18190 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 establish a Freedom of Information Com­ providing for the printing of committee hear­ 236. Also, memorial of the Legislature of mission, and to further amend the Freedom ings establishing a National Institute of Ed­ the State of Louisiana, requesting the Con­ of Information Act; to the Committee on ucation; to the Committee on House Ad­ gress to propose an amendment to the Con­ Government Operations. ministration. stitution of the United States to guarantee H.R. 8400. A blll to encourage the move­ By Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia: the right of the unborn human to life ment in interstate and ~oreign commerce of H. Con. Res. 234. Concurrent resolution ex­ throughout its development; to the Com­ recycled and recyclable materials and to re­ pressing the sense of Congress regarding the mittee on the Judiciary. duce the quantities of solid waste materials conservation of gasoline; to the Committee 237. Also, memorial of the Legislature of in commerce which cannot be recycled or do on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. the State of New Jersey, requesting the Con­ not contain available recycled materials, and By Mrs. GRASSO (for herself, Mr. BI­ gress to propose an amendment to the Con­ for other purposes; to the Committee on In­ ESTER, and Mr. RIEGLE): stitution of the United States to effectuate terstate and Foreign Commerce. H. Con. Res. 235. Concurrent resolution ex­ protection of unborn humans; to the Com­ By Mr. SMITH of Iowa: pressing the opposition of the Congress to mittee on the Judiciary. H.R. 8401. A blll to provide for public certain measures for the curtailment of bene­ 238. Also, memorial of the Legislature of financing of the campaign of candidates for fits under the medicare and medicaid pro­ the State of New Hampshire, requesting the the Office of the President and Vice Presi­ grams: to the Committee on Ways and Means. Congress to call a convention for the pur­ dent of the United States; to the Committee By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself and Mr. pose of proposing an amendment to the on House Administration. GERALD R. FORD): Constitution of the United States permitting By Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Cali­ H. Con. Res. 236. Concurrent resolution de­ voluntary prayer in public schools; to the fornia: claring the 21 days from Flag Day to Inde­ Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 8402. A blll to provide for the com­ pendence Day as a period to Honor America; 239. Also, memorial of the Legislature of pensation of perons injured by certain crimi­ to the Committee on the Judiciary. the State of New Hampshire, relative to Na­ nal acts, to make grants to States for the By Mr. RINALDO: tional Service Life Insurance for veterans; payment of such compensation, and for other H. Con. Res. 237. Concurrent resolution au­ to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. puposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary. thorizing and directing the Joint Study Com­ 2401. Also, memorial of the Legislature of By Mr. FASCELL (for himself, Mr. mittee on Budget Control to report legisla­ the State of Oklahoma, relative to changes PEPPER, Mr. LEHMAN, and Mr. BEN­ tion to the Congress no later than June 1, in Veterans' Administration disability rat­ NETT): 1973, providing procedures for Jmproving ings; to the Committee on Veterans• Affairs. H.R. 8403. A blll to authorize the Secre­ congressional control of budgetary outlay and tary of the Navy to convey water supply receipt totals, the operation of a limitation facilities in the Florida Keys to the Florida on expenditures and net lending commenc­ PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Keys Aqueduot Authority; to the Committee ing with the fiscal year beginning July 1, Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private on Armed Services. 1973, and for limiting the authority of the By Mr. REID: President to impound or otherwise withhold bills and resolutions were introduced and H.R. 8404. A bill to establish a national funds authorized and appropriated by the severally referred as follows: program for research, development, and Congress; to the Committee on Rules. By Mrs. CHISHOLM: demonstration in tfuels and energy and for By Mr. TREEN (for himself and Mrs. H.R. 8405. A bill for the relief of Mr. the coordination and financial supplementa­ BoGGs): Matthias Thomas; to the Committee on the t ion of Federal energy research and develop­ H. Con. Res. 238. Concurrent resolution re­ Judiciary. ment; to establish development corporations lating to the U.S. fishing industry; to the By Mr. GINN: to demonstrate technologies for shale oil Committee on Merchant Marine and Fish­ H.R. 8406. A bill for the relief of William development, coal gasification development, eries. M. Starrs; to the Committee on the Judi­ advanced power cycle development, geo­ By Mr. WALSH: ciary. thermal steam development, and coal lique­ H. Con. Res. 239. Concurrent resolution ex­ By Mr. LEGGETT: faction development; to authorize and di­ pressing the sense of the Congress with re­ H.R. 8407. A bill for the relief of James U. rect the Secretary of the Interior to make spect to the sale or abandonment of certain Rollins; to the Committee on the Judiciary. mineral resources of the public lands avail­ railroad lines; to the Committee on Inter­ By Mr. SIKES: able for said development corporations; and state and Foreign Commerce. H.R. 8408. A bill to authorize the Secretary for other purposes; to the Committee on In­ of the Air Force to convey certain real prop­ terior and Insular Affairs. erty for use as a permanent site for the Air By Mr. BINGHAM (for himself, Mr. MEMORIALS Force Enlisted Men's, Widow's and Depend­ BERGLAND, Mrs. CHISHOLM, Mr. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memorials ent's Home; to the Committee on Armed FRASER, Mr. MITCHELL Of Maryland, Services. Mr. RYAN, Mr. STARK, and Mr. WoN were presented and referred as follows: By Mr. WYATT: PAT): 231. By the SPEAKER: A memorial of the H.R. 8409. A bill for the relief of Michael H.J. Res. 596. Joint resolutiop proposing Legislature of the State of New Hampshire, Kwok-choi Kan; to the Committee on the an amendment to the Constitution of the relative to assistance to North Vietnam; to Judiciary. United States relating to the election of the the Committee on Foreign Affairs. President and Vice President; to the Com­ 232. Also, memorial of the Legislature of mittee on the Judiciary. the State of Utah, relative to the develop­ PETITIONS, ETC. By Mr. CULVER (tfor himself and Mr. ment of southern Utah; to the Committee RAILSBACK) : on Interior and Insular Affairs. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions H.J. Res. 597. Joint resolution authorizing 233. Also, memorial of the Legislature of and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk the President to proclaim June 17, 1973, as a the State of California, relative to family and referred as follows: day of commemoration of the opening of the planning research and services; to the Com­ 231. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the city upper Mississippi River by Jacques Marquette mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. council, Malden, Mass. rela.tive to the Boston and Louis Joliet in 1673; to the Committee 234. Also, memorial of the General Assem­ Naval Shipyard; to the Committee on Armed on the Judiciary. bly of the State of Connecticut, relative to Services. By Mr. PERKINS: an investigation of abuse of process by a 232. Also, petition of the city council, H.J. Res. 598. Joint resolution to authorize Federal grand jury and the Department of Fresno, Calif.; relative to categorical com­ the President to designate the period from Justice in the case of the "Fort Worth Five"; munity development programs; to the Com­ March 3, 1974, through March 9, 1974, as to the Committee on the Judiciary. mittee on Banking and Currency. "National Nutrition Week"; to the Commit­ 235. Also, memorial of the Legislature of 233. Also, petition of International In­ tee on the Judiciary. the State of Florida, relative to amnesty stitute of Municipal Clerks, Pasadena, Calif.; By Mr. BRADEMAS: for deserters and draft evaders; to the Com­ relative to elections; to the Committee on H. Con. Res. 233. Concurrent resolution mittee on the Judiciary. House Administration. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS PRAYER AND BIBLE READING IN the Nation's public schools has for a Senate are opened each day by prayer. THE NATION'S PUBLIC SCHOOLS decade been an issue of considerable con­ So is each session of the Supreme Court. troversy. I for one-and I have made my I hold that if recognition of a Higher HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE position eminently clear on many oc­ Being that guides all of us and our Na­ OF GEORGIA casions-do believe the u.s. Supreme tion is good enough for Congress and the Court overstepped its authority and went highest court in the land, then it ought IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES beyond the meaning of the Constitution to be acceptable for schoolchildren. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 in denying voluntary prayer and reading There recently came to my attention Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, the of the Bible in public classrooms. a poem, written by Robert 0. Donovan, question of prayer and Bible reading in The House of Representatives and the a director and past president of an or- June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18191 ganization to restore prayer and Bible Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish A national treasure is involved in the case reading to schools, which eloquently Commission, and every other scientific of the Barge Canal-The Oklawaha River, a. uniquely beautiful, semitropical stream, states the case. I bring this poem to the body which studied the canal and its ef­ one of the very few of its kind in the United attention of the Senate and ask unanim­ fects. States, which would be destroyed by con­ ous consent that it be printed in the Those warnings were specific and left struction of the Canal. Extensions of Remarks. no room for doubt. There being no objection, the poem As the Council on Environmental Now, there are those who will say the was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Quality put it: Federal Government has already invest­ as follows: ed $53 million in this proposed 185-mile This project could seriously affect the en­ ditch and, to keep that investment from PERPLEXED Is THE NATION WHOSE GOD CAN'T vironment in Florida by degrading water BE MENTIONED quality, altering the water supply in cen­ being wasted, should spend at least There's no "Lord's Prayer" in school, and no tral Florida, vitally affecting the fish and another $150 million to finish the canal. Bible allowed, wildlife of the area and combining what are That is a spurious argument and The Supreme Court once said it can't be; now separate ecological systems. everyone knows it. And the Congress for ten years has wrestled Potential pollution from the project may I am also opposed to the request, so of­ the case be tr.ansferred to the Florida aquifer, setting ten repeated, for another study on the off a destructive chain reaction affecting the canal. As a matter of no urgency. water supply for many users. Every Senator, and everyone in the House, I know of no other project in history Claims belief in a Being Supreme, But that was not all. CEQ also warned: which has been studied so much. First But they say, " ... with the conflicts Ameri­ The Canal could add to the spread of pests suggested back in 1836, the concept of a cans face, from the Gulf to the Atlantic Coast where canal across Florida was studied eight Any worship in public's extreme." they would spread virtually unobstructed times prior to 1930 and heaven only throughout the East Coast Waterways. An Amendment-the First-in our great Bill knows how many times since. of Rights The U.S. Geological Survey studied the And practically every study said no, Constitutionally bans such, some say, canal and issued its own warnings of: the canal should not be built. Though the patriots who wrote it (some Potential aquifer contamination (and) Now, the canal's backers want a study died for their cause) pollution of canal waters (which) could af­ of alternative routes. But there is no Oft involved Divine aid in their day. fect estuarine waters and their ecologies. need for such a study. A 100-man U.S. Separation there should be between church Then there was the study by 126 Forest Service Task Force, in drawing and state, up the final environmental impact state­ On that nearly all will agree; Florida scientists who condemned the canal as "a classic example of the reck­ ment on the canal, looked at possible al­ But must we now bar all recognition of God ternative routes and said no. In this land of the brave and the free? less degradation of the natural environ­ ment," and the Florida Game and Fresh The Forest Service said in a study un­ Can't the Nation that first landed man on Water Fish Commission report which dertaken after the presidential order the moon, halting construction: With its God-given brains, in this day, warned that the Rodman Reservoir, a small part of the canal system, "created Many of the above environmental consider­ Find some path to a proper and just set of ations apply to the canal with the alterna­ words ecological problems almost beyond com­ tive routes as much as to the original canal To again permit pupils to pray? prehension." route: The dangers of pollution of surface Can't the Country whose founders were So, Mr. Speaker, it is obvious that the waters and consequent threat of pollution strong in their faith canal must be allowed to die. The Con­ to the aquifer apply to the canal with alter­ When revolting from tyranny's rule, gress must say once and for all that it native routes since the major areas of inter­ Find some legal solution this stalemate to will not support any project so obviously connection between the aquifer and the canal end detrimental to man's quest for the beau­ lie west of the proposed alternative routes, And return the Lord's Bible to school! in the parts of the canal where the route ties of nature and-more important-to would remain unchanged. ROBERT 0. DONOVAN. man's need for fresh, drinkable water. June 17, 1972. But even if that were not the case­ The Forest Service also emphasized: even if the canal could be considered Regardless of the route chosen, the canal solely on economic grounds-it would will provide a direct infestation route and THE CROSS-FLORIDA BARGE CANAL still be a tragic waste of the taxpayers' means of transport of potential pest MUST BE PUT TO REST PERMA­ money. organisms. NENTLY The Corps of Engineers says the canal So the dangers are still there, even if has a 1 to 1.4 cost-benefit ratio-but the canal is rerouted away from the HON. L. A. (SKIP) BAFALIS 24 (25) percent of the alleged benefits scenic Oklawaha. OF FLORIDA come in the form of recreation, accord­ But even more telling is the Forest ing to the Council on Environmental Service's concern that routing the canal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Quality. a few miles away from the scenic Okla­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Yet the Florida Game and Fresh waha River may not be enough to save Mr. BAFALIS. Mr. Speaker, in read­ Water Fish Commission, in a 1970 study the river itself. ing my statement in the CONGRESSIONAL challenged that, saying: The proposed bypass would protect the RECORD of May 29, concerning the Cross­ The previously assumed benefits from fish­ Oklawaha from direct physical damage- ing and hunting will not be realized Florida Barge Canal, I found four words throughout the project life of the Cross­ Said the Forest Service- which should be corrected. While these Florida Barge Canal. However, there may be indirect impacts words do not alter the validity of the from altered surface and subsurface water criticism of this canal in any way, I am In fact, the Council on Environmental levels or regimes. resubmitting this statement with the Quality said the long-term effect of the And, the Service added: corrections noted in italics and the orig­ canal: The canal, running parallel to the main inal word in parenthesis. I am also in­ "Should (would) . be replacement of the river course, will alter the sub-surface water cluding a bibliography of source material present desirable spor.t fishery by what are level which will have an effect upon the used in the preparation of this statement. largely trash fish, including gars, bowfin, vegetation and wildlife of the surrounding Mr. Speaker, 2 years ago, President shad and bullhead." area, including the river valley. Nixon made a decision which won unani­ If that is the case, and studies have Therefore, it is readily apparent that mous approval from conservationists and proven that it is, there can be no real the Cross-Florida Barge Canal is a bad environmental groups all across the Na­ defense of the Cross-Florida Barge Canal deal no matter where you put it. tion-he ordered a halt to construction on economic grounds. In fact, if it had not been for World of the reckless and extremely damaging That leaves us with no solid justifica­ War II and the desire to protect U.S. Cross-Florida Barge Canal. tion for the project. shipping from Nazi submarines, I doubt But there are those who refuse to ac­ On the other hand, there is more than that the canal would ever have been au­ cept that decision, who would have the enough justification for stopping it-and thorized by Congress. Congress ignore the dire warnings is­ not just for the reasons already outlined. The U-boat menace is gone. And in sued by the Council on Environmental As President Nixon stated in his Jan­ these days of missile-firing submarines, Quality, the U.S. Geological Survey, the uary 1971 order halting construction: a canal offers no real protection. 18192 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 ·so, where, I ask, where can you find ture, Appendix 1-14, Volume I, pages not In the section that follows is a sum­ justification for this ditch? numbered. mary of the issues which evoked strong (7) Florida Defenders of the Environment, There is none. And most people of Inc., Letter to the Governor of Florida from responses. The priority ranking section Florida realize that. an independent task force of 126 scientists of the questionnaire then follows, with They support the President's decision from Florida, May 3, 1971. complete questionnaire percentages af. to halt construction on this project. I terward. support that decision. I oppose the fur­ STRONG RESPONSES ther funding. There were nine of the 25 ''yes" or But most of all, I oppose these con­ LEGISLATIVE QUESTIONNAIRE "no" questions which indicated a strong tinued attempts to circumvent a well­ stand one way or the other. The nine thought-out and environmentally sound questions which brought a response of order to kill the canal. HON. J. J. PICKLE 60 percent or more are as follows: The only way to stop these efforts, OF TEXAS Do you favor the busing of schoolchil­ once and for all, is to withdraw Con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dren to achieve racial balance and equal gressional authorization for the canal. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 educational opportunities? No, 75 per­ Therefore, a week ago, I introduced cent. a bill H.R. 7904 to do just that. Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, earlier this session, I indicated in an extension that Should the Federal Government guar· Today, I am reintroducing that bill antee a minimum income of $2,400 per with 21 cosponsors--Representatives C. I planned to distribute questionnaires to all my constituents so that they might year to every family? No, 73 percent. W. "BILL" YOUNG, DANTE FASCELL, WIL­ Should the United States increase its LIAM LEHMAN, J . HERBERT BURKE, LOU speak out on a wide range of actions by an ever-expanding Federal Government. armament support to Israel over the cur­ FREY of Florida; JAMES ABDNOR, GLENN rent level? No, 72 percent. ANDERSON, LAMAR BAKER, JAMES CLEVE­ The returns of the survey have now been finally tabulated, and they indicate that Would you favor the creation of ana· LAND, THAD COCHRAN, PAUL CRONIN, JIM tiona! commission composed of business GROVER, RoBERT HANRAHAN, WILLIAM the people are indeed eager to partici­ pate in the democratic process. and labor leaders, as well as Members of KETCHUM, MATTHEW RINALDO, JOHN SAY­ Congress, to develop a system to avoid LOR, E. G. SHUSTER, GENE SNYDER, GERRY Though an average return on such a prolonged transportation strikes? Yes, STUDDS, GENE TAYLOR, and WILLIAM survey falls around 4 percent, nearly 15 68 percent. WALSH. percent of the electorate in my district Do you favor stronger antipollution Let me emphasize one thing: my pur­ have responded. The massive effort of laws? Yes, 67 percent. pose in so doing is not to do battle with tabulating more than 20,000 question­ Do you feel that your postal service has my distinguished colleagues from Flor­ naires has delayed the results, but I be­ worsened over the past few years? Yes, ida who, although a minority of the dele­ lieve the extra time has allowed me to 67 percent. gation, support this project. ascertain what my constituents think Do you think the Nation faces an They are men whose wisdom and judg­ about the key issues of today. energy crisis or a shortage of gas, coal, ment I admire and respect. I consider The survey indicates that they think or electricity? Yes, 65 percent. them my friends and I value their the Federal Government is spending too Handguns are used in assaults and rob· friendship highly. · much on nearly all its programs, both But this is an issue which I feel must beries more often than any other weap­ foreign and domestic. Nearly half of on. Should the Federal Government take . be resolved. those responding wanted the yearly steps to restrict the sale of handguns­ And I know of no better way to do this Federal budget held under $250 billion, Saturday night specials-and provide than to subject the Cross-Florida Barge if possible. Many commented that there tighter control of handguns? Yes, 63 Canal to a straight up-and-down vote should be better control of spending. percent. of the Congress. Domestically, the survey showed The high cost of auto insurance and Once the Congress has spoken, we can strong opposition to the guaranteed an­ the difficulty of obtaining adequate move on and consider legislation to give nual income. Increased foreign aid damage compensation affects every the Oklawaha River the "wild river" spending was also strongly opposed, with American who drives. Should Congress status recommended by the administra­ aid to North Vietnam receiving pro­ move toward establishing a national sys. tion. nounced disapproval. tern of no-fault insurance? Yes, 62 per­ The sources used in the preparation of Surprisingly, strong endorsement was cent. this statement were: given in both rural and urban areas to (1) Council on Environmental Quality, legislation controlling "Saturday night TABULATION OF PRIORITIES "Summary of Environmental Consideration special" handguns, and tougher pollu­ Involved in the Recommendation for Termi­ tion laws. A national commission for Percent listing nation of Construction of the Cross-Florida problem 1st preventing prolonged nationwide trans­ Rank priority Barge Canal," Appendix II to Final Environ­ portation strikes and a national no-fault mental Statement of t he US Forest Service; insurance system were also favored in page 10 and page 3 ln~a~ion,hvmg ___ _unemployment,______cost of _ the results. 35 (2) Council on Environmental Quality, Of­ Air and water pollution, environ- ficial Memo from Russell Train, Chairman Three-quarters of those returning ment______------__ 2 21 of the CEQ, to Mr. Whitaker of the White questionnaires opposed busing school­ Conquering killer diseases ______3 11 Education ______------___ _ 4 10 House Sta:ff, undated (this memo led to the children to achieve racial balance and Hunger and malnutrition ______President's order to halt construction on the 5 6 equal educational opportunity, and Organized crime _------______6 5 Canal in January, 1971) nearly that many thought their postal Narcotics traffic and addition ______7 4 (3) Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Highway safety and construction ___ _ 8 2 Commission, "Brie! Assessment of the Eco­ service had declined in recent years. And Expanded job training for the un- logical Impact of the Barge Canal," an ad­ even in March, when the questionnaire 9 2 Ra~~r~0i~~fm inatioii ~~======10 1 dendum to the November, 1969 report, dated was distributed, more than 60 percent Housing ___ ------11 1 March, 1970; page 8 of my constituents foresaw shortages Space program __ ------­ 12 1 (4) Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Transportation in cities and suburbs. 13 1 in gas, coal, and electricity. Foreign assistance ___ __------14 commission, "Recommendations for Altera­ A survey section which allowed prior­ tion and Future Use of the Cross-Florida Barge Canal Facilities," March 1, 1971; page 3. ity ranking of important issues indi­ FINAL TALLY: LEGISLATIVE QUESTIONNAIBE cated that inflation, unemployment, and (5) U.S. Forest Service, "Response to the 1. The Administration is proposing the Comments from the Florida Canal Authority," the cost of living posed the most press­ "rebullding" of North Viet Nam. What Final Environmental Impact Statement is­ ing problem. Environmental protection amount of American resources should be sued by the Department of Agriculture, Jan­ ranked a close second, with the survey allocated? uary 16, 1973; pages 333-334 showing urban transportation and for­ Percent (6) U.S. Geological Survey, Memorandum eign aid as the lowest priorities.· a. Less than $1 billion______21 t o Russell Train, Chairman of the CEQ, from The results of this survey have been b. No more than $5 blll1on totat______8 Mr. W. Pecora, Director of the Geological Sur­ c. Nothing at alL------59 vey on the "Potent ial Impact of the Cross­ interesting and informative to me. I d. Whatever it takes to complete the job_ 9 Florida. Barge Canal on Water Resources,'' want to share them with my colleagues 2. This year the Federal Government is February 24, 1971, Final Environmental Im­ and hope that the survey might assist spending about $84 billion on national de· pact Statement, US Department of Agricul- other Members of the House. fense. Should the budget for next year be: June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18193

a. Increased ------13 a. By a national sales tax (value-added a. Hold down price increases?______26 b. Remain the same______35 tax) on most things you buy______13 b. Hold down wage increases______50 b. By increasing the present federal in­ ~. Reduced ------50 6. What budget items should be cut? 3. If your "buying power" has decreased come tax rates______5 c. By reforming the federal tax system to a. Defense ------31 during the last year, which of the following b. Human resources______6 factors contributed most to this situation? do away with the direct and indirect special tax treatment granted to c. Social assistance______S1 a. Unemployment ------20 b. Reduced income______4 individuals, businesses, and indus- d. All categories------32 ~. Higher prices______39 tries ------66 7. What do you think the Federal Budget d. Rising prices______58 d. By a national lottery______17 should be? 4. If the Federal Government has to raise 5. Do you believe the Administr·ation's a. Below $250 billion______45 money to meet the needs of the nation, how economic policy (Price Control Commission) b. Below $300 blllion______16 should it be done? to combat intl~tion is working to: c. Below $275 billion______20

Yes No Undecided Yes No Undecided

8. Would you favorthe creation of a national commission composed 19. As a means of providing mothers with an opportunity to be self- of business and labor leaders, as well as Members of Con- supporting, do you favor the proposal that the Federal Govern- gress, to develop a system to avoid prolonged transportation ment fund day care and child development programs for strikes? __------______------68 18 14 preschool and school-age children? ______45 43 12 9. Do you favor the Government's taking over the operation of the 20. Do you favor the busing of schoolchildren to achieve racial bal- Penn Central Railroad? ______------______24 57 19 ance and equal educational opportunities? ______18 75 7 10. The high cost of auto insurance and the difficul~ of obtaining 21. Health care costs have increased dramatically in recent years to adequate damage compensation affects every merican who the level where paying for adequate health care is beyond the drives. Should Congress move toward establishing a national reach of many fteople. Should the Federal Government provide system of "nofault" auto insurance? ------62 23 15 a national heath program to coverall Americans? ______49 36 15 11. Because of present economic conditions, it has been proposed 22. Do you favor continuation of the draft after its proposed expira- that the U.S. significantly modity its trade policy dating back tion date of June 1973?______37 51 12 to the 1930's by relying on automatic quotas rather than 23. Do you feel that our present laws and practices discriminate tariffs to restrain foreign imports. Do you favor such a unfairly against women, particularly in employment? __------38 52 10 proposal? ______------______------33 29 38 24. Should the United States increase its armament support to Israel 12. Should the Federal Government guarantee a minimum income of over the current level? ______------______-- _- --- 13 72 15 $2 ,400 per year to every family?______21 73 6 25. Do you favor a new law to ease court restrictions on wiretapping? _ 40 50 10 13. Should the minimum wage be increased up to $2 or $2.25 per 26. Do you favor stronger antipollution laws? ______67 19 1' hour? _____ ------42 48 10 27. Doinflation? you think __ _the__ _Federal______Government's______budget______is_____ the _cause______of__ 14. Should the Federal Government substantially increase funds in 48 30 22 support of public schools?. •. ~------·- - 51 43 28. Do you think the Nation faces an energy crisis or a shortage of 15. Should parents of students attending parochial and private gas, coal, or electricity? ______-- ______65 22 13 schools be permitted to deduct tuition from their income tax 29. Should the President be able to impound funds which have been payment? ______---- 38 55 6 legall~ appropriated by Congress? ______31 56 13 16. Are you or a member of your family personally afraid of crime 30. Is deva uation of the American dollar abroad a desirable step in your area? ______------______41 54 toward fiscal responsibility? ______---- __ __ -- __ ------_ 3Q 33 37 17. Handguns are used in assaults and robberies more often than 31. Do you feel that your postal service has worsened over the past any other weapon. Shoulcithe.F.ederal Government take steps few years? ______------___ -_-- _ 67 25 8 to restrict the sale of handguns (Saturday night specials) and 32. The Federal deficit was about $90,000,000,000 during the past 4 provide tighter control of handguns?______63 31 years Do you think revenue-shanng instead of Federal grants 18. Do you think a Federal law should be enacted to provide finan- will decrease this amount? ...... ------25 33 4 cial compensation for innocent victims of crime? ______46 38 13

YOUTH REDEMPTION MINISTRY through the foresight of Rev. Kenneth Haney, eral repair and upkeep of the grounds by the PROGRAM the International Youth President. The cen­ students under staff supervision. ter will grapple with the spiritual, moral, and All these different areas of training will physical problems of drug-oriented and drug enable these young men to take up a useful, HON. WILLIAM H. HUDNUT III addicted youth. productive place in the church and society. The Training Center is located on an ex­ OF INDIANA Nike Hercules missile base near the Nebras­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES kan hamlet of Martell. The sturdy, well-kept, Tuesday, June 5, 1973 white block structures rest atop a verdunt, LINCOLN CHOIR grassy knoll that commands the view of the Mr. HUDNUT. Mr. Speaker, our guest rolling farm land. With dormitory facilities chaplain today, the Reverend Nathaniel adequate for one hundred twenty-five young HON. JOSHUA EILBERG A. Urshan, pastor of the Calvary Taber­ men, the seventeen acre site offers pleasant as OF PENNSYLVANIA nacle Church in Indianapolis, and assist­ well as functional surroundings for training. ant general superintendent of the United The main thrust of the Youth Redemption IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Center is to fill the spiritual vacuum, which Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Pentecostal Church International, a cler­ is the prime contributing factor to drug ad­ ical colleague of mine in former days, diction. Each day the students start by at­ Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, it is my and good friend and constituent, has tending Chapel. The day is ended on a de­ pleasure to announce that the chamber an outstanding record of putting his re­ votional level with vespers, an informal scrip­ choir of Abraham Lincoln High School, ligious faith to work helping people. ture study, and a devotional period which em­ which is located in my northeast Phila­ Not only is he the host pastor of the phasizes but does not replace the student's delphia district, is planning to tour radio program "Harvestime," which is own personal devotional periods. While the main goal of Youth Redemption Europe this summer, and present con­ broadcast weekly over 275 stations world­ is grounding converts in the knowledge and certs in Vienna, Budapest, and Prague. wide, he also is the guidi:tJ,g spirit behind love of the Lord, the wisdom of the Board of Under the talented and inspirational the youth redemption center program Directors recognized the need and prompted leadership of Mr. Jay Braman, the choir in Indianapolis, working with drug ad­ the establishment of classes for training in has become one of the 15 outstanding dicts and young people with drug prob­ the basics of some skilled trade. For example, high school choirs in the United States, lems. training in basic machine shop techniques according to the National Educational As a member of the national board through lathe, drill press and mill operation Scholarship Foundation, which is orga­ of directors of this program, under the will be taught along with blue print reading and micrometer usage. In addition, practice nizing the tour. Considering that the sponsorship of the United Pentecostal and theory of printing on a 1250 Multilith chamber choir was organized only a few Church, of which the Reverend Allan press and Challenger letter press will also be years ago, this is a remarkable achieve­ Oggs is the National Youth Redemption taught along with related printing skills. ment, and a tribute to the group's musi­ Ministry representative, Rev. Urshan has In the future, general light truck farming cal excellence and dedication. shared with me a description of this and farm equipment operation will provide However, the special circumstances of very beneficial program. Thinking it the Center with fresh vegetables and perhaps the choir's preparations make their home grown beef while engaging the students might be of interest to my colleagues in in healthful out-of-doors work. achievement even more admirable. This the Congress. I am pleased to insert it in oooKmg, nyg1ene, and baste nutrition winter, the Philadelphia School District the RECORD: awareness will be taught also to those wishing suffered the second longest school strike THE NATIONAL YOUTH REDEMPTION CENTER to be more self-sufficient and knowledgeable in the Nation's history. The strike de­ The National Youth Redemption Center is in these areas. prived the choir of its regular 7:30 a.m. a non-profit corporation aftl.liated with the Along with these more academic classes, re­ meeting time, its meeting room, and of United Pentecostal Church. It was born sponsibility will be learned through the gen- the lines of communication through the 18194 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 school with the community for the pur­ Annapolis man, I am well aware of what HEARINGS ON CHANGES IN pose of publicity and fundraising. In discipline means. If this new law goes into AMATEUR SPORTS effect I oan assure you that when a few such adverse circumstances, however, the of them are incarcerated, their friends will diligent shine, and lack of facilities could think twice before using a gun. not keep the choir from its first love, HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN making music, nor from its goal, the In answer to this registration, I should like OF MARYLAND to ask those proponents what good it would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES European tour. be to register my many shotguns and rifles The young men and women rehearsed as a crime deterrent. I can proudly state that Tuesday, June 5, 1973 in neighborhood churches and in each at age 65 I have never had so much as a traffic ticket. Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, on May 22, other's homes; outside the supportive in­ the Senate Commerce Committee began fluence of the school's routine, they be­ What we need is more judges with a back­ bone and if they don't have it, maybe 'Jon­ hearings on four bills which could sub­ came stronger, when the less diligent may gress should give them what they fail to stantially change the way amateur sports have wavered. recognize as their duty. are run. Because of the lack of school funds, Respectfully submitted, One of the witnesses testifying before the choir has also done its own fundrais­ 0. S. LUCKENBACH, this committee, was a friend of mine, ing for the 14-day trip. There have County J'Udge. Tom McMillan, an All-American basket­ been spaghetti dinners, raffles, bake sales, ball player from the University of Mary­ and, of course, concerts before various land and a member of the U.S. Olympic community groups. basketball team in Munich. Tom's testi­ Significantly, the choir has learned "THE BIBLE BACK IN OUR mony gives the thrust of the problem that, at times, not even considerable SCHOOLS" facing our young amateur athletes today musical talent is enough to achieve its and I feel it deserves the attention of my goals. Certainly their work outside the colleagues: choir room has been essential to their HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL TESTIMONY OF TOM McMILLAN success. The Lincoln choir's effort should OF VmGINIA Senator Tunney, distinguished Senators: serve as an example to artists and young IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES My name is Tom McMillan and I can prob­ people throughout the United States and ably relate to you an example of both the should also serve as an example to adults Tuesday, June 5, 1973 best and worst of what exists in today's as we evaluate this generation. Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. collegiate and amateur sports activities. I Mr. Speaker, I wish to congratulate am at the present time a junior at the Uni­ Speaker, I should like to call the atten­ versity of Maryland. the choir on its achievements and wish tion of my colleagues to a brief poem, Three years ago I was fortunate enough them good fortune on what I am certain written by Mr. Robert 0. Donovan of to be one of the most sought after high will be an exciting and successful jour­ Honolulu, Hawaii, whose book, "The school basketball players in the United ney. Bible Back in Our Schools," was made States. I was exposed to commercial recruit­ available recently to every Member of ing as much as anyone. I am a basketball both House and Senate. player. The story of my recruiting was told in Sports Illustrated as well as other nation­ A JUDGE URGES REALISTIC PUNISH­ Mr. Donovan, who is a strong advocate al publications. I was also fortunate enough MENT FOR CRIMINALS USING of the restoration of the right to pray to be prepared for it all by enlightened par­ WEAPONS TO COMMIT CRIMES to youngsters in our Nation's public ents and a brother who had gone through a schools, felt that publication of his poem similar recruiting experience. might call additional attention to this I have represented my country at national HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES important subject, and, as I agree with and international tournaments throughout the world. If I wanted to at this point, OF FLORIDA him, I insert it at this point in the RECORD: I could go to China, tour the Far East, travel IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to Europe or I could compete for the up­ [From "The Bible Back in Our Schools") Tuesday, June 5, 1973 coming University World Games in Moscow (By Robert 0. Donovan) in August. Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, it is hearten­ PERPLEXED IS THE NATION WHOSE GOD CAN'T I was a member of the United States bas­ ing when a jurist speaks out emphatically BE MENTIONED! ketball team during the Olympic games last for strict handling of criminal cases in There's no "Lord's Prayer" in school, and no summer. I can tell you first hand what it is the courts. I am impressed with a letter Bible allowed, like to be on a team that had less than a written to the Chicago Tribune by Judge The Supreme Court once said it can't be; month to play and practice together. Ours And the Congress too long now has wrestled was a young team that averaged 20.6 years 0. S. Luckenbach, county judge of of age competing against the strongest team Shawano-Menominee County Court, the case As a matter of no urgency. the Soviet Union could bring to the Olympic Shawano, Wis. I submit Judge Lucken­ Games, several members of which had par­ bach's letter for reprinting in the Every Senator, and everyone in the House, ticipated in three previous Olympics. Their RECORD: Claims belief in a Being Supreme, youngest player was 21 years old. SHAWANO, WIS., But they say, " ... with the conflicts Ameri­ As a member of the President's Council February 28, 1973. cans face, on Physical Fitness and Sports, I have an­ THE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE, Any worship in public's extreme." other view of sports and fitness in America. Chicago Tribune, An Amendment-the first-in our great Bill I can testify to sports justice and injustice. Chicago, Ill. of Rights I can make comments about the NCAA, the GENTLEMEN: There has been so much writ­ Constitutionally bans such, some say, AAU. I can testify to the lack of representa­ ten a,bout registration of guns that from a Though the patriots who wrote it (some died tion on major governing boards by athletes prnctical standpoint I feel obliged to answer for their cause) who seldom cont"rol their own destiny. some of the arguments, both pro and con. Oft invoked Divine aid in their day. I can testify about the quagmire of rules I know with pleasure, that there is a bill and regulations which plague the athletes. introduced in the Senate, No. 576, introduced Separation there should be between church Too often the athletes are the victims of by Senator Dominick and others. and state, inequitable restrictions. For the first time, they have seized on the On that nearly all will agree; Unless the trend is reversed we will soon real issue. Thirs bill provides for a mandatory But must we now bar all recognition of God see sports decisions made in conference prison term when the cr·lme is committed In this land of the brave and the free? rooms, not on the playing field. Three ex­ with the use of a firearm. Perhaps it should Can't the Nation that first landed man on amples would be the Olympic basketball have included a knife. the moon, fiasco; the squabbling over Bill Walton and Being an oldtimer, and having been in With its God-given brains, in this day, others playing the Russian rematch this past many a criminal case in my day, I can tell you Find some path to a proper and just set of spring, and the loss of Rick DeMont's Olym­ that whenever a suspect is interviewed at words pic medal. the jail his last question is-"Do you think To again permit pupils to pray? If you happen to be 6'-10", it is pretty I can get p·robation?" easy for sports to find you. If you happen to To me, that's the re?al crux of the situa­ Can't the Country whose founders were run faster than anybody else, sooner or tion and seeing as how I am in my last term strong in their faith later somebody will find you. Same thing for as a Judge, I can feel free to state my honest When revolting from tyranny's rule, stars in the entire sports world. Superstars opinion. Frankly, there are too many Find some legal solution this stalemate to somehow get discovered. I have had all the "Marshmallow Judges" that think everything end privileges come my way. What I would like can be cured by probation. Being an ex- And return the Lord's Bible to School! to see happen is for every American to be June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18195 given the opportunty to participate in every his honesty and faithful stewardship were pected to open up a new range of possi­ sport to the utmost of his or her ability, not never in question. Nor did his warmth and bilities for resource monitoring. just on natural ability but to their coached friendly manner, so characteristic of his per­ "Where ERTS can differentiate between a and trained ability for all the years of their son, ever vary. He was a good man, a good city and a forest," NASA's Alan Watkins il­ life. That is why I believe in the Gravel­ citizen, and a good friend whose own friends lustrates, "we hope. the earth-resources Thurmond Bill. were numberless. package will enable us to tell, say, whether In most countries of the world, they have an urban area is predominantly single­ come to realize that there is a direct correla­ family or multiple-unit dwellings. This can tion between physical well-being; mental and ORBITING LABS TO SCAN EARTH'S be very useful for urban planners." moral well-being and the country's national RESOURCES FROM SPACE There are two microwave channels on approach to recognizing how physical activ­ Skylab that will look right through clouds ity can infiuence the former. Any student of and penetrate to varying depths below the totalitarian governments knows that one of HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE earth's surface. Experimenters hope to gather the first moves made by the government is OF TEXAS information about soil type and wetness, an opening and exposing to all of their peo­ snow cover, and related conditions. ples of a formalized athletic program. They IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Over the ocean, these microwave sensors do this because of the sense of pride that Tuesday, June 5, 1973 can determine the speed on the surface of it instills as well as a sense of total well­ the water by the reflection pattern of tiny being that it brings towards the populace. Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, wind-ripples. If any large storms or hurri­ It is not too late for this country to inau­ each day the availability of natural re­ cane move into Skylab's path, they will be­ gurate the kinds of programs that we see sources for the well-being of the people come "targets of opportunity" and the as­ operating in many countries of the world. We of our . country and the world declines. tronaut crew will zero in on them, according may be too passive and self-satisfied by Our national space program represents to NASA officials. watching, rather than participating. We must an opportunity to help survey, identify, Also on board will be an instrument called begin to work with, and to guide our people and conserve these most important re­ a spectral scanner. It is similar to what into physical culture. A National Sports sources. As our astronauts prepare and chemists use to determine the makeup of Foundation would work whether the people unknown substances or that astronomers are located in retirement communities, on conduct the recovery of the Skylab mis­ attach to their telescopes to determine the city streets, or on country playing fields. sion it is important to note that a major chemistry of stars. Focusing it on earth Americans can experience a new sense of set of experiments on the Skylab includes should fingerprint specific types of vegeta­ well-being by playing the game to the best Earth resources survey equipment. tion and help assess the health of orchards of their ability. Whether it be bowling, bas­ Mr. David F. Salisbury, staff writer for and fields from 270 miles above, NASA says. ketball, shuffle-board or shotput, ping-pong or in a swimming pool, the American people the Christian Science Monitor, includes NEW APPLICATIONS SOUGHT can benefit immeasurably from the individ­ a most informative article on Earth re­ NASA-sponsored e~erimenters will at­ ual growth of its citizenry,in physical well­ sources survey experiments in Skylab in tempt to explof.t these new capabilities. How being. the Saturday, May 5, 197.3, edition of the well do they do wh81t they are supposed to? I am not concerned of how the NSDF will Christian Science Monitor. This article What specific applications will they have? help the Olympic athlete, but what I am describes in some depth the value of What is the most usa.ble form for the infor­ concerned about is how the National Sports Earth resources surveys and their signifi­ mrution to be in? Development Fo1;1ndation will help to further cance to all people of the world. The ar­ One problem that has nagged the develop­ the American ideal and allow every American, ers of remote sensing is the "ground truth" regardless of where he comes from, or what ticle follows: of their data. If an outline shows up on a he may be, to learn to play his game as well ORBITING LABS To SCAN EARTH'S RESOURCES satellite photo, does it exist on the ground as he can. FROM SPACE: SENSORS MONITOR ABOVE, or is it some illusion caused by a combina­ Thank you again for allowing me this op­ BELOW GROUND tion of light and atmospheric conditions? portunity to express my hope that this leg­ (By David F. Salisbury) The earth-resources package includes a islation will be enacted. BosToN .-step by step, the United States major assault on this question. As Skylab is heading toward a system that will monitor passes over designated areas, a whole host earth's resources from space·. will be inspecting, measuring, and photo­ ELTING CHAPMAN The next step will be an earth-resources graphing that same location from the ground package mounted on Skylab-the National up. And besides this, there will be instru­ Aeronautics and Space Administration man­ ments on board the space laboratory whose HON. EDWARD YOUNG ned space laboratory due to launch May 14. purpose is to document the condition of the Following on the heels of the highly suc­ atmosphere so that its effects on remote OF SOUTH CAROLINA sensing can be better understood. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cessful Earth Resources Technology Sate111te (ERT8-1), NASA officials say, the Skylab ex­ LIKE BEING IN DESERT Tuesday, June 5, 1973 periments will test the capabilities and limi­ Dallas Evans, one of the principle investi­ tations of extremely sophisticated remote gators, explained his feelings about the Sky­ Mr. YOUNG of South Carolina. Mr. sensing devices. lab project and remote sensing in general: Speaker, for 40 years the citizens of Flor­ A comparison of ERTS and Skylab results "If you find yourself caught in the middle ence County, S.C. were privileged to have will help determine the best design for a fu­ of the desert, what's the first thing you do? Elting L. Chapman serve as county treas­ ture satellite earth-monitoring system. If Y:ou si,t down and take stock of what you urer. He was a man of great integrity and present plans work out, officials say that have and then figure out what's the best way character, and we extend our deepest may be as early as 1978. to use it." sympathy to all his wonderful family on After roughly one year of operation, To Mr. Evans facing the future, with its his recent passing. ERTS-1 has demonstrated that many earth­ forecast population explosion and projected features can be identified and inventoried energy and mineral shortages, is like being The Florence Morning News of May 27 more economically from a satellite than lost in the desert. Satellite remote sensing is printed a very fine editorial tribute to from the ground. It can tell crops and forests a practical way to find out what we have so this dedicated public servant. I wish to and cities apart. It can identify areas where th&t we can plan how best to use it. join in this tribute to my friend, Elting minerals and water are likely to be found. Skyla;b's resource-sensing package should Chapman: It can detect some forms of air and water help engineers find the best, the most eco­ ELTING CHAPMAN pollution. nomical, way of doing this remote survey­ Almost 40 years as Florence County treas­ MORE CHANNELS NEEDED ing routinely. How to get people to use it urer was the record of Elting L. Chapman Yet space officials view this satellite as a once it's built will be an entirely different who died last Thursday at the age of 78. relatively crude device. They say it looks problem. He had been in retirement from his four down on the earth with only four "eyes"­ decades 815 the county's chief financial offi­ channels that each view the world through cer only since last year. only a narrow band of the total spectrum­ A life-long resident of Florence County, two in a visible light range and two in the TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE OR­ his birth year was only five years after the infrared. GANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNITY formation of the county from portions of Skylab, by comparison, is designed to the neighboring counties of Darlington, Mar­ scrutinize chosen areas with six different ion and Wllliamsburg. In 1933, when in his sensors with as many as 13 different chan­ HON. GUY VANDER JAGT early 30s, he became the county's seventh nels. In the 25 hours that it will operate, OF MICHIGAN treasurer and served in that capacity long­ space officials say, the earth-resources pack.; er than any man before him, and 15 years age will gather a staggering amount of in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES longer than his immediate predecessor whose formation and store it on film and magnetic Tuesday, June 5, 1973 period of service was second in length to tape to be brought back at the end of each Chapman's. mission by the astronauts. Mr. VANDER JAGT. Mr. Speaker, the During the full length of years in office, The complex sensors on Skylab are ex- lOth anniversay of the Organization of 18196 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1.973 African Unity was celebrated in Wash­ gratulations on past accomplishments and to strength becoming more influential both ington May 25 at a reception in the Em­ our very best wishes for the future. at home and abroad. Sincerely, As we enter the second decade of our Orga­ bassy of Morocco. RICHARD NIXON, nization, we, the African Ambassadors to The host was Moroccan Ambassador Washington would like to note with appre­ Badreddine Senoussi, who spoke in be­ ciation the warm friendship which the half of King Hassan I, the outgoing PREPARED REMARKS OF MOROCCAN AMBASSADOR African Continent has in the past enjoyed President of the OAU. The U.S. Govern­ BADREDDINE SENOUSSI from the people of America. We recognize ment was represented by Acting Secre­ On behalf of the African Ambassadors to the f•act that in 1961, the United States Con­ tary of State Kenneth Rush and David Washington, I have the pleasure to welcome gress passed a resolution authorising the you to this reception and to thank you for celebration of Africa Day on April 16th of B. Newsom, Assistant Secretary of State celebrating with us the tenth anniversary of that year. The meaning of such move is of for African Affairs. the Organization of African Unity. great significance in the relationship be­ The OAU, at its founding 10 years ago, Ten years ago this day, thirty-two African tween the people of the United States and was welcomed by the United States with heads of state and government of independ­ the peoples of Africa. Among other things, high hopes. Its goals of a united, peace­ ent Africa met in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and it demonstrated the recognition and sup­ ful, and developing Africa certainly were signed the historic charter of the Organiza­ port which the people of the United States in the interests of the United States and tion of African Unity, pledging to strive for of America have for the peoples of Africa. the unity and solidarity of the African peo­ Today we believe that there is need for the international community. ples, the preservation of the dignity of its such understanding, sympathy and recogni­ The establishment of an ad hoc com­ nations and the freedom of its sons and tion as demonstrated by that legislative mittee a few days ago at the OAU sum­ daughters stm being suppressed and humut­ body in 1961, to be renewed and re-empha­ mit conference to mediate the border ated by die-hard colonialists and the mon­ sised by this same body which symbolises dispute between Somalia. and Ethiopia. strous perpetrators of apartheid. the justice and freedom of the American reminds us of the organization's active Today we look back through all these years people. efforts to find peaceful solutions to of the existence of the OAU and we are Africa needs the support of the people of thorny controversies involving African proud to say that despite all speculations and the United States in its struggle for free­ machin'8Jtions by its enemies, the OAU has dom and economic independence. This fact states. survived and grown, consisting now of 41 we cannot over-emphasise knowing the The OAU's peacekeeping efforts are members, renewed with the strength of unity strength and amplitude of the American na­ impressive, but they are not the whole and common determination to prom·>te the tion and the influence it wields in the world story. The OAU also has proven invalu­ ca. use of Africa. of today. We, therefore, look forward to a able as a focal point, initiator and coor­ Since its inception, the OAU has been play­ bright future of better understanding and dinator for a wide variety of construc­ ing a significant role in world polltics, greatly cooperation between the two great Con­ assisting world bodies make useful decisions tinents. tive efforts to solve common African on African matters. problems in the economic, social, legal, We would also Uke to thank all our friends Among its members, not only does the from other parU3 of the world who have, and educational spheres. OAU support O.A.U. serve to promote trade and research, in one way or another, helped our Organiza­ for Africa's regional economic groupings it also strengthens cultural bonds between tion to prosper. We look forw·ard to the full has helped weave an i::J.terlocking web them and provides the interaction necessary cooperation and assistance from all the peo­ which promises to link effectively the for economic and social progress. ples of the world in our effort to bring out various countries and regions of the con­ This is why, in relating the achievements the full greatness of Africa. of the O.A.U. during the first decade, we re­ Long live the Organization of African tinent. call, among others, the Pan-African Cultural I believe that the hopes the United Unity! Festival organised in Algiers in 1969, which Long live the Freedom of the peoples of States held for the OAU in 1963 have helped greatly to project the African culture Africa! been more than satisfied. We find that to the outside world and also to reveal new Long live the Prosperity of the peoples of the OAU has proven itself to be a real­ facets to the Africans themselves. Africa! istic African response to Africa's need We also recall with pride the first All Africa Trade Fair held in Nairobi, Kenya last year REMARKS OF ACTING SECRETARY OF STATE KEN­ for cooperative action. through which many foreign businessmen Mr. Speaker, President Nixon, contin­ NETH RUSH OAU ANNIVERSARY RECEPTION, came to realise Africa's great economic po­ MOROCCAN EMBASSY, May 25, 1973 uing a tradition of American Presidents, terutial. sent a congratulatory message to Afri­ The O.A.U. also serves as a forum for the Ambassador Senoussi, Your Excellencies, can chiefs of state and government at settlement of disputes in a spirit of recon­ Ladies and Gentlemen: The first ten years their summit conference last week in ciliation and solidarity, without outside in­ for any organization with aims as ambitious Addis Ababa. terference. So successful has it been in this as those of the Organization of African Unity, that the Secretary-General of the United are bound to be years of challenge. Tonight, Mr. Speaker, I include the President's Nations, Mr. Kurt Waldheim, referred to the on the Tenth Anniversary of the OAU, we pay message and the remarks of Ambassador Organization as "the United Nations' best a fitting tribute to a major regional orga­ Sencussi and Deputy Secretary Rush at ally for the maintenance of interns.tional nization which, in dealing effectively with the Moroccan Embassy at this point in peace and security on the African Con­ diverse problems and proving its capacity to the RECORD: tinent". act as arbiter and spokesman for the African PRESIDENT NIXON SENDS MESSAGE TO OAU Peace cannot be achieved however, while continent, has risen to the challenge. In SUMMIT PARLEY unnecessary suppression persists in the Con­ adhering steadfastly to the principles of !ts tinent. Therefore, at the summit meeting of Charter-territorial integrity, national sov­ Presiderut Nixon, has sent a message to the O.A.U. in Rabat last year, it was resolved ereignty, peaceful settlement of disputes, and African leaders assembled in Addis Ababa that this should be the year of liberation for economic and social progress-the OAU has to mark the tenth anniversary of the found­ those countries still oppressed by foreign become the focal potrut for Africa's collective ing of the Organization of African Unity. domination. The dignity and freedom for all endeavors to satisfy the just aspirations of The message was addressed to King Hassan people as expressed in the Charter of the its peoples. For its accomplishments, the of Morocco, retiring President of the OAU. United Nations and the inevitable declara­ member states can be justly proud of their Following is the text of the Presldenrt' mes­ tion of the rights of man, must be achieved. organization, and enter upon its second de­ sage: The struggle for freedom in Africa is a proc­ cade with growing confidence in achieving Your Majesty: To the distinguished lead­ ess to which all independent nations in the worthy ideals and goals that inspired ers of Africa assembled in Addis Ababa to Africa are totally committed. them at its founding. observe the tenth annive:Ma.ry of the Orga­ In this connection, we are proud of the We share with the nations of Africa a com­ nization of African Unity, I extend my warm OAU's continued financia.l, material and dip­ mon hope for justice, dignity, and progress. personal greetings and best wishes of the lomwtic support to the libemtion move­ In th·e short but eventful decade since they American people on this occasion. The Unit­ ments in Africa and of the active way in created the Organi~ation of African Unity ed States has followed closely and with deep which it has kept alive world interest in the as their common instrument to g1ve greater admiration the accomplishments of the Or­ struggle for a total liberation of the con­ substance to these hopes, we in the United ganization of African Unity in promoting tinent. States have come to place increasing value peace and progress on that continent. We We are also proud of the O.A.U.'s full sup­ on our relations with the OAU and its mem­ port given to any African country which is bers-both collectively and individually. The share your aspirations for the progress and the victim of outside aggression. OAU has laid foundations !or cooperative development of Africa and for the dignity Excellencies, distinguished guests, in ten endeavors in a growing number of scientific, and well-being of all African peoples. We look years we have demonstrated to the world technical, economic and social fields. The forward to a continuing close relationship the political maturity of the African lead­ United States particularly welcomes the op­ between the United States and the countries ers and their capability to decided their own portunity of contributing to economic de­ of your continent. To all member nations affairs, by the very fact that today, the velopment through close ties with its mem­ and their leaders, we ex.tend our warm con- O.A.U. still lives and is growing from strength bers in the fields of aid, trade, and invest- June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18197 ment. We 9.l'e ready to shaore with you the eluding coal gasification, shale oil, geo­ more and more are questioning the funda­ benefits of technology and to assist, on thermal resources, hydroelectric power, mental immorality of these armed confronta­ mutually agreed terms, in realizing the vast In tions. potential of your rich continent. Together and coal liquefaction. my view, we For many-and for good reason-war is we can continue to work for an international must be self-sufficient or well on our wasteful and destructive. It rarely resolves climate in which the world's energies and way to self-sufficiency in order to avoid ideological or national differences in affirma­ resources are mobilized for peaceful and blackmail by petroleum-producing coun­ tive, long-lasting terms. productive pursuits. The United States will tries. And one need turn no farther back in his­ remain responsive, in a spirit of mutual co­ This bill is identical to the legislation tory than the immediacy of our involvement operation, to all who seek with us a more introduced in the Sena;te by Senator in Vietnam, a long, indecisive, costly and un­ secure and rewarding future. popular conflict that is still being waged in HENRY JACKSON, WhO has distinguished Cambodia, Laos, and South Vietnam despite himself by his interest and creative ef­ ceasefire truce signed last January. forts at solving the energy crisis before It is a war that has divided our nation, it is too late. leaving lasting, residual bitter imprints: The ENERGY CRISIS casualties, the dead and maimed, the stag­ gering drain on our resources that has left HON. OGDEN R. REID an unstable economy in its wake, the dark MEMORIAL DAY memories of those whose loved ones have OF NEW YORK either been killed or are still missing. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There are still more than 1,300 American Tuesday, June 5, 1973 HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. servicemen listed as missing in Southeast OF NEW JERSEY Asia. For the families of these men, the war Mr. REID. Mr. Speaker, I am intro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES remains an unremitting ordeal of uncertain­ ducing today a comprehensive bill to ty a.nd doubt. And for them, too, this Memo­ establish a national program for re­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 rial Day has a special poignance, a personal grief that should be shared by millions of search, development, and demonstration Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, Memorial Americans on this day for remembering the projects in fuels and energy, and to Day has been celebrate 1. The parades, men who have died in all of the wars Jn authorize Federal support for these pro­ the speeches, the prayers of last Monday which this country has engaged. grams. have ended. The flowers and wreaths laid This Nation is in vital need of a high­ on our soldiers' graves have surely wilt­ We must, therefore, not be content priority program to tackle what I believe ed, and even the sunshine of this past with merely eloquent addresses delivered 1s a critical energy shortage. Unfortu­ weekend has erased the memory of May once a year in behalf of our brave and nately, there has been virtually no lead­ 28's cold rain. Yet, the hardships ex­ courageous soldiers. We must not let this ership either in Washington or else­ perienced by our veterans and their fam­ holiday become only a time of remem­ where in this country urging the devel­ ilies, and particularly those soldiers who brance and memorializing. A great deal opment of resources adequate to our were involved in the Vietnam conflict, remains to be done and action must be­ needs. We now face, for instance, an oil remain. The following editorial from the gin immediately. reserve of only 5 days, while many lesser Star-Ledger of Newark, N.J., perhaps A rundown of E.gures from the Bureau countries have 100-day reserves. Clearly best captures the gravity of this situa­ of Labor Statistics reveals, for example, it 1s time for action. that in February, unemployment among tion: veterans 20 to 24 years old, was 10.6 per­ One of the major goals of the bill I am MEMORIAL DAY introducing today is to provide the Memorial Day is a day for remembering, cent, compared to 6.4 percent for non­ United States, by 1983, with the capa­ for some in a personal context and for others veterans of the same age. And, the rate bility to be self-sufficient in environ­ in a less intimate and less searing manner. of unemployment among black and other mentally acceptable energy sources. It is an observance for memorializing minority veterans was even higher. At This includes the authorization of Fed­ those who have given their lives in the serv­ 14.9 percent, minority unemployment is ice of their country; they have died in wars over 4 percent above that of white vet­ eral funds not only for research efforts that have taken on different meanings over but also for tangible development ven­ the years. The fervor of patriotism in the erans in the same category. The follow­ tures to apply the research to commer­ early conflicts has been diminished in a con­ ing table further substantiates this dis­ cial application, in numerous areas in- temporary dimension because young people tressing problem:

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VETERAN EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS (Numbers in thousands)

20-29 years 20-24 years 2!>-29 years 20-29 years 20-24 years 2!>-29 years Non- Non- Non- Non- Non- Non· Veteran veteran Veteran veteran Veteran veteran Veteran veteran Veteran veteran Veteran veteran

1st quarter 1973: 3d quarter 1972: Unemployed_------252 549 153 376 99 173 Unemployed ____ ------303 560 183 411 120 149 Percent_ ___ ------_____ 5. 8 6.0 9. 4 7. 0 3. 7 4. 5 Percent._------___ 7. 2 6.4 10.6 8. 3 4.8 3.9 4th ~arter 1972: 2d quarter 1972: nemployed ______267 570 161 425 106 145 Unemployed ______322 609 190 443 132 166 Percent ______6. 2 6.3 9.5 8. 2 4.0 3.8 Percent.------_____ 7. 7 7.1 10.6 9.1 5. 5 4.4

The situation in education is equally bills are directed at the most pressing To require that separation and reen­ bleak. A recent Harris survey showed problems of our Vietnam veterans--op­ listment codes on discharge document that less than 35 percent of eligible Viet­ portunities for education and employ­ be confidential, for often this informa­ nam veterans are taking advantage of ment. Their purposes are as follows: tion is used by employers in an adverse educational benefits. The figure was 60 Creation of a Vietnam Eta Veterans way against veterans seeking employ­ percent after World War II. In addi­ Assistance and Opportunity Task Force ment; tion, a $50 million authorization to pro­ to coordinate available Federal programs To provide education assistance to vide part-time jobs for student veterans and expand efforts to encourage partici­ cover a veteran's costs for tuition, labo­ was impounded by President Nixon. He pation in them; ratory, arid other fees, to a maximum of also tried to hold back $25 million ap­ Establishment of regional mllitary dis­ $1,000; this would provide aid compa­ proved to encourage colleges to admit charge review boards to aid in processing rable to that given World War II veter­ and train veterans, but I was happy to applications for a change of discharge ans; and note that congressional pressure and a submitted by veterans discharged under To give veterans receiving the $220 a court suit have now convinced the ad­ less than honorable conditions; most of month subsistence pay the option of ministration to release these funds. these-about six out of seven-are unde­ higher monthly sums over a shorter pe­ I will shortly sponsor a five-part pack­ sirable discharges, issued administra­ riod of time; the allowance, authorized age of legislation to assist all our ne­ tively without the safeguards required at for a maximum of 36 months, could be glected veterans who participated in this a court-martial, such as right to counsel accelerated to $440 a month for 18 most tragic and unpopular war. These and adherence to rules of evidence; months. 18198 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973

I certainly hope that between this in eight New York City neighborhoods. So markets and skyrocke ~ting black unemploy­ year's Memorial Day and next year's na­ there is no great shock in the nation that ment. As has been suggested by the recent tional day of remembrance, our actions their very existence will be erased by the Wattenberg-Scammon article, the black pop­ will result in progress, achievements, bureaucrats. There is outrage, though. ulation does continue to make some progress The current official definition of the pov­ up the occupational ladder. However, it is and hope. We have treated our Vietnam erty line for a nonfarm family of four in our still climbing the ladder of little skill and era veterans shamefully. They did not country is a cash income of $4,137 a year. little hope of advancement-the low-wage in­ ask to fight in Asia for what, in the end, Maximum welfare payments for a family of dustries being its primary source of jobs. was a war waged for no valid purpose. four, COPE reports, range from $700 annually Heretofore, the principal beneficiaries of I intend to do all I can to see that we in Mississippi to more than $3,600 in a hand­ federal programs have been the middle deal fairly, realistically, and compassion­ ful of Northern states. Even with rent sub­ classes, black and white. And during the past ately to solve the serious problems they sidies, food stamps and Medicaid, poverty­ few years, middle-class blacks have more have found upon their return. level families fight a daily battle for survival. and more achieved equality with whites of Mollie Orshansky, a HEW statistician, moderate income and in the large pool of pointed out recently that the gap between social ·workers. Today, with the evident dis­ poor and nonpoor Americans would be even mantling of these programs, the question is greater if certain benefits received by whether private industry can or will absorb POVERTY middle-class families were computed as in­ this black managerial class. come: expense accounts, vacation pay, com­ Black and poor people have been warned modity discounts. by the President to "ask not what the gov­ HON. DON EDWARDS Abolish welfare for the rich? There is no ernment can do for you, but ask what you OF CALIFORNIA word yet from the Administration on an end (poor people] can do for yourself." I ask IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to tax loopholes and corporate subsidies. what can the poor and blue-collar worker do A sweep of the White House wand and the for himself when a cruel and callous econom­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Office of Economic Opportunity vanishes. It ic squeeze has been so tightly clamped about Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. is uncertain whether the magic of the courts his life line? Or perhaps the President means, Speaker, there has been much discussion will be stronger than White House magic. "You take care of yourselves and I will take Abracadabra, and officials responsible for care of the rich and established." lately on the "amount" of progress that the Watergate espionage team are hidden in The poor and working classes will not be has been made by Government programs a puff of smoke. The magic of public opinion able to "do for themselves" because: in the last decade toward eliminating the may blow the smoke away. Their jobs are the ones most adversely af­ cultural/economic I social circumstances Presto, and the air bombardment of Cam­ fected by Nixon policies. Unemployment in that create and maintain poverty. While bodia is not an "act of war." Does Congress the inner city, where the nation's poor gen­ many of us feel that the evaluation is have anything up its sleeve? erally live, has soared to postwar highs at not conclusive, the Nixon administra­ My Lai, General Lavelle's unauthorized least double the national average. tion has made clearcut decisions regard­ bombing missions over North Vietnam, Fiscal policy must be more than a central broken Indian treaties-White House magic instrument of economic policy. Realistically, ing most of these programs, declaring tries to wish them all away. it must serve as an instrument for social them either a failure or a success. But It is true, as the Administration contends, practice as well. The proposed fiscal 1974 the decision really makes no difference. that "poverty" is a politicized, value-laden budget is obviously the most anti-people Success or failure, the President has word. It is, however, the most accurate word budget in modern history. It is clearly not chosen to terminate most of the poverty for portraying what poor people face daily. anti-inflationary and it is clearly not equi­ programs of the sixties. What he has Euphemisms cannot convey the reality of the table. failed to address, however, as our slum housing where so many of my Harlem The blacks, the poor and the aged have few and East Harlem constituents live. Or the advocates within the Administration or on distinguished colleagues Congressmen despair in New York City's public schools the agencies created to administer the over­ CHARLES B. RANGEL and ANDREW YOUNG where reading levels continue to fall. Or the all economic policies. so clearly point out in the following fear caused by the heroin plague which feeds I would not want to deny that the black articles in the May 21 issue of The Na­ on unemployment and racial discrimination. population lives today at standards that are tion, is that poverty still exists, not as White House magic can't make them disap­ much better than those of their forefathers. an issue or the object of a program but as pear overnight. However, this says little about levels of in­ come, education and job patterns. Recent re­ a fact of life for many Americans, par­ 2. UP THE SHORT LADDER ticularly those who are members of mi­ ports, and specifically the Wattenberg-Scam­ nority groups. (By Representative ANDREW YOUNG) mon article, are grossly misleading with refer­ Present-day economic policies have been ence to upward mob111ty and the black com­ The article follows: disastrous for low-income and poor citizens­ munity at large. 1. THE VERBAL CURE especially when one observes the suffering The "black middle class" has come into (By Representative CHARLES B. RANGEL) caused by the inequities of policies which being only because ~there are black men and Poverty may soon disappear, if not from have led to controls on wages, to soaring women so committed to educating their chil­ the country, at least from the vocabulary of prices and to soaring profits. Those persons dren and living in a decent home and eating official bureaucratese. There have been re­ fortunate enough to have jobs are the main a balanced diet that they choose to work at ports that a federal interagency committee victims of this nation's "new economic in­ two, sometimes three, jobs in order to make is quietly st udying the possibility of ending novations." At the lower end of the income ends meet. government use of the word. It would little scale wages have been held in check, but Today, the economic life of the working­ surprise the 25 .6 million poor Americans if prices have obviously not been stabilized. class community looks promising for no one, they were, in fact, defined out of existence. While workers have produced more goods black or white-except for the rich. Observing White House policies and priori­ and services-raising the gross national pro­ I see it as ultimately important that this ties, they already question whether the Pres­ duct by $100 billion in 1972 alone-the bulk country make a directional shift towardt an ident knows they are really here. of this increase shows up in record profit economy that is based upon maximum use levels, which rose by 12 per cent in less than of goods, services and production. And we When the Subcommittee on Equal Oppor­ a year. This current rate of profit increase can't do that and maintain our present def­ tunities of the House Committee on Educa­ is vast, even considering the valid argument initions of "full employment." We can't do tion and Labor held hearings on the planned that some industries were due profit in­ that and continue to overextend ourselves budget cuts, witness after witness decried creases, i.e., the small farmer, baker, etc. militarily abroad. I ask, "Black Progress and the impact of Administration proposals on When one analyzes the general economic pic­ Liberal Rhetoric?"-or "Black Promises and human needs. The word "adminicide" was ture, it would appear that what could be Liberal Disgust?" used to describe the cutbacks in healt h, called "middleclass" blacks are moving ahead, housing, job training, day care, education but a number of critical events suggest an­ ------and senior citizen programs. other conclusion. SER HELPS MEET NATION'S Poor Americans know how it feels to be The implications of the high unemploy­ put at the end of the line, to be forced to ment of young people and the effect of the MANPOWER NEEDS ride in the back of the bus of the country's housing slowdown and the recent recession conscience. They saw the Administration on the general populace are potentially spend $425 million to bomb Hanoi for seven­ serious. HON. GEORGE E. DANIElSON teen days during the 1972 Christmas season, Blacks improved their relative economic OF CALIFORNIA while spending only $398 million a year for position during the 1960s but their pace of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the entire community-action program in the advance, compared with that of whites, has Tuesday, June 5, 1973 United States. They are aware that the slowed considerably in the last few years. amount spent by the Pentagon on nuts and Statistically, this can be measured by the Mr. DANIELSON. Mr. Speaker, today candy in the 1971-72 budget ($16.7 million) absence of significant growth in the black I am pleased to announce to my col­ would fund the community-action programs labor force, near exclusion from the new job leagues the observance of SER Week, June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18199 June 3 to June 10. SER, Jobs for Prog­ ford, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Here are some gems from the "Birth ress, Inc., is the national manpower pro­ Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Caro­ Control Handbook," self-styled as "med­ gram designed and staffed by bicultural lina, Northeast-Boston-south Dlinois, icine for the people": and bilingual professionals who address Syracuse, Vassar, Yale, four of the State Vietnam was once the "rice basin of the the manpower needs of the Spanish­ Universities of New York and, overseas, East," but, the Vietnamese finally decided to speaking citizens of our country. Similar Queensland Institute, Australia and throw out their foreign exploiters and take Exeter, London. control of their own resources. In response, proclamations of support have been is­ America bombed and defoliated Viet Nam to sued in the 14 States where SER is lo­ Princeton's experience may be typical the point of ecological disaster. VietNam has cated by Congressmen, mayors, and Gov­ of what has happened elsewhere. An­ huge resources of tin, which American in­ ernors. Citizens, business groups, and thony J . Maruca, Princeton's vice presi­ dustry wants and is prepared to do almost corporations and elected officials will ob­ dent for administration, explained that anything to get. (Page three.) serve SER Week by hosting a variety of an advisory council of which he is a conferences and luncheons. One honor­ member, authorized the Handbook's use And this diagnosis: ary luncheon being held this week in­ last summer in the University's sex edu­ The fact that ZPG (zero population growth) claims to direct its propaganda pri­ cludes as its guests, representatives of at cation program conducted at its health marily at white, middle class Americans does least 15 national corporations. It is being services facility. nothing to eliminate the factor of racism held at the Beverly Hilton Hotel on Maruca said physicians on the 15- which is an inevitable, historical aspect of Thursday, June 7, in Beverly Hills, Calif. member council verified the Handbook's the U.S. population control movement, At this time, I would like to commend medical accuracy and validity. financed and directed by America's white Mr. Philip Soto, the project director of "A number of us raised questions about ruling class. (page three.) the East Los Angeles SER for his out­ the political commentary, but the great On page 4, the handbook ignores standing efforts in the community in de­ majority decided that it should be made the facts and rewrites history to report veloping and maintaining trusting rela­ available because of its medical content." that China is: tionships among the Spanish-speaking, So serious were those questions that One of the few countries in the world the business community, and elected of­ the council agreed that a political dis­ where there exists no starvation ... ficials. claimer should be attached to each copy The 700 m1llion Chinese accomplished this I am hopeful that my colleagues and of the Handbook. by overthrowing their foreign exploiters, by readers of the RECORD will join me in "It was to say, in effect, that the taking control of their own natural riches, support and recognition of SER and in Handbook was being made available be­ by granting equality to women, by providing voluntary birth control, sterilization and the observance of SER Week, June 3 to cause it was comprehensive medically, abortion programs, by determining their own June 10. and that the university disassociated it­ priorities, such as education and food for self from the political comments." all. Nothing short of equally basic social National Review, on April27, 1973, edi­ change in America and in the countries it torialized, in part: exploits is going to bring solutions for our CHINESE COMMUNIST PROPAGANDA We hazard the guess that, in contrast to terrible problems of hunger, pollution, crime DISTRIBUTED TO COLLEGE STU­ antisemitic or anti-Negro rhetoric, the Mao­ in the streets, racism and war. (Page four.) DENTS AS A BIRTH CONTROL ist rhetoric was not particularly upsetting HANDBOOK because it has become a rather commonplace This prognosis is found on pages 26 and mode of discourse on the campus. 27: We would not like to think that any of Since the growth of large populations in HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK the Princeton officials involved really believe nations of the Third World (Africa, Latin OF OHIO the Maoist claptrap; we merely observed that America, parts of Asia, etc.) represents a they have become inured to it, that it strikes threat to the power and world dominance of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES them as routine, and, therefore, not really such countries as the United States, consider­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 objectionable .... able attention is being directed at the IUD ( interuterine device) by these nations. Scien­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, few Several months passed between the tists, working with grants from such organi­ people would argue against the impor­ council's release of the Handbook to the zations as the Population Council, a 'private tance of providing young adults accurate health service and its order to. attach a American foundation,' supported by the Ford information about sex. disclaimer. Foundation, John D. Rockefeller III and other But I must protest when such infor­ Inevitably, somehow, the Handbook private donors, are attempting to develop mation is cloaked in Communist Chinese was made available without the disclaim­ more effective IUDS .... propaganda and distributed at the Na­ er and in an as yet unexplained hap­ By advocating voluntary sterilization and use of the IUD, the government of the United tion's leading higher education institu­ penstance, 1,000 to 2,000 copies of the States, Britain and other western powers are tions with the covert or overt stamp of Handbook, sans disclaimer, mysteriously attempting to control by contraception the officialdom. were distributed to every male and fe­ numbers of non-white people, just as white Such a deplorable situation at Prince­ male dormatory room on campus. people from Europe eliminated large numbers ton University, among other schools, was Maruca tells of the University's efforts of red Indians by importing diseases for brought to my attention by William A.. to unmask the distributor. His choice of which the Indian had no antibody (im­ Rusher, publisher of National Review, words is both fitting and ironic under munity) resistance. (A preposterous notion!) One important characteristic that the IUD and through editorials in that weekly the circumstances: shares with sterlization is that the effective­ magazine. It also has been reported in We've had great difficulty pinning down ness of the method cannot be controlled other zpagazines and newspapers. how it happened and who was responsible. directly by the individual woman ... (Doc­ A dish of basic sex information, Maoist The people in the infirmary take the blame tors on the Princeton Advisory Council that rubbish, a clenched fist atop medicine's collectively. It was an administrative foul­ approved the Handbook must have missed traditional winged caduceus and a sug­ up. that gem.) gestive photograph or two is found in the Princeton has ceased distribution of Large scale use of contraceptive measures, 7 by 10 inch, 47-page newsprint "Birth applied to women who may not want to con­ the handbook, Maruca said, and physi­ trol their fertility, approaches genocide and Control Handbook.'' It is published by cians in the sex education program are ceases to be birth control. "The Handbook Collective" of Montreal, using a substitute. Canada, and its staff is believed to be Not before questions were raised with­ The M.D. after the name of the person students at Magill University. in and without those hallowed halls of who wrote that must stand for doctor of . If Princeton University is too far to ivy about the propriety of "foisting" the Maoism . raise concern, my investigation discloses Handbook on people, for both political Catholics sincerely concerned about the Handbook also is available at the and sex education reasons. questions of birth control are certain to nearby University of Maryland and at The university official said no Federal be outraged by this gratuitous comment Kent State in Ohio. funds were used to buy the handbook. on page 34, hidden amidst an explana­ Included among the approximately 25 Copies cost 5 cents each, he said, and tion of coitus interruptus: universities on the Handbook's distribu­ the money was found in the account of a Contrary to common belief, more than just tion list is Boston University, Tufts, the now defunct student group. The "col­ one particular woman has become pregnant Universities of Illinois, California, Hart- lective" charges $45 per thousand. while st111 virginal. I 18200 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 Our legal system is not neglected in program, the Office of Education "strives strivPs to increase intercultt&ral understand­ this medical melange of misinformation: to increase intercultural understanding, ing, to reduce ethnocentrism, and to help the A box on page 36 reports: to reduce ethnocentrism, and help the American educational system more closely Today, the United States legal system reflect the realities and interdependency ot American educational system more close­ the modern world. manages to sterllize "welfare mothers" (usu­ ly reflect the realities and interdepend­ ally black people) who have had lllegitimate chlld.ren. . .. In New York, judges offer ency of the modern world." women the choice--either be ster111zed or re­ I think this is an excellent statement ceive no more welfare. of the value of international education THE lOOTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE programs, and as a longtime supporter MORNING HERALD The sterilization theme is played again of both the NDEA title VI language and on other pages where it is held out as a area studies program and the Fulbright precondition for abortion for "Poor program, I am delighted to see the. Com­ HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON women, especially black women ..." missioner of Education take such a posi­ OF MARYLAND The rationale that such measures are nec­ tive attitude toward these endeavors. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES essary to a.lleviate the population crisis is merely a cover for racist genocide. The chll­ I am at the same time somewhat per­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 d.ren of the rich exploit and pollute the re­ plexed, however, for while the Commis­ Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, this week sources of the earth, not the chlld.ren of the sioner discusses these programs in what marks the lOOth anniversary of the poor. (Page 45.) can only be described as laudatory terms, founding of one of western Maryland's The Handbook's bibliography refers the administration of which he is a part most important newspapers, the Morn­ those seeking additional factual infor­ has suggested in the President's fiscal ing Herald of Hagerstown, Md. year 1974 budget message that the NDEA mation to other, similarly propagan­ It was in 1873 that Mr. Emmert Fech­ distic texts. Title VI program should be phased out. tig began publication of the first daily No reasonable person can doubt the Perhaps those in the administration newspaper in Hagerstown. The paper was responsible for budgetary matters have Machiavellian purpose of this Handbook. not had the opportunity to be made called the Hagerstown Daily News It takes advantage of the desperate which was printed on the presses of aware of the Commissioner'.s enthusiasm need of people for reliable, accurate, for this program, and the strong argu­ another weekly paper. Publication con­ sensible information about sex, free from tinued under various owners until it was value judgments-a need frequently ments in favor of its being continued. purchased by the Hagerstown Herald in found among the poor whose cause the In order that all of the Members might 1896, and the name was changed to Handbook alleges to champion-to spew read the Commissioner's statement on the Morning Herald. Toward the end of forth the pink party line. this subject I am including it at this the 19th century, the Morning Herald While the authorities at Princeton point in the RECORD. I would also recom­ was located at the present Herald-Mail have admitted they let this situation get mend it to others interested in such mat­ building at 25 Summit Avenue. After a out of hand, regrets, regardless of sin­ ters, and particularly to those in the succession of owners the paper was cerity, cannot salve the harm of such White House and the Office of Manage­ bought in April 1960 by the South Bend publications. This incident demonstrates ment and Budget charged with the re­ Tribune, and Franklin D. Schtirz, Jr., the lengths to which communists and sponsibility of setting the administra­ has been publisher since April 1962. their sympathizers will go to spread their tion's budget priorities. I want to take this opportunity to con­ version of "truth." The statement follows: gratulate the Morning Herald, its owner, Too bad that the academicians in our AN INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION and its staff on this significant achieve­ citadels of higher education are not as The international dimension of the Na­ ment. determined that all views will be given tion's interests symbolized by President full expression on campuses. It seems Nixon's visits to the P3ople's Republic of China and to the Soviet Union, was reflected MACHIAVELLI ON WATERGATE criminal that information to counteract educationally last year in Otftce of Education the views of those who would tear down programs designed to help build a resource such ivory towers is not as readily avail­ of expertise in in·ternational affairs and cre­ HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS able as what obviously is bad "medicine ate a better understanding of other cultures OJ' CALIFORNIA for the people" between the covers of a and customs, both abroad and here at home. reprehensible philosophy. These programs, administer--d by OE•s In­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stitute of International Studies, included Tuesday, June 5, 1973 support during Fisca.l Year 1972 of efforts essentially aimed at increasing the Nation's Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, onere­ manpower pool of trained specialists in the cent topic of discussion has been there­ U.S. EDUCATION COMMISSIONER languages and cultures of countries in Af­ lation of a political leader to his advisers ASSERTS VALUE OF INTERNA­ rica, Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and top aides. In 1517, Niccolo Machia­ TIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS and Eastern Europe, and of the USSR; and velli, a retired Italian diplomat, set down adding an internativnal aspect to under­ graduwte general education and to profes­ . his observations on political leadership HON. JOHN BRADEMAS siona.l graduate level training. Related activi­ in a book entitled "The Prince." This ties to increase and improve knowledge 81bout book rapidly attained the status of a OF INDIANA other countries were conducted abroad. classic. In it, Machiavelli wrote with IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES OE also supported inter-institutional co­ definitive clarity the relations of a head Tuesday, June 5, 1973 operative research abroad, an interesting ex­ of state and the men around him. I in­ ample being a comparative study of city Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, the vite my colleagues' attention to his administrations in Grand Rapids, Mich. and analysis: Acting U.S. Commissioner of Education, Ljubljana, Yugoslavia, now being used to Dr. John Ottina, has submitted to the develop courses in l.a'ban economics, day EXCERPTS FROM "THE PRINCE" Congress his annual report required by care service for handicapped children, and (By Niccolo Machiavelli) section 412 of the General Education Pro­ the relationship of public administration The choosing of ministers is a matter of visions Act. and public participation to decisionmaking. no little importance for a prince; and their Promotion of intercultural understanding For the most part, the report contains worth depends on the sagacity of the prince also is at the core of the Teacher Exchange himself. The first opinion that is formed of no surprises, but at page 30 there appears program, which in 1972 arranged for the a ruler's intelligence is based on the quality a most interesting discussion of what the 1-year interchange of more than 100 Ameri­ of the men he has around him. When they Commissioner describes as "Ofilce of can teachers with an equal number of teach­ are competent and loyal he can always be Education programs designed to help ers from other countries, as well as a number considered wise, because he has been able to build a resource of expertise in interna­ of one-way exchanges for both American recognize their competence and keep them tional affairs and create a better under­ and foreign teachers. Since its inception loyal. But when they are otherwise, the prince standing of other cultures and cus­ more than a quarter of a century ago under is always open to adverse criticism; because the Fulbright Act, this program has in­ his first mistake has been in the choice of toms ..." volved about 13,000 American and foreign his ministers. The Commissioner asserts that teachers. It is operated with funds trans­ No one who knew messer Antonio da through such activities as language and ferred from the Department of State. Venafro as the minister of Pandolfo Petrucci, area studies programs, and the Fulbright Through such activities as these, OE prince of Siena, could but conclude that June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18201 Pandolfo was himself a man of great ability. Forces Day was observed throughout the jector and was serving as a medic. A cross There are three kinds of intelligence; one Nation recently and this editorial I be­ section of their country, they and their com­ kind understands things for itself, the other lieve is a fine tribute to the men and rades were denied its whole-hearted backing. appreciates what others can understand, the The individuals in the uniform of the U.S. third understands neither for itself nor women of the armed services in our had been sent to Vietnam on the lawful or­ through others. This first kind is excellent, country. ders of public officials elected by and repre­ the second good, and the third kind useless. The editorial follows: senting the American people. They were kept So it follows that Pandolfo, if he did not have [From the Dallas (Tex.) Morning News, May there fighting the longest, dirtiest, most the first kind of intelligence, at least had 14, 1973] frustrating war we've ever fought and for the second. If a prince has the discernment LET'S GIVE CREDIT WHERE IT'S DUE their pains they received few cheers at the to recognize the good or bad in what another time. few thanks afterward. says and does, even though he has no acumen (By Jim Wright) Now that some of the bitterness has itself, he can see when his minister's actions This country will last as long as it has men abated, Americans are beginning to feel, are good or bad, and he can praise or correct and women who care enough about it to put somewhat belatedly, that these men should accordingly; in this way, the minister can­ their lives on the line in its defense. have the public gratitude and cheers that not hope to deceive him and so takes care Once there are no longer Americans will­ their deeds earned them. not to go wrong. ing to do so, the days of the country are Armed Forces Day this year, the first since There is one important subject I do not numbered. the end of the war, offers the people of Dallas want to pass over, the mistake which princes That is not alarmism or patriotic drum­ an opportunity to show the kind of support can only with difficulty avoid making if they beating but a truth evident in the history for the men and women of the armed serv­ are not extremely prudent or do not choose of the world and the nation. With our size ices that is traditional in our country. their ministers well. I am referring to flat­ and our background, we cannot hope to exist On Friday, May 18, the Military Affairs terers, who swarm in the courts. Men are so passively as a nation on the sufferance of Committee of the Chamber of Commerce will happily absorbed in their own affairs and other, more powerful countries. America is hold the Armed Forces Day Luncheon at noon indulge in such self-deception that is difficult too big to hide. We will not escape the crises in the Grand Ballroom of the Sheraton Dal­ for them not to fall victim to this plague; of the future by running off to Canada or las. The luncheon, which is open to the pub­ and if they try to avoid doing so they risk Sweden to avoid trouble. lic, mll1tary and civilian, wlll feature as guest becoming despised. This is because the only This week Dallas and the nation will speaker Gen. Jack Catton, commander of the way to safeguard yourself against flatterers honor those who did not run for the exits Air Force Logistics Command. Tickets are is by letting people understand that you are when their country called them to serve: The $4.75. not offended by the truth; but if everyone men and women of the armed forces. On On Saturday, May 19, there will be from can speak the truth then you lose respect. Friday and Saturday, May 18-19, Dallas will 11 a.m. until 3:30 an Armed Forces Day show So a shrewd prince should adopt a middle observe Armed Forces Day. at Naval Air Station, Dallas. Representatives way, choosing wise men for his government There were many tragedies in the Vietnam from all services will show visitors around an and allowing only those the freedom to speak War. One of the greatest tragedies and cer­ interesting array of equipment, including the truth to him, and then only concerning tainly the cruelest injustice was the tend­ the C5A, world's largest aircraft, the F4 and matters on which he asks their opinion, and ency in some circles to blame the military for A6 jets, OH58, UHlD and CH47 helicopters. nothing else. But he should also question the burdens and costs of the war. At neighboring Hensley Field, another and them thoroughly and listen to what they Under our system, the m1111tary does not possibly even more interesting array will be say; then he should make up his own mind, declare any war nor does it make the deci­ the pretty contestants representing all North by himself. And his attitude towards his sions on grand strategy before or during a Texas military units in the Armed Forces councils and towards each one of his ad­ war. All of the final decisions are made by Beauty Contest. The contest at the Air Na­ visors should be such that they will recog­ elected civilians. Thus the irony: Blaming tional Guard Gymnasium will begin at 1 p.m. nize that the more freely they speak out the the military for the decisions it carries out Saturday. more acceptable they will be. Apart from is somewhat like blaming the police for de­ Liberal or conservative, dove or hawk, it's these, the prince should heed no one; he cisions of the City Council, the State Legis­ about time we gave some credit to the peo­ should put the policy agreed upon into effect lature, the Congress and the courts. ple who have made it possible for us to have straight away, and he should adhere to it But that most ironic twist of the antimili­ a choice about what we'll do and say. A good rigidly. Anyone who does not do this is tary outburst of the 1960's was the fact that start would be to participate in one or more hustled by flatterers or is constantly chang­ they occurred during a war which the Amer­ of the Armed Forces Day events this comin~ ing his mind because of conflicting advice: ican military had to fight while under the weekend. as a result he is held in low esteem. tightest and most complicated political con- A prince should, therefore, always seek ad­ trol in our history. b' vice. But he should do so when he wants to, Maybe it's wishful thinking, ut it seems BOOMING HANDGUN BUSINESS not when others want him to; indeed, he to me that most Americans W· o joined in should discourage everyone from tendering this injustice toward those who served them advice about anything unless it is asked for. have recognized the unfairness. Dove or HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN All the same, he should be a constant ques­ hawk, most of us are proud of our country OF MASSACHUSETTS tioner, and he should liste~ patiently to the and of those who gave so much in its name. truth regarding what he has inquired about. We need to have such pride and we need to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Moreover, if he finds that anyone for some express it. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 reason holds the truth back he should show The return of the POWs was a catalyst for his wrath. this great revival of national pride. These Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I attach When seeking the advice of more than one men reminded Americans of the sacrifice herewith an article with shocking revela­ person a prince who is not himself wise wm made by millions of our own countrymen, tions about the booming handgun busi­ never get unanimity in his councils or be able a sacrifice made not for money or for per­ ness. The .article is reprinted from the to reconcile their views. Each councilor wlll sonal glory but on behalf of the rest of us. consult his own interests; and the prince w111 Boston Globe of June 3, 1973. Recognition of their sacrifice, heaven This well researched article demon~ not know how to correct or understand them. knows, is long overdue. Things cannot be otherwise, since men wlll Item: In May, 1970, the last nationwide strates that during 1972 retail pistol and always do badly by you unless they are anti-Vietnam demonstrations took place. revolver sales across the country soared forced to be virtuous. So the conclusion is Students, professors, politicians and movie to a high of $75.6 million. This is prac­ that good advice, whomever it comes from, stars vied for the more than ample television tically the same amount-$76.1 million­ depends 1n the shrewdness of the prince and news space dedicated to their move­ which all Americans spent on baseball who seeks it, and not the shrewdness of the ment and to their specific statements and goods during the same year. prince on good advice. actions. During the last 6 months of 1972, At the time the attention of Americans was taken up by these evolutions, 157 of American manufacturers produced 902,- their countrymen had won the Medal of 701 handguns-according to ofilcial sta­ ARMED FORCES DAY Honor in Vietnam, 99 of them at the cost tistics released by the U.S. Treasury De­ of their lives. Yet all of tlle heroes combined partment. had received hardly a fraction of the public A handgun legally crosses a sales HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE notice given to one campus riot. counter every 12.6 seconds in America. OF TEXAS About half of the Medal of Honor winners The United States is quite literally be­ were under 22-yet it was the college dem­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES coming an armed fortress with handguns onstrators who were called the representa­ available in homes, garages, automobiles, Tuesday, June 5, 1973 tives of American youth. The Medal winners came from 36 states, and everywhere. Unless something is Mr. TEAGUE of Tex·as. Mr. Speaker, from every major ethnic and racial back­ done to reverse the present upward es­ I would like to offer the following edi­ ground in our country. Eighteen of them calation in the number of handguns in torial for insertion in the RECORD. Armed were black. One had been a conscientious ob- the possession of Americans there will be 18202 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 by the end of the 1970's one handgun for popularity comes primarily from its effec­ viewed this week contended that only a por­ every male in America. tiveness as a killer and maimer of human tion of the state's handgun owners have li­ The article, written by Nathan Cobb, beings. censes, and that growing legal sales repre­ "But the handgun is not only just a mur­ sent only part of the handgun market. a skilled journalist on the staff of the der weapon," Wllliam J. Taylor, Supt-in­ "I'd guess that for every legal owner Boston Globe, follows: Chief of the Boston Police Dept. explained re­ there are two lllegal owners," offered Lt. Det. BOOMING HANDGUN BUSINESS SOARS TO RECORD cently. "There's no question that the ready Jerome P. McCallum, acting head of the $75 MILLION availability of handguns increases all types homocide bureau of tlie Boston Police Dept. (By Nathan Cobb) of crime. I'm talking about robberies, rapes, "It just seeins to me that everyone and his It's official. everything. The handgun is definitely the brother has a handgun around here." The handgun-used by more murderers in most prevalent weapon in crime. And it's Clearly, these are bonanza days for the the United States than all other weapons growing." more than 150,000 Federally licensed gun combined-is now as American as baseball. New England is the handgun manufactur­ dealers aorOISS the country, whether they are During 1972, retail pistol and revolver sales ing capital of the country. Of 68 domestic handling Colt's powerful 357 Magnum or the across the country soared to a high of $75.6 gun manufacturers listed in the 1973 issue handy MOdel 733 .32 caHber revolver manu­ m111ion, according to excise tax figures filed of "Gun Digest," a gun trade directory pub­ factured by Harrington and Richa.rdson Inc., with Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Ameri­ lished by the Chicago-based magazine of the Worcester. cans spent roughly an equal amount-$76.1 same name, 17 are located in New England "The handgun supply simply hasn't been million-on all types of baseball goods dur­ far more than in any other single region. Ten able to keep up with the demand," said ing the same year, the National Sporting of these are handgun makers, including the J~ ames F. Mahoney, clerk 8lt Bob Smith's Goods Assn. reports. prestigious Smith and Wesson Inc., of Spring­ Spor-ting Goods, a Boston retailer and whole­ A month-long Globe study of the sale, own­ field and Colt Industries of Hartford, Conn. saler. "For instance, Smith and Wesson has ership and use of America's number one crim­ (New . England also holds two dubious cut their allocation to us in half beoouse inal weapon concluded that despite Federal handgun manufacturing distinctions. The .22 they have so many orders." and Masachusetts laws passed in 1968 osten­ caliber pistol th81t Sirhan B. Sirhan used to Some manufacturers, Sml:th and Wesson sibly to slow the massive flow of handguns murder Sen. Robert F. Kennedy was made by included, sell through wholesalers. Others, into private hands, manufacturers and deal­ the Iver-Johnson Arms and Cycle Works, Inc. such as Colt, move guns direotly to retailers. ers of these deadly and concealable guns in Fitchburg, and the .38 with which Arthur The two-stage mark-up is approximately 35 are enjoying a business boom. H. Bremmer shot Gov. George c. Wallace was percent, with a.bout 15 perceillt going to the 'rn fact, becoming an economic equivalent manufactured by the Charter Arms Corp., wholesaler if he is included. of the "national pastime" has been only one of Bridgeport, Conn.) While some of the increased sales are un­ recent accomplishment of the burgeoning These and other handgun manufacturers doubtedly for sporting purposes, dealers re­ handgun trade. Some others: have consistently refused to release produc­ port that the major reason people are buying According to IRS figures, dollar volume of tion statistics, and until ATF recently re­ handguns is fea-r-generally of other people US retail handgun sales last year rose 59.4 quired that they file such figures dating back with guns. percent over 1968, the year stiffer Federal to July 1, 1972, no Federal agency kept track At Bob Smith's Sporting Goods, merchan­ laws governing handgun purchase were of how many guns were being stockpiled in dise manager Stephen Vinciguerra stated passed. During the same period, other firearm America. thwt 60 to 70 percent of the firm's handgun and ammunition sales rose only 14.1 percent. In 1968, subpoenas were required from the sales are to people who want to "protect" American manufacturers produced 902,701 National Commission on the Causes and themselves. "I'm selling handguns to guys handguns during the last six months of 1972, Prevention of Violence to make figures pub­ who've never bought a gun before and who according to newly-required reports filed with lic. Then it was learned that America had said they'd never buy a gun," Vinciguerra the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Fire­ legitimately produced 22.6 million handguns said. "They're buying good quality .22s, .25s, arms (ATF) of the US Treasury Dept. This for private sale since 1899 to go with the 5.4 .32s a.nd .388. People a.re scared. There isn't a is approximately a 50 percent jump over fig­ m1llion handguns that had been legally im­ merchant in downtown Boston who doesn't ures compiled in 1968 by a special president­ ported. Since the commission's initial find­ have a gun under his coat." ial commission, and it represents a four-fold ings, the recent handgun boom has buoyed Such buyers are apparently unconcerned increase during the past decade. Additional the country's private arsenal by 12 to 15 by warnings similar to that which came from figures filed with ATF show that four out of m1llion more concealable firearms. the National Commission on the Prevention 10 guns now being made for private sale in Says Wllliam F. Fitzgerald, director of the of Crime and Violence, sta~ting that handgun the United States are handguns. Firearins Record Bureau of the Massachu­ owners are more likely to shoot themselves Imported handguns, which the 1968 Fed­ setts Dept. of Public Safety: "Keeping track or a member of the•ir family than stop a eral Gun Control Act restricts to those of the growing number of handguns isn't crimina-l. deemed "particularly suitable" or "readily like taking a population count. Unlike people, This view ws.s echoed recently by Supt. adaptable" for sporting use, are skyrocket­ guns don't die off. Very, very few of them Taylor, Boston's number two cop. "If these ever disappear. The total number just keeps people think a gun wm do any good to pre­ ing in number. Last year, 439,883 handguns growing." were imported for sale in this country, a vent a robbery, they're mistaken," Taylor solid 23.4 percent jump over 1971. In fact, Thus, most current estimatE*> of handguns said. "They'll just cause a thre81t to the crim­ handgun imports have now reached the level place the national total at somewhere be­ inal and the criminal wlll respond with more tween 30 and 40 mlllion-or about one deadly violence. Believe me, the crlmin.a.l will make of the mid-19605, when concern over their handgun ,for every 1.5 American famllies. number led to a ban on the importation of the first move. And if you move second, And the total continues to mount. you're in trouble." small, cheap so-called "Saturday Night Although Massachusetts has relatively Specials." Meanwhile, the deadly stockpile continues strong laws governing handgun purchase to grow across America. A handgun legally The 1968 law has spawned a whole new (roughly 25 percent of the state's 70,284 legal domestic industry of "Saturday Night Spe­ crosses a sales counter every 12,6 seconds. gun sales last year were handguns, and only and lllegal transfers probably occur as fre­ cial" manufacturers, located primarily in about one out of every 135 handgun sales in New York and Florida, who are churning quently. the US takes place in the Bay State), a Handguns are in bedside tables, closets out tiny .22 and .25 caliber handguns which Globe survey of local dealers revealed that cost between $5 and $25. Because Federal and bureaus. They're in cellars, garages and business is brisk. automobiles. Before the decade is out, there law technically bans only the importation Some retallers reported sales up as much as of frames for "nonsporting" guns, these new w:ill be one handgun for every male in 50 percent over 1968, when Massachusetts America.. manufacturers have been able to apply for passed what is considered to be one of the permits to import enough other types of "My house is a fortress," boasted one Bos­ toughest gun laws in the nation. ton gun dealer recently, taking up the cry parts to assemble 4,322,800 handguns since According to the Firearins Record Bu­ 1968. for even more guns. "Why, I could hold off reau, there are approximately 110,000 persons twenty guys from in there." "There's definitely been a shift in empha­ in Massachusetts with licenses to carry (and sis toward handguns by gun buyers,'• said therefore purchase) handguns, as well as Saul R. Arnstein, co-owner of the Ivanhoe another 300,000 people who possess Firearins Sports Center in Watertown during a re­ Identification Cards (F.I.D.), which allow STATEMENT ON REDUCTION OF cent interview. "Since 1968, handgun sales them to keep guns in their homes. Both are MILITARY FORCES IN CENTRAL are up whlle rifle and shotgun sales are issued by the local pollee chief in the gun EUROPE BY HUNGARIAN FREE­ down. Our estimated percentages used to owner's city or town. An F.I.D. card may also DOM FIGHTERS be about 5o-50. Now about 70 percent of be used to purchase a handgun when ac­ our sales are handguns, while 30 percent are companied by a special permit to do so rifles and shotguns." which is also issued by local police. HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN Today, Arnstein's retail and wholesale gun The Massachusetts system, however, regis­ OF MARYLAND dealership, which he claims 1s the largest in ters legal owners, not guns. 'As Arthur A. New England, sells 3000 handguns a year. In Montour!, special agent in charge of the Bos­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1968, he estimates he sold about 1500. ton district office of ATF put it recently. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Although a small number of handgun "A person with an F.I.D. card or a license to owners use their weapons for target shoot­ carry can own 20 guns. And often does." Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, recently I ing and hunting, the weapon's success and Further, law enforcement officials inter- introduced a concurrent resolution con- June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18203 cerning the Holy Crown of Saint Stephen. hope for freedom, for life without foreign promulgated by the United States does not This resolution expresses the sense of occupation, exploitation. serve the long range political, mll1ta.ry and The presidential decision is deplorable not economic interests of America.. Congress that the Holy Crown of Saint only because it sanctions and fina.Uzes the Therefore, the Hungarian Freedom Fighters Stephen that was entrusted to the occupation of Hungary and prepares her for Federation in the name of Americans of Hun­ United States in 1945 should not be re­ the fate of the Baltic States, but because it garian descent calls upon all Americans to turned until Hungary once again func­ does not serve the best interests of the United support the Federation's request, submitted tions as a democracy freely chosen by States either. to the President, urging him to reverse the the people of Hungary. In a. time when the very fabric of our na­ position of the United States, regarding Hun­ tional integrity, honesty, the soundness of our gary's status in the Vienna force reduction Recently the Hungarian Freedom Government are tested at home, opportunis­ talks. Fighters' Foundation communicated to tic deals on the field of foreign policy cannot Washington May 15, 1973. me their concern with the negotiations and will not restore the lost prestige either on reduction of military forces in cen­ of our Government or of our President. tral Europe, and the fact that Hungary Therefore, the Hungarian Freedom Fight­ be reduced to the status of observers at ers Federation-representing and expressing ALL-CHANNEL RADIO BILL OFFERED the conference and that her territory be the true and basic interests of the silenced, oppressed Hungarian nation, and on behalf excluded from the area of the projected of Americans concerned with the fundamen­ troop cuts. tal American interests in Central Europe­ HON. LIONEL VAN DEE,RLIN I submit the statement of the Hun­ calls upon the President of the United States OF CALIFORNIA garian Freedom Fighters Federation on to reverse his position and instruct the rep­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this subject for the RECORD: resentatives of the United States in Vienna Tuesday, June 5, 1973 STATEMENT OF THE HUNGARIAN FREEDOM to energetically pursue the reinstatement of FIGHTERS FEDERATION CONCERNING NEGOTIA• Hungary to full membership status in the Mr. VAN DEERLIN. Mr. Speaker, I TIONS ON REDUCTION OF MILITARY FORCES preparatory talks and to assure that her ter­ direct the attention of colleagues to leg­ IN CENTRAL EUROPE ritory be included in the area. of projected islation, pending in both House and Sen­ troop cuts. I ate, aimed at widening the reception The nations of NATO and the Warsaw Pact II capacity of radio sets. are participating in negotiations to explore The Hungarian Freedom Fighters Federa­ The House bill, which I am cosponsor­ the possibility of reducing military forces in. tion recognizes the fact that the negotia­ tions aimed at military force reduction in ing with Mr. BROWN of Ohio, is similar to Central Europe. An Associated Press report, S. 585, introduced by Senator Moss. Both dated May 14, 1973, confirmed the previously Central Europe hitherto called Mutual and spread rumors concerning the break in the Balanced Force Reduction talks-are neces­ would require a capability for FM signal procedural impasse causing the deadlock of sary and in the framework of currently act­ reception, as well as AM, in all but the the preparatory talks in Vienna.. ing domestic and international pressures are least expensive radio receivers. The impasse was resulted by the dispute inevitable. Senator Moss' legislation stipulates over the status of Hungary. The Soviet de­ These negotiations, however, should try that receiving sets costing $15 or more mand-submitted in early February-that to positively foster the free polttica.l develop­ ment of Central Europe and contain inherent have the all-channel capability. Our Hungary be limited to observer status was House version would leave it to the Fed­ resisted by the western participants for 14 assurances that they do not inadvertently serve an expansive and aggressive Soviet eral Communications Commission to de­ weeks. policy in Europe. termine, within 2 years, what the cut­ A concession on this issue by the NATO The concessions made by the NATO powers off point should be as to price. Apart powers-forced and forged by the United at Vienna. concerning Hungary's status, from that minor difference, the measures States-cleared the way for the resumption proves the West short on both of these ac­ are virtually identical. of substantive talks. counts. Des:Qite long, heated protest by Britain and There is no attempt to influence the Our feeling is that these bills would other allies, the United States insisted that totalitarian regimes to observe national and do for FM radio--particularly noncom­ the West yield to Moscow's demand that dele­ human rights and there are no assurances at mercial stations-what the UHF require­ gates of Hungary be reduced to observer hand to curb the appetite of Communist ment, in television sets, has accomplished status and her territory be excluded from the Soviet colonialism. for those often marginal stations that area. of projected troop cuts. The original aim of the MBFR talks was­ must transmit on channels 14 and up. The Hungarian Freedom Fighters Federa­ as President Nixon announced on Novem­ More important, consumers would bene­ tion deplores this action of the United States ber 4, 1972, in his address on nationwide fit from having generally available a Government. radio-to conduct "negotiations on mutual The Federation voices its opinion that the and balanced force reduction of armed forces wider selection of stations for informa­ denial of full membership to Hungary in the in Central Europe." tion and edification, as well as entertain­ MBFR talks held in Vienna is gravely affect­ The concession of the Western powers, ment. ing the fate of Central Europe and the hoped manufactured by the United States is the As Senator Moss and Congressman for reestablishment of Hungarian sovereignty. paradox of this presidential statement. BROWN have noted, 549 of the 571 non­ The effects of the western concession­ The exclusion of Hungary from the effec­ commercial radio stations operate on the which was coined by the thrust of the Nixon tive area. of the troop reduction talks means FM band. Overall, some two-thirds of all Administration-will be comparable to the that the maps of Central Europe a.re being historic and regretful results of diplomatic arbitrarily redrawn by power politics. independent FM stations are now mon­ inaction on the part of the United States in Central Europe without Hungary is like ey-losing propositions, in rather stark 1956 during and after the Hungarian Revolu­ New England without Massachusetts. contrast to the profitable operations en­ tion. Geography is not as flexible as seemingly joyed by most licensees in other areas of Mr. Nixon's decision to unilaterally aban­ Nixonia.n politics and commitments are. commercial broadcasting. don his own goal to "conduct a credible di­ The unrestricted use of Hungary by the I hope that hearings can be held in the plomacy to negotiate a mutual reduction Red Army of the Soviet Union, sanctioned by near future on the bill by the House of forces" was made free from the pressures American eagerness to please the red rulers Commerce Subcommittee on Communi­ of an unexpected bloody revolution, and of in the name of detente, provides a. an opportunistic war waged concurrently by beachhead for Communist Imperialism cations and Power, on which Mr. BROWN old friends of the United States against a in the strategically located crossroads of and I both serve. Text ·of our bill, H.R. country with strategic and economic impor­ Central Europe. The unrestrained ac­ 8266, follows: tance to the Uni·ted States, free from the cess to Yugoslavia-the potential trouble H.R. 8266 assumed possib111ty of a nuclear holocaust in spot of the next decade in Europe-whets A b111 to amend section 303 of the Communi­ case of intervention. the appetite of the rulers of the Kremlin cations Act of 1934 to require that radio The decision to concede to Soviet demands to implement the Brezhnev Doctrine there receivers be technically equipped to re­ was reached after three months of calculat­ also, in order to gain a direct overland ac­ ceive and amplify both amplitude modu­ ing deliberation, and in the full knowleage cess to the Meditera.nea.n. lated (AM) and frequency modulated of the consequences. Reduction of armed forces in Czechoslova­ (~) broadcasts For these reasons the decision is inex­ kia. is meaningless without a. similiar action Be it enacted by the Senate ancl House oJ cusable. in Hungary. Forces of geography are supply­ Representatives of the United States of The results of the fateful, paradoxical ver­ ing the indisputable argument to support this America in Congress assembled, That section dict, delivered by the President of the United statement. 303 of the Communications Act of 1934 ts States over Hungary and her people, are in­ The cut off of Hungary from Central Europe amended by adding the following new para­ comprehensible. The President by his action assures the depriv81tion of both dismembered graph at the end thereof: robbed from the Hungarians the only treas­ parts of the heart of Europe. An ·artificial "(t) Have authority to require that any ure that they stlll could call as their own: the division of a. geographic, economic entity, apparatus designed to both receive and am- 18204 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 pltfy amplitude or frequency modulated ra­ Crime hurts our na.tion's eoonomy 'through, fault insurance and by having fines sent in dio signals be technically equipped to receive retail losses, costs of preventive measures, for both traffic violation;s and for some mis­ and amplify both amplitude modulated and and channelling this illegal money out of demeanors. Cases also should be heard within frequency modulated broadcasts when such the economic system. In the first six months a reasonable amount of time. However, in apparatus is shipped in interstate commerce, of 1971, the value of securities stolen was order to do this, more personnel is needed. or is imported from any foreign country into four hundred ninety four. That is a two Furthermore, to aid the prisoners dUiring the United States, for sale or resale to the hundred percent increase over the preced­ and after their imprisonment, the prisoners public: Provided, That the Commission may, ing year's total losses. Preventive measures .and their rehabilitation programs need to be pursuant to a rulemaking proceeding, ex­ in priva.te homes and businesses equalled reformed. The prisone:rF.: should !)e grouped empt from coverage of this paragraph such about two hundred million dolLars. As a re­ according to the seriousness of their crime, apparatus as it deems necessary and appro­ sult of the business losses, the con;sumer so that the minor criminals don't integrate priate." pays, through an increase in prices. This and learn the ways of the hardened crim­ SEc. 2. Section 330 of the Communications a.dds to the r1se in the inflationary spiral. inals. The rehabilitation programs should be Act is amended as follows: In the inner city, crime run;s rampant. set up to train the convicts for useful jobs (a) by striking out "paragraph (s)" in The unemployed inner olty youth, channels in society, rather than such outmoded tasks subsection (a), and inserting in lieu thereof his unused energies into robbing or ter­ as making license plates. Quality rehabilita­ "paragraphs (s) and (t) ". rorizing the owner of small neighborhood tion fac1lities could prevent both the high (b) by striking out "that paragraph" in businesses. Having been robbed many times, percentage of recidivism and up to fifty per­ subsection (a) and inserting in lieu thereof and not wanting to pay the "insurance fees" cent of the crimes. More halfway houses "those paragraphs". to safe-guard his possessions, the proprietor should be established to assure that the ex­ (c) by striking out "section 303 (s)" in either closes shop or moves to the suburbs. convict has been rehabilitated. Generally, subsection (b) and inserting in lieu thereof When businesses begin to move out of the if a person survives these houses, he is ready neighborhood, this leaves a job void. As a "sections 303 ( s) and 303 ( t) ". to be a productive member of society. Drug (d) by striking OUt "TELEVISION" in the resul•t of the job void, the unemployed youth addicts should also be rehabilitated and section heading and inserting in lieu thereof turn;s to crime. The youth may turn to drugs, treated as mental cases and not as criminals. prostitution, or organized crime. "BROADCAST". If given a proper rehabilitation, the criminal Once a youth ge·ts involved in crime, he and addict could lead a useful life. SEC. 3. The amendment made by section 1 finds himself deeply embroiled. An exam­ Our crime can be solved. Recruiting quality of this Act shall not take effect until the ple, is the drug addict. He starts out using police officers and establishing good relations date upon which the r.ules promulgated drugs as an escape, then s.teps toward with all members of the community is one under the proviso clause of said section be­ stronger, more ex:pen;sive drugs. In order to place to begin. The police with the private come effective: Provided, however, That said support his habit, he steals or becomes a citizen;s must set up programs in the city rulemaking shall be completed within two pusher and starts others on the habit. The to channel the energies of the youth into years of enactment of this Act: Provided situation of the prostitute is very similar productive enterprises and to divert the further, That the Commission shall report to tha,t of the addict. money from organized crime into the na­ to the Congress within one year of the date Behind these youths is an organization tional economy. The next step is the re­ of enactment of this Act on the status of formation of judicial procedures and per­ said rulemaking. which profi1:6 from the illegal efforts of these "poverty-stricken" youths. Supporting their sonnel. Also the prisons must rehabilitate illegal habits with loan shark deals, gam­ rather than further damage the criminals bling, prostitution and drugs, the organiza­ that enter them. If the prisoners were re­ tion makes money, which they channel into habilitated through these programs and half­ OAK PARK STUDENT WINS PRIZE other illegal endeavors. way houses, it would cut down on recidivism However, crime also affects the individual and the crime rate. Unfortunately, all these citizen. Fearing the possibi11ties of robbery, procedures cost money. In a poll taken by HON. HAROLD R. COLLIER rape, and assault, a citizen is afraid to leave Life magazine, seventy percent were willing OF ILLINOIS his house or walk the streets at night. He to have tax increases to fight crime. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fails to support the local businesses closed nation must use its tax money and other after dark, crime can run rampant, robbing government funds to combat crime and re- Tuesday, June 5, 1973 the few citizen;s on the street and burglariz­ form the system. ~ Mr. COLLIER. Mr. Speaker, last year ing the closed stores. This situation leads the Colgate-Palmolive Co. sponsored an the citizen;s to question the efficiency of the essay contest for junior and senior high pol:ice and the judicial system, when in real­ ity, the citizens, to stop crime, must back .A TRIBUTE TO FATHER NORMAN school students. Students from all over and unite with the police. the Nation participated, with entries GEORGE FOR 40 YEARS OF SERV­ One of the means of controlling crime is ICE TO GOD AND COUNTRY being judged on the basis of maturity of through the proper utilization of the police ideas, ability to recognize America's system. The police have become the scape­ domestic problems, and the soundness goat of these people frustrated by the sys­ HON. JACK F. KEMP and practicality of the proposed solu­ tem. That is one reason we need emotion­ ally stable policemen to control the possi­ OF NEW YORK tions. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Debra A. Beran, a 17-year-old student bil1ty of "police brutality". The qualifications for entering the police force should be stiff­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 from Oak Park, TIL, won second prize in ened to stress the mental, rather than physi­ the contest, which attracted 6,000 en­ cal qualifications. The man should have at Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, 40 years ago, tries. Naturally, I am highly pleased that least two years of college training and be in Innsbruck, Austria, a 28-year-old this young lady from my district was capable of exercising good judgement in young man from western New York was accorded this honor. Her well-reasoned, a time of emergency. The man should not ordained into the Roman Catholic priest­ well-written and thought-provoking be saddled with menial tasks, such as, clerical duties, looking for lost dogs and licensing hood. essay deserves a much wider audience. I bikes. The patrolman should be on patrol This coming Sunday, June 10, my am therefore inserting it in the RECORD. and gaining peoples' confidence and respect. friends and neighbors in Hamburg, N.Y., The essay follows: To obtain this type of man, the salary must community leaders and others in the TACKLING TODAY'S No. 1 DOMESTIC be lucrative. Also, to keep the men qualified, Greater Buffalo area will pay tribute to PROBLEM. . , , CRIME they should return to school, periodically. the Reverend Norman R. George for his (By Debra A. Beran) To fulfill these needs, both federal and local four decades of selfless service to God, funds must be appropriated. "Now when they were in the field Cain the faithful, our community, and our turned agairwt his brother Abel and slew Another necessary reform is in judicial country. him". Genesis 4. and prison systems. Today's courts are so backlogged that the offenders are either free Held in deep affection by my friend One of the earliest recordings of man's and district representative, Ed Rutkow­ ex.liStence, the Bible portl'ays a conflict be­ on bail to commit crimes or spend at least tween men. Unfortunately, over three thou­ eleven months under the influence of hard­ ski, and the other parishioners of ss. . sand years later the same bas1c conflict of ened criminals. The courts are so far behind, Peter and Paul Church and throughout man versus man still exists. Cr.ime, over our that police fail to arrest minor offenders. the Greater Buffalo area, Father George national problems of infi.a.tion, poverty, and However, without the threat of punishment, is a native son. drugs 1s the na.tion's number one problem. these criminals commit more crimes. Born in Wyoming County, southeast Crime is the root of these domestic problems. Hence, some possible reforms would be to of Buffalo in 1904, Father George was It has an impaot on our economy, moralLty cut the number of the jury from twelve to one of nine children. He attended paro­ and the lives of individual citizens. Although six, and to require a majority rather than a crime seems to be a part of human na.ture, unanimous verdict. This would speed up chial grade school in his hometown at a.s witnessed in the biblical reference, crime the process by eliminating retrials. Another Sheldon and graduated from St. Mary's must nOit be an influential f.actor in our way to alleviate the backlog, is to eliminate Academy in the little town of Strykers­ lives. trials for automobile accidents through no- ville. June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18205 During these years as a young man, of gentleness and hope, the prisons breed come part of a community corrections pro­ his compulsion to assist others was mani­ hate and despair. gram. Mr. Solomon sees no reason why the plates could not be made in a plant outside fested as he prepared to become a With Attica now on the collective con­ the prison, to provide a work-release program teacher. He went on to the old Buffalo science of America, changes are slowly for inmates who either don't want or can't State Teachers College and, for a time, coming. The realization that we had Ilandle training for more complex and de­ taught at the Sheldon District School. better deal rationally and compassion­ manding work. Later, he obtained his bachelor of arts ately with our prison population is On the other hand, one major fault of most degree from Canisius College before be­ solidifying. prisons is that the inmates are made to work ginning his theological studies at the Tom Wicker, in a recent New York at jobs for which there is little demand in the University of Innsbruck. community. In the Massachusetts program Times column, dealt with this. The that is taking shape, there is already a suc­ Following his ordination in 1933, article, entitled "Changing A Senseless cessful computer-programing training unit, Father George returned to the Buffalo System", is submitted for the informa­ aided by private industry. Another program diocese with an assignment as assistant tion of my colleagues: is channeling prisoners on work release into pastor at St. Joachim. Successive posts [From the New York Times, May 29, 1973] hospital staff work. Mr. Solomon envisions the as an assistant were at St. Mary Mag­ CHANGING A SENSELESS SYSTEM possibility of setting up the prisons' print shop as an outside business, to be run as dalene, Our Lady Help of Christians, St. (By Tom Wicker) Vincent de Paul, St. Boniface, and St. such by men on work release. BosToN.-More than a hundred years ago, One obvious advantage in such plans is that Joseph's New Cathedral. we had a giant prison down South and the the inmates could earn a decent wage-with Shortly after his appointment as pas­ prisoners were called slaves. The poor whites which they might keep their families off wel­ tor of the Immaculate Conception ran it and the planters got cheap labor. Now fare, or in some cases be made to compensate Church in Eden, N.Y., a suburb of Buffalo we've got a lot of prisons just like that--low­ the victims of their crimes. An income from in 1950, Father George arranged for the paid white guards and blacks in the cells. their own productive work could send them purchase of land for construction of a That is the view of John 0. Boone, the back to the community with savings, instead new church, school, and convent. In 1962, progressive new Commissioner of Corrections of empty pockets; and for some it might even he returned to St. Mary Magdalene who says he is bringing not "prison reform" stimulate self-respect-the lack of which but "community-based corrections" to Mas­ seems to be at the root of many offenders' Church as pastor, serving that parish sachusetts. And it is that view, rather than personalities. until his appointment at SS. Peter and the vague and deceptive concept of "reha­ Another benefit from the community ap­ Paul in 1967. bilitation," that seems to govern Mr. Boone's proach is that it can largely remove active From 1940 through 1948, Father approach. men and women from the corrosive and de­ George was the chaplain of the 65th "I've been through my rehabilitation structive idleness and boredom of cell life, Infantry, New York State National phase," he says of his twenty-year career menial and make-work jobs, and institutional Guard, with the rank of major. He re­ in the Federal prison system and at the routine; not all will benefit from producti~e District of Columbia's Lorton Prison. Now, work, useful training or educational oppor­ tired as chaplain of the 27th Division, with many other thoughtful professionals in tunity, but those who have latent ambition New York State National Guard, in 1950. the field, he seems much more interested in and abil1ty may find the means to cope with Father George's many contributions to more manageable goals-reducing the prison the stresses of returning to the community. our community include that of Buffalo population, closing prison facilities, saving All this is possible, John Boone believes, be­ diocese district youth director; district taxpayers' money, treating prisoners as hu­ cause so few-about 10 percent--of the of­ moderator of the Holy Name Society; man beings rather than as animals or slaves, fenders really have to be caged up to protect chaplain of the Councils of Catholic Men using their time of indebtedness to the state society. So far, his furlough and release pro• and Catholic Women; chaplain of Catho­ more sensibly for them and the public. grams bear out this view, as have similar pro• "Community-based corrections"-getting grams in other states. Moreover, there is lic Daughters of America and moderator prisoners out of institutions and back into money to be saved; Massachusetts was spend­ of the Saint Martin de Porres Interracial the community, under various degrees of ing about $8,000 a year on the mere custodial Club. control-is a means to all those ends. Nobody care of inmates before the new program was He served as a member of the Catholic has yet shown that it is also a means of "re­ launched. That is a high price for what all Charities Advisory Board, as a marriage habilitating" offenders or of reducing crime too often was the further training of an of­ counselor, a pre-Cana instructor, and significantly. In fact, nobody has shown that fender in a life of crime. was among the first chaplains of the any kind of correction can do that. "Most of the people in prison are so un­ Mr. Boone and others in the field never­ skilled they couldn't even steal $8,000 a year," Christian Family Movement. theless believe that the present system of John Boone likes to say. That is sad testimony Mr. Speaker, Father George will be incarceration is cruel, senseless, too expensive to the sheer senselessness of the system he honored at a mass at his church this Sun­ and makes the crime problem worse. Chang­ is trying to change. day, followed by a buffet and reception ing that system is therefore a good thing in in the Saints Peter and Paul School itself and might even give some inmates the Auditorium. skills, the chance, the self-esteem to make I feel it is a great privilege to bring better lives for themselves. Since almost all BOB HAMM SPECIAL REPORT his prisoners at some point will return to the this faithful servant of God and fel­ community, it is obviously self-defeating to low men to the attention of my distin­ send them back even less able to get into it guished colleagues. In behalf of my than when they were sent away. HON. DAVID C. TREEN constituents in the 38th Congressional Already in Massachusetts, work-release and OF LOUISIANA District of New York State, I wish to study-release programs at the various in­ publicly express our gratitude for his stitutions take many inmates back to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES years of work and contributions and to community during the day; for instance, Tuesday, June 5, 1973 wish him well for years to come. in one ninety-day program for youthful ad­ dicts and minor offenders, 90 per cent are Mr. TREEN. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ in work-release programs, earning an average ceived much correspondence on the issue of $100 a week and undergoing counseling of amnesty, and not one letter has been TOWARD TRUE CORRECTION and therapy at night. in favor of a general amnesty. Mr. Boone and Larry Solomon, the Cor­ KATC-TV in Lafayette, La., has a rections Department program director, also program entitled "Man on the Street." would like to bring about a closer integration of vocational training, actual work and work This program gives people the oppor­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL tunity to express their viewpoints on OF NEW YORK release, so that an inmate's necessary time of confinement could be put to better use. relevant issues. On one such program IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If the typical prison term is three years, Mr. the following viewpoint on amnesty was Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Solomon believes, in most cases the first presented. month ought to be one of interviewing, coun­ I wish to thank Mr. Verne Hawkins Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, by now it seling, classification; and the last eighteen for bringing this particular "Man on the is a commonly acknowledged and widely months ought to be spent on work or study Street" to my attention and I am insert­ held belief that our system of corrections release. The intervening seventeen months, ing it in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SO and our prisons are failing us. Instead depending on the prisoner, could be used for that my colleagues will have the oppor­ of rehabilitating and reforming their job tra.inlng, in prison education, productive work or whatever might be appropriate. tunity to read an opinion which is repre­ inmates, the prisons are training individ­ Even the most traditional prison occupa­ sentative of the correspondence I have uals for lives of further crime. Instead tion-making auto license plates-might be- received on the subject: C:XIX--1149-Part 14 18206 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973

BoB HAMM SPECIAL REPORT: MAN ON THE psychological reaction from their ordeal. But The progress in this field cannot be STREET to a degree that has astonished just about better told than the interview with a Yesterday, on our "Man on The Street" in­ everyone, the POWs seem to hBive adjusted pretty 23-year-old girl who doubles as terviews, we listened to comments for or beyond the most optimistic hope, many 1973 Poster Girl for the Kidney Founda­ against Amnesty for young people who il­ seem to delight in crowds (particularly tion of Western New York, Inc., and as legally evaded military service during the crowds of children) and others have assumed VietNam Crisis. It is easy to sympathize with far more responsibility than almost anyone assistant to the foundation director. these people . . . easy to understand why thought possible. She is Adrienne Webdale, whose daily they preferred violation of the law of the Take another example, that of infants activities now are so normal that most land to killing or dying in the dirty little isolated during the first years of their life. people do not know she's a transplant re­ war in Indo China. In other wars, young Previously it was believed that such experi­ cipient. She says she often forgets it men have marched off as heroes . . . come ences inexorably doomed them to a lifetime herself. home as victors ... and have been allowed to of retardation. But Jerome Kagan, Harvard The great strides that are being made feel that they played a. part in God's plan for human developmentalist, reported in a re­ freedom from oppression, fear and depriva­ cent issue of the now-defunct Saturday Re­ in medical research are a subject of tion. The warriors in Vietnam were not al­ view of Education on his recent experiences constant amazement and appreciation. lowed this feeling of noble participation in among infants in a Guatemalan vUlage who, Adrienne provides a special stimulation a bloody bUJt necessary mission, the fam11ies in an effort to protect them from the evil to the work of the foundation in western of those who died in other wars could say eye, are completely isolated by parents dur­ New York. proudly that a loved one had given all he ing the first years of their lives. Although Karen Brady has captured the saga of had or was for a holy cause. Fam1lies did not the infants were retarded at the end of their Adrienne and the entire effort in her say that sons, brothers and fathers fell in isolation, this abnormal experience had not Southeast Asia. When other wa!'s were con­ affected the basic intellectual functions of excellent interview which I include with cluded, there were great celebrations ... the village's 11-year-olds or their ab111ty to my remarks: and even a feeling that maybe the war to experience normal gaiety and sadness, guilt POSTER GIRL HERSELF HAD KIDNEY end all wars had finally been fought. No­ and shame. On the contrary, Mr. Kagan TRANSPLANT body even considered that possib11ity this found them alert, active, affective. (By Karen Brady) time around. The foe is unvanquished. The Then there's the durable old subject, I.Q. "I can eat, drink and be merry now!" says peace is uneasy. The government our young Whereas psychologists used to think im­ Adrienna Webdale. "I could live to be 80. men died to support is quite possibly un­ provement stopped at age 16, that was re­ Or I could die tomorrow. Just like anyone worthy. Thus, it is easy to sympathize with vised upward to age 25 in the 1940s. Now Dr. else." the young men who evaded the draft. But John Kangas, director of the University of A bright, exceedingly pretty 23-year-old. •.. our sympathy is about all we can afford Santa Clara: Counseling Center, has compiled Adrienne is the 1973 poster girl for the to give. We cannot give them a precedent of statistics that appear to show a person's I.Q. Kidney Foundation of Western New York amnesty which would apply in future situa­ increases as he grows older, continuing to Inc. tions where an ugly war begun in a steanung rise even after age 44. She's also assistant to the foundation's jungle might spread from hamlets whose None of the above can be considered more director, Donald I. Downing. names we can't pronounce or remember ... than isolated examples, the very first inklings And she's one of hundreds of Western New to our own shores . . . bringing with it an of what might someday prove to be trends; Yorkers who are alive today because of a oppressive ideology which would wipe out the it will be years before their significance can successful kidney transplant. nation as we know it. When our flag goes be known. And we cite them, not to imply "Most people don't even know I'm a trans­ into battle, it is imperative that we follow agreement, but to underscore the pitfalls of plant," Adrienne told me casually, "Some­ it. Amnesty now would mean that Americans trying to fit all human beings or behavior times I even forget myself." may now refuse to follow the flag, and when into narrow categories. But only five years ago, Adrienne wasn't we no longer follow the flag, the nation will Few people make that mistake in individ­ eating, drinking or being merry. be in retreat. And that's our Special Report. ual cases, yet it's amazing how often most She wasn't working or going to school of us are willing, even eager, to generalize either. about human behavior in support of or op­ Instead, she was hospitalized much position to school busing, pre-school educa­ of the time, so that she could be kept alive PROBING HUMAN BEHAVIOR tion or dozens of other socio-psychological by a kidney machine. She didn't feel well issues that are anything but clear cut when or look well. Her diet was so strict that she they are injected into politics. was allowed only one pint of fluid, and tw<> Obviously, governments must proceed on ounces of protein, a day. HON. ROBERT P. HANRAHAN assumptions based on the best available evi­ "Both my kidneys have been removed,'• dence at the time, and wise governments OF ILLINOIS Adrienne explained. "I ' was very happy. I will adjust their policies as new evidence be­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hated being so sick. I wanted a trans­ comes available. Without trying to draw too plant ..." Tuesday, June 5, 1973 fine a parallel, we have the impression that is what the administration is attempting NO LONGER RARITY Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, the to do (although admittedly in a heavy­ Luckily, kidney transplants are no longer Wall Street Journal editorial of May 29, handed and not very articulate manner) in a rarity. And even more luckily, the mem­ 1973, entitled, "Probing Human Be­ paring the many social programs of the '60s bers of Adrienne's family were anxious t<> that, in light of the empirical evidence, help her. They all submitted to tests to havior" is one that deserves our full at­ determine their blood and tissue typings. It is simply were based on false and incomplete tention. an excellent piece and premises. "I stood the best chance of a successful serves, I think, to give us a better per­ transplant if my new kidney came from spective on our roles as legislators. Let However that may be, the examples cited someone in my family," Adrienne said. us take note of this editorial included above, together with countless other ex­ "Our blood and tissue typings were much amples of how little we really know about more apt to be the same." below, and take a fresh look at our ef­ individual motivation and reaction, should forts and endeavors here in Congress: And so, on July 17, 1968, Adrienne's give pause to all of us, editorial writers as father-Alfred C. Webdale Sr.-gave one o-r PROBING HUMAN BEHAVIOR well as sociologists, who act as though we his healthy kidneys to his youngest daugh­ What Inakes man tick? What are the alone have the answers for improving or reg­ ter. The double operation took place at causes and components of the human con­ ulating human behavior through social leg­ Deaconess Hospital and was highly success­ dition? Although we are probably better able islation. ful. to answer those questions today than ever As she spoke, Adrienne eyed the telephone before, even now we appear to be largely in on her desk. the dark. And our groping has important POSTER GIRL FOR KIDNEY MONTH "I'm waiting for a call from Ontario," she pol!itical as well as sociological and psycho­ IS INSPIRATION TO ALL said. "Two kidneys are on their way here ... logical implications. To understand why, it When the call actually came, Adrienne is instructive to examine several recent find­ said, she would go to the border with a ings. HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI sheriff's escort, which would then rush Again and again warnings were raised that OF NEW YORK Adrienne and the kidneys to Roswell Park returning POWs would have difficulty ad­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Memorial Institute and Meyer Memorial justing to their new surroundings, that they Hospital where kidney patients were wait­ would recoil from crowds and responsibil­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 ing with their doctors for transplants. ities, that they would be a long time emerg­ Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, great prog­ "The kidneys were donated by dying per­ ing from the shock of captivity. Military wel­ sons," Adrienne said. "Apparently they coming plans were carefully based on just ress has been made in the past few years weren't needed in Ontario right now. Prob­ such self-evident assumptions. in the treatment of kidney diseases and, ably the blood and tissue typings weren't The warnings proved true in some cases. particularly, in the successful trans­ right for the patients there waiting for trans­ And other POWs will no doubt suffer delayed plant of kidneys. plants." June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18207 A very efficient young woman with an ogy at Rosary Hill College. She was a cum be equated with Cabinet and sub-Cabinet understandable dedication to her job, laude graduate and her senior thesis-a paper posts for which confirmation is appropriate." Adrienne sometimes works six days a week on how price differences affect consumers' It is after all President Nixon who is left for the foundation whose headquarters are product choices-will be presented to the holding the bag when Congress passes one at 1107 Harlem Rd. in Cheektowaga. American Psychological Association in Mon­ blll after another without, seemingly, much FOUNDATION BEGAN 1958 treal in August. regard for a balanced financial structure. "The only things I have to do now that Despite the President's view to the con­ "The foundation was started in 1958 by most other people don't is have extra medi­ parents here who had children with kidney trary, it is not to be questioned that the OMB cal checkups and take a small amount of exerts a ponderous influence comparable to disease," Adrienne said. "It's non-profit and medication,'' said Adrienne. "But sometimes has several programs . . . " that of a Cabinet position. Undoubtedly, I think if I'd been born 10 years earller, the therefore, it merits some kind of Senate con­ These include an organ donor and kidney doctors probably couldn't have helped me. recovery program which enables people like trol as to the choice of its chief. That's how fast they're progressing in kidney However, Congress might make better you and me to arrange now to have one or research." both of our kidneys donated after death so headway in the controversy if it requested that someone else may llve. It also pays for such control from Mr. Nixon in the adminis­ the donated kidneys and the donor's surgi­ trations of future presidents, thereby elimi­ cal expenses. It sees that there is a team of BAD TIMING nating the possibly vindictive aspect of the trained surgeons on hand at all times in newly vetoed bill. Western New York, so that kidneys may be In any case, it was the wrong time and removed and transplanted as soon as HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY wrong place for this confrontation. possible. OF CONNECTICUT I should add, Mr. Speaker, that I have The foundation provides medical fellow­ ships to encourage young doctors to special­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES joined with my colleagues

REASSESSING OUR INTEREST IN 100th anniversary of his death in Africa from writing with "no interest except in terms AFRICA malaria. of environmental protection for future The insect which caused Dr. Livingstone's generations." death is a hero across the continent in Sierra Leone, which (like Northern Rhodesia) ,was This is the kind of article which Mrs. HON. EDWARD G. BIESTER, JR. Phyllis Fitzgerald, "a full-time mother OF PENNSYLVANIA once under British rule. Sierra Leone fias established the Order of the Mosquito to re­ of five" and the wife of a prominent IN THE HOUSE OF REPnESENTATIVES ward military or civil gallantry, because, tne Louisville attorney, has written. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Government explained, by making that coun­ Mr. Speaker, I include Mrs. Fitzger­ try "the white man's grave," the mosquito ald's article in its entirety at this point Mr. BIESTER. Mr. Speaker, I would prevented Europeans from settling there. in the RECORD: like to commend to the attention of my This contrast in attitude is only a small way RECYCLING IS 0NL Y ONE PHASE OF THE colleagues an editorial which recently in which nations differ on the vast African continent. Za.mbia and Sierra Leone are CONSERVATION PICTURE appeared in the Philadelphia Evening (By Phyllis L. Fitzger!W.d) Bulletin. among the 41 members of the Organization of African Unity, now holding its annual meet­ How critical must our dwindling supply of The editorial touches on a number of ing on Thursday in 'Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, natural resources become before Americans the concerns and considerations about where it was founded 10 years ago, .amid realize that we must slow down the excess Africa which should receive our close at­ hopes for a new day of freedom, self-deter­ demand for new supplies by recycling our tention. It is not new to say that Africa mination and pan-African cooperation. existing waste materials back into useful has failed in the past to be given the Some progress has been made, but in those consumer goods? amount and kind of attention it has de­ 10 years, Africa has been wracked by tribal An outsider must surely weep at the sight served. However, I feel we are coming wars, racial animosities, rebellion against ves­ of an incinerator plant polluting our cities to the realization that our own interests, tiges of white colonial domination, a grow­ with smoke, gases and ashes frcm such valu­ ing economic gap, prodigious poverty and able commodities as paper, aluminum, steel, as well as those of the African peoples lagging agricultural production unable to glass, wood and food wastes. What will we do themselves, lie in greater nation-to-na­ keep up with mushrooming population when there are no longer trees for wood and tion involvement between their govern­ growth. paper, gas and oil for fuel and travel, metal­ ments and ours. Africa's importance to the rest of the world lic ores, sand and rock for building mate­ There will be opportunities for the is immense. In a time of energy crisis and rials? United States to aid various African na­ dwindling natural resources, Africa is a vast The time has come for nations, govern­ tions based on regional and multilateral untapped storehouse of oil and minerals. It is ments, businesses and individuals to take stock of their resources and of how to re­ arrangements, but as much as we might located strategically across major shipping routes. And with a growing population al­ cycle every scrap of paper, every bottle or wish to treat the continent as a homog­ ready over the 370-million mark, it is an at­ can, every junk car or refrigerator, every enous grouping the nations of Africa-­ tractive potential market for industrial goods. newspaper back into m:eful items. with all their diversity and complexity­ American business investment in Africa Let us start with the average consumer. merit a closer and more individualized has topped $4 billion, American trade with If he separated the glass, tin and aluminum approach. Africa has risen by 30 percent in five years, cans, newspapers, other waste paper and The Anglo-American Parliamentarian and U.S. assistance to Africa reached $400 food scraps fronrr the rest of the trash, he would probably reduce the amount of throw­ Conference on Africa meets in Philadel­ million last year. But the U.S. faces stiffening competition there, diplomatically and eco­ away garbage to less than 25 per cent of the pia from June 14 to 18. Composed of leg­ nomically, from Europe, the Soviet Union .and original amount. islative representatives from Britain, China. AN EXAMPLE IN POINT Canada, and the United States this an­ U.S. relations with Africa are handicapped In my own family of two adults and five nual conference will share ideas relating by American ties with white-ruled regimes children, we have been separating this trash, to policies toward Africa and continue in South Africa and Rhodesia, and with the taking most of it to the recycling center, giv­ to seek a greater understanding of com­ remaining colonial governments-most no­ ing the newspapers to the Boy Scout paper mon problems regarding Africa. I partici­ tably Portugal, a key member of NATO which drive, and burying the food scraps in our leases bases in the Azores to the U.S. pat ed in this meeting last year and am tiny flower garden (most of this disintegrates Besides its economic potential and strategic in a matter of days, adding mulch and nu­ orivileged to again be able to join with location, Africa is important to the U.S. be­ a number of my colleagues from the trients to the soil, and we have never had cause about 11 percent of the population of any trouble with rodents). We have reduced House and Senate in attending the up­ the U.S. is of African ancestry. Rising black our throw-away garbage from five to six cans coming discussions this month. Through consciousness in America, with concurrent to less than one can per week. such continuing dialogs on policies in­ interest in black Americans' African heritage, It would be easier if the sanitation depart­ volving Africa, I am encouraged that we makes concern for African development de­ ment would take these separated items and can redefine our approach to Africa and sirable politically, at home. recycle them, but since they don't we feel it is If it was ever practical to dismiss Africa well worth our time to take these items to formulate sound policies based on mu­ as a primitive Dark Continent, it surely is tual respect and interest. the recycling center ourselves every four to no longer. In this shrinking world, then, six weeks. (Incidentally, the recycling cen­ Stereotypes have a way of lingering on what happens when the Organization for ters will take glass bottles and jars, tin cans, long past the time there was any basis African Unity meets this week is important in aluminum cans, newspapers and other bun­ in fact for the overgeneralizations in the Philadelphia as well as in Addis Ababa. dled paper, consisting of magazines, letters, first place. If Africa remains the "Dark cardboard and other such material). Once a Continent" to many in our country, it system is devised within your household for can be characterized as dark primarily collection and storage, delivery takes very RECYCLING IS ONLY ONE PHASE OF because we have failed to illuminate and little time. THE CONSERVATION PICTURE educate ourselves about it. There are Recycling is only part of the solution to the waste of our natural resources. We con­ many reasons for reexamining our posi­ sumers can help cut down on waste by avoid­ tion with respect to Africa, and the edi­ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI ing products that are over-packaged, by tak­ torial, which follows, briefly summarizes OF KENTUCKY ing our market bags to the grocery store, by a few of them: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES buying returnable bottles rather than throw­ [From the Philadelphia (Pa.) Evening aways, and by le·tting manufacturers know Bulletin, May 23, 1973] Tuesday, June 5, 1973 what we think about waste. In addition to filling our garbage can with THE NOT-SO-DARK CONTINENT Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Spea ker, I would visible waste products, mcst of us are guilty To Americans, David Livingstone is the mis­ like to bring to the attention of the of unconscionable waste of electric power, sionary whom Spencer Tracy presumed he Membership an article on conservation water, oil and gas, all of which are draining had found in Darkest Africa in one of Holly­ which was published in the Louisville our natural resources. wood's more memorable epics. Courier-Journal for May 14, 1973. It doesn't take too much imaginat ion to To President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, This article contains very useful and see that by using carpools and buses we could which the British called Northern Rhodesia, reduce air pollution and slow down the de­ he was a Briton with "a sense of mission as a interesting observations and recommen­ dations for dealing with the environ­ pletion of our oil reserves. In addition, nearly servant of the people of Africa (who) did not every home, business and public building see himself as leader in any sense at all." mental crisis in our country. could cut back on fuel and electricity by About 1,000 Zambians joined President It is refreshing today, when everyone manipulating the the·rmosta.ts and by con­ Kaunda in the ceremony at which he unveiled has "an ax to grind," to read a thought­ serving the use of small appliances that are a plaque in Dr. Livingstone's memory, on the ful, well-written article by a lady who is so costly in terms of the amount of electricity 18210 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 used. Many worthwhile groups, such as our in useless wars and dubious giveaway The first of these operations was a wire­ local Strategies for Environmental Control, programs has brought the dollar dilemma tap program begun in 1969, allegedly involv­ · ·can give the individual consumer much val­ ing fewer than 20 telephone bites of varying upon us. Now the hapless American is duration. The second operation, approved by uable information on ingenious ways to con­ being made to pay doubly for it-once in serve water and power. the President in 1970, foresaw the resump­ Many of these measures are just a drop in supplying the dollars and again in suf­ tion of a broad domestic intelligence program the bucket when compared with what could fering the inflation resulting from it. that specifically authorized breaking and en­ be done by business, industry and govern­ Mr. Buckley added in his Worcester tering for surveillance purposes. This plan ment to conserve and recycle waste. But I talk: was. however, scotched five days after its ap­ believe the average citizen must first develop proval as a result of J . Edgar Hoover's stren­ Because we seek economic equilibrium by uous objections. According to the President, a personal environmental conscience, put it requiring more of these cheapened pieces of into practice, and reap the personal satisfac­ John Dean has obtained copies of this secret paper in exchange for the wealth we create, plan, which are now in the hands of federal tion from having been a part in the conserva- ' we are blamed for infiathm ... The dollar tion of nature before he or she takes thiS prosecutors and the Senate Watergate in­ is worth less-and that's why all of us have vestigators. Lt 1S possible that Richard conscience to the business world for larger to pay more. action there. Nixon's initials are attached to this docu­ When this happens, we will see the begin­ I am glad that men such as Mr. ment. The third operation was the creation ning of a local and then a national con­ Buckley, men who know the economic of the plumber group, offshoots of which science concerned with the preservation of situation by being totally involved in it would ultimately be caught inside Demo­ our natural resources. with great responsibilities upon them, cratic National Committee headquarters. Once this conscience is created, perhaps In sum, the President is spelling out a businesses will come up with a long list of have started to speak out in contradic­ Nuernberg defense for himself and his ad­ waste-saving practices such as the following: tion of those Federal apologists who have ministration. His superior is National Secu­ Collection and recycling of paper from the sought to sell the public on the absurd rity, which compelled him to break the law; large office buildings. (Couldn't this be a idea that official cheapening of the dollar his underlings broke it because they were profitable business for janitors as well as the is a good thing. We heard that repeatedly instructed to do so by him. The fiow of au­ reycling industry, to say nothing about sav­ thority, then, is National Security-President­ in the wake of the latest devaluation. Gestapo. The justification for those in the ing trees?) And what actually has been the result. Use of recycled paper in businesses. chain of command, from bottom to top, is Inflation still threatens at home and Nuernberg. Reduction of the amount of paper used the dollar remains in even deeper trouble Of the three operations undertaken by the by changing to smaller size paper for such abroad. President, the second is most fundamentally things as letters, memos and circulars. chilling because it posits that he and his Reduction of the size of magazine and As Mr. Buckley said, we should be a lot more angry than we are over this mis­ agents are above the law. The President, after newspapers to smaller, more manageable all, authorized a plan that included an un­ sizes. This would revolutionize advertising, handling of our economic well-being and, specified variety of felonies, possibly of very but let's face it. Do we really need a whole indeed, would be if we had not been wide scope. This is precisely what the plumb­ page of newsprint to tell about a refreshing gulled and confused by the so-called ad­ ers did i:"l Ellsberg's psychiatriSt's office, at cigarette, a new car or sofa? The price of ad­ ministration experts. As angry public, the Watergate and perhaps elsewhere. In vertising could be scaled down with the cost fully understanding what Mr. Buckley short, the Gestapo was activated in :;pite of of the paper. termed "the curious case of the busted Hoover's veto. Cutting down on excess packaging in prod­ That takes us to the testimony of Bernard ucts. Three or four layers of cardboard, cel­ buck," could force an end to the profli­ Barker, the Watergate-Ellsberg burglar cur­ lophane, paper and plastic are not needed on gate overseas programs and the inexcus­ rently residing in a Connecticut cellblock. most items. able Government waste domestically, Barker, it will be recalled, copped a plea and Standardizing jars and lids to a few sizes both of which are responsible for the was provisionally sentenced to a lengthy jail so the jars could be returned and reused just wobbly dollar and the rocketing inflation. term, for what was formerly assumed to be as soft drink bottles are returnable. In some It is high time to get mad. a breaking and entering operation authorized countries, one must pay a deposit on jars at by CREEP. That, it turns out, was not the the market, and these are returned and re­ case at all. used by packers. Ten years after his government authorized Prohibition of throwaway bottles and cans. role in the Bay of Pigs invasion Barker was This list could go on and on, and let's hope ANOTHER NUERNBERG? recruited by E. Howard Hunt, then domiciled it does. But first, let's get involved in a per­ in the White House, for a national 3ecurity sonal way. If I save one tree from being cut operation that the Cuba group was led to down by recycling my family's waste paper, HON. CHARLES H. WILSON believe originated with an intelligence group the whole effort will not have been in vain. OF CALIFORNIA above the FBI and CIA. Ellsberg, Barker was If our whole state got into the act, we might IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES told, was slipping U.S. secrets to the Soviet actually save the whole Daniel Boone Na­ Union. Barker raided Ellsberg's psychiatrist's tional Forest for our children to enjoy. And Tuesday, June 5, 1973 office. Subsequently, he was told that the if the whole nation joined us, we would have Castro government was financing 1972 a cleaner, healthier country for all to share. Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Cali­ Democratic presidential candidates. Bar­ fornia. Mr. Speaker, Tom Dowling in the ker broke into the Watergate. Evening Star-News of May 28 wrote an Barker, by his own account, received no extremely provocative article analyzing pecuniary benefits for these operations. He THE BUSTED BUCK President Nixon's statement of May 22. participated in them as a patriot and anti­ Nixon's admission that the plumbers and communist ideologue working covertly but their actions had been sanctioned for officially on behalf of national security. Iron­ HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS ically, the President of the United States last reasons of national security, Dowling ex­ week confirmed Barker's assumption. The OF PENNSYLVANIA pects will have one of two possible re­ man was, in fact, a member of a doubtlessly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sults: If the President's orders are de­ unlawful organization, but one nevertheless Tuesday, June 5, 1973 clared legal, the United States is in ef­ legitimized by authority of Richard Nixon. fect sanctioning a secret organization What this means, among other things, is Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, Robert paralleling the Nazi Gestapo; if declared that Barker, the other Cubans and possibly J. Buckley, president of Allegheny Lud­ unlawful, the President b.ecomes a co­ McCord were railroaded by a fraudulent gov­ lum Industries, Inc., told a management ernment prosecution. Under our code of crim­ defendant and is likely to be subject to inal law the prosecution is obligated to in­ club meeting in Worcester, Mass., the impeachment proceedings. In either case, form defendants and their counsel of any other night that devaluation of the dol­ the consequences for the United States exculpatory information in its possession. lar is not the cure-all that White House are most grave. I therefore submit this Any such exculpatory evidence withheld from economists have led many to believe. article to the RECORD in order that all the defense by the prosecution forms a basis Rather, in Mr. Buckley's judgment, may benefit from Dowling's perceptive for the reversal of conviction and the void­ Americans should be "much angrier" ing of guilt. analysis: It is clear from Nixon's May 22 statement than they are that the wealth they pro- USING THE NUERNBERG DEFENSE FOR duce is measured in terms of a ''de­ that he was in possession of knowledge about WATERGATE the real nature of Barker's activities. Under valued and weakened dollar." (By Tom Dowling) our system of law presidellitlal knowledge 1S I could not agree more. The Federal In his May 22 statement Richard Nixon imputed to Attorney General Richard Klein­ spending binge in which the hard-earned confesses to the establishment of a tripartite dienst, AssiStant Attorney General Henry money of our people has been tossed Gestapo-type White House entity for national Peterson and the prosecuting team of Silbert, with reckless abandon all over the world security purposes. Glanzer and Campbell. Yet, exculpatory pres- June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18211 idential ·knowledge was, in fact, withheld far exhibits that the CIA used remarkable "cheap food" advocates who are making from the Watergate defendants. restraint in refusing to go along with do­ our task very difficult by demanding Henry Rothblatt, the original attorney for mestic political espionage operatives and Barker and the Cubans, planned to plead his persons who later admitted that they broke lower food prices. clients innocent. Perhaps Rothblatt had ex­ into a psychiatrist's office in Los Angeles. Mr. Speaker, the Farm Journal recent­ tracted the Ellsberg incident from the Cu­ By and large the CIA lived up to the pro­ ly explored this problem in an editorial, bans, perhaps he was shrewd enough to sus­ scription that it cannot operate within the which, with your permission, and for the pect that the trail of guilt let not to CREEP borders of the United States of America. edification of my colleagues, I would like headquarters, but to the White House itself. The danger that exists 1s that there wlll to insert in the RECORD: In any event, in light of the President's be a public overreaction to the dramatic THE "CHEAP FOOD" LOBBY May 22 admissions of the Gestapo's existence disclosures of the hour, a reaction that will and its justification on the basis of national result in legislation or exposure that hurts At this writing, it's touch and go whether security, Rothblatt's not guilty defense was the mission of the CIA. At best, unfortunate­ Congress will force a roll-back or some form in fact the best shot available to Barker and ly, the public has only a hazy concept of of tighter controls on meat prices. the Cubans. CIA operations based on a blend of rumor, From his first-hand experience with the However, by denying the Watergate de­ third hand information and suspicion that Office of Price Administration in World War fendants exculpatory evidence that could borders on antipathy because many of the II, President Nixon knows that price controle have been used on their behalf, the White agency's intelligence activities are repugnant on meat won't work. Says another high Ad­ House has put both itself and the conviction to American sensitivities. It is exactly this ministration official with similar experience: of the Cubans in extreme peril. The attor­ kind of atmosphere and reaction that has "If you put controls on meat, the bone will neys for the Cubans have a number of op­ led to some 200 bllls in the last decade to stay in and the fat will stay on. The IRS tions open to them by way of vacating the alter the operations of the CIA. (Internal Revenue Service) would need an original judgment of guilt. The writ of Fortunately, cooler heads always have pre­ agent standing behind every butcher in the Coram Nobis allows the court to correct its vailed in Congress, which fully realizes the country!" errors on the basis of new facts that were indispensable mission that CIA plays in gath­ Yet consumer representatives, testifying not known at the time of trial. Nixon's ering foreign intelligence that establishes the before the almost continuous Congressional May 22 statement-giving the color of presi­ basis of the U.S. foreign policy. Indeed, the hearings in Washington, seem oblivious to dential authority to the Cuban's activities­ CIA was born in 1947 in the aftermath of such warnings. After listening to testimony is such a new fact. World War II when President Truman real­ about the difficulties of imposing controls, Additionally, the question of entrapment ized the crippling results of inadequate in­ they say in effect: "We want price controls, is now applicable. W·atergate cannot be sep­ telligence before bombs rained on Pearl Har­ whether or not they work." arated out here. Barker and the Cubans par­ bor, and when he assessed the growing threat The ignorant and naive are dangerous ticipated in the Ellsberg incident for na­ of Russian aggression. enough, but the current hearings in Wash­ tional security purposes. The White House CIA has, we believe, lived up to its expecta­ ington expose an even greater threat to has so identified the purpose of its activities tions. To be sure it has had its share of fail­ farmers. It is the Cheap Food Lobby in Con­ against Ellsberg. Thus, in good f.aJth, the ures such as the faulty information about the gress: Big-city Representatives like Benja­ Cubans undertook another such national se­ Bay of Pigs. It also has been in the center of min Rosenthal and Bella Abzug of New York, curity mission against the Democrats. They jurisdictional disputes such as its support of who went on campaigning for lower food were, in fact, given government authority to youth and women's associations in the late prices. even when farmers were getting 90¢ break and enter in both instances. The Cam­ 1960s. At this juncture it is essential to re­ for corn and $15 for hogs; champions of the den 28 were acquitted for breaking and enter­ peat, however, that we hear about the fail­ underprivileged, who insist that food is part ing a draft beard on the grounds that a ures, but not the successes. of the American birthright; even some farm­ federal agent entrapped them into doing so. CIA can be expected to make mistakes sim­ state members of Congress, who s'imulta­ Liddy and Hunt were running these bur­ ply because of the law of averages or the neously demand higher incomes for farmers glaries with the admitted authority of the rules of human fallibility. '!'he goal for the and lower food prices for consumers. President. Thus, the Cubans were entrapped United States, in this regard, is to preserve In our desire to increase farmers' incomes, and then subsequently denied the discovery the organization, but also to be certain that we in agriculture have frequently played into of exculpatory evidence central to their de­ there are adequate restraints to prevent it the hands of the Cheap Food Lobby. The fense. from stepping out of bounds. Surplus Commodity Program, the School In the end, the May 22 s·tatement means The restraints appear to exist. The CIA op­ Lunch, the Food Stamp and the Food for one of two things: The Cubans and all of erates under the constant supervision of the Peace programs all were launched and are their ;mperiors will go free on the basis of National Security Council, which includes still billed as "farm programs" even though Nuernberg, or the Nuernberg defense will the representatives of the President, secre­ the chief beneficiaries in each case are con­ fall and with it the Nixon Administration. tary of state and secretary of defense. It re­ sumers. For the President's national security defense ports in detail to the President's foreign in­ By now, millions of people have been con­ boils down to this: The Cubans were obeying telligence policy board. Its budget is studied ditioned to free or cheap food through one the President's orders, which were either or more of these programs. Is it any wonder line by line by the Office of Budget and Man­ that these people rise up in indignation when legal or unlawful. If the former, the Republic agement and by four committees in Congress. the price of food dares to climb even half as admits to legalizing a Gestapo! If the lat­ The final check and balance, we believe, is ter, the President of the United States be­ much as other prices have climbed over the that even the CIA could not long perpetrate last 20 years? comes the missing eighth co-defendant in cloak and dagger programs in the United The Cheap Food Lobby is capitalizing on the Trial of the Watergate 7 and impeach­ States without soon being brought to heel by ment must be squarely faced. current consumer resentment over food the basic system-including a free and in­ prices. You hear such comments as "Our food quiring press. supply is too crucial to leave to the whims of farmers;" or "Really, we ought to treat food production as a public utility." RESTRAINTS ON CIA ADEQUATE For the most part, these are the same peo­ THE CHEAP FOOD LOBBY ple who plug for universal free medical care. Because of the close connection between good HON. BOB WILSON nutrition and good health, it's a simple step OF CALIFORNIA HON. JOHN M. ZWACH for them to convert the argument for one IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MINNESOTA into a justification for the other. It becomes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES difficult to oppose them when they invoke Tuesday, June 5, 1973 the image of "little children whose brains Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, under Tuesday, June 5, 1973 have been permanently damaged by mal­ leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, our House nutrition." ORD, I include the following: By playing on the public's fears, consumer Committee on Agriculture, of which I am groups have won a long series of victories on fFrom the San Diego Union, May 23, 1973] a member, currently is working on a new such issues as voting more money for Food RESTRAINTS ON CIA ADEQUATE farm bill which we hope will guarantee a Stamps, banning the feeding of stilbestrol On surveying the troubled world and the plentiful supply of food not only for our to cattle and tightening up on meat inspec­ dangers that this condition poses to the se­ American people, but for the hungry tion. Now that these and similar moves have curity of the United States of America we people of the world. helped run up the cost of meat, they're back can conclude that the last problem that the While we work on this legislation, we again, blaming it all on farmers and demand­ U.S. Central Intelligence Agency needed was must come up with a plan that will in­ ing price controls on food. involvement in the Pentagon Papers case and Price controls are a battle you can't afford the Watergate affair. sure an adequate income for our pro­ to lose. This time the result would be more Not that we believe that the CIA will be ducers so that they will have an incen­ than another raid on the public treasury, damaged in the long run on the basis of tive to raise more food. more than another boost in your tax bill. its exposure in the two national scandals. However, as we work toward that end, This time your very existence as an inde­ On the contrary, the testimony offered so we have misguided and uninformed pendent businessman is at stake. 18212 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 Because the rise in food prices has been and the major oil company notices, re­ The old AFL, the Buffalo Bills, and the so recent, a roll-back wlll trap you between ceived by farmers during the past few city of Buffalo, and people such as Ralph costs which were already inflated and farm Wilson, Jr., Joe Foss, Cookie Gilchrist, prices which had never had a chance to months warning them that their supplies catch up. In fact, consumer pressures al­ of gas and oil products will be rationed, Coach Lou Saban, AI Davis, 0. J. Simp­ ready have forced the Administration to turn are untrue. son, Paul McGuire, Rick Azar, and Larry loose so many crop acres that we may see If rationing occurs or supercedes the Felser are but a few of the outstanding corn prices collapse this fall as they did in Allocation Act then production will nec­ people whose lives were deeply touched 1960 and 1967 under similar circumstances. essarily be down, prices will go up, and and shaped by the wise counsel of Jack Or worse, the Cheap Food Lobby will use supplies of agricultural products will be Horrigan. the current outcry to get a hammerlock on livestock like they're had on some crops for totally inadequate. His ability to make us laugh at our­ so many years. With the price issue in mind, I would selves and our faults, and our pompous­ like to emphasize my position with refer­ ness, will always remain vivid with me. It ence to independents, who have been a was Jack Horrigan who, when I told him catalyst in keeping the gas and oil prices, I would retire to run for Congress in OUR FIRST PRIORITY-FUEL FOR paid by the consumer, at a reasonable 1970 said: AGRICULTURE level. It is my position that they must re­ Oh, I thought you quit playing back in main a viable contributor in the gas and 1967. HON. HAROLD T. JOHNSON oil market. If the gas shortage has been It was also Jack who first said that contrived, then those who contributed to I was a cinch for Congress because the OF CALIFORNIA it must be the ones to pay for it; the people would be fearful that I would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES independents' role in the market should come back and play football for the Buf­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 not be compromised. falo Bills if I lost the election. He still We have been told repeatedly that food Mr. JOHNSON of California. Mr. makes me laugh and always will. prices will soon stabilize. Apparently, this Each of us has had one or two pro­ Speaker, as the Representative of a con­ is an acknowledgment on the part of the gressional district with substantial agri­ foundly influential people in our lives, administration that the agribusiness sec­ and I am proud to be able to let the cultural or farming interests and a State tor of our economy will not be thrown renowned for its agricultural production, world know that Jack Horrigan was one another curve--like the Soviet wheat of those people in my life. I sincerely I am dismayed by much of what has hap­ deal. Let us hope, therefore, that the pened to agriculture as a result of the hope that a suitable scholarship fund voluntary allocation or some later, more can be set up as an a ward to some de­ gasoline shortage. In this contemporary stringent act, will effectively come to technological world, horses no longer are serving boy or girl who best exemplifies grips with a problem that is rapidly slip­ the greatness of this man. used to plow the land and bring in the ping from our grasp. harvests. In today's world, farming is I will be absent part of the session on The gasoline shortage is admittedly Wednesday for his funeral in Buffalo done by machines. These machines, trac­ a very complex problem which has ten­ tors, harvesters, and so forth, run on and I was absent on Monday to be with acles reaching into each and every part his family at the funeral home. gasoline. of our economy and even our social struc­ No gasoline. ture. But, when you get down to the last I include two articles at this point No running machines. piece of cake you have got to decide who which are typical of the love and respect No crops. needs it the most-! interject that the for this dedicated servant of God and That, very simply, is the dilemma with farmers do, because without them there man: which we are confronted today. will be no more cake to cut in the JACK HORRIGAN, 47, DIEs; BILLS' PUBLIC Let me take the problem a step fur­ future. RELATIONS VP ther so that those of you who represent John Patrick "Jack" Horrigan, 47, vice­ districts which are predominantly urban president in charge of public relations for will understand that you too are af­ A TRIBUTE TO JACK HORRIGAN the Buffalo Bills the last seven years, died fected. When there are no crops, who Saturday (June 2, 1973) in Roswell Park Me­ will be the last one fed? The nonagri­ morial Hospital after a lengthy illness. cultural elements of our population will Mr. Horrigan was noted as an accomplished be the last to be fed. If farmers and HON. JACK F. KEMP writer, publicist, author, humorist and OF NEW YORK speaker throughout professional sports, but foodstuff producers and distributors do is remembered best by those who knew him not get fuel-the urbanite would not get IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most closely as a devoted family man who any food. I do not want to seem threat­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 waged and won several courageous battles ening, rather, I just want to persuade for his health. Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, last Satur­ you that the issue of inadequate fuel ARRANGEMENTS INCOMPLETE supplies for the agricultural industry is day my dear friend Jack Horrigan passed away after a courageous fight against Funeral arrangements at the Thomas Ly­ not a provincial issue. nett Funeral Home, 389 Parkside Ave., are The Office of Oil and Gas in the De­ great odds. It was typical of Jack Hor­ incomplete. A Funeral Mass will be held at partment of the Interior has assured me rigan's life. St. John The Baptist Church, 1085 Engle­ that their implementation of the guide­ Jack was most instrumental in my wood Ave., Town of Tonawanda, a.t a date lines for voluntary oil allocation is coming to Buffalo in 1962 from San to be announced. underway and will soon be efficiently Diego and he has been equally instru­ Survivors are his wife, the former Eliza­ mental in my career as a Buffalo Bill and beth M. Lawn, who resided with h im at 167 working to alleviate the fuel shortage for Louvaine Dr.; six daughters, K :1ren, 20; Pa­ priority groups, such as the farmers. now as a Member of Congress. tricia, 16; Margaret, 13; Mary, 11; Elizabeth, These assurances were specifically made He, next to my own father, had a more 9; and Kathleen, 4, all of Buffalo; three sons, during a meeting which I organized in profound influence on my life than any Jeremiah, 23, of Buffalo; Joseph, 21, of Sacra­ my office on May 30. other man. His example of courage, both mento, Calif., and John, 15, of Buffalo; his physically and morally, his sense of father, Jeremiah, of Buffalo; and two sisters, A high-ranking official of the Office of Mrs. Kathleen Element and Mrs. Eileen King­ Oil and Gas, representatives of the inde­ humor, and his uncommon dedication to his family are traits which few people ston , both of Buffalo. He also had one grand­ pendent refining and distributing indus­ son, Grady Kane-Horrigan, 4 months. try, and legislative Representatives who on this Earth could match. Flowers are gratefully declined. Those who were interested in the topic of discussion I deeply loved Jack Horrigan. I love wish may make a donation to Roswell Park at the meeting were all in attendance. his family. As Phil Ranallo, of the Buffalo Memorial Hospital, Dept. of Medicine B. During the 2 hours of the meeting we Courier-Express, said in his tremendous Mr. Horrigan was born in Buffalo Dec. 30, received repeated assurances, from the column: 1925. He attended Canisius High School be­ official of the Office of Oil and Gas, that Jack had the kind of will-power, and faith, fore entering the U.S. Navy in 1943 and that could keep Death up a tree-and he ser . ed aboard a submarine chaser as a radio the voluntary oil allocation program somehow managed to keep it up there for operator in the Pacific Theater of World would insure that agricultural industries seven years. His great struggle brings to mind War II. would receive oil and gas supplies suffi­ John Donne's sonnet, the one that starts, HOCKEY PUBLICIST cient to meet their production demands. "Death be not proud," and ends, "And Death He e':ltered the newspaper field with United Hopefully. these assurances are valid shall be no more; Death, thou shalt die." Press in 1946, covering general news and June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18213 sports, and from 1950-54 he was the Buffalo to choke it down for 2,500 days and make Government control of our citizens, and Hockey Club's publicity director. a fine career, as he did, was a continuing­ our economy, we will destroy this coun­ In 1958, Mr. Horrigan joined the Buffalo and extraordinary-act of bravery. try, and in spite of all the opportunities Evening News sports staff, where he won It is incongruous, I know--61nce Jack which we have, will produce a land of three sports writing awards in four years. Horrigan is dead-but for some reason or He was named American Football League other I feel he achieved a victory over Death scarcity rather than of abundance. publicity director in 1963 and moved to New ... perhaps because he cheated it for so long. To illustrate what is happening I am York. His great struggle brings to mind John placing in the REcORD an article from the In June, 1966, Mr. Horrigan became vice­ Donne's sonnet, the one that starts, "Death Eastern Idaho Farmer which describes president in charge of public relations for be not proud," and ends, "And Death shall only too well what we are doing to our­ the Bllls, a position he held to his death. be no more; Death, thou shalt die." selves. He was elected president of AFL publicity Jack Horrigan's opponent, Death, sought AMERICA, LAND OF SCARCITY directors in 1968. him out in the form of cancer. He first met Mr. Horrigan was co-author of the book, it in 1966, when his case was diagnosed and (By Aden Hyde) "The Other League," an acclaimed story of doctors informed him they didn't expect him Are we, the people of the United States the birth and development of the American to live out the year. of America, to be plagued with a scarcity Football League. But Jack Horrigan wasn't going to die that economy? SHOWED COURAGE fast and leave his adoring wife, Liz, and all We are. What's more, we don't have to wait Mr. Horrigan astonished many with the those wonderful children-those nine chil­ for that to happen to us. It already has-and manner and success with which he com­ dren. it's getting worse every day. bated lllnesses, mcluding four types of major Not Jack Horrigan. So the battle was on. Abundance, the American way of life, is cancer. His is a story of courage and inner Jack had the kind of will-power, and faith, out the window. For this is no narrow spec­ conviction matched by few anywhere. that could keep Death up a tree-and he trum of shortages. It isn •t confined to gaso­ In 1966, he was told he had three months somehow managed to keep it up there for line, heating oil, electricity and beef; it's far to live after a malignant kidney was removed seven years. broader than that. Included are such elemen­ at the Mayo Clinic. Then in April, 1970, he Long enough to live and be at the side of tal products as farm fertilizers-nitrogen reported for an annual medical check and one of his sons, Jeremiah, during a trying and phosphate. And suddenly--of all the un­ was told he had leukemia. period in Jerry's life-when the young man's expected places-there's a shortage of farm Through it all, Mr. Horrigan's wit never convictions and actions against the war in tractors and trucks. dimmed. He was an excellent toastmaster Southeast Asia landed his name on Page But that's only the start. As of right now, and his jokes before hundreds or as aside One. even food may be in short supply. The nation comments to only a few brought broad Jack Horrigan, the battler, made Page One, has been ravaged, perhaps as never before in smiles. Regardless of the circumstances of a too, with one of the most beautiful and its history, by a succession of adverse situation, he would always take the time to touching declarations I have ever heard ut­ weather conditions which, in the aggregate, discuss a problem whenever an individual tered by a father: "I will remain at Jerry's could have a profound effect on what farm­ wished it. side; he is my son ... and I love him." In his short life of 47 years, Jack touched ers can produce this summer. His experiences were rich and varied. Many That started early in December when Arc­ came beyond the field of athletics, such as more than his share of the bases-as a sailor in World War II, wire-service reporter for tic blasts streaked a new course southward when he was a political writer and rode the along the Pacific coast and moved on into train with President Harry S Truman. United Press, Buffalo Evening News sports­ writer, Buffalo hockey Bisons publicity di­ California's Central Valley. Everywhere rec­ ON MINE-SWEEPER rector, American Football League public re­ ord-smashing low temperatures were re­ Others came before his writer-publicist lations director, and Bills public relations corded and they are still counting that cold's career, as when his eyesight was such that director. cost in dollars-millions of them. he supposedly could not enter the service, As he touched each of these bases, he made But that's only a starter. East, west, north but managed to, anyway, and then spent war­ a mark. and south the vagaries of the 1972-73 winter time naval service on one of the smallest But he made his greatest mark in life as have been widely publicized. Twenty-five frigates involved in mine-sweeping opera­ a husband and a father. This was a man thousand cattle died in southeastern Colo­ tion-despite the fact he could not swim. of principles and ideals. He had all the vir­ rado and contiguous areas in the mud--on There were many touching times. During tues in abundance. the fringes of the dust bowl of not too many the 1972 football season, Mr. Horrigan always In the little world of thoroughbred rac­ years ago. stood alongside the players and coaches dur­ ing, which is a lot like the big world but Last week, 13 inches of snow in Milwaukee ing the playing of the National Anthem at more pleasant, the quality most honored is when the big league baseball season was to home games. He was with the team and or­ something called class. open. Flood waters in the Missouri-Missis­ ganization he loved, the Buffalo Bills. Class is difficult to define, but racing people sippi river basin at the highest peak in more There are countless examples of loyalty recognize and respect it in a horse or in a than 30 years-and thousands of acres of which Mr. Horrigan expressed to the Bllls and man. farm land inundated. It may be months be­ their owner, Ralph C. Wilson Jr., but all must John Patrick Horrigan-the man Liz Horri­ fore owners can resume operations in some be subordinated in importance Ito his feelings gan called "Lefty"-was all class. areas-far too late for a normal farm opera­ toward his family. He was rich in relatives, He was a man of great faith, an ornament tion. And the Arctic storm which swept Iowa, friends and talent, and that is the way he to his parish. Wisconsin and Minnesota projected cold deep will be remembered. He will be buried Wednesday, but his style into the south with extensive frost damage. lives on in all men of high moral value. Arkansas lost most of its important tomato crop. Georgia's peach crop has largely been WAITING FOR LEFTY When Jack Horrigan breathed his last breath Saturday, God was there-"Waiting frozen. (By Phil Ranallo) for Lefty." In the south, field work on f.a,rms has been As the years go fleeting by and a man far behind schedule rthis spring-too much grows older and his yesterdays stretch back rain, too many floods. Here, there and almost a long way, he becomes much more aware of LAND OF SCARCITY everywhere it's been like tha-t. the inevitable-the final roll call. Perhaps we've already made a serious mis­ One by one they go, the special people. take-exportin g farm products, especially Nevertheless, a man is never prepared for HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS wheat and feed grains, too liberally. Per­ the shock of thumbing through a newspaper OF IDAHO haps all of the bad crop yea,r omens won't and stopping at a certain page and finding keep competent U.S. farmers from overcom­ a special friend gazing at him. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing those problems; coming up with ade­ This happened again Sunday morning. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 quate crops again this yea-r. John Patrick (Lefty) Horrigan gazed at me Just perhaps. Any one of the area adver­ from that newspaper page-Jack Horrigan, Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, perhaps at sities doesn't mean much. Pooled, they could one of the most courageous men I have ever no other time in human history has the mean a lot. Even here in ·the northern inter­ known. opportunity to abolish poverty, and have mountain country, we have our 1973-74 crop Horrigan hand-wrestled Death for seven an abundant life available for everyone, problems, too. With us and generally over long years, in a manner I have seen it strug­ been as great as it is today. We have the Idaho, Wyoming and Montana, it's the result gled against by only one other man in my technical ability, and the knowledge to of ·a dry winter, light snowpack, perhaps a lifetime-the late WilliamS. (Bill) Coughlin, have a high standard of living, and a water shortage this year or next. the long-time baseball writer for The Courier That's only the farm-food part of the story. Express. clean environment. The rest of it takes- on far deeper implica­ It is a measure of courage that Jack Hor­ However, to accomplish this, we must tions. rigan fought Death, year after year, and use commonsense, and must be willing Here we'·re not pl·aying with natural forces. that he won great victories over it, year after to allow the principles of freedom, and We're without adequate energy, fertilizer, year. free enterprise an opportunity to work. gasoline and a host of other ·things impor­ To taste the fear of Death, as he did, and If we continue our mad rush toward tant to the American stand,ard of living be- CXIX--1150-Part 14 18214 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 cause our own people have wUled it that would be covered from the 6lst day. After There was considerable trepidation way. the deductibles have been met, benefits about the practicability of guarantee­ We're beginning to pay the price for an would be payable as under the present trig loans to peasants who some people ecology binge-both in the costs of improv­ ing and preserving the environment and in medicare program, which calls for a considered to be a poor credit risk. I am developing a scarcity economy. coinsurance payment of 20 percent on happy to report to the Congress today There's no pipe line to tap the rich Arctic medical bills and $17.50 per day for hos­ that this program which deals with the oil fields. There's no offshore oil drilling. pital coverage. These coinsurance pay­ basic needs of little people has been an There are no new dams for hydro power; far ments would, however, be limited to a outstanding success. Although I and 20- too few atomic and coal-burning power maximum of $1,000 at which point no some other cosponsors of this program plants. There are no new refineries to process further coinsurance would be charged. had predicted a 5 percent default rate, Imported oil. Major benefits which would be ex­ this prediction has not come true. The If we are to have more beef--enough for everybody and conceivably at somewhat low­ cluded from coverage are: nursing home default rate is zero. er prices--we could expand grazing capability care, prescription drugs, hearing aids, Many self-help community develop­ of public lands in the western states. Instead, eyeglasses, false teeth, and dental care. ment projects have been undertaken in we shrink that grazing potential by locking The program would use the existing the pilot countries and the lives of peo­ up more and more of the summer grazing medicare machinery, with its quality, ple have been radically changed for the regions with parks and wilderness area, wild cost, and utilization controls. It would better. Hope has replaced despair. Suc­ rivers and recreation regions. cost an estimated $3.6 billion in its first cess has been made possible where here­ Several years ago, the Eastern Idaho F'armer began to call attention to this scarcity pos­ full year of operation, beginning January tofore only failure was the prospect. And sibility. Well, it's here. And if, somehow, we 1, 1975, and would require a payroll tax many human beings are on the road to can't reconcile a lot of differences between of three-tenths of 1 percent each on em­ a new life. ardent environmentalists and the rest of us ployees and employers which would be The administration, in sending its pro­ to restore the multiple use practice in devel­ channeled into a separate Federal Cata­ posed foreign assistance program to Con­ oping and using natural resources, the trou­ strophic Health Insurance Trust Fund. gress, asked only for a 2-year extension bles we have today wm be trivia. Tomorrow While providing protection against the of this program and, as usual, the Office wUl be a great deal worse. costs of catastrophic illness, this bill of Management and Budget refused to would still heavily rely on the private recognize a good thing when it saw it. health insurance industry. In fact, fam­ Therefore, the gentleman from Michi­ CATASTROPHIC HEALTH ilies would be expected and encouraged gan (Mr. BROOMFIELD) and I are intro­ INSURANCE PROGRAM to provide adequate health insurance ducing legislation today to expand this protection for themselves. program to all of Latin America and five This plan would help to insure that additional countries in other regions of HON. J. WILLIAM STANTON medical catastrophies will not bring au­ the world for a pilot try-out outside Latin OF OHIO tomatic financial catastrophies upon America. The life of the program IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American families. It is reasonable in would be extended 2 years and the op­ eration itself would be transferred from· Tuesday, June 5, 1973 cost to both the Government and the tax­ payer and it uses existing Social Secu­ the Overseas Private Investment Cor­ Mr. J. WILLIAM STANTON. Mr. rity Administration machinery. It would poration to the Agency for International Speaker, I am today introducing the retain the existing private health insur­ Development where it more properly House counterpart of Senator RussELL ance industry and would encourage more belongs. LoNe's revised and improved proposal for families to obtain adequate private in­ This experiment in virtually cost-less a catastrophic health insurance program surance coverage to offset the deductible foreign aid was a congressional creation, which will provide protection for al­ contributions required before catastroph­ and I think we can all take great pride most every man, woman, and child in our ic coverage is extended. This type of cov­ in its success. We believe also that its country against the devastating financial erage would afford protection to most success cries out for its continuation and burdens of medical calamities. This leg­ American families against extraordinary expansion with the ultimate prospect islation would add a new title to the medical costs, so we could then turn full that it may save us huge sums of money existing Social Security Act. It would attention to other facets of this Nation's that we now make available in the form provide protection to all those who are critical health care problem, such as im­ of loans and grants. currently and fully insured under social proving health care delivery, providing We also want to pay tribute to Mr. security, their spouses and dependents, preventive health care and expanding Kenneth W. Davidson, who has been di­ and to all social security beneficiaries. our health professions corps. rector of this program. He has shown This coverage would extend to approxi­ Providing catastrophic illness protec­ unusual dedication and commitment to mately 95 percent of all persons. The tion is but a first, but an urgently needed the congressional mandate that foreign bulk of those not included in this cov­ step toward making this-the richest na­ aid should help little people instead of erage are Federal, State, and local em­ tion in the world-also the healthiest governments and fat cats. ployees. The Federal Employee Health nation in the world. Benefit Act already provides comprehen­ sive coverage against costs of catastroph­ ic illness for F1ederal employees and, COMMUNISTS READY TO USE under this bill, State and local units SELF-HELP COMMUNITY DEVELOP­ A-BOMBS could buy into the catastrophic program. MENT IN LATIN AMERICA The benefits provided under the plan are identical to those currently provided HON. ROBERT J. HUBER under parts A and B of medicare, except HON. JOHN E. MOSS ,OF MICHIGAN that there would be no upper limitation OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on hospital days or home health visits. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Present medicare part A coverage in­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 cludes 90 days of hospital care, 100 days Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, in the days of posthospital extended care and 100 Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, 4 years ago ahead we will undoubtedly be treated to home health visits. Present part B cov­ the U.S. Congress-on its own initiative­ the spectacle of a broadly smiling Chair­ erage includes physicians' services, lab­ established a pilot program under the man Brezhnev, who will be visiting the oratory, and X-ray services, physical Foreign Assistance Act to encourage self­ United States, hat in hand, hoping to therapy services, and other medical and help community development in several have his badly faltering economy under­ health items and services. Unlike medi­ countries of Latin America. written by the United States. During the care, which provides basic insurance cov­ This step was revolutionary in a sense euphoria that will almost certainly mark erage, persons would be responsible for at the time because the U.S. Government this visit, it should never be forgotten payment for the first 60 days of hospital was guaranteeing the repayment of loans that this man heads the Comm·unist care and the first $2,000 in medical ex­ made by foreign banks and other fi­ movement in the world which has not penses in a year. In other words, benefits nancial institutions to groups of peasants changed basically and will not until, as would be payable for a family's medical who had no other access to credit on Mr. Charles Bohlen, one of America's bills beyond $2,000 and hospitalization reasonable terms. most eminent Kremlinologists recently June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18215 points out, it begins "acting like a coun­ offers a spectacularly sucessful example supplements. The news media by sum­ try instead of a cause." The leaders of of this phenomenon. It may interest my marizing and simplifying the basic pro­ posals, diluted the impact. this "cause" are not restrained by a colleagues to know what one talented Every packaged food that makes a nutri­ C~ristian-Judaic principle. Anything man imbued with enthusiasm can do for tional claim or adds the words "enriched that advances the cause of world so­ the arts. Following, therefore, is an edi­ with ..."will have to conform to mandatory cialism can be justified by Marxism­ torial which appeared recently in the nutritional labeling. This will include fruit Leninism in one way or another. There­ Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Gazette paying juice fortified with Vitamin C, enriched fore, I commend to the attention of my tribute to the accomplishments of this bread, and cereals suggested for weight colleagues this story from London, Eng-; vigorous and versatile evangelist of cul­ reduction programs. However, labeling wlll land, to the effect that they, the Commu­ ture: be voluntary for packaged foods omitting TRIBUTE TO ENGLE healthful assertions and the following are nists, will not hesitate to use nuclear completely unaffected; meat, poultry, and weapons. The story follows: Last January the stMie department in fish; fresh baked goods, fruits and vege­ CoMMUNISTS READY To UsE A-BoMBS Washington called a native Iowan to Wash­ tables; and unprocessed dairy products. ington and presented him with a hand-let­ (By David Floyd) tered, framed "Tribute of Appreciation." Mandatory compliance will necessitate Despite moves toward an easing of East­ The certificate was presented by John following an established format for nutri­ West tension, military planners in Russia and Richardson, jr., assistant secretary of state tional labeling to appear immediately to :her European satellites are preparing to use for education and cultural affaits. In attend­ the right of the principal display panel in both tactical and strategic nuclear weapons ance at the ceremony were department of­ type no smaller than l/16 inch. The listing in the event of conflict. ficers assigned to various regions of the of contents will include in this order: This has been made clear by Gen. Boleslaw world. serving size, servings per container, calories, Chocha in Poland's leading political weekly, The Iowan to whom the certificate was protein, fat, and percentage of Vitamin A, PoZityka. Now head of the Polish General presented was, of course, Paul Engle, direc­ Vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, Staff Academy, he is a former Chief of Gen­ tor of the international writing program in calcium and iron. Calories, protein and fat eral Staff. the school of letters at the University of will also be included. A nutritional claim He acknowledged efforts being made to Iowa. cannot be made unless a product has a preserve world peace but said that even if After some 15 years, during which Paul nutrient with at least 10% of the RDA in a global war was ruled out there could st111 be Engle started the program-after success­ serving. local conflicts. fully launching the writers workshop for Cholesterol and fat may be listed "Every local confiiot at the point where the creative writers-the state department took separately without necessity of full nutri­ interests of socialism and capitalism meet note that something valuable was happen­ tional labeling. But there can be no refer­ can develop into a major war," he added, ing out here in Iowa. ence to high cholesterol as a precipitating making it clear Warsaw Pact plans were based The realization that something valuable cause of atherosclerosis, one of the leading on the possibility that nuclear weapons was happening came not only from the uni­ causes of deaths in America, since the would be used in such a clash. versity campus but from countries through­ F.D.A. concludes this cause and effect rela­ INTERESTS OF SOCIALISM out the world whose citizens have partici­ tionship is unsupported. pated in and benefited from the program. Gen. Chocha admitted that this would In the past, food packages, if they listed Engle deserves more credit than he will nutrient content, listed the percentage of probably escalate to us~ of megaton bombs. ever get, perhaps, because he is a native But any decision to use nuclear weapons in the MDR of a given nutrient. The new rul­ Iowan-a native of Cedar Rapids-and be­ ings would call for the listing to contain the Europe would be taken by the Soviet Govern­ cause the old axiom st111 rings true that a ment, which would be guided by "the good percentage of the RDA. What is the difference prophet is without honor in his own home. between these two? Both sets of figures are of humanity." He has started two programs at the uni­ determined by the National Research coun­ Asked if he did not think such a course versity and nurtured them to success with cil of the National Academy of Sciences. The would lead to "mutual suicide," he said the his own hard work not only in teaching but Soviet leaders would not use nuclear weapons MDR (minimum daily requirement) of a vi­ seeking out the funds to keep them in oper­ tamin is the amount needed to prevent a de­ "without due consideration." But he doubted ation. Aside from private contributions, he ficiency disease. The RDA (recommended di­ if moderation should play any part when the has had little, if any, help from the state interests of socialism were at stake. etary allowance) supposedly represents the itself or from the university other than to level necessary to maintain good health for Gen. Chocha described in some detail how make facilities available. the Warsaw Pact Forces would attack an the "adult male standard". When we con­ ~evertheless, his native state is honored sider that the needs for vitamins v,ary from opponent in the West in modern conditions. along with himself through tribute so ap­ At first the Warsaw Pact divisions, having individual to individual and that the Na­ propriately worded: tional Research Council constantly reevalu­ far greater firepower and mob111ty than in the "To Paul H. Engle for sustained and sig­ past, would be dispersed, to avoid presenting ates its figures, it would seem that listing by nificant contribution to international under­ RDA rather than MDR, though it may be an a vulnerable target, he said. • standing, through decades of dedicated en­ But at the right moment there would be a improvement, is far from a solution. couragement and inspiration to creS~tive The way in which nutritional information rapid concentration of forces, an attack, and writers from his own and other lands." a break-through with subsequent dispersal would be included is not satisfactory. But Iowa, too, owes Paul Engle much for his even supposing we were offered a satisfactory in depth-which is taken to mean a rapid leadership of far-reaching programs that advance westwards. way of listing nutrients the voluntary aspect have helped to bring the countries of the of labeling in the majority of cases renders world closer through the written word. the proposal practically useless. The strongest opposition to the proposed nutritional labeling comes from nutritionists TRIBUTE TO ENGLE and consumer org,anizations, such as the Na­ HEALTH FOODS AND NUTRITION tional Health Federation, who would like it NEWS to be mandatory for all foods. Catherine HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE Cowell, Acting Director of the Bureau of Nu­ OF IOWA trition of the New York City Department of IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES HON. BOB WILSON Health, says, "We hope consumer reaction will be such that compliance will be manda­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 OF CALIFORNIA tory." Anita Johnson, an attorney with a Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, few peo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES health research group of consUiner advocate ple probably stop to reflect on the source Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Ralph Nader, says, "You are asking food of the word "culture." Cicero invented it manufacturers who have been making a from a much homelier root, a word mean­ Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, profit out of deceiving the public to come ing field fertilizer. He compared the under leave to extend my remarks in clean ... it's like asking a fox to guard the the RECORD, I include the following: chicken. The F.D.A. regulations for cosmetics flowering of art and letters to the more are voluntary and they are an utter farce. If literal cultivation of the soil for farming. NEW FDA R'ULINGS GREAT AMERICAN nutritional labeling is not necessary for the Although fewer people still might con­ TRAGEDY consumer, why isn't it required?" sider that an apt analogy, the relation­ (By Janet Barkas) Of course large food companies applaud ship between the rural environment and Last January a bomb was dropped in the the F.D.A. for making compliance voluntary. the inspiration for "culture" is long and consumer's lap. It consisted of a massive These companies have already been practic­ forty-page testimony in the Federal Reg­ ing "nutritional labeling" along similar well established. ister of January 19th proposing twelve guidelines for some time. Yet upon exam­ The career of Paul J. Engle, director different regulations by The Food and Drug ining the majority of food labels one finds of the international writing program in Administration. These proposals would that ingredients are labeled only in broad the School of Letters at the University drastically affect nutritional labeling, imi­ terms and two of the most significant addi­ of Iowa, poet, translator, and teacher, tation foods, and vitamin and mineral tives--artificial flavoring and coloring-re- 18216 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973

main unnamed. If the new regulations be­ labeling would arm the consumer with the jority of symptoms like tiredness, nervous­ come effective by 1975, the target date, those knowledge to purchase the most nutritious ness, and rundown condition," and prohibits additives may still be undeclared. food. any claims to the contrary. Yet nutritionists, Ms. Cowell is concerned, as a nutritionist, What about imitation foods? The word vitamin therapists, and consumers boast of over the source of a fat, which need not be imitation was adopted by the F.D.A. in 1938 improvements in health because of supple­ disclosed. "The number of fatty acid chains because it believed that anything that was ments. This relates to a basic problem of in a chemical structure," she states, "deter­ artificial was inferior to the original food­ using the RDAs for determining quantity mines how helpful a source of fat is in the stuff and that the public had a right to know. limitations. Dr. Mary McCann, head of the diet. Just saying something is a polyunsat­ What has changed the F.D.A.'s mind? Now Nutrition Program at Teachers College of urated fat is insufficient. Though olive oil if a new food proves its RDA's are equal to Qolumbia University, says, "Ways of measur­ in a monosaturated fat and more desirable the food it is imitating it can be called by ing nutritional states are stlll very gross. A than saturated fats derived from animal a new name and the word imitation may be blood sample does not show loss in one cell. sources, it is less helpful than corn, cotton deleted. So we may have bloppers (something The body tends to adapt to deficiencies so it seed, or safflower-derived fats." For instance, like oatmeal) or even geenoop (something is hard to measure how much of a particular chocolate, ice cream, and coconut are pre­ like processed cheese) . nutrient would be ideal. The RDAs are based dominately saturated fats. Yet why would a Dr. Jean Mayer, leading nutritionist and only on available data but there is still much manufacturer voluntarily tell you this in­ Harvard professor, agrees that this may en­ about nutrition and human needs that we formation if it might lead you to believe courage the development of more astronaut­ don't know. There are sixty nutrients and that his product might ultimately harm type instant foods. He says "If we're going twenty-two amino acids that we know are you? to have the damned things, let's at least essential. We just do not have enough infor­ Nellie Shriver, spokeswoman for American know what's in them.'' Yet we will only mation about the minor nutrients to make a Vegetarians, summarized the most signifi­ know the percentage of what vitamins and definitive statement about what role they cant limitations of the proposed nutritional minerals have been created but not what play in good health. Also the RDA was never labeling. "In spite of all that must be listed chemicals were used to produce them. intended for an individual, but as an aver­ on the package, ingredients need not be dis­ The proposal by the F.D.A. to change the age for groups of people. Some people need closed. The forty-billion dollar meat indus­ status of imitation foods is clearly an attempt more or less of a vitamin.'' try that dominates the F.D.A. as well as the to reverse the efforts of Americans to shift Dr. William Bean, nutritionist, writes Department of Agriculture remains un­ from highly processed foods to natural, or­ "There are fourteen major variables that af­ touched. For instance, there ought to be a ganic, unprocessed ones. A spokesman for fect how much of one of the sixty essential lot more in the labeling about DDT residue F.D.A. summarized their aim, saying, "This nutrients a person needs. The proper use in meat and insecticides used in growing is the technological age. It is cheaper and of vitamins is an individual problem. Vita­ foods. These present regulations are only a easier to preserve, sterilize, and produce ar­ mins are toxic if used to excess. But the same small first step." tificial foods." Some food manufacturers is true of water, oxygen, or calories.'' The F.D.A., however, is trying to make cer­ agree. A spokesman for one company says, Adelle Davis, world-famous nutritionist tain that you won't know what is used to "Our instant potatoes are convenient and al­ and author, said in an exclusive phone in­ grow a food. In their view, "there is no rela­ most as cheap as fresh potatoes. We are care­ terview, "If these rulings go through, there tipnship between the vitamin content of ful to restore all the vitamins that we re­ will be a tremendous increase in ill health foods and the chemical composition of the move in the processing. I eat them and like throughout America. The tragedy is that soil in which they are grown." Though ex­ them more than real potatoes." So this is the persons who are already lll with diseases, tensive research has failed to solve this next F.D.A.'s concession to the food manufacturers such as arthritis and allergies, wlll have no issue, the F.D.A. also states that "mineral to dupe the American public into grabbing chance of recovery. Whenever vitamins are nutrients in foods are not significantly af­ those expensive, fancy packaged foods that put on prescriptions, research done on that fected by storage, transportation, cooking, are test-tube made rather than working to vitamin comes to a halt and the price of the and other processing." Does the F .D.A. mean lower the costs and improve the quality of vitamin goes sky high. RDAs have no rela­ that food that has been cooked until it is the real thing. tion to optimum health and in many in­ unrecognizable and then placed in a can Yet the greatest dictatorial attempts by stances do not even provide for minimum or a package for endless months is as nu­ the F.D.A. lie in the proposed regulations health. These RDAs can vary at least one tritious as fresh, uncooked, and natural concerning vitamin and mineral supplements. hundred times between individuals. I have foods? What are the basic issues? They are: quantity never been able to find out who the board Congressman Benjamin Rosenthal (D­ limitations for each vitamin and mineral is that devised these RDAs or who they are N.Y.) is leading the fight in the House of supplement; classifying as a drug any responsible to.'' Representatives to help the consumer. In a supplement that exceeds that limitation; and What is the reaction from the health food phone interview with this reporter he said, establishing standards of identity for each industry? A spokesman for Archon Pure "Consumers should not be satisfied with vitamin and mineral to curtail a consumer's Products, which has a network of subsidi­ these half-way measures and publicity ges­ wide range of choices. aries that includes Radiance, Rain, and tures. They should rise up and demand A vitamin or mineral supplement must be Savon Clair, says they generally agree with truthful and useful information on their within the range of 50 to 150% of the R.D.A. the move toward labeling but are violently food labels, not just slogans and promises. for that nutrient. For instance, Vitamin C opposed to quantity limitation of vitamin This program has no teeth, no incentive, and (Ascorbic Acid) has an R.D.A. of 60 milli­ and mineral supplements and the prohibi­ no guts." He feels that voluntary listing of grams. If you want to take a tablet contain­ tion of making a reference to the inadequacy cholesterol and fatty acid content will be ing 100 milligrams, you will have to have a of the American diet, or the loss of essential discouraging to food manufacturers. "To prescription from a doctor as if you were nutrients by storage of growth in inferior avoid mandatory nutritional labeling," Con­ taking a drug. Multivitamins must meet a soil. "The crackdown on vitamins and min­ gressman Rosenthal said, "we may even see certain standard of identity. For instance, eral supplements", say Archon, "is because of a return to vague Madison Avenue-type ad­ choline and inositol may not be included. the abuses of a select few. The fight has been vertising that could not be termed a nutri­ What gives the F.D.A. the right to declare going on for ten years and after all that time tional claim, such as 'This is the kind of it has the solution to the major nutritional and money spent on the issues, the F .D.A. juice that Smoky the Bear couldn't live controversies that have surrounded Vita­ had to say something. without.'" min C, choline, inositol, and most other vita­ "We're confident that it will be a fight. The What happened to the Truth in Food mins and minerals for decades? Robert Ull­ retailer will be hurt most. They are telUng Labeling Bill that Congressman Rosenthal man, spokesman for the law firm Bass and us there will be inspectors to pull vitamins introduced on May 24, 1971? This bill re­ Ullman which represents the National Nutri­ oif the shelf. Since the F.D.A. is always com­ quired listing all ingredients on a food label. tional Foods Association, a strong federation plaining that there are not enough health But the F.D.A., now a self-appointed nutri­ of health food retailers, wholesalers, distribu­ inspectors, why don't the ones they have tion council, feels the source of a vitamin, tors, and manufacturers, says, "The kinds of spend their time in food processing plants whether natural or synthetic, is unimpor­ prohibitions and restrictions announced by looking into health conditions and safety?" tant; that the consumer need not know how the F.D.A. are not within the intent of the The health food industry has no objection Vitamin D got into his enriched bread. Con­ statute of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. to the proposal to label expiration dates on gressman Rosenthal also said, "I find it in­ and are not supported scientifically by the vitamin supplements. Nor is there disagree­ credible that one product which usually lists two years of public hearings and thirty thou­ ment with the concession to label a supple­ an its ingredients on the label should be dog sand pages of transcripts on these matters." ment natural but to omit any claim that food. Not only does the label list all ingre­ It has been quite well established by the natural is better than synthetic. dients, it also bears nutritional percentages." Surgeon General and research organizations BioOrganic Brands, Inc. and Hoffman Food He feels the consumer has the right to know that cigarettes are linked to lung cancer. Is Supplements feel it is a "moral injustice.'' everything that is in his food so he may make there a move to require a prescription from Mr. Kenneth Curpin, President of BioOrgan­ an intelligent decision about what to buy. your doctor for each cigarette you smoke? ic Brands, Inc., says, "It is not just a ques­ He has introduced bills that cover a wide Here we see the results of lobbying in Wash­ tion of the potency of a vitamin. It's taking gamut of nutritional information including ington-the tobacco lobby is strong enough away the rights of people to take supple­ "Truth in Food Labeling," ''Nutritional La­ to resist efforts against them, but the health­ ments. This matter will go to the Supreme beling Act," "Honest Label Act," "Open food industry still must fight for its life. Court, if necessary." Norman Goldstein, Dating Perishable Food Act," and "Consumer The F.D.A. states that "vitamin or mineral President of Healthfood Service Systems, Food Grading Act." Mandatory and complete deficiencies are unrelated to the great ma- manufacturers of Sunshine Farm products June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF RE~fARKS 18217 says "we feel that the new rulings are a In Puerto Rico, an OEO agency was within the U.S.S.R. as we look forward stifling measure to the cause of promot­ set up to help migrant farm youth pass to the coming visit to the United States ing health within our country. We feel the the GED high school equivalency test. It of the Soviet Party leader, Leonid efforts of the F.D.A. should be to assis•ting companies in the health movement to pro­ spent $100,000 and only six enrollees Brezhnev. Therefore, I direct to the at­ duce better and more advanced formulas passed the test--an average cost of tention of the Members excerpts from rather than trying to squelch their efforts. $16,689 per graduate. an article by Jonas Puzinas, Ph. D., that The new rulings are simply unfair." But if you think that is bad, you have appeared in the spring issue of the What can the consumer do? Adelle Davis not heard about the fellow in Maryland Lithuanian Quarterly. The Lithuanian says, "I urge every human being to write who also had a GED test program going Quarterly is published by the Lituanus to his Senator everyday of the next year." for migrants. He spent almost $600,000 Foundation, Inc., a not-for-profit cor­ Congressman Rosenthal suggests that you organize groups within your community, and only two youths passed, for an aver­ poration in the State of Illinois. The discuss the mwtter on local radio or television age cost approaching $300,000. And he purpose of the foundation is to organize, talk shows, send letters to the ediltors of also had set up a couple of corporations sponsor, and publish research material 1ooal newspapers, and sign petitions and to do business with his first year, when pertaining to the Baltic area. The ar­ ma.il them to Hon. Paul Rogers who is Chair­ his OEO grant was $279,000, he spent 43 ticle, "The Situation in Occupied Lith­ man of the Subcommittee on Public Health percent of it with himself through those uania," follows: of the Interstart;e and Foreign Commerce other corporations. THE SITUATION IN OCCUPIED LITHUANIA: AD­ Committee in Washington, D.C. Express your If the incidents just described were MINISTRATION, INDOCTRINATION AND Rus- views on limiting vitamin supplements to Chairman Rogers. Let him know if you sup­ rare or isolated examples of CAA behav­ SIANIZATION port Congressional Bill H.R. 2323, which pro­ ior, we might gloss over them by saying (By Jonas Puzinas, Ph. D.) hibits the government from controlling the that a few bad apples had slipped It is impossible to survey in one article, potency of any food supplement that is not through. Unfortunately, such abuses have in a detailed fashion, all the questions per­ directly injurious to health. Also write to been the rule rather than the exception. taining to all areas of life in occupied Lith­ your Congressman and inform him of the One searches for an explanation-for uania. Even several articles would not suf­ legislation pending and your position on some reason why the poverty program fice. Therefore, I will discuss the things Congressman Rosenthal's consumer-protect­ most important in the life of a Lithuanian ing bills. was so susceptible to abuse. Part of the in his country which is occupied by the Demand your right to know eve,rything that blame may be laid to loose control and Soviet Union. These things also affect the is inside a food a.s well a.s its shelf life. Retain lax supervision: in a large, centralized survival of Lithuanian culture. your liberty to supplement your diet in a organization it is hard to keep everyone * helpful way. The F.D.A. was established to in line. Yet many other Government pro .. THE SOVIET REGIME protect the consumer and ma.ny consumers grams are also centralized and unwield­ The Soviet Russians, who on June 15, believe that is its job. But now, others are ly; but while they may be inefficient and beginning to th:ink that the F.D.A. protects 1940, occupied Lithuania by military force business. The latter seems to be the case. wasteful as a result, they do not produce and annexed the country on August 3, 1941, the disasters which plagued the CAA's. introduced the Soviet regime right away. The difference, in the case of the All the land, banks, industry, and commerce CAA's, is that their basic philosophy were expropriated, the school system was actually invited abuse. Their corruption completely changed by eliminating the MORE OEO CONTROLS FLOUTED teaching of religion, introduction of the was inevitable precisely because they Russian language, as well as the history of grew out of a d~torted view of American the Communist party and Marxism-Lenin­ HON. JOHN E. HUNT society; the belief that our system is not ism. Lithuania was proclaimed to be "a sov­ OF NEW JERSEY only inadequate, but a purveyor of in­ ereign unitary state of workers and peasants, IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES justice and repression. "Mighty historic being at the same time a state in the union, based on the principles of self-determina­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 and economic forces keep the poor down." "The American economy, the American tion and equality with all the other Soviet Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, one of the society, the American conscience are all republics." However, the absolute control of strengths of our American system is our this "sovereignty" belongs to the Commu­ racist." These are typical statements nist party of the Soviet Union. The Lith­ ability to change and our ability to admit by one of the architects of the war on uanian Communist party is not a separate a wrong. In recent years, it seems that we poverty, in his book "The Other Amer­ organization-it is only a subdivision of tlie have lost some of that ability. In the ica," which is generally credited with Soviet Communist party. The Lithuanian newspapers we are witnessing the fact popularizing the antipoverty crusade. Communist party must obey all directions that some high government officials were Naturally a government program based given in Moscow. In occupied Lithuania, unable to admit a wrong and thus they on such attitudes attracted the most dis­ new members are accepted not into the Lith­ compounded it. I hope that this 93d Con­ sident elements of the community-fre­ uanian Communist party, but directly into gress does not compound the errors of quently individuals with little respect for the Communist party of the Soviet Union. the past by resurrecting the Office of On January 1, 1968, there were 105,418 law or authority. No wonder funds were members and candidates in the Lithuanian Economic Opportunity. If anything, we misused and criminals sheltered in Communist party. There were, at that time, should take this particular case as an im­ CAA's. No wonder the deserving poor be­ 69,811 Lithuanians ( 66.3%) and 35,607 Rus­ portant lesson in poor government. The came disillusioned with their government sians, Ukrainians, Poles, etc. (33.7%). Thus, Community Action Agencies of the OEO when they saw it lavishing money and more than one third of the members were have provided case histories numerous prestige upon known hoods and law­ non-Lithuanians. The educational level of enough to make a massive encyclopedia breakers. the party members was rather low: 28.3% of Federal blundering. Until efforts to aid the poor can be had only a primary education, 51.9% had If the researcher is looking for em­ various levels of secondary education, and based upon a clear understanding and only 19.8% had attended an institution of bezzlement of Federal funds, personal use recognition of the strength and vitality higher learning (Mazoji Tarybine Enciklo­ of government funds, criminal activity of the American system of free enter­ pedija (The Small Soviet [Lithuanian] En­ by agency employees, or just ordinary prise, they will be doomed to repeat the cyclopedia), Vol. II, Vilnius, 1968, p. 386). mismanagement and lack of direction, failures of the community action agen­ The Communist party in Lithuania has its his tastes will be satisfied in the annals ciesofOEO. own network of party institutions for indoc­ of the Community Action Agencies. trination. Party indoctrination is organized A classic case of personal use of OEO on three levels: elementary, secondary, and funds occurred when the director of a advanced. During the 1968-69 school year SITUATION IN OCCUPIED there were 29,413 enrollees in the 1,583 ele­ grantee agency in Chicago received LITHUANIA mentary level party indoctrination schools $3,270 for attending a conference in Los and other instructional units. On the second­ Angeles--money which had in fact been ary level, in the 2,702 instructional units, used to pay the expenses of the director HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI there were 55,775 enrollees in the basics of and his board to the west coast on the OF ILLINOIS Marxism-Leninism. Finally, in the 1,058 up­ per level units-in the so-called Marxism­ first leg of a trip to the People's Republic IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES of China. Leninism universities and in the various Tuesday, June 5, 1973 higher level party seminars-there were 31,- Recent cases of criminal activity on the 921 enrollees. In these party schools, the du­ part of agency employees have included Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, it is ration of instruction is about two to four bribery, forgery, armed robbery, and important that we be completely ac­ years (Small Lith. Soviet Encyclopedia, n, murder. curate in our appraisal of the situation 1968, p. 385). The main "factory" for produc- 18218 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 ing the higher party cadres is the Advanced lective and state farms. All told, there were ania were discussed (Pergale, No. 3, 1970, Party &hool in Vilnius which, in 1962, was 6,442 party units in Lithuania in 1968. p. 172). reorganized into an interrepublic type of The Komsomol receives new members In the public schools, the regular instruc­ school. It produces the party cadres for the from the "Young Obtyabrists" and from the tional programs are specially adapted for party apparatus, for the government bu­ Pioneers. Already in the first grade, chUdren communist indoctrination-classes in his­ reaucracy, for the Komsomol, and for the are organized into the "Oktyabrists," the tory, geography, literature, and languages press-not only for Lithuania, but also for so-called grandchildren of Lenin. The "Ok­ are especially exploited. In the eighth grade, Latvia and Estonia. Attached to the party tya.brists" are led by a member of the a special course has been introduced-a dis­ school, there are shorter courses for party Pioneer organization, usually a youngster cussion of the Soviet society, and in the and government bureaucracies, and also an from the seventh grade. In 1967, there were ninth grade-an introduction to the study of area school to prepare the Komsomol cadres 120,000 members in the "Oktyabrists." When society. As was mentioned before, pupils are for the three Baltic republics and for the area these children turn ten, usually in the third organized into the "Oktyabrists," the Pio­ of Karaliaucius (Konigsberg, Kaliningrad) grade, they become Pioneers-"Lenin's chil­ neers, and the Komsomol. Through these or­ and even for the "Russian Federated Soviet dren." In 1968, there were 182,000 Pioneers ganizations, youth is constantly bombarded Socialist Republic" (Sovietskaja Litva, 28 in Lithuania. with the ideas of "Soviet internationalism," Oct. 1968). Many members of the Lithuanian All these figures show how intensely the of "external friendship of nations," and of Communist party also attend special training communization of Lithuania 1s pursued, "love for the Russians." There are numerous courses at other party schools somewhere in how the entire country is constantly supplementary activities: "international the Soviet Union. Between 1944 and 1967, 668 indoctrinated. clubs," "festivals of brotherly nations," "spe­ higher party functionaries from Lithuania .. cial one-topic evenings," "excursions along completed a course at the Advanced Party the trails of revolutionary war." There are School in Moscow, 26 in Leningrad, and 39 INDOCTRINATION also common camps for the pioneers and sec­ in Minsk (Small Lith. Soviet Encyclopedia, The aim of the Kremlin is to produce ondary school pupils of various nations of II, 1968, p. 385). These selected persons work collaborators faithful to the Russians and the Soviet Union, there are social gatherings as propagandists, occupy the various upper the Communist party of the Soviet Union. with the communist underground veterans, level positions in all walks of public life, and This indoctrination is carried out through members of the old revolutionary groups, carry out orders from Moscow. its huge propaganda apparatus. In the res­ with the veterans in the struggle for Soviet The following is the structure of the ruling olution adopted by the conference of the power, etc. For international education apparatus of the Lithuanian Communist party activists on April 23, 1968, it states: (which at the same time, is a program of party: [It is necessary] to improve the party propa­ Russianization) special international student 1. The Centml Committee of the Lithu­ ganda, the political propaganda among the song festivals are organized, student dele­ anian Communist party: 131 members; masses, especially through lectures; we have g!lltions are sent to various youth and student among them 35 (ethnic) Russians (1966). to advance the work in agitation, press, radio, festivals, excursions are organized-students 2. The Secretariat of the Central Commit­ TV, in cultural-educational institutions ... are sent to the other "republics," to various tee: five members. Antanas Snieckus is the The task of the party organizational units propaganda courses, even to construction and First Secretary, the Second Secretary is Vas- is to educate the working people of Soviet other projects in the Soviet Union. 111j Charazov, a guardian appointed by Lithuania, especially the youth, in the spirit For the purpose of indoctrination of the Moscow. of boundless faith to party ideals, Soviet masses, a complete system of party work 3. The (PoUt) Bureau of the Lithuanian paMiotism, proletarLan internationalism . . . training and propaganda apparatus has been Communist party, composed of nine members It is necessary-through all the means of established. To it belong the various and four candidates. ideological education-to strengthen the branches of party central committee (espe­ 4. Various bureaus of the party arranged Communist faith of every Soviet citizen, to cially those dealing with organizational par­ somewhat like ministries: organizationa! foster the ideological firmness and the ab111ty ty work, propaganda and agitation, science party work, propaganda and agitation, sci­ to resist any form of bourgeois influence" and culture) , the institute of party history ence and culture, industry and transporta­ (Tiesa, April 25, 1968). attached to the central committee of the tion, construction and urban affairs, food and Various Soviet feasts, holidays, anniver­ party, the "Zinija" (Knowledge, Science) as­ light industry, agriculture, commerce and saries, and commemorative occasions of im­ sociation and others. In the first six months public ut111ties, party apparatus, etc. portant Soviet and Russian personalities are of 1968, "125,000 people were improVing their The manager of each of these bureaus has used for this kind of indoctrination, and ideologicay-politioay level in the party sys­ several assistant managers. There are also there is an abundance of them. There are the tem, among them 70% were communists various instructors, inspectors, and other annual holidays: the day dedicated to the and members of the Komsomol" (Tiesa, 1968, party functionaries who supervise the party Soviet army and navy (February 23), In­ No. 162, p. 2). The district party committees work in the cities and the provincial areas. ternational Woman's Day (March 8), the day organize all kinds of trips and seminar type Several of the party bureau managers are of International Solidarity of the To111ng excursions to Vilnius, where the vis!Jting Russians, and the majority of their assistant People (May 1-2), the day of the great Oc­ groups must tour the Revolution museum, managers are Russians, sent to supervise tober revolution (November 7--8), and the the atheism museum, and the building in and check the party work. The Lithuanian day of the USSR constitution (December 5). which the first conference of the Communist Communist party network encompasses the There are also the various anniversaries of party of Lithuania was held. entire country. The main city and district Marx and Lenin. • • • committees of the party are located in the When the cult of Stalin collapsed, the The tourist from Lithuania is 'also directed seven principal cities and 44 administrative Lenin cult replaced it. The various compli­ toward the Russian-Communist shrines, his­ districts. At their head, stand the first sec­ mentary attributes, which were formerly toric-revolutionary pl·aces. Every year, about retaries, aided by two deputy secretaries, one ascribed to Stalin, are now transferred to 15,000 people from occupied Lithuania tour of whom is usually a Russian. Finally, in all Lenin. Although the anniversary of Lenin's in the Soviet Union (Kulturos barai, No. 10, offices, organizations, and enterprises, there birth was in 1971, as early as 1966 there was 1968, pp. 53-54). are primary party cells, of which there were an intensive campaign to prepare for this Wherever one turns in Lithuania nowa­ 5,132 in 1968. A special group in these cells occasion. There was a plethora of articles in days, one runs constantly into un-Lithu­ select the people to be hired for work. the newspapers and journals; in schools. antan things. Quite a number of Lithuanian An active supporter and supplier of Lenin museums were set up, in which his schools were given names of various commu­ younger leaders to the party is the Kom­ youth and the years of his revolutionary nists. The University of Vilnius, the oldest somol, officially called "The Lenin Com­ activity were portrayed. Every school year, university in East-Central Europe (estab­ munist Youth Association of Lithuania." At various themes were assigned based on some lished 1579}, has been named after Vincas the XVth Congress of the Lithuanian Kom­ connection with Lenin. Ethnologists had to Kapsukas, although this Lithuanian com­ somol which took place on Feb. 28-29, 1968, organize secondary school pupils to search munist had nothing whatever to do with in Vilnius, the central committee of 111 for historical evidence of Leninism in Lithu­ science or education. Many villages that had members was elected (among them, 26 non­ ania. Artists produced portraits of Lenin and ancient names for centuries now have been Lithuanians). The Komsomol also has a. revolutionary themes, sculptors made stat­ renamed after the Russian and Lithuanian central committee secretariat of five mem­ ues and other likenesses, architects-with communists. bers. The first secretary of the Komsomol 1s the sculptors-produced various projects for • • • • vaclovas Markunas, but his deputy is a Rus­ monuments of Lenin. At the beginning of The museums have been ·turned into prop­ sion, Jurij Betev, Youth from 14 years of 1970, in the Palace of Exhibitions in Vilnius, aganda tools. The assistant minister of cul­ age belong to the Komsomol. At the begin­ an art exhibit was organized, the central ture of occupied Lithuania declared in 1966- ning of 1968, the Komsomol in Lithuania theme of which was Lenin's anniversary. In at the conference of museum specialists in had 253,501 members. The committees of the the theaters of Lithuania, several plays writ­ the Baltic area-that, at that time, there Komsomol which are directed by a first ten by Russian authors were shown. Even were 29 museums in Lithuania, 25 of which secretary, a deputy secretary, other secre­ the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences had to belonged to the museum system of the min­ taries, instructors, and managers of the dedicate a session to Lenin, with the basic istry of culture. He added, "With their 56 various sections and branches are based in theme "The triumph of Leninist ideas in branches the museums form many outlets for the cities and administrative districts. In Lithuania." Under this theme, the impor­ communist education." To carry out the tasks addition to that, Komsomol cells exist tn tance of Lenin's theories for science in Lithu­ assigned to the museums, "a commission was the higher, special, and secondary schools, ania in general and their influence on indus­ established attached to the central commit­ in offices and industrial plants, in the col- try, literature, and history of occupied Lithu- tee of the Lithuanian Communist party, a June 5, 197.3 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18219 commission that checks the work of the brigada (a team for agitation), deputatas Superior Milk Products Association, Mr. museums locally." Valentina Lovyagina, the (representative), komsorgas (a local commu­ Bartelt has, aside from his service to the deputy director of the Agitation and Prop­ nist functionary), partorgas {local commu­ aganda branch of the central committee of nist party committee) . There are many hy­ school districts, given 25 years to Scout­ the Lithuanian Communist party, has said brid translations patterned on Russian, alien ing and was recently honored with a that "the museums propagate revolutionary to the Lithuanian patterns of word iorma­ scoutmaster's key marking this achieve­ and work-related traditions, the friendship tion. Many awkward component-by-compo­ ment. of nations, the ideals of the Communist party nent direct loan translations sound irregular Like Mr. Robertson, Mr. Bartelt has of the Soviet Uwon, the achievements of the and non-native in Lithuanian. In addition, given unstintingly to civic affairs-serv­ communist regime. . . . The museums of a rather large number of anglicisms have ing as past president of the Los Angeles Lithuania, with the help of the party organi­ come into Lithuanian through Russian: e.g., Airport Rotary and the Fraternal Order zation of the republic, accomplished quite a dispeceris (dispatcher, from Russian dis­ lot.... Much new valuable material has pecer), and many others. (For further ex­ of Eagles as well as on the State board been collected about the revolutionary past planation and a more complete account see of laymen for the Baptist Church. of Lithuania, the revolutionary and socialist A. Salys, "Russianization of the Lithuanian I would like to take this opportunity events ot 1940-1941, about the activities of Vocabulary under the Soviets," Lituanus, No. to commend these two fine men for their the Lithuanian Communist party, about the 2, 1967, pp. 47-62.) achievements and to wish them the heroic deeds of Soviet soldiers in the Great Foreign names are now written in Lithu­ happy and rewarding retirement they so Fatherland's War, about the partisan move­ anian-under the direct pressure and in­ richly deserve. ment, about the huge achievements in there­ fluence of Russian--.according to their pro­ public in economic and cultural sectors. nunciations, not the original spelllng: e.g., Quite a bit was accomplished in perpetuating James Joyce-Dzeimsas Dwisas; Anthony the names of those who had given their lives Trollop-Entonis Trolopas; Antonio Be­ for the Soviet regime, for socialist order" lucci-Antonijus Belutis; Georges Braque­ RAILWAYS: AN ANSWER TO BAL­ (Muziejai ir paminklai, 1966, p. 4). Zorzas Brakas; Andre Gide-Andre Ziclas; TIMORE MASS TRANSIT? For the indoctrination of the masses, tele­ Antoine de Saint-Exupery-Antuanas de vision, radio, the metropolitan and provin­ Sent-Egziuperi; Alfred Senn-Alfredas Ze­ cial press, theater, art, and literature are nas; Neue deutsche Literatur-Noje doii!e HON. CLARENCE D. LONG widely used. The Communist party requires llteratur, etc. Often, this makes name recog­ OF MARYLAND writers to produce work on "contemporary" nition difficult, if not impossible. There are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES themes, according to the principles of now voices raised against this non-Lithu­ "socialist realism." On May 27, 1970, the cen­ anian practice. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 tral committee of the Lithuanian Communist The Soviet Russians, wishing to have the Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, party issued the following directions to the eastern regions of Lithuania in a kind of Vlth convention of Lithuanian writers: the crush of the automobile and the des­ mixed stage, push the Poles who dwell in perate need for safe, economical, envi­ "Under the conditions of sharper conflicts these regions as well as Polonized Lithua­ between socialism and capitalism, the party nians and Byelorussians into better paying ronmentally sound transportation be­ and the Soviet people expect from you works positions. The latter are appointed to vari­ tween the suburbs and the centers of our that would reflect the faithfulness of the ous local positions. In such linguistically Nation's cities are self-evident. New free­ tolUng people to the immortal ideas of Lenin, mixed areas, the imported Russian colonists ways and expensive subterranean tunnels about a creative man who helps to shape find it easier to establish themselves. The for subways are not the only answers, this new and richer life in the communist same method is used in the Klaipeda-Memel though. society." region. Twenty-six schools were trilingual: the One innovative alternative is being languages of instruction were Russian, Lithu­ proposed for the Baltimore metropolitan anian, and Polish. But there were some sub­ area by the Maryland Environmental jects in these trUingual schools that were ON THE RETffiEMENT OF TWO Trust. Its transportation consultant, taught entirely in Russian. There were 4,800 OUTSTANDING EDUCATORS Harry W. Miller, has prepared a report pupils attending the latter group of schools. pointing out that existing raillines serv­ Thus, from the total number of 496,000 ice many suburban population centers pupils in Lithuania, 61,700 pupils were given HON. CHARLES H. WILSON and connect them with the central area instruction in Russian, making it 13% of the • OF CALIFORNIA total school population' (Lietuvos TSR Ekono­ of Baltimore City. The Environmental mika ir Kultura, Vilnius, 1967). IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Trust suggests that these rail lines be put In the special training secondary schools, Tuesday, June 5, 1973 into service with modem equipment as at the polytechnical institutes, many sub­ commuter facilities. jects are taught only in Russian. or specialty Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Cali­ I am writing both Maryland Secretary sections are created in which only Russian fornia. Mr. Speaker, the Centinela Val­ is used as the language of instruction. Con­ ley Union High School District of of Transportation Harry R. Hughes and tingents of Lithuanian students are sent to Hawthorne, Calif., is one of the finest Federal Transportation Secretary Claude study at various institutions of higher learn­ school systems in the country and in the Brinegar to urge their full support for ing in the Soviet Union. State of California. Last week two mem­ innovations such as this. The proceedings and other scientific pub­ bers of its board of trustees reth:ed after I insert the following article: lications of the Lithuanian Academy of [From the Baltimore Sun, May 21, 1973] Sciences are, in large part, published in Rus­ many years of outstanding service to sian. Those areas having specially to do with their school district and their commu­ RAILWAYS: AN ANSWER TO BALTIMORE MASS Lithuanistics constitute a single exception. nity. TRANSIT? Series B of the Academy (chemistry, tech­ Douglas T. Robertson is a senior mem­ {The Maryland Environmental Trust has nology, and geography) are published only in ber of the board of trustees who has called for the revival of six railroad lines to Russian, usually followed only by very brief provide commuter service in the Baltimore summaries in Lithuanian and in English. All given 19 years of selfless service to the area. This proposal, an alternative to super­ articles in Series C. (life sciences) are also Centinela Valley District. His tenure has highways and new subway-service lines, is published in Russian. been remarkable for his diligence in im­ a controversial subject, as witness the Letters In the cities, many streets, plazas, and plementing high educational standards to the Editor column. The Trust relies on a squares are named after the heroes of the and for overseeing a growth from two to detailed report by Harry W. Mlller, transpor­ Soviets, party functionaries, etc. For ex­ four high schools and the establishment tation consultant, excerpts from which ample, the following are in Vilnius: Lenin of one of the most respected adult edu­ follow:) Prospect, Lenin Square, Tschernyakovsky cation programs in the State. It is commonly agreed that Baltimore, and Square, Kutuzov Square; streets: Suvorov, its surrounding communities must, in order Jabarov, Michurin, Gorkij; Pushkin Park, the Mr. Robertson's concern with school to continue to grow economically, improve Red Army Prospect. The names of the rail­ affairs extends to those of his commu­ facillties for the movement of goods and peo­ road stations, names of various administra­ nity and his country. He is an active ple. Except for a small amount of expressway tive officers, and names of the streets are member of the American field service mileage built within the city limits more written in Lithuanian and in Russian. In the foreign student exchange program as than 10 years ago, Baltimore now meets all museums, the explanatory notes are bllin­ well as numerous civic groups. its local transportation needs by means of gual. In many cities, there are monuments for streets. various Russian and Soviet functionaries. Herbert D. Bartelt joined the Centi­ nela Valley District in 1961 after serv­ Bus service, while fairly extensive in lts The Lithuanian language is being invaded coverage of city neighborhoods, is disgust­ by loan-words from Russian, and by other ing as a trustee of the Lennox Elemen­ ingly slow and infrequent. As in virtually any non-Lithuanian elements. Often, one can tary School District for 12 years. His in­ other congested metropolitan area, bus trans- · hear in occupied Lithuania such awkward terest in young people and their educa­ portation exhibits most of the limitations Russian-Bolshevik constructions as agit- tion is all-encompassing. An officer of of the automobile and none of its advantages. 18220 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 The predominance of bus operations as Penn Central and Reading lines in and in my hometown of North Tonawanda, Baltimore's only public transportation sys­ around Philadelphia. Part of the fleet would N.Y., had in its edition of May 29, 1973, tem other than taxicabs indicates a philoso­ be equipped for self-propelled electric op­ phy based on full accommodation for auto­ eration on the electrified lines of Penn Cen­ an editorial on the Watergate affair and mobile drivers regardless of the adverse ef­ tral, while the remainder would be hauled its ramifi·cations. I found this editorial fects on the urban environment. by diesel electric locomotives. to be well-reasoned and responsible, and Present plans for rail rapid transit in Balti­ Using push-pull controls as found on the I am pleased to share it with my col­ more represent a high degree of marketing, progressive commuter lines around Chicago, leagues: engineering, and design sophistication. We these locomotives propelled and trains could OUR VIEWPOINT: UNTED STATES WILL SURVIVE would be among the first to praise the city be operated from either end, minimizing and state transit planners, and the federal switching operations at terminals ... It is too soon to put together more than officials who seem so eager to fund their plan­ The equipment fleet is estimated as fol­ a skeletal story of what really happened in ned projects, except for one absurd and out­ lows: the Watergate affair, but we can already rageous fact. Diesel propelled trl\ins: 5 routes times 2 begin to measure its impact on the Ameri­ As indicated on the map there now exists train sets equals 10 train sets, or 10 locomo­ can people. a network of rail lines which could provide, tives and 40 cars. At an approximate 10 per Hardly anyone, from barberchair philoso. within two or three years, an extensive com­ cent ratio for spare equipment, due to repair phers to Washington commentators, is keep­ muter railroad system throughout the Balti­ and servicing needs, there would be 1 addi­ ing his feelings to himself, and the reaction more metropolitan area. In fact, with only tional locomotive and 4 additional cars. cuts a wide swath. minor track upgrading, an initial service Self-propelled elec·vric trains: 1 route There are those who say Watergate does could be operated in the rush hours within a times 2 train sets equals 8 cars. The 10 per not surprise them a bit. They are the cynics year. Later, as track, signal and station im­ cent spare equipment ratio would require who seldom see anything but the seamier provements were made, operations could be 1 additional car. side of politics. City hall, to them, is syn­ expanded for full service throughout the The total fleet and estimated cost: onymous wioth hypocrisy and double-dealing. day. At the other end of the spectrum are those Obviously, use of existing track facilities 11 diesel electric locomotives ____ $3,630, 000 so shocked by Watergate to fear the col­ would cost a mere fraction of the transit 44 nonelectrified cars______8, 800, 000 lapse of the ability of our government to planners' proposed new construction. Also, 9 self-propelled electric cars____ 2, 700, 000 govern. there would be a minimum of disruption to The real meaning of Watergate, we are established communities ... Total estimated cost_ ____ 15, 130, 000 sure, lies somewhere in between. To brush The idea of using existing rail lines has During 1959, many articles and letters to off the misbehavior of high government of­ been raised on several previous occasions. the editors appeared in the Baltimore news­ ficials as "politics" is just as big a mistake Each time, such proposals are merely ig­ papers discussing the abandonment of the as to panic at its implications. ncrej, or various objections are used to in­ Maryland & Pennsylvania Railroad, which To embrace either of these extremes is to dicate why the rail lines are not suitable. operated from the terminal at North avenue deny an essential truth about our political For example, it is said that the rail lines do and Howard street directly northward, in back system-that the American people do de­ not serve po;mlous parts of the city. A of johns Hopkins University, through Roland mand high moral standards of their public glance at the map will indicate that many Park, Woodbrook, Towson, the Loch Raven servants, that moral compromise and abuse of the lines intersect or parallel major streets, area, and on to Belair. Forward-looking citi­ of power are the exception rather than the and that there are many logical locations zens urged that the city or state at least rule in public life, and that the system car­ for stations which could generate substantial buy the right-of-way and preserve it for ries built-in mechanisms to assure that their ridership ... possible future rapid transit use. government and its institutions do not be­ The disruption which would accompany In typical fashion, the responsible govern­ come the victims of human frailty. the building of new rail lines as proposed by mental officials did nothing. As far as they The public's moral sense is outraged by the city and state transit planners can be were concerned, railroads were a relic of the political scandal at any level. It should be. shown as a severe negative effect on the Nineteenth Century, and the future of Balti­ As painful and disheartening as it is to see urban environment. On the contrary, grad­ more lay in the glorious construction of acres men in public life betray their trust, these ual and orderly development of rail service of expressway and parking lot pavement. occasions should not inspire cynicism or de­ on existing lines, with maximum input from In 1973, many of the power centers in this spair. They should kindle a resolve to make affected individuals and citizen groups, can state are still trying to ram highways our government and its institutions less do little but enhance the environment ... through urban and suburban neighborhoods, vulnerable to the personal failings of indi­ In view of the excellent coverage of the despite widespread and uniform citizen op-. viduals. entire area, with the exception of northeast position and unquestionable proof that the The Credit Mobilier scandals of the 1870s Baltimore city, by existing rail lines, we call automobile and its appendages are the worst and the Teapot Dome case of the 1920s sent for the use of these rail lines before there environmental disasters ever to hit Western tremors through the ship of state, but such is any further consideration of the building civilizrution. storms have had a lasting and beneficial of new lines. The tracks are here, and second­ Mean while, of the rail lines described in effect. hand passenger equipment is availablE' for this report, four are out of service and/or They helped make succeeding generations experimental use. The Maryland Department subject to abandonment proceedings. The more aware of the need for vigilance to pre­ of Transportation should begin a program state plans to spend $1 billion duplicating serve the integrity of their government. of test passenger runs, together with nego­ the Western Maryland Railway for rapid We may be shocked by Watergate disclo­ tiations with the railroad companies for transit operations. There is little discussion sures, but we should be equally impressed by state and city use of existing lines. of just when the state might get around to the inexorable manner in which the truth 1s The maps indicate the location of 103 pro­ serving other parts of the metropolitan area. working its way to the surface. We owe this posed or existing stations, of which 37 are Rapid transit routes are often designed to to our free press and to the inherent strength in the city of Baltimore. In addition, there coincide with planned but unneeded express­ in the system of checks and balances in our should be major stations and parking lots ways, in a last ditch effort to use the old ploy government. where each of the rail lines crosses the "Accept our expressway plans or you won't It may turn out that some men have Baltimore Beltway. get any rapid transit." brought dishonor to government service but, Additional stations can be located where Have we not learned anything during the to the extent they have done so, they have desired by the residents of various com­ past 14 years? Must we let vital rail Hnes aroused the determination of others to munities located on the ran lines. In a later disappear so that they can be resurrected preserve and enhance the honor of the gov­ phase of the program, it may be advisable to at fantastic oost in a few years? It is up to ernment as a whole. build connecting links to nearby communi­ the citizens of the Baltimore area to call We can anticipate new attitudes toward ties, where this can be accomplished with a halt to the foolishly extravagant and en­ the conduct of political campaigns as a result minimal environmental disruption. vironmentally destructive transportation of Wategate. We have seen the need to erect Certain of the rail lines lend themselves plans of the state. new safeguards to protect such sensitive to through operations, which would start at agencies as the Federal Bureau of Investiga­ one suburban terminal, pass through center tion and the Central Intelligence Agency city, and terminate at another suburban sta­ from being drawn into domestic politics. We tion. Other routes would function best with have heard the President concede that the a downtown terminal, from which inbound WATERGATE isolation of his office is a problem to be cor­ trains would then return to the suburbs. rected. The building of certs.in connecting links and There may be more buffeting ahead from improved track layout at existing links the high winds of Watergate, but there need would create additional fiexib111ty . . . HON. HENRY P. SMITH III be no fear that the ship of state wlll run The commuter/rapid transit service pro­ OF NEW YORK aground. posed herein should be operated with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Indeed, there is every reason to concl·ude streamlined, air conditioned, high capacity Tuesday, June 5, 1973 that when the storm subsides we will find commuter cars such as those purchased by our political system stronger, healthier and a the city of Philadelphia and the common­ Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, step closer to realizing the ideals which have wealth of Pennsylvania for service on the the Tonawanda News, published daily always been its goal. June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18221 ELLSBERG IS NO HERO there is no excuse for anyone treating Ells­ older folks against the powerful Russian berg as a hero. tanks. These young people, like my mother, Neither in the case of government officials with their strong beliefs succeeded and Hun­ nor in the case of Daniel Ellsberg can it be gary was free again. Only 12 days they were HON. GERALD R. FORD argued that the ends justified the means, free. On Nov. 4, 1956, this little proud Nation OF MICHIGAN especially when the means included viola­ ( 10 million people) had to face the Com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions of the law and federal regulations. munist tanks and army. Half a million peo­ Ellsberg is no hero. He's a heel. ple, young and old lost their lives for their Tuesday, June 5, 1973 country and for freedom. Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, Over 50,000 Freedom Fighters were packed an editorial in the May 29, 1973, edition in box cars and shipped to Russia as POW's. Today in 1973 they are still there. Many of the Detroit News exactly expresses my VERY PROUD AMERICANS people were involved in this fight for freedom sentiments with regard to Dr. Daniel and couldn't escape to the West. Some 56,000 Ellsberg and his aborted trial. In my view, were sentenced and hanged in political the fact that the prosecution of Ellsberg HON. JOHN E. HUNT prisons. From the age of 16 the Communist went awry does not alter the fact that OF NEW JERSEY government was waiting until these young­ he stole Government papers and made IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sters became legal age to be hanged, at 18. My father told me that at the church where them available for publication. As the Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Detroit News has said, editorially, "Ells­ my brother, sister and I were christened in Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, the United Zroebling, there was a Hungarian priest who berg's No Hero." I commend a reading of went to the United Nations to offer his own the editorial to my colleagues: States of America has long been known life to the Russians for the exchange of these NIXON Is RIGHT: ELLSBERG Is No HERO as the melting pot of the world. And 18 year old boys. President Nixon's attack on Daniel Ells­ for good reason. In 1620, the Pilgrims My mother was lucky because, after she berg and those who are eulogizing him was landed on our shores so that they might was captured by the Russians, she escaped highly deserved, in this newspaper's opinion. enjoy freedom of religion. It continued. and fled to the West, hiding, marching Mr. Nixon did not mention Ellsberg by Figures show that from 1820 through through the winter nights until, with others, name in his remarks to 600 returned POW's 1971, some 45,533,116 persons emigrated she reached Vienna, Austria. at the White House Thursday night but to al­ from all countries to the United States. My father was a fighter pilot during the most everyone who heard or read his re­ They left, Mr. Speaker, for a variety Second World War fighting on the Russian marks-except Ellsberg himself-it was obvi­ front as a lieutenant. In 1945 his fighter ous whom the President meant when he said: of reasons, but one of the biggest and wing was stationed in Austria. On May 10 "It is time to quit making national heroes most compelling reasons to come was to the U.S. Air Force took over his fighter wing, out of those who steal secrets and publish escape oppression. They wanted to en­ and he was released with many others to them in the newspapers." joy the one thing that every member of go back to Hungary, because the war was NBC didn't get the message, however. It the community of man wants the most­ over. On their way the Russians took them put Ellsberg on the Today show the next they wanted their freedom. and, in guarded sealed box cars, took them morning where he attacked the President One of the most touching letters I have through Hungary, Romania and into Russia and played once again the role of injured ever received came to my office just the as POW's. Here he worked as a slave for innocence he has worn ever since a federal other day. It was from a Hungari·an fa­ bread and soup every day 10 hours in judge threw out of court the government freezing, sometimes 10 or 20 below zero charges against him. ther of five and was acompanied by a temperatures. My grandmother did not Ellsberg professed to believe the President newspaper article written by his daugh­ know where he was or even if he was alive was referring to members of his own staff. ter. for four years. That pose permitted Ellsberg to point to the Mr. Speaker, I commend the letter of At the end of 1948 he was released back to record of the men around Mr. Nixon and to Joseph R. Rath, and the article written his country. accuse them, including the President, of by his daughter Erika, to the attention In 1949 on the new national elections "criminal acts," which, of course, have been of my colleagues. They indeed are, very with Russian pressure the Communists took proved to date only ag.ainst the seven con­ truly proud Americans. over. My father did not like the godless and victed of the Watergate break-in. inhuman situation. His father was a mayor Ellsberg said there had been "no chance" OAKLYN, N.J., of a city just like our town in Oaklyn. His of his conviction in the government's case April30, 1973. mother was a principai of a high school. against Mm for steaHng the Pentagon Papers. To Our Favoa-ite Congressman Because the family lived religiously and in If that were so, why didn't Ellsberg take his JOHN E. HUNT, wealth, they became the worst and strong­ chances with the jury that was trying the Camden, N.J. est enemy of the Communist regime. case and permit it to make its decision? DEAR CONGRESSMAN HUNT: I am very proud After my grandparents lost their position The fact is Judge William Matthew Byrne as an emigrant to have Children like I have, and everything was taken away from them, Jr., before dismissing the charges, offered thank to God And thanks to our beautiful my father and my uncle went underground the defendants, Ellsberg and 4-nthony Russo, Country. to fight against the unbearable conditions. the opportunity to go to the jury for a ver­ I do not wanted to take Your time, I just They joined a wing movement for freedom dict. This is what the New York Times said wanted You to share my happynes. Please which was a side organization from Cardinal on that point in its report from Los Angeles read this article, and I am pretty shure Youre Mindszenty, who was already sentenced for on May 12: Megnificant Secreary Mrs. Mary Glickman life. In 1952 my father and my uncle's "He {the judge) said he would withhold will tel abaut Us Hungaryans. group was captured by the AVO (secret his ruling on their motion to dismiss 1f they My Family and I thank You for Your end­ police) after informers turned them in. The wanted. He indicat ed that if they did decide less work: representing and protecting our same judge who sentenced Cardinal Mind­ to go to the jury, he would probably dismiss community in the Unated States Congress. szenty and the same prosecutor was asking some of the counts-six for espionage, six A very oroud american. the jury to hang my father, my uncle and for theft and one for conspiracy. JOSEPH P. RATH. three others. A year later they were sent to "He said that he believed enough of the How MY PARENTS WON THEm FREEDOM a political prison camp in a coal mine with case was left to litigate before the jury, if the hard labor for the rest of their lives. defendants so desired. They did not and (By Erika Rath) On Oct. 27, 1956, after a four day hunger then he read his ruling." Look up to the flag every day which sym­ strike down in the coal mines, the revolu­ While the judge's ruling chastized the gov­ bolizes your freedom. Our flag gives you the tionary Hungarian Government freed my ernment, it did not vindicate the defendants, right to love your country, live in your coun­ father and my uncle and many thousands whatever Ellsberg may say now. It did not try, and protect your country. How can you of political prisoners. After that they joined dispose of the issues because, as the judge do that? I know and I'll let you know through the Freedom Fighters to keep and secure said at the time of the dismissal, that "can my parents' experience. freedom for Hungary. On one occasion my only be done by going to a jury." Ellsberg and My mother was born in Budapest, Hun­ father was standing in an alley and when Russo chose not to accept that offer. So, re­ gary. She came from a poor Catholic family. he looked back, saw this little blond girl gardless of what the defendants or the jurors At the age of 14, she had to support her with a runny nose and a machinegun in her said after the l;rtal, Ellsberg at that time was family needs, and went to work. Under the hand which was red from the extreme cold. not as confident of his chances of acquittal Communist ruling, she was not able to learn He was 32 and he was very much impressed as he now says he was. and exercise her religion. with this scene to see people so young fight­ There is no excuse for the government's On Oct. 23, 1956, the Hungarian revolution ing and risking their lives for their freedom. involvement in the Watergate mess. There started, and she was only 16. From my grand­ He never forgot the face of this little 16- is no excuse for the break-in at the office of parents she learned about freedom, so as year-old girl. Ellsberg's psychiatrist. There likewise is no a little girl, she joined the Freedom Fighters, After the Russian tanks ran down the excuse for Ellsberg's actions in releasing the fighting on the street with machine guns Hungarian revolution, my father with many classified Pentagon Papers to the press. And in the cold days protecting children and others left their country to go to the West. 18222 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 God's ways are unpredicable. My mother require submission of an Executive Reorgani­ Act. The Court, having found that the use and my father after fleeing their country zation Plan to the Congress? of Section 221 funds for phase out purposes had new dreams. (c) Does failure to follow the notice re­ and the prohibition of their use for any In Austria they met accidentally again. quirement of Section 623 of the EOA invali­ other purpose, concluded that the Section My father remembered the little girl in the date issuances published without compliance 221 function had already been abolished. The alley. So living and waiting in the same with this requirement? Court failed to note, however, that the vast convent for the big journey to America, they Discussion: A. Te.rmination of CAA fund­ majority of CAAs would continue function­ had plans for the new life to this beautiful ing violates the EOA. ing with FY 73 funds into FY 74 and that Promised Land. In Camp Kilmer without The Court cites certain actions of the Di­ the abolition of the function would not have money, without even a wedding band, they rector following the announcement of the occurred until FY 74 when and if funds were got married in a little chapel by a Hun­ President's budget on January 29, 1972, as not appropriated for Section 221 programs. garian priest, Father Farro. being contro111ng on this issue: 1) He had The Court also failed to observe that the only To make me understand my father and issued a generally worded letter to § 221 Section 221 function, in fact, is the funct ion my mother teld me this true story and when grantees (mainly consisting of CAAs) that no of making grants to CAAs for local initiative they were telling me I could see tears in 221 funds would be available after June 30, purposes. That function was not being abol­ their eyes. This is just two persons' story 1973 and that grantees dl.ie for funding in ished in FY . 73 as Section 221 funds were about the way this beautiful country was FY 74 should begin phase out; and that to be obligated through June 30, 1973. and is. In 16 years my parents bought a · grantees due for funding before June 30, C. OEO's failure to publish regulations as home, a restaurant, three apartments. 1973 would receive up to 6 months phase out required by Section 623 of the EOA unlaw­ They have five children. Their children grants. ful. are raised and taught at home, and in our The Court placed great weight upon an Section 623 of the EOA provides that all school, religiously, with love and respect for OEO Instruction issued March 15, 1973 which regulations shall be published in the Federal America where freedom succeeds so beauti­ explicitly set out the procedures for phase Register at least 30 days prior to their ef­ fully. out activities. The Court noted that the In­ fective date. The Government contended that People, like my parents, could lose every­ struction required the submission of phase even though there is a failure to comply with thing except their love and their memories. out plans, prohibited no-cost extensions of the publication requirement of Section 623, They gave up all this, because they found a grants even if funds remained unexpended at it does not render illegal the regulations so spot on the globe where there is happiness, the end of the funding period, and 8J.so re­ issued. The Government argued that Section justice, and freedom. quired that once the phase out period com­ 623 merely is a device by which Congress de­ menced, Section 221 funds only could be used for phase out purposes. The Court viewed sired to be informed of the requirements be­ these procedures as constituting the termi­ ing imposed on grantees and that such notice DISTRICT COURT DECISIONS nation of the CAA function of OEO and that was not a condition precedent to the legality AFFECTING THE OEO CAAs were required to use Section 221 funds of regulations issued. The Government fur­ ther contended that genuine emergencies ex­ for phase out CYf their programs rather than to carry out the purposes of Section 221. isted as to the immediate issuance of these HON. ALBERT H. QUIE It should be observed that the Court failed regulations and delay of 30 days would have OF MINNESOTA to discuss other portions of the instruction severely hampered the Director's ability to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in question which permitted grantees to uti­ carry out the administration of OEO pro­ lize Section 221 funds for program purposes grams. Lastly, the Government urged that Tuesday, June 5, 1973 and which did not require phase out where when Congress desired to impose a restric­ Mr. QUIE. Mr. Speaker, all of my col­ grantees were able to demonstrate that there tion on the effective date of regulations, it existed a commitment to continue operations stated so far more clearly that it did in Sec­ leagues are aware of the President's de­ tion 623. As an example, the Higher Edu­ cision to delegate or transfer into Cabi­ in FY 74 through non-OEO funding sources. In concluding that the CAA function was cation Amendments of 1968 provided that no net departments most of the antipoverty being terminated during FY 73, the Court regulation "shall take effect" until 30 days activities now conducted by the Office of specifically found that OEO had an obliga­ after publication in the Federal Register. Economic Opportunity and to phase out tion to continue Section 221 programs Such language is substantially clearer than the community action program. through FY 73. The Court based this finding the language in Section 623. Local 2677 of the AFGE brought suit on the multi-year authorization for Section The Court having considered these issues in the Federal District Court in Wash­ 221 funding. the Congressional extension for determined that Section 623 does not provide two years of the duration of OEO programs for any contingencies and makes a clear re­ ington to prevent the Acting Director of quirement that all regulations shall be pub­ the OEO from carrying out this decision. authority and the earmarking of $328.9 mil­ lion for Section 221. The Court rejected the lished 30 days prior to the effective date. The I recently asked the Acting General Government's arguments to the effect that Court construed such a requirement to mean Counsel of the OEO, Mr. Alan MacKay (1) it was the Director's duty to terminate that OEO regulations would not be effective for an interpretation of the decision in the agency's functions once he knew that until 30 days after publication. Accordingly, this case. It is his opinion that the deci­ FY 74 funds were proposed for the agency in the Court held that as to regulations pub­ sion may have restricted the delegatory order to effect the least waste of funds; (2) lished in the Federal Register they would be powers of the Acting Director very little. the Director has a responsibllity to insure effective 30 days after publication provided It does prevent OEO from awarding the fiscal integrity of CAAs and therefore it that they were not held to be illegal by virtue was his responsibility to determine that Sec­ of the Court's decision. grants for "phasing out" certain opera­ tion 221 funds could be spent in a more fis­ Based upon the several foregoing holdings, tions. The delegation of programs ap­ cally responsible manner by orderly winding the Court granted plaintiff's motions for parently can continue as long as they are up the affairs of the agency rather than keep­ summary judgment thereby declaring illegal not meant to bring about the abolition ing Section 221 programs functioning where all regulations and other communications of the OEO. there was no basis to believe that a commit­ providing for or intending to accomplish the Mr. Speaker, I submit the analysis of ment existed for continued funding of such termination of OEO or of the termination or Judge Jones' decision for the information programs in FY 74 through non-OEO fund­ functioning of community action agencies. of my colleagues and an analysis of a re­ ing sources; and, (3) that if the Director did The Court further ordered that the Director not embark upon the course of action pro­ or any person acting in concert with him is lated case in the U.S. District Court for vided for in issuances he published since enjoined from implementing any regulation the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern January 29, 1973 calling for the orderly published or otherwise communicated in vio­ Division. phase out of CAAs there would be financial lation of the Court's order. The analysis follow: havoc in the communities because grantees ANALYSIS OF THE DECISION OF JUDGE JONES' having fully expended FY 73 funds for pro­ ANALYSIS OF JUDGE PARSON'S DECISION IN THE OF THE DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF gram purposes would have no funds remain­ U.S. DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN COLUMBIA, IN LOCAL 2677, ET AL. VS. HOWARD ing to cover its liabilities should no FY 74 DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS, EASTERN DIVISION PHILLIPS funds be appropriated. Facts: On January 29, 1973, the President Facts: This was a consolidated action B. The termination of CAA funding vio­ submitted his Budget to the Congress, which brought against OEO by several classes of l81ted the Executive Reorganization Act. among other things, called for the delegation persons. The facts are substantially the same The court noted that its finding that the of several OEO programs to other Federal as recited in the analysis of Judge Parson's Director had terminated the Section 221 agencies and a zero request for FY 1974 funds decision in National Council of Locals vs. function in FY 73 also constituted an inde­ for CAAs and OEO as an agency. As a result OEO, which was furnished in a separate pendent violation of the law in that the ter­ of these and other budget initiatives, and document. mination of the function required Congres­ in anticipation of the effect that these ini­ Issues: (a} Does the earmark of Section 221 sional submission pursuant tQ the Executive tiatives would have on 1974 activities, the funds for FY 73 coupled with the anti-dele­ Reorganization Act. That Act, at Section 903 Acting Director of OEO undertook several gation provisions for the Section 221 func­ (a) (2) of Title 5, provides that "the aboli­ actions: ( 1) He publicly notified CAAs of tions make it illegal for the Director to termi­ tion of all or a part of the functions of an the budget decisions, established phase-out nate funding of CAAs? agency" shall be carried out through the procedures, and gave 6 month grants to all (b) Do the actions concerning the CAAs provisions of the Executive Reorganization grantees coming due for funding between June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18223 January 29, 1973, and June 30, 1973; (2) he MR. PATRICK BUCHANAN ON DRAFT American war, roughly 1,300 U.S. males be­ instituted reduction-in-force proceedings DODGERS tween the ages of 15 and 29 annually be­ with respect to OEO Regional Office em­ came "landed immigrants" in Canada.. If one ployees; and (3) he instituted actions to concedes that every single American male, effec·t delegations of authority. HON. DAVID C. TREEN over 14 and under 30-a.bove that annual These actions by the Acting Director average-who became a "landed immigrant" OF LOUISIANA in Canada. between January 1965 and Jan­ prompted the instant motion for preliminary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES injunction. uary 1972 was either a. draft dodger or a Issue: Were the actions taken by the Act­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 deserter-an obvious impossibility--even ing Director within the Executive Branch's then the official total for all of Canada constitutional authority to execute the laws Mr. TREEN. Mr. Speaker, at no time could have come to no more than 17,000 at or did those actions constitute legislating? in our history, even after World Wars I the very time Mr. Wa.lz located 40,000 in Holding: . OEO exercised reasonable dis­ and II, have we sought to grant a general Toronto alone. cretion and, thus, did not engage in unlaw­ amnesty in such close proximity to the What about the "55,000 in other countries" ful or illegal acts in carrying out the FY 1973 conclusion of a war. And I question the friend Lerner was concerned with? Well, the Budget decisions affecting OEO. prudence of those who seek a general de­ second most popular sanctuary for the "over Discussion: The first question posed is cree now. The hardships and sacrifices the hill" army has been Sweden. On that whether the OEO's Memorandum of January which were made by our prisoners of war situation, Haynes Johnson of the Washing­ 29, 1973, informing CAAs of the Budget de­ ton Post, reported two weeks ago: "Sweden cisions and setting out activities to assure and their families, I feel, make the pres­ generally believed to have the next (after orderly phase-out violates ~tion 3(c) (2) of ent debate on amnesty very question­ Canada.) largest number of American desert­ the EOA Amendments of 1972, authorizing able. ers or war resisters, does maintain an offi­ the ·sum of $328,900,000 to be reserved and In a recent article in the June issue of cial count of deserters. A count made last made a.vallable under Section 221. The Court the Alternative, Mr. Patrick Buchanan fall said there were 602 deserters in Sweden." held that (1) even though there is an au­ offers some more pertinent points which, This squares with official U.S. figures. The thorization for FY 73 and 74, until Congress military places 237 "deserters at large" in I believe, indicate why a general amnesty Sweden; the Selective Service puts there the appropriates funds for FY 74, OEO is under should not be rushed through Congress: ' no obligation to carry out programs; and (2) "bulk" of the roughly 450 "fugitives" outside that the Court will wait until the end of FY A QUESTION OF NUMBERS the United States and Canada.. 73 to decide whether OEO reserved and made (By Patrick J. Buchanan) To hell with the totals, we are told, the available the full earmarked amount for On December 14, 1971, introducing his young men who fled to Canada and Sweden Section 221 (the Court equates, without ex­ "Amnesty Act of 1972," Senator Taft ob­ "rather than fight in this immoral war" are planation, "reserve and make available," the served, " ... estimates of the number of still, in Milton Viorst's phrase, "the guar­ language of Section 3(c) (2) with "reserve, young Americans living in exile range as dians of the national conscience." Thanks make available, obligate and expend," the lat­ high as 70,000." Therein lies a tale. to the sta.tistic-mlndedness of Mr. Pa.lme's ter rtwo words not being in Section 3 (c) ( 2) ) . Within 72 hours, Shana Alexander of CBS's regime and the enterprise of the New York The second question posed was whether Spectrum had checked Taft's highesrt esti­ Daily News we have an idea what the Stock­ the proposed delegations of on-going OEO mate and found it low, and ascertained the holm crowd is up to when not guarding programs must be accomplished under the motives of the entire runaway army. "Over the national conscience. Quoting Swedish Executive Reorganization Act: The Court 70,000 of these young men are now sitting Director of Immigration, William Leth, last found that Section 602(d) permitted the in exile or in prison," she stated, "because of November Hugh Wyatt of the News wrote: planned delegations without resort to the their opposition to the war in Vietnam." "He (Leth) said that from 1967 to 1970, of Executive Reorganization Act. In effect, the Clearly, the situation called for a mani­ the 585 Americans allowed to enter the coun­ court concluded that the President was festo. On January 1, 1972, sixteen worthies, try, 110 were involved in major crimes, citing empowered with two methods for moving anchored by the indefatigable Joe Rauh, is­ the following: 36 thefts, seven robberies; 49 OEO programs to other Departments­ sued a call for blanket amnesty: "There are drug-related cases including pushing ... through a delegation of authority under Sec­ at least 70,000 and some say as many as Leth said that 52 deserters were jalled but tion 602(d); or as a reorganization pursuant 100,000 young American men in Canada, men declined to say how many are still there. to the Executive Reorganization Act and who have quit the military or refused the Nearly thirty persons have been deported." Section 601(b) of the EOA. The Court, of draft ... We say: Let them go and let their That's quite a performance. course, also observed that Section 221 func­ records be made clean." The next morning in What Mr. Leth 1s telling us in a. nice tions, legal services and economic develop­ The Los Angeles Times, Max Lerner, a. jour­ way is that in one three-year period, 20 ment could not be delegated under Section nalist of great probity, redeployed the 70,000- percent of our Stockholm brigade was in­ 602(d). Moreover, the Court noted that any man army somewhat, declaring, "There are volved in major crimes; 10 percent jailed, and functional discontinuance of these three 15,000 exiles in Canada, some 55,000 in other 6 percent deported. Those statistics seem not programs before the end of FY 73 would be countries." only a trifle high for: "guardians of the na­ inappropriate. By January 11, however, The New York tional conscience"; they would have been The third question concerned the legality Times' man in Ottawa., Jay Wa.lz, had located considered an embarrassment by Crazy Joe of OEO instructions issued without publica­ the hordes. "As many as 40,000 exiles ... Gallo and the Brooklyn Mafia.. tion 1n the Federal Register 30 days before are in Toronto, the favorite haven, and some What do these statistics say? This, I think, their effective date. The Court held that 10,000 may be in Montreal," he stated, noting First, 7,000 to 10,000 seems a more honest, where good cause is shown, OEO could justify of their employment status. "Many others justifiable estimate of the actual Canadian failure to publish in the Federal Register. of the 50,000 to 70,000 draft resisters in Can­ contingent of draft dodgers and deserters However, the Court found no evidence of ada. are not fortunate where jobs are con­ than the 70,000 to 100,000 we have been con­ good cause for failing to comply with Sec­ cerned.'' stantly fed. Secondly, that, because of an tion 623. So it went through 1972 and throughout ideological bias, otherwise competent Ameri­ The ultimate question is whether CAA the U.S. media. can newsmen have engaged in inexcusably funding under Section 221 will be discon­ By early February of 1973, Fred Barnes of sloppy journalism, swallowing whole without tinued prior to the end of FY 73. Key to the the Washington Star was declaring categori­ inspection bogus statistics fed them by resolution of this question was the affidavit cally, "There are about 60,000 to 100,000 draft evaders in exile from the United States"; and Canadian based antiwar groups-when a few and testimony of an OEO official. (This testi­ Newsda.y was announcing, in a. lead editorial, phone calls and a. little arithmetic would mony was not before Judge Jones of the D.C. "There are perhaps 100,000 young men who have shown the number almost certainly District Court.) By virtue of this testimony are in exile either because they fled the outlandish. Third, that for two years some and other factors, the Court concluded that country to avoid the draft or because they of the nation's principal news organizations CAAs due for funding before 7/1/73 were deserted while in the military to avoid fight­ have thus grossly misled the American peo­ being funded for 6 months, and that ing in Vietnam." ple about the magnitude of the problem they grantees who had no assurance of other than What are the facts? Well, the fact is that confront in the matter of amnesty for run­ OEO funds were required to phase-out of the U.S. government places the figure of vert­ aways. Fourth, that some U.S. journalists and business in order to insure fiscal and prop- fled deserters anc;i draft dodgers in Canada at politicians have been characterizing as the erty accountability. . just under 4,000. Outside Canada and the "best of our younger generation" and the In light of these fundings, the Court held United States it estimates an additional "guardians of the national conscience" a. that nothing in the law prohibits the Act­ 1,200. Of the 2,533 "deserters at large" outside collection of draft dodgers and deserters ing Director, in his discretion, from spending the United States, the Pentagon places about whose statistical profile and performance funds for administrative purposes such as 1 ,BOO plus in Canada, while of the 2,400 in exile show them to contain more than phase-out. It further held that it did not "fugitives" from draft law indictments, the the customary complement of malingerers, abuse discretion to advise CAAs of the budget Selective Service places just under 2,000 with · opportunists, criminals, and cowards. decisions or that they were expected to meet our neighbor to the North. This is especially manifest after watching their financial and property obligations to Official Canadian statistics do not con­ the genuine heroes of our age and time de­ their employees and creditors and to OEO tradict U.S. government estimates. Between bark at Clark Field. To hear the boys who conclusive. 1960 and 1964, before Vietnam became an ran away to Toronto and Montreal and Stock- 18224 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 holm lionized as "moral heroes" is-ob­ tion has been exaggerated. An end to the let off with a slap on the hand or sho:r>t jaU scene. heroin problem will not likely cut crime term? sharply, particularly violent crime, which A. At the beginning of last year the fed­ has been on the rise. eral government gave the city a $10 million DRUGS IN NEW YORK Q. How will Gov. Rockefeller's new, tough grant to set up a special section of the Su­ drug law affect the drive a.gainst pushers? preme Court to handle nothing but narcotics A. Judges, police, and district attorneys case·S. Also included were funds for a city­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL mostly opposed the bill, even in the modi­ wide narcotics district attorney, a position fied form which the Legislature is about OF NEW YORK now held by Frank J. Rogers, who can insti­ to enact. Law enforcement officials fear gate cases and prosecute in all five boroughs. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the new law will clog the courts and actu­ The arrangement was intended to coordi­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 ally retard their efforts to apprehend ma­ nate pr-osecution and allow a more efficient jor traffickers. The focus they say, will drive against high-level dealers. Despite some Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, one of the shift to harsh treatment of the street-level notable exceptions, the courts have spent compelling problems that continues to addict-pusher leaving the significant fiow most of their time handing out erratic sen­ face the great city of New York is nar­ of drugs uninterrupted. The law will pro­ tences to low-level dealers, and drug law en­ cotics addiction and abuse. vide mandatory minimum sentences for forcement is anything but coordinated. After much publicity, discussion and selling even the smallest amounts of heroin, One of the problems has been that the decisive actions, inroads are finally be­ cocaine, or LSD along with sharp restric­ regular DAs, particularly Brooklyn's Eugene ing made in the treatment and reha­ tions on "plea bargaining." Gold, have balked at the notion of turning Q. Why, after years of the heroin epi­ over significant drug cases, which often carry bilitation of drug users, and the appre­ deinic seeining to defy solution, do we see favorable publicity. A recent state report on hension of nonaddicted pushers. a sudden improvement? the new narcotics courts charged th81t the I fervently hope that a moral and fis­ A. Many factors are involved. Teachers DAs use the courts as a "dumping ground" cal commitment is made by New Yorkers and counselors at ghetto schools say young­ for their "older, weaker, and less serious" and New York officials to continue an sters who have grown up amid heroin-caused narcotics cases. all-out war against dangerous drugs misery are conditioned against the drug­ In addition, appointments to the new until narcotics addiction and drug abuse "smack isn't cool anymore." courts were used as political patronage, and• Another crucial element was a decisiQn many of the judges were assigned from the no longer plague our city and our civil courts wi,th little experience in the neighbors. by the Lindsay administration three years ago to drop its opposition to methadone complexities of the laws governing narcotics In this election year, when we in New maintenance treatment and support large­ cases. Court observers say this is one of the York will choose our leadership for the scale use of the heroin substitute. reasons for a high rate of acquittal at trials next 4 years, it is indeed commendable At the same time, successful efforts by in the new courts and for sentences that for that the New York Post seeks to inform law enforcement agencies, particularly the the same crime have varied from probation and educate New Yorkers on the state of Federal Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous to 10 years in prison. the city, so that an intelligent and Drugs, have cut sharply into the supply Q. What has happened to the thousands available heroin. of addicts in the face of the heroin shortage? proper vote can be cast for our next A. Estimates C1f the numbers of heroin mayor. Since last summer heroin has remained virtually unavailable in some neighborhoods users here have traditionally ranged between I now submit the Post article on drugs where it had been sold freely, and even 100,000 and 300,000 without anyone knowing for the collective attention of this body: where bags can now be purchased the heroin the true number. Also unknown is the num­ THE STATE OF THE CITY-ARTICLE I: DRUGS content is often dilluted far below the pre­ ber of addiots who were able to stop taking (By Robert Bazell) vious level. the drug without any assistance. But many, if not the majority, of the city's Q. What kept narcotics agents from at­ Q. Is New York's drug problem continuing addicts have turned to methadone, and the to worsen? tacking the heroin supply successfully before now? heroin substitute drug figures as another of A. A number of signs over the past year the key elements in the apparent reduction have indicated that heroin addiction and A. Last April 16 police and federal agents of the city's heroin problem. drug-related crime, though still serious and rounded up some 80 alleged drug dealers, Q. What is methadone? wide-spread problems, have begun to ease most of them working from Plesant Av. in off. At the same time, abuse of pills, cocaine, East Harlem. The arrests, police said, marked A. It is a synthetic medication, manufac­ methadone, alcohol, and a variety of other a major victory in the heroin war since the tured in a laboratory-as opposed to heroin, drugs is increasingly common. group was capable of selling more than 200 morphine and other narcotics that are de­ Q. What are the signs that the heroin pounds of heroin a week (enough to satisfy rived from extracts of the opium poppy. In problem is letting up? thousands of addicts) . most of its effects, methadone is virtually A. Police statistics indicate a decline of The Plesa.nt Av. operation had been well indistinguishable from heroin. Both are of the crimes usually attributed to addicts known for years to many people fainiliar highly addictive. Methadone, however, works about 15 per cent over last year in reports with the city's heroin distribution network. when taken by mouth and its effect lasts desperate for a fix-apartment break-ins, In fact, in 1967 Police Sgt. David Durk, up to 36 hours, much longer tnan heroin or shoplifting, and other varieties of theft and whose revelations led to the formation of other opiates. burglary. The incidence of street muggings the Knapp Cominission, had tried unsuc­ Q. Where do addicts obtain methadone? has also fallen, though not as sharply. cessfully to get the police to move again.st A. Methadone maintenance therapy, where The number of narcotic-related deaths, the pushers. addicts receive a daily dose of the heroin long taken as the grim measure of heroin One can only surmise why the police failed substitute, along with medical and rehab111- use has fallen sharply. In March of this year, tative services, now constitutes the major to act until now. But the theft of the "French form of treating drug addicts here. More than for 'example, the Chief Medical Examiner's Connection" heroin, millions of dollars worth, office reported 41 such deaths here compared t has plagued many pa,st investi­ ment since without some form of therapy year and around 60 per cent in 1971. gations. they usually go back to heroin. Q. This would imply that less crime is Besides an easing of the problems, both the The Health Services Administration also being cominitted by addicts. Why hasn't city and the Nixon Administration have in­ mans a 24 hours-a-day hotline (the phone the crime level fallen even further? creased the funds and facUlties available for number is 226-6900) to assist people with A. Many authorities now believe that the drug law enforcement. drug problems and refer them to treatment widely touted link between crime and addle- Q. In the courts, aren't drug pushers often 1f necessary. Lately, the city has sent vans June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18225 out to some neighborhoods in an attempt to you call it "compulsory overtime" instead "Voluntary overtime is working fine here. entice addicts into programs. of "slavery" you can get away with just Six days a week, seven for some depart­ Q. Does methadone cure addiction? ments-and one department even worked A. Methadone satisfies an addict's crav­ about the same thing. th!e New Year's week. All on voluntary over­ ing for narcotics and, depending on the dose, I call it slavery, Mr. Speaker, when time." (An American Motors worker.) blocks the effects of heroin if the addict at­ workers at Ford's transmission plant in "Getting us voluntary overtime would be tempts shoot up. Sharonville, Ohio, have been working 7 the best thing the union could do for us. Methadone is not a cure for addiction. But days a week-not by choice, mind you, (A Ford Transmission worker at Sharon­ when taking a regular, stable dose of the but at the orders of their supervisors- ville, Ohio.) drug an addict usually feels few effects. In 7 days a week, for the past 2 years. Auto­ "Voluntary overtime is no problem for us. a clinic setting this can mean the addict is mation equipment workers at the Ford and General Motors are producing cars amenable to counseling and job opportuni­ Sharonville plant have been working an in Germany, but they cannot say to the work­ ties. On the streets it means fewer addicts ers you have to work more than 40 hours a are nodding off into a heroin stupor. average of 74 hours every week for the week. I'm wondering why they can do this Both legal and illegal methadone (which last 30 months. That works out to 4,420 in Cologne and Frankfurt but not in the sells on the streets for about $5 for a day's hours of overtime for each employee over United States." (Sen. Heinz Ruhnau, Ger­ dose) are seen as factors in the reduction of the last 2% years. And, of course, since man government leader, former Metalworkers addict-related crime since the drug elimi­ that is ap average figure, we can be cer­ Union regional director.) nates the need to obtain $30 or more a day tain that there are many who have From the intensely personal viewpoint of to support a heroin habit. those workers who have to stand up to long, Q. Is methadone dangerous? worked even more overtime hours. Four thousand four hundred and punishing hours in the shop, who feel they A. An addict's normal dose of methadone are paying a sometimes agonizing price to can kill a person who, unlike the addict twenty hours of forced work. Seventy­ meet the demand for production, voluntary lacks tolerance for a high dose of narcotics. four hours total, both regular time and overtime has become a top issue on their About 100 such deaths, some of them chil­ forced overtime, per week. I wonder how union's collective bargaining agenda. dren who accidentally took their parent's many marriages have broken up because As they see it, forced overtime of 10 or 12 dose, occured here last year. And for this the husband or the wife is a slave in an hours daily, six or seven days a week, month reason, police have begun a campaign to auto factory. after month without letup from the grinding cut off black market methadone, much of pressure, means this for some of them: which originates with patients in treatment And I know there are some who will broken health, no family life, no opportunity programs who sell part of their dose and object to the use of the word "slave." to broaden their lives or find recreation, a with unscrupulous doctors and clinics that There are those who will say, "They do sense of loss of personal freedom. give the drug out to virtually anyone. not have to work. They can quit if they do Nor do they see excessive overtime as worth Q. Why is there disagreement over metha­ not like it." it for the company, either. Both quantity and done? quality of production tend to suffer right A. The debate over methadone's effective­ Well, Mr. Speaker, I am sorry, but I think slavery is quite an appropriate along with the overworked machines and the Hess has been continuing at a high-pitched bone-weary workers. Safety suffers; morale emotional level since the treatment was term to use in this situation. When you sags; tensions build up and sometimes ex­ first devised in 1964. Some people object tell someone with a family to support plode. to giving an addictive drug in place of an­ that he has to work 80 hours this week The big paychecks are welcome, but many other addictive drug. Others oppose the very or none at all, that is not really giving workers feel they don't wind up much ahead concept of thousands of addicts, most of him any choice at all. of the game. High income taxes eat up much them black and Puerto Rican, having to come I could go on at length about this sit­ of the overtime pay. to the state for a daily "fix." There's Jimmy Chambers of Local 110, a Studies h.ave shown that about 80 per uation, but I think it would be of more stock chaser with a $4.48 base rate and nearly cent of the addicts who start methadone benefit for our colleagues to read an arti­ nine years at the Chrysler Truck Assembly treatment stay with it. About 40 per cent cle which appears in the June issue of plant at Fenton, Mo. He has been on a regu­ of the patients in the city's own methadone UA W Solidarity, the official publication lar 10-hour day, and also works most Satur­ programs hold jobs-the rest are on welfare. of the United Automobile Workers. days and quite a few Sundays. For those in the program more than two This article, written by Si Alpert and He blames the excessive overtime for the years the employment figure climbs to 50 Sherwood Kerker, quotes workers in the breakup of his marriage. "My wife would have per cent. Many defenders of methadone plans for Saturday, but I'd have to work. cl.aim the employment figure would be high­ plants as saying, "We want to be asked, The arguments started coming all the time er still were it not for a general lack of not to be told." It tells of workers who and the friction kept growing, until finally jobs for minority group members and em­ are not allowed to attend religious serv­ we broke up. ployers' fears of hiring ex-addicts. ices because their supervisors order them "One of these days, I'm going to sit down Few reliable statistics are available for to work 7 days per week, including and see how much more I'm ahead finan­ the success or failure of therapeutic com­ such days as Good Friday and Easter cially because of the overtime. Believe me, it munities which usually employ encounter Sunday. I urge every Member of this won't be much ... and look what it's cost groups, peer pressure .and other psychologi­ body to read this account of slavery in me," he adds reflectively. cal techniques to direct the ex-addicts away Older workers say they find excessive over­ from the drug culture. America: time a threat to their health. AUTO WORKERS DEMAND END TO COMPULSORY The constant 10- or 12-hour days, plus OVERTIME Saturdays and Sundays, at Ford's Van Dyke (By Si Alpert and Sherwood Kerker) plant near Utica, Mich., pushed one 35-year DETROIT-HEADQUARTERS FOR Talk to auto workers about compulsory UAW veteran into retirement a year or two overtime, and you will hear comments like before he had planned to do so. HISTORY'S LARGEST SLAVEMAS­ these: "I would have done all right on a 40-hour • TERS "I guess my marriage went on the rocks week," says C. W. Mantyla of Local 228, a because my wife finally got fed up with me floor inspector for more than 25 years. "But being at work all the time." (A St. Louis the extra hours were really hurting me, and HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Chrysler worker.) I decided I'd better get out while I could." OF CALIFORNIA "I've got six children at home. Working· His legs were cramping up and giving out on him, and he found himself exhausted IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 10 hours a day, six days, I'm tired all the time .... I feel guilty because I can't go every night and still tired when the next Tuesday, June 5, 1973 anywhere with the kids" (A General Motors work day started at 4 a .m. The weekend work woman worker in Flint, Mich.) gave him no days off to rest up. Recreation, Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak­ "I retired early because of the overtime. or even needed chores around the house, er, I suspect that many people would be My legs were giving out on me; I was com­ were out of the question. surprised to learn that slavery still exists ing home exhausted every night." (A retired The pressure from management for more in the United States of America. And this Ford worker, 62, in Sterling Heights, Mich.) production never let up. "I tried to keep slavery is run, not out of Alabama, or "My main worry is my two boys, 10 and going," he explains, apologetically. "But I Mississippi, or Georgia-not out of any 12. I missed their childhood because of over­ couldn't. It got away from me." part of the South, in fact, but out of time." (A Chrysler worker on 10 hours, seven He retired in April at age 62. Now, he days.) remarks gleefully, he is "back in great shape Michigan, one of our northernmost "The foremen are just lazy. They could and having a ball.'' He has renewed old States. How can this go on, you might get all the people they need to work overtime friendships, joined his wife in social and ask, in a free country? Was not slavery voluntarily, just by asking more people. It's community activities and feels "more like declared illegal over 100 years ago? Well, easier for them to point to workers, like they living.'' He's catching up on a big backlog of it was, of course. But the big three-GM, do now, and say 'you gotta work, or else.'" home maintenance chores, too. Ford, and Chrysler-have found that if (President of a Ford local in Ohio.) Older workers say they are taking a beating 18226 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1.973 at Ford's Sharonv11le and Fairfax transmis­ took it anyway, and received a written repri­ working hours, but the company insisted on sion plants just outside Cincinnati, Ohio, mand. Yet he has been quite responsible overtime work during the hours she was where many departments have been working about overtime, he feels-he's taken off just needed at home, and penalized her when she seven days a week for the past two years six days in six months. refused. without letup. Some fear for their lives. Clarence Harge, tubing welder, has been "It's what we need that counts, not what "We've had 50 deaths this year, while the working from 3 a.m. to 3 p .m. daily, plus you need," the supervisors told her. The men were working heavy overtime," reports Saturdays and Sundays, since last summer. local was able to reduce the penalty to six Local 863 President Tracy Ingram. One man A family man, he was disturbed because he months' probation, reports Pres. Erwin Kirk­ had worked 40 days straight, 12 hours a day. was forced to work Good Friday and Easter wood. "I've been in the personnel office when the Sunday. He adds morosely, "I'll be lucky if The mother, meanwhile, died and the widows would be signing up for insurance I get the Fourth of July off." member h.as since willingly worked all the benefits, and they were telling the personnel Carl Wino, a heat treater on seven days, overtime scheduled. people straight out, 'You people killed my has always been active in his church. Being Barbara Krausch, an assembler in trim at husband.'" unable to go to church Sundays worries him. the Chrysler Truck Assembly plant has been Ingram has complied a list of 100 job "I want my children to have what I've had on a 10-hour day since last September. classifications at the Sharonville plant which through religion," he pleads, indicating his The overtime gives her problems in the have worked scheduled overtime during the youngest child, Carla, 3. relationshLps which make up her life--as .a 2¥2 years of the current Ford contract. The shop committee, headed by Chairman wife, mother, and daughter. The overtime hours go up to 4,384 for auto­ Len Vizziccero, has generally been able to She has trouble finding time for not only mation equipment workers. This figures out keep supervision from carrying out its daily the normal shopping, housecleaning and to 146 overtime hours a month on the aver­ threats, but it's a constant battle, reports other ohores of the housewife, but also for age, or about 34 a week-in addition to the Local 228 President William Oshinsky. doing necessary things for her 69-year-old normal 40 hours weekly--over the past 30 Discipline also is a regular threat for work­ mother, who lives in another town. months. ers who participate in car pools or otherwise The generally hardnosed .attitude of man­ These statistics point up the struggle for have transportation problems. agement toward the personal needs of em­ survival for older workers. Ralph Teague, a chassis repair relief man ployes has aroused the deep resentment of "My wife tells me I'm not going to make with 23 years at the Chrysler Truck Assembly workers. "They treat machines better than it to retirement," says Kenneth Bracken, a plant in Fenton, lives 88 miles from the they do us," is a universal complaint. pipefitter at Fairfax. "That's true of a lot of plant. He is utterly dependent on his car Workers fall to see the necessity for com­ us," adds maintenance man Esker Hatter pool. pulsory overtime. It's a short-sighted policy, ominously. Both have health problems. Hat­ Once, when the pool driver was let off they feel. ter's doctor has advised him to get out of work an hour before Teague was scheduled For one thing, they see working condi­ the plant for a whlle. to, Teague walked out with the others in tions becoming worse in the shops. Anything the pool. "I explained I couldn't find another th.at isn't essential to continued high-speed "He thinks that the time out would do ride home, but the foreman just said, 'that's production gets neglected, they say. my hearing problem as much good as the your tough luck,'" he told Solidarity. FOr another thing, production inevitably medicine," Hatter reports. Women workers required to put in a. lot slows down. And quality inevitably suffers, Says William Hoffman, alternate shop com­ of overtime daily and on weekends have the too. mitteeman at Fairfax, "I collapsed at work additional problem of caring for their young­ "Most workers want to take some pride in with a heart attack and wound up in the er children and keeping house. They just what they do," explains Edith Casteno, sec­ hospital because of the 7-day schedule." never seem to catch up, they say. . ond shift inspector at GM's AC plant. "But," Clyde Pitts of Sharonville adds that he Pauline Mangone of Local 400 has six adds Alberta Pelletier, long-time union stew­ is now under doctor's care for severe head­ years' seniority as a utmty worker at the ard in g.as gauge assembly, "the company aches caused, the doctor said by too many Ford plant in Utica, Mich. She has been claims quality but wants quantity. When overtime hours. The diagnosis got Pitts' work­ working overtime steadily for the past two they need parts, quantity comes first.'' week cut back temporarily to 40 hours but, he years. and currently works from 3 p.m. to Workers have an answer to the problem of says hopelessly, "after July 10 I'll have to go 3:30 a .m. weekdays and 11 hours on Satur­ overtime. Make it voluntary, they say. back on the seven days again." days, plus many 8-hour Sundays. "They won't have any trouble finding peo­ Only a detailed medical report wm save a She's able to "get by" the housework chores ple to work overtime," says Blll Hoffman, worker from discipline if he takes any time only because everyone in the family helps FOrd Fairfax alternate committeeman. off from jobs where the pressure for pro­ out-her husband, a. Michigan Bell Tele­ "If a guy wants overtime, let him have all duction is heaviest, they reported. phone worker, and their four children, in­ he wants," adds Clyde Sexton, oller at Fair­ "I have been told many times that I must cluding the youngest, a 10-year-old boy. But fax. "But why should I have it if I don't work the weekend or else get disciplinary she only sees her family on the Sundays w.ant it?" action," Hoffman notes. "Almost all of the when she's not at work. Most of the workers say they probably production people say this happens.'' Many women workers at General Motors' wlll work the overtime asked of them. But "I got a doctor's excuse, so the foreman AC Spark Plug plant in Flint, Mich., mem­ the point, they want to be asked, not to be said he wouldn't do anything to me this bers of Local 651, don't even have that much told. time," Don Bennett reports wryly after tak­ help. "Overtime should be up to the employe, ing a day off his 12-hour, 6-day workweek Geri Ryan, a panels inspector with five not the company," protests Robert Cox, spray at the Sharonville plant. "He gave me the years' seniority, has six young children to painter at the Chrysler Truck Assembly distinct impression tha'b I had better not care for. Working 10 hours a day, six days plant. do it again." a week, she finds herself getting panicky and The auto firms can help their workers, There was no "second chance" for Dan desperate at times, wondering "how I am their country and even themselves by mak­ Forrest, a jitney repairman at the Chrysler ever going to make it?" ing overtime voluntary, these workers say. Truck Assembly plant outside St. Louis. She's "dead" by 6 p.m. "I have to miss Hoffman sums it up for the others: "I think During his seven years there he has re­ most of the kids' activities, and then I feel that voluntary overtime would be the best ceived ~ust one mark on his record-for guilty about it. I practically go to bed before thing the union can get us.'' • refusing overtime. they do." The UAW has been seeking for years to "They told me I had to take two more Nor can her husband be of much help. remove the compulsion from overtime pro­ hours because three men were out," he re­ He's working even more overtime than she visions. Demands for voluntary overtime members. "I had already put in my sched­ is-double shifts, frequeDJtly-in the ship­ have been on the auto bargaining tables in uled 10 hours and I was dragging. I told them ping department of the same plant. nearly every set of negotiations. But the 'no' and the next day they wrote me up.'' The problems of Dorene D'Algie, panels Big Three have always been adamant in Local 110 had the reprimand taken off h is and gauges assembler, are complicated by a. their rejection of voluntary overtime, even record. severe case of anemia. The foreman still though it is now in effect in many plants He had taken the time off for a family asks her to work two hours' overtime daily, in agricultural implement, aerospace and activity. :its main concern, he says, are his but her medical excuse allows her to work parts .and supplier industries, and in Amer­ two sons, 10 and 12. "I missed their child­ only eight, and she's glad of it. "Forty hours ican Motors Corp. hood because of overtime," he adds som­ is all I can take," she says. Workers now feel urgently that its time berly. "I would hate to miss their teenage Supervision is getting tougher about ex­ has come. Delegates to the Special Collec­ years, too." cusing overtime on medical grounds, how­ tive Bargaining Convention in Detroit last Discipline concerning overtime has been ever, reports longtime Local 651 Recording March gave it high priority in their bar­ hot and heavy in some areas of the Ford Secretary Genevieve Nestor. And even com­ gaining program, noting: plant in Sterling Heights, Mich., where mem­ pelling personal reasons for refusing over­ "It is not that workers won't work over­ bers of Local 228 build rear drives. time do not move pressure-ridden foremen time, it is th.at they resent being compelled Tom Stackpoole, in the side gears produc­ off their tough stances. to do so . . . The worker in effect commits tion, has been working overtime for the past She tells the story of a woman worker himself to work a normal workday and a. 2% years, frequently on 12-hour days. Last whose mother was dying of cancer. The Local normal workweek. He does not commit his year, supervision refused to give him Me­ 651 member had made arrangements for life." morial Day off for a big family reunion; he nursing care at home during her regular Mr. Speaker, in connection with the June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18227 auto workers' plea for voluntary over­ firemen in the routine and everyday per­ vived by his widow, Suzanne, and three chil­ time, I would also like to include at this formance of their duties are no less dren, James 16, Karen 7, and Marta 5. praiseworthy than those performed by Lieutenant William H. Jessie-on Decem­ point a brief item which appeared along ber 30, 1964, Lt. Jessie of the Montgomery with the article I have just inserted in the soldier on the battlefield, and this County Police Department was fatally in­ the RECORD. This item tells of the re­ kind of national and public recognition jured when his cruiser spun out of control sults which the American Motors Corp. is long overdue. and overturned during a chase of a stolen has obtained in one of its plants under These men and women risk their lives car, He is survived by his widow, Doris, and the voluntary overtime system: every day in order to protect all of us a daughter, Diane 21. IT WORKS FINE AT AMC! and our families and our homes and our 1965 The Big 3 auto makers contend voluntary businesses. We need to express these Captain Roger Welker-On February 21, overtime won't work. But the actual expe­ feelings-often and loud-not only so 1965, Capt. Welker of the Alexandria Fire rience of one auto xnanufacturer proves that these brave and wonderful people Department died of a heart attack while on otherwise. will know how we feel, but to drown out a ladder fighting a fire. He is survived by his "Voluntary overtime is working fine at the misguided, insensitive people who widow, Louise, and two children, Donna 5 American Motors," says Glen Harris, assist­ and Betty Jean 23. ant director of UAW's American Motors seem bent on destroying everything in Private Charles M. Chamberlain-on Dept., and a longtime Local 72 member at this Nation of any decency or value, in­ March 1, 1965, Pvt. Chamberlain, an aide to the Kenosha, Wis., plant of AMC. cluding the morale and effectiveness of the Chief of the Metropolitan Fire Depart­ "We're working six days a week at the our police and firemen. ment, died of a heart attack while entering Kenosha and Milwaukee plants. Some de­ Mr. Speaker, on May 25, I had the the Uptown Restaurant on a fire call. He is partments are working seven days. One de­ honor of speaking before Heroes, Inc., survived by his widow, Fannie, and two chil­ partment worked the Christmas-New Year's an organization which is doing a great dren, Charles M. and Mrs. Dee Ann Wolf. week-all on voluntary overtime. Both children are married. "In fact, AMC hasn't missed a single shift deal to show our men in blue that we Lieutenant Eugene B. Davis-on April 29, because of voluntary overtime,'• he notes. appreciate them. Financial assistance to 1965, Lt. Davis of the Metropolitan Fire De­ AMC workers won voluntary overtime in a bereaved family can in no way com­ partment died of a heart attack while in­ their contracts following a strike in 1969. pensate for losing the courageous man vestigating a fire he had helped to extinguish The provision reads simply: ". . . Individ­ who made the ultimate sacrifice for his earlier. He is survived by his widow, Gene­ ual employees have the right for personal neighbors. But it can be a very real and vieve, and two children, Eugene 22 and Janet reasons to decline overtime." practical help during a tragically diffi­ 17. Only a relatively small number of workers cult time. The knowledge that this kind Private Michael Petrella-On September 25, ever take advantage of this provision, Harris 1965, Pvt. Petrella of the U.S. Park Police died estimates; the others work the overtime of help will be forthcoming can lift part of fatal injuries received when his motor­ whenever it's scheduled. of the burden from our hard-pressed po­ cycle skidded into a car on Memorial Bridge "It's mostly that we want to be asked, lice and firemen while they are carrying during a rain storm. He is survived by his rather than be told," says Bob Bilger, main­ out their duties. It can also express, in widow, Patricia, and two sons, Dennis ·4 and tenance man in the Kenosha plant and a some small way, our enormous feeling Ronald 3. bargaining committeeman for Local 72. of gratitude for their service. Private Marcus Willis-on December 27, It takes supervision only a little more 1965, Pvt. Willis of the Metropolitan Police time and effort to pick up an overtime crew I would like to take this opportunity Department was accidentally and fatally now than it did when overtime was compul­ to express my sincere appreciation to wounded by another policeman while they sory, Bilger reports. the professional and business men and were attempting to make an arrest. He is Mr. Speaker, I wish to emphasize that women who make up Heroes, Inc. for survived by his widow Patricia, and a son, this situation exists. not because the Big their concern and dedication to insuring Marcus 2 months. Three find compulsory overtime essen­ that the courageous acts performed by 1966 tial to their operations, but rather be­ our police and firemen are recognized Sergeant Joseph K. Brown-on February cause it is easier for them to order peo­ and praised. I pledge my wholehearted 19, 1966, Sgt. Brown of the Prince George's support as a Federal legislator to correct County Police Department was fatally ple to work than it is for them to make wounded while attempting to serve a war­ slight modifications in their systems. these inequities. rant. He is survived by his widow, Mary, and American Motors' experience shows that Mr. Speaker, I wish, at this point, to a. son, Joseph 11. a voluntary overtime system works, but include the names of those men in the Private Marvin L. Stocker-On March 23, the Big Three are comfortable with the Washington metropolitan area who have 1966, Pvt. Stocker of the Metropolitan Police old system, and don't really seem to give given their lives in the line of duty: Department was killed as 100 policemen con­ a damn for the men and women who ROLL OF HONOR verged in a hunt for four robbery suspects FOUNDED JULY 8, 1964 after a $15,000 robbery at Lord and Taylor's work in their factories. Northwest Store. He is survived by his widow, This near-total lack of social consci­ 1964 Dana., and a son, Scott 16 months. ence, Mr. Speaker, is something which Private Martin I. Donovan-on July 8, 1967 concerns me a great deal. I have seen 1964, Pvt. Donovan of the Metropolitan Police Department was killed by a former Private Russell W. Ponton-On May 2, 1967, this same lack of concern demonstrated Pvt. Ponton of the Metropolitan Police De­ by the Big Three in their failure to make Albanian soldier who defected to this coun­ try. His assassin shot him because he did not partment died of injuries received when his honest efforts to conform with the ex­ like his looks. He is survived by his widow, motorcycle collided with an oil truck while haust emission standards which we Betty, and a daughter, Teresa 3. he was answering a "Police in trouble" call. mandateci. for 1975 production automo­ Private Eugene Yoakum-on September He is survived by his widow, Raye, and a son, biles. I will, by the way, have more to 27, 1964, Pvt. Yoakum of the Alexandria Russell2. say about this lack of concern as it re­ Police Department was slain by a man in a Detective Gilbert M. Silvia-On Novem­ senseless drunken rage. He had been called ber 25, 1967, Detective Silvia of the Metro­ lates to exhaust emissions in the near politan Police Department died of gunshot future. to help another policeman in trouble. He is survived by his widow, Elizabeth, and three wounds received on November 23. 1967, while For today, Mr. Speaker, I would like children, Marion 11, Tyrone 7, and Sharon 4. checking a parked automobile for possible to close by urging every Member of this Frederick M. Dunn-On October 2, 1964, theft. He is survived by his widow, Mary, body to join with the UAW in seeking an Frederick M. Dunn, a volunteer fireman of and four children, Dale 8, Mark 6, Catherine the Silver Spring Fire Department was elec­ 4, and Scott 3. end to the use of slave labor in the pro­ 1968 duction of American automobiles. trocuted when his ladder struck a high ten­ sion wire. He is survived by his mother, Fireman Earl Warren Kane-On January Georgianna. 10, 1968, Fireman Kane of the Reston, Vir­ HONORS THOSE WHO PAID Captain Archie B. Hughes-on October 19, ginia Fire Department died while attempting 1964, Capt. Hughes of the Arlington Fire De­ to recover the body of a small child who ULTIMATE S~CRIFICE partment died when he was trapped in an was drowned in Lake Anne. He is survived by attic where he had crawled to determine the his widow, Polly, and a son Earl 5. HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN source of the fire. He is survived by his Private Lawrence L. Dorsey-on February widow, Eldina, and three children, Terry 8, 3, 1968, Pvt. Dorsey of the Metropolitan Po­ OI" MARYLAND Alice 21 months, and Karen 9 months. lice Department died of gunshot wounds IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Private Arthur J. Chorovich-Qn Decem­ received on January 27, 1968, when he at­ tempted to take a gun away from his assassin. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 ber 5, 1964, Pvt. Chorovich of the Arlington County Police Department wa.s fatally in­ He is survived by his widow, Rosetta, and Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, the acts jured when his motorcycle collided with an two children, Eric 3 and Kyle 1. of heroism performed by our police and auto while answering a fire call. He is sur- Private Eugene I. Williams-On February 18228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 5, 1973 26, 1968, Pvt. Williams of the Metropolitan He is survived by his widow, Nina and a 5 death. He was shot while attempting to make Police Department was fatally wounded when year old daughter, Dianna Lynn. an arrest. He is survived by his parents. he stopped a car to investigate a traffic viola­ Robert J. Harmon--on August 10, 1969, William L. Sigmon--on May 25, 1971, Wil­ tion. He is survived by his widow, Florence, Pvt. Robert J. Harmon, of the Chillum liam L. Sigmon of the District of Columbia and two chlidren, Everett 4 and Eugene 6. Adelphi Volunteer Fire Department was Police Department was shot during a hold up Private J. W. Leatherbury-On March 2'1, drowned in Sligo Creek while attempting to at a Savings and Loan Bank. He is survived 1963, Pvt. Leatherbury of the Prince Georges rescue Mr. and Mrs. Ronald S. Knowles and by his wife, Silvia and two children, Carol 10 County Police died in a hellcopter crash a child from a bridge at Sligo Creek Parkway andTommy9. while he was checking a report of a bank in a fiash flood during a heavy rain storm. 1972 door being open. He is survived by his widow, He was unmarried and is survived by his im­ Raymond L. Hawkins-February 25-U.S. Alice. There were no children. mediate family in Ohio. Park Policeman, 28, died from injuries re­ Fireman Richard B. Thomas-On April 19, Detective Allan L. Nairn--on November 30, ceived during a December robbery. Survived 1968, Fireman Thomas of the Bethesda Fire 1969, Det. Allan L. Nairn died of injuries re­ by father. Department and a volunteer of the Sandy ceived on November 29, 1969, when his patrol Donald A. Robertson-March 9-Mont­ Springs Fire Department died of injuries car was struck by a speeding stolen car. Det. gomery County Policeman, 35, slain by rob­ sustained when his jeep failed to make a Nairn of the Metropolitan Pollee Department bery suspect hiding in auto trunk. Survived tum while on his way to answer a fire call. is survived by his widow. There are no by wife, son and two daughters. He is survived by his widow, Ruth, and three children. Charles R. Hojman-August 6-Prince children, Kelly 4, Gail 2, and Kathleen 6 1970 George's Oounty Volunteer Fireman, 23, months., who was born in July after the Earl C. Kite-On January 7, 1970, Earl C. killed by falling tree while responding to fire death of Fireman Thomas. Kite, a fireman of the District of Columbia in Chillum, Adelphi. Survived by mother. Private Stephen A. Williams-On July 2, Fire Department, Engine Company # 13 died Dana E. Harwood--September 25-Harbor 1968, Pvt. Williams died of gunshot wounds of a heart attack while shoveling snow at the Patrolman, 24, drowned in Potomac while received while attempting to arrest a rob­ entrances of the Fire House. He is survived searching for a missing person. Survived by bery suspect. He is survived by his mother, by his wife, Barbara and a son, Jeffry, 10. mother. Mrs. Donald Egan. Joseph R. Criscuolo--on October 20, 1970, Israel P. Gonzales--october 25-Arlington Private Willie C. Ivery--on November 19, Joseph R. Criscuolo, of the District of Colum­ Policeman, 27, shot by robbers during rou­ 1968, Pvt. Ivery of the Metropolitan Police bia Fire Department died of a heart attack tine check of local bank. Survived by wife. Department was shot and critically wounded after helping to extinguish a fire. He is sur­ Ronnie W. Hassell-December 2-Metro­ by a uniformed policeman who mistook him vived by his wife, Jacqueline and 3 children, politan Policeman, 20, killed on motorbike for a robbery suspect. He is survived by his Kevin 10, Scott 9 and Barry 5. patrol by motorist running through a red widow, Marzee, and an unborn child. David W. Shaw-On October 30, 1970, light. Survived by wife and daughter. Private William R. Clements-On Novem­ David W. Shaw of the Montgomery County George P. Duvall, III-December 11-Prince ber 30, 1968, Pvt. Clements died of gunshot Fire Department, died while attempting to George's County Volunteer Fireman, 19, wounds received when he and Pvt. Yeszerski, rescue a construction worker in an under­ killed in Rescue Squad accident with locomo­ both of the Prince George's Police Depart­ ground meter vault. He is survived by his tive. Survived by parents. ment, went to tow a car away that police wife, Gloria and 2 children, B111y 6 and Rich­ Conrad Lee Birney-December 27-Alex­ had asked the owner to move several times. ard 2. andria Police Detective, 40, slain, by bank He is survived by his widow, Blanche, and a 1971 robber. Survived by wife, son and two daugh­ ters. daughter, Sandra Ann 2. David H. Rose--on February 20, 1971, Private Robert E. Yeszerski-On November David H. Rose of the District of Columbia 1973 30, 1968, Pvt. Yeszerski died of gunshot Police Department, was shot while attempt­ Carrol D . Garrison-February 20-Prince wounds received when he and Pvt. Clements, ing to subdue a kidnap suspect. He is sur­ George's County Policeman, 31, shot while both of the Prince George's Police Depart­ vived by his w!fe, Blanche, who is expecting investigating report of a prowler in Chillum. ment, went to tow a car away that' police a child in August. Survived by wife. had asked the owner to move several times. Maurice T. Turner-On June 26, 1971, He is survived by his widow, Veronica, and Maurice T. Turner of the District of Colum­ two children, Katherine 3 and Marion 2. bia Fire Department was fatally injured when 1969 a wall collapsed during a fire at the Wax FATHER BAKER'S AID TO YOUTH F.B.I. Agent Anthony Palmisano--On Jan­ Museum Center. He is survivad by his wife, EXPANDED INTO AID FOR ALL uary 9, 1969, Agent Palmisano died of gun­ Margaret and one child, Patricia 10. shot wounds received when he attempted to Norman E. Sherriff-On September 24, 1971, arrest an escaped convict who had robbed Norman E. Sherriff, a U.S. Marshal, was slain a bank earlier in the day. He is survived by while escorting a prisoner to a fun~ral. The HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI his widow, Barbara. There were no children. prisoner's brother shot Sherriff. He is sur­ OF NEW YORK F.B.I. Agent Edwin R. WoodritJe-on Jan­ vived by his wife, Erika. There were no chil­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES uary 9, 1969, Agent Woodriffe died of gun­ dren. shot wounds received when he attempted James W. Herbert-On October 23, 1971, Tuesday, June 5, 1973 to arrest an escaped convict who had robbed James W. Herbert of the Clinton Volunteer a bank earlier in the day. He is survived by Fire Department was k11led when a fire en­ Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, the con­ his widow, Ella, and two children, Edward, gine overturned and crushed him. He was tributions of Father Baker are firmly Jr., 6 and Lee Ann 5. unmarried and is survived by his family. etched into the history of the Buffalo, Private William W. Gullett, Jr.-On Feb­ Richard L. Whittington-On October 23, N.Y., area, in particular his dedicated ruary 16, 1969, a Prince Georges County Po­ 1971, Richard L. Whittington of the Clinton work in providing a home and rehabili­ liceman was shot to death while investigating Volunteer Fire Department, was killed when tation for homeless yonth. a complaint on a loud radio. He is survived a fire engine overturned and crushed him. It was known as Lir 1estone Hill when by his mother, father, brother, and twin He was unmarried and is survived by his sisters. father. the late Monsignor N~lson H. Baker­ Officer Michael Cody--on July 14, 1969, Of­ James T. Hall-On October 25, 1971, James who preferred being identified only as ficer Cody of the Metropolitan Police Depart­ T. Hall, a Deputy Sheriff of Montgomery Father Baker-began taking in orphans ment was killed when the patrol wagon he County died of mysterious gunshot wounds and runaways who sought refuge. was driving collided with a car whose driver while on duty at a Country Club. He is sur­ At first, he established a farm where ignored a fiashing red traffic signal at a street vived by his wlfe, Anna and two married the youngsters could till the soil and intersection. He is survived by his widow, children. grow food for the table. Later, he ar­ Judy, who is expecting a child in September. Glen P. Fisher-On March 10, 1971, Glen P. ranged to have them taught other trades. Officer David Hawfield-On July 14, 1969, Fisher of the District of Columbia Police De­ Officer Hawfield of the Metropolitan Police partment was shot during a narcotics raid. His orphanage and youth center mush­ Department was killed when the patrol He is survived by his wife and one child, 18 roomed in what had become known as wagon driven by his partner Officer Cody months old, and she is expecting another Lackawanna. collided with a car whose driver ignored a child. He established other institutions of .fid.shing red traffic signal at a street intersec­ Eldridge M. Pier-On April 1, 1971, Eldridge the Our Lady of Victory family, primar­ tion. He is survived by his mother and father, M. Pier, of the Sandy Springs Volunteer Fire ily aimed at the care and protection of Dr. and Mrs. Clayton Hawfield. Department died of a heart attack when re­ destitute and needy babies and children. Robert J. Hobstetter-On August 10, 1969, turning from a fire. He is survived by his wife, He felt that a general hospital was Pvt. Robert C. Hobstetter, of the Chillum Mildred and two children, Pamela 9 and Adelphi Volunteer Fire Department was Patti7. not consistent with his family of insti­ drowned in Sligo Creek while attempting to Jerard F. Young-On May 21, 1971, Jerard tutions, but suddenly he discovered the rescue Mr. and Mrs. Ronald S. Knowles and a F. Young of the Metropolitan Police Depart­ need overwhelming. child from a bridge at Sligo Creek Parkway ment died of gunshot wounds received on Af first, he constructed a maternity in a fiash fiood during a heavy rain storm. April 29, 1971 and was hospitalized until hospital so the wives of steelworkers June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18229 could have their babies in a hospital in­ many of their employees. This especially minimum wage has upon many others. stead of at home. holds true for the smaller companies. Rather than talk about all the difficul­ A combination of circumstances When the layoffs begin, the first people ties that arise with a new minimum wage changed his mind: illness of the children to find themselves unemployed are, in law, I would like to call to the attention and the unmarried mothers, pressure almost all cases, the ones with the least of my colleagues an article that appeared from the Sisters of St. Joseph and area experience. This, of course, means that in U.S. News & World Report" in their physicians led by Dr. Michael A. Sulli­ teenagers, particularly those who are March 6, 1967 edition. It well states what van, and :finally the flu epidemic of 1919. black, are usually dismissed before any­ actually did happen the last time Con­ Our Lady of Victory Women's and one else. In the forthcoming book, "Em­ gress passed minimum wage legislation. Children's Hospital opened in 1919 with ployment and Unemployment Effects of The article, entitled "New Minimum 90 beds. When the flu epidemic struck, Minimum Wages", by Masanori Hashi­ Wage: Price Rises, Squeeze on Jobs and the hospital responded and overnight be­ moto and Jacob Mincer, it is found that Profits," is well worth reading and re­ came a center for general medical care. minimum wage legislation causes "as flecting upon for it certainly gives a keen Finally recognizing the necessity for a much as an 11.99-percent decrease in the insight as to where and how inflation general care hospital, the name was labor force participation rate of non­ becomes an unwanted reality. changed in 1930 to Our Lady of Victory white teenagers, a 16.04-percent decrease Hospital. Today, it is a 303-bed facility in the employment rate of nonwhite providing care for residents throughout males-20 to 24-and a 10.71 percentage the area. point increase in the unemployment rate BAHAMAS OIL TERMINAL WILL EASE In 1922, a nurses home had been built of nonwhite males-20 to 24." 1 Another SHORTAGE adjacent to the hospital. In 1949, the study shows that for an increase of 10 100-bed Sullivan wing was completed. In percent in the Federal minimum wage, 1960, the Bethlehem-Taylor wing was there would be an increase in the un­ HON. ROBERT McCLORY dedicated, built with generous support employment rate for all teens of 4.09 OF ll.LINOIS from the Bethlehem Steel CorP. and the percent.2 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Moses Taylor family. In order to offset this impact among Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Last June a department of pastoral the younger members of the working care was established to insure religious force, a youth differential is direly Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, a bright attention for patients of all faiths. The needed. H.R. 2831 provides for such a ray of hope for securing increased sup­ department is headed by Rev. Francis N. differential by permitting employment in plies of petroleum for our fuel-hungry Miller, Catholic chaplain, with Rev. Mi­ any wage area at an hourly rate of 80 Nation is revealed in a most illuminating chael Carlson of St. Nicodemus Lutheran percent of the applicable minimum wage article which appeared Thursday in the Church in East Aurora as Protestant or $1.60, whichever is higher, for full­ Copley newspapers. ·Chaplain. Four Sisters of St. Joseph time students and for 16- and 17-year­ This story relating the impending assist. olds who are not full-time students dur­ development of a major new oil terminal The hospital has cooperated closely ing the first 6 months they hold a job. in the Bahamas to handle oil shipments since 1951 with the D'Youville College If we are to pass new minimum wage from the Middle East-comes from Ray School of Nursing, providing nursing ed­ legislation this year, then I think it is McHugh, chief of the Washington ucation training in medicine, surgery, an economic necessity to include a youth Bureau of Copley News Service. obstetrics and pediatrics. During the last differential, for the cost in terms of Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to attach full academic year, 212 D'Youville stu­ lost employment opportunities has been this highly informative article for the dents received supervised clinical prac­ borne most heavily by teenagers. Recent benefit of my colleagues and all other tice. Department of Labor statiSitics reveal Americans who may not have read Ray Since 1968, a somewhat similar ar­ that teenage unemployment for the McHugh's report in the Copley news­ rangement has existed for practical month of April 1973, the latest date for papers. nurse candidates in the Board of Cooper­ which figures are available, reached 15.4 In addition to reproducing the article ative Educational Service program. The percent, as compared to the national un­ here, I wish to compliment Ray McHugh hospital also trains students from Tro­ employment rate of 5 percent. I do not for digging out this vital information­ caire College, Villa Maria College and think it is helpful to our country's econ­ and presenting this optimistic report: State University at Buffalo. omy, or to our Nation's youth, to en­ UNITED STATES, MIDEAST OIL LINK SET IN Our Lady of Victory Hospital is op­ courage higher rates of unemployment. BAHAMAS erated by the Roman Catholic Diocese And yet, without a youth differential, (By Ray McHugh} of Buffalo on a voluntary nonprofit basis. that is precisely what we would be doing. WASHINGTON.-The Bahamas, long known Its operating revenue in 1972 was $7.4 The importance of a youth differential as a Caribbean mecca for sun-bathing Amer­ million, with an excess of revenue over was duly noted by many companies when icans, appear destined to play a major role expenses of only $155,718 for use for cap­ in the fast-changing U.S. energy picture. the National Federation of Independent A major oil terminal to handle shipments ital improvements. Business recently polled a cross­ Plans are underway for a major reno­ from the Middle East and the Persian Gulf section of their 344,000 member firms has been approved by the Bahamanian gov­ vation of the facilities to meet the com­ around the country. All totaled, some ernment, it was learned here. munity's needs. A $10 million plan has 10,000 different companies were ques­ Atlantic Terminal & Tanker Services Co. been submitted for State approval. tioned as to the necessity of a minimum Inc. of Lausanne, Switzerland, plans to begin wage youth differential. Thirty-seven construction July 10, of a crude oil trans­ percent of those responding indicated shipment terminal on Grand Bahama Island. The deep-water terminal will accommodate MINIMUM WAGE that the differential was of great im­ the largest super-tankers now being built-­ portance to them for the continued op­ ships that cannot be handled in compara­ eration of their businesses. tively shallow U.S. ports. Smaller tankers will HON. ROBERT J. HUBER Aside from the effects of minimum shuttle the crude oil to U.S. refineries on the OF MICHIGAN wage on teenagers and youths, I do not East and Gulf Coasts. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES think we should forget the effect a higher A spokesman for Atlantic Terminal says the installation will handle up to 30 million Tuesday, June 5, 1973 1 Hashimoto, Masanori and Mincer, Jacob, tons of oil a year. It is expected to be in Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, those of us "Employment and Unemployment Effects of operation by the fall of 1974. who serve on the Education and Labor Minimum Wages," The NBER Survey of Re­ TOP CONSULTANT Committee are all aware of the devastat­ search into Poverty Labor Markets. National The Swiss firm is headed by V. c. Georgescu, ing effect an increase in minimum wage Bureau of Economic Research. New York. an American and one of the world's best has upon employment. We have heard Forthcoming, 1973. known oil consultants. A major participant 2 Ad1e, Douglas K. and Chapin, Gene L., is Pakhoed Holdings, N.V., of Rotterdam, the many employers testify before us that if a "Teenage Unemployment Effects of Federal Netherlands, the world's largest petroleum higher minimum wage is passed, then, in Minimum Wages," IRRA 23rd. Annual Win­ products, storage and transshipment order to maintain their profits and stay ter Proceedings. Detroit. Decem'ber 29. 1970, company. in business, they will have to lay off pp. 117-27. The proposed storage facilities in the Ba- 18230 EXTENSIO~S OF REMARKS Jun€ 5, 1973 hamas may be only the first of a series of The history and present motivation of understood without having tl> be told what transshipment centers off the East and Gulf the blood drive is described in an editorial the effort was all about. Coasts. In his energy message to Congress For humanity's sake, for the sake of ef­ President Nixon asked the Interior Depart­ that appeared in the Armenian Weekly, fectively promoting the calJSe of Armenian ment to investigate the possib111ty of man­ of Boston, Mass., in their May 31 issue. justice in Rome in the Roman way, the made terminals or islands, and studies are I direct to the attention of the Members blood-drive must become an important regu­ under way for such a fac111ty off Wilming­ this positive commemoration with much lar facet of the Armenian effort during their ton, Del. respect: annual 'winter of discontent'-when the Georgescu estimates that by 1985 the THE BLOOD DRIVE Armenian people, at horn.e and abroad, pause United States wlll require more than 740 The impressive response of the Armenian to remember those Armenians who perished million tons of oil a year from foreign American community to the Armenian Na­ in the cause of all humanity. sources. tional Committee's Martyrs' Week Blood­ SOURCES LISTED Drive is another indication of the growing About 175 m111ion tons are expected to be maturity of that community. STAR-TRIBUNE HONORED supplied from Canada and Venezuela, he says, It is another example of how the com­ leaving a balance of some 550 m111ion tons paratively new Armenian context of the which must come from the Eastern Hemi­ American citizenry has emerged from that HON. ROBERT P. HANRAHAN sphere-mostly from the Persian Gulf region. period of parochialism which, through lan­ OF ILLINOIS About 50-100 m111ion tons may be available guage and cultural factors, early imposes it­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES from North and West Africa, by his estimate. self on a new American immigrant group. Georgescu also predicts increasing U.S. and While retaining its usually marked devo­ Tuesday, June 5, 1973 Japanese interest in liquefied natural gas ~ion to its heritage and its traditions, the Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, in the from the Persian Gulf, principally from Iran. Armenian American community, now with "In my opinion Japan w111 probably be im­ over a half-century of experience with past month, one of the major newspaper porting over 15 m111ion tons of LNG from the America, is on that highroad which leads to groups in the third Congressional Dis­ Middle East by 1985," he said. the perpetuation of the Armenian identity in trict has received both national and In the same period, he predicts, Japanese America-a journey being successfully es­ State honors. The Star-Tribune news­ oil imports will soar to 700 m111ion tons a sayed precisely because the Armenians have papers have been awarded honors for year, 500 million tons over 1971 figures. "The diminuated not at all their zeal for their their achievement in advertising, pho­ competition for oil could become fierce," he Armenian institutions and aspirations, have tography and sportswriting. said. found-as every other successful emigre Western Europe's consumption by 1985, he group has discovered-that the preservation The energies of the staff, both individ­ said, wlll reach 750 m111ion tons. The Euro­ of their ethnic virtues and causes is best ually and as a whole, have been demon­ pean Common Market countries consumed achieved in this n-ation of nations by acting strated in the fine quality of the report­ 335 m111ion tons of oil in 1970. as Romans in Rome. ing done by the Star-Tribune papers U.S. imports of LNG, he said, will be in­ The recP-nt blood-drive was a particularly throughout the entire area. fluenced by federal price policies and the 'American' way of doing things. And yet, it I would like to take this opportunity availab111ty of new-design LNG ships. The was too uniquely Armenian. United States recently negotiated a $1.7 bil­ to recognize this exceptional group of lion deal with Algeria to import between 1 It is the American way to be generous to journalists and add my congratulations billion and 2 billion cubic feet of Algerian a perhaps unrelated worthy cause as a sym­ for a job well done. gas a day over the next 25 years. bol of appreciation for the good deeds done The following account describes the The Algerian agreement involves Export­ them through the traditions of the American awards the Star-Tribune has received: Import Bank loans totaling $556 million. Vir­ system. Similarly, the donation of blood by Armenian Americans was again a demonstra­ STAR-TRIBUNES HONORED tually all of the imported gas is earmarked The 10 Star-Tribune newspapers in the for the northeastern United States. tion of how the grateful Armenian nation re­ wards the benefactions it has received. In a past month have received national and state SEEK COMMON POLICY word, the blood-drive bespoke the great par­ honors in three distinct areas of achieve­ The developing world-wide oil shortage has allel traditions of Americans and Armenians. ment-advertising, photography, and sports prompted industrial nations to seek a com­ The American Red Cross, which of course writing. mon price policy toward the supplier nations. is a Presidentially-chartered semi-official George Perry, advertising director of the U.S. and Japanese officials are discussing agency of the American nation, was one of 10 newspapers took a first place award in the strategy with the European Economic Com­ the many American offices which, in the Suburban Newspapers of America 1973 Ad munity, but France is objecting to Joint World War I era, responded to the crying and Promotion contest. negotiations. needs of the stricken Armenian nation. The three Star-Tribune newspapers of Japan, meanwhile, is reported seeking in­ Working closely with other American agen­ Tinley Park, Orland Park, and Oak Forest dependent agreements with Saudi Arabia, cies, notably the Near East Relief, the Hoover took nine awards in the lllinois Press Photog­ Iran and Indonesia. Commission and the Haskell Mission, the ARC raphers association yearly competition. President Nixon is expected to discuss the took to Armenia its angels of mercy, caring John E. Meyers, sports editor of the four oil price situation with French President for tho,sands of orphaned Armenian chil­ Star newspapers out of Chicago Heights, has Georges Pompidou when the two meet ln dren, providing food and housing for added been named a charter member of the new Iceland on May 31. Mr. Nixon also is expected thousands of Armenian refugee famil1es, and "Hall of Fame" established by the Illinois to discuss possible U.S.-Soviet development medicating the ms suffered by countless Basketball Coaches association. Meyers was of Siberian natural gas fields with Soviet others. The Armenial". effort of the American one of a select group of media representa­ chairman Leonid Brezhnev when the two Red Cross is acknowledged by that great tives who were honored by the IBCA. leaders meet here June 18 to 26. organization to be one of the brightest pages Perry won his award for an ad he created of its history. for the First National Bank in Harvey. Com­ petition included major suburban newspapers Now, some half-century .after the Red from the United States and Canada. Judges• ARMENIAN-AMERICAN BLOOD Cross gave of its resources to assist the DRIVE comments carried such tributes as: "First­ Armenians in their moment of greatest need, rate photography, copy interspersed with be­ the Armenians in turn have signified tlieir lievable humor in one instance, another with admiration and gratitude to the American memorable headline. Also good use of two­ HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI Red Cross by giving to that agency the most OF ILLINOIS color and dominant use of full pages." vital resource they possess-their life-blood­ The ad was entered in the "Best Local IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES the same blood which had been so profligately Display Advertising" category. Tuesday, June 5, 1973 wasted and let by the Turks in 1915-1918. The Tinley Park, Orland Park, Oak Forest And, of course, today blood is that substance Star-Tribunes took their nine photo awards Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the most dearly needed by the Red Cross in the in head-to-head competition with the state's Armenian-American community recently prosecution of its humane work domestically major dailies. commemorated the anniversary of the and abroad-blood to sustain American and Rich Faverty and Rick Friedman shared the atrocities that the Armenian people suf­ other lives, blood to return well-being to the first place award for the best looking news­ unwell, precious, unmanufacturable, indeed paper photographically in the state. The fered in the hands of the Turks in 1915. unpurchaseable, blood, the nectar of life They did this in a most positive and im­ photo editing award was based on 10 picture and of health. and Lifestyle pages taken from the Star­ prer.sive fashion. The Armenian blood-drive effectively and Tribunes over the past year. Instead of demonstrations or politi­ purposefully drove home the message of Faverty also took a third place award in cal harangues, the Armenian-American Armenian Martyrs' Week among the general humor; a third place award in personality; community promoted a blood drive in public. It was a 'propaganda' unprinted and and honorable mentions in sports, woman's conjunction with the American Red perhaps unsaid, but it was a promulgation, world and feature. Cross. by its very nature, which Americans readily Susan Greenwood took a second place in June 5, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18231 feature and honorable mentions in pioture on the :floor of the House in the near 1013 and H.R. 6093 asks that standards be feature story and woman's world. future. developed for school buses. Included among Ovie Carter of the Chicago Tribune, win­ My statement to the committee is as the proposed standards are improved emer­ ner of first place awards in three categories, follows: gency exits, floor strengths, bodies and was named photographer of the year for th~ frames, windows, windshields, fueJ. systems second straight year. TESTIMONY BY REPRESENTATIVE RoE and seating systems to include the manda­ Meyers, whose column has been a fixture Mr. Chairman, the total number of motor tory installation of seat belts and the devel­ .on the Star sports pages for more than a vehicle fatalities in the United States has opment of seat backs of sufficient height and quarter of a century, was one of 28 members been rapidly rising since the early 1940's, design to prevent injury to passengers. of the press singled out for IBCA honors, and in recent years has been running above The necessity for the introduction and en­ which also included coaches, players, and of­ 50,000 a year. Motor vehicle accidents are actment of this legislation stems from anum­ ficials who played major roles in the history disabling approximately 2 million people ber of factors. Basically, these factors in­ of Illinois basketball. and the total "societal ooot" has been esti­ volve the justification for legislative steps in Meyers was the only sportswriter from the mated at $45 billion a year. formulating school bus safety standards and immediate area honored by the IBCA. This ugly trend began ilts most alarming highway safety standards in general. increase during the early 1960's. In 1962 and In September 1971, the National Highway 1963 and again in 1964, the fatalilty rate Traffic Safety Administration stated: !'The edged upward, partly as a result of a large daily safety of children depends, in large SCHOOLBUS SAFETY-A MUS~ FOR increase in the number of drivers on the . measure, upon the reaction of the motoring THE CHILDREN OF AMERICA roads. In early 1965, Senate hearings on au­ public to school vehicles." Mr. Chairman, I tomobile safety got underway, and toward would have no argument with the N.H.T.S.A. the end of that year Ralph Nader published statement provided the reaction of the motor­ HON. ROBERT A. ROE "Unsaf·e at any Speed." The following year ing public to school vehicles were consist­ Congress enacted the legisLation creating ently safety minded. But both experience OF NEW JERSEY the National Highway Safety Bureau (now and tragic school bus accidents suggest the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the National Highway Traffic Safety Admin­ reaction of the public to school buses is not Tuesday, June 5, 1973 istration) and authorizing it to formulate always safety minded, nor do all school bus and issue mand·atory safety standards for the cart;astrophes occur as the result of a poor Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, the time is au tomooile industry. reaction by another driver. Clearly, without long overdue for the Federal Govern­ Remarkable results, demonstrated by the appropriate safety standards that would af­ ment to take positive affirmative action decline in the number of fatalit.ies meas­ ford every passenger of a school bus the max­ in achieving optimum safety for the ured against vehicle miles driven (about 4.7 imum degree of protection in the event of fatalities per 100 million vehicle miles in an accident, we, in effect, leave the safety of transportation of our Nation's school­ 1971 as comp·ared to 18.2 in the middle 1920's) our children to the eccentricities and uncer­ children. As the National Highway attes,ted to the faot thBit Congress was on tainty of luck. But in view of the absence of Safety Administration diligently pursues the right track in insisting that vehicles departmental and agency action in formu­ the formulation and issuance of manda­ be made safer. But coincident with this par­ lating safety standards for school buses, tory safety standards for the automobile ticular statistical decline during the late coupled with a statement that reflects industry as charged to them by the 1966 1960's more disturbing statistics were neither a comprehensive or total approach law which established this administra­ emerging that indicated the increase in the to insuring the safety of school bus passen­ tive arm of our executive department, number of highways and roads con­ gers under all circumstances, Congressional structed, the increase in the number of leadership becomes essential. the safety standards for schoolbuses con­ drivers on the road and the increase in the It may be of interest to the Members of tinue to fall by the wayside in apparent number of automobiles produced as the the Committee to know that insufficient ag­ neglect-like a voice of desperate need nation moved into the 1970's were taking an gressiveness in the leadership and promotion crying in the wilderness. awesome toll in total annual traffic fatali­ of safety regulations by Departments and A national commitment for schoolbus ties and injuries. agencies having jurisdiction over such mat­ safety is vitally needed now. In the 92d Congress reasoned that any insistence on ters was one of many guiding factors I and Congress and again in the 93d Congress, vehicle safety standards must 0e coupled my colleagues in the House Public Works I joined with many of our colleagues in with a similar insistence that both highways Committee considered when we included and drivers meet as stringent a safety stand­ funds for highway safety programs in the sponsoring schoolbus safety and school­ ard as vehicles if highw.ay fatalities and in­ Federal Aid Highway Act of 1973. bus safety design standards legislation juries were to be brought under controllable Early in 1972, the Comptroller General of which would amend the National Traf­ limits. the United States, the Honorable Elmer fic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966 In effect, Congress oons'idered--.and, in Staats, commented: charging the administration with action fact, is requesting a "total" highway safety "When viewed in light of the deaths and programs to develop standards requiring program-an across-the-board, concerted injuries associated wtih highway hazards, that all schoolbuses be equipped with effort by every Committee of the Congress there is a question as to whether the Depart­ that has jurisdiction over highway safety ment of Transportation has taken all feasible seat belts for each passenger and seat measures, to favorably recommend and leg­ action to implement a high-priority pro­ backs of sufficient height to prevent in­ islate maximum safety standards and guide­ gram to identify and correct hazardous high­ jury to passengers; to authorize design lines within the purview of the.ir jurisdic­ way locations... An opportunity exists to standards for schoolbuses; to require tion. materially improve the Nation's traffic safety that certain standards be established for As the Subcommittee on Commerce and Fi­ record if the Government will provide schoolbuses; and to require the investi­ nance of the Interstate and Foreign Com­ stronger leadership toward program imple­ gation of certain schoolbus accidents. merce Committee begins hearings on School mentation." It was, therefore, most reassuring and bus safety measures, I believe at least two On the basis of this general guidance and facts should be kept in mind. First, against information, I and my colleagues on the heartening to note that the House Sub­ a background of Congressional insistence on Committee actively supported and defended committee on Commerce and Finance, a total highway safety program to include the inclusion of funds for highway safety Committee on Interstate and Foreign safer vehicles, safer roads and safer drivers, programs within the Federal Aid Highway Commerce is moving with dispatch to safety standards for school buses appear to Act. That Act, now in conference committee provide comprehensive schoolbus safety have been ignored and neglected. The seri­ after having passed both the House and legislation for consideration during this ousness of this matter can be measured Senate, includes funds for the elimination session of Congress. against the statistics, as well as the human of highway and road hazards, funds for im­ Mr. Speaker, I was indeed pleased to suffering, which indicate that this nation proved pavement marking projec·ts and pro­ may expect approximately 46,000 school bus grams to research ways to improve driver submit a statement of need in support accidents this year, 150 lives lost and 56,000 attitudes and education. of my schoolbus safety legislation to the associated injuries. Secondly, the insurance To a significant extent, we were reacting committee at the public hearing they of the safety of our nation's children in to Departmental and agency foot-dragging conducted last week to establish essen­ school buses is a significant and essential in matters of crucial importance. tial schoolbus safety measures for the factor of a total highway safety program-it Mr. Chairman, I urge the Committee to protection of the schoolchildren of must not be considered as either independent favorably recommend legislative steps to re­ America. I would like to share my testi­ or separate from a. national program which quire school bus safety standards. In doing strives to insure the safety of individuals so, Congress may continue to assume a posi­ mony with you and our colleagues here and families in private vehicles and on pub­ tion of leadership in areas of highway safety in the Congress and trust that we will lic roads. that Departments and agencies are slow or soon have the opportunity to express the Legislation that I have introduced and reluctant in assuming themselves. In terms majority will of our people through a joined with other Members of the House in of a total highway safety program, school bus vote on schoolbus safet.y legislation here sponsoring in this direction, H.R. 1012, H.R. safety legislation is mandatory. 18232 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ·June 5, 1973 WHAT IS SECURITY? other words, the nation can expect to hear -President in the White House at that time more from the White House, from time to whoever · that President might have been? time, as the two Watergate investigations National security, what does it mean? take their course. Well, it means one thing to a man like Daniel HON. PAUL W. CRONIN From what the President has had to say Ellsberg who stole the Pentagon Papers and OF MASSACHUSETTS about Watergate to date, it's unlikely that quite another to an American President be­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES anything he might say about it in the fu­ cause the latter is responsible for the safety ture wm satisfy the people who are deter­ of this country and Mr. Ellsberg is not, and Tuesday, June 5, 1973 mined to oppose him and belittle him under while we are ready to agree that the dividing Mr. CRONIN. Mr. Speaker, recently any and all circumstances. These people wm line between national security and just plain many editorials in newspapers through­ be satisfied by only one denouement: the cover-up of government blundering can complete demolishment of the President, In sometimes be a fine one, we are not prepared out the country have attacked the Pres­ a sense, it is useless for the President to try to admit that the Ellsbergs of this country ident for citing national security as the to explain Watergate and its details to these are better authorities on the subject than the primary motivation for authorizing wire­ people for they wa~t no reasonable explana­ President of this country. taps and other surveillance devices that tion. They want only one thing: President The Ellsbergs are many and they have sup­ have been said to have led to the Nixon's blood. Nothing less will satisfy them. porters in places of power and influence but Watergate bugging. The following edi­ It is true that there are none so blind as the President has a few, too. We thi~k the torial from the Lowell Sun offers a re­ those who will not see, and none so voracious latter constitute a majority in this country in their appetite today for the destruction today, a majority rooting for the President sponsible and objective explanation of of President Nixon than these blind critics to win the uph111 battle that now confronts national security and the President's re­ who have zeroed in on Watergate. him, a majority that is ready to believe him sponsibility to preserve not only this se­ There are, to be sure, loopholes in Presi­ when he speaks of national and domestic curity but the safety of his countrymen dent Nixon's position. These loopholes lie, security because these people know that the as well. I commend to you the Lowell precisely, in the field of national security as ultimate responsib111ty for this security lies Sun's editorial analysis. I believe that invoked by the President to cover the trail, in the hands of the President and not in the this editoriaT is also an indication that to a degree, of Watergate. The sharpshooters hands of critics who find it easy to stand up this newspaper recognizes that freedom point out, and properly so, that national se­ and rave and rant against him. This majority curity has been used as an excuse to cover knows that the responsibility for what ulti­ of the press just as any other freedom up blunders, excesses and abuses by Presi­ mately happens to this country is not that man may possess carries with it a great dential administrations in the past. 0 Se­ of the Ellsbergs and the commentators who degree of responsibility. curity, what sins have been committed in wm be happy only when they see Nixon's WHAT Is SECURITY? thy name, the critics cry, and they have a blood flow but the responsibility is that of The thrust of President Nixon's latest point, no doubt. To raise the issue of na­ the President who must, in spite of all that statement on Watergate centered on national tional security is an easy out for any Pres­ is said and done to defame him and destroy security. The President maintained that ident when the heat of domestic investiga­ him and roll him in the mud of slander and much of the reason for the Watergate mis­ tion becomes intense-we recognize this and invective, in spite of all the blood, sweat, carriage could be traced to his desire to plug admit that the cloak of national security tears, misery, and treason that swirl around has been too often dragged over the blunders his head, must, in spite of everything and the security leaks that had been occurring in everybody, above all, stand firm and remain high places within the government. Many of of government in days gone by. Nevertheless, who is to stand up now and true to the oath of his office to do his best the supposedly more sophisticated of our at all times in the best interests of this coun­ citizens have already rejected this argument say to the President that his argument of national security in the Watergate affair is try and to defend it even unto death. with scorn and ridicule but we are far from We may, indeed, see the death of a Pres­ sure that most of the country shares their not valid because his information is less accurate on the subject than that of the ident before this thing is over ... but would contempt. the nation be better off because of it !! that The President's st-atement last Tuesday accuser? If we can't believe the President of the United States on matters of national did happen? Yes, the vultures would scream denied (again) that he had prior knowledge with delight but the people would weep with of the Watergate bugging or of "any illegal security, who are we to believe? Are we to say that the newspaper columnists and TV regret. surveillance activities for political purposes" Maybe that's something that President although he had instituted in 1972-long commentators, the boys with the instant analysis, know more about this business of Nixon's more savage critics should keep in before the national presidenti-al campaign mind in the days to come as the truth about began-legal wiretaps which he felt were nec­ national security than the President? Or is Joe the Bartender in your Friendly Corner Watergate is revealed and the guilty are essary to protect the country both from punished. without and within. In the latter case, he wa.s Tavern a better authority on national se­ referring to domestic turbulence such as that curity than the President? we saw at Kent State in Ohio which sym­ President Nixon spoke of the delicate bolized, perhaps, the high point of demorali­ SALT armament talks with the Soviet GENESIS OF LEADERSHIP zation that we witnessed a few years ago, Union as an example of national security much of it revolving around the Vietnam wherein leaks about the m111tary strength war, much of it provoked by youthful radi­ of the United States could have imperiled HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE cals of the Black Panther type, much of it the position of this country in the nego­ inspired and sustained by Communist influ­ tiations; he spoke of the Vietn-m peace OF TEXAS ences and infiltration. negotiations and said only Friday night at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The President went on to say in his state­ the White House reception for the former Tuesday, June 5, 1973 ment that some of the people who had been Vietnam POWs that if tight security had involved in this domestic security effort not been maintained during the course of Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, later turned their special talents to political these negotiations, the POWs would still be the space shuttle represents the corner­ activity associated with the Presidential in Hanoi today. He spoke of the break­ stone of our national space program for campaign. This was done, he said, without through in U.S.-China relations highlighted the next decade. Highly important pro­ his knowledge or approval. He said that his by his Peking visit as another example of the first knowledge of Watergate led him to be­ importance of maintaining security prior to grams are underway both in manned and. lieve that the men in the original security the event. He spoke of the domestic riots automated spacecraft including Skylab effort referred to above were the same men and plots and disturbances of a few years and Viking. Yet as we progress into the who conceived and executed Watergate, and ago as events that the federal government 1970's the need for a low-cost transpor­ his fear at the time was that an investiga­ had to recognize as serious threats to the tation system to space has become clear. tion of Watergate would compromise the le­ internal security of this country, and as An editorial in the April 24, 1973, edition gitimate efforts of the government in the we recall those frightening occurrences, the of the Northern Virginia Sun describes areas of both domestic and international race riots, the peace marches that were any­ well the significance of the space shuttle security ... and so he sought to slow down thing but peaceful, the demonstrations that the Watergate investigation out of fear of often resulted in injuries and deaths, the program to our Nation and the world. compromising the national security effort. inflammatory speeches of the radicals infil-· The editorial follows: The President also said that as more in­ trated by Communists, the whole permis­ GENESIS OF LEADERSHIP formation develops about Watergate through sive bit that saw the American flag in the One of the great plus factors of the U.S. the sessions of the Senate Select Committee mud, the government reviled, its President space program has been the development of now replacing the daily soap operas on tete­ burned in effigy, the call for violent over­ new knowledge and new ,technologies permit­ vision and the parallel investigation of the throw of the government sounded from coast ting us to make and do things never done Justice Department soon to be launched by to coast, the flames of revolution burning before. To meet space age requirements, new Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox under the wherever the Jane Fondas and Eldridge techniques of management and problem solv­ benevolent non-presence of our new U.S. At­ Cleavers and Bobby Seales could ignite them, ing had to be developed that are applicable torney General Elliot Richardson, the Presi­ when we saw all of that, how can we say to almost any human activity. dent will respond to further questions on Wa­ today that there was not a bona fide ques­ A major U.S. company that has been a pio­ tergate to the best of his ability to do so. In tion of domestic security confronting the neer in the development of space technolo- June 6, 1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 18233 gies and hardware, and is developing the portant means of determining the gen­ Canned and frozen foods: (More, less. revolutionary new Space Shuttle, is also a eral feelings of the nearly half-million same amount.) major producer of a wide range of commer­ people I am proud to represent. (These questions provided with yes, no. cial products, including everything from Once again I am mailing the question­ undecided choices.) heavy-duty truck axles to miniature calcu­ 2. Should grain sales to Russia and other lating machines. This company is now in­ naire to every household in my congres­ countries be continued if these sales con­ vesting $10 million to speed the transfer of sional district, almost 161,000 homes. tinue to cause sharp incre·ases in meat prices? aerospace technology to commercial activi­ At this time I enter into the RECORD 3. Do you favor a cutback in the Defense ties. The president of the company has my 1973 congressional questionnaire: budget with the saving·s applied to solving observed of his own firm, "A decade ago we CONGRESSMAN JOSHUA EILBERG WANTS YOUR the problems of the cities? were so engrossed in getting ready for the OPINION 4. Should a portion of the gasoliil!e tax moon it never occurred to us we were simul­ JUNE 1, 1973. money collected and pledged for the High­ taneously preparing men and techniques for DEAR FRIEND: Every year I have been in way Trust Fund be directed to improve puh­ use in industries that, at the time, seemed Congress, I have asked for your help in de­ lic transportation? more remote than the moon itself." ciding how I should vote on the issues facing 5. I have introduced leg1slation to pro­ The Space Shuttle is now the central effort this country. vide Federal funds for up to 35 percent of of the U.S. space program. Its importance to a public school district's annual budget. the nation is, at this point, incalculable. Thomas Jefferson once remarked, "That Do you support this idea? With its capacity to carry 60,000-pound pay­ Government is strongest of which every man 6. I am also sponsoring a proposal to pro­ loads into space, four times as much as we feels himself a part." vide tax Penefits for the parents of students have up till now been capable of lifting, the That is why this questionnaire is so im­ in priVa<;e schools. Do you 'support this plan? Shuttle will be able to transpart and make portant. It lets me know what you are think­ 7. Legislation has been proposed which the space environment available for the use ing so I can do my job, representing you in would prevent the cancellation of Federal of hundreds of scientists, engineers and tech­ Congress, better. grants and other payments to hospitals which nical people, instead of merely a handful of It will only take a few minutes to answer refuse to allow abortions to be performed. highly-trained astronauts. Oil exploration the questions. Your answers will be confi­ Do you approve of this proposal? teams, for example. could explore in two or dential. If you have any additional comments, 8. Do you believe that possession of three weeks the entire surface of the Earth please do not hesitate to add them to the marijuana. for personal use should be a crim­ with the aid of the most advanced sensing questionnaire. inal offense? devices known to man. If you want more than one questionnaire 9. Should pushers of hard drugs who are Most significantly, the Space Shuttle will for your family, please contact my district convicted a second time receive manda.tory carry on the advance of technology which office, 216 First Federal Building, Castor and life sentences? will lead down paths now unknown and un­ Cottman Avenues, Philadelphia, Pennsyl­ vania 19111 (RA 2-1717). 10. a. Are you satisfied with the progress cover benefits now unimagined, but which being made to clean up the environment? will inevitably contribute to the techno­ When the answers are tabulated, I will send the results to every household in the b. Are you prepared to bear some of the logical leadership of the United States. This cost, in form of higher prices and increased will be vital to the military security and district. taxes, of cleaning up the environment? economic well-being of the U.S.-to our With best wishes, 11. Should U.S. funds be used to rebuild grandchildren and upwards of 250 million Sincerely, JOSHUA EILBERG. North Vietnam? other Americans likely to be living here by 12. a. Do you agree with the Administra­ the year 2000. The questionnaire follows: tion's poUcy of continued bombing in South­ (These questions prov.ided with yes, no, east Asia? undecided choices.) 1. a. Do you believe the President's Phase b. If this bombing resul:ts in the ca.pture CONGRESSMAN EILBERG QUERIES III "voluntary control" economic policy is of Americans, should ground troops be sent IDS CONSTITUENTS working? back into Southeast Asia as a means of forc­ b. Would you favor a return to compre­ ing their release? hensive wage and price controls? 13. Should the United States reduce the HON. JOSHUA EILBERG c. If price controls are put iruto effect number of troops stationed in Europe? OF PENNSYLVANIA again, should they include food prices? 14. Now that we have formal diplomatic relations with the Chinese Peoples Republic, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES d. Have the increases in food prices caused a change in the kind or amounts of food you do you believe we should normalize relations Tuesday, June 5, 1973 buy? with Cuba? e. Are you buying more or less: 15. What do you think are the three most Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, each year Meat: (More, less, same amount.) pressing problems facing America to day? since being elected to Congress, I have Poultry: (More, less, same amount.) Please list in order of urgency. conducted a poll of my constituency. Fresh fruits and vegetables: (More, less, 16. What is the one local problem which The survey has become ·a useful and im- same amount.) troubles you the most?

SE ~ NATE-lVednesday, June 6, 1973 The Senate met at 10:45 a.m. and was Christ, our most blessed Lord and THE JOURNAL callec to order by Hon. JAMES B. ALLEN, Savi our. Amen. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask a Senator from the State of Alabama. unanimous consent that the reading of the Journal of the proceedings of Tues­ PRAYER APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI­ day, June 5, 1973, be dispensed with. The Reverend Canon C. Leslie Glenn, DENT PRO TEMPORE The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ subdean of the Washington Cathedral, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. o:ffe:.·ed the following prayer: will please read a communication to the Most gracious God, we humbly beseech Senate from the President pro tempore (Mr. EASTLAND). COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING Thee, as for the people of these United SENATE SESSION States in general, so especially for their The second assistant legislative clerk Senate in Congress assembled; that Thou read the following l~tter: Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask wouldest be pleased to prosper all their U.S. SENATE, unanimous consent that all committees consultations, to the advancement of PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, may be authorized to meet during the Thy glory, the good of Thy church, the Washington, D.C., June 6, 1973. session of the Senate today. safety, honor, and welfare of Thy people; To the Senate: The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ Being temporarily absent from the Senate pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. that all things may be so crdered by on official duties, I appoint Hon. JAMES B. their endeavors, upon ihe best founda­ ALLEN, a Sell!ator from the State of Alabama, tions, that peace and happiness, truth to perform the duties of the Chair during EXECUTIVE SESSION and justice, religion and piety, may be my absence. established among us for all generations. JAMES 0. EASTLAND, Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask These and all other necessaries, for them, President pro tempore. unanimous consent that the Senate go for us, and Thy whole church, we humbly Mr. ALLEN thereupon took the chair into executive session to consider nom­ beg in the name and mediation of Jesus as Acting President pro tempore. inations on the Executive Calendar, be-