Anomie: Concept, Theory, Research Promise
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Collective Action and the Evolution of Social Norm Internalization Sergey Gavriletsa,B,C,1 and Peter J
Collective action and the evolution of social norm internalization Sergey Gavriletsa,b,c,1 and Peter J. Richersond aDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; bDepartment of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; cNational Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; and dDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 Edited by Simon A. Levin, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, and approved May 4, 2017 (received for review March 7, 2017) Human behavior is strongly affected by culturally transmitted processing, and decision making (11) and the costs of monitor- norms and values. Certain norms are internalized (i.e., acting ing, punishments, or conditional rewards that would otherwise be according to a norm becomes an end in itself rather than merely necessary to ensure cooperation (9, 14). Internalization of norms a tool in achieving certain goals or avoiding social sanctions). allows individuals and groups to adjust their utility functions Humans’ capacity to internalize norms likely evolved in our ances- in situations with a rapidly changing environment when genetic tors to simplify solving certain challenges—including social ones. mechanisms would be too slow to react (9). A society’s values are Here we study theoretically the evolutionary origins of the capac- transmitted through the internalization of norms (15), with some ity to internalize norms. In our models, individuals can choose societies being more successful than others due to their norms to participate in collective actions as well as punish free rid- and institutions (16). The presence of both costs and benefits of ers. -
Advanced Sociological Theory SOCI 6305, Section 1
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF WEST GEORGIA Spring 2017 Advanced Sociological Theory SOCI 6305, Section 1 Tuesday, 5:30-8:00 PM, Pafford 306 Dr. Emily McKendry-Smith Office: Pafford 319 Office hours: Mon. 1-2, 3:30-4:30, Tues. 1-5, and Weds. 11-2, 3:30-4:30, or by appointment Email: [email protected] Do NOT email me using CourseDen! “Social theory is a basic survival skill. This may surprise those who believe it to be a special activity of experts of a certain kind. True, there are professional social theorists, usually academics. But this fact does not exclude my belief that social theory is something done necessarily, and often well, by people with no particular professional credential. When it is done well, by whomever, it can be a source of uncommon pleasure.” – Charles Lemert, 1993 Course Information and Goals: This course provides a foundation in the key components of classical and contemporary social theory, as used by academic sociologists. This course is a seminar, not a lecture series. Unlike undergraduate courses, the purpose of this course is not to memorize a set of “facts,” but to develop your critical thinking skills by using them to evaluate theory. Instead, this course will consist of discussions centered on key questions from the readings. This course format requires that you be active participants. If discussion does not emerge spontaneously, I will prompt it by asking questions and pushing for your point of view. (That said, some of these theories can be difficult to understand; I will help you with this and we will work together in class to uncover the readings’ main points). -
Symbolic Interactionism from Theoretical Origin to the Role of Social Interaction and International Integration
British Journal of English Linguistics Vol.7, No.5, pp.18-24, November 2019 Published by ECRTD-UK Print ISSN: 2055-6063(Print), Online ISSN: 2055-6071(Online) SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM FROM THEORETICAL ORIGIN TO THE ROLE OF SOCIAL INTERACTION AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION Nhac Phan Linh1 1 Ph.D, Vietnam Institute of Workers and Trade Unions, [email protected] ABSTRACTS: Weighting scale symbolizes justice. Heart symbolizes love. Pigeons symbolize peace. All these ideas are formed through the common symbolic system of humankind, transcending barriers of language, culture, ethnicity, competence and qualifications. They become tools for the formation of social interactions between individuals, communities, within a country or internationally. KEY WORDS: symbolic interactionism, theoretical origin, social interaction, international integration. INTRODUCTION History of formation and development process of Symbolic Interactionism in the world Symbol is an ancient form of “sign”, considered as a tool of thought in the cognitive process of humanity. Therefore, the theoretical premise of Symbolic interactionism also has an ancient origin, directly linked to the development of human cognitive thinking and value system, both in the East and West. So far, the majors of symbolism such as Semiotics, Icon Anthropology have been recognized as an independent science subject with specific training contents at many major universities in the world such as Columbia, Indiana, MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Stanford, Hawaii in the US, Toronto, McGill, Western Ontario in Canada, Tartu in Estonia, Helsinki in Finland, etc.1 An outstanding feature of the symbolic scientific research is that the interdiciplinary approach has become a mandatory path.2 Therefore, this paper focuses on the theoretical interactionism focusing on three angles (1) Cultural studies, (2) Semiotics associated with Linguistics; and (3) Sociology. -
Symbolic Interactionism Mark V
English Technical Reports and White Papers English 2015 Symbolic Interactionism Mark V. Redmond Iowa State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/engl_reports Part of the Interpersonal and Small Group Communication Commons Recommended Citation Redmond, Mark V., "Symbolic Interactionism" (2015). English Technical Reports and White Papers. 4. http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/engl_reports/4 This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the English at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in English Technical Reports and White Papers by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Symbolic Interactionism Communication Context Interpersonal, Small Group, Cultural. Questions It Addresses in Our Every Day Lives: 1. How our interactions with others affect our sense of self. 2. The importance of symbols/language to society. 3. Where our mind and humanness comes from. Theory in a Nutshell ● We acquire symbols from interactions with society/other people. ● Acquiring symbols allows us to develop a sense of self and a mind (we think by way of symbols). ● Societies exist because people are able to interact with each another through symbols. Visualization of Symbolic Interaction Theory Mind Symbol Self Society “Symbols include words and many objects, and almost all acts around others contain a symbolic element. Words are the most important symbols, making human thinking possible.” Joel M. Charon (2007, p. 58). Introduction and Overview Let’s start with a simple definition of what a symbol is. A symbol is a stimuli that is abstract and arbitrary to which meaning is applied. -
SOC 103: Sociological Theory Tufts University Department of Sociology
SOC 103: Sociological Theory Tufts University Department of Sociology Image courtesy of Owl Turd Comix: http://shencomix.com *Syllabus updated 1-20-2018 When: Mondays & Wednesdays, 3:00-4:15 Where: 312 Anderson Hall Instructor: Assistant Professor Freeden Blume Oeur Grader: Laura Adler, Sociology Ph.D. student, Harvard University Email: [email protected] Phone: 617.627.0554 Office: 118 Eaton Hall Website: http://sites.tufts.edu/freedenblumeoeur/ Office Hours: Drop-in Tuesdays 2-3:30 & Thursdays 10-11:30; and by appointment WELCOME The Greek root of theory is theorein, or “to look at.” Sociological theories are therefore visions, or ways of seeing and interpreting the social world. Some lenses have a wide aperture and seek to explain macro level social developments and historical change. The “searchlight” (to borrow Alfred Whitehead’s term) for other theories could be narrower, but their beams may offer greater clarity for things within their view. All theories have blind spots. This course introduces you to an array of visions on issues of enduring importance for sociology, such as alienation and emancipation, solidarity and integration, domination and violence, epistemology, secularization and rationalization, and social transformation and social reproduction. This course will highlight important 1 theories that have not been part of the sociological “canon,” while also introducing you to more classical theories. Mixed in are a few poignant case studies. We’ll also discuss the (captivating, overlooked, even misguided) origins of modern sociology. I hope you enjoy engaging with sociological theory as much as I do. I think it’s the sweetest thing. We’ll discuss why at the first class. -
Sociological Theories of Deviance: Definitions & Considerations
Sociological Theories of Deviance: Definitions & Considerations NCSS Strands: Individuals, Groups, and Institutions Time, Continuity, and Change Grade level: 9-12 Class periods needed: 1.5- 50 minute periods Purpose, Background, and Context Sociologists seek to understand how and why deviance occurs within a society. They do this by developing theories that explain factors impacting deviance on a wide scale such as social frustrations, socialization, social learning, and the impact of labeling. Four main theories have developed in the last 50 years. Anomie: Deviance is caused by anomie, or the feeling that society’s goals or the means to achieve them are closed to the person Control: Deviance exists because of improper socialization, which results in a lack of self-control for the person Differential association: People learn deviance from associating with others who act in deviant ways Labeling: Deviant behavior depends on who is defining it, and the people in our society who define deviance are usually those in positions of power Students will participate in a “jigsaw” where they will become knowledgeable in one theory and then share their knowledge with the rest of the class. After all theories have been presented, the class will use the theories to explain an historic example of socially deviant behavior: Zoot Suit Riots. Objectives & Student Outcomes Students will: Be able to define the concepts of social norms and deviance 1 Brainstorm behaviors that fit along a continuum from informal to formal deviance Learn four sociological theories of deviance by reading, listening, constructing hypotheticals, and questioning classmates Apply theories of deviance to Zoot Suit Riots that occurred in the 1943 Examine the role of social norms for individuals, groups, and institutions and how they are reinforced to maintain a order within a society; examine disorder/deviance within a society (NCSS Standards, p. -
Equality As a Social Construction
1 Equality as a Social Construction The goal of this book is to conceptualize a “radical” way of studying equality in social life: an interactionist, interpretive approach. The book is not “radical” in the sense of espousing an explicit political position, but because it attempts to go to the “root” of equality, to understand how and why equality and inequality are experienced features of the world. My thesis is that equality is not an independent, objective, or self- evident characteristic but is a socially constructed phenomenon. By (1) synthesizing the theoretical perspectives of Herbert Blumer, Alfred Schutz, Harold Garfinkel, and John Dewey, (2) critically reviewing and analyzing a portion of the literature on equality, and (3) conducting a focused inquiry on the issue of equality, my book challenges conven- tional understandings of equality and attempts to demonstrate the utility of an interactionist approach to the subject. TRADITIONAL AND INTERACTIONIST APPROACHES TO STUDYING EQUALITY Generally, sociological treatment of the concept “equality” has taken four forms. First, sociologists have attempted to conceptualize and opera- tionalize equality in a clear, logical, and rational manner. Such efforts are based on the reasonable belief that the quality of their work on equality depends upon whether the concept is carefully defined and measured. Second, sociologists have attempted to determine whether (or to what degree) equality exists in a situation, and to identify those factors that 1 © 2006 State University of New York Press, Albany 2THE MEANINGS OF MARITAL EQUALITY promote or inhibit equality. The central goal here has been to discover what variables are requisite to equal or unequal states of affairs. -
Orion Mystery Pdf
Orion mystery pdf Continue Robert Bauval is an author, lecturer and researcher of Ancient Egypt, best known for his theory of Orion's correlation. Bauval was born in Alexandria, Egipi. He attended Franciscan College in Buckinghamshire, England. He spent most of his engineering career living and working in the Middle East and Africa as a civil engineer. At the end of 1992, Bauval contacted Adrian Gilbert; they went on to write The Mystery of Orion together, which became an international bestseller. He also co-authored three books with Graham Hancock, Breaking The Mirror Of Heaven: Conspiracy to Suppress the Voice of Ancient Egypt with Ahmed Osman and two books with Thomas Brophy, including The African Imhotep: The Architect of Cosmos. Robert Bauval is the famous author of The Secrets of Orion and co-author (with Graham Hancock) of The Mystery of the Sphinx, The Mystery of Mars and the Guardian of Genesis. His contribution to Egyptology and Archaeology was widely recognized. Adrian Gilbert is a best-selling author and co-author of The Orion Mystery, The Mayan Prophecies, Magi: The zuest for a Secret Tradition and The Holy Kingdom. The fringe hypothesis in the alternative Egyptological representation of the central principle of Orion's correlation theory: the outlines of the pyramids of Giza superimposed on the photograph of stars in the Orion belt. The veracity of this match was questioned by Hancock's critics. The Orion Correlation Theory (or the theory of the Ghiza-Orion correlation) is a fringe theory in alternative Egyptology. He argues that there is a correlation between the location of the three largest pyramids of the Giza pyramid complex and the Orion belt of the constellation Orion, and that this correlation was conceived as such by the original builders of the pyramid complex giza. -
Positivism and the Inseparability of Law and Morals
\\server05\productn\N\NYU\83-4\NYU403.txt unknown Seq: 1 25-SEP-08 12:20 POSITIVISM AND THE INSEPARABILITY OF LAW AND MORALS LESLIE GREEN* H.L.A. Hart made a famous claim that legal positivism somehow involves a “sepa- ration of law and morals.” This Article seeks to clarify and assess this claim, con- tending that Hart’s separability thesis should not be confused with the social thesis, the sources thesis, or a methodological thesis about jurisprudence. In contrast, Hart’s separability thesis denies the existence of any necessary conceptual connec- tions between law and morality. That thesis, however, is false: There are many necessary connections between law and morality, some of them conceptually signif- icant. Among them is an important negative connection: Law is, of its nature, morally fallible and morally risky. Lon Fuller emphasized what he called the “internal morality of law,” the “morality that makes law possible.” This Article argues that Hart’s most important message is that there is also an immorality that law makes possible. Law’s nature is seen not only in its internal virtues, in legality, but also in its internal vices, in legalism. INTRODUCTION H.L.A. Hart’s Holmes Lecture gave new expression to the old idea that legal systems comprise positive law only, a thesis usually labeled “legal positivism.” Hart did this in two ways. First, he disen- tangled the idea from the independent and distracting projects of the imperative theory of law, the analytic study of legal language, and non-cognitivist moral philosophies. Hart’s second move was to offer a fresh characterization of the thesis. -
Oregon Health & Science University School Of
OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGICAL TOOLS TO THE STUDY OF BIOREMEDIATION IN CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS By Christina N. Brow A DISSERTATION Presented to the Division of Environmental & Biomolecular Systems and the Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2011 I DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND RIOMOLECI JLAR SYSTEMS INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL I-II'AI,TH OREGON HEALTI-I & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY CEIITTFICA'T'E OF AI'PTIOVAL --- --.----.-.----...-. - -- ..... .. This is to ccitifL Illat thc Pl3.D. dissc~tatioi~of . Christina N. RI-c~w has bccli appr-ovccl - -- - - -36 -- -------- Dl-. HOIGM. Sjnio~i,Assistant i'mfcssc~r Reseal-cli Co-Ad visor --. ..- --,-.- -.*-- -t-.- s. Richar i . .1 I~nson,P~.oli.ssos ---r~TdResearch Co-Advisor - --- v----- Dr. Paul G. Tralriyck, Professor ----.. w..3- -- .- -.--- , , Dl-. ewis Sc~~~psi~ii.cgor atc linivcr-sity -3 ExternalE-xamine~- - Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................................................I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................................................................................................III ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................IV 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. -
A Thesis Entitled Anomie and Development—A Cross-National
A Thesis entitled Anomie and Development—A Cross-National Study by Amin Etemadifar Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Sociology ________________________________________ Dr. Dwight Haase, Committee Chair ________________________________________ Dr. Barbara Coventry, Committee Member ________________________________________ Dr. Jerry Van Hoy, Committee Member ________________________________________ Dr. Amanda Bryant-Friedrich, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo December 2016 Copyright 2016, Seyed Amin Etemadifar This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of Anomie and Development—A Cross-National Study by Amin Etemadifar Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Sociology The University of Toledo December 2016 This is a quantitative cross-national study examining the relationship between development and anomie in 100 countries using the data extracted from the World Bank and United Nations Development Program. The main goal of the study is to inspect Durkheim’s theory of anomie, as he views anomie as a threat to the stability and integration of society. So the study distinguishes such a formulation of anomie with that of Merton and his followers who reformulated it as a concept merely to explain the issue of crime. Independent variables of study include the Human Development Index (measured based on health, education, and income), Political Development Index (measured based on efficiency of government, rule of law, and accountability of government), social inequality, migration, access to the Internet, international economic integration, urbanization, gender development, and size of population, and their effects on anomie are examined by a OLS curvilinear regression technique. -
The Controversy Surrounding the Davis-Moore Explanation of Stratification
THE CONTROVERSY SURROUND1 NS THE DAVIS-MOORE EXPLANATION OF STRATIFICATION by Constance Anne Taylor B. Soc. Sc. (M. P. P. ) , Birmingham University, 1966 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Political Science, Sociology and Anthropology - c? CONSTANCE ANVE TAYLOR 1963 SIMON 7RASER UNIVERSITY November, 1968. EXAMINING COMMITTEE APPROVAL David G. Bettison I Senior Supervisor - John McK. Whitworth Examining Commi t tee Karl Peter Examining Committee PARTIAL COPYRIGIIT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis or dissertation (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library ' of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of ~hesis/~issertation: --The ------ controversysurroundinfi - ---..---,-- the.--- bavis-Moore-- --..---.-..---exnlanation - ---of ---------stratification. P1.A. Thesis. Simon Fraser Ilniversitv. 7urnabv. l3.C.. 1968. BY Constance Anne Taylor. Author: (signature) (nee Constance Anne Taylor) (name ) (date) iii ABSTRACT We attempt to apply Mannheimls discussion of the sociology of knowledge to the controversy surround- ing the Davis-Moore arg7~ment. Manqheim distinguishes between 'he immanent and extrinsic interpretation of a body of intellectual knowledge, that is, between,on the one hand, interpretation in terms of the premises prescribed by an in?ellectual work, and on the other, while holding the basic premises in abeyance, in terms of its relationship to the wider existential situation.