collection of 16 types of businesses that provide goods and services to the traveler or potential traveler at the retail level (see Appendix B: Glossary of Terms). With the exception of Amtrak and second home ownership and rental, these business types are defined by the Office of Management and Budget in the 1997 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and well as in its predecessor, the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification System (SIC). In each case, the relevant NAICS and SIC codes are included.

A travel expenditure is assumed to take place whenever a traveler exchanges money for an activity considered part of his/her trip. Total travel expenditures are separated into 16 categories representing traveler purchases of goods and services at the retail level. One category, travel

70 Appendix A: Travel Economic Impact Model

agents, receives no travel expenditures as these purchases are allocated to the category (i.e. air transportation) actually providing the final good or service to the traveler. Travel expenditures are allocated among states by simulating where the exchange of money for goods or service actually took place. By their nature, some travel expenditures are assumed to occur at the traveler's origin, some at his/her destination, and some enroute.

Economic impact is represented by measures of spending, employment, payroll, business receipts and tax revenues generated by traveler spending. Payroll includes all forms of compensation, such as salaries, wages, commissions, bonuses, vacation allowances, sick leave pay and the value of payments in kind paid during the year to all employees. Payroll is reported before deductions for social security, income tax insurance, union dues, etc. This definition follows that used by the U.S. Census Bureau in the quinquennial Census of Service Industries.

Employment represents the number of jobs generated by traveler spending, both full and part-time. As such, it is consistent with the U.S. Department of Labor series on nonagricultural ayroll employment. Tax revenues include corporate income, individual income, sales and gross receipts, and excise taxes by level of government. Business receipts reflect travel expenditures less the sales and excise taxes imposed on those expenditures.

Description of the Model

The basic data on travel activity levels (e.g., number of miles traveled by mode of transportation, the number of nights spent away from home spent by type of accommodation) are available from TIA’s travel surveys and Smith Travel Research's Hotel and Motel Survey. Generally, the TEIM combines the activity levels for trips to places within the United States with the appropriate average costs of each unit of travel activity, (e.g., cost per mile by mode of transport, cost per night by type of accommodation), to produce estimates of the total amount spent on each of 16 categories of travel-related goods and services by state. For example, the number of nights spent by travel parties in campgrounds in Georgia is multiplied by the average cost per night per travel party of staying in a campground facility in Georgia to obtain the estimate of traveler expenditures for camping accommodations.

The Economic Impact Component of the TEIM estimates travel generated business receipts, employment, and payroll. Basically, the 16 travel categories are associated with a type of travel-related business. For example, traveler spending on commercial lodging in a state is related to the business receipts, employment and payroll of hotels, motels and motor hotels (SIC 701; NAICS 7211) in the state. It is assumed that travel spending in each category, less sales and excise taxes, equals business receipts for the related business type as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau.

It is assumed that each job in a specific type of business in a state is supported by some amount of business receipts and that each dollar of wages and salaries is similarly supported by some dollar volume of business receipts. The ratios of employment to business receipts are computed for each industry in each state. These ratios are then multiplied by the total amount of business receipts generated by traveler spending in a particular type of business to obtain the measures of travel generated employment and payroll of each type of business in each state. For example, the

71 Appendix B: Travel Economic Impact Model

ratio of employees to business receipts in Georgia commercial lodging establishments is multiplied by travel generated business receipts of these establishments to obtain traveler generated employment in commercial lodging. A similar process is used for the payroll estimates.

The Fiscal Impact Component of the TEIM is used to estimate traveler generated tax revenues of federal, state and local governments. The yield of each type of tax is related to the best measure of the relevant tax base available for each state consistent with the output of the Economic Impact Component. The ratios of yield to base for each type of tax in each state is then applied to the appropriate primary level output to obtain estimates of tax receipts generated by travel. For example, the ratio of Georgia state personal income tax collections to payroll in the state is applied to total travel generated payroll to obtain the estimate of state personal income tax receipts attributable to traveler spending in Georgia.

The 1987 benchmark estimates of travel expenditures, and travel generated employment, payroll and federal, state and local tax revenue, are updated for each successive year. Data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census, Smith Travel Research, Enos Foundation, Runzheimer International, Cruise Lines International Association, Prentice-Hall, U.S. Department of Labor's Consumer Expenditure Survey and ES-202, American Society of Travel Agents, the Federal Aviation Administration, the Department of Transportation, Amtrak, the Federal Highway Administration, state revenue departments, TIA’s travel surveys and other sources are used for this purpose. These data indicate the change in travel spending for each of the expenditure categories for each state over the previous year, as well as changes in the relationship of travel spending to employment, payroll and tax revenue.

Model Limitations

Due to the lack of sound, relevant data, the magnitude of purchases made in preparation for trips cannot be quantified. Examples include sports equipment (tennis racquet, skis, scuba gear, etc.), travel books and guides, and services such as language lessons and lessons for participatory sports (tennis, skiing, underwater diving, etc.).

The second type of spending not covered due to lack of sufficient data is the purchase of major consumer durables generally related to outdoor recreation on trips. Further research is required in this area to determine to what extent pre-trip spending on consumer durable products can justifiably be included within a travel economic impact study.

72 Appendix C: Glossary of Terms - Economic

APPENDIX C: GLOSSARY OF TERMS – TEIM

Automobile Transportation Expenditure. This category includes a prorated share of the fixed costs of owning an automobile, truck, camper, or other recreational vehicle, such as insurance, license fees, tax, and depreciation costs. Also included are the variable costs of operating an automobile, truck, camper, or other recreational vehicle on a trip, such as gasoline, oil, tires, and repairs. The costs of renting an automobile or other motor vehicle are included in this category as well.

Entertainment/Recreation Expenditure. Traveler spending on recreation facility user fees, admissions at amusement parks and attractions, attendance at nightclubs, movies, legitimate shows, sports events, and other forms of entertainment and recreation while traveling.

Food Expenditure. Traveler spending in commercial eating facilities and grocery stores or carry-outs, as well as on food purchased for off-premise consumption.

Incidental Purchase Expenditure. Traveler spending on retail trade purchases including gifts for others, medicine, cosmetics, clothing, personal services, souvenirs, and other items of this nature.

Lodging Expenditures. Traveler spending on hotels and motels, campgrounds and trailer parks, rental of vacation homes and other types of lodging.

Public Transportation Expenditures. This includes traveler spending on air, bus, rail and boat/ship transportation, and taxicab or limousine service between airports and central cities. Also included are expenditures on "other transportation" as indicated in the TravelScope® survey.

Tourism. Generally avoided in this study, this can be used to refer to pleasure or personal travel, a subset of travel.

Travel. The act of taking a "trip".

Traveler. Person taking a "trip".

Travel Expenditure. The exchange of money or the promise of money for goods or service while traveling, including any advance purchase of public transportation tickets, lodging or other items normally considered incidental to travel, but which may be purchased in advance of the trip. In addition, certain of the "fixed" or capital costs of owning a motor vehicle (including campers, motor homes, etc.) or a vacation or second home are included as associated with taking a trip.

Generally, expenditures are assumed to take place at the point where the good or service is bought while traveling. The two exceptions to this rule are that the fixed costs of operating a motor vehicle while on a trip are allocated to the traveler's area of residence, and the "imputed rent" of spending nights in the traveler's own vacation home is allocated to the area visited.

73 Appendix C: Glossary of Terms - Economic Travel-generated Employment. The number of jobs attributable to travel expenditures in an area.

These estimates of employment follow the "establishment payroll survey definition" rather than the "household survey definition." Consequently, the TEIM estimates are more closely related to the number of jobs than to the number of employees. For a detailed description of the household and establishment survey differences, see Green, Gloria P., "Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," Monthly Labor Review, Volume 92, No. 12, December, 1969.

Travel-generated Payroll. This is the payroll, or wage and salary income, attributable to travel expenditures in an area. Payroll includes all forms of compensation, such as salaries, wages, commissions, bonuses, vacation allowances, sick leave pay, and the value of payments in kind (such as free meals and lodgings) paid during the year to all employees. Trips and gratuities received by employees from patrons and reported to employers are included. For corporations, it includes amounts paid to officers and executives; for unincorporated businesses, it does not include profit nor other compensation of proprietors or partners. Payroll is reported before deductions for social security, income tax, insurance, union dues, etc.

Travel-generated Tax Receipts. These federal, state and local tax revenues attributable to travel in an area. For a given state locality, all or some of the taxes may apply. "Local" includes county, city or municipality, and township units of government actually collecting the receipts, and not the level that may end up receiving it through intergovernmental transfers.

Federal. These receipts include corporate income taxes, individual income taxes, employment taxes, gasoline excise taxes, and airline ticket taxes.

State. These receipts include corporate income taxes, individual income taxes, sales and gross receipts taxes, and excise taxes.

Local. These include county and city receipts from individual and corporate income taxes, sales, excise and gross receipts taxes, and property taxes.

Travel-generated Wage and Salary Income. The same as "travel-generated payroll."

Trip. A trip occurs, for the purpose of the model, every time one or more persons goes to a place 50 miles or more, each way, from home in one day, or is out of town one or more nights in paid accommodations, and returns to his/her origin. Specifically excluded from this definition are: (1) travel as part of an operating crew on a train, plane, bus, truck or ship; (2) commuting to a place of work; (3) student trips to school or those taken while in school.

74 Appendix D: Glossary of Terms – TravelScope

APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY OF TERMS - TRAVELSCOPE

Activities. TravelScope gathers information on 11 different activity categories: (1) visits to historical places or museums; (2) visits to national or state parks; (3) attending cultural events or festivals; (4) going to theme or amusement parks; (5) outdoor activities (e.g., hunting, fishing, hiking); (6) shopping; (7) night life or dancing; (8) going to the beach; (9) playing golf, tennis or going skiing; (10) attending sports events; and (11) gambling.

Annual Household Income. The total combined annual income of the household before taxes.

Business Trip. Any trip where the primary purpose of the trip is given as “business,” “convention/seminar,” or “combined business/pleasure.”

Census Region of Origin/Destination. Regional breakdowns as defined by the U.S. Bureau of Census:

Northeast New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Georgia and Vermont.

Mid-Atlantic: New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania

South South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia and West Virginia.

East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi and Tennessee.

West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma and Texas.

Midwest East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio and Wisconsin

West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota and South Dakota.

West Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming.

Pacific: California, Oregon and Washington. (Alaska and Hawaii as destinations only)

Designated Market Area (DMA). Designated Marketing Areas (DMAs) are areas of television coverage defined by counties that are based on surveys conducted by Nielsen Media Research. A DMA is often larger than a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).

Household. Comprises all persons who occupy a “housing unit”, that is, a house, an apartment, or other group of rooms, or a room that constitutes separate living quarters.

75 Appendix D: Glossary of Terms – TravelScope

Pleasure Trip. Any trip where the primary purpose of the trip is given as “visit friends or relatives, outdoor recreation, or entertainment (e.g., sightseeing, sports).”

Length of Stay. The number of nights spent on entire trip.

Lifestage. Lifestage groups are based on household size and composition (e.g. number of members, marital status, presence of children), age of household head, and employment of household head.

Lodging. Information is gathered on five lodging categories: (1) hotel/motel/b&b; (2) private home; (3) condominium/time share; (4) recreational vehicle/tent; and (5) other.

Mode of Transportation. Each trip is classified according to the respondent’s answer to the question, “Primary and secondary transportation (mode).” See air mode and auto mode.

Nights Away from home. The number of nights spent away from home on one trip, including nights spent at the destination and en route. It is possible for a trip not to involve an overnight stay if the traveler took at trip of 50 miles or more, one-way, and returned home the same day.

Number of Household Members on Trip. Number of household members on a trip, including the respondent.

Person-Trip. A person on a trip. If three persons from a household go together on one trip, their travel counts as one trip and three person-trips. If three persons from this household take two trips, they account for six person-trips. ( A trip is counted each time one or more members of a household travel 50 miles or more, one-way, away from home or spends one or more overnights and returns.)

Pleasure Trip. Any trip where the primary purpose of the trip is given as “visit friends or relatives, outdoor recreation, or entertainment (e.g., sightseeing, sports).”

Purpose of Trip. Each trip is classified according to the respondent’s answer to the questions “primary and secondary purpose” with these categories: (1) visit friends or relatives, (2) outdoor recreation, (3) entertainment (e.g., sightseeing, sports), (4) combined business/pleasure, (5) convention/seminar, (6) business, (7) personal, (8) other.

Trip. A household trip. The term “household trips” counts the number of trips taken by U.S. households in a year. To qualify, a “household trip” must be 50 miles or more, one-way, away from home or include one or more overnights. Respondents are instructed to not include trips commuting to/from work or school or trips taken as a flight attendant or vehicle operator.

76 Appendix E: Sources of Data

APPENDIX E: SOURCES OF DATA

This appendix presents the sources of data used in this report.

Sources

Air Transport Association American Automobile Association Amtrak American Society of Travel Agents Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation National Park Service Georgia Department of Industry, Trade and Tourism Peterson, Howell & Heather, Inc. Runzheimer International Ltd. Smith Travel Research The Office of Travel and Tourism Industries (OTTI)/ITA, U.S. Department of Commerce Travel Industry Association of America

77 Appendix F: RIMS II

APPENDIX F:

RIMS II

REGIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT MODELING SYSTEM

A BRIEF DESCRIPTION

Regional Economic Analysis Division Bureau of Economic Analysis U.S. Department of Commerce Washington, D.C. 20230 (202) 523-0594

78 Appendix F: RIMS II

RIMS II

Many types of public sector and private sector decisions require an evaluation of probable regional effects. For example, Federal requirements for environmental impact statements and the urban impact of Federal policies necessitate regional impact analyses. A growing concern, therefore, about the effects of public and private decisions has created a demand for regional economic models.

As a result of this demand, economic impact models have been developed for many States and regions. These models vary considerably in terms of structure, reliability, sectoral and geographical detail, flexibility in application, and cost of development and use. In general, the models that provide the most reliable and industrially-detailed secondary impact estimates are the most expensive to construct, while the less costly models that can be used in numerous small-area studies often provide less accurate estimates.

In response to the growing need for improved techniques for regional impact analysis, the Regional Economic Analysis Division of the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) developed the Regional Industrial Multiplier System (RIMS) in the mid-1970's. RIMS was designed to estimate input-output type multipliers for use in estimating the secondary regional impacts of public and private economic development policies. RIMS was capable of estimating multipliers for any region composed of one or more contiguous counties and for any of the 478 industrial sectors in the 1967 BEA national input-output (I-O) table. A significant improvement over the more summary measures often used in regional impact analysis, RIMS was capable of providing reliable multiplier estimates without the high cost of gathering survey data.

The Regional Input-Output Modeling System (RIMS II) is a major revision of RIMS. The basic differences between RIMS II and RIMS are the use of more recent national I-O tables (1987), the use of more detailed and more current data for regionalizing the national I-O tables, and greater flexibility in the derivation of regional impact estimates through the use of a matrix inversion technique that provides industrially-disaggregated impacts. RIMS II developmental research is focused currently on estimating regional transaction tables, and comparing RIMS II estimates of state-specific imports and exports with survey-based estimates from the Census Bureau's Commodity Transportation Survey. RIMS II is also being adapted to analyze the regional and industrial impacts of defense procurement.

RIMS II METHODOLOGY

In order to estimate impacts such as those presented above, RIMS II uses the BEA national I-O tables that show the input and output structure of 500 industries. Since firms in all national industries are not found in each region, some direct requirements that are not produced in a study region are identified, using Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) 4-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) county earnings data. The earnings data are used as proxies for the industry-specific input and output data which are seldom available at the small-area level. Using the same earning data, the resulting regional I-O table then can be aggregated to the level of

79 Appendix F: RIMS II

industrial detail appropriate for the impact study. More specifically, the RIMS II approach can be viewed as three-step process. In the first step, the national I-O matrix is made region-specific by using corresponding 4- digit SIC location quotients (LQ's). The LQ's are used to estimate the extent to which requirements are supplied by firms within the region. For this purpose, RIMS II employs LQ's based on two types of data. According to this mixed- LQ Approch, BEA county personal income data, by place of residence, are used for the calculation of LQ's in the service sectors, while BEA earnings data, by place of work, are used for he LQ's in the nonservice sectors.

The second step involves estimations of the household row and the household column of the matrix. The household-row coefficients are estimated based on value- added gross-output ratios from the national I-O table and introduced into each industry's coefficient column. A household column is constructed, based on national consumption and savings rate data and national and regional tax rate data.

The last step in the RIMS II estimating procedure is to calculate the multipliers. Since it is most often necessary to trace the impact of changes in final demand on numerous individual directly-and indirectly-affected industries, RIMS II applications employ the Leontief inversion approach for obtaining multipliers. This inversion process produces output and earnings multipliers for all additionally affected industries.

ACCURACY OF RIMS II

Empirical test of the accuracy of RIMS II multipliers indicates that RIMS II yields estimates that are not substantially different from those generated by regional I-O models based on the costly gathering of survey data. For example, a comparison of 224 industry-specific multipliers from survey based tables for Illinois, Washington, and West Virginia indicate that the RIMS II average multipliers overestimate the average multipliers from the survey based tables by approximately 5 percent, and, for the majority of individual industry-specific multipliers is less than 10 percent. In addition, RIMS II and survey multipliers show a statistically-similar distribution of affected industries.

ADVANTAGES OF RIMS II

There are numerous advantages to RIMS II. First, it is possible to provide estimates of economic impact without building a complete survey I-O model for each region under study, since RIMS II produces multipliers that are derived from secondary data sources. Second, the RIMS II multipliers are derived from a limited number of secondary data sources, thus eliminating the costs associated with the compilation of data from a wide variety of these sources. Third, because of the disaggregated sectoring plan employed by RIMS II, analysis may be performed at a detailed industrial level, thereby avoiding aggregation errors that often occur when different industries are combined. Fourth, the RIMS II multipliers are based on a consistent set of procedures across areas, thus making comparisons among areas more meaningful than would be

80 Appendix F: RIMS II

the case if the results were obtained from incompatible impact models designed only for an individual area. Fifth, the multipliers can be updated to reflect the most recent local area earning and personal income data.

The industrial output and personal earnings impacts estimated by RIMS II can be crucial for estimating effects not directly specified by RIMS II itself. For example, the estimation of regional, fiscal, labor migration, and environmental effects often depends on the estimation of the regional output and earnings impact of the initial stimulus. Since many of these important effects are often best analyzed on a case-y-case basis, one of the major advantages of using RIMS II is that valuable research resources can be spent on the analysis of these effects, rather than on the construction of an impact model. Therefore, when using RIMS II, a cost-effective impact study might devote most of its research budget to specifying initial impacts in industry specific detail, and analyzing the implications for other important aspects of regional economic activity of the RIMS II estimates impacts.

This overview briefly describes RIMS II multiplier, the multiplier-estimation procedures, and some of the advantages and uses for RIMS II. For additional information, see Regional Multipliers, A User Handbook for the Regional Input-Output Modeling System (RIMSII), third edition. This handbook is produced by the U.S. Department of Commerce and available from the U.S. Government Printing Office.

81 Appendix G: TravelScope Survey Card

APPENDIX G: TRAVELSCOPE SURVEY CARD

Front

Back

Appendix H: Region Volume Estimates

APPENDIX H: REGION VOLUME ESTIMATES

Travel volumes for Georgia regions must account for the portion of travelers who went to Georgia but did not mention the specific cities/attractions they visited while in the state. TIA's regional volume estimates are based on the assumption that visitors who do not provide information on specific destinations within the state visit Georgia cities and attractions in the same proportion as those who do provide complete information. These visitors are allocated to specific regions by a) determining the number of person-trips without complete destination information that are not pass thru trips, then b) allocating those unidentified trips to cities/attractions proportionally based on known visitor volumes.

In 2002, of all person-trips to Georgia, 5,223,000 were non pass-thru travelers who did not provide information about their specific destination within the state. There were 4,858,000 destination/overnight visitors who did not provide details about their destination. These travelers have been allocated to the regions proportionally.

2002 TOTAL Visitor Volume Estimates for Georgia Regions Share of Count of Region travelers who travelers who Estimated TOTAL said they visited said they visited Additional ESTIMATED the region the region Volume* Volume GEORGIA 100% 41,998,000 N/A Atlanta Metro 51.8% 14,552,000 2,706,,000 17,258,000 Georgia's Coast 14.9% 4,194,000 780,000 4,974,000 Georgia's Mountains 11.7% 3,299,000 613,000 3,912,000 Historic South 13.0% 3,661,000 681,000 4,342,000 Southern Rivers 9.9% 2,772,000 515,000 3,287,000

2002 DESTINATION/OVERNIGHT Visitor Volume Estimates for Georgia Regions Share of Count of Region travelers who travelers who Estimated TOTAL said they visited said they visited Additional ESTIMATED the region the region Volume* Volume GEORGIA 100% 30,244,000 N/A Atlanta Metro 51.3% 13,012,000 2,490,,000 15,502,000 Georgia's Coast 15.0% 3,816,000 730,000 4,546,000 Georgia's Mountains 11.7% 2,976,000 570,000 3,546,000 Historic South 13.0% 3,304,000 632,000 3,936,000 Southern Rivers 10.4% 2,651,000 507,000 3,158,000

*The count of non pass-thru travelers with no destination information multiplied by the share of travelers who said they visited that region.

Appendix I: Region Definitions

APPENDIX I: REGION DEFINITIONS

ATLANTA METRO GEORGIA'S COAST CLAYTON COUNTY BRANTLEY COUNTY COBB COUNTY BRYAN COUNTY COWETA COUNTY CAMDEN COUNTY DEKALB COUNTY CHARLTON COUNTY DOUGLAS COUNTY CHATHAM COUNTY FAYETTE COUNTY CLINCH COUNTY FULTON COUNTY EFFINGHAM COUNTY GWINNETT COUNTY GLYNN COUNTY HENRY COUNTY LIBERTY COUNTY MCINTOSH COUNTY PIERCE COUNTY WARE COUNTY

GA MOUNTAINS

GEORGIA'S MOUNTAINS- GEORGIA'S MOUNTAINS- HISTORIC HIGH COUNTRY NE GEORGIA'S MOUNTAINS BARTOW COUNTY BANKS COUNTY CARROLL COUNTY BARROW COUNTY CATOOSA COUNTY DAWSON COUNTY CHATTOOGA COUNTY ELBERT COUNTY CHEROKEE COUNTY FORSYTH COUNTY DADE COUNTY FRANKLIN COUNTY FANNIN COUNTY HABERSHAM COUNTY FLOYD COUNTY HALL COUNTY GILMER COUNTY HART COUNTY GORDON COUNTY JACKSON COUNTY HARALSON COUNTY LUMPKIN COUNTY MURRAY COUNTY MADISON COUNTY PAULDING COUNTY RABUN COUNTY PICKENS COUNTY STEPHENS COUNTY POLK COUNTY TOWNS COUNTY WALKER COUNTY UNION COUNTY WHITFIELD COUNTY WHITE COUNTY

Appendix I: Region Definitions

HISTORIC SOUTH:

HISTORIC SOUTH - HISTORIC SOUTH - CLASSIC SOUTH HISTORIC HEARTLAND BURKE COUNTY CLARKE COUNTY COLUMBIA COUNTY BALDWIN COUNTY EMANUEL COUNTY BIBB COUNTY GLASCOCK COUNTY BUTTS COUNTY GREEN COUNTY CRAWFORD COUNTY HANCOCK COUNTY HOUSTON COUNTY JEFFERSON COUNTY JASPER COUNTY JENKINS COUNTY JONES COUNTY JOHNSON COUNTY LAMAR COUNTY LINCOLN COUNTY MONROE COUNTY MCDUFFIE COUNTY MORGAN COUNTY OGLETHORPE COUNTY NEWTON COUNTY RICHMOND COUNTY OCONEE COUNTY TALIAFERRO COUNTY PUTNAM COUNTY WARREN COUNTY ROCKDALE COUNTY WASHINGTON COUNTY TWIGGS COUNTY WILKES COUNTY WALTON COUNTY WILKINSON COUNTY

HISTORIC SOUTH- MAGNOLIA MIDLANDS APPLING COUNTY JEFF DAVIS COUNTY ATKINSON COUNTY LAURENS COUNTY BACON COUNTY LONG COUNTY BEN HILL COUNTY MONTGOMERY COUNTY BLECKLEY COUNTY PULASKI COUNTY BULLOCH COUNTY SCREVEN COUNTY CANDLER COUNTY TATTNAIL COUNTY COFFEE COUNTY TELFAIR COUNTY DODGE COUNTY TOOMBS COUNTY EVANS COUNTY TRUETIEN COUNTY IRWIN COUNTY WAYNE COUNTY WHEELER COUNTY WILCOX COUNTY

Appendix I: Region Definitions

SOUTHERN RIVERS:

SOUTHERN RIVERS - SOUTHERN RIVERS - PLANTATION TRACE PRESIDENTIAL PATHWAYS BAKER COUNTY CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY BERRIEN COUNTY CRISP COUNTY BROOKS COUNTY DOOLY COUNTY CALHOUN COUNTY HARRIS COUNTY CLAY COUNTY HEARD COUNTY COLQUITT COUNTY MACON COUNTY COOK COUNTY MARION COUNTY DECATUR COUNTY MERIWEATHER COUNTY DOUGHERTY COUNTY MUSCOGEE COUNTY EARLY COUNTY PIKE COUNTY ECHOLS COUNTY SCHLEY COUNTY GRADY COUNTY SPALDING COUNTY LANIER COUNTY STEWART COUNTY LEE COUNTY SUMTER COUNTY LOWNDES COUNTY TALBOT COUNTY MILLER COUNTY TAYLOR COUNTY MITCHELL COUNTY TROUP COUNTY QUITMAN COUNTY UPSON COUNTY RANDOLPH COUNTY WEBSTER COUNTY SEMINOLE COUNTY TERRELL COUNTY THOMAS COUNTY TIFT COUNTY TURNER COUNTY WORTH COUNTY